WO2019206028A1 - 一种可单向锁止的手术钳结构 - Google Patents

一种可单向锁止的手术钳结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019206028A1
WO2019206028A1 PCT/CN2019/083375 CN2019083375W WO2019206028A1 WO 2019206028 A1 WO2019206028 A1 WO 2019206028A1 CN 2019083375 W CN2019083375 W CN 2019083375W WO 2019206028 A1 WO2019206028 A1 WO 2019206028A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
locking
buckle
surgical forceps
lock
swing arm
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PCT/CN2019/083375
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾飞
李益民
赵志刚
鄢家杰
Original Assignee
湖南瀚德微创医疗科技有限公司
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Application filed by 湖南瀚德微创医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 湖南瀚德微创医疗科技有限公司
Priority to AU2019258296A priority Critical patent/AU2019258296B2/en
Publication of WO2019206028A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019206028A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B17/2909—Handles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/2946—Locking means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a surgical clamp structure which can be locked in one direction.
  • a unidirectionally locking surgical forceps structure comprising a front fixed handle, a rear movable handle rotatable about a center of rotation, a locking buckle rotatable about a hinge center, and a drive lock
  • the rotating driving mechanism and the locking buckle torsion spring are provided with ratchet teeth, and the locking buckle is matched with the ratchet teeth in the locked state.
  • the driving mechanism includes a locking slider, a switching mechanism disposed on one side of the locking slider for implementing the locking slider to move forward or backward, and a locking slider disposed on the other side of the locking slider.
  • a return spring is connected to the lock buckle by the link transmission member.
  • the switching mechanism includes a fixed seat, an active rotor and a driven rotor, the fixed seat is slidably sleeved with the active rotor, and one end of the active rotor is provided with a first button, and the driven rotor is disposed at the fixed seat and the lock
  • a plurality of bosses are arranged circumferentially on the side wall of the driven rotor, and a side of the boss contacting the fixed seat is a sloped surface, and the active rotor is disposed away from the first button end with a slope which is meshed with the inclined end of the boss.
  • the tooth structure, the fixing seat and the driven rotor contact side are circumferentially alternately provided with a sawtooth groove and a through groove.
  • the inner wall of the fixing seat is provided with a guiding groove that is slidingly engaged with the active rotor.
  • the driving mechanism includes a locking push rod, a second button disposed at one end of the locking push rod, a locking swing arm disposed at the other end of the locking push rod, and a locking chute, the locking buckle and the lock
  • the lock lever is hinged, and the lock swing arm is hinged with the lock push rod, and a lock swing arm reset torsion spring is disposed between the lock swing arm and the lock push rod, and the lock chute is opened and locked Buckle.
  • a first button return spring is disposed between the first button and the fixed seat.
  • the link transmission member includes a first link, a second link, and a third link that are hingedly driven.
  • the lock chute includes a first chute section, a second chute section, a third chute section and a fourth chute section, and the first chute section and the second chute section are used for locking the swing
  • the free end of the arm is guided into the locking buckle, and the third sliding slot section and the fourth sliding slot section are used to guide the free end of the locking swing arm away from the locking buckle.
  • the one-way locking surgical forceps structure of the invention comprises a front fixed handle, a rear movable handle rotatable about the rotation center, a locking buckle rotatable about the hinge center, and a driving lock buckle.
  • the driving mechanism and the locking buckle torsion spring are provided with ratchet teeth on the rear movable handle, and the locking buckle is matched with the ratchet teeth in the locked state.
  • the surgical forceps structure of the structure can drive the locking buckle to be separated or meshed with the ratchet teeth by the driving mechanism, thereby switching between the one-way clamping locking state and the non-unidirectional clamping locking state, thereby improving the operating efficiency and reducing The work intensity of the doctor.
  • 1 is a schematic overall structural view of the first embodiment in a locked state
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure in the non-locking state in Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship of the components of the switching mechanism in the locked state in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship of the components of the switching mechanism in the non-locking state in Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a switching critical state of a switching mechanism in Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fixing base of the switching mechanism in Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the movement state of each component when switching between the locked state and the non-locked state in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic overall structural view of the second embodiment in a locked state
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the embodiment 2 in an unlocked state
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship of the components of the drive mechanism in the locked state in the second embodiment
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship of the components of the drive mechanism in the non-locking state in the second embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the movement state of each component when switching to the locked state
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic view showing the movement state of each component when switching to the non-locking state.
  • the unidirectionally locking surgical forceps structure of the present embodiment includes a front fixed handle 1, a rear movable handle 3 rotatable about a center of rotation, and a locking buckle 2 rotatable about a hinge center.
  • the driving mechanism for driving the locking buckle to rotate and the locking buckle torsion spring 10, the center of rotation of the rear movable handle and the hinge center of the locking buckle are all on the front fixed handle, and the rear movable handle is provided with ratchet teeth, in the locked state
  • the locking buckle cooperates with the ratchet tooth drive
  • the driving mechanism comprises a locking slider 7 , a switching mechanism 9 disposed on one side of the locking slider for implementing the locking slider to move forward or backward, and a locking mechanism 9
  • the lock slider on the other side of the slider returns the spring 8 , and the lock slider is connected to the lock buckle through the link transmission member, and the front handle is provided with a sliding slot for the lock slider to slide, the connection
  • the lever transmission member includes a first link 4, a second link 5, and a third link 6 that are hingedly driven
  • the switching mechanism includes a fixed seat 92, an active rotor 93, and a driven rotor 91, the fixed seat and the active rotor Sliding
  • the fixed seat and the driven rotor are alternately opened with a serration groove 923 and a through groove 921 in the circumferential direction.
  • the bosses of the driven rotor side walls are alternately engaged with the through grooves and the sawtooth grooves, and the inner wall of the fixing seat is provided with a guiding groove 922 which is slidably engaged with the active rotor.
  • the locking buckle is engaged with the ratchet teeth on the rear movable handle under the action of the locking buckle torsion spring, and the rear movable handle can only move in one direction, achieving a single
  • the locking function is used to continuously and effectively hold the human tissue during the operation, thereby improving the operation efficiency and reducing the working intensity of the doctor.
  • the connection state of the components of the switching mechanism is as shown in FIG. 3, and the boss of the driven rotor side wall Cooperating with the through groove of the fixing seat, the locking slider is at the leftmost side under the elastic force of the locking slider return spring; when in the non-locking state, the state of each component is as shown in FIG.
  • the locking slider Movement, the rotation of the lock buckle is driven by the connecting rod transmission member to disengage the locking buckle from the ratchet teeth, thereby releasing the one-way locking state, and the connection state of each component of the switching mechanism is as shown in FIG. 4, and the side wall of the driven rotor is The boss cooperates with the serration groove of the fixed seat, and the driven rotor moves to the right as a whole, thereby pushing the lock slider as a whole to the right and compressing the lock slider return spring.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the critical state of the active rotor and the driven rotor during the switching process. The active rotor pushes the driven rotor away from the through slot.
  • the helical teeth at the end of the active rotor The structure and the inclined surface of the boss combine with the guiding action of the sawtooth groove and the inclined surface of the boss, so that the driven rotor rotates at a certain angle and causes the boss of the driven rotor side wall to slide into the sawtooth groove.
  • the driven rotor is shifted to the right.
  • a certain distance is used to push the lock slider to the right by a certain distance.
  • the lock buckle is rotated by the link transmission member to disengage the lock buckle from the ratchet teeth, thereby releasing the one-way lock. status.
  • the motion state of each component is as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the fixing seat.
  • the inner wall of the fixing seat is provided with a guiding groove slidingly matched with the active rotor, and the guiding groove is inside the sawtooth groove, thereby avoiding the switching process of the driven rotor position.
  • the boss of the side wall thereof is snapped into the guide groove. Pressing the first button again, the components move in opposite states, and can be switched to the locked state again.
  • the unidirectionally locking surgical forceps structure of the present embodiment includes a front fixed handle 1, a rear movable handle 3 rotatable around the center of rotation, a locking buckle 2 that can rotate around the hinge center, and a drive lock.
  • the driving mechanism of the buckle rotation and the torsion spring 10 of the locking buckle, the center of rotation of the rear movable handle and the hinge center of the locking buckle are all on the front fixed handle, and the rear movable handle is provided with ratchet teeth, and is locked in the locked state.
  • the buckle cooperates with the ratchet tooth drive, the drive mechanism includes a lock push rod 15, a second button 14 disposed at one end of the lock push rod, a lock swing arm disposed at the other end of the lock push rod, and a lock chute 13
  • the lock buckle is hinged with the lock push rod, the lock swing arm is hinged with the lock push rod, and the lock swing arm reset torsion spring is disposed between the lock swing arm and the lock push rod, the lock
  • the locking slot is provided with a locking buckle.
  • the locking sliding slot includes a first sliding slot section, a second sliding slot section, a third sliding slot section and a fourth sliding slot section, and the first sliding slot section and the second sliding slot section
  • the sliding slot section is configured to guide the free end of the locking swing arm into the locking buckle, and the third sliding slot section and the fourth sliding slot section are used for guiding the free end of the locking swing arm away from the locking Bit.
  • the locking buckle is engaged with the ratchet teeth of the rear movable handle under the action of the torsion spring of the locking buckle, and the rear movable handle can only move in one direction, thereby realizing The one-way locking function, the connection state of the components of the drive mechanism is as shown in Figure 10, the lock swing arm is in a free state; when in the non-locked state, the state of each component is as shown in Figure 9, the lock push rod is shifted to the right.
  • the lock buckle movement interval changes. In the movement interval, the lock buckle can never engage with the ratchet teeth, thereby releasing the one-way lock state, and the connection state of each component of the drive mechanism is as shown in FIG. 11 , and the swing arm is locked. The free end snaps into the locking buckle.
  • the locking process between the locked state and the non-locked state is described in detail below.
  • the second button pushes the lock pusher to the right, one
  • the lock buckle movement interval changes, in which the lock buckle can never engage with the ratchet teeth, thereby releasing the one-way lock state, and on the other hand, the lock push rod pushes the lock swing arm to move, and locks
  • the free end of the swing arm reaches the first chute section, and the first chute section is a sloped downward slope, and the push-up push rod is continuously pushed, so that the lock swing arm swings around the hinge point, and at the same time, the lock swing arm is The free end slides obliquely downward along the first sliding slot section, and then slides into the locking buckle through the second sliding slot section; when switching from the non-locking state to the locked state, the second button is pressed again, and the locking is pushed by the locking The lever pushes the lock swing arm to move,

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Abstract

一种可单向锁止的手术钳结构，包括前定柄(1)、可绕回转中心转动的后动柄(3)、可绕铰接中心转动的锁止扣(2)、驱动锁止扣转动的驱动机构以及锁止扣扭簧(10)，后动柄(3)上设置有棘轮齿，在锁止状态下锁止扣(2)与棘轮齿传动配合。可单向锁止的手术钳结构，可根据需要实现单向夹持锁紧状态，提高了手术效率，降低了医生的工作强度。

Description

一种可单向锁止的手术钳结构
本申请要求2018年04月23日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810368649.7、发明名称为“一种可单向锁止的手术钳结构”的发明专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域，具体涉及一种可单向锁止的手术钳结构。
背景技术
随着医学技术发展，内窥镜手术作为一种新型手术方式越来越受到医生和患者的青睐，具有手术创口小等优点。在手术过程中因手术需要不同，有时需要对组织进行长时间的抓持，此时需要我们的手术钳具备锁止功能，有时需要不断的开合手术钳对不同的部位进行操作，此时则希望解除其锁止功能，而现有带锁止功能的手术钳需要持续压住开关来实现解除或保持锁止状态，亦或是更换其他手术器械，极大的增加了医生的工作强度，降低了医生的手术效率。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种可单向锁止的手术钳结构，以便提高手术效率、降低医生的工作强度。
本发明通过以下技术手段解决上述问题：一种可单向锁止的手术钳结构，包括前定柄、可绕回转中心转动的后动柄、可绕铰接中心转动的锁止扣、驱动锁止扣转动的驱动机构以及锁止扣扭簧，所述后动柄上设置有棘轮齿，在锁止状态下锁止扣与棘轮齿传动配合。
进一步，所述驱动机构包括锁止滑块、设置在锁止滑块一侧的用于实现锁止滑块前移或后退的切换机构以及设置在锁止滑块另一侧的锁止滑块复位弹簧，所述锁止滑块通过连杆传动件与锁止扣连接。
进一步，所述切换机构包括固定座、主动转子和从动转子，所述固定座与主动转子滑动套接，所述主动转子一端设置有第一按键，所述从动转 子布置在固定座与锁止滑块之间，从动转子侧壁周向布置有多个凸台，凸台与固定座接触一侧为斜面，主动转子远离第一按键一端设置有与凸台的斜面端啮合传动的斜齿结构，固定座与从动转子接触一侧周向交替开设有锯齿槽和通槽。
进一步，所述固定座内壁开设有与主动转子滑动配合的导向槽。
进一步，所述驱动机构包括锁止推杆、设置在锁止推杆一端的第二按键、设置在锁止推杆另一端的锁止摆臂以及锁止滑槽，所述锁止扣与锁止推杆铰接，所述锁止摆臂与锁止推杆铰接，锁止摆臂与锁止推杆之间设置有锁止摆臂复位扭簧，所述锁止滑槽内开设有锁止扣位。
进一步，所述第一按键与固定座之间设置有第一按键复位弹簧。
进一步，所述连杆传动件包括铰接传动的第一连杆、第二连杆和第三连杆。
进一步，所述锁止滑槽包括第一滑槽段、第二滑槽段、第三滑槽段和第四滑槽段，第一滑槽段与第二滑槽段用于将锁止摆臂的自由端导入锁止扣位，第三滑槽段和第四滑槽段用于将锁止摆臂的自由端导离锁止扣位。
进一步，锁止摆臂的自由端沿第一滑槽段倾斜向下移动。
进一步，锁止摆臂的自由端沿第四滑槽段倾斜向上移动。
本发明的有益效果：本发明的可单向锁止的手术钳结构，包括前定柄、可绕回转中心转动的后动柄、可绕铰接中心转动的锁止扣、驱动锁止扣转动的驱动机构以及锁止扣扭簧，所述后动柄上设置有棘轮齿，在锁止状态下锁止扣与棘轮齿传动配合。该结构的手术钳结构，通过驱动机构驱动锁止扣与棘轮齿分离或啮合，即可在单向夹持锁紧状态与非单向夹持锁紧状态之间切换，提高了手术效率，降低了医生的工作强度。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
图1为实施例1中处于锁止状态的整体结构示意图；
图2为实施例1中处于非锁止状态的整体结构示意图；
图3为实施例1中处于锁止状态时切换机构各部件的连接关系示意 图；
图4为实施例1中处于非锁止状态时切换机构各部件的连接关系示意图；
图5为实施例1中切换机构的切换临界状态示意图；
图6为实施例1中切换机构的固定座的结构示意图；
图7为实施例1中锁止状态与非锁止状态之间进行切换时各部件的运动状态示意图；
图8为实施例2中处于锁止状态的整体结构示意图；
图9为实施例2中处于非锁止状态的整体结构示意图；
图10为实施例2中处于锁止状态时驱动机构各部件的连接关系示意图；
图11为实施例2中处于非锁止状态时驱动机构各部件的连接关系示意图；
图12为切换至锁止状态时各部件的运动状态示意图；
图13为切换至非锁止状态时各部件的运动状态示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1
如图1-7所示，本实施例的可单向锁止的手术钳结构，包括前定柄1、可绕回转中心转动的后动柄3、可绕铰接中心转动的锁止扣2、驱动锁止扣转动的驱动机构以及锁止扣扭簧10，后动柄的回转中心以及锁止扣的铰接中心均处于前定柄上，后动柄上设置有棘轮齿，在锁止状态下锁止扣与棘轮齿传动配合，所述述驱动机构包括锁止滑块7、设置在锁止滑块一侧的用于实现锁止滑块前移或后退的切换机构9以及设置在锁止滑块另一侧的锁止滑块复位弹簧8，所述锁止滑块通过连杆传动件与锁止扣连接，前定柄上开设有供锁止滑块滑动的滑槽，所述连杆传动件包括铰接传动的第一连杆4、第二连杆5和第三连杆6，所述切换机构包括固定座92、主动转子93和从动转子91，所述固定座与主动转子滑动套接，所述主动转子一端设置 有第一按键11，所述第一按键与固定座之间设置有第一按键复位弹簧12，所述从动转子布置在固定座与锁止滑块之间，从动转子侧壁周向布置有多个凸台，凸台与固定座接触一侧为斜面，主动转子远离第一按键一端设置有与凸台的斜面端啮合传动的斜齿结构，固定座与从动转子接触一侧周向交替开设有锯齿槽923和通槽921，在锁止状态与非锁止状态切换过程中，从动转子侧壁的凸台交替卡入通槽和锯齿槽，所述固定座内壁开设有与主动转子滑动配合的导向槽922。当处于锁止状态时，各部件状态如图1所示，锁止扣在锁止扣扭簧作用下与后动柄上的棘轮齿啮合，后动柄只能朝一个方向运动，实现了单向锁止功能，以便在手术过程中持续、有效夹持住人体组织，从而提高手术效率、降低医生工作强度，切换机构各部件的连接状态如图3所示，从动转子侧壁的凸台与固定座的通槽配合，在锁止滑块复位弹簧的弹力作用下，锁止滑块处于最左侧；当处于非锁止状态时，各部件状态如图2所示，锁止滑块移动，通过连杆传动件带动锁止扣转动，使锁止扣与棘轮齿脱离啮合，从而解除单向锁止状态，切换机构各部件的连接状态如图4所示，从动转子侧壁的凸台与固定座的锯齿槽配合，从动转子整体右移，从而推动锁止滑块整体右移并压缩锁止滑块复位弹簧。
为使上述技术方案更加清楚，下面详细介绍锁止状态与非锁止状态之间的切换过程，当由锁止状态切换至非锁止状态时，按压第一按键，推动主动转子右移，通过主动转子推动从动转子右移，图5为切换过程中，主动转子与从动转子的临界状态示意图，主动转子推动从动转子与通槽脱离，在推动过程中，主动转子端部的斜齿结构与凸台的斜面作用，结合锯齿槽与凸台斜面的导向作用，使得从动转子转动一定角度并使得从动转子侧壁的凸台滑入锯齿槽，此时，从动转子整体右移了一定距离，从而推动锁止滑块右移一定距离，锁止滑块右移过程中，通过连杆传动件带动锁止扣转动，使锁止扣与棘轮齿脱离，从而解除单向锁止状态。在切换过程中，各部件的运动状态如图7所示。固定座对主动转子的移动具有导向作用，图6为固定座的结构示意图，在固定座内壁开设有与主动转子滑动配合的导向槽，导向槽处于锯齿槽内侧，避免了从动转子位置切换过程中其侧壁的凸台卡入导向槽。再次按压第一按键，各部件运动状态相反，可再次切换至锁止状态。
实施例2
如图8-13，本实施例的可单向锁止的手术钳结构，括前定柄1、可绕回转中心转动的后动柄3、可绕铰接中心转动的锁止扣2、驱动锁止扣转动的驱动机构以及锁止扣扭簧10，后动柄的回转中心以及锁止扣的铰接中心均处于前定柄上，后动柄上设置有棘轮齿，在锁止状态下锁止扣与棘轮齿传动配合，所述驱动机构包括锁止推杆15、设置在锁止推杆一端的第二按键14、设置在锁止推杆另一端的锁止摆臂以及锁止滑槽13，所述锁止扣与锁止推杆铰接，所述锁止摆臂与锁止推杆铰接，锁止摆臂与锁止推杆之间设置有锁止摆臂复位扭簧，所述锁止滑槽内开设有锁止扣位，所述锁止滑槽包括第一滑槽段、第二滑槽段、第三滑槽段和第四滑槽段，第一滑槽段与第二滑槽段用于将锁止摆臂的自由端导入锁止扣位，第三滑槽段和第四滑槽段用于将锁止摆臂的自由端导离锁止扣位。当处于锁止状态时，各部件状态如图8所示，锁止扣在锁止扣扭簧的作用下，与后动柄的棘轮齿啮合，后动柄只能朝一个方向运动，实现了单向锁止功能，驱动机构各部件的连接状态如图10所示，锁止摆臂处于自由状态；当处于非锁止状态时，各部件状态如图9所示，锁止推杆右移，锁止扣运动区间变化，在该运动区间内，锁止扣始终无法与棘轮齿啮合，从而解除单向锁止状态，驱动机构各部件的连接状态如图11所示，锁止摆臂的自由端卡入锁止扣位。
为使上述技术方案更加清楚，下面详细介绍锁止状态与非锁止状态之间的切换过程，当由锁止状态切换至非锁止状态时，第二按键推动锁止推杆右移，一方面，锁止扣运动区间变化，在该运动区间内，锁止扣始终无法与棘轮齿啮合，从而解除单向锁止状态，另一方面，锁止推杆推动锁止摆臂移动，锁止摆臂的自由端抵达第一滑槽段处，第一滑槽段为倾斜向下的斜面，继续推动锁止推杆，会使锁止摆臂绕铰接点摆动，同时使锁止摆臂的自由端沿第一滑槽段倾斜向下滑动，随后经第二滑槽段滑入锁止扣位；当由非锁止状态切换至锁止状态时，再次按压第二按键，通过锁止推杆推动锁止摆臂移动，使锁止摆臂的自由端与锁止扣位脱离，进入第三滑槽段，而后沿第四滑槽段倾斜向上移动并最终脱离锁止滑槽，在锁止扣扭簧的作用下，锁止扣恢复与棘轮齿啮合的状态，从而切换至单向锁止状态。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制， 尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种可单向锁止的手术钳结构，其特征在于：包括前定柄、可绕回转中心转动的后动柄、可绕铰接中心转动的锁止扣、驱动锁止扣转动的驱动机构以及锁止扣扭簧，所述后动柄上设置有棘轮齿，在锁止状态下锁止扣与棘轮齿传动配合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可单向锁止的手术钳结构，其特征在于：所述驱动机构包括锁止滑块、设置在锁止滑块一侧的用于实现锁止滑块前移或后退的切换机构以及设置在锁止滑块另一侧的锁止滑块复位弹簧，所述锁止滑块通过连杆传动件与锁止扣连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的可单向锁止的手术钳结构，其特征在于：所述切换机构包括固定座、主动转子和从动转子，所述固定座与主动转子滑动套接，所述主动转子一端设置有第一按键，所述从动转子布置在固定座与锁止滑块之间，从动转子侧壁周向布置有多个凸台，凸台与固定座接触一侧为斜面，主动转子远离第一按键一端设置有与凸台的斜面端啮合传动的斜齿结构，固定座与从动转子接触一侧周向交替开设有锯齿槽和通槽。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的可单向锁止的手术钳结构，其特征在于：所述固定座内壁开设有与主动转子滑动配合的导向槽。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的可单向锁止的手术钳结构，其特征在于：所述驱动机构包括锁止推杆、设置在锁止推杆一端的第二按键、设置在锁止推杆另一端的锁止摆臂以及锁止滑槽，所述锁止扣与锁止推杆铰接，所述锁止摆臂与锁止推杆铰接，锁止摆臂与锁止推杆之间设置有锁止摆臂复位扭簧，所述锁止滑槽内开设有锁止扣位。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的可单向锁止的手术钳结构，其特征在于：所述第一按键与固定座之间设置有第一按键复位弹簧。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的可单向锁止的手术钳结构，其特征在于：所述连杆传动件包括铰接传动的第一连杆、第二连杆和第三连杆。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的可单向锁止的手术钳结构，其特征在于：所述锁止滑槽包括第一滑槽段、第二滑槽段、第三滑槽段和第四滑槽段，第一滑槽段与第二滑槽段用于将锁止摆臂的自由端导入锁止扣位，第三滑槽段和第四滑槽段用于将锁止摆臂的自由端导离锁止扣位。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的可单向锁止的手术钳结构，其特征在于：锁止摆臂的自由端沿第一滑槽段倾斜向下移动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的可单向锁止的手术钳结构，其特征在于：锁止摆臂的自由端沿第四滑槽段倾斜向上移动。
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