WO2019228048A1 - Method for determining blood coagulation time, electronic apparatus, and storage medium - Google Patents

Method for determining blood coagulation time, electronic apparatus, and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019228048A1
WO2019228048A1 PCT/CN2019/080307 CN2019080307W WO2019228048A1 WO 2019228048 A1 WO2019228048 A1 WO 2019228048A1 CN 2019080307 W CN2019080307 W CN 2019080307W WO 2019228048 A1 WO2019228048 A1 WO 2019228048A1
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time
coagulation
slope
start time
time period
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PCT/CN2019/080307
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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张彤
赵峻祎
汤嘉慧
方磊
周楚青
陈宇薇
王继华
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广州万孚生物技术股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019228048A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019228048A1/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/86Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving blood coagulating time or factors, or their receptors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field related to blood coagulation testing, in particular to a method for determining blood coagulation time, an electronic device and a storage medium.
  • the process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel-like clot is called a blood coagulation process.
  • the coagulation factors in the blood are activated in a certain order, so that fibrinogen in the blood is converted into insoluble fibrin. Fibrin crosslinks into a network, forming a gel-like clot.
  • the time of blood clotting is called clotting time, and the length of clotting time is affected by coagulation factors.
  • Currently available clotting time measurements include Prothrombin Time (PT), Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Activated Clotting Time (ACT), and Thrombin Time , TT).
  • PT Prothrombin Time
  • APTT Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time
  • ACT Activated Clotting Time
  • TT Thrombin Time
  • Existing devices and methods for testing blood coagulation based on a microfluidic chip mainly apply a voltage difference to a blood sample in the microfluidic chip, measure an electrical signal of a certain duration, and analyze the measurement result curve to obtain Cumulative characteristics of blood coagulation time-related measurement functions.
  • the determination of the coagulation time is based on the area between several points or the calculation of the electrical signal strength. However, due to the influence of noise and other factors, the determination of the coagulation time is not obvious;
  • the operation speed is slow. Part of the post-processing process is based on area as the basis of judgment, so the amount of calculation is large, resulting in a slow algorithm and difficult to meet the requirements of real-time systems.
  • the invention provides a method for determining a coagulation time, including:
  • the coagulation time is determined based on the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time.
  • determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data specifically includes: calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on a search step;
  • the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time are determined based on the slope.
  • the search step size includes a starting search step size and an end search step size
  • the determination of the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the slope specifically includes:
  • the coagulation start time is determined based on the starting point search slope, and the coagulation end time is determined based on the end point search slope.
  • the end search step size is determined in the following manner:
  • a fitting curve that conforms to a preset selection rule is selected from a plurality of the fitting curves as a reference fitting curve, and the number of fitting terms of the reference fitting curve is used as the number of reference fitting terms ;
  • the selection rule includes:
  • a fitting curve with the largest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve
  • a fitting curve with the smallest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve.
  • determining the blood coagulation start time based on the starting search slope specifically includes:
  • the sampling time corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the largest search slope at the starting point is selected as the coagulation start time.
  • determining the coagulation end time based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
  • the start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
  • determining the continuous same slope time period based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
  • the sampling time period corresponding to the blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end-point search slope is regarded as continuous and the same Slope time period, or
  • the sampling time period corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the end point search slope of zero is taken as the continuous same slope time segment;
  • the endpoint search slopes are consistent, specifically: the difference between the endpoint search slopes is within a preset difference threshold.
  • selecting the start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period as the clotting end time specifically includes:
  • a start time of a continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
  • the invention provides an electronic device, including:
  • At least one processor At least one processor
  • a memory connected in communication with the at least one processor; wherein,
  • the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to:
  • the coagulation time is determined based on the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time.
  • determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data specifically includes: calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on a search step;
  • the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time are determined based on the slope.
  • the search step size includes a starting search step size and an end search step size
  • the determination of the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the slope specifically includes:
  • the coagulation start time is determined based on the starting point search slope, and the coagulation end time is determined based on the end point search slope.
  • the end search step size is determined in the following manner:
  • a fitting curve that conforms to a preset selection rule is selected from a plurality of the fitting curves as a reference fitting curve, and the number of fitting terms of the reference fitting curve is used as the reference fitting term ;
  • the selection rule includes:
  • a fitting curve with the largest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve
  • a fitting curve with the smallest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve.
  • determining the blood coagulation start time based on the starting search slope specifically includes:
  • the sampling time corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the largest search slope at the starting point is selected as the coagulation start time.
  • determining the coagulation end time based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
  • the start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
  • determining the continuous same slope time period based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
  • the sampling time period corresponding to the blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end-point search slope is regarded as the same continuously Slope time period, or
  • the sampling time period corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the end point search slope of zero is taken as the continuous same slope time segment;
  • the endpoint search slopes are consistent, and specifically, the difference between the endpoint search slopes is within a preset difference threshold range.
  • selecting the start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period as the clotting end time specifically includes:
  • a start time of a continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
  • the present invention provides a storage medium that stores computer instructions, and when the computer executes the computer instructions, it is used to perform all steps of the method for determining a coagulation time as described above.
  • the invention determines the coagulation time through data analysis, which effectively improves the judgment efficiency of the coagulation time.
  • FIG. 1 is a working flowchart of a method for determining a coagulation time according to the present invention
  • Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the sampling data curve of the prothrombin time test
  • FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of a sampling data curve of an activated coagulation time test
  • FIG. 2c is a schematic diagram of a sampling data curve of a thromboplastin time test of an activated part
  • Figure 2d is a schematic diagram of the sampling data curve of the thrombin time test
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a coagulation curve
  • FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of searching for coagulation start time
  • FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram of judging the end time of coagulation according to the continuous same slope time period
  • 4c is a schematic diagram of judging an end time of coagulation according to a continuous zero slope time period
  • 4d is a schematic diagram of judging an end time of coagulation according to a negative slope time period
  • FIG. 5 is a working flowchart of a method for determining a coagulation time according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a working flowchart for obtaining a coagulation time based on a continuous slope time and a negative slope time according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a system structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a working flowchart of a method for determining a coagulation time according to the present invention, including:
  • Step S101 obtaining a plurality of blood coagulation characteristic sampling data sampled over time in a coagulation test
  • Step S102 Determine a coagulation start time and an coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data
  • step S103 the coagulation time is determined according to the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time.
  • the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data may be a schematic diagram of sampling data curves in tests such as prothrombin time, activated coagulation time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and thrombin time as shown in Figs. 2a to 2d.
  • the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data can be obtained through a blood coagulation meter.
  • the blood coagulation meter can apply electrical signals to the blood sample and perform sampling at each sampling time to obtain blood coagulation characteristic sampling data.
  • the obtained blood coagulation characteristic sampling data can be stored in a file form, for example, in a binary file form.
  • a file storing blood coagulation characteristic sampling data can be obtained, and the file is read to obtain a plurality of blood coagulation characteristic sampling data sampled over time.
  • the file of blood coagulation characteristic sampling data can be obtained from the real-time blood sample characteristic analysis and recording instrument.
  • the real-time blood sample collection device uniformly disperses the collected blood sample into the analysis channel according to the capillary motion characteristics of the blood, and the real-time blood sample characteristic analysis and recording instrument records the coagulation signal by measuring the electrical characteristics of the analysis channel in the real-time blood sample collection device. The electrical characteristics are measured by two electrodes with a distance of 3mm-5mm. A coagulation test reagent is carried between the two electrodes. .
  • Step S102 may determine the coagulation start time based on, for example, the first change point of the curve of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data, the peak of the curve, or a threshold judgment based on experience.
  • the determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data specifically includes: calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on a search step;
  • the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time are determined based on the slope. Specifically, a slope calculation may be performed on the obtained blood coagulation characteristic sampling data, and the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time may be determined based on a slope corresponding to each blood coagulation characteristic sampling data.
  • the slope can be calculated as follows:
  • the current blood coagulation characteristic sampling data is taken as the first blood coagulation characteristic sampling data, and the sampling time corresponding to the first blood coagulation characteristic sampling data is taken as the current sampling time, and the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data here is the electrical characteristic data obtained by the test;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a typical coagulation curve. There are five main stages of the coagulation curve:
  • the first stage Before the blood drips into the reagent card, there is no liquid communication between the two electrodes, so it has a large resistance.
  • the second stage blood drips into the reagent card, because the plasma fills the reagent tank, resulting in a sharp decrease in the resistance between the two electrodes.
  • the third stage the red blood cells in the blood are evenly filled with the reagent card, causing the resistance between the two electrodes to increase.
  • the fourth stage The red blood cells at the rear of the reagent tank slowly move to the front of the reagent tank due to capillary action, which causes the resistance between the two electrodes to decrease.
  • the fifth stage due to the coagulation waterfall reaction, blood coagulation hinders the red blood cells from moving forward. After this point, the resistance change between the two electrodes is small.
  • the slope of the coagulation curve has changed significantly at different stages.
  • the slope corresponding to the sampling data of blood coagulation characteristics will change specifically. The change can be used to determine the start time of coagulation .
  • the slope corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data will also have a specific change, and the change can be used to determine the end of coagulation.
  • step S103 the difference between the coagulation end time and the coagulation start time may be used as the coagulation time.
  • the search step includes a starting search step and an ending search step
  • the determination of the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the slope specifically includes:
  • the coagulation start time is determined based on the starting point search slope, and the coagulation end time is determined based on the end point search slope.
  • Blood coagulation characteristics sampling data requires data preprocessing.
  • Pre-processing includes calculation of step size.
  • the step size can also be obtained by a preset value or a comprehensive weighting of the preset value and the curve fitting result.
  • different search steps are used for the starting point and the ending, so that different slopes can be used to judge the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time, respectively.
  • the starting point search step size can adopt a preset value, preferably two points, that is, the starting point search slope of each blood coagulation characteristic sampling data is preferably (first blood coagulation characteristic sampling data-two points of blood coagulation characteristic sampling data) / 2 .
  • the starting search step size is a preset value.
  • the end search step size is determined in the following manner:
  • a fitting curve that conforms to a preset selection rule is selected from a plurality of the fitting curves as a reference fitting curve, and the number of fitting terms of the reference fitting curve is used as the number of reference fitting terms ;
  • the existing polynomial curve fitting method can be used to perform curve fitting on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data to obtain a fitted curve.
  • fitting try different numbers of fitted items, and then determine the number of fitted items according to the selection rule, and calculate the end search step.
  • There are multiple methods for obtaining the step size by the number of fitted items. In this embodiment, it is considered that the number of fitted items is proportional to the step size, that is, the end search step size reference fit item number / preset value.
  • the selection rule includes:
  • a fitting curve with the largest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve
  • a fitting curve with the smallest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve.
  • This embodiment uses different numbers of fitting terms as the basis for calculating step sizes for different coagulation tests. For example, for curves with a large amount of data, such as APTT / ACT, the number of fitting terms of the fitting curve with the largest fitting error is used to calculate the endpoint. Search step size, because the number of fitting terms with the largest fitting error can reflect the trend of the curve to a greater extent and eliminate the influence of noise; for curves with a small amount of data, such as TT / PT, the fitting curve with the smallest fitting error is used. The number of combined terms is calculated to obtain the end search step, because the number of fitted terms with the smallest fitting error can retain more details of the curve with a smaller amount of data.
  • the determining the coagulation start time based on the starting point search slope specifically includes:
  • the sampling time corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the largest search slope at the starting point is selected as the coagulation start time.
  • the main basis of coagulation start time search is the first curve change of the coagulation curve expressed in low-dimensional space.
  • the measurement of slope change in low-dimensional space is the most commonly used basis. , Including any other curve change points based on low-dimensional space features.
  • the blood coagulation start time is searched to calculate the starting point search slope based on the starting point search step to determine the blood coagulation start time.
  • the starting point search step size can adopt a preset value, preferably two points, that is, the starting point search slope of each blood coagulation characteristic sampling data is preferably (first blood coagulation characteristic sampling data-two points of blood coagulation characteristic sampling data) / 2 . It can be seen from FIG.
  • the sampling time corresponding to the highest point is the coagulation start time. Therefore, in this embodiment, the sampling time corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the largest starting point search slope is used as the coagulation start time.
  • the determining the coagulation end time based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
  • the start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period is used as the clotting end time.
  • a search for the coagulation end time is performed.
  • the coagulation data needs to be extracted once from the high-dimensional space to the low-dimensional space, that is, the coagulation end time is found by analyzing the slope of the low-dimensional space characteristic curve. This includes:
  • the peak interference time period can be obtained by using preset values for different coagulation tests or a combination of preset values and the amount of curve data.
  • the low-dimensional spatial characteristic curve slope of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data points is calculated after the starting point of the blood clotting end time search, that is, the end search slope of each blood coagulation characteristic sampling data (the first blood coagulation characteristic Sampling data-blood coagulation characteristic sampling data after step point) / step size.
  • Constant data slope When the data change is continuous, but the data slope is constant. This indicates that the data curve is actually in a stable state. This data segment and data point may be the end time of coagulation; 2) Zero data slope: the lowest data change rate is the slowest and lowest point of low-dimensional feature changes, which usually indicates that the data is at this time. The window has not changed.
  • Negative data slope the negative slope of the data change in the low-dimensional feature space, which indicates a turning point in data change, which is also the possible clotting end time in practice
  • 5) the most obvious data change Point In some actual coagulation data, the most obvious data change point, such as the extreme value of the slope, may indicate the end of coagulation. In this part, you can set the priority of the coagulation end point estimation method according to the empirical value, and you can also set different algorithms to jump out of the strategy. When you find the first coagulation end time with a higher feasibility, you can jump out of the subsequent algorithm processing, so as to achieve Fast real-time requirements.
  • the search for the coagulation end time in this embodiment includes the search for continuous slope points and the search for negative slope points.
  • the search for continuous slope points includes the search for continuous positive slope points and the search for continuous zero slope points.
  • the continuous slope point can be regarded as the end time of coagulation, because the red blood cell movement stops after the coagulation reaction occurs, causing the resistance change to stabilize.
  • the negative slope point can be regarded as the end time of coagulation, because fibrin cross-links to form a network structure after coagulation occurs, resulting in an increase in resistance, which is reflected in the slope as a negative slope.
  • determining the continuous same slope time period based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
  • the time period corresponding to the blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end-point search slope is regarded as the continuous same slope Time period, or
  • the time period corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with an end point search slope of zero is taken as the continuous same slope time period ;
  • the endpoint search slopes are consistent, and specifically, the difference between the endpoint search slopes is within a preset difference threshold range.
  • the parameters are recorded, and continuous point search with the same end point is stopped. If the number of points is less than the threshold of the first number, return to check whether the search slope of the end point of the previous point has a small fluctuation. If there is any, you can ignore the fluctuation and count, and stop the search when the threshold is reached; if not, clear the count and continue searching forward.
  • the first number threshold for example: 50
  • the second number threshold is used to search for consecutive blood samples with blood coagulation characteristics with a zero slope. Since the blood sample with blood coagulation characteristics with a zero end point search slope can better reflect the end of coagulation, the second number threshold can be less than The first number threshold, preferably, the first number threshold is 50, and the second number threshold is 15.
  • the coagulation end time can be obtained by referring to the recorded parameters, the corresponding threshold value and the step size.
  • the coagulation end time parameter (recorded parameter-threshold value + step size), and the coagulation end time is the time corresponding to the parameter, that is, the start time of the continuous same slope time period.
  • the end time of coagulation is the time corresponding to the recording parameter, that is, the time when the negative slope point appears.
  • the selecting a start time of the continuous same slope time period or a start time of the negative slope time period as the clotting end time specifically includes:
  • a start time of a continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
  • the negative slope and the same slope are judged separately to select an appropriate clotting end time. Because the end point search slope has negative blood coagulation characteristics, the sampling data can better reflect the end of coagulation. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4d, when the negative slope point appears, the parameters appearing are recorded.
  • FIG. 5 is a working flowchart of a method for determining a coagulation time according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, including:
  • Step S501 reading a txt file including sampling data of blood coagulation characteristics, and setting parameters;
  • step S502 it is checked whether the file is a new file. If so, step S503 is performed; otherwise, the file is numbered, the time is reset, and step S503 is performed;
  • Step S503 using a polynomial fitting function to fit the curve, try polynomial fitting with different numbers of terms, find the number of fitting terms with the largest fitting error, and then use this number of terms to calculate the end search step size;
  • step S504 the slope of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data after calculating the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data to two points is used as the starting point search slope, and the point with the largest starting point search slope is the coagulation starting point.
  • Step S505 setting parameters, clearing variables to prepare for the next step
  • Step S506 adjusting the search start index of the clotting end time by 150 to avoid peak interference
  • Step S507 starting at the search index index position at the coagulation end time, calculating the slope of each blood coagulation characteristic sampling data to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data after a distance from the end search step as the end search slope;
  • step S508 if the continuous end point search has the same blood clotting characteristic sampling data and the number reaches 50, then the sampling time of the last end point search blood clotting characteristic sampling data with the same slope is recorded as the continuous slope time, and continuous continuous point search of the same slope is stopped. .
  • step S509 if there are consecutive blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end point search slope, but the number is between 5-50, return to check whether there is a small fluctuation in the end point search slope of the previous blood coagulation characteristic sampling data, and if there is, you can ignore the fluctuation. Counting. When the threshold is reached, the last endpoint is recorded. The sampling time of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same search slope is the end time of the continuous slope. Stop the search. If not, clear the count and continue searching forward.
  • step S510 if there is blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with a continuous endpoint search slope of zero and the number reaches 15, the sampling time of the last blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with a zero endpoint search slope of zero is recorded as the continuous slope end time, and the search is stopped. ;
  • Step S511 if blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with a negative end search slope appears, record the sampling time of the first blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with a negative end search slope appearing as a negative slope time;
  • Step S512 obtaining the coagulation time of each channel based on the start time and the negative slope time of the continuous slope
  • step S513 the coagulation time value is determined and the data is checked for errors. For example, the optimal clotting time determined by the above data analysis and screening is estimated to be within the range allowed by experience, then this clotting time will be displayed to the user. However, if the optimal coagulation time estimated through the above data analysis and screening is within the range of abnormal empirical allowable values, the system displays that the estimation fails to the user.
  • a working flowchart of coagulation time based on a continuous slope time and a negative slope time includes:
  • Step S601 Calculate the negative slope time-coagulation start time. If it is within (100, 300), use the negative slope time as the coagulation end time, and perform step S604, otherwise, perform step S602, where 100 and 300 are the number of data points. , Its applicable data is collected at three points per second, and converted into time of 33 seconds and 100 seconds;
  • Step S602 Calculate the continuous slope start time-the coagulation start time. If it is within (100, 300), use the continuous slope time as the coagulation end time, and perform step S604; otherwise, perform step S603;
  • Step S603 calculating the continuous slope time-negative slope time, if it is less than or equal to 0, use the negative slope time as the clotting end time, and execute step S604; otherwise, use the continuous slope time as the clotting end time, and execute step S604;
  • step S604 the coagulation time is displayed as the coagulation end time-the coagulation start time.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device 1 according to the present invention, including:
  • At least one processor 701 and
  • the memory 702 stores instructions executable by the one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor can:
  • the coagulation time is determined based on the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time.
  • a processor 702 is taken as an example in FIG. 7.
  • the electronic device may further include an input device 703 and an output device 704.
  • the processor 701, the memory 702, the input device 703, and the display device 704 may be connected through a bus or other methods. In the figure, connection through a bus is taken as an example.
  • the processor 701 may be a general-purpose processor (CPU), a dedicated digital signal processing chip (DSP), or an FPGA.
  • CPU general-purpose processor
  • DSP dedicated digital signal processing chip
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • the memory 702 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs, and modules, such as programs corresponding to the coagulation time determination method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the instruction / module is, for example, the method flow shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6.
  • the processor 701 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the non-volatile software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 702, that is, the coagulation time determination method in the above embodiment is implemented.
  • the memory 702 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, where the storage program area may store an operating system and an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the coagulation time determination method, such as a system Intermediate results of the operation and final coagulation data.
  • the memory 702 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may further include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device.
  • the memory 702 may optionally include a memory that is remotely set relative to the processor 701, and these remote memories may be connected to a device that performs a coagulation time determination method through a network. Examples of the above network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.
  • the input device 703 can receive input user clicks, and generate signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the coagulation time determination method.
  • the display device 704 may include a display device such as a display screen.
  • the one or more modules are stored in the memory 702, and when executed by the one or more processors 701, the coagulation time determination method in any of the method embodiments described above is executed.
  • the determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data specifically includes: calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on a search step;
  • the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time are determined based on the slope.
  • the search step includes a starting search step and an ending search step
  • the determination of the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the slope specifically includes:
  • the coagulation start time is determined based on the starting point search slope, and the coagulation end time is determined based on the end point search slope.
  • the starting search step size is a preset value.
  • the end search step size is determined in the following manner:
  • a fitting curve that conforms to a preset selection rule is selected from a plurality of the fitting curves as a reference fitting curve, and the number of fitting terms of the reference fitting curve is used as the number of reference fitting terms ;
  • the selection rule includes:
  • a fitting curve with the largest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve
  • a fitting curve with the smallest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve.
  • the determining the coagulation start time based on the starting point search slope specifically includes:
  • the sampling time corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the largest search slope at the starting point is selected as the coagulation start time.
  • the determining the coagulation end time based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
  • the start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
  • determining the continuous same slope time period based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
  • the sampling time period corresponding to the blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end-point search slope is regarded as continuous and the same Slope time period, or
  • the sampling time period corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the end point search slope of zero is taken as the continuous same slope time segment;
  • the endpoint search slopes are consistent, and specifically, the difference between the endpoint search slopes is within a preset difference threshold range.
  • the selecting a start time of the continuous same slope time period or a start time of the negative slope time period as the clotting end time specifically includes:
  • a start time of a continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic architecture of a system for collecting and processing coagulation data from a real-time blood collection device.
  • the system includes an electronic device 1 as shown in FIG. 7 and a real-time blood data characteristic analysis recorder 2 that can record coagulation process data.
  • This analysis recorder can also be an offline data recording instrument, and the system is powered by a mobile or fixed power source 6.
  • the system shown in FIG. 8 can implement a real-time parallel historical data analysis module 3, which is used to improve the performance of real-time coagulation estimation of a specific sample.
  • the parallel historical data analysis module can be the historical data of the same patient, or it can be based on the historical data of a large sample of the same patient group.
  • the system shown in FIG. 8 can implement a wireless Internet of Things communication module 4 to perform local local area network communication with other similar devices to implement large-scale coagulation estimation analysis of big data.
  • the data transmitted by this wireless IoT communication module can be input to the real-time parallel historical data analysis module for its comprehensive analysis.
  • the wireless IoT communication module can also access the meta-computing or cloud storage platform of the wide area network, and perform background analysis from these cloud resources.
  • the system shown in FIG. 8 can be implemented to connect a printing device 5 to print real-time intermediate data and any coagulation data.
  • the same design can use a display to show real-time intermediate data and any coagulation data.
  • the present invention provides a storage medium that stores computer instructions, and when the computer executes the computer instructions, it is used to perform all steps of the method for determining a coagulation time as described above.

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Abstract

A method for determining blood coagulation time, an electronic apparatus, and a storage medium. The method comprises: acquiring multiple pieces of blood coagulation feature sampling data sampled over time during a blood coagulation test; determining a blood coagulation starting time and a blood coagulation ending time on the basis of the blood coagulation feature sampling data; and determining a blood coagulation time according to the blood coagulation starting time and the blood coagulation ending time. The method determines blood coagulation time by means of data analysis, thereby improving the efficiency of determining a blood coagulation time.

Description

凝血时间判定方法、电子设备及存储介质Method for determining coagulation time, electronic equipment and storage medium
本申请要求在2018年06月01日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810554622.7、发明名称为“凝血时间判定方法、电子设备及存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed on June 01, 2018 with the Chinese Patent Office, application number 201810554622.7, and the invention name is "Clotting time determination method, electronic device and storage medium", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in In this application.
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及凝血测试相关技术领域,特别是一种凝血时间判定方法、电子设备及存储介质。The present invention relates to the technical field related to blood coagulation testing, in particular to a method for determining blood coagulation time, an electronic device and a storage medium.
背景技术Background technique
血液从液态变为胶冻状凝块的过程称为血液凝固过程。此过程中血液中的凝血因子按一定顺序激活,使血液中的纤维蛋白原转变为不溶的纤维蛋白。纤维蛋白交联成网,形成胶冻状凝块。血液凝固的时间称为凝血时间,凝血时间的长短受凝血因子的影响。目前有效的凝血时间测量包括凝血酶原时间(Prothrombin Time,PT),活化部分凝血活酶时间(Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time,APTT),活化凝血时间(Activated Clotting Time,ACT)和凝血酶时间(Thrombin Time,TT)。凝血时间的测定对血栓等血液病的监测,抗凝剂的监测,凝血因子的筛查等至关重要。The process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel-like clot is called a blood coagulation process. During this process, the coagulation factors in the blood are activated in a certain order, so that fibrinogen in the blood is converted into insoluble fibrin. Fibrin crosslinks into a network, forming a gel-like clot. The time of blood clotting is called clotting time, and the length of clotting time is affected by coagulation factors. Currently available clotting time measurements include Prothrombin Time (PT), Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Activated Clotting Time (ACT), and Thrombin Time , TT). The measurement of clotting time is very important for the monitoring of blood diseases such as thrombosis, the monitoring of anticoagulants, and the screening of clotting factors.
现有的基于微流控芯片的检验血液凝固的设备和方法,主要通过在微流控芯片中对血样施加电压差,测量一定持续时间的电信号,并通过对测量结果曲线进行分析,得到与凝血时间相关的测量函数的累计特性。Existing devices and methods for testing blood coagulation based on a microfluidic chip mainly apply a voltage difference to a blood sample in the microfluidic chip, measure an electrical signal of a certain duration, and analyze the measurement result curve to obtain Cumulative characteristics of blood coagulation time-related measurement functions.
然而现有技术,存在以下的缺点:However, the prior art has the following disadvantages:
一,对输入数据的要求高。其凝血时间的判断基于几个点之间的面积或电信号强度计算,然而在实际情况下由于噪音等的影响,判断凝血时间的几个点不是很明显;First, the requirements for input data are high. The determination of the coagulation time is based on the area between several points or the calculation of the electrical signal strength. However, due to the influence of noise and other factors, the determination of the coagulation time is not obvious;
二,实时鲁棒性差。基于缺点一,当原始数据噪声大,现有算法无法做出正确判断;Second, the real-time robustness is poor. Based on disadvantage one, when the original data is noisy, existing algorithms cannot make correct judgments;
三,运算速度慢。其部分后处理过程基于面积作为判断依据,因此运算量大,导致算法速度慢,很难满足实时系统要求。Third, the operation speed is slow. Part of the post-processing process is based on area as the basis of judgment, so the amount of calculation is large, resulting in a slow algorithm and difficult to meet the requirements of real-time systems.
发明内容Summary of the Invention
基于此,有必要针对现有技术对凝血时间的判断准确性低的技术问题,提供一种凝血时间判定方法、电子设备及存储介质。Based on this, it is necessary to provide a method for determining a coagulation time, an electronic device, and a storage medium for the technical problem of low accuracy of the determination of the coagulation time in the prior art.
本发明提供一种凝血时间判定方法,包括:The invention provides a method for determining a coagulation time, including:
获取凝血测试中随时间采样的多个血液凝固特性采样数据;Obtain multiple blood coagulation characteristics sampling data sampled over time in a coagulation test;
基于所述血液凝固特性采样数据确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间;Determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data;
根据凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间确定凝血时间。The coagulation time is determined based on the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time.
进一步的,所述基于所述血液凝固特性采样数据确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间,具体包括:基于搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的斜率;Further, determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data specifically includes: calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on a search step;
基于所述斜率确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间。The coagulation start time and the coagulation end time are determined based on the slope.
更进一步的,所述搜索步长包括起点搜索步长、以及终点搜索步长;Furthermore, the search step size includes a starting search step size and an end search step size;
所述基于搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的斜率,具体包括:The step of calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the search step specifically includes:
基于所述起点搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的起点搜索斜率,基于所述终点搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的终点搜索斜率;Calculating a corresponding starting point search slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the starting point search step, and calculating a corresponding ending point search slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the starting point search step;
基于所述斜率确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间,具体包括:The determination of the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the slope specifically includes:
基于所述起点搜索斜率确定凝血开始时间,基于所述终点搜索斜率确定凝血结束时间。The coagulation start time is determined based on the starting point search slope, and the coagulation end time is determined based on the end point search slope.
再进一步的,所述终点搜索步长采用如下方式确定:Still further, the end search step size is determined in the following manner:
使用多个拟合项数对所述血液凝固特性采样数据进行多次多项式曲线拟合得到多个以拟合项数为参数的拟合曲线;Performing a plurality of polynomial curve fittings on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data by using a plurality of fitting terms to obtain a plurality of fitting curves with the fitting terms as parameters;
根据所述凝血测试类型,从多个所述拟合曲线中选择符合预设选择规则的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线,将所述参考拟合曲线的拟合项数作为参考拟合项数;According to the type of coagulation test, a fitting curve that conforms to a preset selection rule is selected from a plurality of the fitting curves as a reference fitting curve, and the number of fitting terms of the reference fitting curve is used as the number of reference fitting terms ;
根据所述参考拟合项数计算所述终点搜索步长。Calculate the end search step size according to the number of reference fitting terms.
再进一步的,所述选择规则包括:Still further, the selection rule includes:
如果所述凝血测试类型为活化部分凝血活酶时间测试、或活化凝血时间测试,则选择拟合误差最大的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线;If the type of coagulation test is an activated partial thromboplastin time test or an activated coagulation time test, a fitting curve with the largest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve;
如果所述凝血测试类型为凝血酶时间测试、或凝血酶原时间测试,则选择拟合误差最小的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线。If the type of the blood coagulation test is a thrombin time test or a prothrombin time test, a fitting curve with the smallest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve.
再进一步的,所述基于所述起点搜索斜率确定凝血开始时间,具体包括:Still further, determining the blood coagulation start time based on the starting search slope specifically includes:
选择起点搜索斜率最大的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间作为凝血开始时间。The sampling time corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the largest search slope at the starting point is selected as the coagulation start time.
再进一步的,所述基于所述终点搜索斜率确定凝血结束时间,具体包括:Still further, determining the coagulation end time based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
在所述凝血开始时间之后预设峰干扰时间段后,基于所述终点搜索斜率确定连续相同斜率时间段、或负斜率时间段;After presetting a peak interference time period after the coagulation start time, determining a continuous same slope time period or a negative slope time period based on the endpoint search slope;
选择所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间、或所述负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间。The start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
再进一步的,所述基于所述终点搜索斜率确定连续相同斜率时间段,具体包括:Still further, determining the continuous same slope time period based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
如果有连续多个终点搜索斜率一致且为正斜率的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到预设第一数量阈值,则将终点搜索斜率一致的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间段作为连续相同斜率时间段,或者;If there are multiple consecutive blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end point search slope and a positive slope, and the number reaches a preset first number threshold, the sampling time period corresponding to the blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end-point search slope is regarded as continuous and the same Slope time period, or
如果有连续多个终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到预设第二数量阈值,则将终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间段作为连续相同斜率时间段;If there are multiple consecutive blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the end point search slope of zero, and the number reaches a preset second number threshold, the sampling time period corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the end point search slope of zero is taken as the continuous same slope time segment;
其中,所述终点搜索斜率一致,具体为:终点搜索斜率的差值在 预设差值阈值范围内。Wherein, the endpoint search slopes are consistent, specifically: the difference between the endpoint search slopes is within a preset difference threshold.
再进一步的,所述选择所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间、或所述负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,具体包括:Still further, selecting the start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period as the clotting end time specifically includes:
计算所述负斜率时间段的起始时间与所述凝血起始时间的第一差值,如果所述第一差值在预设第一时间范围内,则选择负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,否则;Calculate a first difference between the start time of the negative slope time period and the coagulation start time, and if the first difference is within a preset first time range, select the start time of the negative slope time period As the clotting end time, otherwise;
计算所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间与所述凝血起始时间的第二差值,如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围外,且所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间小于所述负斜率时间段的起始时间,则选择负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围外,且所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间大于所述负斜率时间段的起始时间,则选择连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,否则;Calculate a second difference between the start time of the continuous same slope time period and the coagulation start time, if the second difference is outside a preset second time range, and the If the start time is less than the start time of the negative slope time period, the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time. If the second difference value is outside a preset second time range, and The start time of the continuous same slope time period is greater than the start time of the negative slope time period, then the start time of the continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time, otherwise;
如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围内,则选择连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间。If the second difference value is within a preset second time range, a start time of a continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
本发明提供一种电子设备,包括:The invention provides an electronic device, including:
至少一个处理器;以及,At least one processor; and
与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器;其中,A memory connected in communication with the at least one processor; wherein,
所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令,所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行,以使所述至少一个处理器能够:The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to:
获取凝血测试中随时间采样的多个血液凝固特性采样数据;Obtain multiple blood coagulation characteristics sampling data sampled over time in a coagulation test;
基于所述血液凝固特性采样数据确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间;Determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data;
根据凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间确定凝血时间。The coagulation time is determined based on the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time.
进一步的,所述基于所述血液凝固特性采样数据确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间,具体包括:基于搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的斜率;Further, determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data specifically includes: calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on a search step;
基于所述斜率确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间。The coagulation start time and the coagulation end time are determined based on the slope.
更进一步的,所述搜索步长包括起点搜索步长、以及终点搜索步长;Furthermore, the search step size includes a starting search step size and an end search step size;
所述基于搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的斜率,具体包括:The step of calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the search step specifically includes:
基于所述起点搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的起点搜索斜率,基于所述终点搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的终点搜索斜率;Calculating a corresponding starting point search slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the starting point search step size, and calculating a corresponding ending point search slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the starting point search step size;
基于所述斜率确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间,具体包括:The determination of the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the slope specifically includes:
基于所述起点搜索斜率确定凝血开始时间,基于所述终点搜索斜率确定凝血结束时间。The coagulation start time is determined based on the starting point search slope, and the coagulation end time is determined based on the end point search slope.
再进一步的,所述终点搜索步长采用如下方式确定:Still further, the end search step size is determined in the following manner:
使用多个拟合项数对所述血液凝固特性采样数据进行多次多项式曲线拟合得到多个以拟合项数为参数的拟合曲线;Performing a plurality of polynomial curve fittings on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data by using a plurality of fitting terms to obtain a plurality of fitting curves with the fitting terms as parameters;
根据所述凝血测试类型,从多个所述拟合曲线中选择符合预设选择规则的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线,将所述参考拟合曲线的拟合项数作为参考拟合项数;According to the type of blood coagulation test, a fitting curve that conforms to a preset selection rule is selected from a plurality of the fitting curves as a reference fitting curve, and the number of fitting terms of the reference fitting curve is used as the reference fitting term ;
根据所述参考拟合项数计算所述终点搜索步长。Calculate the end search step size according to the number of reference fitting terms.
再进一步的,所述选择规则包括:Still further, the selection rule includes:
如果所述凝血测试类型为活化部分凝血活酶时间测试、或活化凝血时间测试,则选择拟合误差最大的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线;If the type of coagulation test is an activated partial thromboplastin time test or an activated coagulation time test, a fitting curve with the largest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve;
如果所述凝血测试类型为凝血酶时间测试、或凝血酶原时间测试,则选择拟合误差最小的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线。If the type of the blood coagulation test is a thrombin time test or a prothrombin time test, a fitting curve with the smallest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve.
再进一步的,所述基于所述起点搜索斜率确定凝血开始时间,具体包括:Still further, determining the blood coagulation start time based on the starting search slope specifically includes:
选择起点搜索斜率最大的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间作为凝血开始时间。The sampling time corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the largest search slope at the starting point is selected as the coagulation start time.
再进一步的,所述基于所述终点搜索斜率确定凝血结束时间,具体包括:Still further, determining the coagulation end time based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
在所述凝血开始时间之后预设峰干扰时间段后,基于所述终点搜索斜率确定连续相同斜率时间段、或负斜率时间段;After presetting a peak interference time period after the coagulation start time, determining a continuous same slope time period or a negative slope time period based on the endpoint search slope;
选择所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间、或所述负斜率时间段 的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间。The start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
再进一步的,所述基于所述终点搜索斜率确定连续相同斜率时间段,具体包括:Still further, determining the continuous same slope time period based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
如果有连续多个终点搜索斜率一致且为正斜率的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到预设第一数量阈值,则将终点搜索斜率一致的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间段作为连续相同斜率时间段,或者;If there are multiple consecutive blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end point search slope and a positive slope, and the number reaches a preset first number threshold, the sampling time period corresponding to the blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end-point search slope is regarded as the same continuously Slope time period, or
如果有连续多个终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到预设第二数量阈值,则将终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间段作为连续相同斜率时间段;If there are multiple consecutive blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the end point search slope of zero, and the number reaches a preset second number threshold, the sampling time period corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the end point search slope of zero is taken as the continuous same slope time segment;
其中,所述终点搜索斜率一致,具体为:终点搜索斜率的差值在预设差值阈值范围内。Wherein, the endpoint search slopes are consistent, and specifically, the difference between the endpoint search slopes is within a preset difference threshold range.
再进一步的,所述选择所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间、或所述负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,具体包括:Still further, selecting the start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period as the clotting end time specifically includes:
计算所述负斜率时间段的起始时间与所述凝血起始时间的第一差值,如果所述第一差值在预设第一时间范围内,则选择负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,否则;Calculate a first difference between the start time of the negative slope time period and the coagulation start time, and if the first difference is within a preset first time range, select the start time of the negative slope time period As the clotting end time, otherwise;
计算所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间与所述凝血起始时间的第二差值,如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围外,且所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间小于所述负斜率时间段的起始时间,则选择负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围外,且所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间大于所述负斜率时间段的起始时间,则选择连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,否则;Calculate a second difference between the start time of the continuous same slope time period and the coagulation start time, if the second difference is outside a preset second time range, and the If the start time is less than the start time of the negative slope time period, the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time. If the second difference value is outside a preset second time range, and The start time of the continuous same slope time period is greater than the start time of the negative slope time period, then the start time of the continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time, otherwise;
如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围内,则选择连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间。If the second difference value is within a preset second time range, a start time of a continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
本发明提供一种存储介质,所述存储介质存储计算机指令,当计算机执行所述计算机指令时,用于执行如前所述的凝血时间判定方法的所有步骤。The present invention provides a storage medium that stores computer instructions, and when the computer executes the computer instructions, it is used to perform all steps of the method for determining a coagulation time as described above.
本发明通过数据分析来确定凝血时间,有效提高了凝血时间的判 断效率。The invention determines the coagulation time through data analysis, which effectively improves the judgment efficiency of the coagulation time.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明一种凝血时间判定方法的工作流程图;FIG. 1 is a working flowchart of a method for determining a coagulation time according to the present invention;
图2a为凝血酶原时间测试的采样数据曲线示意图;Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the sampling data curve of the prothrombin time test;
图2b为活化凝血时间测试的采样数据曲线示意图;FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of a sampling data curve of an activated coagulation time test; FIG.
图2c为活化部分凝血活酶时间测试的采样数据曲线示意图;FIG. 2c is a schematic diagram of a sampling data curve of a thromboplastin time test of an activated part; FIG.
图2d为凝血酶时间测试的采样数据曲线示意图;Figure 2d is a schematic diagram of the sampling data curve of the thrombin time test;
图3为凝血曲线示意图;Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a coagulation curve;
图4a为凝血开始时间搜索示意图;FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of searching for coagulation start time; FIG.
图4b为根据连续相同斜率时间段判断凝血结束时间示意图;FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram of judging the end time of coagulation according to the continuous same slope time period;
图4c为根据连续零斜率时间段判断凝血结束时间示意图;4c is a schematic diagram of judging an end time of coagulation according to a continuous zero slope time period;
图4d为根据负斜率时间段判断凝血结束时间示意图;4d is a schematic diagram of judging an end time of coagulation according to a negative slope time period;
图5为本发明最佳实施例一种凝血时间判定方法的工作流程图;5 is a working flowchart of a method for determining a coagulation time according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明最佳实施例基于连续斜率时间和负斜率时间得出凝血时间的工作流程图;FIG. 6 is a working flowchart for obtaining a coagulation time based on a continuous slope time and a negative slope time according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图7为本发明一种电子设备的硬件结构示意图;7 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device according to the present invention;
图8为本发明最佳实施例的系统结构示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a system structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细的说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1所示为本发明一种凝血时间判定方法的工作流程图,包括:FIG. 1 is a working flowchart of a method for determining a coagulation time according to the present invention, including:
步骤S101,获取凝血测试中随时间采样的多个血液凝固特性采样数据;Step S101, obtaining a plurality of blood coagulation characteristic sampling data sampled over time in a coagulation test;
步骤S102,基于所述血液凝固特性采样数据确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间;Step S102: Determine a coagulation start time and an coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data;
步骤S103,根据凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间确定凝血时间。In step S103, the coagulation time is determined according to the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time.
具体来说,血液凝固特性采样数据,可以是如图2a~2d所示的凝血酶原时间、活化凝血时间、活化部分凝血活酶时间、凝血酶时间 等测试中的采样数据曲线示意图。血液凝固特性采样数据可以通过凝血仪表获取,凝血仪表可以对血样施加电信号,并在每个采样时间进行采样得到血液凝固特性采样数据。得到的血液凝固特性采样数据可以以文件形式保存,例如以二进制文件形式保存。Specifically, the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data may be a schematic diagram of sampling data curves in tests such as prothrombin time, activated coagulation time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and thrombin time as shown in Figs. 2a to 2d. The blood coagulation characteristic sampling data can be obtained through a blood coagulation meter. The blood coagulation meter can apply electrical signals to the blood sample and perform sampling at each sampling time to obtain blood coagulation characteristic sampling data. The obtained blood coagulation characteristic sampling data can be stored in a file form, for example, in a binary file form.
步骤S101可以获取保存血液凝固特性采样数据的文件,对文件进行读取,得到随时间采样的多个血液凝固特性采样数据。血液凝固特性采样数据的文件可以从实时血样特征分析和记录仪器中获取。具体来说,实时血样采集装置根据血液的毛细运动特点将采集的血液样本均匀散播到分析通道中,实时血样特征分析和记录仪器通过测量实时血样采集装置中分析通道的电气特性进行凝血信号记录。电气特性的测量通过间距在3mm-5mm的两个电极进行。两电极间载有凝血实验试剂。。在两电极间施加电势差,记录两电极间电阻,当血液充满分析通道后,电阻开始发生变化。测量分辨率在0.000001Ω,测量频率在每秒3到9次,并且在存储介质中记录这些测量数据。测定一定时间的电气特性后,可以得到电气特性-时间数据流。In step S101, a file storing blood coagulation characteristic sampling data can be obtained, and the file is read to obtain a plurality of blood coagulation characteristic sampling data sampled over time. The file of blood coagulation characteristic sampling data can be obtained from the real-time blood sample characteristic analysis and recording instrument. Specifically, the real-time blood sample collection device uniformly disperses the collected blood sample into the analysis channel according to the capillary motion characteristics of the blood, and the real-time blood sample characteristic analysis and recording instrument records the coagulation signal by measuring the electrical characteristics of the analysis channel in the real-time blood sample collection device. The electrical characteristics are measured by two electrodes with a distance of 3mm-5mm. A coagulation test reagent is carried between the two electrodes. . Apply a potential difference between the two electrodes and record the resistance between the two electrodes. When the blood fills the analysis channel, the resistance begins to change. The measurement resolution is 0.000001Ω, the measurement frequency is 3 to 9 times per second, and these measurement data are recorded in a storage medium. After measuring the electrical characteristics for a certain period of time, an electrical characteristics-time data stream can be obtained.
步骤S102可以基于,如血液凝固特性采样数据的曲线的第一次变化点、曲线的波峰、或者根据经验设置阈值判断等确定凝血开始时间。Step S102 may determine the coagulation start time based on, for example, the first change point of the curve of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data, the peak of the curve, or a threshold judgment based on experience.
在其中一个实施例中,所述基于所述血液凝固特性采样数据确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间,具体包括:基于搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的斜率;In one embodiment, the determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data specifically includes: calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on a search step;
基于所述斜率确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间。具体来说,可以将所获取的血液凝固特性采样数据进行斜率计算,并基于每个血液凝固特性采样数据对应的斜率来确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间。The coagulation start time and the coagulation end time are determined based on the slope. Specifically, a slope calculation may be performed on the obtained blood coagulation characteristic sampling data, and the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time may be determined based on a slope corresponding to each blood coagulation characteristic sampling data.
斜率可以采用如下方式计算得到:The slope can be calculated as follows:
对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据:Sampling data for each of the blood coagulation characteristics:
将当前血液凝固特性采样数据作为第一血液凝固特性采样数据,将第一血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间作为当前采样时间,此处的血液凝固特性采样数据为测试得到的电气特性数据;The current blood coagulation characteristic sampling data is taken as the first blood coagulation characteristic sampling data, and the sampling time corresponding to the first blood coagulation characteristic sampling data is taken as the current sampling time, and the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data here is the electrical characteristic data obtained by the test;
将当前采样时间增加所述搜索步长后的采样时间作为待计算采 样时间,将所述待计算采样时间对应的血液凝固特性采样数据作为第二血液凝固特性采样数据;Taking the sampling time after the current sampling time is increased by the search step as the sampling time to be calculated, and using the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data corresponding to the sampling time to be calculated as the second blood coagulation characteristic sampling data;
计算第一血液凝固特性采样数据对应的搜索斜率为:(第一血液凝固特性采样数据-第二血液凝固特性采样数据)/搜索步长。Calculate the search slope corresponding to the first blood coagulation characteristic sampling data: (first blood coagulation characteristic sampling data-second blood coagulation characteristic sampling data) / search step.
图3示意了一个典型的凝血曲线。凝血曲线主要有五个阶段:Figure 3 illustrates a typical coagulation curve. There are five main stages of the coagulation curve:
第一阶段:血液滴入试剂卡前,由于两电极之间没有液体的联通,因此具有较大的电阻。The first stage: Before the blood drips into the reagent card, there is no liquid communication between the two electrodes, so it has a large resistance.
第二阶段:血液滴入试剂卡,由于血浆充满试剂槽,造成两电极间电阻的急剧降低。The second stage: blood drips into the reagent card, because the plasma fills the reagent tank, resulting in a sharp decrease in the resistance between the two electrodes.
第三阶段:血液中的红细胞均匀地充满试剂卡,造成两电极间的电阻升高。The third stage: the red blood cells in the blood are evenly filled with the reagent card, causing the resistance between the two electrodes to increase.
第四阶段:试剂槽中后部的红细胞因为毛细作用缓慢向试剂槽前端移动,造成两电极间电阻降低。The fourth stage: The red blood cells at the rear of the reagent tank slowly move to the front of the reagent tank due to capillary action, which causes the resistance between the two electrodes to decrease.
第五阶段:由于凝血瀑布反应的发生,血液凝固阻碍了红细胞的向前移动,在此点后两电极间的电阻变化较小。The fifth stage: due to the coagulation waterfall reaction, blood coagulation hinders the red blood cells from moving forward. After this point, the resistance change between the two electrodes is small.
从图3可以看出,在不同阶段凝血曲线的斜率都有显著变化,例如,当血浆充满试剂槽时,血液凝固特性采样数据对应的斜率会发生特定变化,可以通过该变化来判断凝血开始时间。而当红细胞缓慢向前移动达到一定时间发生凝固时,血液凝固特性采样数据对应的斜率也会发生特定变化,可以通过该变化来判断凝血结束时间。As can be seen from Figure 3, the slope of the coagulation curve has changed significantly at different stages. For example, when the plasma fills the reagent tank, the slope corresponding to the sampling data of blood coagulation characteristics will change specifically. The change can be used to determine the start time of coagulation . And when the red blood cells slowly move forward to reach a certain time for coagulation to occur, the slope corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data will also have a specific change, and the change can be used to determine the end of coagulation.
然后,步骤S103可以采用凝血结束时间与凝血开始时间的差值作为凝血时间。Then, in step S103, the difference between the coagulation end time and the coagulation start time may be used as the coagulation time.
在其中一个实施例中,所述搜索步长包括起点搜索步长、以及终点搜索步长;In one embodiment, the search step includes a starting search step and an ending search step;
所述基于搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的斜率,具体包括:The step of calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the search step specifically includes:
基于所述起点搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的起点搜索斜率,基于所述终点搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的终点搜索斜率;Calculating a corresponding starting point search slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the starting point search step size, and calculating a corresponding ending point search slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the starting point search step size;
基于所述斜率确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间,具体包括:The determination of the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the slope specifically includes:
基于所述起点搜索斜率确定凝血开始时间,基于所述终点搜索斜率确定凝血结束时间。The coagulation start time is determined based on the starting point search slope, and the coagulation end time is determined based on the end point search slope.
血液凝固特性采样数据需要进行数据的预处理。预处理包括步长的计算。步长计算可以有很多种方法,包括但不限于通过曲线拟合抽象结果进行估计。步长值也可以通过预设值或预设值和曲线拟合结果的综合加权得出。本实施例对起点和结束采用不同的搜索步长,从而可以采用不同的斜率来分别判断凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间。起点搜索步长可以采用预设值,优选为两点,即每个血液凝固特性采样数据的起点搜索斜率优选为(第一血液凝固特性采样数据-两点后的血液凝固特性采样数据)/2。Blood coagulation characteristics sampling data requires data preprocessing. Pre-processing includes calculation of step size. There are many ways to calculate the step size, including but not limited to estimating by abstracting the results of curve fitting. The step value can also be obtained by a preset value or a comprehensive weighting of the preset value and the curve fitting result. In this embodiment, different search steps are used for the starting point and the ending, so that different slopes can be used to judge the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time, respectively. The starting point search step size can adopt a preset value, preferably two points, that is, the starting point search slope of each blood coagulation characteristic sampling data is preferably (first blood coagulation characteristic sampling data-two points of blood coagulation characteristic sampling data) / 2 .
在其中一个实施例中,所述起点搜索步长为预设值。In one embodiment, the starting search step size is a preset value.
在其中一个实施例中,所述终点搜索步长采用如下方式确定:In one embodiment, the end search step size is determined in the following manner:
使用多个拟合项数对所述血液凝固特性采样数据进行多次多项式曲线拟合得到多个以拟合项数为参数的拟合曲线;Performing a plurality of polynomial curve fittings on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data by using a plurality of fitting terms to obtain a plurality of fitting curves with the fitting terms as parameters;
根据所述凝血测试类型,从多个所述拟合曲线中选择符合预设选择规则的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线,将所述参考拟合曲线的拟合项数作为参考拟合项数;According to the type of coagulation test, a fitting curve that conforms to a preset selection rule is selected from a plurality of the fitting curves as a reference fitting curve, and the number of fitting terms of the reference fitting curve is used as the number of reference fitting terms ;
根据所述参考拟合项数计算所述终点搜索步长。Calculate the end search step size according to the number of reference fitting terms.
可以采用现有的多项式曲线拟合方式对血液凝固特性采样数据进行曲线拟合从而得到拟合曲线。拟合时尝试不同的拟合项数,然后根据选择规则确定出拟合项数,计算得到终点搜索步长。通过拟合项数求步长有多种方法,本实施例认为拟合项数与步长成正比关系,即终点搜索步长=参考拟合项数/预设值。The existing polynomial curve fitting method can be used to perform curve fitting on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data to obtain a fitted curve. When fitting, try different numbers of fitted items, and then determine the number of fitted items according to the selection rule, and calculate the end search step. There are multiple methods for obtaining the step size by the number of fitted items. In this embodiment, it is considered that the number of fitted items is proportional to the step size, that is, the end search step size = reference fit item number / preset value.
在其中一个实施例中,所述选择规则包括:In one embodiment, the selection rule includes:
如果所述凝血测试类型为活化部分凝血活酶时间测试、或活化凝血时间测试,则选择拟合误差最大的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线;If the type of coagulation test is an activated partial thromboplastin time test or an activated coagulation time test, a fitting curve with the largest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve;
如果所述凝血测试类型为凝血酶时间测试、或凝血酶原时间测试,则选择拟合误差最小的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线。If the type of the blood coagulation test is a thrombin time test or a prothrombin time test, a fitting curve with the smallest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve.
本实施例对于不同的凝血测试采用不同的拟合项数作为步长计 算依据,例如对于数据量较大的曲线如APTT/ACT使用拟合误差最大的拟合曲线的拟合项数计算得到终点搜索步长,因为拟合误差最大的拟合项数能够更大限度地反映曲线的趋势并消除噪音影响;对于数据量较小的曲线如TT/PT使用拟合误差最小的拟合曲线的拟合项数计算得到终点搜索步长,因为拟合误差最小的拟合项数能够更多地保留数据量较小的曲线的细节。This embodiment uses different numbers of fitting terms as the basis for calculating step sizes for different coagulation tests. For example, for curves with a large amount of data, such as APTT / ACT, the number of fitting terms of the fitting curve with the largest fitting error is used to calculate the endpoint. Search step size, because the number of fitting terms with the largest fitting error can reflect the trend of the curve to a greater extent and eliminate the influence of noise; for curves with a small amount of data, such as TT / PT, the fitting curve with the smallest fitting error is used. The number of combined terms is calculated to obtain the end search step, because the number of fitted terms with the smallest fitting error can retain more details of the curve with a smaller amount of data.
预处理后开始进行数据的二次分析,包括凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间的搜索。After the pretreatment, a second analysis of the data was started, including the search of the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time.
在其中一个实施例中,所述基于所述起点搜索斜率确定凝血开始时间,具体包括:In one embodiment, the determining the coagulation start time based on the starting point search slope specifically includes:
选择起点搜索斜率最大的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间作为凝血开始时间。The sampling time corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the largest search slope at the starting point is selected as the coagulation start time.
凝血开始时间搜索的主要依据是凝血曲线在低维空间表达的第一次曲线变化,例如低维空间测量斜率变化是最常用的一种依据,但是寻找凝血开始时间的方法包括但是不限于通过斜率的判断,包括任何其它基于低维空间特征得到的曲线变化点。本实施例对凝血开始时间搜索是基于起点搜索步长计算起点搜索斜率来确定凝血开始时间。起点搜索步长可以采用预设值,优选为两点,即每个血液凝固特性采样数据的起点搜索斜率优选为(第一血液凝固特性采样数据-两点后的血液凝固特性采样数据)/2。从图4a可以看出,在第二阶段血浆填充试剂槽时,其斜率持续增长,然后斜率增长到最高点后反向,该最高点对应的采样时间即为凝血开始时间。因此,本实施例采用起点搜索斜率最大的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间作为凝血开始时间。The main basis of coagulation start time search is the first curve change of the coagulation curve expressed in low-dimensional space. For example, the measurement of slope change in low-dimensional space is the most commonly used basis. , Including any other curve change points based on low-dimensional space features. In this embodiment, the blood coagulation start time is searched to calculate the starting point search slope based on the starting point search step to determine the blood coagulation start time. The starting point search step size can adopt a preset value, preferably two points, that is, the starting point search slope of each blood coagulation characteristic sampling data is preferably (first blood coagulation characteristic sampling data-two points of blood coagulation characteristic sampling data) / 2 . It can be seen from FIG. 4a that during the second stage when the plasma fills the reagent tank, the slope continues to increase, and then the slope increases to the highest point and then reverses. The sampling time corresponding to the highest point is the coagulation start time. Therefore, in this embodiment, the sampling time corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the largest starting point search slope is used as the coagulation start time.
在其中一个实施例中,所述基于所述终点搜索斜率确定凝血结束时间,具体包括:In one of the embodiments, the determining the coagulation end time based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
在所述凝血开始时间之后预设峰干扰时间段后,基于所述终点搜索斜率确定连续相同斜率时间段、或负斜率时间段;After presetting a peak interference time period after the coagulation start time, determining a continuous same slope time period or a negative slope time period based on the endpoint search slope;
以所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间、或所述负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间。The start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period is used as the clotting end time.
本实施例进行凝血结束时间的搜索,在这一步中凝血数据需要进行一次从高维空间到低维空间的特征提取,即通过对低维空间特征曲线斜率进行分析找到凝血结束时间。具体包括:In this embodiment, a search for the coagulation end time is performed. In this step, the coagulation data needs to be extracted once from the high-dimensional space to the low-dimensional space, that is, the coagulation end time is found by analyzing the slope of the low-dimensional space characteristic curve. This includes:
首先将凝血结束时间搜索起点后移。如图3所示,在第二阶段凝血开始之后,由于第三阶段和第四阶段曲线会形成一个曲线峰。峰的出现会干扰第五阶段凝血结束时间的寻找。因此,需要在峰干扰时间段后开始搜索凝血结束时间,避免峰干扰。峰干扰时间段可以采用不同凝血测试的预设值或预设值和曲线数据量的综合加权得出。接下来基于先前求得的步长在凝血结束时间搜索起点后计算血液凝固特性采样数据点的低维空间特征曲线斜率,即每个血液凝固特性采样数据的终点搜索斜率为(第一血液凝固特性采样数据-步长点后的血液凝固特性采样数据)/步长。First, search the starting point of the clotting end time and move it backward. As shown in Figure 3, after the start of the second stage of coagulation, a curve peak will be formed due to the third and fourth stage curves. The appearance of peaks can interfere with the search for the end of clotting in stage 5. Therefore, it is necessary to start searching for the clotting end time after the peak interference period to avoid peak interference. The peak interference time period can be obtained by using preset values for different coagulation tests or a combination of preset values and the amount of curve data. Next, based on the previously obtained step size, the low-dimensional spatial characteristic curve slope of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data points is calculated after the starting point of the blood clotting end time search, that is, the end search slope of each blood coagulation characteristic sampling data (the first blood coagulation characteristic Sampling data-blood coagulation characteristic sampling data after step point) / step size.
本发明提供的基于低维空间特征曲线斜率估计的血凝结束点有几种方法:1)恒定数据斜率:当数据变化在持续,但是数据斜率是恒定的。这表明数据曲线其实处于一种平稳状态,这个数据段和数据点就可能是凝血结束时间;2)零数据斜率:最低数据变化率是低维度特征变化最慢最低点,通常表明数据在这个时间窗口没有发生变化。这种变化的最常用的测量值是低维度特征的斜率,所以这时候斜率为零并且保持零斜率一段时间窗口的点,就是可能的凝血结束时间;3)基于1,2的平滑窗口的恒定数据变化率:对于噪声相对较大的数据段,虽然数据变化在低维空间呈现锯齿状,但其实这是一种数据稳定无变化的特征。也是一种可能的凝血结束时间;4)负数据斜率:在低维特征空间的数据变化负斜率,这表明数据变化的转折,这在实际中也是可能的凝血结束时间;5)最明显数据变化点:在某些实际凝血数据里,最明显的数据变化点,如斜率极值,可能表明凝血结束。在这一部分,可以根据经验值设置凝血结束点估计方法的优先级,也可以设置不同的算法跳出策略,在找到第一个可行度较高的凝血结束时间时候就跳出后续算法处理,这样以达到快速实时的要求。There are several methods for the hemagglutination end point based on the slope estimation of the low-dimensional space characteristic curve provided by the present invention: 1) Constant data slope: When the data change is continuous, but the data slope is constant. This indicates that the data curve is actually in a stable state. This data segment and data point may be the end time of coagulation; 2) Zero data slope: the lowest data change rate is the slowest and lowest point of low-dimensional feature changes, which usually indicates that the data is at this time. The window has not changed. The most common measurement of this change is the slope of the low-dimensional feature, so the point at which the slope is zero and the zero slope is maintained for a period of time is the possible clotting end time; 3) Constant based on a smooth window of 1, 2 Data change rate: For relatively noisy data segments, although the data changes appear jagged in low-dimensional space, this is actually a feature of data that is stable and unchanged. It is also a possible clotting end time; 4) Negative data slope: the negative slope of the data change in the low-dimensional feature space, which indicates a turning point in data change, which is also the possible clotting end time in practice; 5) the most obvious data change Point: In some actual coagulation data, the most obvious data change point, such as the extreme value of the slope, may indicate the end of coagulation. In this part, you can set the priority of the coagulation end point estimation method according to the empirical value, and you can also set different algorithms to jump out of the strategy. When you find the first coagulation end time with a higher feasibility, you can jump out of the subsequent algorithm processing, so as to achieve Fast real-time requirements.
因此,本实施例的凝血结束时间的寻找包括连续斜率点的寻找以及负斜率点的寻找。其中连续斜率点的寻找包括连续正斜率点的寻找 和连续零斜率点的寻找。连续斜率点可以被视为凝血结束时间,是因为凝固反应发生后红细胞运动停止,导致电阻变化趋于平稳。负斜率点可以被视为凝血结束时间,是因为当凝血发生后纤维蛋白发生交联反应形成网状结构,导致电阻升高,反映到斜率上为负斜率。Therefore, the search for the coagulation end time in this embodiment includes the search for continuous slope points and the search for negative slope points. The search for continuous slope points includes the search for continuous positive slope points and the search for continuous zero slope points. The continuous slope point can be regarded as the end time of coagulation, because the red blood cell movement stops after the coagulation reaction occurs, causing the resistance change to stabilize. The negative slope point can be regarded as the end time of coagulation, because fibrin cross-links to form a network structure after coagulation occurs, resulting in an increase in resistance, which is reflected in the slope as a negative slope.
在其中一个实施例中,所述基于所述终点搜索斜率确定连续相同斜率时间段,具体包括:In one of the embodiments, determining the continuous same slope time period based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
如果有连续多个终点搜索斜率一致且为正斜率的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到预设第一数量阈值,则将终点搜索斜率一致的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的时间段作为连续相同斜率时间段,或者;If there are multiple consecutive blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end point search slope and a positive slope, and the number reaches a preset first number threshold, the time period corresponding to the blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end-point search slope is regarded as the continuous same slope Time period, or
如果有连续多个终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到预设第二数量阈值,则将终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的时间段作为连续相同斜率时间段;If there are multiple consecutive blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with an end point search slope of zero, and the number reaches a preset second number threshold, the time period corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with an end point search slope of zero is taken as the continuous same slope time period ;
其中,所述终点搜索斜率一致,具体为:终点搜索斜率的差值在预设差值阈值范围内。Wherein, the endpoint search slopes are consistent, and specifically, the difference between the endpoint search slopes is within a preset difference threshold range.
具体来说,如有连续相同终点搜索斜率且为正斜率的点,且数量达到第一数量阈值,例如:50,则记录参数,停止连续相同斜率点搜索,如果出现了连续相同终点搜索斜率的点但数量小于第一数量阈值,则返回检查前面点的终点搜索斜率是否有少量波动,如果有的话可以忽略波动并计数,达到阈值停止搜索;如果没有的话清空计数继续向前搜索。Specifically, if there are consecutive points with the same end point search slope and a positive slope, and the number reaches the first number threshold, for example: 50, then the parameters are recorded, and continuous point search with the same end point is stopped. If the number of points is less than the threshold of the first number, return to check whether the search slope of the end point of the previous point has a small fluctuation. If there is any, you can ignore the fluctuation and count, and stop the search when the threshold is reached; if not, clear the count and continue searching forward.
而第二数量阈值则用于搜索连续多个终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据,由于终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据更能反映凝血结束,因此,第二数量阈值可以小于第一数量阈值,优选地,第一数量阈值为50,第二数量阈值为15。The second number threshold is used to search for consecutive blood samples with blood coagulation characteristics with a zero slope. Since the blood sample with blood coagulation characteristics with a zero end point search slope can better reflect the end of coagulation, the second number threshold can be less than The first number threshold, preferably, the first number threshold is 50, and the second number threshold is 15.
对于出现连续斜率的情况,如图4b和4c所示,凝血结束时间可以参考所记录参数,对应阈值以及步长共同得出。例如凝血结束时间参数=(所记录参数-阈值+步长),凝血结束时间为该参数对应时间,即连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间。For the case of continuous slope, as shown in Figures 4b and 4c, the coagulation end time can be obtained by referring to the recorded parameters, the corresponding threshold value and the step size. For example, the coagulation end time parameter = (recorded parameter-threshold value + step size), and the coagulation end time is the time corresponding to the parameter, that is, the start time of the continuous same slope time period.
对于负斜率情况,凝血结束时间为记录参数所对应时间,即负斜 率点出现的时间。For the case of negative slope, the end time of coagulation is the time corresponding to the recording parameter, that is, the time when the negative slope point appears.
在其中一个实施例中,所述选择所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间、或所述负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,具体包括:In one embodiment, the selecting a start time of the continuous same slope time period or a start time of the negative slope time period as the clotting end time specifically includes:
计算所述负斜率时间段的起始时间与所述凝血起始时间的第一差值,如果所述第一差值在预设第一时间范围内,则选择负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,否则;Calculate a first difference between the start time of the negative slope time period and the coagulation start time, and if the first difference is within a preset first time range, select the start time of the negative slope time period As the clotting end time, otherwise;
计算所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间与所述凝血起始时间的第二差值,如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围外,且所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间小于所述负斜率时间段的起始时间,则选择负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围外,且所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间大于所述负斜率时间段的起始时间,则选择连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,否则;Calculate a second difference between the start time of the continuous same slope time period and the coagulation start time, if the second difference is outside a preset second time range, and the If the start time is less than the start time of the negative slope time period, the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time. If the second difference value is outside a preset second time range, and The start time of the continuous same slope time period is greater than the start time of the negative slope time period, then the start time of the continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time, otherwise;
如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围内,则选择连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间。If the second difference value is within a preset second time range, a start time of a continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
本实施例对负斜率和相同斜率分别判断,以选择合适的凝血结束时间。由于终点搜索斜率为负的血液凝固特性采样数据更能反映凝血结束,因此,如图4d所示,当负斜率点出现时,记录出现的参数。In this embodiment, the negative slope and the same slope are judged separately to select an appropriate clotting end time. Because the end point search slope has negative blood coagulation characteristics, the sampling data can better reflect the end of coagulation. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4d, when the negative slope point appears, the parameters appearing are recorded.
如图5所示为本发明最佳实施例一种凝血时间判定方法的工作流程图,包括:FIG. 5 is a working flowchart of a method for determining a coagulation time according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, including:
步骤S501,读取包括血液凝固特性采样数据的txt文件,并设置参数;Step S501, reading a txt file including sampling data of blood coagulation characteristics, and setting parameters;
步骤S502,检查是否是新文件,如果是则执行步骤S503,否则给文件编号,重置时间,执行步骤S503;In step S502, it is checked whether the file is a new file. If so, step S503 is performed; otherwise, the file is numbered, the time is reset, and step S503 is performed;
步骤S503,用多项式拟合功能拟合曲线,尝试不同项数的多项式拟合,寻找拟合误差最大的拟合项数,然后用这个项数计算出终点搜索步长;Step S503, using a polynomial fitting function to fit the curve, try polynomial fitting with different numbers of terms, find the number of fitting terms with the largest fitting error, and then use this number of terms to calculate the end search step size;
步骤S504,通过计算每一血液凝固特性采样数据到两点后的血液凝固特性采样数据的斜率作为起点搜索斜率,起点搜索斜率最大的点 为凝血起始点。In step S504, the slope of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data after calculating the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data to two points is used as the starting point search slope, and the point with the largest starting point search slope is the coagulation starting point.
步骤S505,设置参数,清空变量为下一步做准备;Step S505, setting parameters, clearing variables to prepare for the next step;
步骤S506,将凝血结束时间搜索起始指数调后150,避免峰干扰;Step S506, adjusting the search start index of the clotting end time by 150 to avoid peak interference;
步骤S507,在凝血结束时间搜索起始指数位置开始,计算每一血液凝固特性采样数据到与终点搜索步长距离后的血液凝固特性采样数据的斜率作为终点搜索斜率;Step S507, starting at the search index index position at the coagulation end time, calculating the slope of each blood coagulation characteristic sampling data to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data after a distance from the end search step as the end search slope;
步骤S508,如有连续终点搜索斜率相同的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到50,则记录最后一个终点搜索斜率相同的血液凝固特性采样数据的采样时间为连续斜率时间,停止连续相同斜率点搜索。In step S508, if the continuous end point search has the same blood clotting characteristic sampling data and the number reaches 50, then the sampling time of the last end point search blood clotting characteristic sampling data with the same slope is recorded as the continuous slope time, and continuous continuous point search of the same slope is stopped. .
步骤S509,如果出现了连续终点搜索斜率相同的血液凝固特性采样数据,但数量在5-50间,返回检查前面血液凝固特性采样数据的终点搜索斜率是否有少量波动,如果有,则可以忽略波动并计数,达到阈值则记录最后一个终点搜索斜率相同的血液凝固特性采样数据的采样时间为连续斜率的结束时间,停止搜索,如果没有,则清空计数继续向前搜索;In step S509, if there are consecutive blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end point search slope, but the number is between 5-50, return to check whether there is a small fluctuation in the end point search slope of the previous blood coagulation characteristic sampling data, and if there is, you can ignore the fluctuation. Counting. When the threshold is reached, the last endpoint is recorded. The sampling time of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same search slope is the end time of the continuous slope. Stop the search. If not, clear the count and continue searching forward.
步骤S510,如果出现了连续终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到15,则记录最后一个终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据的采样时间为连续斜率结束时间,停止搜索;In step S510, if there is blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with a continuous endpoint search slope of zero and the number reaches 15, the sampling time of the last blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with a zero endpoint search slope of zero is recorded as the continuous slope end time, and the search is stopped. ;
步骤S511,如果出现了终点搜索斜率为负数的血液凝固特性采样数据,记录第一个出现终点搜索斜率为负数的血液凝固特性采样数据的采样时间为负斜率时间;Step S511, if blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with a negative end search slope appears, record the sampling time of the first blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with a negative end search slope appearing as a negative slope time;
步骤S512,基于连续斜率的起始时间和负斜率时间得出各通道的凝血时间;Step S512, obtaining the coagulation time of each channel based on the start time and the negative slope time of the continuous slope;
步骤S513,确定凝血时间值并对本次数据进行错误排查。例如通过上述数据分析筛选决定的最优凝血时间估计在经验允许的范围内,那么这个凝血时间将会显示给用户。但是如果通过上述数据分析筛选决定的最优凝血时间估计处于不正常的经验允许值范围之内,系统显示估计失败给用户。In step S513, the coagulation time value is determined and the data is checked for errors. For example, the optimal clotting time determined by the above data analysis and screening is estimated to be within the range allowed by experience, then this clotting time will be displayed to the user. However, if the optimal coagulation time estimated through the above data analysis and screening is within the range of abnormal empirical allowable values, the system displays that the estimation fails to the user.
如图6所示为本发明最佳实施例基于连续斜率时间和负斜率时间得出凝血时间的工作流程图,包括:As shown in FIG. 6, a working flowchart of coagulation time based on a continuous slope time and a negative slope time according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes:
步骤S601,计算负斜率时间-凝血开始时间,如果在(100,300)内,则以负斜率时间作为凝血结束时间,执行步骤S604,否则执行步骤S602,其中,100、300为数据点的数量,其适用数据一秒采集三个点,换算成时间为33秒、100秒;Step S601: Calculate the negative slope time-coagulation start time. If it is within (100, 300), use the negative slope time as the coagulation end time, and perform step S604, otherwise, perform step S602, where 100 and 300 are the number of data points. , Its applicable data is collected at three points per second, and converted into time of 33 seconds and 100 seconds;
步骤S602,计算连续斜率起始时间-凝血开始时间,如果在(100,300)内,则以连续斜率时间作为凝血结束时间,执行步骤S604,否则执行步骤S603;Step S602: Calculate the continuous slope start time-the coagulation start time. If it is within (100, 300), use the continuous slope time as the coagulation end time, and perform step S604; otherwise, perform step S603;
步骤S603,计算连续斜率时间-负斜率时间,如果小于或等于0,则以负斜率时间作为凝血结束时间,执行步骤S604,否则以连续斜率时间作为凝血结束时间,执行步骤S604;Step S603, calculating the continuous slope time-negative slope time, if it is less than or equal to 0, use the negative slope time as the clotting end time, and execute step S604; otherwise, use the continuous slope time as the clotting end time, and execute step S604;
步骤S604,显示凝血时间为凝血结束时间-凝血开始时间。In step S604, the coagulation time is displayed as the coagulation end time-the coagulation start time.
如图7所示为本发明一种电子设备1的硬件结构示意图,包括:FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device 1 according to the present invention, including:
至少一个处理器701;以及,At least one processor 701; and
与所述至少一个处理器701通信连接的存储器702;其中,A memory 702 communicatively connected to the at least one processor 701;
所述存储器702存储有可被所述一个处理器执行的指令,所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行,以使所述至少一个处理器能够:The memory 702 stores instructions executable by the one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor can:
获取凝血测试中随时间采样的多个血液凝固特性采样数据;Obtain multiple blood coagulation characteristics sampling data sampled over time in a coagulation test;
基于所述血液凝固特性采样数据确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间;Determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data;
根据凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间确定凝血时间。The coagulation time is determined based on the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time.
图7中以一个处理器702为例。A processor 702 is taken as an example in FIG. 7.
电子设备还可以包括:输入装置703和输出装置704。The electronic device may further include an input device 703 and an output device 704.
处理器701、存储器702、输入装置703及显示装置704可以通过总线或者其他方式连接,图中以通过总线连接为例。The processor 701, the memory 702, the input device 703, and the display device 704 may be connected through a bus or other methods. In the figure, connection through a bus is taken as an example.
处理器701可以是通用处理器(CPU),也可以是专用数字信号处理芯片(DSP),也可以是FPGA。The processor 701 may be a general-purpose processor (CPU), a dedicated digital signal processing chip (DSP), or an FPGA.
存储器702作为一种非易失性计算机可读存储介质,可用于存储非易失性软件程序、非易失性计算机可执行程序以及模块,如本申请实施例中的凝血时间判定方法对应的程序指令/模块,例如,图1、图5、图6所示的方法流程。处理器701通过运行存储在存储器702中 的非易失性软件程序、指令以及模块,从而执行各种功能应用以及数据处理,即实现上述实施例中的凝血时间判定方法。The memory 702 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs, and modules, such as programs corresponding to the coagulation time determination method in the embodiment of the present application. The instruction / module is, for example, the method flow shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6. The processor 701 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the non-volatile software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 702, that is, the coagulation time determination method in the above embodiment is implemented.
存储器702可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区,其中,存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需要的应用程序;存储数据区可存储根据凝血时间判定方法的使用所创建的数据,例如系统运算的中间结果和最后凝血数据等。此外,存储器702可以包括高速随机存取存储器,还可以包括非易失性存储器,例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他非易失性固态存储器件。在一些实施例中,存储器702可选包括相对于处理器701远程设置的存储器,这些远程存储器可以通过网络连接至执行凝血时间判定方法的装置。上述网络的实例包括但不限于互联网、企业内部网、局域网、移动通信网及其组合。The memory 702 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, where the storage program area may store an operating system and an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the coagulation time determination method, such as a system Intermediate results of the operation and final coagulation data. In addition, the memory 702 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may further include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 702 may optionally include a memory that is remotely set relative to the processor 701, and these remote memories may be connected to a device that performs a coagulation time determination method through a network. Examples of the above network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.
输入装置703可接收输入的用户点击,以及产生与凝血时间判定方法的用户设置以及功能控制有关的信号输入。显示装置704可包括显示屏等显示设备。The input device 703 can receive input user clicks, and generate signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the coagulation time determination method. The display device 704 may include a display device such as a display screen.
在所述一个或者多个模块存储在所述存储器702中,当被所述一个或者多个处理器701运行时,执行上述任意方法实施例中的凝血时间判定方法。The one or more modules are stored in the memory 702, and when executed by the one or more processors 701, the coagulation time determination method in any of the method embodiments described above is executed.
在其中一个实施例中,所述基于所述血液凝固特性采样数据确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间,具体包括:基于搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的斜率;In one embodiment, the determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data specifically includes: calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on a search step;
基于所述斜率确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间。The coagulation start time and the coagulation end time are determined based on the slope.
在其中一个实施例中,所述搜索步长包括起点搜索步长、以及终点搜索步长;In one embodiment, the search step includes a starting search step and an ending search step;
所述基于搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的斜率,具体包括:The step of calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the search step specifically includes:
基于所述起点搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的起点搜索斜率,基于所述终点搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的终点搜索斜率;Calculating a corresponding starting point search slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the starting point search step size, and calculating a corresponding ending point search slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the starting point search step size;
基于所述斜率确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间,具体包括:The determination of the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the slope specifically includes:
基于所述起点搜索斜率确定凝血开始时间,基于所述终点搜索斜 率确定凝血结束时间。The coagulation start time is determined based on the starting point search slope, and the coagulation end time is determined based on the end point search slope.
在其中一个实施例中,所述起点搜索步长为预设值。In one embodiment, the starting search step size is a preset value.
在其中一个实施例中,所述终点搜索步长采用如下方式确定:In one embodiment, the end search step size is determined in the following manner:
使用多个拟合项数对所述血液凝固特性采样数据进行多次多项式曲线拟合得到多个以拟合项数为参数的拟合曲线;Performing a plurality of polynomial curve fittings on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data by using a plurality of fitting terms to obtain a plurality of fitting curves with the fitting terms as parameters;
根据所述凝血测试类型,从多个所述拟合曲线中选择符合预设选择规则的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线,将所述参考拟合曲线的拟合项数作为参考拟合项数;According to the type of coagulation test, a fitting curve that conforms to a preset selection rule is selected from a plurality of the fitting curves as a reference fitting curve, and the number of fitting terms of the reference fitting curve is used as the number of reference fitting terms ;
根据所述参考拟合项数计算所述终点搜索步长。Calculate the end search step size according to the number of reference fitting terms.
在其中一个实施例中,所述选择规则包括:In one embodiment, the selection rule includes:
如果所述凝血测试类型为活化部分凝血活酶时间测试、或活化凝血时间测试,则选择拟合误差最大的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线;If the type of coagulation test is an activated partial thromboplastin time test or an activated coagulation time test, a fitting curve with the largest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve;
如果所述凝血测试类型为凝血酶时间测试、或凝血酶原时间测试,则选择拟合误差最小的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线。If the type of the blood coagulation test is a thrombin time test or a prothrombin time test, a fitting curve with the smallest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve.
在其中一个实施例中,所述基于所述起点搜索斜率确定凝血开始时间,具体包括:In one embodiment, the determining the coagulation start time based on the starting point search slope specifically includes:
选择起点搜索斜率最大的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间作为凝血开始时间。The sampling time corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the largest search slope at the starting point is selected as the coagulation start time.
在其中一个实施例中,所述基于所述终点搜索斜率确定凝血结束时间,具体包括:In one of the embodiments, the determining the coagulation end time based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
在所述凝血开始时间之后预设峰干扰时间段后,基于所述终点搜索斜率确定连续相同斜率时间段、或负斜率时间段;After presetting a peak interference time period after the coagulation start time, determining a continuous same slope time period or a negative slope time period based on the endpoint search slope;
选择所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间、或所述负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间。The start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
在其中一个实施例中,所述基于所述终点搜索斜率确定连续相同斜率时间段,具体包括:In one of the embodiments, determining the continuous same slope time period based on the endpoint search slope specifically includes:
如果有连续多个终点搜索斜率一致且为正斜率的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到预设第一数量阈值,则将终点搜索斜率一致的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间段作为连续相同斜率时间段, 或者;If there are multiple consecutive blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end point search slope and a positive slope, and the number reaches a preset first number threshold, the sampling time period corresponding to the blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end-point search slope is regarded as continuous and the same Slope time period, or
如果有连续多个终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到预设第二数量阈值,则将终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间段作为连续相同斜率时间段;If there are multiple consecutive blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the end point search slope of zero, and the number reaches a preset second number threshold, the sampling time period corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the end point search slope of zero is taken as the continuous same slope time segment;
其中,所述终点搜索斜率一致,具体为:终点搜索斜率的差值在预设差值阈值范围内。Wherein, the endpoint search slopes are consistent, and specifically, the difference between the endpoint search slopes is within a preset difference threshold range.
在其中一个实施例中,所述选择所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间、或所述负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,具体包括:In one embodiment, the selecting a start time of the continuous same slope time period or a start time of the negative slope time period as the clotting end time specifically includes:
计算所述负斜率时间段的起始时间与所述凝血起始时间的第一差值,如果所述第一差值在预设第一时间范围内,则选择负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,否则;Calculate a first difference between the start time of the negative slope time period and the coagulation start time, and if the first difference is within a preset first time range, select the start time of the negative slope time period As the clotting end time, otherwise;
计算所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间与所述凝血起始时间的第二差值,如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围外,且所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间小于所述负斜率时间段的起始时间,则选择负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围外,且所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间大于所述负斜率时间段的起始时间,则选择连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,否则;Calculate a second difference between the start time of the continuous same slope time period and the coagulation start time, if the second difference is outside a preset second time range, and the If the start time is less than the start time of the negative slope time period, the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time. If the second difference value is outside a preset second time range, and The start time of the continuous same slope time period is greater than the start time of the negative slope time period, then the start time of the continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time, otherwise;
如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围内,则选择连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间。If the second difference value is within a preset second time range, a start time of a continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
作为本发明最佳实施例,图8显示了一种从实时血液采集装置中采集并处理凝血数据的系统示意架构。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 shows a schematic architecture of a system for collecting and processing coagulation data from a real-time blood collection device.
系统包括如图7所示的电子设备1、以及可以记录凝血过程数据的实时血液数据特性分析记录仪2。这种分析记录仪也可以是离线记录数据仪器,系统使用移动或固定电源6供电。The system includes an electronic device 1 as shown in FIG. 7 and a real-time blood data characteristic analysis recorder 2 that can record coagulation process data. This analysis recorder can also be an offline data recording instrument, and the system is powered by a mobile or fixed power source 6.
图8所示系统可以实施一个实时并行历史数据分析模块3,这个模块用来提高具体样本的实时凝血估计的性能。并行历史数据分析模块可以是同一个病人的历史数据,也可以基于大样本的同类病人群体的历史数据。The system shown in FIG. 8 can implement a real-time parallel historical data analysis module 3, which is used to improve the performance of real-time coagulation estimation of a specific sample. The parallel historical data analysis module can be the historical data of the same patient, or it can be based on the historical data of a large sample of the same patient group.
图8所示系统可以实施一个无线物联网通信模块4与其它同类设备进行本地局域网通信,用来实施大规模大数据的凝血估计分析。这个无线物联网通信模块传输的数据可以输入实时并行历史数据分析模块供其综合分析。无线物联网通信模块也可以向上接入广域网的元计算或者云存储平台,由这些云端资源进行后台分析。The system shown in FIG. 8 can implement a wireless Internet of Things communication module 4 to perform local local area network communication with other similar devices to implement large-scale coagulation estimation analysis of big data. The data transmitted by this wireless IoT communication module can be input to the real-time parallel historical data analysis module for its comprehensive analysis. The wireless IoT communication module can also access the meta-computing or cloud storage platform of the wide area network, and perform background analysis from these cloud resources.
图8所示系统可以实施连接打印设备5,以打印实时中间数据和任何凝血数据。同样设计可以使用显示器来显示实时中间数据和任何凝血数据。The system shown in FIG. 8 can be implemented to connect a printing device 5 to print real-time intermediate data and any coagulation data. The same design can use a display to show real-time intermediate data and any coagulation data.
本发明提供一种存储介质,所述存储介质存储计算机指令,当计算机执行所述计算机指令时,用于执行如前所述的凝血时间判定方法的所有步骤。The present invention provides a storage medium that stores computer instructions, and when the computer executes the computer instructions, it is used to perform all steps of the method for determining a coagulation time as described above.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present invention, and their descriptions are more specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (19)

  1. 一种凝血时间判定方法,其特征在于,包括:A method for determining a coagulation time, comprising:
    获取凝血测试中随时间采样的多个血液凝固特性采样数据;Obtain multiple blood coagulation characteristics sampling data sampled over time in a coagulation test;
    基于所述血液凝固特性采样数据确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间;Determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data;
    根据凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间确定凝血时间。The coagulation time is determined based on the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的凝血时间判定方法,其特征在于,所述基于所述血液凝固特性采样数据确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间,具体包括:基于搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的斜率;The method for determining a coagulation time according to claim 1, wherein the determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data specifically comprises: based on a search step for each of the blood coagulation characteristics Sampling data to calculate the corresponding slope;
    基于所述斜率确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间。The coagulation start time and the coagulation end time are determined based on the slope.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的凝血时间判定方法,其特征在于,所述搜索步长包括起点搜索步长、以及终点搜索步长;The method for determining a coagulation time according to claim 2, wherein the search step size includes a start point search step size and an end point search step size;
    所述基于搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的斜率,具体包括:The step of calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the search step specifically includes:
    基于所述起点搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的起点搜索斜率,基于所述终点搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的终点搜索斜率;Calculating a corresponding starting point search slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the starting point search step size, and calculating a corresponding ending point search slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the starting point search step size;
    基于所述斜率确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间,具体包括:The determination of the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the slope specifically includes:
    基于所述起点搜索斜率确定凝血开始时间,基于所述终点搜索斜率确定凝血结束时间。The coagulation start time is determined based on the starting point search slope, and the coagulation end time is determined based on the end point search slope.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的凝血时间判定方法,其特征在于,所述终点搜索步长采用如下方式确定:The method for determining a coagulation time according to claim 3, wherein the step length of the end point search is determined in the following manner:
    使用多个拟合项数对所述血液凝固特性采样数据进行多次多项式曲线拟合得到多个以拟合项数为参数的拟合曲线;Performing a plurality of polynomial curve fittings on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data by using a plurality of fitting terms to obtain a plurality of fitting curves with the fitting terms as parameters;
    根据所述凝血测试类型,从多个所述拟合曲线中选择符合预设选择规则的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线,将所述参考拟合曲线的拟合项数作为参考拟合项数;According to the type of coagulation test, a fitting curve that conforms to a preset selection rule is selected from a plurality of the fitting curves as a reference fitting curve, and the number of fitting terms of the reference fitting curve is used as the number of reference fitting terms ;
    根据所述参考拟合项数计算所述终点搜索步长。Calculate the end search step size according to the number of reference fitting terms.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的凝血时间判定方法,其特征在于,所述选择规则包括:The method for determining a coagulation time according to claim 4, wherein the selection rule comprises:
    如果所述凝血测试类型为活化部分凝血活酶时间测试、或活化凝血时间测试,则选择拟合误差最大的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线;If the type of coagulation test is an activated partial thromboplastin time test or an activated coagulation time test, a fitting curve with the largest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve;
    如果所述凝血测试类型为凝血酶时间测试、或凝血酶原时间测试,则选择拟合误差最小的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线。If the type of the blood coagulation test is a thrombin time test or a prothrombin time test, a fitting curve with the smallest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve.
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的凝血时间判定方法,其特征在于,所述基于所述起点搜索斜率确定凝血开始时间,具体包括:The method for determining a coagulation time according to claim 3, wherein the determining the coagulation start time based on the starting point search slope specifically comprises:
    选择起点搜索斜率最大的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间作为凝血开始时间。The sampling time corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the largest search slope at the starting point is selected as the coagulation start time.
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的凝血时间判定方法,其特征在于,所述基于所述终点搜索斜率确定凝血结束时间,具体包括:The method for determining a coagulation time according to claim 3, wherein the determining the coagulation end time based on the endpoint search slope specifically comprises:
    在所述凝血开始时间之后预设峰干扰时间段后,基于所述终点搜索斜率确定连续相同斜率时间段、或负斜率时间段;After presetting a peak interference time period after the coagulation start time, determining a continuous same slope time period or a negative slope time period based on the endpoint search slope;
    选择所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间、或所述负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间。The start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的凝血时间判定方法,其特征在于,所述基于所述终点搜索斜率确定连续相同斜率时间段,具体包括:The method for determining a coagulation time according to claim 7, wherein determining the continuous same slope time period based on the endpoint search slope specifically comprises:
    如果有连续多个终点搜索斜率一致且为正斜率的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到预设第一数量阈值,则将终点搜索斜率一致的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间段作为连续相同斜率时间段,或者;If there are multiple consecutive blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end point search slope and a positive slope, and the number reaches a preset first number threshold, the sampling time period corresponding to the blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end-point search slope is regarded as continuous and the same Slope time period, or
    如果有连续多个终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到预设第二数量阈值,则将终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间段作为连续相同斜率时间段;If there are multiple consecutive blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the end point search slope of zero, and the number reaches a preset second number threshold, the sampling time period corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the end point search slope of zero is taken as the continuous same slope time segment;
    其中,所述终点搜索斜率一致,具体为:终点搜索斜率的差值在预设差值阈值范围内。Wherein, the endpoint search slopes are consistent, and specifically, the difference between the endpoint search slopes is within a preset difference threshold range.
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的凝血时间判定方法,其特征在于,所述选择所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间、或所述负斜率时间段 的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,具体包括:The method for determining a coagulation time according to claim 7, characterized in that said selecting a start time of said continuous same slope time period or a start time of said negative slope time period as said coagulation end time, specifically include:
    计算所述负斜率时间段的起始时间与所述凝血起始时间的第一差值,如果所述第一差值在预设第一时间范围内,则选择负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,否则;Calculate a first difference between the start time of the negative slope time period and the coagulation start time, and if the first difference is within a preset first time range, select the start time of the negative slope time period As the clotting end time, otherwise;
    计算所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间与所述凝血起始时间的第二差值,如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围外,且所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间小于所述负斜率时间段的起始时间,则选择负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围外,且所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间大于所述负斜率时间段的起始时间,则选择连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,否则;Calculate a second difference between the start time of the continuous same slope time period and the coagulation start time, if the second difference is outside a preset second time range, and the If the start time is less than the start time of the negative slope time period, the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time. If the second difference value is outside a preset second time range, and The start time of the continuous same slope time period is greater than the start time of the negative slope time period, then the start time of the continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time, otherwise;
    如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围内,则选择连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间。If the second difference value is within a preset second time range, a start time of a continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
  10. 一种电子设备,其特征在于,包括:An electronic device, comprising:
    至少一个处理器;以及,At least one processor; and
    与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器;其中,A memory connected in communication with the at least one processor; wherein,
    所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令,所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行,以使所述至少一个处理器能够:The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to:
    获取凝血测试中随时间采样的多个血液凝固特性采样数据;Obtain multiple blood coagulation characteristics sampling data sampled over time in a coagulation test;
    基于所述血液凝固特性采样数据确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间;Determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data;
    根据凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间确定凝血时间。The coagulation time is determined based on the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time.
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电子设备,其特征在于,所述基于所述血液凝固特性采样数据确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间,具体包括:基于搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的斜率;The electronic device according to claim 10, wherein the determining the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data specifically comprises: sampling data for each of the blood coagulation characteristics based on a search step. Calculate the corresponding slope;
    基于所述斜率确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间。The coagulation start time and the coagulation end time are determined based on the slope.
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的电子设备,其特征在于,所述搜索步长包括起点搜索步长、以及终点搜索步长;The electronic device according to claim 10, wherein the search step size includes a start search step size and an end search step size;
    所述基于搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应 的斜率,具体包括:The step of calculating a corresponding slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the search step includes:
    基于所述起点搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的起点搜索斜率,基于所述终点搜索步长对每个所述血液凝固特性采样数据计算对应的终点搜索斜率;Calculating a corresponding starting point search slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the starting point search step size, and calculating a corresponding ending point search slope for each of the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data based on the starting point search step size;
    基于所述斜率确定凝血开始时间和凝血结束时间,具体包括:The determination of the coagulation start time and the coagulation end time based on the slope specifically includes:
    基于所述起点搜索斜率确定凝血开始时间,基于所述终点搜索斜率确定凝血结束时间。The coagulation start time is determined based on the starting point search slope, and the coagulation end time is determined based on the end point search slope.
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电子设备,其特征在于,所述终点搜索步长采用如下方式确定:The electronic device according to claim 12, wherein the end search step size is determined in the following manner:
    使用多个拟合项数对所述血液凝固特性采样数据进行多次多项式曲线拟合得到多个以拟合项数为参数的拟合曲线;Performing a plurality of polynomial curve fittings on the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data by using a plurality of fitting terms to obtain a plurality of fitting curves with the fitting terms as parameters;
    根据所述凝血测试类型,从多个所述拟合曲线中选择符合预设选择规则的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线,将所述参考拟合曲线的拟合项数作为参考拟合项数;According to the type of coagulation test, a fitting curve that conforms to a preset selection rule is selected from a plurality of the fitting curves as a reference fitting curve, and the number of fitting terms of the reference fitting curve is used as the number of reference fitting terms ;
    根据所述参考拟合项数计算所述终点搜索步长。Calculate the end search step size according to the number of reference fitting terms.
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电子设备,其特征在于,所述选择规则包括:The electronic device according to claim 13, wherein the selection rule comprises:
    如果所述凝血测试类型为活化部分凝血活酶时间测试、或活化凝血时间测试,则选择拟合误差最大的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线;If the type of coagulation test is an activated partial thromboplastin time test or an activated coagulation time test, a fitting curve with the largest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve;
    如果所述凝血测试类型为凝血酶时间测试、或凝血酶原时间测试,则选择拟合误差最小的拟合曲线作为参考拟合曲线。If the type of the blood coagulation test is a thrombin time test or a prothrombin time test, a fitting curve with the smallest fitting error is selected as a reference fitting curve.
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的电子设备,其特征在于,所述基于所述起点搜索斜率确定凝血开始时间,具体包括:The electronic device according to claim 12, wherein the determining the blood coagulation start time based on the starting point search slope specifically comprises:
    选择起点搜索斜率最大的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间作为凝血开始时间。The sampling time corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the largest search slope at the starting point is selected as the coagulation start time.
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的电子设备,其特征在于,所述基于所述终点搜索斜率确定凝血结束时间,具体包括:The electronic device according to claim 12, wherein the determining the coagulation end time based on the endpoint search slope specifically comprises:
    在所述凝血开始时间之后预设峰干扰时间段后,基于所述终点搜索斜率确定连续相同斜率时间段、或负斜率时间段;After presetting a peak interference time period after the coagulation start time, determining a continuous same slope time period or a negative slope time period based on the endpoint search slope;
    选择所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间、或所述负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间。The start time of the continuous same slope time period or the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电子设备,其特征在于,所述基于所述终点搜索斜率确定连续相同斜率时间段,具体包括:The electronic device according to claim 16, wherein the determining the continuous same slope time period based on the endpoint search slope specifically comprises:
    如果有连续多个终点搜索斜率一致且为正斜率的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到预设第一数量阈值,则将终点搜索斜率一致的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间段作为连续相同斜率时间段,或者;If there are multiple consecutive blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end point search slope and a positive slope, and the number reaches a preset first number threshold, the sampling time period corresponding to the blood-coagulation characteristic sampling data with the same end-point search slope is regarded as continuous and the same Slope time period, or
    如果有连续多个终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据,且数量达到预设第二数量阈值,则将终点搜索斜率为零的血液凝固特性采样数据对应的采样时间段作为连续相同斜率时间段;If there are multiple consecutive blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the end point search slope of zero, and the number reaches a preset second number threshold, the sampling time period corresponding to the blood coagulation characteristic sampling data with the end point search slope of zero is taken as the continuous same slope time segment;
    其中,所述终点搜索斜率一致,具体为:终点搜索斜率的差值在预设差值阈值范围内。Wherein, the endpoint search slopes are consistent, and specifically, the difference between the endpoint search slopes is within a preset difference threshold range.
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的电子设备,其特征在于,所述选择所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间、或所述负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,具体包括:The electronic device according to claim 16, wherein the selecting a start time of the continuous same slope time period or a start time of the negative slope time period as the clotting end time specifically comprises:
    计算所述负斜率时间段的起始时间与所述凝血起始时间的第一差值,如果所述第一差值在预设第一时间范围内,则选择负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,否则;Calculate a first difference between the start time of the negative slope time period and the coagulation start time, and if the first difference is within a preset first time range, select the start time of the negative slope time period As the clotting end time, otherwise;
    计算所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间与所述凝血起始时间的第二差值,如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围外,且所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间小于所述负斜率时间段的起始时间,则选择负斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围外,且所述连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间大于所述负斜率时间段的起始时间,则选择连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间,否则;Calculate a second difference between the start time of the continuous same slope time period and the coagulation start time, if the second difference is outside a preset second time range, and the If the start time is less than the start time of the negative slope time period, the start time of the negative slope time period is selected as the clotting end time. If the second difference value is outside a preset second time range, and The start time of the continuous same slope time period is greater than the start time of the negative slope time period, then the start time of the continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time, otherwise;
    如果所述第二差值在预设第二时间范围内,则选择连续相同斜率时间段的起始时间作为所述凝血结束时间。If the second difference value is within a preset second time range, a start time of a continuous same slope time period is selected as the clotting end time.
  19. 一种存储介质,其特征在于,所述存储介质存储计算机指令,当计算机执行所述计算机指令时,用于执行如权利要求1~9任 一项所述的凝血时间判定方法的所有步骤。A storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer executes the computer instructions, the storage medium is configured to execute all steps of the coagulation time determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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