WO2019223710A1 - 一种以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法 - Google Patents
一种以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019223710A1 WO2019223710A1 PCT/CN2019/087919 CN2019087919W WO2019223710A1 WO 2019223710 A1 WO2019223710 A1 WO 2019223710A1 CN 2019087919 W CN2019087919 W CN 2019087919W WO 2019223710 A1 WO2019223710 A1 WO 2019223710A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
- C12P7/08—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/74—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
- C07C29/76—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment
- C07C29/80—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment by distillation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
- C12P7/14—Multiple stages of fermentation; Multiple types of microorganisms or re-use of microorganisms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P2201/00—Pretreatment of cellulosic or lignocellulosic material for subsequent enzymatic treatment or hydrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of ethanol production, in particular to a method for producing fuel ethanol by using date plant as a raw material.
- ethanol As a food and chemical raw material, ethanol has always been the leading product in the fermentation industry. For a long time, ethanol has been produced by microbial fermentation, and the raw materials are mostly crops such as corn, wheat, sweet sorghum, cassava, and sweet potatoes.
- application number 201410662601.9 discloses a method for preparing ethanol, comprising: pulverizing a starch raw material to form a large granular starchy raw material; adding water and a high temperature resistant amylase to the large granular starchy raw material and mixing and stirring to form a first mash Performing a gelatinization treatment on the first mash, to form a second mash; a liquefaction treatment; a saccharification treatment on the second mash, after the liquefaction, to form a third mash; Liquid for fermentation.
- the viscosity of the starchy raw material mash can be controlled within a process-acceptable range when the starchy raw material having a larger granularity is used.
- the viscosity and liquid saccharification effect of the large-sized starchy mash is well controlled, it effectively solves the transportation difficulties and incomplete liquid saccharification that occur in the prior art when large-sized starchy mash is used for ethanol production. Problems, further reducing energy consumption in the production process.
- corn stalks are used as raw materials to produce ethanol.
- Tianjin University registered the application number 201711404719.1 in 2017 (the name of the invention is the process of making ethanol from corn stalks), but its conversion rate It is relatively low, there is a problem of equipment corrosion, and the possibility of industrialization is relatively weak at present.
- the basic national conditions of China with a large population and small cultivated land seriously restrict the large-scale development of the industrial production of fuel ethanol from starchy materials such as corn, wheat and cassava.
- the production of fuel ethanol using corn and other grains as raw materials is not sustainable because it competes with humans and livestock for food.
- the "National Renewable Energy Medium and Long-Term Development Plan” proposes that biofuel ethanol and ethanol gasoline for vehicles will reach the development target of 10 million tons per year by 2020.
- Elaeagnusangustifolia L.
- alias Silver Willow (Golden Willow), Guizhou Willow (Henan), Silver Willow (Liaoning), etc.
- This tree species grows in semi-arid, arid, semi-desert, desert areas, and is distributed in China's northwest desert, semi-desert region, North China, Shandong, and Northeast China.
- it is known as the "treasure tree" of deserts and saline-alkali lands.
- the whole body of P. eutropha is treasured: the leaf contains 4% protein, crude fat 2.4%, and sugar 15.7%. It is a high-quality feed.
- the jujube pulp powder contains 6.76 to 7.94% of crude protein, 1.34% of crude fat, and 43 to 59% of sugar. It can be used for non-staple food processing and can also replace grain.
- the Chinese jujube flower is fragrant and fragrant, can extract aromatic oil, and is a good source of honey.
- Rhizobium has root nodule bacteria, which can fix nitrogen and improve soil.
- the oil content of the seed kernels of P. jujube is 20.69%, which can be used to produce clean fuel (biodiesel); P. jujube trees can be used to build P.
- P. jujube economic forests, shelter forests, and can be cultivated into scenic forests to green and beautify cities.
- the sugar, protein and vitamins contained in P. jujube fruit can meet the needs of yeast growth and fermentation, so in theory P. jujube is a very good Raw materials for the production of fuel ethanol fermentation.
- the invention provides a method for producing fuel ethanol by using jujube as a raw material.
- the jujube is denucleated, and the pulp is added with process water with a pH of 3.5 to 5.0 to obtain jujube pulp; the jujube pulp is liquefied or solid-liquid separated; the clear liquid mash enters the fermentation tank, antibiotics are added, and the wine mother or active dry yeast is added; fermentation To obtain a fermented mature mash; the mature mash is distilled, dehydrated, and condensed to obtain an ethanol liquid, and a denaturant is added to obtain a finished fuel ethanol.
- a method for producing fuel ethanol by using jujube as raw material includes the following steps:
- Pre-treatment remove impurities and fruit cores from the jujube, and add process water with a pH of 3.5 to 5.0 to obtain the jujube pulp; control the mass concentration of the jujube pulp to 15-30%, and reduce the sugar content 15-20%;
- the liquefaction treatment includes cooking the jujube pulp, and the liquefaction treatment refers to a process of dissolving the sugar contained in the date from a solid sugar to a liquid sugar;
- the cooking process is: jujube pulp is heated to 85-105 ° C through a multi-stage ejector, and sent to a cooking tank for cooking and holding for 30-180min; jujube pulp mash liquid is cooled by a heat exchanger to mash liquid to 20-35 ° C ;
- the liquefaction treatment includes enzymolysis and cooking of jujube pulp by adding a pectinase-reducing enzyme such as pectinase.
- a pectinase-reducing enzyme such as pectinase.
- the process is as follows: the jujube pulp is preheated to 30-60 ° C through a first-stage ejector and added at a ratio of 0.05-0.1%.
- Pectinase is kept for 1 to 2 hours, then the jujube pulp is heated to 85-105 ° C through a multi-stage ejector, and sent to a cooking tank for cooking and holding for 30 to 180 minutes to obtain jujube pulp mash; the jujube pulp mash is heat-exchanged The device cools the mash to 20 ⁇ 35 °C;
- the jujube pulp can be preheated by using one-time steam preheating, or by using the waste heat recovered from the mash cooling process to perform heat exchange preheating or using the waste heat recovered from the distillation dehydration section to perform preheating;
- Fermentation The juice of jujube pulp directly enters the fermentation tank. In the tank, yeast is added, and fermentation produces alcohol. The fermentation process passes sterile air to maintain the vitality of the yeast and obtain mature mash.
- the fermentation time of the mash in the fermentation tank is 36 to 60 hours; the alcohol content of the fermented mature mash has reached 7 to 11% (v / v); heat will be released during the fermentation process, and the fermentation temperature is guaranteed by cooling outside the tank Stability; fermentation temperature is 28 ⁇ 35 °C; fermentation tank adopts vertical mixer;
- the fermentation time of the mash in the fermentation tank is 36 to 48 hours;
- the anhydrous raw materials are sent to the molecular sieve system after preheating, and then dewatered through the molecular sieve bed after the evaporator and superheater to obtain fuel ethanol wine gas. After cooling, the fuel ethanol wine gas is 99.5% fuel ethanol;
- the whole process of the present invention adopts waste heat recovery technology to recover waste waste heat in the distillation and dehydration stages for preheating anhydrous raw materials or heating mash or mature mash.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing fuel ethanol by using date plants as raw materials, including the following steps: pretreatment of date plants, beating, liquefaction treatment, fermentation, distillation and dehydration of ethanol.
- a method for producing fuel ethanol by using jujube as raw material includes the following steps:
- Pre-treatment remove impurities and fruit cores from D. jujuba, and add process water with pH 3.5-5.0 to beat to obtain jujube pulp. Control the mass concentration of jujube pulp to 15-30% and reduce the sugar content 15-20%. Jujube pulp in this range can be directly applied to raw material fermentation without adding amylase and saccharifying enzyme for liquid saccharification in the subsequent fermentation stage, which simplifies the steps and reduces the cost;
- the solid-liquid separation refers to a process of separating insoluble matter such as rinds, fibers, and the like from mash;
- the solid-liquid separation is a step of beating, grinding, washing, and separating treatment
- the solid-liquid separation is a plurality of processing steps such as beating, grinding, washing, and separating;
- the solid-liquid separation refers to a treatment process in which multiple steps of grinding, washing, and separation are performed using a filter press and / or a butterfly centrifuge and / or a double cone centrifuge and / or a decanter centrifuge. ;
- the liquefaction treatment includes enzymolysis and cooking of jujube pulp by adding a pectinase-reducing enzyme such as pectinase.
- a pectinase-reducing enzyme such as pectinase.
- the process is as follows: the jujube pulp is preheated to 30-60 ° C through a first-stage ejector and added at a ratio of 0.05-0.1%.
- Pectinase is kept for 1 to 2 hours, then the jujube pulp is heated to 85-105 ° C through a multi-stage ejector, and sent to a cooking tank for cooking and holding for 30 to 180 minutes to obtain jujube pulp mash; the jujube pulp mash is heat-exchanged The device cools the mash to 20 ⁇ 35 °C;
- the liquefaction treatment further includes enzymatic hydrolysis and cooking of jujube pulp by adding pectinase and other viscosity-reducing enzymes, solid-liquid separation, and multi-effect evaporation and concentration.
- the process is as follows: the jujube pulp is preheated to 30 ⁇ Add pectinase at 60 °C, 0.05 ⁇ 0.1%, keep it for 1 ⁇ 2 hours, then heat the date pulp to 85 ⁇ 105 °C through a multi-stage ejector, and send it to the cooking tank for cooking and heat preservation for 30 ⁇ 180min. Grind, wash, and separate multiple times, collect the supernatant, and perform multi-effect evaporation and concentration. The concentrated supernatant is directly sent to the fermentation tank. After separation, the solid is composted or dried to produce feed;
- the jujube pulp can be preheated by using one-time steam preheating, or by using the waste heat recovered from the mash cooling process to perform preheating or reheating by using the waste heat recovered from the distillation dehydration section;
- the multi-effect evaporation and concentration refers to the evaporation and concentration of the clear liquid by a multi-effect evaporator with one effect or more;
- Fermentation The jujube pulp decoction directly enters the fermentation tank. In the tank, yeast is added to produce mature mash, and sterile air is passed into the fermentation process to maintain the vitality of the yeast;
- the anhydrous raw materials are sent to the molecular sieve system after preheating, and then dewatered through the molecular sieve bed after the evaporator and superheater to obtain fuel ethanol wine gas. After cooling, the fuel ethanol wine gas is 99.5% fuel ethanol;
- the whole process of the present invention adopts waste heat recovery technology to recover waste waste heat in the distillation and dehydration stages for preheating anhydrous raw materials or heating mash or mature mash.
- the present invention has the following advantages and effects:
- the sugar content of date is very high, and it is easy to be used by yeast. At the same time, the rich content of protein, vitamins and mineral elements of P. jujuba is beneficial to the fermentation and growth of yeast.
- the process does not need to add amylase and saccharifying enzyme for liquid saccharification. It can also directly apply raw material fermentation technology, which saves energy and simplifies the production process.
- the use of differential pressure distillation technology, waste heat recovery technology, and tritium heat exchange technology, combined with high alcohol content fermentation, can greatly reduce energy consumption, and can make the overall steam consumption less than 3.0 tons / ton of alcohol. It is 15-30% lower than the current fuel ethanol based on starch.
- the present invention has no special requirements on the date plant as a raw material, which can effectively widen the use of date plant and make full use of the date plant resources.
- solid-liquid treatment is a process of separating insolubles such as jujube skin and fibers from jujube pulp. Since jujube peel and fibers in jujube pulp still contain 5-10% sugar, the solid Liquid separation adopts multiple grinding, washing, and separation to soften the jujube skin and fibers in the jujube pulp to reduce the residue of sugar in the insoluble solids, so that the sugar is fully released, and the peels and fibers of the date plant are abraded in the distillation section. Blocking equipment.
- the liquefaction treatment section in the process of the present invention uses the addition of pectinase and other viscosity-reducing enzymes, followed by cooking treatment, solid-liquid separation, multi-effect evaporation and concentration, because the jujube skin and fibers in the jujube pulp still carry 5-10%.
- the sugar content can be softened by cooking, the solid sugar state can be dissolved into a liquid sugar state, and the sugar content can be fully released.
- the addition of pectinase can reduce the viscosity of jujube pulp and reduce the sugar content in insoluble solids.
- the residue of sugar makes full release of sugar, and also avoids the problem of sharp increase in energy consumption in the fermentation and distillation section due to the poor viscosity and fluidity of jujube pulp.
- the sugar yield in the date can be increased by 5-9%, which greatly improves the utilization rate of raw materials and reduces the cost of raw material consumption.
- the sugar alcohol conversion rate and production efficiency of the method of the present invention are basically consistent with the fermentation with starch such as corn. Under the premise of not consuming food resources, a new biological resource is used to produce bioenergy and broaden Source of raw materials for bioenergy.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of Embodiment 1 of a process for producing fuel ethanol by using date plant as a raw material;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of Embodiment 2 of a process for producing fuel ethanol by using date of the fern;
- FIG. 3 is a process flow chart of Embodiment 1 of a process for producing fuel ethanol by using date plant as a raw material;
- Embodiment 4 is a process flow chart of Embodiment 2 of a process for producing fuel ethanol by using date plant as a raw material;
- Embodiment 5 is a process flow chart of Embodiment 3 of a process for producing fuel ethanol by using date plant as a raw material;
- FIG. 6 is a process flow chart of Embodiment 4 of a process for producing fuel ethanol by fermenting date plants
- FIG. 7 is a simplified flowchart of Embodiment 5 of a process for producing fuel ethanol by fermenting date plants;
- Fig. 8 is a process flow chart of Embodiment 5 of a process for producing fuel ethanol by using date plant as a raw material.
- the slurry is pumped to the spray liquefier, and the discharge temperature of the steam ejector is controlled to be 95-105 ° C to obtain heated mash.
- the heated mash is sent to a cooking column for cooking. After ripening the mash, the temperature was reduced to 60 to 65 ° C. to obtain liquefied mash.
- the liquefied mash is adjusted in the saccharification tank (equipped with a stirrer) with sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value, and then the saccharifying enzyme is added for saccharification.
- the saccharified mash is pumped by a pump through a two-stage plate cooler to be gradually cooled, and cooled to 28-33 ° C. Transfer to fermentation section.
- the fermentation section adopts intermittent fermentation. Yeast is added to the yeast from the mother's tank. The fermentation time is 60 hours and the temperature is 33 ° C. After the fermentation is over, the resulting fermented mash is sent to the distillation and dehydration section.
- the alcohol vapor (95.8% V / V) is obtained; the waste is sent to the waste residue treatment section; the alcohol vapor is sent to the molecular sieve dehydration section to obtain the anhydrous ethanol product steam.
- the anhydrous ethanol product steam is condensed to obtain 43.0kg fuel ethanol product; product mass fraction is 99.5%, water content is less than 0.5%, and meets the national standard GB18350-2013 for denatured fuel ethanol.
- the waste mash obtained after distillation is subjected to solid-liquid separation treatment.
- the separated clear liquid is reused as water for the liquid chemical industry.
- the rest is sent to an evaporation and concentration device to produce a thick slurry.
- the thick slurry and solid residue are mixed, dried, pelletized, and cooled to obtain DDGS feed with less than 11.5% moisture.
- the total steam consumption of the whole section is 3.9-4.0 tons / ton of fuel ethanol (including the comprehensive treatment section of waste residue).
- Example 1 the process for producing fuel ethanol by using date plant as raw material is as follows:
- the jujube pulp is heated to 85-100 ° C through a multi-stage ejector, and sent to a cooking tank for cooking and holding for 50-90min; the jujube mash liquid is cooled by a heat exchanger to 28-35 ° C;
- the jujube slurry mash directly enters the fermentation tank, is connected with yeast, and is stirred and fermented at 30-34 ° C for 36-40 hours; in the tank, yeast is used to ferment alcohol to produce alcohol, and sterile air is passed into the fermentation process to maintain the vitality of the yeast.
- yeast is used to ferment alcohol to produce alcohol
- sterile air is passed into the fermentation process to maintain the vitality of the yeast.
- the liquid residual sugar concentration is lower than 0.5%, the fermentation is terminated to obtain a fermented mature mash.
- the mature mash is preheated to above 70 ° C and then sent to the distillation system. After differential pressure distillation, 95% volume alcohol is extracted from the liquid phase of the rectification tower as an anhydrous raw material;
- the anhydrous raw materials are sent to the molecular sieve system after preheating, and then dewatered through the molecular sieve bed after the evaporator and superheater to obtain fuel ethanol wine gas.
- the fuel ethanol wine gas is 9.04kg fuel ethanol with a mass fraction of 99.5%;
- the waste heat generated during the cooling of fuel ethanol alcohol gas is recovered.
- the recovered waste heat can be used to preheat anhydrous raw materials to realize heat recovery and reduce costs; the steam consumption in the distillation and dehydration section is 1.4 ⁇ 1.6 tons / ton of fuel ethanol.
- the waste sludge discharged from the distillation dehydration system is subjected to solid-liquid separation, evaporation and concentration, and part of the waste water is reused for intermediate water.
- Dry distillers grains are used to produce DDG or mixed with liquid distillers grains to produce DDGS.
- the total steam consumption of the whole section is 3.4 to 3.6 tons / ton of fuel ethanol (including the integrated waste treatment section).
- the process is similar to the fuel ethanol process using starch as raw material, and the process technology is reliable.
- the process of cooking and sterilization does not require the addition of amylase and saccharifying enzyme, which saves production costs.
- Example 2 the process for producing fuel ethanol by using date plant as raw material is as follows:
- the jujube pulp is separated by solid-liquid, and the clear liquid mash is sent directly to the fermentation tank; after separation, the solid is composted or dried to produce feed;
- the clear liquid mash is directly entered into the fermentation tank, the yeast is added, the bacteriostatic agent is added, and the fermentation is stirred at 30 to 34 ° C for 36 to 40 hours.
- yeast is used to ferment alcohol to produce alcohol.
- the fermentation process is passed into sterile air to maintain Yeast vigor. Fermentation is terminated when the residual sugar concentration in the mash is less than 0.5% to obtain a mature fermented mash.
- the mature mash is preheated to above 70 ° C and then sent to the distillation workshop. After differential pressure distillation, 95% by volume of alcohol is extracted from the liquid phase of the rectification tower as an anhydrous raw material;
- Anhydrous raw materials are sent to the molecular sieve system after preheating, and then dewatered through the molecular sieve bed after the evaporator and superheater to obtain fuel ethanol wine gas. After cooling the fuel ethanol wine gas, 7.85 kg of fuel ethanol with a mass fraction of 99.5% is obtained. During the cooling of wine gas, the waste heat generated during the cooling of fuel ethanol wine gas is recovered. The recovered waste heat can be used to preheat anhydrous raw materials to achieve heat recovery and reduce costs;
- the waste sludge discharged from the distillation dehydration system is subjected to solid-liquid separation, evaporation and concentration, and part of the waste water is reused for intermediate water.
- Dry distillers grains are used to produce DDG or mixed with liquid distillers grains to produce DDGS.
- the date raw material contains higher sugars that can be directly fermented. Therefore, the raw material fermentation method is used to separate solid-liquid from the date juice, and then the fermentation is performed according to the clear liquid fermentation process.
- the advantage of the process of this embodiment is that the mash does not need to be cooked, and the liquid fermentation process is used. Therefore, the process is simple.
- the steam consumption of fuel ethanol is less than 3.0 tons / ton of alcohol, and the overall steam consumption is even lower than that of traditional corn.
- the level of steam consumption for fuel ethanol production is lower than the cost of fuel ethanol produced from corn and cassava.
- Example 3 the process for producing fuel ethanol by using date plant as raw material is as follows:
- the jujube pulp is preheated to 30-60 ° C through a first-stage sprayer, and pectinase is added at a rate of 0.05-0.1%, and it is kept for 1 to 2 hours. Then, the jujube pulp is heated to 85-100 ° C through a multi-stage sprayer and sent to The cooking tank is heated for 30 to 180 minutes.
- the jujube pulp mash and the preheated jujube pulp are heat exchanged, the jujube pulp is preheated, and then the jujube pulp mash is cooled to 20 to 35 by a cooling water heat exchanger. °C
- the jujube pulp mash directly enters the fermentation tank, connects to the yeast, and ferments for 36 to 40 hours.
- yeast is used to ferment alcohol to produce alcohol.
- Sterile air is passed into the fermentation process to maintain the vitality of the yeast.
- the final alcohol content of fermentation is 11 to 14% (V / V), the residual sugar concentration is lower than 0.5%, and mature mash is obtained;
- the mature mash is preheated to above 70 ° C and sent to the distillation workshop. After differential pressure distillation, 95% volume alcohol is extracted from the liquid phase of the rectification tower as an anhydrous raw material;
- Anhydrous raw materials are sent to the molecular sieve system after preheating, and then dewatered through the molecular sieve bed after the evaporator and superheater to obtain fuel ethanol wine gas.
- the fuel ethanol wine gas is 54kg with a mass fraction of 99.5% fuel ethanol.
- the waste heat generated during the cooling of fuel ethanol wine gas is recovered. The recovered waste heat can be used to preheat subsequent anhydrous raw materials to achieve heat recovery and reduce costs;
- the waste sludge discharged from the distillation dehydration system is subjected to solid-liquid separation, evaporation and concentration, and part of the waste water is reused for intermediate water.
- Dry distillers grains are used to produce DDG or mixed with liquid distillers grains to produce DDGS.
- the advantage of the process of this embodiment is that the jujube pulp is subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis to perform full-material fermentation, which can well solve the problem of the fluidity of the mash, it is not easy to block the pipeline, the sugar in the raw material is completely released, and the sugar alcohol conversion rate is high. The sugar alcohol conversion is greater than 45%. After the cooking enzyme treatment, the sugar yield in the date was increased by 2.5-4.0% compared with Example 1 when the sugar content of the fermented mash was maintained above 16%.
- Example 4 the process of producing fuel ethanol by using date plant as raw material is as follows:
- Jujube pulp undergoes three solid-liquid separation treatments (as shown in Figure 6) including beating, washing, and separation.
- the clear liquid is collected and concentrated by multi-effect evaporation.
- the waste heat recovered in the distillation dehydration section is used for pre-processing. Heat, preheat and enter the multi-effect evaporator for evaporation and concentration; the concentrated mash solution is sent directly to the fermentation tank; the separated solids are composted or dried to produce feed;
- the clarified liquid directly enters the fermentation tank, connects with the yeast, adds the bacteriostatic agent, and ferments for 36 to 40 hours.
- yeast is used to ferment alcohol to produce alcohol, and sterile air is passed into the fermentation process to maintain the vitality of the yeast. 8-9% (V / V), the residual sugar concentration is less than 0.5%, and mature mash is obtained;
- the mature mash is preheated to above 70 ° C and sent to the distillation workshop. After differential pressure distillation, 95% volume alcohol is extracted from the liquid phase of the rectification tower as an anhydrous raw material;
- Anhydrous raw materials are sent to the molecular sieve system after preheating, and then dewatered through the molecular sieve bed after the evaporator and superheater to obtain fuel ethanol wine gas. After the fuel ethanol wine gas is cooled, 41 kg of fuel ethanol with a mass fraction of 99.5% is obtained. During the gas cooling process, the waste heat generated during the cooling of fuel ethanol wine gas is recovered. The recovered waste heat can be used to preheat anhydrous raw materials to achieve heat recovery and reduce costs;
- the waste sludge discharged from the distillation dehydration system is subjected to solid-liquid separation, evaporation and concentration, and part of the waste water is reused for intermediate water.
- Dry distillers grains are used to produce DDG or mixed with liquid distillers grains to produce DDGS.
- the sugar yield in P. jujube can be increased by 2.0 to 5.0% compared to Example 1 while the sugar content of the fermented mash is maintained at 15% or more.
- the raw material fermentation is performed, and the waste steam in the distillation and dehydration section is subjected to waste heat recovery.
- the clear liquid after the solid-liquid separation of the pulp is heated and evaporated and concentrated, and the mature mash is preheated, which can reduce the steam consumption by 20-30%.
- the steam consumption of the process is 2.8 to 3.0 tons / ton of fuel ethanol. Because this process adopts the raw material fermentation process, the process does not need to add enzyme preparations, which greatly saves production costs.
- Example 5 the process of producing fuel ethanol by using date plant as raw material is as follows:
- the waste heat of the jujube pulp from the distillation and dehydration section is preheated to 30-60 ° C by a heat exchanger.
- Pectinase is added at a rate of 0.05-0.1%, and it is held for 1 to 2 hours.
- the jujube pulp is heated by a multi-stage ejector. To 85 ⁇ 100 °C, send to the cooking tank for cooking and holding for 30 ⁇ 180min;
- the supernatant is collected and concentrated by multi-effect evaporation, and the clear night is concentrated to a sugar content of 16 to 24%.
- the concentrated clear water is directly sent to the fermentation tank; the solids are separated after the separation. Producing feed after composting or drying;
- the clarified liquid is subjected to mash heat exchange with mature mashed liquid through a heat exchanger, and then the mashed liquid is cooled to 20 to 35 ° C by cooling water; the clarified liquid directly enters the fermentation tank, is connected to yeast, and is fermented for 36 to 48 hours; in the tank In the fermentation process, yeast is used to produce alcohol.
- yeast is used to produce alcohol.
- the fermentation process is followed by sterile air to maintain the vitality of the yeast.
- the final alcohol content of the fermentation is 11 to 14% (V / V) and the residual sugar concentration is less than 0.5% to obtain mature mash.
- the mature mash is preheated to a temperature above 70 ° C through mash heat exchange and sent to the distillation workshop. After differential pressure distillation, 95% volume alcohol is extracted from the liquid phase of the rectification tower as an anhydrous raw material;
- the anhydrous raw materials are sent to the molecular sieve system after preheating, and then dewatered through the molecular sieve bed after the evaporator and superheater to obtain fuel ethanol wine gas. After cooling the fuel ethanol wine gas, 57 kg of fuel ethanol with a mass fraction of 99.5% is obtained. During the gas cooling process, the waste heat generated during the cooling of fuel ethanol wine gas is recovered. The recovered waste heat can be used to preheat anhydrous raw materials to achieve heat recovery and reduce costs;
- the waste sludge discharged from the distillation dehydration system is subjected to solid-liquid separation, evaporation and concentration, and part of the waste water is reused for intermediate water.
- Dry distillers grains are used to produce DDG or mixed with liquid distillers grains to produce DDGS.
- the sugar content of the date can be increased by 5.0 to 9.0% compared to Example 1 while the fermented mash has a sugar content of more than 16%.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 一种以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:沙枣的预处理及打浆,液化处理,发酵,乙醇蒸馏、脱水;其中:(1)预处理及打浆:将沙枣去核,加pH3.5~5.0的工艺水打浆,得到枣浆,控制枣浆的质量浓度为15~30%;(2)液化处理:枣浆进行液化处理;(3)发酵:接入活性干酵母;发酵,得到发酵成熟醪液;(4)乙醇蒸馏、脱水:成熟醪液经过蒸馏、脱水后,冷凝后得到乙醇液体,加入变性剂,得到成品燃料乙醇;所述乙醇蒸馏、脱水具体为:将成熟醪液预热至70℃以上后送至蒸馏车间,经差压蒸馏后,从精馏塔液相采出体积分数为95%的酒精作为无水原料;无水原料经预热后送至分子筛系统,经蒸发器、过热器后进分子筛床脱水,得到燃料乙醇酒气,燃料乙醇酒气冷却后即为质量分数为99.5%的燃料乙醇;向质量分数为99.5%的燃料乙醇中添加变性剂后得到成品燃料乙醇;所述的成熟醪液预热,可以直接利用一次蒸汽预热,也可以使用从蒸馏脱水工段回收的余热进行预热。
- 根据权利要求1所述的以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,所述液化处理包括以下步骤:枣浆经过固液分离,清体醪液直接送往发酵罐;分离后固体进行 堆肥处理或者烘干后生产饲料。
- 根据权利要求1所述的以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,所述液化处理包括以下步骤:枣浆经过一级喷射器预热至30~60℃,0.05~0.1%的比例加入果胶酶,保温1~2小时,然后经过多级喷射器将枣浆加热至85~105℃,送往蒸煮罐进行蒸煮保温30~180min,得到枣浆醪液;枣浆醪液经换热器冷却醪液至20~35℃。
- 根据权利要求1所述的以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,所述液化处理采用多级低压蒸汽喷射后蒸煮的连续蒸煮工艺,使混合浆液受热均匀;所述的多级蒸汽喷射为一级或一级以上蒸汽喷射。
- 根据权利要求2所述的以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,所述发酵中的醪液在发酵罐的时间在36~60小时;发酵成熟醪液的酒精度达到7~11%(v/v);在发酵过程中会有热量放出,通过罐外冷却保证发酵温度的稳定;发酵温度为28~35℃;发酵罐采用立式搅拌器。
- 根据权利要求2所述的以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,还包括废糟综合处理工段;所述废糟综合处理工段的处理过程包括:对所述乙醇蒸馏、脱水工段排出的废糟进行固液分离,分离后的湿糟去做固体生物肥料或干燥,分离后的清液部分回用,部分进入液体肥储罐。
- 根据权利要求1所述的以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特 征在于,还包括后续的副产品回收利用工段,所述副产品回收利用工段包括液体二氧化碳回收,沼气的生产、提纯、净化和杂醇油的精密分离。
- 一种以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:沙枣的预处理及打浆,液化处理,发酵,乙醇蒸馏、脱水;其中(1)预处理及打浆:将沙枣去核,加pH3.5~5.0的工艺水打浆,得到枣浆,控制枣浆的质量浓度为15~30%;(2)液化处理:枣浆进行液化处理;(3)发酵:接入活性干酵母;发酵,得到发酵成熟醪液;(4)乙醇蒸馏、脱水:成熟醪液经过蒸馏、脱水后,冷凝后得到乙醇液体,加入变性剂,得到成品燃料乙醇。
- 根据权利要求8所述的以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,所述液化处理包括以下步骤:枣浆经过固液分离,清体醪液直接送往发酵罐;分离后固体进行堆肥处理或者烘干后生产饲料;其中,固液分离为一次或多次打浆研磨、洗涤、分离的过程。
- 根据权利要求8所述的以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,所述固液分离为利用压滤机和/或蝶式离心机和/或双锥离心机和/或卧螺式离心机进行多次的研磨、洗涤、分离。
- 根据权利要求8所述的以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,所述液化处理还包括枣浆经过一级喷射器预热至30~60℃, 0.05~0.1%的比例加入果胶酶,保温1~2小时,然后经过多级喷射器将枣浆加热至85~105℃,送往蒸煮罐进行蒸煮保温30~180min,枣浆经过多次研磨、洗涤、分离,将清液收集,并进行多效蒸发浓缩,浓缩后的清醪液直接送往发酵罐,分离后固体进行堆肥处理或者烘干后生产饲料;所述枣浆预热,可以选择如下方式之一:一次蒸汽预热;从醪液冷却过程回收的余热进行醪醪换液余热;采用蒸馏脱水工段回收的余热进行预热。
- 根据权利要求8所述的一种利用沙枣发酵生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,所述乙醇蒸馏、脱水具体为:将成熟醪液预热至70℃以上后送至蒸馏车间,经差压蒸馏后,从精馏塔液相采出体积分数为95%的酒精作为无水原料;无水原料经预热后送至分子筛系统,经蒸发器、过热器后进分子筛床脱水,得到燃料乙醇酒气,燃料乙醇酒气冷却后即为质量分数为99.5%的燃料乙醇;向质量分数为99.5%的燃料乙醇中添加变性剂后得到成品燃料乙醇;所述的成熟醪液预热,可以直接利用一次蒸汽预热,也可以使用从蒸馏脱水工段回收的余热进行预热。
- 根据权利要求9或10所述的以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,所述发酵中的醪液在发酵罐的时间在36~60小时,发 酵成熟醪液的酒精度达到9~13%(v/v),在发酵过程中会有热量放出,通过罐外冷却保证发酵温度的稳定,发酵温度为28~35℃,发酵罐采用搅拌器搅拌。
- 根据权利要求9或10所述的以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,还包括废糟综合处理工段;所述废糟综合处理工段的处理过程包括:对所述乙醇蒸馏、脱水工段排出的废糟进行固液分离,分离后的湿糟去做固体生物肥料或干燥,分离后的清液部分回用,部分进入液体肥储罐。
- 根据权利要求8所述的以沙枣为原料生产燃料乙醇的方法,其特征在于,还包括后续的副产品回收利用工段;所述副产品回收利用工段包括液体二氧化碳回收,沼气的生产、提纯、净化和杂醇油的精密分离。
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TIAN, XIAOJU ET AL.: "Study on the Processing Technology of Elaeagnus Angustifolia Fruit Wine", JOURNAL OF ANHUI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, vol. 39, no. 2, 10 January 2011 (2011-01-10), pages 832- 833 - 844, XP055657315 * |
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