WO2019218680A1 - 一种单层无内环交叉索支结构 - Google Patents

一种单层无内环交叉索支结构 Download PDF

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WO2019218680A1
WO2019218680A1 PCT/CN2018/123668 CN2018123668W WO2019218680A1 WO 2019218680 A1 WO2019218680 A1 WO 2019218680A1 CN 2018123668 W CN2018123668 W CN 2018123668W WO 2019218680 A1 WO2019218680 A1 WO 2019218680A1
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cable
inner ring
saddle
cables
layer
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PCT/CN2018/123668
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French (fr)
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薛素铎
田学帅
刘越
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北京工业大学
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/342—Structures covering a large free area, whether open-sided or not, e.g. hangars, halls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/14—Suspended roofs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a single layer non-inner ring cross cable support structure, belonging to a novel single layer space structure system, and is mainly applied to the field of space structure. There is a significant advantage to the functional requirements of a stadium that meets an intermediate opening with a very large span.
  • the cable structure is a structure in a space-stressed state and is mostly used in large-span roof structures.
  • Suspension structures are widely used in bridge structures, and for building buildings, they are suitable for large-span buildings, such as sports buildings (sports halls, swimming pools, large sports fields, etc.), industrial workshops, cultural and living buildings (display halls, acrobatics, markets, etc.) and Special structures, etc.
  • the cable structure is a form of cable structure.
  • the arrangement of the cable truss structure mainly includes parallel arrangement, vertical cross arrangement, spoke arrangement and the like. Among them, the insufficiency of the spoke type cable truss mainly lies in the central inner loop cable. Once the inner ring fails, the structural system completely fails, and even the entire structure collapses. In addition, the existence of the rigid struts needs to consider the instability of the struts, and the strength of the material cannot be fully utilized, and the economy is not good.
  • the object of the present invention is to compensate for the problem of the stability of the existing structure against the collapse of the structure and the stability of the structural compression rod system.
  • a single-layer non-inner ring cross cable support structure suitable for the stadium is proposed.
  • the utility model comprises an outer ring composed of a saddle type not in the same plane and a single-layer space cable net system composed of a plurality of cross-connected cables, forming an intermediate opening with good space stress performance and a surrounding arrangement roof.
  • the structure of the cable branch is not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, but not in the same plane and a single-layer space cable net system composed of a plurality of cross-connected cables, forming an intermediate opening with good space stress performance and a surrounding arrangement roof.
  • the structure of the cable branch is
  • the effect of the saddle-shaped surface can bear the downward vertical load of the self-weight, snow load, and other loads on the roof; on the other hand, it can bear the suction of the wind load on the roof.
  • the process of forming a single layer is: first, the side curve is determined by the saddle type formula to form a saddle type surface, and then the curve of the cable is actually the intersection line of the saddle type surface and the vertical plane tangent to the virtual inner ring, and the intersection line segment
  • the two endpoints are on the saddle-shaped outer loop curve.
  • the intersection segments are all spatial curves, not straight lines. All nodes intersect in pairs, and there are no cases where more than two spatial curves intersect at one point.
  • Construction process The truss of this structure is assembled and spliced, and then all the cables are assembled on the ground.
  • the intersection of the cable and the cable uses the freely rotatable nodes with the nodes of the cable and cable, so that the cable is connected between the cables. The force is more clear and only positive pressure is passed.
  • the overall span of the structure is not large, a single cable and a single cable are used.
  • the span is large and the diameter of the single cable is large, the double root is more convenient for construction than the single root, and it is safer for the structure. .
  • the system avoids the inner ring well.
  • the inner ring structure system increases the span, the inner ring has a large force, which leads to the inner ring diameter being too large.
  • Some production levels. Compared with the inner ring, the cable tension distribution of the structure is more uniform, and the material strength is fully utilized, which has considerable economical efficiency.
  • each one-way cable can bear the load independently of other cables. Therefore, even if one or several cables are broken out and work, the remaining part of the structure can bear the load, and the structure is continuously continuous. The probability of sexual collapse is small.
  • the outer ring of the structure is a saddle-shaped curve.
  • the saddle-shaped curved surface is formed by a part of the cable downwardly forming a load-bearing cable for resisting the downward self-weight, rain and snow, etc., and the other part is raised upward to form a stabilizing cable for resisting Upward wind suction and other loads.
  • the load-bearing cable becomes a stable cable
  • the stabilizer cable becomes a load-bearing cable
  • the structural system can normally bear the great upward suction force under the wind load.
  • the overall span of the structure is not large, a single cable and a single cable are used.
  • the span is large and the diameter of the single cable is large, the use of double roots is more conducive to construction than the single root, and it is safer for the structure.
  • the restraint is provided by the compressed side truss to balance the horizontal forces in the cable.
  • the single-layer non-inner ring cross cable support structure of the invention has the advantages of reasonable structural arrangement (uniform distribution of cable force), remarkable resistance to continuous collapse, light shape, good structural aesthetic effect, and the like, and is easy to manufacture and construct, and has strong The feasibility of engineering practice.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a single layer without inner ring cross cable support structure
  • Figure 2 is a top view of a single layer without inner ring cross cable support structure
  • Figure 3 is a front view of a single layer without inner ring cross cable support structure
  • Figure 4 is a left side view of a single layer without inner ring crossing cable structure
  • Figure 5 is a diagram showing a single layer non-inner ring cross cable branch structure showing a virtual inner ring
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the process of forming a single layer without inner ring cross cable support structure
  • Figure 7 is an example of a layout of a single-layer non-inner ring cross cable support structure (top view)
  • Figure 8 is a single-layer non-inner ring cross cable structure of a single cable and a single cable intersection node
  • Figure 9 is a double-layer and double-cord intersection node of a single-layer cross-cored structure without inner ring
  • the utility model relates to a single layer non-inner ring cross cable support structure, belonging to the field of space single layer cable branch structure.
  • the utility model comprises a saddle-type side truss portion and a single-layer cable net system part composed of a plurality of cross-connected cables, forming an intermediate opening with good space stress performance and an inner ring-free full-tension cross cable truss structure with surrounding surrounding roof.
  • System all roof loads are assumed by the cross-arranged cables, and the stressed saddle-type side trusses provide restraint to balance the horizontal forces in the cables.
  • the cross-arranged cable and cable connection forms are hinged nodes.
  • the outer ring is constructed, and the outer ring is made in sections. After the welding is completed successfully, each single cable is installed and stretched in batches to reach the predetermined shape of the design.
  • the saddle-type outer loop curve formula is as follows, which is actually the intersection of the saddle-shaped surface and the cylindrical surface.
  • the origin is the center point of the saddle-type outer loop curve (also the center point of the saddle-shaped surface).
  • p is a real number greater than 1, indicating the degree of bending of the saddle-type outer loop curve in the z-axis direction, the smaller p is the more curved the curve, the larger the p is, the flatter the curve is;
  • the r is the radius of the cylinder, ie the saddle The radius of the orthographic curve (which is a ring) in the xoy plane.
  • the curve of the cable is actually the intersection of the saddle surface and the vertical plane tangent to the virtual inner ring, and the two end points of the intersection segment are on the saddle outer ring curve. Its formula is as follows:
  • r is defined as the saddle-type outer loop curve formula, Is a formula that is tangent to the vertical plane of the virtual inner ring, r0 is the radius of the orthographic projection curve (which is a ring) of the virtual inner ring in the xoy plane, and (x0, y0) is the orthographic curve (for a ring) ) on the point.
  • the cable body is made of a high vanadium (Galfan) coated cable.
  • the node is characterized in that the intersection of the cable and the cable adopts an adjustable angle node: one is a node design in which a single cable intersects a single cable; the other is a node design in which a double cable and a double cable intersect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)

Abstract

一种单层无内环交叉索支结构，属于空间单层索支结构领域。它包括由不在同一个平面内的马鞍型构成的外环（3）和由多根交叉布置的拉索组成的单层空间索网体系两部分组成。本结构外环为马鞍型曲线，马鞍型曲面内通过一部分索向下凸起形成承重索（1），用于抵抗向下的自重、雨雪等荷载；另一部分索向上凸起形成稳定索（2），用于抵抗向上的风吸力等荷载。具有结构布置合理、抗连续性倒塌显著、造型轻盈、结构美学效果好等优点，而且易于制作和施工，具有很强的工程实践可行性。

Description

一种单层无内环交叉索支结构 技术领域
本发明是一种单层无内环交叉索支结构，属于一种新型单层空间结构体系，主要应用于空间结构领域。对于满足超大跨度的中间开口的体育场的功能要求具有显著的优势。
背景技术
悬索结构是一种处于空间受力状态的结构，多用于大跨度屋盖结构中。悬索结构广泛用于桥梁结构,用于房屋建筑则适用于大跨度建筑物,如体育建筑(体育馆、游泳馆大运动场等)、工业车间、文化生活建筑(陈列馆杂技厅、市场等)及特殊构筑物等。
在体育场馆等公共建筑中，索结构是索结构的一种形式。索桁架结构的布置形式主要有平行布置、垂直交叉布置、轮辐式布置等。其中轮辐式索桁架的不足之处主要在于有中央内环索，一旦内环失效，结构体系完全失效，甚至导致结构整体垮塌。另外刚性撑杆的存在，需要考虑撑杆的失稳问题，不能充分发挥材料的强度，经济性不佳。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是为了弥补现有结构的抗连续性倒塌差和结构受压杆系稳定性的问题，提出了一种适用于体育场的单层无内环交叉索支结构形式。
它包括由不在同一个平面内的马鞍型构成的外环和由若干根交叉布置的拉索组成的单层空间索网体系两部分组成，形成具有良好空间受力性能的中间开口、周边布置屋面的索支结构形式。
马鞍型曲面的作用，一方面可以承担自重、雪荷载、屋面其他载荷等向下的竖向荷载；另一方面可以承担风荷载对屋面向上的吸力。
单层形成的过程是：先由马鞍型公式确定边曲线，形成马鞍型曲面，然后索的曲线用其实就是马鞍型曲面与相切于虚拟内环的竖直平面的交线段，且交线段的两个端点在马鞍型外环曲线上。交线段都是空间曲线，不是直线。所有节点均为两两相交，不存在两条以上空间曲线相交于一点的情况。
施工过程：本结构边桁架组装拼接完成，然后在地面把全部索组装完成，索与索的相交节点用所列的索与索的节点采用可自由转动的的节点，从而使索与索之间传力更加明确，只传递正向压力。当结构整体跨度不大时，采用单根索与单根索设计；当跨度较大，单根索需要的直径很大时，采用双根比单根更利于施工，对结构来说也更安全。地面组装完成之后，直接提升至设计高度，分阶段依次张拉索，最终索固定于边桁架的耳板上，即可完成施工。
本体系与轮辐式等有内环结构体系相比，很好的避免了内环存在，有内环结构体系当跨度加大时，内环的力很大，从而导致内环直径过大超出现有的制作水平。相较于有内环，本结构索力分布更加均匀，充分利用材料强度，具有十分可观的经济性。
从结构体系整体分析考虑，每根单向索均可独立于其他索单独承受荷载，因此即使某一根或几根索发生断索而退出工作，结构剩余部分仍可承担荷载，结构发生整体连续性倒塌的概率较小。本结构外环为马鞍型曲线，马鞍型曲面内通过一部分索向下凸起形成承重索，用于抵抗向下的自重、雨雪等荷载；另一部分索向上凸起形成稳定索，用于抵抗向上的风吸力等荷载。对于中间开口、周边布置屋面的体育场结构，当屋面采用轻质材料同时风荷载较大时，即使总的竖向荷载向上。在这种极特殊情况下，承重索变成稳定索，稳定索变为承重索，结构体系可以正常承担风荷载作用下的极大的向上吸力。
一种单层无内环交叉索支结构，索与索的节点采用可自由转动的的节点，从而使索与索之间传力更加明确，只传递正向压力。当结构整体跨度不大时，采用单根索与单根索设计。当跨度较大，单根索需要的直径很大时，采用双根比单根更利于施工，对结构来说也更安全。
由受压边桁架提供约束以平衡拉索中的水平力。
所述的结构体系内的构件全部采用受拉构件，充分利用索结构的抗拉性能，实现很好地经济性。
本发明的一种单层无内环交叉索支结构具有结构布置合理(索力分布均匀)、抗连续性倒塌显著、造型轻盈、结构美学效果好等优点，而且易于制作和施工，具有很强的工程实践可行性。
附图说明
图1是一种单层无内环交叉索支结构轴测图
图2是一种单层无内环交叉索支结构俯视图
图3是一种单层无内环交叉索支结构主视图
图4是一种单层无内环交叉索支结构左视图
图5是一种显示了虚内环的单层无内环交叉索支结构图
图6是一种单层无内环交叉索支结构形成的过程示意图
图7是一种单层无内环交叉索支结构的布置方案形式举例(俯视图)
图8是一种单层无内环交叉索支结构的单索与单索相交节点
图9是一种单层无内环交叉索支结构的双索与双索相交节点
图中：
1、单根拉索(承重索)
2、单根拉索(稳定索)
3、马鞍型边桁架
4.螺栓
5.螺栓孔
6.上盖板
7.中盖板
8.旋转中轴
9.螺栓
10.旋转中轴
11.上盖板
12.螺栓孔
13.中盖板
具体实施方式
一种单层无内环交叉索支结构，属于空间单层索支结构领域。它包括马鞍型边桁架部分以及由多根交叉布置的拉索组成的单层索网体系部分，形成具有良好空间受力性能的中间开口、周边布置屋面的无内环全张拉交叉索桁架结构体系；由交叉布置的拉索承担所有的屋 面荷载，由受压马鞍型边桁架提供约束以平衡拉索中的水平力。所述的交叉布置的索与索的连接形式均为铰接节点。
施工过程中：首先施工外环，外环分段制作，合拢焊接成功之后，安装每根单索，分批张拉成形，达到设计所预定的形态。
马鞍型外环曲线公式如下，其实就是马鞍型曲面和圆柱形曲面的交线，原点就是马鞍型外环曲线的中心点(同样也是马鞍型曲面的中心点)。式中，p是一个大于1的实数，表示马鞍型外环曲线在z轴方向的弯曲程度，p越小表示曲线越弯曲，p越大曲线越平直；r是圆柱形的半径，即马鞍型外环曲线在xoy平面内正投影曲线(为一个圆环)的半径。
Figure PCTCN2018123668-appb-000001
而索的曲线，其实就是马鞍型曲面与相切于虚拟内环的竖直平面的交线段，且交线段的两个端点在马鞍型外环曲线上。其公式如下：
Figure PCTCN2018123668-appb-000002
且其端点满足：
Figure PCTCN2018123668-appb-000003
式中，p,r的定义同马鞍型外环曲线公式，
Figure PCTCN2018123668-appb-000004
是相切于虚拟内环的竖直平面的公式，r0是虚拟内环在xoy平面内正投影曲线(为一个圆环)的半径，(x0,y0)是该正投影曲线(为一个圆环)上的点。
所述的索体采用高钒索(Galfan)镀层拉索。其节点特征在于：索与索的相交节点采用可调节角度的节点：一种是单根索与单根索相交的节点设计；另一种是双根索与双根索相交的节点设计。由若干根拉索交叉布置形成的单层空间索网，包括但不仅限于附图7所列索网布置的形式。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种单层无内环交叉索支结构，其特征在于：外环采用不在同一个平面内的马鞍型构成的外环和由多根交叉布置的拉索组成的单层空间索网体系部分，形成体系无内环、中间开口、周边布置屋面的索支结构形式。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的单层无内环交叉索支结构，其特征在于：
    先由马鞍型公式确定边曲线，形成马鞍型曲面，然后索的曲线用其实就是马鞍型曲面与相切于虚拟内环的竖直平面的交线段，且交线段的两个端点在马鞍型外环曲线上，交线段都是空间曲线；所有节点均为两两相交，不存在两条以上空间曲线相交于一点的情况。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的单层无内环交叉索支结构，其特征在于：索与索的相交节点采用可调节角度的节点。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的单层无内环交叉索支结构，其特征在于：索与索的相交节点采用单根索与单根索相交的节点设计或者双根索与双根索相交的节点设计。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的单层无内环交叉索支结构，其特征在于：本结构边桁架组装拼接完成，然后在地面把全部索组装完成，地面组装完成之后，直接提升至设计高度，张拉索，最终索固定于边桁架的耳板上，完成施工。
PCT/CN2018/123668 2018-12-18 2018-12-26 一种单层无内环交叉索支结构 WO2019218680A1 (zh)

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