WO2019196710A1 - Dispositif d'échantillonnage continu de l'eau de surface de l'océan - Google Patents

Dispositif d'échantillonnage continu de l'eau de surface de l'océan Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019196710A1
WO2019196710A1 PCT/CN2019/081034 CN2019081034W WO2019196710A1 WO 2019196710 A1 WO2019196710 A1 WO 2019196710A1 CN 2019081034 W CN2019081034 W CN 2019081034W WO 2019196710 A1 WO2019196710 A1 WO 2019196710A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sampling
tube
sampling tube
surface water
buffer chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/081034
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张浩然
张志平
李杨
Original Assignee
自然资源部第一海洋研究所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 filed Critical 自然资源部第一海洋研究所
Publication of WO2019196710A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019196710A1/fr
Priority to ZA2020/04371A priority Critical patent/ZA202004371B/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
    • G01N2001/1418—Depression, aspiration

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of scientific research vessels, in particular to a marine surface water continuous sampling device.
  • Microplastics a plastic particle less than 5 mm in diameter, are a major carrier of pollution.
  • the microplastics include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyurethane, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, and the like.
  • the small size of the microplastic means that the higher specific surface area (specific surface area refers to the surface area per unit mass of the porous solid material), the larger the specific surface area, the stronger the ability to adsorb contaminants.
  • specific surface area refers to the surface area per unit mass of the porous solid material
  • the larger the specific surface area the stronger the ability to adsorb contaminants.
  • there are a large number of persistent organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls and bisphenol A in the environment these organic pollutants are often hydrophobic, that is, they are not easily dissolved in water, so they often cannot be free with water flow. Flow), once the microplastics meet these contaminants, they just aggregate to form an organic contaminated sphere.
  • the size of the wandering micro-plastics is generally less than 5mm, and it is easy to be eaten by the "low-end" food chain organisms such as zooplankton, benthic organisms, fish, mussels in the marine environment, and the micro-plastics cannot be digested. Ingestion can only exist in the stomach, occupying space, causing the animal to become sick or even die; and if the micro-plastic with organic pollutants is eaten, the damage to these planktons is even worse, the pollutants are It is released by the action of enzymes in the living body, which aggravates its condition. On the one hand, it may cause the death of living things, affecting the stability of the ecosystem, on the other hand, it may spread through the food chain and finally appear on the human table.
  • the "low-end" food chain organisms such as zooplankton, benthic organisms, fish, mussels in the marine environment, and the micro-plastics cannot be digested. Ingestion can only exist in the stomach, occupying space, causing
  • Mussels, zooplankton and other organisms at the bottom of the food chain are eaten by the upper animals, while micro-plastics, even micro-plastics and organic pollutants enter the upper animals.
  • a characteristic of the food chain is the "enrichment" effect, perhaps at the bottom of the animals.
  • the harmful substances in the body are only 1%, but it becomes 20% in the upper layer. This will cause a large number of microplastics to eat or die.
  • the top of the food chain is human, and humans will accumulate a large amount under the influence of enrichment.
  • the micro-plastics in the body, these indigestible small particles have an unpredictable hazard to humans. Microplastics are like PM2.5 in the ocean, threatening the health of marine life and humans. Animal experiments have found that plastic particles can enter tissue cells due to their small particle size, accumulate in animal organs, causing inflammatory reactions, leading to liver damage and endocrine disorders.
  • the first step is to test the composition and content of these micro-plastics, so as to judge the seriousness and main source of pollution, and provide a basis for the next step of treatment.
  • the detection of marine microplastic particles includes PerkinElmer infrared spectroscopy, infrared microscopic imaging system, and transforming microscopic infrared spectroscopy.
  • PerkinElmer infrared spectroscopy and infrared microscopy imaging systems provide powerful support for the inspection process.
  • the premise of microplastic testing is to first obtain and filter microplastic particles from ocean surface water. At present, sampling is divided into static sampling and dynamic stern or sideboard sampling.
  • Static sampling is relatively easy to operate, but it is necessary to stop the ship. It is not convenient to collect a large amount of data to evaluate the sea area within a certain range. Dynamic sampling will be caused by the operation of the ship. Seawater creates a constant resistance to the sampling equipment, which puts a high demand on the sampling equipment. However, if it is necessary and necessary to detect and evaluate the pollution status of the water micro-plastics within a certain range by the test results, it is necessary to carry out a continuous average sampling of the sea area, that is, the larger the surface water sampling area of the sea area is, The more accurate the data being characterized, the more constant sampling is required. For example, a variety of deep-sea sampling equipment independently developed by China, such as multi-tube, box, trawl, etc.
  • the box type is generally used in static sampling.
  • the position of the box cannot be artificially fixed due to the resistance of water under water, and it is easy to cause friction and impact damage to the hull.
  • the method of trawling is easy to entangle with underwater objects, such as breeding. Zones or some floating objects are also unable to stabilize sampling for long periods of time.
  • the method of continuously sampling the scientific research ship during the navigation process is generally to install one or more sampling tubes on the ship's side, and the sampling tube is extended into the water surface below 20 to 30 cm, and the position is determined by the pumping device through the sampling tube. Surface seawater is collected on the ship, but this sampling method has some problems. First, the scientific research ship has a certain speed during navigation.
  • the sampling pipe will receive continuous resistance of seawater when collecting surface water, which will cause the sampling pipe to generate upward buoyancy. Not only will it affect the position of the sampling tube under water, but also the sampling tube is difficult to fix on the ship's side. Secondly, even if the traditional sampling tube is firmly fixed on the ship's side, the seawater will continue to resist due to the long-term continuous navigation of the scientific research ship. The sampling tube will cause the sampling tube to bend and cause damage. Thirdly, how to stably fix the sampling tube on the ship's side is still a problem to be solved.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an adaptive sampling method, which can continuously collect surface water data of a large range of waters, ensure stable sampling process, sample data and required water.
  • the water sample of the layer is accurate and does not delay the navigation time of the scientific research vessel and other oceanographic surface water continuous sampling devices.
  • a marine surface water continuous sampling device the device includes a beam that can be lifted up and down along the ship's rail, and a beam for suctioning the surface water is fixed on the beam.
  • the buffering mechanism includes a buffer chamber disposed on the beam, the buffer chamber includes a buffer chamber, and the sampling tube is disposed in the buffer a cavity and a downwardly extending buffer chamber to a position near the surface of the water, and a support guard assembly for allowing the sampling tube to flexibly swing in the buffer chamber when the continuous resistance of the seawater acts on the sampling tube is disposed around the sampling tube in the buffer chamber.
  • the bottom end of the tube is provided with a depth sensor for detecting the distance of the inlet of the sampling tube from the water surface, and further comprising a controller,
  • the sensor detects the position signal of the water inlet and sends it to the controller.
  • the controller receives the position signal and sends a signal for controlling the working state of the hydraulic cylinder to the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the hydraulic cylinder pushes the beam to place the inlet of the sampling tube in the surface water position. After the sampling is finished, the controller sends a stop signal to the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder drives the beam to retract, and
  • the support protection component comprises a plurality of rubber protection rings arranged in sequence along the outer side of the sampling tube in the axial direction of the sampling tube, and a reduction effect is applied between the rubber protection ring and the buffer inner wall A buffer spring for continuous resistance to seawater on the pipe.
  • the sampling tube comprising a rigid dip tube fixed to the buffer chamber, a rigid conveying tube connecting the rigid dip tube, and a flexible output tube connecting the rigid conveying tube to pump the surface water to the ship.
  • the adjusting component comprises a seat body disposed on the beam, and the ball body is provided with a ball body rotatably connected thereto, and the rigid immersion pipe is rotatably connected to the seat body through the ball body.
  • the buffer springs are disposed in plurality, and are evenly circumferentially disposed between the rubber protection ring and the inner wall of the buffer.
  • the bottom of the buffer chamber is provided with an adjustment hole for allowing the sampling tube to extend out of the buffer chamber, and the aperture of the adjustment hole is set to be 1 to 3 times the outer diameter of the sampling tube.
  • the hydraulic cylinders are provided two, which are respectively symmetrically disposed on both sides of the sampling tube and fixed on the ship's side.
  • the rigid immersion tube is disposed from a top to a bottom in a stepped structure having a gradually decreasing diameter.
  • the advantage of the marine surface water continuous sampling device of the invention is that the setting of the depth sensor, the controller and the hydraulic cylinder not only ensures the accurate acquisition of the surface water, but also enables continuous collection during the navigation of the scientific research vessel, and the buffer mechanism is effective not only effective.
  • the continuous water flow resistance is avoided to cause damage to the sampling tube in the axial direction and the radial direction of the sampling tube, and the resistance can be alleviated, the service life of the sampling device can be improved, and the automatic control method can be adopted to pass the depth measurement of the depth sensor.
  • the signal adjusts the depth of the sampling tube in the surface water in real time, realizing the purpose of automatically collecting surface water.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view showing the structure of the connection of the sampling tube and the regulating member
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged partial view showing the connection of the slow rubber protection ring, the buffer spring and the rigid dip tube;
  • Figure 4 is a state diagram of the surface water collection process of the present invention.
  • a marine surface water continuous sampling device the device 4 is mounted on the ship's side 2 of the hull 1, the device 4 comprising a beam 5 which can be lifted up and down along the ship's side 2, in the beam 5 is fixed with a sampling tube 6 for sampling the surface water 3, and a hydraulic cylinder 7 for driving the beam 5 to lift and lower the sampling tube 6 to the surface water 3 position, in order to ensure that the beam 5 is sufficiently stable when lifting,
  • two hydraulic cylinders 7 are disposed symmetrically on both sides of the sampling tube 6 and fixed to the ship's side 2.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 7 is a power component commonly used in the prior art and will not be explained here.
  • the buffer member 8 is provided on the beam 5 to prevent damage to the sampling tube 6 caused by the continuous resistance of the seawater when the hull 1 is sailing.
  • an adjusting member 9 which is swingable relative to the beam 5 when the sampling tube 6 is subjected to continuous resistance of seawater
  • the buffering mechanism 8 comprises a buffer chamber 10 provided on the beam 5
  • the buffer chamber 10 includes a buffer chamber 11 disposed in the buffer chamber 11 and extending downwardly from the buffer chamber 10 to a near-water surface position.
  • the sampling tube 6 is disposed in the buffer chamber 10 with continuous resistance of seawater acting on the sampling.
  • the support guard assembly for allowing the sampling tube 6 to swing flexibly in the buffer chamber 11 when the tube 6 is on comprises a plurality of rubber protection rings 12 arranged in sequence along the outer wall of the sampling tube 6 in the axial direction of the sampling tube 6, A buffer spring 13 that reduces the continuous resistance of the seawater acting on the sampling tube 6 is provided between the rubber guard ring 12 and the inner wall of the buffer chamber 10.
  • the buffer spring 13 of the present invention is provided in plurality, uniformly circumferentially disposed between the rubber protection ring 12 and the inner wall of the buffer chamber 10. Irregular vibrations may occur around the axis of the sampling tube 6 when the sampling tube 6 is subjected to the continuous resistance of the seawater. Therefore, an adjustment hole 14 allowing the sampling tube 6 to extend out of the buffer chamber 10 is opened at the bottom of the buffer chamber 10, and the adjustment hole 14 is adjusted.
  • the aperture is set to be 1 to 3 times the outer diameter of the sampling tube.
  • a depth sensor 15 for detecting the distance of the water inlet of the sampling tube 6 from the water surface is installed at the bottom end of the sampling tube 6, and further includes a controller, and the depth sensor 15 detects the position signal of the water inlet.
  • the controller receives the position signal and sends a signal for controlling the working state of the hydraulic cylinder 7 to the hydraulic cylinder 7.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 7 pushes the beam 5 to place the water inlet of the sampling tube 6 at the position of the surface water 3, and the sampling ends.
  • the controller then sends a stop signal to the hydraulic cylinder 7, the hydraulic cylinder 7 drives the beam 5 to retract, and the sampling tube 6 rises and leaves the water surface to complete the sampling operation.
  • the surface water 3 is generally in the range of 20 to 30 cm below the water surface.
  • the sampling tube 6 includes a rigid dip tube 16 fixed to the buffer chamber 10, a rigid delivery tube 17 connected to the rigid dip tube 16, and a surface water pump connecting the rigid delivery tube 17. Suction to the flexible output tube 18 on the ship.
  • the rigid dip tube 16 is disposed from the top to the bottom in a stepped structure in which the diameter is gradually reduced.
  • the adjusting member comprises a seat body 19 which is arranged on the cross member 5, and a ball body 20 which is rotatably connected thereto is arranged on the seat body 19, and the rigid dip tube 16 is rotatably connected to the seat body 19 via the ball body 20.
  • the resistance of the sampling pipe 6 is basically generated by the seawater in the navigation direction of the hull 1, and the resistance caused by the lateral flow of the sampling pipe 6 is relatively small, and the sampling is basically not performed.
  • the tube 6 causes a substantial influence, and the buffer mechanism 8 can not only reduce the main resistance generated by the seawater in the navigation direction, but also can well adjust the lateral resistance, and can always ensure that the position of the sampling tube 6 is stable.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (4) permettant d'échantillonner en continu l'eau de surface (3) de l'océan. Le dispositif (4) comprend une poutre transversale (5) qui peut se soulever verticalement sur un côté (2) d'un navire, un tube d'échantillonnage (6) servant à échantillonner l'eau de surface (3) par aspiration et un cylindre hydraulique (7) servant à entraîner la poutre transversale (5) pour la faire monter et descendre pour amener le tube d'échantillonnage (6) en contact avec l'eau de surface (3) étant fixés sur la poutre transversale (5) ; et la poutre transversale (5) est pourvue d'un mécanisme tampon (8) qui empêche que le tube d'échantillonnage (6) ne soit endommagé par la résistance continuelle présentée par l'eau de mer lorsque la coque (1) se déplace. Le dispositif permet non seulement d'assurer efficacement l'acquisition précise de l'eau de surface (3), mais également de réaliser une collecte continue pendant le voyage d'un navire de recherche. Le mécanisme tampon (8) non seulement empêche un endommagement axial et radial du tube d'échantillonnage (6) par l'action d'une résistance due à un écoulement continu sur le tube d'échantillonnage (6), mais permet également de réaliser une atténuation de la résistance, ce qui prolonge la durée de vie du dispositif d'échantillonnage (4).
PCT/CN2019/081034 2018-04-13 2019-04-02 Dispositif d'échantillonnage continu de l'eau de surface de l'océan WO2019196710A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA2020/04371A ZA202004371B (en) 2018-04-13 2020-07-16 Device for continuously sampling ocean surface water

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810388675.6A CN108548696B (zh) 2018-04-13 2018-04-13 一种海洋表层水连续取样装置
CN201810388675.6 2018-04-13

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019196710A1 true WO2019196710A1 (fr) 2019-10-17

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CN (1) CN108548696B (fr)
WO (1) WO2019196710A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA202004371B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11333585B2 (en) * 2018-04-13 2022-05-17 The First Institute Of Oceanography Device for continuously sampling deep sea surface water
CN117535121A (zh) * 2024-01-09 2024-02-09 四川博浩达生物科技有限公司 一种工业酶样品提取设备

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108548696B (zh) * 2018-04-13 2020-06-23 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 一种海洋表层水连续取样装置
CN111692159A (zh) * 2020-06-17 2020-09-22 中建环能科技股份有限公司 可延长油缸使用寿命的安装组件及安装方法
CN113281109A (zh) * 2021-07-20 2021-08-20 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第四地质大队(山东省第四地质矿产勘查院) 一种海洋工程用水质资源监测定深取样器
CN113501078B (zh) * 2021-09-08 2021-11-12 江苏南通鑫业网络科技有限公司 一种海洋通信用信号收发装置

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CN108548696A (zh) * 2018-04-13 2018-09-18 国家海洋局第海洋研究所 一种海洋表层水连续取样装置

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SU1352292A1 (ru) * 1985-10-10 1987-11-15 Полярный научно-исследовательский институт морского рыбного хозяйства и океанографии им.Н.М.Книповича Судова система непрерывного отбора воды с приповерхностного горизонта
JP3757133B2 (ja) * 2001-06-06 2006-03-22 アドバンテック東洋株式会社 水中試料採取装置
CN104567993A (zh) * 2014-12-09 2015-04-29 浙江省海洋水产研究所 走航式水体探测系统
CN105823735A (zh) * 2016-05-11 2016-08-03 张维 一种水质遥感测量装置
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CN108548696A (zh) * 2018-04-13 2018-09-18 国家海洋局第海洋研究所 一种海洋表层水连续取样装置

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11333585B2 (en) * 2018-04-13 2022-05-17 The First Institute Of Oceanography Device for continuously sampling deep sea surface water
CN117535121A (zh) * 2024-01-09 2024-02-09 四川博浩达生物科技有限公司 一种工业酶样品提取设备
CN117535121B (zh) * 2024-01-09 2024-03-19 四川博浩达生物科技有限公司 一种工业酶样品提取设备

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CN108548696B (zh) 2020-06-23
CN108548696A (zh) 2018-09-18
ZA202004371B (en) 2021-07-28

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