WO2019205713A1

WO2019205713A1 - Loudspeaker module and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: WO2019205713A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/125471
Authority: WO
Inventors: 孙小光; 邵帅
Original assignee: 歌尔股份有限公司
Priority date: 2018-04-28
Filing date: 2018-12-29
Publication date: 2019-10-31
Also published as: CN108430018B; CN108430018A

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides a loudspeaker module and electronic equipment. The loudspeaker module comprises a housing and a loudspeaker unit; a closed rear acoustic cavity is formed between the loudspeaker unit and the housing; a first porous sound absorbing material and a second porous sound absorbing material are disposed in a resonance area of the rear acoustic cavity; the first sound absorbing material partitions the rear acoustic cavity into a first rear cavity close to the loudspeaker unit and a second rear cavity away from the loudspeaker unit, and air currents in the rear acoustic cavity flow to the second rear cavity from the first rear cavity; and the second sound absorbing material located in the second rear cavity is disposed in a direction of the air currents and is disposed close to the first sound absorbing material. According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the degree of influence on F0 and Q value is reduced while standing waves are eliminated, such that excellent acoustic performance can be achieved.

Description

Speaker module and electronic equipment

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electroacoustic conversion devices, and in particular, to a speaker module and an electronic device.

Background technique

The speaker module is a device that can convert electrical energy into sound energy, and is widely used in electronic devices such as mobile phones and computers.

With the upgrading of electronic products, electronic products such as mobile phones and tablet computers are becoming thinner and thinner, and the Z-axis space of the speaker module products (the Z-axis size is the height of the speaker module) is getting smaller and smaller. The irregular module back cavity and the extreme back cavity height cause the back cavity to resonate, generating standing waves that affect the acoustic performance of the speaker module. In the prior art, in order to eliminate standing waves, sound absorbing cotton is attached to the rear cavity. However, the sound absorbing cotton sticking method in the prior art can eliminate the standing wave to a certain extent, but at the same time, the lowest resonance frequency F0 is significantly increased, and the quality factor Q value is significantly lowered, which is difficult to meet the performance requirement.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to reduce the influence on the F0 and Q values while eliminating standing waves to obtain better acoustic performance.

According to an aspect of the invention, a speaker module is provided. The speaker module comprises: a housing and a speaker unit;

Forming a sealed rear acoustic cavity between the speaker unit and the housing;

a first sound absorbing material and a second sound absorbing material in a porous region of the rear acoustic cavity; wherein

The first sound absorbing material partitions the rear sound chamber into a first rear cavity adjacent to the speaker unit and a second rear cavity away from the speaker unit, and the airflow in the rear sound cavity is from the first rear The cavity flows toward the second back cavity;

The second sound absorbing material located in the second rear cavity is disposed along the airflow direction and disposed adjacent to the first sound absorbing material.

Optionally, the second sound absorbing material has a rectangular structure, and a length direction of the second sound absorbing material is disposed along the airflow direction.

Optionally, the first sound absorbing material and the second sound absorbing material are disposed in a T shape.

Optionally, the first sound absorbing material and the second sound absorbing material are integrally disposed.

Optionally, the first sound absorbing material is sealingly connected to the inner wall of the casing through a colloid to block the first rear cavity and the second rear cavity.

Optionally, the compression ratio of the first sound absorbing material and the second sound absorbing material are both equal to or less than 3:1.

Optionally, the area in which the size of the rear acoustic cavity is changed from large to small is the resonance area; the first sound absorbing material is located in a large size area in the area where the size is changed from large to small; the second sound absorbing material is located The size is a small-sized area in a region that is large and small. .

Optionally, the housing is located in a shell wall of the rear acoustic cavity region or two opposite shell walls are indented into the rear acoustic cavity to form an area where the size is changed from large to small.

Optionally, the small-sized area in the area where the size is changed from large to small includes a contraction channel formed in the rear acoustic cavity, and the second sound absorbing material traverses from one end of the contraction channel to the contraction channel The other end.

Optionally, a filling space is disposed in the rear acoustic cavity; the filling space is filled with a third sound absorbing material.

Optionally, a leakage hole is defined in the housing at a position facing the rear acoustic cavity; the leakage hole is covered with a damping member.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes the above speaker module.

In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the partitioning of the first sound absorbing material can avoid forming a slit for further enhancing resonance between the casing and the casing; the second sound absorbing material is disposed along the airflow direction, which can effectively increase the sound wave flowing through the sound absorbing sound. The path of the material to eliminate the standing wave generated by the resonance to a large extent, and improve the acoustic performance of the speaker module. Moreover, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the elimination of the standing wave without changing the cavity structure of the module, and can greatly reduce the usage of the sound absorbing material, and avoid filling the sound absorbing material in the rear sound cavity. Problems such as large fluctuations in F0 and Q values caused by the decrease in compliance caused.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the Detailed Description of the <RTIgt;

DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in FIG.

1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a speaker module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is an exploded view of a speaker module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a frequency response of a speaker module before and after a sound absorbing cotton is provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention unless otherwise specified.

The following description of the at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way

Techniques and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques and devices should be considered as part of the specification.

In all of the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values are to be construed as illustrative only and not as a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters indicate similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it is not required to be further discussed in the subsequent figures.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a speaker module according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the speaker module includes: a housing 1 and a speaker unit 2; a sealed rear acoustic cavity 10 is formed between the speaker unit 2 and the housing 1; and a resonant region of the rear acoustic cavity 10 a first sound absorbing material 21 and a second sound absorbing material 22 are provided in a porous shape; wherein the first sound absorbing material 21 partitions the rear sound chamber 10 into the first rear cavity 101 of the speaker unit 2 and away from a second rear cavity 102 of the speaker unit 2, an air flow in the rear acoustic cavity 10 flows from the first rear cavity 101 to the second rear cavity 102; the inner located in the second rear cavity 102 The second sound absorbing material 22 is disposed along the airflow direction and disposed adjacent to the first sound absorbing material 21.

The first sound absorbing material 21 and the second sound absorbing material 22 are both porous, and the first sound absorbing material 21 and the second sound absorbing material 22 include, but are not limited to, sound absorbing cotton, porous ceramic, foam plastic, and foam glass. The porous structure in the first sound absorbing material 21 and the second sound absorbing material 22 ensures that the airflow is permeable.

Since the air flow is emitted from the speaker unit, the first rear chamber 101 is closer to the speaker unit 2 than the second rear chamber 102.

Since the irregularities of the rear acoustic cavity 10 and the Z-axis limit cause resonance of certain regions of the rear acoustic cavity 10, the region where resonance occurs is referred to as a resonance region. Usually the resonant region can be obtained by simulation or by analyzing the structure of the rear acoustic cavity. For example, a simulation model (such as a computer aided design software for a speaker module) can be used to calculate or analyze the resonant region of the speaker module; for example, input the structural characteristic parameters of the speaker module (ie, product design parameters) as input. The simulation model is used to calculate or analyze the resonant region of the speaker module. Among them, a calculation model for simulating the resonance region of the speaker can be referred to the prior art.

Further, the second sound absorbing material 22 has a rectangular structure, and the length direction of the second sound absorbing material 22 is disposed along the airflow direction. The length direction of the second sound absorbing material is arranged along the airflow direction, which can further increase the path of the airflow through the sound absorbing material, thereby further improving the elimination rate of the standing wave. In an achievable solution, as shown in FIG. 1, the first sound absorbing material 21 and the second sound absorbing material 22 are arranged in a T shape. That is, the first sound absorbing material 21 is located at one end of the second sound absorbing material 2, and the first sound absorbing material 21 and the second sound absorbing material 22 are vertically disposed. The first sound absorbing material 21 can block the first rear cavity 101 and the second rear cavity 102 by abutting against the inner wall of the casing 1, or the first sound absorbing material 21 is sealedly connected to the inner wall of the casing 1 by a colloid. The first back cavity 101 and the second back cavity 102 are partitioned. By the sealing of the first sound absorbing material 21 to the inner wall of the casing 1, the slit which further enhances resonance is formed between the first sound absorbing material 21 and the inner wall of the casing 1.

Further, the first sound absorbing material 21 and the second sound absorbing material 22 are integrally disposed to avoid resonance caused by a gap between the first sound absorbing material 21 and the second sound absorbing material 22. For example, the first sound absorbing material 21 and the second sound absorbing material 22 are integrally provided in a T shape.

The specific position of the first sound absorbing material 21 can be selected according to the specific shape of the casing or the rear sound chamber, which is not specifically limited in the present invention. In order to increase the path of the sound wave through the sound absorbing material, it is necessary to set the length direction of the second sound absorbing material 22 along the airflow direction. Since the shape of the rear sound cavity is irregular, it is difficult to ensure that the second sound absorbing material 22 does not exist between the second sound absorbing material 22 and the inner wall of the casing 1. The slit is generated, and therefore, the provision of the first sound absorbing material 21 can effectively reduce the influence of the slit between the second sound absorbing material 22 and the inner wall of the casing 1 on the acoustic performance.

In a specific implementation, the first sound absorbing material 21 and the second sound absorbing material 22 are both small compression ratio sound absorbing cotton. Specifically, the compression ratio of the first sound absorbing material 21 and the second sound absorbing material 22 is less than or equal to 3:1. The smaller compression ratio of the sound absorbing cotton has a larger aperture to ensure the smoothness of the airflow. The use of small compression ratio sound-absorbing cotton can minimally affect the F0 and Q values of the speaker module to ensure the acoustic performance of the speaker module. It should be noted that, in the rear cavity of the module, the first sound absorbing material 21 and the second sound absorbing material 22 are set to the T shape, and the first sound absorbing material 21 and the second sound absorbing material 22 are both made of small compression ratio sound absorbing cotton, and at the same time satisfying Eliminating standing waves can not affect the F0 and Q values.

Referring to FIG. 3, the speaker module provided in this embodiment provides a frequency response curve before and after the sound absorbing cotton is set according to the sound absorbing cotton setting method provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Curve 8 in Fig. 3 corresponds to experimental data in which no sound absorbing cotton is added, and curve 9 corresponds to experimental data to which the sound absorbing cotton provided by the present invention is added. It can be clearly seen from Fig. 3 that before the sound absorbing cotton is set, the frequency response curve of the speaker module shows an obvious pit between the intermediate frequency 2K and 2.5K (the pit is caused by the standing wave superposition); After the cotton, the frequency response curve of the speaker module is effectively improved, and the curve tends to be flat between 1k and 3K. It can be seen that the sound absorbing cotton setting method according to the embodiment of the invention can effectively eliminate the standing wave and improve the acoustic characteristics.

The region in which the size shrinkage in the rear acoustic cavity is more likely to resonate, and it is understood that the region in which the size of the rear acoustic cavity 10 in the embodiment of the present invention is changed from large to small is the resonance region, as shown in FIG. The first sound absorbing material 21 is located in a large-sized area in a region where the size is greatly reduced; and the second sound absorbing material 22 is located in a small-sized area in a region where the size is greatly changed. The area of the longitudinal section of the small-sized area is smaller than the area of the longitudinal section of the large-sized area, and the longitudinal section of the cavity is perpendicular to the direction of the airflow.

Specifically, a shell wall or two opposite shell walls of the housing 1 in the region of the rear acoustic cavity 10 are recessed toward the rear acoustic cavity 10 to form an area where the size is changed from large to small.

As shown in FIG. 1, the small-sized area in the area where the size is changed from large to small includes a contraction passage formed in the rear acoustic chamber 10, and the second sound absorbing material 22 traverses from one end of the contraction passage to the contraction passage. The other end.

As shown in FIG. 2, the speaker module includes: a housing 1 (the housing 1 includes a first housing 11 and a second housing 12), a speaker unit 2, an electrical connector 3, a steel sheet 4, and a first sound absorbing material. 21 and a second sound absorbing material 22. The steel sheet 4 is disposed within the rear acoustic cavity 10. The electrical connector 3 includes, but is not limited to, a flexible printed circuit board.

A filling space may also be disposed in the rear acoustic cavity; the filling space is filled with a third sound absorbing material. The third sound absorbing material includes, but is not limited to, sound absorbing particles. Filling the sound chamber with the sound absorbing particles in the back cavity increases the volume of the sound chamber and helps to improve the performance of the sounding device.

In order to balance the internal and external pressure of the module, a leakage hole may be opened on the casing facing the position of the rear acoustic cavity; the leakage hole is covered with a damping member. The damping member can effectively reduce the influence of the opening of the leakage hole on the acoustic resistance. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , the second housing 12 is provided with a leakage hole 120 at a position facing the rear acoustic cavity, and the leakage hole 120 is covered with a damping member 121 .

In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the partitioning of the first sound absorbing material can avoid forming a slit for further enhancing resonance between the casing and the casing; the second sound absorbing material is disposed along the airflow direction, which can effectively increase the sound wave flowing through the sound absorbing sound. The path of the material to eliminate the standing wave generated by the resonance to a large extent, and improve the acoustic performance of the speaker module. Moreover, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention eliminates the standing wave on the basis of not changing the structure of the module cavity, and at least affects the F0 and the Q value to obtain better acoustic performance.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device comprising the speaker module provided by any of the above embodiments. The electronic device includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, an MP3, and the like.

While the invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

A speaker module, comprising: a housing and a speaker unit;

Forming a sealed rear acoustic cavity between the speaker unit and the housing;

a first sound absorbing material and a second sound absorbing material in a porous region of the rear acoustic cavity; wherein

The first sound absorbing material partitions the rear sound chamber into a first rear cavity adjacent to the speaker unit and a second rear cavity away from the speaker unit, and the airflow in the rear sound cavity is from the first rear The cavity flows toward the second back cavity;

The second sound absorbing material located in the second rear cavity is disposed along the airflow direction and disposed adjacent to the first sound absorbing material.
The speaker module according to claim 1, wherein the second sound absorbing material has a rectangular structure, and a length direction of the second sound absorbing material is disposed along the airflow direction.
The speaker module according to claim 1, wherein said first sound absorbing material and said second sound absorbing material are disposed in a T shape.
The speaker module according to claim 1, wherein the first sound absorbing material and the second sound absorbing material are integrally provided.
The speaker module according to claim 1, wherein the first sound absorbing material is sealingly connected to the inner wall of the casing by a colloid to block the first rear cavity and the second rear cavity.
The speaker module according to claim 1, wherein a compression ratio of the first sound absorbing material and the second sound absorbing material is equal to or less than 3:1.
The speaker module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the region in which the size of the rear acoustic cavity is changed from large to small is the resonance region;

The first sound absorbing material is located in a large size area in a region where the size is changed from large to small;

The second sound absorbing material is located in a small-sized area in a region where the size is changed from large to small.
The speaker module according to claim 7, wherein a casing is located in a casing wall of the rear acoustic cavity region or two opposite casing walls are recessed toward the rear acoustic cavity to form a size change. Small area.
The speaker module according to claim 7, wherein the small-sized area in the area where the size is changed from large to small comprises a contraction channel formed in the rear acoustic cavity, and the second sound absorbing material is from the One end of the contraction passage traverses to the other end of the contraction passage.
The speaker module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a filling space is provided in the rear sound chamber; and the filling space is filled with a third sound absorbing material.
An electronic device comprising the speaker module according to any one of claims 1 to 10.