WO2019220831A1 - 油脂の新規分解微生物 - Google Patents
油脂の新規分解微生物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019220831A1 WO2019220831A1 PCT/JP2019/016023 JP2019016023W WO2019220831A1 WO 2019220831 A1 WO2019220831 A1 WO 2019220831A1 JP 2019016023 W JP2019016023 W JP 2019016023W WO 2019220831 A1 WO2019220831 A1 WO 2019220831A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/165—Yeast isolates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/347—Use of yeasts or fungi
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/343—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used for digestion of grease, fat, oil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/145—Fungal isolates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel degrading microorganism for fats and oils.
- Waste water (waste water) from kitchens and food factories usually contains garbage and cooking oil. Solids such as raw garbage can be easily removed from the waste water by providing a basket or the like at the drain outlet, but it is not easy to remove liquid substances such as cooking oil. Therefore, in facilities such as kitchens and food factories that discharge wastewater mixed with a large amount of fat and oil, a detoxification facility (for example, a grease trap) is provided to collect the fat and oil and separate and dispose of the fat that has floated on the upper layer. It has been.
- a detoxification facility for example, a grease trap
- the oil accumulated in the grease trap solidifies and remains as scum (lumps of oil) on the water surface of the grease trap, or it accumulates and adheres to the inner wall surface of the grease trap or inside the pipe, thereby closing the pipe. There is. At this time, the accumulated fats and oils may be oxidized and spoiled to cause odors and pests. Moreover, if the accumulated fats and oils are allowed to stand, the grease trap's ability to remove fats and oils decreases, and the fats and oils flow out into sewage and rivers. Therefore, when fats and oils are accumulated in the grease trap, it is necessary to request a specialized supplier to remove the fats and oils by vacuum treatment or high-pressure washing treatment, which increases costs.
- Patent Document 1 discloses Bacillus subtilis BN1001 (Bacillus subtilis BN1001) as a microorganism that can be used in applications such as reducing the amount of n-hexane extract in oil-containing wastewater or decomposing scum accumulated in a drainage tank such as a kitchen. Is described.
- the microorganisms used in the grease trap are required to have characteristics capable of purifying wastewater even in a water quality environment having a wide range of pH (for example, pH 2.0 or more and less than 11.0).
- pH for example, pH 2.0 or more and less than 11.0.
- conventionally known microorganisms have not had such characteristics sufficiently.
- an object thereof is to provide a microorganism excellent in the effect of reducing fats and oils in an abatement facility.
- an object is to provide a microorganism that can purify wastewater even in a water quality environment of a wide range of pH (for example, pH 2.0 or more and less than 11.0).
- the present inventors have conducted intensive research to solve the above problems. As a result, the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by microorganisms belonging to Astero tremella humicola and exhibiting predetermined mycological properties, and the present invention has been completed.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows the mechanism of wastewater treatment by a grease trap.
- X to Y indicating a range means “X or more and Y or less”.
- operations and physical properties are measured under conditions of room temperature (20 to 25 ° C.) / Relative humidity 40 to 50% RH.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a microorganism that belongs to Astero tremella humicola and exhibits the following mycological properties.
- the microorganism according to the present invention is excellent in the effect of reducing fats and oils in an abatement facility.
- the microorganism according to the present invention can purify wastewater even in a water quality environment of a wide range of pH (for example, pH 2.0 or more and less than 11.0).
- the microorganism of this embodiment reduces 1% (w / v) of fat and oil by 50% by weight or more in 24 hours under the condition of pH 2 or more and less than 11.
- the microorganism of this embodiment is Astero tremella humicola strain 2-141-1 (Accession number NITE BP-02641).
- the microorganism according to the present invention was isolated from soil in Tajimi City, Gifu Prefecture by the following screening method.
- Screening method An appropriate amount of a sample collected from the waste liquid of Gifu Prefecture or grease trap, sewage, river water, hot spring water, etc. is added to 5 mL of the primary screening liquid medium prepared by the following method, and cultured at 30 ° C for one week. To do. 100 ⁇ L of the culture solution after the culture is further inoculated into 5 mL of the liquid medium for primary screening and cultured again at 30 ° C. for one week.
- each component other than fats and oils is dissolved in pure water so as to have the composition shown in Table 2 below, and the fats and oils are added to a final concentration of 0.5 w / v%, followed by high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization.
- fats and oils are prepared by mixing rapeseed oil and soybean oil at a ratio of 1: 1 (w / w).
- a final concentration of 0.5 w / v% and agar are added to a final concentration of 2.0 w / v%, and after high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization, they are appropriately dispensed and solidified.
- Each isolated strain obtained in the secondary screening is inoculated with a platinum loop one by one into a LB medium prepared by the following method, followed by shaking culture (140 rpm) at 30 ° C. for 24 hours.
- 100 ⁇ L of the obtained culture solution is inoculated into the test solution prepared by the above method, followed by shaking culture (140 rpm) at 30 ° C. for 24 hours.
- the liquid medium for tertiary screening is prepared by dissolving each component in pure water, adjusting to pH 6.0 with hydrochloric acid, and sterilizing at high temperature and high pressure so as to have the composition shown in Table 4 below.
- LB medium is prepared by dissolving each component purely and sterilizing at high temperature and high pressure so as to have the composition shown in Table 5 below.
- a normal hexane extract is prepared according to JIS K0102: 2016 revision (industrial wastewater test method).
- the normal hexane extract was used as the residual amount of oil and fat, and the fat and oil reduction rate was calculated from the following formula (1) using 0.05 g of oil and fat added during the preparation of the test solution and the residual amount of fat and oil (the amount of normal hexane extract (g)). Ask for. As a result, it is possible to isolate a strain having a high fat reduction rate.
- the base sequence of the 26S rDNA-D1 / D2 region was determined for the isolated strain having a high fat reduction rate.
- the determined nucleotide sequence of the 26S rDNA-D1 / D2 region of the isolated microorganism is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 below.
- YM agar plate medium (1.0% (w / v) glucose, 0.5% (w / v) peptone, 0.3% (w / v) malt extract, 0.3% (w / V) Yeast extract, 1.5% (w / v) agar) (pH unadjusted) was used.
- Colony Observation Colonies showed the following properties in aerobic culture for 1 week at 27 ° C. on a YM agar plate medium.
- Physiological property test The method of physiological property test is described in Kurtzman, C .; P. Fell, J .; W. and Boekhout, T .; (2011) The Yeasts, a taxonomic study, 5th Edition. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands. The culture was performed at 25 ° C. except for the temperature tolerance test. The results are shown in Tables 7-1 and 7-2. Moreover, in addition to the isolated strain obtained above, the well-known A.I. The physiological properties of humicola are also shown.
- the isolated strain was different from the yeast belonging to the known Astero tremella humicola, such as assimilation of soluble starch and nitrate, and growth in 50% glucose. . Therefore, the isolated strain is judged to be a novel microorganism, and this strain is also referred to as “Astero tremella humicola” strain 2-141-1 (hereinafter simply referred to as “2-141-1 strain”). ).
- the strain 2-141-1 belongs to Astero tremella humicola, and is 1% (w / v) under the condition of pH 2.0 to less than 11.0, preferably pH 2.0 to 10.5. Is reduced by 50% by weight or more in 24 hours.
- the strain 2-141-1 can be applied with 1% (w / v) of fats and oils in 24 hours under the conditions of 30 ° C., pH 2.0 to 11.0, preferably pH 2.0 to 10.5. Reduce by 50% by weight or more.
- the lower limit of the pH is more preferably 2.5 or more.
- the upper limit of the pH is more preferably 10.0 or less, and even more preferably 9.0 or less.
- the pH is adjusted by adjusting any acid such as inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, carbonic acid and sulfuric acid, organic acid such as citric acid and lactic acid, and salts thereof; and / or any acid such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and ammonia.
- any acid such as inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, carbonic acid and sulfuric acid, organic acid such as citric acid and lactic acid, and salts thereof; and / or any acid such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and ammonia.
- alkali hydrochloric acid (acid side) or sodium hydroxide (alkali side) is preferable.
- the test solution is inoculated with a microorganism cultured on a flat plate medium (for example, an agar medium for secondary screening), and cultured with shaking (140 rpm) at an arbitrary temperature range for 24 hours.
- the amount of bacteria to be inoculated is about one platinum ear.
- Microorganisms inoculated into the test solution may be precultured in LB medium or the like. By pre-culturing, the amount of bacteria to be inoculated can be easily adjusted.
- inoculate 1 mL of the test solution to 1.5 ⁇ 10 6 CFU / mL.
- the culture temperature may be set in accordance with a temperature range in which the microbial cells are highly capable of decomposing and assimilating fats and oils.
- a normal hexane extract is prepared according to JIS K0102: 2016 revision (industrial wastewater test method).
- the oil and fat added at the time of preparing the test liquid (0.05 g) and the residual amount of fat and oil (the amount of normal hexane extract (g)) were calculated according to the above formula (1). Find the rate of decrease.
- the microorganism according to the present invention has a fat reduction rate determined by the above method in all test solutions prepared using a fat degradation evaluation medium having a pH set in the above range (for example, pH 2.0 to 10.5). May be 50% by weight or more. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fat reduction rate when cultured at 30 ° C.
- the fat / oil reduction rate is 50% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight or more. Since the fat / oil reduction rate is preferably as high as possible, the upper limit is not particularly set. For example, the oil / oil reduction rate measured by the above method is 90% or less. If the culture is continued for a long time, the amount of oil reduction increases. However, since microorganisms are sequentially excreted from the abatement facility, the microorganisms are usually replenished to the abatement facility about every 1 to 3 days. Therefore, a microorganism showing a fat / oil reduction rate of 50% by weight or more in a short time (for example, within 24 hours) is excellent in practical use.
- the water quality environment of the wastewater from the abatement facilities can easily vary depending on the type of garbage that is discharged. Therefore, it is preferable that the microorganisms used in the abatement facility can purify the wastewater in a wide range of pH environments.
- the strain 2-141-1 is excellent in that it can decompose oils and fats even in a wide range of pH environments (for example, pH 2.0 to 10.5).
- oil and fat refers to edible or industrial fats and oils and fatty acids containing a large amount of glycerides such as triglycerides, diglycerides and monoglycerides.
- examples of the oil include olive oil, canola oil, coconut oil, sesame oil, rice oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, soybean oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, and palm oil.
- Edible oils such as peanut oil, beef tallow, lard, chicken oil, fish oil, whale oil, butter, margarine, fat spread, shortening; and industrial oils such as linseed oil, jatropha oil, tall oil, hamana oil, castor oil, jojoba oil , But is preferably edible oil / fat that is frequently discharged in restaurants and the like where a grease trap is often installed.
- the fatty acid is not particularly limited, for example, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, decanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, Saturated fatty acids such as stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid; decenoic acid, myristoleic acid, pentadecenoic acid, palmitoleic acid, heptadecenoic acid, oleic acid, icosenic acid, docosenoic acid, tetracosenoic acid, hexadecadienoic acid, hexa Decatrienoic acid, hexadecatetraenoic acid, linoleic acid, ⁇ -linolenic acid, ⁇ -
- the method for culturing microorganisms belonging to Asteroremera / Humicola according to the present invention may be any method as long as the microorganisms can grow and proliferate.
- the medium used for culturing the microorganism may be either a solid or liquid medium, and any medium containing a carbon source, an appropriate amount of nitrogen source, an inorganic salt, and other nutrients that can be assimilated by the microorganism used.
- Either a synthetic medium or a natural medium may be used.
- the culture medium contains a carbon source, a nitrogen source and an inorganic substance.
- the carbon source that can be used in the cultivation of the oil-degrading microorganism is not particularly limited as long as the carbon source can be assimilated by the strain used. Specifically, in consideration of microbial utilization, glucose, fructose, cellobiose, raffinose, xylose, maltose, galactose, sorbose, glucosamine, ribose, arabinose, rhamnose, sucrose, trehalose, ⁇ -methyl-D-glucoside , Salicin, melibiose, lactose, melezitose, inulin, erythritol, ribitol, xylitol, glucitol, mannitol, galactitol, inositol, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, starch, starch hydrolyzate, molasses, sugars such as molasses, wheat , Natural products such as rice
- the carbon source is appropriately selected in view of assimilation by the microorganism to be cultured.
- the 2-141-1 strain among the above carbon sources, glucose, galactose, sorbose, glucosamine, arabinose, rhamnose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, ⁇ -methyl-D-glucoside, cellobiose, salicin, melibiose , Lactose, melezitose, starch hydrolysate, glycerol, erythritol, ribitol, xylitol, glucitol, mannitol, galactitol, inositol, gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, ethanol, etc. preferable.
- the said carbon source can be used 1 type or 2 types or more selected.
- Nitrogen sources that can be used in the cultivation of oil-degrading microorganisms include meat extract, fish extract, peptone, polypeptone, tryptone, yeast extract, malt extract, soybean hydrolysate, soybean powder, casein, milk casein, casamino acid, glycine, glutamic acid
- Organic nitrogen sources such as various amino acids such as aspartic acid, corn steep liquor, other animal, plant and microorganism hydrolysates
- ammonium salts such as ammonia, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride, nitrates such as sodium nitrate, nitrous acid
- nitrites such as sodium and inorganic nitrogen sources such as urea.
- the nitrogen source is appropriately selected in view of assimilation by the microorganism to be cultured.
- the 2-141-1 strain it is preferable to use fish extract, tryptone, yeast extract, ammonium chloride, etc. among the nitrogen sources. Further, one or more of the nitrogen sources can be selected and used.
- inorganic substances that can be used in the cultivation of oil-degrading microorganisms include magnesium, manganese, calcium, sodium, potassium, copper, iron, and zinc, such as phosphates, hydrochlorides, sulfates, acetates, carbonates, and chlorides. And halides.
- the said inorganic substance is suitably selected in consideration of the assimilation property by the microorganisms to culture.
- one or more of the above inorganic materials can be selected and used.
- fats and oils In order to efficiently decompose and assimilate fats and oils in the microorganism according to the present invention or to maintain the ability of microorganisms to decompose and assimilate fats and oils, it is preferable to add fats and oils to the medium.
- the fats and oils include the aforementioned edible fats and oils, industrial fats and oils, and fatty acids.
- the addition amount of fats and oils is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected in consideration of fats and oils decomposition and assimilation ability by microorganisms to be cultured.
- the microorganism can maintain a high ability to decompose and assimilate fats and oils.
- fats and oils may be added alone or in the form of a mixture of two or more.
- the culture of the microorganism according to the present invention can be performed by a usual method.
- the microorganism is cultured under aerobic conditions or anaerobic conditions. In the former case, the culture of microorganisms is performed by shaking or aeration stirring.
- the microorganisms may be cultured continuously or in batches.
- the culture conditions are appropriately selected depending on the composition of the medium and the culture method, and are not particularly limited as long as the microorganisms according to the present invention can grow, and can be appropriately selected according to the type of microorganism to be cultured.
- the culture temperature is preferably 15 to 40 ° C, more preferably 25 to 35 ° C.
- the pH of the medium suitable for culture is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 10.5, more preferably 2.5 to 9.0.
- the culture time is not particularly limited, and varies depending on the type of microorganism to be cultured, the amount of medium, culture conditions, and the like. Usually, the culture time is preferably 16 to 48 hours, more preferably 20 to 30 hours.
- One embodiment of the present invention relates to a wastewater treatment method including a step of bringing a microorganism according to the present invention into contact with wastewater containing fats and oils.
- the microorganism according to the present invention is excellent in the effect of reducing fats and oils, and has a characteristic that it can purify wastewater even in a water quality environment having a wide pH range (for example, pH 2 or more and less than 11.0). Therefore, fats and oils can be effectively reduced by bringing the microorganisms according to the present invention into contact with wastewater containing fats and oils.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a wastewater treatment method, wherein the wastewater containing fats and oils comprises Asterotremela humicola strain 2-141-1. Note that the above description regarding the microorganism can be modified as needed and applied to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows the mechanism of waste water treatment (waste water treatment) by the grease trap 10.
- the microorganism according to the present invention may be added in advance to the wastewater before being discharged to the grease trap 10, but is typically added to the wastewater in the wastewater treatment tank 1.
- the wastewater treatment method according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the microorganism according to the present invention can be brought into contact with the oil-containing wastewater.
- the grease trap 10 is not particularly limited in its installation form such as an embedded type or a movable type.
- the grease trap 10 In the case of the buried type, for example, in a kitchen or a food processing plant, the grease trap 10 is buried so that the wastewater that has flowed into the drainage channel is poured into the residue receiver 3.
- the grease trap 10 In the case of the movable type, for example, the grease trap 10 is installed so that the residue receiver 3 is positioned below the drainage groove of the sink.
- drainage flows in the direction of the arrow.
- the drainage to the grease trap 10 may be a batch type or a continuous type.
- the fat and oil-containing wastewater flows into the wastewater treatment tank 1 through the residue receiver 3.
- all or part of the residue such as garbage is collected in the residue receiver 3, but most of the oil and fat flows into the waste water treatment tank 1 through the residue receiver 3.
- the oil 6 that has flowed into the waste water treatment tank 1 floats toward the water surface 5 by the partition plate 2b and collects in a space partitioned by the partition plates 2a and 2c. Therefore, when the microorganisms according to the present invention are not added to the waste water, the oil 6 gradually aggregates in the space partitioned by the partition plates 2a and 2c to form a scum.
- the wastewater containing oil and fat and the microorganism according to the present invention are It will come into contact. Since the microorganisms according to the present invention have high fat and oil decomposing activity and have assimilability, aggregation of the oil and fat 6 can be suppressed and scum can be effectively prevented from being formed.
- strain 2-141-1 has a high oil-degrading activity even in a wide pH range (for example, pH 2.0 or more and less than 11.0). This prevents the oil and fat from flowing out to the external environment through the trap tube 4 without depending on the pH of the waste water, which is advantageous from the viewpoint of environmental conservation.
- the microorganism according to the present invention has various forms such as a state suspended in a culture solution, a state recovered from the culture solution as a solid, a dried state, and a state immobilized on a carrier. Can be brought into contact with drainage.
- the microorganisms suspended in the culture solution, recovered as a solid content from the culture solution, or dried are added to, for example, waste water and brought into contact with the waste water.
- Microorganisms in a state of being immobilized on the carrier may be added to the wastewater.
- the carrier on which the microorganisms are immobilized is placed in a grease trap, and the wastewater is allowed to flow through the microorganism-immobilized carrier. Can also be brought into contact with each other.
- the culture solution of the oil-degrading microorganisms cultured by the above-described method can be obtained by solid-liquid separation by centrifugation, filtration, etc., and collecting the solid content. If this solid content is dried (for example, freeze-dried), a dried oil-degrading microorganism can be obtained.
- the carrier for immobilizing the oil-degrading microorganism is not particularly limited as long as it can immobilize the microorganism, and generally immobilizes the microorganism.
- the carrier used for this is used in the same manner or appropriately modified. For example, a method of comprehensively fixing to a gel-like substance such as alginic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, gellan gum, agarose, cellulose, dextran, or a method of adsorbing and fixing to the surface of glass, activated carbon, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, wood, silica gel, etc. it can.
- the method for immobilizing the oil-degrading microorganisms on the carrier is not particularly limited, and a general method for immobilizing microorganisms is used in the same manner or appropriately modified.
- a general method for immobilizing microorganisms is used in the same manner or appropriately modified.
- an immobilization method by pouring a microorganism culture solution into a carrier an immobilization method by pouring the carrier under a reduced pressure using an aspirator, and a microorganism culture solution into the carrier, and a medium in which the microorganism culture solution is sterilized
- a method of pouring into a mixture of a carrier and a carrier, culturing with shaking, and naturally drying the carrier taken out of the mixture For example, a method of pouring into a mixture of a carrier and a carrier, culturing with shaking, and naturally drying the carrier taken out of the mixture.
- the amount of bacteria added can be arbitrarily set.
- the amount of bacteria added to the wastewater is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 4 to 1 ⁇ 10 12 CFU, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 5 to 1 ⁇ 10, per 1 g of fats and oils contained in the wastewater. 11 CFU.
- the amount may be, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 6 to 1 ⁇ 10 12 CFU / L, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 7 to 1 ⁇ 10 11 CFU / L with respect to the wastewater in the grease trap. .
- the total amount is meant.
- the oil-decomposing microorganisms When the wastewater is discharged to the outside environment, the oil-decomposing microorganisms that are not immobilized on the carrier are discharged together with the wastewater to the outside of the grease trap. Therefore, in the present invention, the oil-decomposing microorganisms are periodically added to the grease trap (drainage). It is preferable to do this.
- the addition interval is not particularly limited, but for example, it is preferable to add at once / three hours, once / 24 hours, or once every two to three days.
- the method of adding is not particularly limited, and when the wastewater flows continuously into the grease trap, it may be added to the wastewater or may be added directly to the wastewater in the grease trap. If microorganisms are added from a drain outlet such as a kitchen sink, the microorganisms can be introduced into the grease trap together with the wastewater discharged by washing.
- other components may be added to the wastewater from the viewpoint of more efficiently reducing fats and oils.
- other components include microorganisms, lipases, pH adjusters, fat and oil adsorbents, surfactants and the like described in JP-A-2017-136033.
- the grease trap may be configured to continuously introduce fat and oil-containing wastewater and continuously discharge the treated wastewater, or after introducing fat and oil-containing wastewater and treating it together, the treated wastewater. May be discharged in a batch.
- the temperature at which the oil-degrading microorganisms and the oil are brought into contact with each other can be arbitrarily set. Moreover, it can also set arbitrarily as pH at the time of contacting an oil-fat decomposition microorganism and fats, ie, pH of the waste_water
- the temperature is, for example, 10 to 50 ° C., preferably 15 to 35 ° C., and more preferably 20 to 30 ° C.
- the pH is, for example, 2.0 or more and less than 11.0, preferably 2.0 to 10.5, and more preferably 2.5 to 9.0.
- the waste water may be aerated by aeration or the like as necessary.
- the waste water treatment agent containing the microorganisms which concern on the said invention is provided.
- the microorganism according to the present invention is excellent in the effect of reducing fats and oils, and has a characteristic capable of purifying wastewater even in a water quality environment having a wide pH range (for example, pH 2.0 or more and less than 11.0). Therefore, fats and oils can be effectively reduced by using the wastewater treatment agent containing microorganisms according to the present invention for wastewater treatment facilities (abatement facilities) such as grease traps.
- wastewater treatment facilities abatement facilities
- the description regarding the above-described microorganisms and the wastewater treatment method may be modified as necessary and applied to the present embodiment.
- the wastewater treatment agent may be in a dry form or in a liquid form, but a dry form such as powder, granules, pellets, and tablets is preferable from the viewpoint of storage stability.
- the microorganism according to the present invention used for such a wastewater treatment agent in a dry form includes a bacterial powder obtained by drying a culture solution by spray drying, freeze drying, or the like, or a bacterium in a state of being immobilized on a carrier as described above It may be a body, and may be formed into a powder, granule, pellet, or tablet. Alternatively, the bacterial cells and the culture solution may be encapsulated with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, gelatin, or the like.
- the wastewater treatment agent may also contain excipients such as hydroxypropylcellulose, dextrin, lactose, starch and the like.
- the microorganisms according to the present invention contained in the wastewater treatment agent may be dead or live, but are preferably live from the viewpoint of the persistence of the oil-degrading activity.
- the amount of the microorganism according to the present invention contained in the wastewater treatment agent is, for example, 10 to 100% by weight in the solid content of the wastewater treatment agent.
- the amount of the microorganism according to the present invention contained in the wastewater treatment agent is, for example, an amount of 1 ⁇ 10 2 to 1 ⁇ 10 10 CFU / g with respect to the whole wastewater treatment agent.
- the wastewater treatment agent is a group consisting of other microorganisms capable of symbiosis with the microorganisms according to the present invention, an oil-degrading enzyme, an oil-and-fat adsorbent, and a surfactant as long as the objective effect of the present invention is achieved.
- An additive such as one or more selected from may be included.
- oil-degrading enzymes, oil-and-fat adsorbents, and surfactants for example, those described in JP-A-2017-136033 can be used.
- Example 1 Isolation of microorganisms A sample collected from soil in Tajimi City, Gifu Prefecture was inoculated into a liquid medium for primary screening by the above method and cultured at 30 ° C for one week. 100 ⁇ L of the culture solution after the culture was further inoculated into 5 mL of the liquid medium for primary screening, and again cultured at 30 ° C. for one week.
- a normal hexane extract was prepared according to JIS K0102: 2016 revision (industrial wastewater test method).
- the normal hexane extract was used as the residual amount of oil and fat, and the fat and oil reduction rate was calculated from the following formula (1) using 0.05 g of oil and fat added during the preparation of the test solution and the residual amount of fat and oil (the amount of normal hexane extract (g)). Asked. As a result, a strain having a high rate of fat reduction was isolated.
- the isolated strain was named Astero tremella humicola strain 2-141-1, and deposited with the Patent Microorganism Depositary, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (Accession Number NITE BP-02641).
- Example 2 Evaluation of oil / fat reduction rate Sterilized test solution by adding 0.05 g of oil / fat to 5 mL of liquid medium for tertiary screening whose pH was adjusted in the range of 1.5 to 11.0 using hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide.
- the isolated strain cultured on the agar medium for secondary screening was inoculated into one platinum loop with the platinum loop and the test solution prepared above, and cultured with shaking (140 rpm) at 30 ° C. for 24 hours.
- the strain 2-141-1 reduced 1% (w / v) of fats and oils by 50% by weight or more in 24 hours under the conditions of 30 ° C. and pH 2.0 to less than 11.0. I understand. That is, it can be seen that the 2-141-1 strain is excellent in fat and oil decomposing ability even in a water environment of a wide pH range.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一形態は、アステロトレメラ・ヒュミコラ(Asterotremella humicola)に属し、以下の菌学的性質を示す微生物である。本発明に係る微生物は、除害施設における油脂の低減効果に優れる。特に、本発明に係る微生物は、広範なpH(例えば、pH2.0以上11.0未満)の水質環境においても排水を浄化し得る。
本発明に係る微生物は、以下のスクリーニング方法により、岐阜県多治見市の土壌から単離した。
岐阜県の土壌またはグリーストラップの廃液、下水、河川水、温泉水などから採取したサンプルを、以下の方法で作製された一次スクリーニング用液体培地5mLに適量添加し、30℃で一週間培養する。培養後の培養液100μLをさらに一次スクリーニング用液体培地5mLに接種し、再度30℃で一週間培養する。
上記スクリーニングによって得られた菌株の菌学的性質を以下に示す。形態観察には、以下を用いた。
YM寒天平板培地上で27℃下、好気培養1週間において、コロニーは以下の性状を示した。
YM寒天平板培地上で27℃下において培養開始1週間目に、栄養細胞は、楕円形~棍棒型であり、増殖は、出芽によることが確認された。
生理性状試験の方法は、Kurtzman,C.P., Fell,J.W. and Boekhout,T. (2011) The Yeasts, a taxonomic study, 5th Edition. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.に準拠し、培養は、温度耐性試験を除いて25℃で行った。結果を表7-1および7-2に示す。また、上記で得られた単離菌株に加えて、帰属が推定される公知のA.humicolaの生理性状を併記する。
単離された菌株は、可溶性デンプンおよびナイトレートの資化性、50%グルコースにおける生育性など従来公知のアステロトレメラ・ヒュミコラ(Asterotremella humicola)に属する酵母とは性質の異なるものであった。したがって、単離された菌株は、新規な微生物であると判断し、本菌株をアステロトレメラ・ヒュミコラ(Asterotremella humicola)2-141-1株(以下、単に「2-141-1株」とも称する)と命名した。また、この2-141-1株は、2018年2月21日付で、独立行政法人製品評価技術基盤機構 特許微生物寄託センター(NPMD)(日本国 〒292-0818 千葉県木更津市かずさ鎌足2-5-8 122号室)に国際寄託されており、その受託番号は、NITE BP-02641である。
本明細書において、油脂の減少は、以下の方法により評価される。すなわち、菜種油:大豆油=1:1(w/w)である油脂0.05gを、pH以外は上記の三次スクリーニング用液体培地と同じである無菌処理済の油脂分解評価用培地(5mL)に加えて試験液を調製する(油脂1%(w/v))。このとき使用する油脂分解評価用培地としては、pHを1.5~11.0の範囲で調整したものを用いる(例えば、pH1.5、2、2.5、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、10.5および11の油脂分解評価用培地)。pHの調整は塩酸、硝酸、炭酸、硫酸などの無機酸やクエン酸、乳酸などの有機酸等の任意の酸やこれらの塩;および/または水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、アンモニア等の任意のアルカリ;によって行えばよいが、好ましくは塩酸(酸性側)または水酸化ナトリウム(アルカリ側)である。
本発明に係るアステロトレメラ・ヒュミコラに属する微生物(以下、単に「油脂分解微生物」とも称する)の培養方法は、当該微生物が生育・増殖できるものであれば、いずれのものであってよい。例えば、微生物の培養に使用する培地は、固体または液体培地のいずれでもよく、また、使用する微生物が資化しうる炭素源、適量の窒素源、無機塩及びその他の栄養素を含有する培地であれば、合成培地または天然培地のいずれでもよい。通常、培地は、炭素源、窒素源および無機物を含む。
また、上記窒素源を1種または2種以上選択して使用することができる。
本発明の一実施形態は、油脂を含む排水に、上記本発明に係る微生物を接触させる工程を含む、排水処理方法に関する。本発明に係る微生物は油脂の低減効果に優れ、特に、広範なpH(例えば、pH2以上11.0未満)の水質環境においても排水を浄化し得る特性を有する。従って、油脂を含む排水に、上記本発明に係る微生物を接触させることにより、油脂を効果的に低減することができる。本発明の好ましい実施形態は、油脂を含む排水に、アステロトレメラ・ヒュミコラ(Asterotremella humicola)2-141-1株を含む、排水処理方法である。なお、上記の微生物に関する説明は、必要に応じて改変されて本実施形態に適用され得る。
本発明の一実施形態では、上記本発明に係る微生物を含む、排水処理剤が提供される。本発明に係る微生物は油脂の低減効果に優れ、特に、広範なpH(例えば、pH2.0以上11.0未満)の水質環境においても排水を浄化し得る特性を有する。従って、本発明に係る微生物を含む排水処理剤をグリーストラップ等の排水処理設備(除害施設)に用いることにより、油脂を効果的に低減することができる。なお、上記の微生物および排水処理方法に関する説明は、必要に応じて改変されて本実施形態に適用され得る。
岐阜県多治見市の土壌から採取したサンプルを上記方法にて一次スクリーニング用液体培地に接種し、30℃で一週間培養した。培養後の培養液100μLをさらに一次スクリーニング用液体培地5mLに接種し、再度30℃で一週間培養した。
塩酸または水酸化ナトリウムを用いてpHを1.5~11.0の範囲で調整した三次スクリーニング用液体培地5mLに油脂0.05gを加えて、滅菌した試験液を調製した。二次スクリーニング用寒天培地上で培養した単離菌株を白金耳で一白金耳、上記で調製した試験液に接種し、30℃で24時間振盪培養(140rpm)した。
2a、2b、2c 仕切り板、
3 残渣受け、
4 トラップ管、
5 水面、
6 油脂、
10 グリーストラップ。
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