WO2019205708A1 - 一种发声装置及电子设备 - Google Patents

一种发声装置及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019205708A1
WO2019205708A1 PCT/CN2018/125163 CN2018125163W WO2019205708A1 WO 2019205708 A1 WO2019205708 A1 WO 2019205708A1 CN 2018125163 W CN2018125163 W CN 2018125163W WO 2019205708 A1 WO2019205708 A1 WO 2019205708A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rear cavity
mounting portion
magnetic circuit
cavity
circuit system
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2018/125163
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱婷
张成飞
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Goertek Inc
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Goertek Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Goertek Inc filed Critical Goertek Inc
Publication of WO2019205708A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205708A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of sounding devices.
  • Sounding devices are important components in electronic products that convert electrical signals into acoustic signals.
  • the existing electronic products are getting thinner and lighter, the space reserved for the sounding device is getting smaller and smaller, and the sounding device is required to have better sound quality, especially for the stereo effect.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a sound emitting device and an electronic device, which can meet the requirements of a small volume and have better performance.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a sounding device, including: a vibration system, a magnetic circuit system, and a casing; the casing includes a mounting portion at least one end open and correspondingly disposed outside the first side wall of the mounting portion Forming a rear cavity portion of the rear cavity; the magnetic circuit system and the vibration system are fixed in the mounting portion; the first side wall is open to the position of the rear cavity to be connected to the magnetic circuit system a magnetic gap and a rear sound hole of the rear cavity.
  • the mounting portion is a two-end opening structure; the magnetic circuit system is fixed at a first end opening of the mounting portion, and the first end opening is a magnetic yoke in the magnetic circuit system Sealing; the vibration system is fixed to the second end opening of the mounting portion, and the front end of the second end opening is combined with a front cover for protecting the vibration system.
  • the rear cavity portion is a structure integrally extending outward from the first sidewall of the mounting portion, and includes a bottom wall and a second sidewall; the bottom wall, the first The two side walls and the first side wall together define an open cavity; the open cavity is sealed by a back cover to form the rear cavity.
  • an end surface of the back cover away from the rear cavity is flush with an end surface of the yoke away from the vibration system.
  • an end surface of the bottom wall away from the rear cavity is flush with an end surface of the front cover away from the vibration system.
  • the rear cavity portion is a separately formed drag shell structure; the drag shell forms an open cavity with one end open, the open end cover of the drag case is provided with a back cover, and the back cover seals the An open cavity is formed to form the rear cavity; the drag case is fixed to the outer side of the first side wall by adhesive bonding.
  • the rear cavity is filled with a sound absorbing material
  • the back cover is provided with a through hole, and the sound absorbing material is filled into the rear cavity from the through hole.
  • the sound absorbing material fills the back cavity.
  • the rear sound hole is covered with a first gas permeable partition for resisting passage of the sound absorbing material; the through hole is further covered with a second gas permeable partition, the second gas permeable partition The sound absorbing material is isolated from the external environment.
  • the mounting portion has a rectangular structure; the rear cavity is disposed along a long side and/or a short side of the rectangular structure.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a central magnet and a side magnet; a first sidewall of the mounting portion is provided with a notch adapted to the side magnet; the side magnet is disposed in the notch, and The notch is sealed by the side magnet; the outer side of the side magnet is flush with the outer side of the first side wall.
  • an edge magnetic plate of the magnetic circuit system is injection molded into the mounting portion.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising the sounding device according to any one of the above.
  • the electronic device further includes: a casing and a display screen; the sounding device is correspondingly disposed at an upper position of the display screen.
  • the number of the sounding devices is two; two of the sounding devices are disposed inside the outer casing, and respectively corresponding to upper and lower positions of the display screen.
  • the rear cavity is formed by the rear cavity portion located outside the first side wall of the mounting portion, and the module outer casing structure of the sounding device is omitted compared with the prior art, and in particular, the product may be omitted.
  • the space occupied by the Z direction on the other hand, the rear cavity provided on the side does not occupy too much lateral space, thereby contributing to miniaturization of the product; in addition, on the basis of miniaturization, the vibration of the sound is realized.
  • the volume of the road system and the vibration system itself and the product structure are not affected, and the volume of the magnetic circuit system and the distance between the magnetic circuit system and the vibration system can be balanced, thereby ensuring acoustic performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a first perspective structural view of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a second perspective view of a portion of the Figure 1 taken along the cutting line I-H;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third perspective view of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a fourth perspective view of a portion of the portion of Figure 1 taken along the cutting line I-H;
  • Figure 5 is a fifth perspective view of a portion of the portion of Figure 1 taken along the cutting line I-H;
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth perspective view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh perspective view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are schematic diagrams showing the structure of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sounding device includes: a vibration system 21, a magnetic circuit system 22, and a housing 1;
  • the housing 1 includes a mounting portion 11 having at least one end open and correspondingly disposed at the mounting portion 11.
  • the magnetic circuit system 22 and the vibration system 21 are fixed in the mounting portion 11;
  • the first side wall 111 is opposite to the rear portion
  • a rear acoustic hole 112 communicating with the magnetic gap in the magnetic circuit system 22 and the rear cavity 120 is opened at a position of the cavity 120.
  • the rear cavity is formed by the rear cavity portion located outside the first side wall of the mounting portion, and the module outer casing structure of the sounding device is omitted compared with the prior art, and in particular, the product may be omitted.
  • the space occupied by the Z direction on the other hand, the rear cavity provided on the side does not occupy too much lateral space, thereby contributing to miniaturization of the product; in addition, on the basis of miniaturization, the vibration of the sound is realized.
  • the volume of the road system and the vibration system itself and the product structure are not affected, and the volume of the magnetic circuit system and the distance between the magnetic circuit system and the vibration system can be balanced, thereby ensuring acoustic performance.
  • the rear cavity portion 12 is located on the outer side surface of the first side wall 111 of the mounting portion 11. It should be noted that the inner side surface of the first side wall 111 of the mounting portion 11 faces the vibration system 21 and the magnetic circuit system 22; the outer side surface of the first side wall 111 of the mounting portion 11 faces away from the vibration system 21 and the magnetic circuit system 22.
  • the vibration system 21 includes a diaphragm 211, an electrical connector 212, and a voice coil 213; the voice coil 213 is fixed to one side of the diaphragm 211 and suspended in the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit system 22,
  • the electrical connector 212 is disposed in contact with the voice coil 213, and the diaphragm 211 is fixed to the mounting portion 11.
  • the electrical connector 212 is connected to an external circuit to energize the voice coil 213, and the electrical connector 212 includes, but is not limited to, a flexible circuit board FPCB.
  • the vibration system 21 may further include a reinforcing portion 214 which is attached to a side of the diaphragm 211 away from the voice coil.
  • the magnetic circuit system 22 can be a single magnetic circuit system, a three magnetic circuit system, or a five magnetic circuit system, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • the magnetic circuit system 22 includes: a magnetic yoke 221, a central magnet 222, and a side magnet 223; the central magnet 222 is fixed to the magnetic yoke 221, and the side magnet 223 is fixed to the magnetic yoke 221, and Located on the circumferential side of the center magnet 222. A magnetic gap is formed between the center magnet 222 and the side magnet 223.
  • the magnetic circuit system 22 may further include a side magnetic conductive plate 224 and/or a central magnetic conductive plate 225.
  • the side magnetic conductive plate 224 may be a separate component, and is fixed to the side of the side magnet 223 away from the magnetic yoke 221 by sticking; or, as shown in FIG. 7, the side magnetic conductive plate 224 is injection molded in the mounting portion, and the side magnetic conductive plate 224 It is disposed in contact with the side of the side magnetic plate away from the yoke 221 (as shown in FIG. 2). Injection molding the side magnetic conductive plate 224 into the mounting portion not only reduces the volume of the sounding device, but also further fixes the magnetic circuit system to improve the stability of the sounding device.
  • the above-described mounting portion 11 can be configured to have one end opening or both end opening structures depending on the actual situation.
  • the closed end when the closed end can be the upper end corresponding to the vibration system, the sound hole is allowed to be opened on the closed end; after the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system are assembled from the open end in turn, the open end of the magnetic circuit system itself Close the opening or seal the open end with a sealing cap.
  • the mounting portion 11 is an open end structure; the magnetic circuit system 22 is fixed to the first end opening of the mounting portion 11, and the first The end opening is sealed by the yoke 221 in the magnetic circuit system 22; the vibration system 21 is fixed to the second end opening of the mounting portion 11, and the second end opening is combined for protecting the The front cover 31 of the vibration system 21.
  • the first port is sealed by the yoke 221, which avoids the use of the sealing plate, which not only reduces the cost but also further reduces the volume.
  • the yoke 221 has a shape that is adapted to the first end opening.
  • the sound hole 310 is opened in the front cover 31.
  • the front cover 31 can be coupled to the second end opening by ultrasonic welding, pasting or screwing.
  • the rear cavity portion 12 is a structure integrally extending outward from the first side wall of the mounting portion 11, and includes a bottom wall 121 and a second side wall 122;
  • the wall 121, the second side wall 122 and the first side wall 111 are integrally formed to form an open cavity; the open cavity is sealed by the back cover 123 to form the rear cavity 120.
  • the rear cavity 120 is located outside the first side wall 111.
  • the rear cavity portion 12 may be a structure integrally formed with the mounting portion 11 or a split structure; when disposed in an integrated structure, the rear cavity portion 12 is directly formed by the first side wall 111 of the mounting portion 11 Formed to the outside, the housing is integrally formed; when disposed as a separate structure, the rear chamber portion 12 may be a separately formed drag shell, and the drag shell is coated with glue or the like and the first side wall 111 of the mounting portion. The adhesive is fixed together, and the back cover 123 is covered on the drag case to form a rear cavity.
  • the rear cavity portion 12 is a separately formed drag shell structure; the drag shell forms an open cavity with one end open; the open end cover of the drag shell is provided with a rear cover 123, and the rear cover 123 is sealed
  • the open cavity is formed to form the rear cavity; the drag case is fixed to the outside of the first sidewall 111 by adhesive bonding.
  • a through hole communicating with the rear sound hole 112 is opened at a position where the first side wall 11 is pasted.
  • the space occupied by the colloid can be saved compared to the split structure.
  • the integrated structure is adopted, only the single casing is extended, the structure is simple, and the assembly between the sounding monomer and the outer casing structure is not required, the manufacturing process and the installation process can be simplified, and the production efficiency is provided.
  • the open end of the open cavity and the first end opening of the mounting portion may be disposed on the same side of the sounding device, and disposed flush, specifically
  • the end surface of the rear cover 123 away from the rear cavity 120 is flush with the end surface of the yoke 221 away from the vibration system 21; or the bottom wall 121 is away from the end surface of the rear cavity 120
  • the front cover 31 is disposed flush with the end surface of the vibration system 21.
  • an end surface of the back cover 123 away from the rear cavity 120 is flush with an end surface of the yoke 221 away from the vibration system 21, and the bottom wall 121 is away from the rear cavity.
  • An end surface of the 120 is flush with the end surface of the front cover 31 away from the vibration system 21.
  • the sound absorbing material can also be filled in the rear cavity 120 for the purpose of expansion.
  • the sound absorbing material includes, but is not limited to, sound absorbing particles and sound absorbing cotton.
  • the sound absorbing material may be filled into the rear cavity before the back cavity is sealed by the back cover, or as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 6, a through hole 1230 is formed in the back cover, and the sound absorbing material is penetrated from the through hole.
  • a hole 1230 is filled into the rear chamber 120.
  • the rear cavity 120 can be fully filled, that is, the sound absorbing material completely fills the rear cavity space, thereby ensuring a better bass effect in a case where the rear cavity volume is small.
  • the rear sound hole 112 is covered with a first gas permeable spacer 40 for resisting passage of the sound absorbing material.
  • the through hole 1230 is further covered with a second gas permeable partition 1231, and the second gas permeable partition 1231 isolates the sound absorbing material from the external environment.
  • the first gas permeable spacer 40 and the second gas permeable spacer 1231 include, but are not limited to, a mesh, a corrosion resistant metal mesh. Covering the second gas permeable partition 1231 at the through hole 1230 not only prevents leakage of the sound absorbing material, but also balances internal and external pressure through the air holes on the second gas permeable partition 1231 to improve acoustic performance.
  • the sound absorbing particles may be zeolite particles comprising a plurality of zeolite particles, each of which may have a silicon to aluminum molar ratio of >200, or ⁇ 200, or Alumina-free zeolite particles.
  • the mounting portion 11 has a rectangular structure; the rear cavity 120 is disposed along the long side and/or the short side of the rectangular structure.
  • the rear cavity 120 may be disposed on one side, a plurality of sides or a circumference of the rectangular structure, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.
  • Those skilled in the art can make reasonable settings according to the requirements and the internal structure of the external electronic products. For example, it may be disposed along adjacent side edges or sides of the rectangular structure, that is, along an adjacent long side and a short side; or, along an adjacent long side and two The short side is disposed; or, along an adjacent short side or a long side, such that the rear chamber 120 can be a communicating cavity with a regular shape, which is advantageous for improving acoustic performance.
  • Figure 2 shows that the rear cavity 120 is disposed along the long sides of the rectangular structure.
  • the mounting portion can adopt the above rectangular structure.
  • the core composed of the magnetic circuit system and the vibration system is racetrack-shaped or circular
  • the mounting portion An elliptical or circular structure may be employed, in which case the first side wall may be understood as a portion of the side wall of the annular side wall.
  • a notch may be provided on the first side wall 111 of the mounting portion 11 at a position corresponding to the side magnet, the side magnet is received in the notch, and the notch is sealed by the edge magnet. This is equivalent to saving the horizontal size occupied by the first side wall. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG.
  • the magnetic circuit system 22 includes a central magnet 222 and a side magnet 223; the first side wall 111 of the mounting portion 11 is provided with a notch 1110 adapted to the side magnet 223;
  • the side magnet 223 is disposed in the notch 1110, and the notch 1110 is sealed by the side magnet 223; the outer side of the side magnet 223 is flush with the outer side of the first side wall 111.
  • the side surface of the side magnet 223 away from the center magnet 222 is its outer side surface.
  • another embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes the sounding device of any of the above embodiments.
  • the sounding device includes: a vibration system 21, a magnetic circuit system 22, and a housing 1;
  • the housing 1 includes a mounting portion 11 having at least one end open and correspondingly disposed in the mounting
  • the first side wall 111 of the portion 11 is outside and is used to form the rear cavity portion 12 of the rear cavity 120;
  • the magnetic circuit system 22 and the vibration system 21 are fixed in the mounting portion 11;
  • the first side wall 111 A rear acoustic hole 112 that communicates the magnetic gap in the magnetic circuit system 22 with the rear cavity 120 is disposed at a position of the rear cavity 120.
  • the above electronic products include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, palmtop computers and the like.
  • the electronic product further includes a casing and a display screen; according to the technical solution, the sounding device adopts a structural design that forms a rear cavity on a side of the speaker unit, so that the miniaturized sounding device can be realized at a position corresponding to the upper side of the display screen. The purpose of the installation.
  • the number of the sounding devices may be set to two; two of the sounding devices are disposed inside the casing, and respectively corresponding to the upper and lower sides of the display screen.
  • the first sound outlet 7 is disposed above the display screen on the outer casing, and the second sound output port 8 is disposed below the display screen.
  • the sounding device described above is disposed at a position facing the first sound outlet 7 and the second sound outlet 8 inside the casing, respectively.
  • Simultaneous sounding of two sounding devices at different locations in the electronic product can achieve good stereo effects.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Telephone Set Structure (AREA)

Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种发声装置及电子设备。该发声装置，包括振动系统、磁路系统和壳体；所述壳体包括至少一端开口的安装部以及对应设置在所述安装部的第一侧壁外侧且用于形成后腔的后腔部；所述磁路系统和所述振动系统固定于所述安装部内；所述第一侧壁正对所述后腔的位置处开设有连通所述磁路系统中磁间隙与所述后腔的后声孔。本发明实施例在满足小体积要求的同时还能具有较好的性能。

Description

一种发声装置及电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及发声装置技术领域。
背景技术
发声装置是电子产品中重要的元器件，用于将电信号转变成声信号。现有电子产品越来越轻薄化，给发声装置预留的空间越来越小，且要求发声装置具有更好的音质，尤其是对立体声效果提出了越来越高的要求。
现有技术中，为了提升终端产品的声学性能，经常需要采用上下端装配两个声学元器件，具体主要有三种做法：其一是上端装配一个受话器，下端装配一个扬声器模组，这种方式存在音量偏小的缺陷；其二是上下端同时装配一个扬声器模组，这种方式相比第一种而言出声效果要好一些，但密封后腔会占用较大的空间，不利于产品的小型化；其三是下端装配一个扬声器模组，上端装配一个具有开放式后腔的扬声器，这种结构在音量以及占用空间方面相比前两种方式都有所改善，但手机后壳的振动会比较严重。
因此，需要提供一种新型结构的发声装置，具有小体积的同时还能具有较好的立体声效果，以满足当前用户对电子产品的需求。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种发声装置及电子设备，以满足小体积要求的同时还能具有较好的性能。
本发明实施例提供了一种发声装置，包括：振动系统、磁路系统和壳体；所述壳体包括至少一端开口的安装部以及对应设置在所述安装部的第一侧壁外侧且用于形成后腔的后腔部；所述磁路系统和所述振动系统固定于所述安装 部内；所述第一侧壁正对所述后腔的位置处开设有连通所述磁路系统中磁间隙与所述后腔的后声孔。
可选地，所述安装部为两端开口结构；所述磁路系统固定于所述安装部的第一端开口处，且所述第一端开口由所述磁路系统中的导磁轭密封；所述振动系统固定于所述安装部的第二端开口处，且所述第二端开口处结合有用于保护所述振动系统的前盖。
可选地，上述发声装置，所述后腔部为自所述安装部的第一侧壁向外一体延伸而成的结构，包括底壁和第二侧壁；所述底壁、所述第二侧壁以及所述第一侧壁共同围成开放式腔体；所述开放式腔体由后盖密封形成所述后腔。
可选地，所述后盖远离所述后腔的端面与所述导磁轭远离所述振动系统的端面齐平设置。
可选地，所述底壁远离所述后腔的端面与所述前盖远离所述振动系统的端面齐平设置。
可选地，所述后腔部为单独成型的拖壳结构；所述拖壳形成一端开口的开放式腔体，所述拖壳的开口端盖设有后盖，所述后盖密封所述开放式腔体，以形成所述后腔；所述拖壳通过涂胶粘贴固定于所述第一侧壁外侧。
可选地，所述后腔内填充有吸音材料；所述后盖上开设有贯通孔，所述吸音材料自所述贯通孔处灌装进所述后腔内。
可选地，所述吸音材料将所述后腔填满。
可选地，在所述后声孔处覆盖有第一透气隔离件，用于抵挡所述吸音材料穿过；所述贯通孔处还覆盖有第二透气隔离件，所述第二透气隔离件将所述吸音材料与外部环境隔离。
可选地，所述安装部呈矩形结构；所述后腔沿着所述矩形结构的长边侧和/或短边侧设置。
可选地，所述磁路系统包括中心磁铁和边磁铁；所述安装部的第一侧壁上设置有与所述边磁铁适配的缺口；所述边磁铁安置在所述缺口内，并由所述边磁铁对所述缺口进行密封；所述边磁铁的外侧面与所述第一侧壁的外侧面齐平设置。
可选地，所述磁路系统的边导磁板注塑在所述安装部内。
本发明实施例还提供了一种电子设备，包括上述任一项所述的发声装置。
可选地，上述电子设备还包括：外壳和显示屏；所述发声装置对应设置于所述显示屏的上方位置。
可选地，所述发声装置的数量为两个；两个所述发声装置均设置在所述外壳内部，且分别对应位于所述显示屏的上方和下方位置。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案中，通过位于安装部的第一侧壁外侧的后腔部来形成后腔，相比于现有技术省略了发声装置的模组外壳结构，尤其可以省略产品在Z向所占据的空间，而另一方面，设置于侧面的后腔不会过多的占用横向空间，因此有助于实现产品的小型化；此外，在小型化基础上，实现振动发声的磁路系统和振动系统本身的体积及产品结构等均不受影响，能够兼顾磁路系统的体积以及磁路系统与振动系统之间的间距，进而保证声学性能。当这种结构的声学装置装配于终端产品时，例如在终端的上下端分别对应装配时，能够获得较佳的立体声效果。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
构成说明书的一部分的附图描述了本发明的实施例，并且连同说明书一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是本发明一实施例提供的发声装置的第一视角结构示意图；
图2是图1中沿切割线I-H切割后其中一部分的第二视角结构示意图；
图3是本发明一实施例提供的发声装置的第三视角结构示意图；
图4是图1中沿切割线I-H切割后其中一部分的第四视角结构示意图；
图5是图1中沿切割线I-H切割后其中一部分的第五视角结构示意图；
图6是本发明一实施例提供的发声装置的爆炸图；
图7是本发明一实施例提供的壳体的结构示意图；
图8是本发明一实施例提供的电子设备的第六视角结构示意图；
图9是本发明一实施例提供的电子设备的第七视角结构示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
图1和图2示出了本发明一实施例提供的一种用于发声装置的结构示意图。如图1和图2所示，该发声装置包括：振动系统21、磁路系统22和壳体1；所述壳体1包括至少一端开口的安装部11以及对应设置在所述安装部11的第一侧壁外侧且用于形成后腔的后腔部12；所述磁路系统22和所述振动系统21固定于所述安装部11内；所述第一侧壁111正对所述后腔120的位置处开设有连通所述磁路系统22中磁间隙与所述后腔120的后声孔112。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案中，通过位于安装部的第一侧壁外侧的后腔部来形成后腔，相比于现有技术省略了发声装置的模组外壳结构，尤其可以省略产品在Z向所占据的空间，而另一方面，设置于侧面的后腔不会过多的占用横向空间，因此有助于实现产品的小型化；此外，在小型化基础上，实现振动发声的磁路系统和振动系统本身的体积及产品结构等均不受影响，能够兼顾磁路系统的体积以及磁路系统与振动系统之间的间距，进而保证声学性能。当这种结构的声学装置装配于终端产品时，例如在终 端的上下端分别对应装配时，能够获得较佳的立体声效果。
如图2所示，后腔部12位于安装部11的第一侧壁111外侧面上。需要说明的是，安装部11的第一侧壁111内侧面朝向振动系统21和磁路系统22；安装部11的第一侧壁111外侧面背向振动系统21和磁路系统22。
在一种可实现的方案中，振动系统21包括振膜211、电连接件212以及音圈213；音圈213固定于振膜211一侧，且悬设在磁路系统22的磁间隙中，电连接件212与音圈213接触设置，振膜211固定于安装部11上。其中，电连接件212与外部电路连接为音圈213通电，电连接件212包括但不限于柔性电路板FPCB。此外，如图6所示，振动系统21还可包括补强部214，补强部214贴设在振膜211远离音圈的一侧。
在另一种可实现的方案中，磁路系统22可为单磁路系统、三磁路系统或五磁路系统，本实施例对此不作具体限定。以五磁路系统为例，磁路系统22包括：导磁轭221、中心磁铁222和边磁铁223；中心磁铁222固定于导磁轭221上，边磁铁223固定于导磁轭221上，且位于中心磁铁222周侧。中心磁铁222与边磁铁223之间形成有磁间隙。进一步的，如图6和图7所示，磁路系统22还可包括边导磁板224和/或中心导磁板225。边导磁板224可为独立部件，通过粘贴固定于边磁铁223远离导磁轭221的一侧；或者，如图7所示，边导磁板224注塑在安装部内，且边导磁板224与边导磁板远离导磁轭221的一侧接触设置(如图2所示)。将边导磁板224注塑在安装部内，不仅可减小发声装置的体积，还可进一步对磁路系统进行固定，提高发声装置的稳固性。
上述的安装部11根据实际情况，可以选择一端开口或两端开口结构。一端开口结构中，封闭端可为与振动系统对应的上端时，允许在封闭端上开设出声孔；从开口端依次对振动系统和磁路系统进行装配后，由磁路系统本身对开口端进行封闭或采用密封盖对开口端进行封闭。
在一具体的实现结构中，如图2所示，所述安装部11为两端开口结构；所述磁路系统22固定于所述安装部11的第一端开口处，且所述第一端开口由所述磁路系统22中的导磁轭221密封；所述振动系统21固定于所述安装部 11的第二端开口处，且所述第二端开口处结合有用于保护所述振动系统21的前盖31。由导磁轭221对第一端口进行密封，避免了密封板使用，不仅可减少成本，还可进一步减少体积。具体实施时，导磁轭221具有与第一端开口适配的形状。如图5所示，前盖31上开设有出声孔310。具体实施时，前盖31可通过超声熔接、粘贴或螺丝等方式结合于第二端开口处。
进一步的，如图2所示，所述后腔部12为自所述安装部11的第一侧壁向外一体延伸而成的结构，包括底壁121和第二侧壁122；所述底壁121、所述第二侧壁122以及所述第一侧壁111一体成型，共同围成开放式腔体；所述开放式腔体由后盖123密封形成所述后腔120。所述后腔120位于第一侧壁111外侧。
需要说明的是，后腔部12既可以是与安装部11一体成型的结构，也可以是分体式结构；当设置为一体结构时，后腔部12由安装部11的第一侧壁111直接向外侧延伸形成，壳体为一体成型的一个整体；当设置为分体结构时，后腔部12可以是单独成型的拖壳，拖壳通过涂胶等方式与安装部的第一侧壁111粘结固定在一起，后盖123盖设在拖壳上，形成后腔。具体地，所述后腔部12为单独成型的拖壳结构；所述拖壳形成一端开口的开放式腔体；所述拖壳的开口端盖设有后盖123，所述后盖123密封所述开放式腔体，以形成所述后腔；所述拖壳通过涂胶粘贴固定于所述第一侧壁111外侧。拖壳的与所述第一侧壁11粘贴的位置处开设有与所述后声孔112连通的通孔。
需要说明的是，当将后腔部12与安装部11设置成一体结构时，相比于分体式结构，可节约胶体所占用的空间。且采用一体结构时，仅是对单体壳体进行了延伸设计，结构简单，且不需要进行发声单体与外部箱体结构之间的装配，可以简化制作工艺与安装工艺，提供生产效率。
为了避免后腔设置带来的纵向尺寸(Z向尺寸)的增加，可将开放式腔体的开口端与安装部的第一端开口设置在发声装置的同一侧，且齐平设置，具体地，所述后盖123远离所述后腔120的端面与所述导磁轭221远离所述振动系统21的端面齐平设置；或者，所述底壁121远离所述后腔120的端面与所述前盖31远离所述振动系统21的端面齐平设置。
在一具体实施例中，所述后盖123远离所述后腔120的端面与所述导磁轭221远离所述振动系统21的端面齐平设置，且所述底壁121远离所述后腔120的端面与所述前盖31远离所述振动系统21的端面齐平设置。这样一来，在不增加发声装置纵向尺寸的基础上，可尽可能地增大后腔体积，以得到较好的声学性能。
此外，还可在后腔120内填充吸音材料，以达到扩容的目的。所述吸音材料包括但不限于吸音颗粒和吸音棉。可在用后盖密封后腔部之前，将吸音材料填充进后腔内，或者，如图2和图6所示，在所述后盖上开设贯通孔1230，所述吸音材料自所述贯通孔1230处灌装进所述后腔120内。作为一种优选的实现方式，可以对后腔120进行全灌装，即吸音材料将后腔空间全部填满，这样可以保证在后腔体积较小的情况下实现更好的低音效果。
当吸音材料为粉状或颗粒状材料时，为了防止后腔120内的吸音材料进入磁路系统22中影响发声装置的工作以及防止后腔120内的吸音材料从贯通孔中泄露出去，所述后声孔112处覆盖有第一透气隔离件40，用于抵挡所述吸音材料穿过。如图2和图6所示，所述贯通孔1230处还覆盖有第二透气隔离件1231，所述第二透气隔离件1231将所述吸音材料与外部环境隔离。第一透气隔离件40和第二透气隔离件1231包括但不限于网布、耐腐蚀金属网。在贯通孔1230处覆盖第二透气隔离件1231不仅可防止吸音材料的泄露，还可通过第二透气隔离件1231上的气孔平衡内外压，提高声学性能。
当吸音材料为吸音颗粒时，作为一种具体的实施方式，该吸音颗粒可以是沸石颗粒，其包括多个沸石粒子，每一沸石粒子的硅铝摩尔比可以＞200，或者＜200，或者为不含铝的沸石粒子。
如图2所示，所述安装部11呈矩形结构；所述后腔120沿着所述矩形结构的长边侧和/或短边侧设置。所述后腔120可在矩形结构的一边、多边或一周设置，本发明对此不作具体限定。本领域的技术人员可根据需求以及外部电子产品的内部结构进行合理设置。例如：可沿着矩形结构的相邻的两侧边或多侧边设置，即沿着相邻的一长侧边和一短侧边设置；或者，沿着相邻的一长侧边和两短侧边设置；或者，沿着相邻的一短侧边或一长侧边设置，这样，后腔 120可为一连通的腔体，形状较规则，有利于提高声学性能。图2所示的是：后腔120沿着矩形结构的长侧边设置。
需要说明的是，当磁路系统和振动系统组成的内核为矩形结构时，安装部即可采用上述的矩形结构，当磁路系统和振动系统组成的内核为跑道形或圆形时，安装部可采用椭圆形结构或圆形结构，此时第一侧壁可以理解为环形侧壁中的一部分侧壁。
为了进一步减小发声装置的水平尺寸，可在安装部11的第一侧壁111上对应边磁铁的位置处设置缺口，将边磁铁容置在缺口中，并由边磁铁对缺口进行密封，这相当于节省了第一侧壁所占用的水平尺寸。具体地，如图2、图3和图4所示，磁路系统22包括中心磁铁222和边磁铁223；安装部11的第一侧壁111上设置有与边磁铁223适配的缺口1110；边磁铁223安置在缺口1110内，并由边磁铁223对缺口1110进行密封；边磁铁223的外侧面与第一侧壁111的外侧面齐平设置。边磁铁223远离中心磁铁222的侧面为其外侧面。
如图4所示，本发明又一实施例还提供了一种电子设备。该电子设备，包括上述任一实施例中的发声装置。
具体地，如图1和图2所示，该发声装置包括：振动系统21、磁路系统22和壳体1；所述壳体1包括至少一端开口的安装部11以及对应设置在所述安装部11的第一侧壁111外侧且用于形成后腔120的后腔部12；所述磁路系统22和所述振动系统21固定于所述安装部11内；所述第一侧壁111正对所述后腔120的位置处开设有连通所述磁路系统22中磁间隙与所述后腔120的后声孔112。
上述电子产品包括但不限于手机、掌上电脑等。
进一步的，电子产品还包括外壳和显示屏；基于本技术方案中发声装置采用在扬声器单元的侧面形成后腔的结构设计，使得该小型化的发声装置能够实现在对应于显示屏的上方位置处安装的目的。
作为一种更为优选的实施方式，所述发声装置的数量可以设置为两个；两个所述发声装置均设置在所述外壳内部，且分别对应位于所述显示屏的上方和下方。如图8和图9，外壳上位于显示屏的上方设置有第一出音口7，位于显 示屏的下方设置有第二出音口8。外壳内部正对第一出音口7和第二出音口8的位置处分别设置有上述的发声装置。
电子产品中位于不同位置处的两个发声装置同时发声可实现良好的立体声效果。
虽然已经通过示例对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上示例仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括：振动系统、磁路系统和壳体；
    所述壳体包括至少一端开口的安装部以及对应设置在所述安装部的第一侧壁外侧且用于形成后腔的后腔部；
    所述磁路系统和所述振动系统固定于所述安装部内；
    所述第一侧壁正对所述后腔的位置处开设有连通所述磁路系统中磁间隙与所述后腔的后声孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述安装部为两端开口结构；
    所述磁路系统固定于所述安装部的第一端开口处，且所述第一端开口由所述磁路系统中的导磁轭密封；
    所述振动系统固定于所述安装部的第二端开口处，且所述第二端开口处结合有用于保护所述振动系统的前盖。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的发声装置，其特征在于，
    所述后腔部为自所述安装部的第一侧壁向外一体延伸而成的结构，包括底壁和第二侧壁；
    所述底壁、所述第二侧壁以及所述第一侧壁一体成型，共同围成开放式腔体；
    所述开放式腔体由后盖密封形成所述后腔。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述后盖远离所述后腔的端面与所述导磁轭远离所述振动系统的端面齐平设置。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述底壁远离所述后腔的端面与所述前盖远离所述振动系统的端面齐平设置。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述后腔部为单独成型的拖壳结构；
    所述拖壳形成一端开口的开放式腔体；
    所述拖壳的开口端盖设有后盖，所述后盖密封所述开放式腔体，以形成所 述后腔；
    所述拖壳通过涂胶粘贴固定于所述第一侧壁外侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述后腔内填充有吸音材料；
    所述后盖上开设有贯通孔，所述吸音材料自所述贯通孔处灌装进所述后腔内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述吸音材料将所述后腔填满。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的发声装置，其特征在于，在所述后声孔处覆盖有第一透气隔离件，用于抵挡所述吸音材料穿过；
    所述贯通孔处还覆盖有第二透气隔离件，所述第二透气隔离件将所述吸音材料与外部环境隔离。
  10. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述安装部呈矩形结构；
    所述后腔沿着所述矩形结构的长边侧和/或短边侧设置。
  11. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述磁路系统包括中心磁铁和边磁铁；
    所述安装部的第一侧壁上设置有与所述边磁铁适配的缺口；
    所述边磁铁安置在所述缺口内，并由所述边磁铁对所述缺口进行密封；
    所述边磁铁的外侧面与所述第一侧壁的外侧面齐平设置。
  12. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述磁路系统的边导磁板注塑在所述安装部内。
  13. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括上述权利要求1-6中任一项所述的发声装置。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电子设备，其特征在于，还包括：外壳和显示屏；
    所述发声装置对应设置于所述显示屏的上方位置。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述发声装置的数量为两个；
    两个所述发声装置均设置在所述外壳内部，且分别对应位于所述显示屏的上方和下方位置。
PCT/CN2018/125163 2018-04-24 2018-12-29 一种发声装置及电子设备 Ceased WO2019205708A1 (zh)

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