WO2019196325A1 - 高压微量调节泵及微量润滑系统 - Google Patents

高压微量调节泵及微量润滑系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019196325A1
WO2019196325A1 PCT/CN2018/104322 CN2018104322W WO2019196325A1 WO 2019196325 A1 WO2019196325 A1 WO 2019196325A1 CN 2018104322 W CN2018104322 W CN 2018104322W WO 2019196325 A1 WO2019196325 A1 WO 2019196325A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
micro
pressure
pump
control system
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PCT/CN2018/104322
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
熊伟强
姚永权
张世德
Original Assignee
东莞安默琳机械制造技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2019196325A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019196325A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
    • B23Q11/1038—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work using cutting liquids with special characteristics, e.g. flow rate, quality
    • B23Q11/1046—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work using cutting liquids with special characteristics, e.g. flow rate, quality using a minimal quantity of lubricant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
    • B23Q11/1084—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work specially adapted for being fitted to different kinds of machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/20—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by changing the driving speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/02—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical
    • F04B9/04—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms
    • F04B9/042—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms the means being cams
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a micro-lubrication system for a machining center tool, in particular to a high-pressure micro-regulation pump with simple structure, small volume, high control precision and low maintenance cost.
  • High-speed cutting is a high-performance process technology that has been widely used in aviation, mold, automotive and other industries.
  • the ability of cutting fluid to penetrate into the processing zone is the key to measure lubrication cooling.
  • the high-speed rotation of the machine tool spindle produces huge centrifugal force and high-speed flow field.
  • Most of the cutting fluid is difficult to enter under the traditional pouring cooling mode.
  • the conventional cooling lubrication system cannot be effective because the processing temperature is higher than the general material temperature. The temperature is lowered, resulting in a problem of rapid tool life reduction and poor workpiece quality.
  • MQL Minimum Quantity Lubricant
  • MQL Minimum Quantity Lubricant
  • the part is effectively lubricated.
  • MQL can greatly reduce the friction between “tool-workpiece” and “tool-chip”, which can suppress temperature rise, reduce tool wear, prevent sticking and improve the quality of workpiece processing.
  • the lubricating fluid used is rare, but the effect is small. It is very remarkable, which not only improves the work efficiency, but also does not pollute the environment.
  • the amount of lubricating fluid used in the MQL method is very small, and the MQL technology is used properly, the processed tools, workpieces and chips are dry, avoiding the later processing, and the clean and clean chips can be recycled after being compressed. It does not pollute the environment, so it is also called quasi-dry cutting.
  • the supercritical carbon dioxide micro-lubrication system used in machining center tools, the supercritical carbon dioxide micro-lubrication system will work under the conditions of small flow and high pressure (10MPa ⁇ 3Mpa) because of the process requirements.
  • an additional high pressure micro-regulation pump is required. Due to the special requirements, there is no suitable mature product in the market that can be diverted. Most of the similar products are not large in size and low in control precision, which means that the system is too complicated or too costly. Therefore, it is necessary to newly develop a new type of high-pressure micro-regulating pump to meet its special requirements.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high-pressure micro-regulation pump which is simple in structure, small in volume, high in control precision, and low in maintenance cost.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a micro-lubrication system having a high-pressure micro-regulation pump which is simple in structure, small in volume, high in control precision, and low in maintenance cost.
  • the present invention provides a high-pressure micro-regulation pump suitable for a micro-lubrication system, including a fuel pump main body and a stepping motor, the fuel pump main body having a liquid supply cam and an oil quantity adjusting mechanism, The liquid supply cam rotates, the cutting oil is pumped out, and the oil quantity adjusting mechanism controls the amount of the pump oil.
  • the stepping motor is connected to the liquid supply cam, and the speed of the stepping motor is controlled.
  • the rotation speed of the liquid supply cam is controlled to control the number of times the fuel pump body pumps oil in a unit time.
  • the fuel pump body specifically has a high pressure liquid output port
  • the high pressure micro adjustment pump further includes a high pressure nozzle, and the high pressure liquid output port is connected to the high pressure nozzle.
  • the high-pressure micro-regulating pump further includes a speed reducer, and the speed reducer is disposed between the stepping motor and the liquid supply cam.
  • the high-pressure micro-regulating pump further includes a coupling that connects the output shaft of the reducer and the liquid supply cam.
  • the present invention also provides a micro-lubrication system comprising a high pressure micro-regulation pump as described above.
  • the micro-lubrication system further includes a PLC control system, and the PLC control system is connected to the stepping motor and the oil quantity adjusting mechanism to control the number of times of pumping oil per unit time and each pumping oil The amount.
  • the micro-lubrication system further includes a motor driver, the motor driver is disposed between the PLC control system and the stepping motor, and the PLC control system controls the stepping by the motor driver Motor.
  • the micro-lubrication system further includes a power supply system coupled to the PLC control system and the motor driver for supplying electrical energy to the PLC control system and the motor driver.
  • the micro-lubrication system further includes a gas booster and an oil and gas mixer, the gas booster is disposed between a liquid carbon dioxide watering device and the oil and gas mixer, and the gas booster is also Electrically connecting the PLC control system, the PLC control system controlling the gas booster to deliver the carbon dioxide constant pressure quantitatively to the oil and gas mixer, the high pressure micro-regulation pump pumping through a high pressure nozzle
  • the cutting oil is sprayed into the oil and gas mixer, and the cutting oil and the carbon dioxide are mixed to form an oil mist, and the oil mist is delivered from the oil and gas mixer to at least one of the cutting machine tools Inside the spindle channel.
  • the PLC control system is connected to an electronic control system of the cutting machine tool, and adjusts the number of times of the pump oil per unit time of the high-pressure micro-adjustment pump according to the information of the cutting tool fed back by the electronic control system.
  • the amount of secondary pump oil is adjusted.
  • the high-pressure micro-regulating pump of the invention uses the fuel pump main body, and the fuel pump process is mature, so it is highly reliable and belongs to high-precision parts.
  • the pump interior is all alloy metal structure, and the solvent liquid is transported. There is also no failure at all, and it is durable and has a very low failure rate.
  • the fuel pump has a simple structure, a small volume, convenient disassembly, and low maintenance cost.
  • the high-pressure micro-adjustment pump includes an oil quantity adjusting mechanism and a liquid supply cam connected to the stepping motor, the stepping motor controls the number of times of pumping oil per unit time, and the oil quantity adjusting mechanism controls the amount of oil per pump, That is to control the oil quantity adjustment mechanism and the stepping motor to realize the fine adjustment of the cutting oil by the high-pressure micro-adjustment pump, the control is flexible, the control precision is high, and the problem that the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide is mixed and the dosage is accurately adjusted is solved. Suitable for internal cooling tools, but also for external cooling tools.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the high pressure micro-regulation pump of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a side view of the high pressure micro-regulation pump of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the micro-lubrication system of the present invention, wherein the high-pressure micropump is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 2 .
  • the micro-lubrication system 1 of the present invention has a high-pressure micro-regulation pump 10 which is simple in structure, small in volume, high in control precision, and low in maintenance cost.
  • the high-pressure micro-regulation pump 10 is applied to the micro-lubrication system 1, and includes a fuel pump main body 11, a stepping motor 12, a speed reducer 13, a coupling 14, and a high-pressure nozzle 15.
  • the fuel pump main body 11 includes a liquid inlet port 112, a high pressure liquid output port 114, a liquid supply cam 116 and an oil quantity adjusting mechanism 118.
  • the high pressure liquid output port 114 is connected to the high pressure nozzle 15 or connected to the high pressure nozzle 15 through a pipeline. .
  • the liquid supply cam 116 rotates, and the cutting oil entering from the liquid inlet port 112 is pressurized and pumped from the high pressure liquid output port 114, and then sent to the high pressure nozzle 15 connected to the high pressure liquid output port 114, and the pumping oil pressure is pumped out. Up to 30mpa.
  • the fuel pump main body 11 used in this embodiment is a high pressure fuel pump of a single cylinder small diesel engine.
  • the speed reducer 13 is disposed between the stepping motor 12 and the coupling 14, and the coupling 14 is disposed between the speed reducer 13 and the liquid supply cam 116 to connect the output shaft of the speed reducer 13 and the liquid supply cam 116.
  • the reducer 13 is a separate component consisting of a gear transmission, a worm drive, and a gear-worm drive enclosed in a rigid housing, and is often used as a reduction transmission between the prime mover and the work machine, in the prime mover and the work machine or
  • the role of matching speed and torque transmission between actuators is widely used in modern machinery.
  • the stepping motor 12 is connected to the liquid supply cam 116 through the speed reducer 13 and the coupling 14 to control the rotation speed of the liquid supply cam 116 by controlling the rotation speed of the stepping motor 12, thereby controlling the fuel pump body 11 to pump oil per unit time.
  • the number of times, the additional oil amount adjusting mechanism 118 is provided on the fuel pump main body 11, which can control the amount of oil per pump, that is, by controlling the number and amount of pumping oil per unit time to achieve precise fine adjustment.
  • the present invention also provides a micro-lubrication system 1 including the above-mentioned high-pressure micro-regulation pump 10, and further includes a PLC control system 20, a motor driver 30, a power supply system 40, and a gas booster 50.
  • the PLC control system 20 is connected to the stepping motor 12 and the oil amount adjusting mechanism 118.
  • the motor driver 30 is disposed between the PLC control system 20 and the stepping motor 12, and the PLC control system 20 controls the stepping motor 12 through the motor driver 30.
  • Motor driver 30 is an actuator that converts electrical pulses into angular displacement.
  • the motor driver 30 When the motor driver 30 receives a pulse signal, it drives the stepper motor 12 to rotate a fixed angle (referred to as "step angle") in a set direction, and its rotation is performed step by step at a fixed angle.
  • the angular displacement can be controlled by controlling the number of pulses to achieve the purpose of accurate positioning.
  • the speed and acceleration of the motor rotation can be controlled by controlling the pulse frequency, thereby achieving the purpose of speed regulation and positioning.
  • the oil amount adjusting mechanism 118 has a pumping amount adjusting lever 1181 by which the amount of pumping oil is adjusted each time. As described above, the PLC control system 20 controls the number of pumping oil per unit time and the amount of oil per pump by controlling the stepping motor 12 and the oil amount adjusting mechanism 118.
  • the power system 40 is coupled to the PLC control system 20 and the motor driver 30 for providing electrical energy to the PLC control system 20 and the motor driver 30.
  • the gas booster 50 is disposed between a liquid carbon dioxide water 60 and an oil and gas mixer 70.
  • the gas booster 50 is also electrically connected to the PLC control system 20, and the PLC control system 20 controls the gas booster 50 to quantify the carbon dioxide pressure.
  • the oil is supplied to the oil and gas mixer 70, and the high pressure micro-regulation pump 10 sprays the pumped cutting oil into the oil and gas mixer 70 through the high pressure nozzle 15, and the oil and gas mixer 70 mixes the cutting oil and the carbon dioxide to form an oil mist.
  • the mixer 70 is delivered through an output nozzle 80 to at least one spindle passage of the cutting machine.
  • the PLC control system 20 is further connected to an electronic control system of the cutting machine tool, and adjusts the number of times of pumping oil per unit time of the high-pressure micro-regulation pump 10 and the amount of each pump oil according to the information of the cutting tool fed back by the electronic control system. .
  • the PLC control system 20 adjusts the supply amount of the oil mist, and controls the rotation speed of the stepping motor 12 and adjusts the pumping amount adjustment rod 1181 of the oil amount adjusting mechanism 118, thereby controlling The number of pumping oil per unit time and the amount of oil pumped each time, and the PLC control system 20 controls the amount of carbon dioxide delivered by the gas booster 50, thereby accurately controlling the amount and proportion of cutting oil and carbon dioxide.
  • the pressurized cutting oil leaves the high pressure nozzle 15, high-speed oil mist particles are formed, and the pressurized carbon dioxide is mixed to form an oil mist, and the mixed oil mist is finally sent from the oil-gas mixer 70 to the cutting machine through the output nozzle 80. At least one spindle channel is then sent to the cutting zone.
  • the high-pressure micro-regulation pump 10 of the present invention uses the fuel pump main body 11, and the fuel pump process is mature, so it is highly reliable and belongs to high-precision parts.
  • the pump interior is all alloy metal structure, and the solvent type
  • the liquid delivery also has no failure at all, and it is durable and has a very low failure rate.
  • the fuel pump has a simple structure, a small volume, convenient disassembly, and low maintenance cost.
  • the high-pressure micro-regulating pump 10 includes an oil amount adjusting mechanism 118 and a liquid supply cam 116 connected to the stepping motor 12, the stepping motor 12 controls the number of times of pumping oil per unit time, and the oil amount adjusting mechanism 118 controls the oil pumping each time.
  • the quantity that is, the control oil quantity adjusting mechanism 118 and the stepping motor 12 realizes the fine adjustment of the cutting oil by the high-pressure micro-adjustment pump 10, the control is flexible, the control precision is high, and the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide is solved for the multiple liquid mixing and the dosage is accurate.
  • the problem of adjustment is especially suitable for internal cooling tools as well as external cooling tools.
  • the high-pressure micro-regulating pump of the invention uses the fuel pump main body, and the fuel pump process is mature, so it is highly reliable, and belongs to high-precision parts.
  • the inside of the pump is all alloy metal structure, and the solvent liquid is transported without failure. It is durable and has a very low failure rate.
  • the fuel pump has a simple structure, a small volume, convenient disassembly, and low maintenance cost.
  • the high-pressure micro-adjustment pump includes an oil quantity adjusting mechanism and a liquid supply cam connected to the stepping motor, the stepping motor controls the number of times of pumping oil per unit time, and the oil quantity adjusting mechanism controls the amount of oil per pump, That is to control the oil quantity adjustment mechanism and the stepping motor to realize the fine adjustment of the cutting oil by the high-pressure micro-adjustment pump, the control is flexible, the control precision is high, and the problem that the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide is mixed and the dosage is accurately adjusted is solved. Suitable for internal cooling tools, but also for external cooling tools.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种高压微量调节泵（10），适用于微量润滑系统（1），包括燃油泵主体（11）以及步进电机（12），燃油泵主体（11）具有一供液凸轮（116）及一油量调节机构（118），供液凸轮转动（116），切削油被加压后泵出，油量调节机构（118）控制每次泵油的量，步进电机（12）与供液凸轮（116）相连，通过控制步进电机（12）的转速控制供液凸轮（116）的转速，从而控制燃油泵主体（11）单位时间内泵油的次数。

Description

高压微量调节泵及微量润滑系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种机械加工中心刀具微量润滑系统，尤其涉及一种结构简单、体积小、控制精度高、维修成本低的高压微量调节泵。
 背景技术
高速切削是一种已经广泛应用于航空、模具、汽车等行业的高性能工艺技术。切削液渗透到加工区能力的强弱，是衡量润滑冷却的关键，在传统加工过程中，机床主轴的高速回转产生巨大的离心力、高速流场，传统浇注冷却方式下大部分的切削液难以进入切削区域，难以对加工区域实现有效的冷却；尤其是在加工钛合金、高温合金、航空复合材料等难加工材料时，由于加工时温度比一般材料温度更高，所以传统的冷却润滑系统无法有效的对其进行降温，从而导致刀具寿命快速降低，工件质量不好等问题。
MQL（Minimum Quantity Lubricant, 微量润滑）技术是将压缩气体与极微量润滑液混合汽化后，将其输送到加工中心的主轴通道中再到刀具，然后喷射到加工区，对刀具和工件之间的加工部位进行有效的润滑。MQL可以大大减少“刀具-工件”和“刀具-切屑”之间的摩擦，起到抑制温升、降低刀具磨损、防止粘连和提高工件加工质量的作用，使用的润滑液很少，而效果却十分显著，既提高了工效，又不会对环境造成污染。MQL法所使用的润滑液用量非常少，而且MQL技术只要使用得当，加工后的刀具、工件和切屑都是干燥的，避免了后期的处理，清洁和干净的切屑经过压缩还可以回收使用，完全不污染环境，故又称之为准干式切削。
 技术问题
目前，加工中心刀具使用的超临界二氧化碳微量润滑系统中，因为工艺要求，超临界二氧化碳微量润滑系统会工作在小流量而高压力（10MPa±3Mpa）的条件下。在这样的要求下想要混入其他液体，如切削液，则需要一种额外的高压微量调节泵。由于要求特殊，纵观市场并无合适的成熟产品可以挪用。大多数同类产品要不是体积大、控制精度低，就是系统过于复杂或成本过高，因此必需新开发一种新型的高压微量调节泵来适应其特殊要求。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的在于提供一种结构简单、体积小、控制精度高、维修成本低的高压微量调节泵。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种微量润滑系统，该微量润滑系统具有一种结构简单、体积小、控制精度高、维修成本低的高压微量调节泵。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供的一种高压微量调节泵，适用于微量润滑系统，包括燃油泵主体以及步进电机，所述燃油泵主体具有一供液凸轮及一油量调节机构，所述供液凸轮转动，切削油被加压后泵出，所述油量调节机构控制每次泵油的量，所述步进电机与所述供液凸轮相连，通过控制所述步进电机的转速控制所述供液凸轮的转速，从而控制所述燃油泵主体单位时间内泵油的次数。
具体地，所述燃油泵主体具体具有一高压液输出口，所述高压微量调节泵还包括一高压喷嘴，所述高压液输出口与所述高压喷嘴相连。
具体地，所述高压微量调节泵还包括一减速机，所述减速机设于所述步进电机及所述供液凸轮之间。
进一步地，所述高压微量调节泵还包括一连轴器，所述连轴器连接所述减速机的输出轴及所述供液凸轮。
本发明还提供一种微量润滑系统，包括如上所述的高压微量调节泵。
具体地，所述微量润滑系统还包括一PLC控制系统，所述PLC控制系统与所述步进电机及所述油量调节机构相连，用以控制单位时间内泵油的次数及每次泵油的量。
较佳地，所述微量润滑系统还包括一电机驱动器，所述电机驱动器设于所述PLC控制系统及所述步进电机之间，所述PLC控制系统通过所述电机驱动器控制所述步进电机。
具体地，所述微量润滑系统还包括一电源系统，所述电源系统与所述PLC控制系统及所述电机驱动器相连，用以向所述PLC控制系统及所述电机驱动器提供电能。
具体地，所述微量润滑系统还包括一气增压器以及一油气混合器，所述气增压器设于一液态二氧化碳灌及所述油气混合器之间，所述气增压器还与所述PLC控制系统电气连接，所述PLC控制系统控制所述气增压器将所述二氧化碳定压定量的输送至所述油气混合器中，所述高压微量调节泵通过一高压喷嘴将泵出的所述切削油喷至所述油气混合器中，于所述油气混合器，所述切削油及所述二氧化碳混合形成油雾，所述油雾自所述油气混合器输送至切削机床的至少一主轴通道内。
较佳地，所述PLC控制系统与切削机床的一电控系统相连，并根据所述电控系统反馈的切削刀具的信息调整所述所述高压微量调节泵单位时间内泵油的次数及每次泵油的量。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明的高压微量调节泵使用的是燃油泵主体，燃油泵工艺成熟，所以高度可靠，且属于高精密部件，泵内部全为合金类金属结构，对溶剂类液体输送也完全不会发生失效情况，经久耐用、故障率极低。另，燃油泵的结构简单、体积小、拆卸方便，维修费用低廉。最后，高压微量调节泵包括油量调节机构及与步进电机连接的供液凸轮，所述步进电机控制单位时间内泵油的次数，所述油量调节机构控制每次泵油的量，即通过控制油量调节机构及步进电机实现高压微量调节泵对切削油的微量精调，控制灵活、控制精度高，解决了高压超临界二氧化碳进行多重液体混合且用量精确可调的问题，特别适合于内冷刀具，也能用于外冷刀具。
 附图说明
图1是本发明高压微量调节泵的立体图；
图2是本发明高压微量调节泵的侧面图；
图3是本发明微量润滑系统的示意图，其中，高压微量泵为沿图2中B-B线的剖视图。
 本发明的实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、构造特征、所实现的效果，以下结合实施方式并配合附图详予说明。
本发明微量润滑系统1具有一种结构简单、体积小、控制精度高、维修成本低的高压微量调节泵10。
如图1~3所示，高压微量调节泵10适用于微量润滑系统1，包括一燃油泵主体11、一步进电机12、一减速机13、一连轴器14以及一高压喷嘴15。燃油泵主体11包括一进液口112、一高压液输出口114、一供液凸轮116及一油量调节机构118，高压液输出口114与高压喷嘴15相连或通过管路与高压喷嘴15相连。供液凸轮116转动，自进液口112进入的切削油被加压后从高压液输出口114泵出，然后输送至与高压液输出口114相连的高压喷嘴15，被泵出的切削油压力可达30mpa。本实施例使用的燃油泵主体11为单缸小型柴油机的高压燃油泵。减速机13设于步进电机12及连轴器14之间，连轴器14设于减速机13及供液凸轮116之间，以连接减速机13的输出轴及供液凸轮116。减速机13是一种由封闭在刚性壳体内的齿轮传动、蜗杆传动、齿轮-蜗杆传动所组成的独立部件，常用作原动件与工作机之间的减速传动装置，在原动机和工作机或执行机构之间起匹配转速和传递转矩的作用，在现代机械中应用极为广泛。具体地，步进电机12通过减速机13及连轴器14与供液凸轮116相连，通过控制步进电机12的转速控制供液凸轮116的转速，从而控制燃油泵主体11单位时间内泵油的次数，另油量调节机构118设于燃油泵主体11上，其可控制每次泵油的量，即通过控制单位时间内泵油的次数及量以实现精确微调。
继续参阅图1~3，本发明还提供一种微量润滑系统1，包括如上的高压微量调节泵10，还包括一PLC控制系统20、一电机驱动器30、一电源系统40、一气增压器50、一液态二氧化碳灌60、一油气混合器70以及一输出喷嘴80。PLC控制系统20与步进电机12及油量调节机构118相连，详细地，电机驱动器30设于PLC控制系统20及步进电机12之间，PLC控制系统20通过电机驱动器30控制步进电机12。电机驱动器30是一种将电脉冲转化为角位移的执行机构。当电机驱动器30接收到一个脉冲信号，它就驱动步进电机12按设定的方向转动一个固定的角度(称为“步距角”)，它的旋转是以固定的角度一步一步运行的。可以通过控制脉冲个数来控制角位移量，从而达到准确定位的目的；同时可以通过控制脉冲频率来控制电机转动的速度和加速度，从而达到调速和定位的目的。油量调节机构118具有一泵送量调节杆1181，通过该泵送量调节杆1181调节每次泵油的量。如上所述，PLC控制系统20通过控制步进电机12及油量调节机构118来控制单位时间内泵油的次数及每次泵油的量。
电源系统40与PLC控制系统20及电机驱动器30相连，用以向PLC控制系统20及电机驱动器30提供电能。气增压器50设于一液态二氧化碳灌60及油气混合器70之间，气增压器50还与PLC控制系统20电气连接，PLC控制系统20控制气增压器50将二氧化碳定压定量的输送至油气混合器70中，高压微量调节泵10通过高压喷嘴15将泵出的切削油喷至油气混合器70中，于油气混合器70，切削油及二氧化碳混合形成油雾，油雾自油气混合器70通过输出喷嘴80输送至切削机床的至少一主轴通道内。较佳地，PLC控制系统20还与切削机床的一电控系统相连，并根据电控系统反馈的切削刀具的信息调整高压微量调节泵10单位时间内泵油的次数及每次泵油的量。
综上，根据电控系统反馈的切削刀具的信息，PLC控制系统20调整油雾的供给量，并控制步进电机12的转速及调节油量调节机构118的泵送量调节杆1181，从而控制单位时间内泵油的次数及每次泵油的量，同时PLC控制系统20控制气增压器50输送二氧化碳的量，从而可精确控制切削油、二氧化碳的量及比例。增压后的切削油离开高压喷嘴15后形成高速的油雾粒子，与增压后的二氧化碳进行混合形成油雾，混合后的油雾最终自油气混合器70通过输出喷嘴80输送至切削机床的至少一主轴通道内，然后送到切削加工区。
与现有技术相比，本发明的高压微量调节泵10使用的是燃油泵主体11，燃油泵工艺成熟，所以高度可靠，且属于高精密部件，泵内部全为合金类金属结构，对溶剂类液体输送也完全不会发生失效情况，经久耐用、故障率极低。另，燃油泵的结构简单、体积小、拆卸方便，维修费用低廉。最后，高压微量调节泵10包括油量调节机构118及与步进电机12连接的供液凸轮116，步进电机12控制单位时间内泵油的次数，油量调节机构118控制每次泵油的量，即通过控制油量调节机构118及步进电机12实现高压微量调节泵10对切削油的微量精调，控制灵活、控制精度高，解决了高压超临界二氧化碳进行多重液体混合且用量精确可调的问题，特别适合于内冷刀具，也能用于外冷刀具。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明的较佳实例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，因此依本发明申请专利范围所作的等同变化，仍属于本发明所涵盖的范围。
 工业实用性
本发明的高压微量调节泵使用的是燃油泵主体，燃油泵工艺成熟，所以高度可靠，且属于高精密部件，泵内部全为合金类金属结构，对溶剂类液体输送也完全不会发生失效情况，经久耐用、故障率极低。另，燃油泵的结构简单、体积小、拆卸方便，维修费用低廉。最后，高压微量调节泵包括油量调节机构及与步进电机连接的供液凸轮，所述步进电机控制单位时间内泵油的次数，所述油量调节机构控制每次泵油的量，即通过控制油量调节机构及步进电机实现高压微量调节泵对切削油的微量精调，控制灵活、控制精度高，解决了高压超临界二氧化碳进行多重液体混合且用量精确可调的问题，特别适合于内冷刀具，也能用于外冷刀具。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高压微量调节泵，适用于微量润滑系统，包括：
    燃油泵主体，所述燃油泵主体具有一供液凸轮及一油量调节机构，所述供液凸轮转动，切削油被加压后泵出，所述油量调节机构控制每次泵油的量；以及
    步进电机，所述步进电机与所述供液凸轮相连，通过控制所述步进电机的转速控制所述供液凸轮的转速，从而控制所述燃油泵主体单位时间内泵油的次数。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的高压微量调节泵，其特征在于：所述燃油泵主体具体具有一高压液输出口，所述高压微量调节泵还包括一高压喷嘴，所述高压液输出口与所述高压喷嘴相连。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的高压微量调节泵，其特征在于：所述高压微量调节泵还包括一减速机，所述减速机设于所述步进电机及所述供液凸轮之间。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的高压微量调节泵，其特征在于：所述高压微量调节泵还包括一连轴器，所述连轴器连接所述减速机的输出轴及所述供液凸轮。
  5. 一种微量润滑系统，包括如权利要求1~4任一项所述的高压微量调节泵。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的微量润滑系统，其特征在于：所述微量润滑系统还包括一PLC控制系统，所述PLC控制系统与所述步进电机及所述油量调节机构相连，用以控制单位时间内泵油的次数及每次泵油的量。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的微量润滑系统，其特征在于：所述微量润滑系统还包括一电机驱动器，所述电机驱动器设于所述PLC控制系统及所述步进电机之间，所述PLC控制系统通过所述电机驱动器控制所述步进电机。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的微量润滑系统，其特征在于：所述微量润滑系统还包括一电源系统，所述电源系统与所述PLC控制系统及所述电机驱动器相连，用以向所述PLC控制系统及所述电机驱动器提供电能。
  9. 如权利要求6所述微量润滑系统，其特征在于：所述微量润滑系统还包括一气增压器以及一油气混合器，所述气增压器设于一液态二氧化碳灌及所述油气混合器之间，所述气增压器还与所述PLC控制系统电气连接，所述PLC控制系统控制所述气增压器将所述二氧化碳定压定量的输送至所述油气混合器中，所述高压微量调节泵通过一高压喷嘴将泵出的所述切削油喷至所述油气混合器中，于所述油气混合器，所述切削油及所述二氧化碳混合形成油雾，所述油雾自所述油气混合器输送至切削机床的至少一主轴通道内。
  10. 如权利要求6所述的微量润滑系统，其特征在于：所述PLC控制系统与切削机床的一电控系统相连，并根据所述电控系统反馈的切削刀具的信息调整所述所述高压微量调节泵单位时间内泵油的次数及每次泵油的量。
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