WO2019196357A1 - 瓦片 - Google Patents

瓦片 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019196357A1
WO2019196357A1 PCT/CN2018/108632 CN2018108632W WO2019196357A1 WO 2019196357 A1 WO2019196357 A1 WO 2019196357A1 CN 2018108632 W CN2018108632 W CN 2018108632W WO 2019196357 A1 WO2019196357 A1 WO 2019196357A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tile
photovoltaic cell
tile body
transparent cover
spacer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/108632
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱彦君
田金虎
孙书龙
Original Assignee
广东汉能薄膜太阳能有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广东汉能薄膜太阳能有限公司 filed Critical 广东汉能薄膜太阳能有限公司
Publication of WO2019196357A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019196357A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/28—Roofing elements comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
    • H02S20/25—Roof tile elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of building materials technology, and more particularly to a tile.
  • Tiles are used in construction, not only for heat insulation and rain protection, but also for their neat appearance and durability.
  • tiles include terracotta tiles, glazed tiles, photovoltaic tiles, and the like. Tiles of these materials will transfer the radiant heat of sunlight to the house to varying degrees, resulting in reduced comfort in the interior space.
  • the present disclosure provides a tile, including a tile body and a heat insulation sheet, the heat insulation sheet is laminated on the inner side of the tile body, and a spacer is disposed between the tile body and the heat insulation sheet.
  • a gap layer is formed between the tile body and the heat insulating sheet by the spacer, and the heat insulating sheet is a double-layer laminated Low-E glass.
  • the spacer may be an annular spacer disposed between the edge of the inner surface of the tile body and the heat insulating sheet, and may also include at least two linear spacers, the at least two linear spacers are evenly arranged on the tile Between the body and the heat insulating sheet, it may also be a curved spacer.
  • the spacer is an annular spacer formed between the tile body and the heat shield along the perimeter of the inner side surface of the tile body.
  • the double-layered Lay-E glass refers to two stacked Low-E glasses, which are fixed by a glue layer between the two Low-E glasses.
  • the tile body can be a ceramic tile body, a glazed tile body, or a photovoltaic tile body.
  • the tile body may be a flat tile body or a curved tile body.
  • the heat shield may be a planar heat shield or a curved heat shield.
  • the spacers can be metal spacers or non-metallic spacers. In some embodiments, the spacer is an aluminum spacer.
  • the tile body includes a light transmissive cover plate and a photovoltaic cell layer disposed inside the light transmissive cover plate.
  • the transparent cover plate may be a glass cover plate or an acrylic cover plate.
  • the light transmissive cover is an ultra-white tempered glass cover.
  • the photovoltaic cell layer can be a rigid photovoltaic cell layer or a flexible photovoltaic cell layer.
  • the photovoltaic cell layer may be fixed to the inner side of the transparent cover by adhesive bonding, or may be connected to the inner side of the transparent cover by a screw connection structure or a snap-fit structure.
  • the light transmissive cover is curved and the photovoltaic cell layer is a flexible photovoltaic cell layer.
  • the flexible photovoltaic cell layer can be a thin film solar cell.
  • the tile body further includes a backing plate that covers and is secured to a side surface of the photovoltaic cell layer that is remote from the light transmissive cover.
  • the back plate may be covered by adhesive and fixed on one side surface of the photovoltaic cell away from the transparent cover plate, or may be covered by a threaded connection structure or a snap-fit structure and fixed on a side surface of the photovoltaic cell away from the transparent cover plate. on.
  • the back plate may be a flexible back plate or a rigid back plate.
  • the transparent cover plate is a curved transparent cover plate
  • the photovoltaic cell layer is a curved photovoltaic cell layer adapted to the inner surface of the transparent cover plate
  • the back plate is a flexible back plate. .
  • the tile body further includes a waterproof sealing layer disposed between the transparent cover plate and the photovoltaic cell layer, and the waterproof sealing layer is transparent to light.
  • the spacer has a thickness of 9-16 mm.
  • a desiccant is placed in the void layer.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of a tile of an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG 2 is an exploded view of a tile body in a tile of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a tile for solving the problem of how to improve the thermal insulation performance of a tile to ensure the comfort of the interior space of the house.
  • FIG. 1 is a specific embodiment of a tile according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the tile of the embodiment includes a tile body 1 and a heat insulation sheet 2 , and the heat insulation film 2 is stacked on one side of the tile body 1 .
  • a spacer 3 is disposed between the tile body 1 and the heat insulating sheet 2, and the gap between the tile body 1 and the heat insulating sheet 2 is separated into a gap layer 4 by the spacer 3, and the heat insulating sheet 2 is double-layered.
  • Low-E glass Low-E glass.
  • the present disclosure provides a tile in which the heat insulating sheet 2 is laminated on one side of the tile body 1 because the tile includes the tile body 1 and the heat insulating sheet 2, and therefore, the tile is applied to the roof.
  • the sunlight is irradiated onto the tile body 1, a part of the sunlight is reflected by the tile body 1, and a part of the sunlight is absorbed by the tile body 1 and heat is transferred in the form of heat energy.
  • the heat transfer methods include heat conduction, heat radiation and heat convection. Since the spacer 3 is provided between the tile body 1 and the heat insulating sheet 2, the gap layer 4 is formed by separating the tile body 1 and the heat insulating sheet 2 by the spacer 3.
  • the gas in the void layer 4 cannot flow, thereby preventing heat from being transferred from the tile body 1 to the heat insulating sheet 2 by means of heat convection.
  • the heat insulating sheet 2 is a double-layer laminated Low-E glass
  • the double-layer laminated Low-E glass can effectively reflect the radiant heat, so that heat is hardly transmitted to the house through the heat insulating sheet 2 by means of heat radiation.
  • the heat on the tile body 1 is thus transferred from the spacer 3 to the heat insulating sheet 2 by means of heat conduction.
  • the spacer 3 is smaller in volume than the entire laminated structure, less heat can be transferred, whereby less heat energy is transferred from the tile body 1 to the heat insulating sheet 2, and heat insulation of the tile The higher performance ensures the comfort of the interior of the house.
  • the spacer 3 may be an annular spacer formed between the tile body 1 and the heat insulating sheet 2 along the periphery of the inner side surface of the tile body 1. It is also possible to include at least two linear spacers which are evenly arranged between the tile body 1 and the heat insulating sheet 2. It can also be a curved spacer. Alternatively, it may be a combination of the above various spacers. In order to prevent water from entering the void layer, preferably, the spacer 3 is an annular spacer formed between the tile body 1 and the heat insulating sheet 2 along the periphery of the inner side surface of the tile body 1, as shown by a thick line in FIG. Strip spacers 3.
  • the double-layered Lay-E glass refers to two stacked Low-E glasses 21, and the two Low-E glasses 21 are fixed by the first adhesive layer 22.
  • Low-E glass is a low-emissivity glass that can be coated with a multi-layer metal or other compound film system on the surface of the glass.
  • the coating layer of the glass has high transmission of visible light and high reflection of mid-range infrared rays, and has excellent heat insulation effect and good light transmittance compared with ordinary glass and conventional coated glass for construction.
  • the inner side of the tile body 1 refers to the side of the tile body 1 on the tile facing the interior of the house when the tile is applied to the roof surface of the house, and correspondingly, the inner side surface of the tile body 1 refers to When the tile is applied to the roof surface of the house, the tile body 1 on the tile faces the one side surface of the interior of the house.
  • the tile body 1 may be a ceramic tile body, a glazed tile body, or a photovoltaic tile body, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the thickness of the spacer 3 may be 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, etc., and is not specifically limited herein.
  • the thickness of the spacer 3 (that is, along the thickness direction of the tile)
  • the maximum width is 9 to 16 mm.
  • the thickness of the spacer 3 is within this range, the thickness of the void layer 4 is large, which can effectively prevent heat from being transferred from the tile body 1 to the heat insulating sheet 2 by means of heat convection, so that the tile has superior heat insulation. Performance, at the same time, can avoid the thickness of the tile is large and the tile is too thick.
  • a desiccant is present in the void layer 4. In this way, the water entering the void layer 4 can be absorbed by the desiccant to improve the waterproof performance of the tile.
  • the tile body 1 may be a planar tile body or a curved tile body.
  • the heat insulation sheet 2 may be a planar heat insulation sheet, or may be The curved heat-insulating sheet adapted to the curved tile body is not specifically limited herein.
  • the spacer 3 may be a metal spacer or a non-metal spacer, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the spacer 3 is an aluminum strip, and the aluminum strip is simple in molding process and low in cost.
  • the spacer 3 may be fixed between the tile body 1 and the heat insulating sheet 2 by gluing, or may be fixed to the tile body 1 and the heat insulating sheet 2 by a snap-fit structure or a screw connection structure. Between, there is no specific limit here. However, in order to avoid leakage of the tile on the tile body 1 for mounting the screw connection structure or the snap-fit structure, it is preferable that the spacer 3 is fixed to the tile body 1 and the heat insulation sheet 2 by gluing. between. In this way, it is possible to avoid opening a mounting hole in the tile body 1 and causing the tile to leak.
  • the spacer 3 When the spacer 3 is fixed between the tile body 1 and the heat insulating sheet 2 by gluing, specifically, it can be adhesively fixed between the tile body 1 and the heat insulating sheet 2 by using a silicone rubber, a strong adhesive tape or a sealant. However, in order to seal the void layer 4, preferably, the spacer 3 is adhesively fixed between the tile body 1 and the heat insulating sheet 2 by a sealant.
  • the sealant can be butyl rubber.
  • the tile body 1 may include a transparent cover plate 11 and a photovoltaic cell layer 12 disposed inside the transparent cover plate 11.
  • a photovoltaic tile can be formed.
  • the photovoltaic cell layer 12 is capable of converting a portion of the light energy into electrical energy to meet the user's energy needs, thereby addressing the current energy shortage problem.
  • the inner side of the transparent cover 11 refers to the side of the transparent cover 11 in the tile facing the interior of the house when the tile is applied to the roof surface of the house.
  • the transparent cover plate 11 may be a glass cover plate or an acrylic cover plate, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the transparent cover plate 11 is an ultra-white tempered glass cover plate, and the ultra-white tempered glass has good structural stability and high light transmittance, which can prolong the service life of the photovoltaic tile and improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic tile.
  • the photovoltaic cell layer 12 can be a rigid photovoltaic cell layer or a flexible photovoltaic cell layer, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the photovoltaic cell layer 12 may be fixed to the inner side of the transparent cover 11 by adhesive bonding, or may be connected to the inner side of the transparent cover 11 by a screw connection structure or a snap-fit structure, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the photovoltaic cell layer 12 is fixed to the transparent cover 11 by adhesive bonding. On the inner side, in this way, it is possible to avoid opening a mounting hole in the transparent cover 11 and causing the tile to leak.
  • the photovoltaic cell layer 12 When the photovoltaic cell layer 12 is fixed to the inner side of the transparent cover 11 by adhesive bonding, specifically, it may be glued and fixed on the inner side of the transparent cover 11 by using a dot glue, a line glue, or a whole glue layer. . In order to improve the connection stability between the transparent cover 11 and the photovoltaic cell layer 12, it is preferable that the photovoltaic cell layer 12 can be adhesively fixed to the inner side of the transparent cover 11 by a whole layer of the second adhesive layer 13. Further, in order to seal the gap between the transparent cover 11 and the photovoltaic cell layer 12, preferably, the second adhesive layer 13 may be a sealant. Specifically, the sealant may be an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or a thermoplastic. Resin or polyolefin material or the like is not specifically limited herein.
  • the photovoltaic cell layer 12 when the transparent cover 11 is curved, preferably, the photovoltaic cell layer 12 is a flexible photovoltaic cell layer.
  • the flexible photovoltaic cell layer can be freely bent to accommodate the curvature of the inner side surface of the light transmissive cover 11, thereby facilitating the attaching operation of the photovoltaic cell layer 12 on the inner side surface of the transparent cover 11.
  • the optional flexible photovoltaic cell layer can be a thin film solar cell, and the thin film solar cell is a commonly used flexible photovoltaic cell, so it is easy to implement.
  • the tile body 1 further includes a backing plate 14 that is covered and fixed on a side surface of the photovoltaic cell layer 12 facing away from the transparent cover plate 11.
  • the photovoltaic cell layer 12 is sandwiched between the transparent cover 11 and the backing plate 14.
  • the photovoltaic cell layer 12 is encapsulated by the backing plate 14 to prevent direct contact of the water or dust with the photovoltaic cell layer 12 to affect the lifetime of the photovoltaic cell layer 12.
  • the backing plate 14 is covered and fixed on the side surface of the photovoltaic cell layer 12 facing away from the transparent cover plate 11 to mean that the back plate 14 is covered and fixed on the photovoltaic cell layer 12 away from the light.
  • the entire surface of one side surface of the cover plate 11 and the curvature of the back plate 14 are consistent or approximately coincident with the curvature of the side surface of the photovoltaic cell layer 12 away from the transparent cover plate 11.
  • the backing plate 14 may be fixed on the side surface of the photovoltaic cell layer 12 facing away from the transparent cover 11 by adhesive bonding, or may be fixed to the photovoltaic cell layer 12 away from the transparent cover by a connecting member such as a screw or a snap-fit structure.
  • the surface of one side of 11 is not specifically limited herein.
  • the backing plate 14 may be made of a point glue, a line glue or a whole layer of glue.
  • the surface of the photovoltaic cell layer 12 is away from the transparent cover 11 and is not specifically limited. In this embodiment, preferably, as shown in FIG.
  • the backing plate 14 is adhesively fixed to a side surface of the photovoltaic cell layer 12 facing away from the transparent cover 11 by a whole layer of the third adhesive layer 15.
  • the connection strength between the back plate 14 and the photovoltaic cell layer 12 is high, and the glue layer can effectively block the gap between the back plate 14 and the photovoltaic cell layer 12, preventing impurities from intruding into the gap and affecting the power generation efficiency of the tile. And service life.
  • the backboard 14 may be a rigid backplane or a flexible backplane, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the transparent cover plate 11 is curved
  • the photovoltaic cell layer 12 is a curved photovoltaic cell layer adapted to the inner surface of the transparent cover plate 11, in order to reduce the difficulty in fabricating the tile, preferably, the back The board 14 is a flexible back board.
  • the flexible backsheet can be bent to accommodate the curvature of the photovoltaic cell layer 12 facing away from the side surface of the light transmissive cover 11, thereby facilitating the conformal fixation between the backsheet 14 and the photovoltaic cell layer 12.
  • the flexible backing plate may be an aluminum-plastic backing plate or a resin backing plate, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the flexible backboard is an aluminum-plastic backsheet, and the aluminum-plastic backsheet has better weather resistance and wear resistance, and can extend the service life of the tile.
  • the tile body 1 further includes a waterproof sealing layer 16 disposed between the transparent cover plate 11 and the photovoltaic cell layer 12, and the waterproof sealing layer 16 is transparent. Light. Thereby, the gap between the transparent cover plate 11 and the photovoltaic cell layer 12 is further sealed by the waterproof sealing layer 16 to prevent the intrusion of impurities and affect the service life of the photovoltaic tile.

Abstract

一种瓦片，其包括瓦体（1）和隔热片（2），隔热片（2）层叠设置于瓦体（1）内侧，瓦体（1）与隔热片（2）之间设有间隔件（3），瓦体（1）与隔热片（2）之间通过间隔件（3）分隔形成空隙层（4），隔热片（2）为双层夹胶Low-E玻璃。该瓦片隔热性能好，能保证房屋内部空间的舒适度。

Description

瓦片
本申请要求于2018年4月14日提交的中国实用新型专利申请No.201820532160.4的优先权，该申请的全部内容以引用的方式并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及建筑材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种瓦片。
背景技术
瓦片应用于建筑上，不仅起到隔热和防雨的作用，而且美观整洁，耐用性高。在相关技术中，瓦片包括陶瓦、琉璃瓦以及光伏瓦等等。这些材质的瓦片都会不同程度地将太阳光的辐射热量传递至房屋内，从而导致室内空间的舒适度降低。
公开内容
本公开提供了一种瓦片，包括瓦体和隔热片，所述隔热片层叠设置于所述瓦体的内侧，所述瓦体与所述隔热片之间设有间隔件，所述瓦体与所述隔热片之间通过所述间隔件分隔形成空隙层，以及，所述隔热片为双层夹胶Low-E玻璃。
其中，间隔件可以为设置于瓦体的内侧表面的边沿一周与隔热片之间的环形间隔件，也可以包括至少两条直线型间隔件，该至少两条直线型间隔件均匀布置于瓦体与隔热片之间，还可以为曲线型间隔件。在一些实施例中，间隔件是沿瓦体的内侧表面的周边形成于瓦体与隔热片之间的环形间隔件。另外，双层夹胶Low-E玻璃是指两个层叠设置的Low-E玻璃，该两个Low-E玻璃之间通过胶层固定。另外，瓦体可以为陶瓦体，也可以为琉璃瓦体，还可以光伏瓦体。再者，瓦体可以为平面状的瓦体，也可以为曲面状的瓦体，相应的，隔热片可以为平面状的隔热片，也可以为曲面状的隔热片。
在一些实施例中，间隔件可以为金属间隔件，也可以为非金属 间隔件。在一些实施例中，间隔件为铝制间隔件。
在一些实施例中，瓦体包括透光盖板和设置于该透光盖板内侧的光伏电池层。其中，透光盖板可以为玻璃盖板，也可以为亚克力盖板。在一些实施例中，透光盖板为超白钢化玻璃盖板。另外，光伏电池层可以为刚性的光伏电池层，也可以为柔性的光伏电池层。再者，光伏电池层可以通过胶粘固定于透光盖板的内侧，也可以通过螺纹连接结构或者卡接结构连接于透光盖板的内侧。
在一些实施例中，透光盖板为曲面状，光伏电池层为柔性的光伏电池层。其中，在一些实施例中，柔性的光伏电池层可以为薄膜太阳能电池。
在一些实施例中，瓦体还包括背板，该背板覆盖并固定于光伏电池层远离透光盖板的一侧表面上。其中，背板可以通过胶粘覆盖并固定于光伏电池远离透光盖板的一侧表面上，也可以通过螺纹连接结构或者卡接结构覆盖并固定于光伏电池远离透光盖板的一侧表面上。另外，背板可以为柔性背板，也可以为刚性背板。当透光盖板为曲面状的透光盖板，且光伏电池层为与透光盖板的内侧表面相适应的曲面状的光伏电池层时，在一些实施例中，背板为柔性背板。
在一些实施例中，瓦体还包括防水密封层，该防水密封层设置于透光盖板与光伏电池层之间，且该防水密封层可透光。
在一些实施例中，间隔件的厚度为9～16mm。
在一些实施例中，空隙层内存置有干燥剂。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本公开实施例瓦片的分解图；
图2为本公开实施例瓦片中瓦体的分解图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他方式方式，都属于本公开保护的范围。
需要说明的是，在本公开的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”等方位描述，只是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或零部件必须具有特定的方位、或者以特定的方位构造和操作。因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。在本公开的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
本公开的实施例提供一种瓦片，用于解决如何提高瓦片的隔热性能以保证房屋内部空间的舒适度的问题。
参照图1，图1为本公开实施例瓦片的一个具体实施例，本实施例的瓦片包括瓦体1和隔热片2，隔热片2层叠设置于瓦体1的一侧，该瓦体1与该隔热片2之间设有间隔件3，该瓦体1与该隔热片2之间通过该间隔件3分隔成空隙层4，该隔热片2为双层夹胶Low-E玻璃。
本公开提供的一种瓦片，由于瓦片包括瓦体1和隔热片2，隔热片2层叠设置于瓦体1的一侧，因此，在将该瓦片应用于房顶上的情况下，当太阳光照射至瓦体1上时，一部分太阳光被瓦体1反射，一部分太阳光被瓦体1吸收并以热能的形式进行热传递。热传递的方式有热传导、热辐射和热对流三种。由于瓦体1与隔热片2之间设有间隔件3，瓦体1与隔热片2之间通过该间隔件3分隔形成空隙层4。该空隙层4内的气体不能流动，由此阻止了热量通过热对流的方式由瓦体1传递至隔热片2。同时，由于隔热片2为双层夹胶Low-E玻璃，双层夹胶Low-E玻璃能够有效反射辐射热量，因此热量难以通过热辐射的方式透过隔热片2传递至屋内。由此瓦体1上的热量只会通过热传导的方式由间隔件3处传递至隔热片2。在此情况下， 由于间隔件3相比于整个层叠结构而言体积较小，能够传递的热量较少，由此由瓦体1传递至隔热片2的热能较少，瓦片的隔热性能较高，从而保证了房屋内部空间的舒适度。
在上述实施例中，间隔件3可以是沿瓦体1的内侧表面的周边形成于瓦体1与隔热片2之间的环形间隔件。也可以包括至少两条直线型间隔件，该至少两条直线型间隔件均匀布置于瓦体1与隔热片2之间。还可以为曲线型间隔件。又或者，可以是以上多种间隔件的组合。为了阻止水进入空隙层内，优选的，间隔件3是沿瓦体1的内侧表面的周边形成于瓦体1与隔热片2之间的环形间隔件，如图1中以粗线所示的条状间隔件3。这样，可通过间隔件阻碍水由空隙层的边沿一周进入该空隙层内。同时，环形间隔件的体积相比于整个层叠结构而言体积较小，可以有效地减小从瓦体1向隔热片2的热传导。
需要说明书的，如图1所示，双层夹胶Low-E玻璃是指两个层叠设置的Low-E玻璃21，该两个Low-E玻璃21之间通过第一胶层22固定。Low-E玻璃是低辐射玻璃，其可以在玻璃表面镀上多层金属或其他化合物组成的膜系产品。该玻璃的镀膜层具有对可见光高透过及对中远红外线高反射的特性，使其与普通玻璃及传统的建筑用镀膜玻璃相比，具有优异的隔热效果和良好的透光性。另外，需要说明的是，瓦体1的内侧是指当瓦片应用于房屋顶面上时，瓦片上的瓦体1朝向房屋内部的一侧，相应的，瓦体1的内侧表面是指当瓦片应用于房屋顶面上时，瓦片上的瓦体1朝向房屋内部的一侧表面。
在图1所示的实施例中，瓦体1可以为陶瓦体，也可以为琉璃瓦体，还可以光伏瓦体，在此不做具体限定。
在图1所示的实施例中，间隔件3的厚度可以为2mm、3mm、4mm等等，在此不做具体限定。但是，为了保证瓦片具有较优的隔热性能，同时为了避免瓦片的厚度较大而使瓦片过于厚重，优选的，间隔件3的厚度(也即是沿瓦片的厚度方向上的最大宽度)为9～16mm。当间隔件3的厚度在此范围内时，空隙层4的厚度较大，能够有效阻止热量通过热对流的方式由瓦体1传递至隔热片2，从而使瓦 片具有较优的隔热性能，同时，能够避免瓦片的厚度较大而使瓦片过于厚重。
在图1所示的实施例中，为了提高瓦片的防水性能，优选的，空隙层4内存置有干燥剂。这样，可通过干燥剂吸收进入空隙层4内的水，以提高瓦片的防水性能。
在图1所示的实施例中，瓦体1可以为平面状的瓦体，也可以为曲面状的瓦体，相应的，隔热片2可以为平面状的隔热片，也可以为与曲面状的瓦体相适应的曲面隔热片，在此不做具体限定。
在图1所示的实施例中，间隔件3可以为金属间隔件，也可以为非金属间隔件，在此不做具体限定。优选的，间隔件3为铝条，铝条的成型过程简单，成本较低。
在图1所示的实施例中，间隔件3可以通过胶粘固定于瓦体1和隔热片2之间，也可以通过卡接结构或螺纹连接结构固定于瓦体1和隔热片2之间，在此不做具体限定。但是，为了避免在瓦体1上开设用于安装螺纹连接结构或者卡接结构的安装孔而导致瓦片漏雨，优选的，间隔件3通过胶粘固定于瓦体1和隔热片2之间。这样，可以避免在瓦体1上开设安装孔而导致瓦片漏水。当间隔件3通过胶粘固定于瓦体1和隔热片2之间时，具体的，可以采用硅胶、强力胶带或密封胶等胶粘固定于瓦体1和隔热片2之间。但是，为了密封空隙层4，优选的，间隔件3采用密封胶胶粘固定于瓦体1和隔热片2之间。其中，密封胶可以为丁基胶。
为了有效利用太阳光，优选的，如图2所示，瓦体1可以包括透光盖板11和设置于该透光盖板11内侧的光伏电池层12。这样，形成可光伏瓦。当太阳能照射至该光伏瓦上时，光伏电池层12能够将一部分光能转换成电能以满足用户的能源需求，由此解决了当前能源短缺的问题。
其中，需要说明的是，透光盖板11的内侧是指当瓦片应用于房屋顶面上时，瓦片内的透光盖板11朝向房屋内部的一侧。
另外，透光盖板11可以为玻璃盖板，也可以为亚克力盖板，在此不做具体限定。优选的，透光盖板11为超白钢化玻璃盖板，超白 钢化玻璃的结构稳定性较好，且透光率较高，能够延长光伏瓦的使用寿命，同时提高光伏瓦的发电效率。
再者，光伏电池层12可以为刚性的光伏电池层，也可以为柔性的光伏电池层，在此不做具体限定。
进一步的，光伏电池层12可以通过胶粘固定于透光盖板11的内侧，也可以通过螺纹连接结构或者卡接结构连接于透光盖板11的内侧，在此不做具体限定。但是，为了避免在透光盖板11上开设用于安装螺纹连接结构或者卡接结构的安装孔而导致瓦片漏雨，优选的，光伏电池层12通过胶粘固定于透光盖板11的内侧，这样，可以避免在透光盖板11上开设安装孔而导致瓦片漏水。当光伏电池层12通过胶粘固定于透光盖板11的内侧时，具体的，可以采用点状胶、线型胶、或者一整层胶层胶粘并固定于透光盖板11的内侧。为了提高透光盖板11与光伏电池层12之间的连接稳定性，优选的，光伏电池层12可以通过一整层第二胶层13胶粘固定于透光盖板11的内侧。进一步的，为了密封透光盖板11与光伏电池层12之间的间隙，优选的，该第二胶层13可以为密封胶，具体的，该密封胶可以为乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、热塑性树脂或者聚烯烃材料等等，在此不做具体限定。
在图2所示的实施例中，当透光盖板11为曲面状时，优选的，光伏电池层12为柔性的光伏电池层。柔性的光伏电池层能够自由弯曲以适应透光盖板11的内侧表面的弧度，由此便于光伏电池层12在透光盖板11的内侧表面上的贴设操作。其中，可选的，柔性的光伏电池层可以为薄膜太阳能电池，薄膜太阳能电池为常用的柔性光伏电池，因此容易实现。
为了封装光伏电池层12，优选的，如图2所示，瓦体1还包括背板14，该背板14覆盖并固定于光伏电池层12背离透光盖板11的一侧表面上。换言之，如图2所示，光伏电池层12夹置在透光盖板11与背板14之间。这样，通过背板14封装了光伏电池层12，避免水或者粉尘与光伏电池层12直接接触而影响光伏电池层12的寿命。
在上述实施例中，需要说明的是，背板14覆盖并固定于光伏电池层12背离透光盖板11的一侧表面上是指：背板14覆盖并固定于 光伏电池层12远离透光盖板11的一侧表面的全部区域上，且背板14的弯曲度与光伏电池层12远离透光盖板11的一侧表面的弯曲度一致或近似一致。
另外，背板14可以通过胶粘方式固定于光伏电池层12背离透光盖板11的一侧表面上，也可以通过螺钉或卡接结构等连接件固定于光伏电池层12背离透光盖板11的一侧表面上，在此不做具体限定。当背板14通过胶粘方式固定于光伏电池层12远离透光盖板11的一侧表面上时，可选的，背板14可以通过点状胶、线型胶或者一整层胶层胶粘固定于光伏电池层12远离透光盖板11的一侧表面上，在此不做具体限定。在本实施例中，优选的，如图2所示，背板14通过一整层第三胶层15胶粘固定于光伏电池层12背离透光盖板11的一侧表面上。这样，背板14与光伏电池层12之间的连接强度较高，且胶层能够有效封堵背板14与光伏电池层12之间的空隙，防止杂质侵入该空隙而影响瓦片的发电效率和使用寿命。
再者，背板14可以为刚性背板，也可以为柔性背板，在此不做具体限定。但是，当透光盖板11为曲面状时，光伏电池层12为与透光盖板11的内侧表面相适应的曲面状的光伏电池层时，为了降低瓦片的制作难度，优选的，背板14为柔性背板。柔性背板能够弯曲以适应光伏电池层12背离透光盖板11的一侧表面的弧度，由此便于背板14与光伏电池层12之间的贴合固定。
在上述实施例中，柔性背板可以为铝塑背板，也可以为树脂背板，在此不做具体限定。优选的，柔性背板为铝塑背板，铝塑背板的耐候性和耐磨性较好，能够延长瓦片的使用寿命。
在图2所示的实施中，优选的，瓦体1还包括防水密封层16，该防水密封层16设置于透光盖板11与光伏电池层12之间，且该防水密封层16可透光。由此通过防水密封层16进一步密封了透光盖板11与光伏电池层12之间的间隙，防止杂质侵入而影响光伏瓦的使用寿命。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围 之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种瓦片，包括瓦体和隔热片，所述隔热片层叠设置于所述瓦体的内侧，所述瓦体与所述隔热片之间设有间隔件，所述瓦体与所述隔热片之间通过所述间隔件分隔形成空隙层，以及，所述隔热片为双层夹胶Low-E玻璃。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的瓦片，其中，所述间隔件是沿所述瓦体的内侧表面的周边形成于所述瓦体与所述隔热片之间的环形间隔件。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的瓦片，其中，所述瓦体包括透光盖板和设置于所述透光盖板内侧的光伏电池层。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的瓦片，其中，所述透光盖板为曲面状，所述光伏电池层为柔性的光伏电池层。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的瓦片，其中，所述瓦体还包括背板，所述背板覆盖并固定于所述光伏电池层背离所述透光盖板的一侧表面上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的瓦片，其中，所述光伏电池层为与所述透光盖板的内侧表面相适应的曲面状，所述背板为柔性背板。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的瓦片，其中，所述瓦体还包括防水密封层，所述防水密封层设置于所述透光盖板与所述光伏电池层之间，且所述防水密封层可透光。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的瓦片，其中，所述间隔件为铝条。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的瓦片，其中，所述间隔件的厚度为9～16mm。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的瓦片，其中，所述空隙层内存置有干燥剂。
  11. 根据权利要求3所述的瓦片，其中，所述透光盖板为超白钢化玻璃盖板。
PCT/CN2018/108632 2018-04-14 2018-09-29 瓦片 WO2019196357A1 (zh)

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