WO2019203907A1 - Système de traitement et de distribution d'eau pour unités de dialyse - Google Patents

Système de traitement et de distribution d'eau pour unités de dialyse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019203907A1
WO2019203907A1 PCT/US2019/013979 US2019013979W WO2019203907A1 WO 2019203907 A1 WO2019203907 A1 WO 2019203907A1 US 2019013979 W US2019013979 W US 2019013979W WO 2019203907 A1 WO2019203907 A1 WO 2019203907A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
laminarizer
flow
laminar flow
carbon filter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2019/013979
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English (en)
Inventor
Manuel S. AVAKIAN
Original Assignee
Avakian Manuel S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US15/956,407 external-priority patent/US10730017B2/en
Application filed by Avakian Manuel S filed Critical Avakian Manuel S
Publication of WO2019203907A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019203907A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/04—Feed pretreatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/58—Multistep processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
    • B01D2311/04—Specific process operations in the feed stream; Feed pretreatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
    • B01D2311/26—Further operations combined with membrane separation processes
    • B01D2311/2626—Absorption or adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
    • B01D2311/26—Further operations combined with membrane separation processes
    • B01D2311/2649—Filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
    • B01D2311/26—Further operations combined with membrane separation processes
    • B01D2311/268—Water softening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/10—Specific supply elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
    • C02F2103/04—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply for obtaining ultra-pure water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents

Definitions

  • the subject matter described herei relates to a water treatment and delivery system for dialysis units.
  • Hemodialysis patients are particularly vulnerable to contaminants in the water used to prepare concentrate and dialysis fluid, or in water used for reprocessing dialyzers. This vulnerability stems from the fact that water is the major constituent of dialysis fluid. Compared with individuals who are not on hemodialysis, hemodialysis patients are exposed to extremely large volumes of water. The estimated water intake of a healthy ⁇ individual is 2 L per day or 14 L per week. By comparison, during a single dialysis treatment lasting four hours, performed at a dialysis fluid flow rate of 800 mL/min, a hemodialysi s patient is exposed to 192 L of water, or to 576 L per week, if treated three times weekly.
  • the gastrointestinal tract separates blood from contaminants in the water.
  • the barrier between blood and water in hemodialysis patients is the membrane within the hemodialyzer through which transfer of contaminants is limited only by the molecular or particulate size of the contaminant. As such, the water used for dialysis patients must be of special quality.
  • RO reverse osmosis
  • Maximum Allowable Levels (rng/L) as set by the AAMI are as follows: Aluminum 0.01, Arsenic 0.005, Barium 0.1 , Cadmium 0.001, Total Hardness 21.0, Calcium 2.0, Calcium as CaCOB 5.0, Magnesium 4.0, Magnesium as CaC03 16.0, Chlorine (free) 0.5,
  • the disclosed technology relates to a water treatment system for preserving downstream components, controlling speed and turbulence of the water flow with laminar Slow and providing superior water quality.
  • the disclosed technology relates to a water filtration and delivery system for a dialysis unit.
  • the water filtration and delivery system can include: a laminarizer, an ultrafiltration unit, the ultrafiltration unit being placed downstream and connected to the laminarizer, the ultrafiltraiion unit receiving a laminar flow from the laminarizer; at least one carbon filter, the at least one carbon filter being placed downstream from the ultrafiltration unit, and at least one horizontal pipe, the at least one horizontal pipe being placed between one of the laminarizer, the ultrafiltration unit and the at least one carbon filter, the at least one horizontal pipe having a downward slope of about 4% thereby enhancing: and maintaining the laminar flow.
  • the laminarizer ca include a series of coils in a geometry that initializes the laminar flow as the laminar flow enters the ultraf Iltraiion system.
  • the at least one horizontal pipe can include a hydraulic bump introduced within the at least one horizontal pipe to further insure the laminar flow is fast and even and prevent hydraulic blockage.
  • the at least- one horizontal pipe can include a fish scale pattern within the at least one horizontal pipe to maintain the laminar flow.
  • the at least one horizontal pipe can include be approximately 0.75” in diameter.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing an implementation of the disclosed technology
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an implementation of a water treatment cart of the disclosed technology
  • FIG. 3 is a close-up, rear view of the water treatment cart shown in Figure 2; and [0617] FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a second implementation of the disclosed technology.
  • the disclosed technology relates to a water treatment system for purifying a water source for dialysis treatments while preserving the life span of downstream filtration system components.
  • Conventional water purification systems purify water to acceptable levels as set by AAM! but higher purity water for dialysis treatments is constantly being sought.
  • the cost associated with maintaining these conventional water purification systems is high.
  • the cost can be attributed to the replacement and maintenance of the carbon filters and RO membranes.
  • a typical carbon block system must be changed after three months, or in some cases after 7-10 treatments.
  • the RO membranes are replaced after decreased flow product and AAM ⁇ chemical analysis indicating unacceptable levels of tested chemicals.
  • the disclosed technology has developed a system that preserves the life span of the carbon filters and the RO membrane by removing suspended solids down to 0.02 turn (micron) in size before the water is fed into the carbon filters and the RO membranes and by the use of laminar water flow'.
  • Turbulent flow removes less solids and is rougher on the carbon filters.
  • the water treatment system 100 can include an ultrafiltration system 108, a carbon filtration system 1 12 and a reverse osmosis filtration system 1 14.
  • a pre-sediment system 106 and a water softener system 104 can also be utilized depending on the quality of the water source.
  • the ultrafxltration system 108 can include an ultrafiltration membrane that provides a physical barrier for the suspended solids and removes particulate from the water source down to approximately 0.02 mhi (micron).
  • the advantage of the ultrafiltration system is that the pre-treated water does not contain suspended solids larger than 0.02 pm which in turn puts less stress on the carbo filtration system 112 and the reverse osmosis filtration system ! 14. Therefore, these carbon filters and RQ membranes will have their life significantly increased.
  • the carbon filer system 1 12 can provide filtration for 100 treatments— a ten-fold increase from conventional systems— while the RO membranes are replaced after an A AMI chemical analysis indicates unacceptable levels of chemicals— also a ten- fold increase from conventional systems.
  • the ultrafiltration system 108 can be a backwashable filter that can be flushed periodically, e.g., before each use, allowing the feed water to flush any particulate that has been retained on the ultrafiltrafion membrane to drain.
  • the ultrafiliration system can have an automated cleaning function set for cleaning the filter after each use. The ultrafiltration system needs replacement when a decreased post ultrafilter pressure indicates decreased product not resolved by cleaning the ultrafilter.
  • ultrafilters have been providing superior filtration for over 3 years without a significant decrease in function.
  • Carbon filters can be used to remove the chlorine and chloramines compounds by chemically reacting with them.
  • the chlorine and chloramines are converted to chloride while the carbon is converted to carbon dioxide incoming water passes over the granular activated carbon media inside the tank, then flows up through a tube in the center.
  • the reverse osmosis nitration removes both organic molecules and salt ions from the water.
  • an RO membrane sieves organic molecules and repels salt ions while passing pure water through the micropores the RO membrane surface.
  • the driving force behind RO is pressure, which is typically supplied by a centrifugal pump. This pressure is needed to overcome the inherent osmotic pressure of the solution and to supply enough energy to force water through membrane pores which are only about 5 angstroms in diameter.
  • RO system 1 14 can be the prefilter, a pump, and sepraiators (spiral-wound membrane elements).
  • The. sepralaiors are placed in stainless steel or PVC housings, which are then manifolded together.
  • RO systems 1 14 operate in a crossflow mode whereby a single stream is fed into the RO and flows across the membrane surface. Two streams exit— the permeate 1 16 and the concentrate 118.
  • the permeate stream contains the water which passes through the membrane and is purified.
  • Tire concentrate stream contains the water, salt ions, and organic molecules that do not pass through the membrane; the concentrate is typically plumbed to drain.
  • Hie advantage of operating in the crossflow mode is that it minimizes plugging of the very small membrane pores. However, because of crossflow operation, only a percentage of the feed is collected as permeate.
  • the RO permeate 1 16 can be fed directly into a loop, which serves the dialyzers. This minimizes stagnant areas where bacteria can establish.
  • the concentrate 1 18 can be recirculated back to the inlet of the RO. This lowers the feed water dissolved solids level and thus gives an even higher tahty permeate. ⁇ 30
  • tap water is fed into an ultrafiltration system 108. The ultrafiltration system 108 removes particulate, down to 0 02 pm (micron) in size.
  • the ultrafiltration system 108 can be flushed periodically in the forward direction by the opening of the solenoid drain valve allowing the flush 110 to exit the ultra filtration system 108. This allows the feed water to flush the particulate that has been retained on the membrane surface to drain.
  • a 100-200 pm pre-sediment filter a backwashable sand filter can be utilized upstream to screen out large particulate, if present.
  • a water softener can also be utilized upstream to remove calcium and magnesium ions.
  • the treated water from the ultrafiltxation system 108 can then be fed to activated carbon tanks 1 12, employed in series, to remove chloramine chlorine, and trace organics.
  • RO machine 1 14 typically removes 90% to 95+ % of the dissolved salts. RO also removes bacteria and pyrogens as well as 99+ % of organic molecules over 200 dal tons in molecular weight.
  • Water flow should be laminar and maintain speeds with little to no tur mee.
  • the water flow through a passage of a water treatment system should be have a laminar flow at a flow rate that does not to cause turbulence within the pipes as turbulence increases fire risk of allowing impurities to enter the pipes as well as degrading the internal components of the carbon niters.
  • m is the viscosity of water (0.933 g/ms)
  • d is the diameter of the tube (taken to be 9.525* 10 L -3 m or 0,375”)
  • p is the density of water (100 L 3 g/m A 3)
  • v is the velocity of the input, or the faucet. Plugging these values in relates the Reynold’s number linearly with the input velocity of the faucet. Turbulence is defined as a Reynold’s number above 2,000.
  • a standard faucet produces a flow between 0.5gp and 2.2gpm and has a diameter of about 0.5” to 0.75”. This gives a range of possible input fluid velocities:
  • v e is the flow velocity and d is the diameter of the faucet in inches.
  • d is the diameter of the faucet in inches.
  • v v is the volume velocity in gpm and d is the inner diameter of the faucet in inches.
  • a laminarizer can be used to convert a turbulent flow into a laminar flow.
  • the laminarizer can use a series of coils with certain geometries to ini tiate a laminar flow into the downstream filters as well as piping between the filters. These laminar coils convert the flow from turbulent to laminar due to a change in fluid resistance. This is described using Dean’s number (K):
  • the tube diameter is increased according to: where ryis the initial tube radius, i?e 1 > 2000 is the Reynolds number assuming turbulent flow, and Re 2 ⁇ 2000 for laminar flow.
  • jy is the initial tube length
  • v x is the initial fluid velocity
  • p is the density of the fluid
  • m is the viscosity of the fluid.
  • 0.588 is the ID of the inlet nipple. (SST 1/2” NPT) 27sq.it.-membrane area in UF cylinder.
  • Water pressure is 40Psi Water flow is 72 L/hour x 41irs.
  • PESM tubing being used on all lines- .375” ID.
  • a water treatment system with laminar flow 300 can include a laminarizer 302, an ultrafiltration system 308, a carbon filtration system 312 and piping 314, 416, 318.
  • the laminarizer 302 can be any component or series of components that causes a wafer flow to become iamin ar.
  • the laminarizer 302 can include a series of coils in a geometry that initializes a laminar water flow before the water enters the ultrafil tration system 308, however, other types oflammarizers can be utilized.
  • the advantage of the laminarizer 302 is that when water enters the ultrafiltration system 308 the ore-treated water is flowing in laminar flow and can contain less suspended solids thereby enhancing the filtration of the u!traftltration unit.
  • the laminarizer 302 and the ultranitration system 308 can be connected with piping 314.
  • the ultrafil tration system 308 can include an ultrafiltration membrane that receives a laminar flow and provides a physical barrier for the suspended solids and removes particulate from the water source down to approximatel 0.02 mhi (micron).
  • the combination of the laminarizer 302 and the ultrafiltration system 308 filters solids from the input 304. These solids are usually no larger than 0.02 pm. As mentioned above, this laminar flow also puts less stress on the carbon filtration system 312 and the reverse osmosis filtration system 320 further downstream. Therefore, the carbon filtration system 312 and reverse osmosis nitration system 320 will have their life significantly increased. For example, the carbon filtration system 312 can provide filtration for 100 treatments— a ten-fold increase from conventional systems— while the
  • RQ membranes are replaced after an AAMI chemical analysis indicating unacceptable levels of chemicals—also a ten-fold increase from conventional systems.
  • the laminarizer 302 and ultrafiltration system 308 can be a backwashable and flushed periodically (e.g., before each use), allowing the feed water to flush any particulate that has been retained in the laminarizer 302 or on an ultrafiltration membrane.
  • the combination of the laminarizer 302 and the ultrafiltration system 308 can have an automated cleaning function set for cleaning the combination after each use.
  • the laminarizer 302 also can cause less wear on the id trail Itration system 308 an the ultrafiltraticn system only needs replacement when a decreased post ultrafilter pressure indicates decreased product not resolved by cleaning the ultrafilter.
  • ulirafilters have been providing superior filtration for over 3 years without a significant decrease in function.
  • the laminarizer 302 will assist in the decrease of wear to the uUrafihraiion unit 308.
  • the carbon filtration system 312 can be used to remove the chlorine and chloramine compounds by chemically reacting with them.
  • the chlorine and chloramine are converted to chloride, while the carbon is converted to carbon dioxide.
  • Incoming water passes over the granular activated carbon media inside the tank then flows up through a tube in the center.
  • the carbon filter bed does not have to filter any fine sediment, silt, organ cs and/or dirt, as these were removed prior from the water entering the carbon filter. Additionally, due to the laminar flow, no turbulence enters the carbon filtration system 312 thereby causing less stress on the internal filter components also extending the life of each carbon filter.
  • the piping 314, 316, 318 between the laminarizer 302, the ultrafiltration system 308 and the carbon filters can be approximately 1 ⁇ 2” in diameter (although other sizes are contemplated).
  • This piping 314, 316, 318 can have a downward slope such that constant
  • 316, 318 can be included to maintain the fast laminar flow.
  • a hydraulic bump can be introduced within the piping 314, 316, 318 to further insure fast and even laminar flow and prevent hydraulic blockage.
  • the reverse osmosis filtration unit 320 removes both organic molecules and salt ions from the water.
  • an RO membrane sieves organic molecules an repels salt ions while passing pure water through the micropores the RO membrane surface.
  • the driving force behind RO is pressure, which is typically supplied by a centrifugal pump. This pressure is needed to overcome the inherent osmotic pressure of the solution and to supply enough energy to force water through membrane pores, which are only approximately 5 angstroms in diameter.
  • RO systems 320 can be the prefilter, a pump, and sepralators (spiral-wound membrane elements).
  • the sepralators are placed in stainless steel or PVC housings, which are then manifolded together.
  • RO systems 320 operate in a crossflow mode, whereby a single stream is fed into the RO and flows across the membrane surface. Two streams exit— the permeate 316 and the concentrate 318.
  • the permeate stream contains the water which passes through the membrane and is purified.
  • the concentrate stream contains the water, salt ions, and organic molecules that do not pass through the membrane; the concentrate is typically plumbed to drain. ⁇ 00471
  • the advantage of operating in the crossflow mode is that it minimizes plugging of the very small membrane pores. However, because of crossflow operation, only a percentage of the feed is collected as permeate.
  • the RO permeate can be fed directly into a loop, which serves the dialysis unit 322. This minimizes stagnant areas where bacteria can establish.
  • the concentrate can be recirculated back to the inlet of the RO. This lowers the feed water dissolved solids level, thus providing an even higher quality permeate.
  • tap water is fed into the laminarizer 302.
  • the laminarizer 302 is placed before the ultrafiltration system 308 to begin the laminar water flow in the pipes, with the laminarizer 302 placed before the ultrafiltration unit it will cause the water to begin flowing in a laminar manner to cause even speed in flow rate.
  • the tap water in laminar flow is sent to the ultrafiltration system 308 where the ultrafiltration system 308 removes particulate, down to 0.02 pm (micron) in size.
  • These systems do not remove ions or other elemental forms such as hardness and heavy metals, or small organic molecules such as pesticides.
  • the ultrafiltration system 308 can be flushed periodically in the forward direction by the opening of the solenoid drain valve allowing a flush to exit the ultrafiltration system 308. This allows the feed water to flush the particulate that has been retained on the membrane surface to drain.
  • a 100-200 pm pre-sediment filter, a backwashable sand filter can be utilized upstream to screen out large particulate, if present.
  • a water softener can also be utilized upstream to remove calcium and magnesium ions.
  • the treated water from the ultrafilfration system308 can then be fed to the carbon filtration system 312, employed in series, to remove chloramine chlorine, and trace organics it is important to keep the chloramine or chlorine in th te system up to this point in order to minimize the chance of bacterial growth.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 show a water filtration cart 200 employing a portable ul trail Iter 210 and two carbon filters 220, 230. This cart 200 can be easily transported and attached to an incoming water source and an RO machine (not shown) in different locations throughout a hospital, home or some other facility and a lammarizer.
  • the cart 200 also can have a base 202 with caster wheels 204 attached to a bottom thereof.
  • the cart 200 also has supports 206 extending above the base 202 for holding the carbon filters 220, 230 and the ultrafilter 210.
  • the cart 200 can also have handles 208 extending laterally from a top portion of the base supports 206.
  • the laminarizer is placed in the down flow before the ultrafiltration to cause the laminar flow to begin.
  • the ultrafilter 210 can he attached to the base supports 206 with a mount 212 that surrounds and supports a top portion of the ultrafilter 210 and a rear mount 214 that firmly' secures the ultrafilter 210 to the base support 206.
  • the mount 212 includes a flush moun 232a piece rigidly connected to a cylinder mount 212b.
  • Tire cylinder mount 212b wraps around an outer portion of the ultrafilter 210, while the flush mount 212a mounts to the supports of the cart with nuts and bolts. Hydraulic bumps may be placed in the horizontal pipes to further cause laminar flow and prevent the water flow from suddenly filling a pipe and blocking or interfering with the laminar flow.
  • the ultrafilter 210 can further include bypass valves 216 used for directing the water flow into a dump, flush or filter positions.
  • the ultrafilter 210 can be
  • the first carbon filter 220 can be mounte to a horizontal support 209 extending from the base supports 206. On the top surface of the horizontal supports 209 a pressure meter 222 can he mounted for viewing internal pressures of the first carbon filter 220 along with a sample port 224 for measuring the quality of the water in the first carbon filter 220.
  • the second carbon filter 230 can also be mounted to the horizontal support 209 having a pressure meter 232 and sample port 234 located thereon.
  • the first and second carbon filters 220, 230 can be communicatively coupled with a bent PVC pipe 226 having a sample port 228 located between the two filters.
  • the second carbon filer 230 can have a connection for being communicatively coupled to a pump 240 for supplying the water to an RO machine (not shown).
  • the pump 240 can be a high-flow, low-pressure delivery pump located on the base 202 and having tubing 242, fittings 244 and connectors 246 for supplying pressurized treated water to the RO machine.
  • 3 ⁇ 4e disclosed t echnology preserves the life span of the carbon filter! 3 by removing suspended solids dowr i to 0.02 pm (micron) in size before the low pariicula te water is fed into the carbon filters 1 hereby extending the life of the carbon filters.

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Abstract

La technologie selon l'invention concerne un système de filtration et de distribution d'eau destiné à une unité de dialyse. Le système de filtration et de distribution d'eau comprend : un dispositif de production d'écoulement laminaire, lequel dispositif produisant un écoulement de dispositif de production d'écoulement laminaire ; une unité d'ultrafiltration, laquelle unité étant placée en aval et reliée au dispositif de production d'écoulement laminaire et laquelle unité recevant l'écoulement laminaire provenant du dispositif de production d'écoulement laminaire ; et au moins un filtre à charbon, ledit au moins un filtre à charbon étant placé en aval de l'unité d'ultrafiltration et ledit au moins un filtre à charbon recevant l'écoulement laminaire, l'écoulement laminaire provoquant moins de contrainte sur les éléments internes de l'unité d'ultrafiltration et ledit au moins un filtre à charbon.
PCT/US2019/013979 2018-04-18 2019-01-17 Système de traitement et de distribution d'eau pour unités de dialyse WO2019203907A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/956,407 US10730017B2 (en) 2015-09-17 2018-04-18 Water treatment and delivery system for dialysis units
US15/956,407 2018-04-18

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WO2019203907A1 true WO2019203907A1 (fr) 2019-10-24

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Citations (5)

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