WO2019196307A1 - 一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦 - Google Patents

一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019196307A1
WO2019196307A1 PCT/CN2018/102344 CN2018102344W WO2019196307A1 WO 2019196307 A1 WO2019196307 A1 WO 2019196307A1 CN 2018102344 W CN2018102344 W CN 2018102344W WO 2019196307 A1 WO2019196307 A1 WO 2019196307A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar power
tile
area
occlusion
installation
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PCT/CN2018/102344
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱彦君
孙书龙
田金虎
Original Assignee
广东汉能薄膜太阳能有限公司
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Publication of WO2019196307A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019196307A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
    • H02S20/25—Roof tile elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
    • H02S30/10—Frame structures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of solar power tiles, and more particularly to a lap-mounted solar power tile.
  • Solar energy technology has been widely used in the civilian field, including BIPV building integration, rooftop power stations, agricultural greenhouses, etc.
  • solar power tiles are newly proposed emerging products that can generate electricity and have the functions of building materials.
  • the solar power tile on the market is mainly made of flexible thin film cells, has a curved tile structure, and its packaging structure is double glass or single glass structure.
  • the single glass curved tile has great market potential due to its light weight, high mechanical strength, good hydrophobicity and the like, and is widely used in roof building materials.
  • the curved tile of the related art is shown in Figure 13-15, and has the following problems during installation and use.
  • the hook On the hole 9, since the position of the glass mounting hole 9 can only be set in the mounting area 6, the hook cannot be placed in the area of the whole tile at the position where the maximum load is carried, and at the same time, a part of the screw 2 passes through the mounting hole after the punching is installed.
  • the convex surface of the light-receiving surface affects the degree of overlap between the upper and lower tiles, and the opening of the mounting hole on the glass causes the available area to be reduced to some extent.
  • the package structure of the single glass curved tile is a full-area package. Except for the power generation area 8 being packaged, the mounting area 6 without generating electricity often uses material packaging, resulting in waste of packaging materials.
  • the photovoltaic tiles of such glass substrates are mainly connected by hardware 10 and a card slot (not shown), and the use of the hardware 10 increases the cost of the installation materials and consumes man-hours. Equipment and site, increase production and use costs, the additional installed hardware parts have a short service life, affecting the service life of the overall power generation tile.
  • the curved tile in the related art mainly prevents the rainwater from being poured through the waterproof rubber strip 13 (shown in FIG. 14) installed on the light receiving surface.
  • the tile is difficult to operate during installation, and the rainwater is reversed in practical applications. The ability is poor, and the waterproof rubber strip is difficult to make the upper and lower glass sheets fit tightly.
  • the present disclosure provides a solar power generation tile with low packaging cost, low installation cost, flexible installation, strong rainwater repelling capability and long service life.
  • a lap-mounted solar power tile is provided, the light-receiving surface of the solar power tile being divided into a power generation area, a package area, and a mounting occlusion area, the power generation area being located inside the package area, The outer edge of one or more sides of the package area is the mounting occlusion area.
  • the present disclosure only encapsulates a region having a power generation function.
  • the installation of the shielding area is not packaged, the waste of the packaging material is avoided, and the packaging cost is reduced; the number of the shielding area can be set according to the connection mode of the solar power generation tile; the adjacent solar power generation tiles can be connected by lap or fastening.
  • the shape of the solar power generating tile is a bilaterally symmetrical structure, the direct overlapping lap joint is used to connect.
  • the curved edges of the left and right ends of the shape of the solar power generating tile are complementary structures, such as when the concave side is convex, the fastening is connected by a fastening method;
  • the shape of the solar power tiles adjacent to each other should be consistent, and connected by direct overlapping laps to reduce installation time and reduce installation difficulty.
  • the mounting occlusion region includes a top occlusion region and a side occlusion region, and a top portion of the side occlusion region is in communication with a lower end of the top occlusion region.
  • the top occlusion area is used for connecting the upper part of the solar power generation tile with the adjacent solar power generation tile
  • the side occlusion area is used for connecting the left and right sides of the solar power generation tile with the adjacent solar power generation tile
  • the top occlusion area and the side occlusion area are solar energy.
  • the power generation tile is integrally formed when the power generation area is packaged, so that the top shielding area and the side shielding area are connected to each other to form an installation shielding area.
  • the number of the side occlusion regions is one, and the side occlusion regions are disposed on a side of the package region away from the power generation region.
  • the side occlusion area is set to one, and the side occlusion area is disposed in the package area.
  • the side away from the power generation area is to make full use of the light receiving surface of the solar power tile to increase the area of the power generation area.
  • the number of the side occlusion regions is two, and the two side occlusion regions are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the package region.
  • the number of the side occlusion zones is two, and the adjacent solar power generation tiles connected thereto need not be provided with the side occlusion regions.
  • the top occlusion region and the side occlusion region have a width of at least 10 cm.
  • the width of the top occlusion area increases the overlap width.
  • the height difference between the upper and lower tile edges is increased, that is, the vertical distance between the upper edge of the lower tile and the lower edge of the upper tile is increased, and the waterproof step is raised.
  • the width of the side occlusion area greatly improves the stability of the connection between adjacent tiles.
  • the left and right sides of the solar power tile may be connected to adjacent solar power tiles by means of overlapping or fastening.
  • the connection mode of adjacent solar power tiles is adjusted, and the adjacent solar power tiles can be connected by lap joint or buckle connection, thereby eliminating the connection of hardware card slot, saving installation material cost and saving Working hours, equipment and venues.
  • the shape of the solar power generating tile is a bilaterally symmetrical structure, the direct overlapping lap joint is used; when the curved edges of the left and right ends of the shape of the solar power generating tile are complementary structures, such as when the concave side is convex, the fastening is connected by a fastening method.
  • the upper and lower ends of the solar power tile may be connected to adjacent solar power tiles by overlapping means.
  • the shape of the solar power tiles adjacent to each other should be consistent, and connected by direct overlapping laps.
  • the upper and lower solar power tiles are tightly fitted, reducing the difficulty of operation, reducing installation time and reducing installation difficulty.
  • the backlight surface of the solar power tile is provided with a plurality of hooks for mounting and fixing. It is not necessary to use the traditional card slot for connection, which saves installation cost; the hook for installation is set on the backlight surface of the solar power tile, and the installation position of the backlight surface of the solar power tile can be adjusted according to actual needs, thereby achieving the effect of flexible installation.
  • the hook is fixedly disposed at a peak position of the backlight surface of the solar power tile by an adhesive material.
  • the hook is placed at the peak position of the backlight surface to ensure that the solar power tile fits tightly against the roof rafter and improves the stability of the installation.
  • Conventional solar power tiles generally fix the hooks on the mounting holes by screws.
  • the position of the mounting holes is generally located at the top edge of the solar power tile, so that the power generating tiles cover the mounting holes when stacked up and down, so the mounting holes
  • the overlapping area is installed on the top, so that the whole tile can only be designed with the overlapping area at the top, so that the design area of the force point is limited due to the limited position of the mounting hole; and the present disclosure uses the bonding material to fix the hook.
  • the installation position can be restricted to the installation hole, and the entire solar power tile backlight surface area can be installed, and the maximum load installation position can be designed; since the conventional screw fixing method is caused by the screw passing through the installation hole on the light receiving surface, the influence is affected.
  • the lap joint degree between the upper and lower tiles, and the use of the adhesive mounting hook in the utility model does not have the problem of affecting the lap joint degree, and can also avoid the installation area of the curved glass to cause the available area to decrease.
  • the bonding material is a silicone or a strong tape. Silicone and strong tapes have good adhesion, ensuring that the hooks are firmly bonded to the back surface of the solar power tile, and such bonding materials are common bonding materials and are low in cost.
  • the number of hooks is two or four. When the number of hooks is set to 2, it is installed in the upper part of the backlight surface of the solar power tile; when the number of hooks is set to 4, it is symmetrically installed on the back surface of the solar power tile, 4 maximum load bearing points, and Calculate the maximum load carrying capacity according to different roof inclination angles to ensure the most stable installation of the stressed structure.
  • the solar power tile is a curved power tile.
  • the adjacent power generation tiles are connected by a lap or a snap connection, which can save packaging materials and installation materials, and when the upper and lower adjacent power generation tiles are overlapped, Can enhance the waterproof effect.
  • the present disclosure provides a solar power generation tile with a novel package structure, which does not use a packaging material for packaging in an occlusion region, and is packaged according to the actual connection mode to ensure the package area is effective. Use, reduce packaging costs;
  • the solar power tiles provided by the present disclosure can be connected by overlapping overlapping or fastening.
  • overlapping laps are used, when the shape of the solar power tile is
  • the connection is made by fastening, and the connection is not required by the traditional installation of the overlapping card slot, the consumption of the installation material is reduced, the installation cost is saved, and the quick installation is realized;
  • the installation is flexible, and the available area is not reduced.
  • the present disclosure is fixedly connected to the roof purlin by hooks, and the hooks are connected with the solar power tile by the bonding material, and the hooks can be adjusted according to different sizes of solar power tiles.
  • the position is installed in the backlight surface area of the entire power generation tile, and the installation area is not required to be opened on the curved glass, so that the available area is reduced, and the screw is not mounted on the mounting hole by the screw, so that the screw emerges from the light receiving surface through the mounting hole. Affect the lap joint fit between the upper and lower tiles;
  • the rainwater repelling ability is strong.
  • the width of the installation occlusion area set by the present disclosure is large, so that the overlapping area of the adjacent solar power generation tiles is large, effectively preventing the rainwater from being poured, and saving the use of the waterproof rubber strip and improving the rainwater recharge. ability;
  • the present disclosure is connected by overlapping overlapping or fastening, without using the overlapping card slot, and avoiding the aging of the auxiliary components affecting the overall service life.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a lap-mounted solar power generating tile according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of a lap-mounted solar power tile according to the present disclosure
  • Figure 3 is a rear view 1 of a lap-mounted solar power tile of the present disclosure
  • Figure 4 is a rear view 2 of a lap-mounted solar power tile of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a lap joint structure of a solar-powered tile of a lap-mounted installation
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a spliced installation of a solar power tile with a left and right watts fastening structure
  • Embodiment 7 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of a lap-mounted solar power generating tile according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a mounting manner of a lap-mounted solar power generating tile according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • Embodiment 9 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of a lap-mounted solar power generating tile according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a mounting manner of a lap-mounted solar power tile according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure
  • Embodiment 11 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of a lap-mounted solar power generating tile according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the installation manner of Embodiment 3 of a lap-mounted solar power generating tile according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a left-right overlapping manner of a solar power tile in the prior art
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing a mounting manner of a hook of a solar power tile in the prior art
  • 15 is a schematic structural view of a solar power tile in the prior art.
  • a lap-mounted solar power generation tile As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a lap-mounted solar power generation tile, the light-receiving surface of the solar power generation tile is divided into a power generation area 1, a package area 2, and a mounting occlusion area 3, the power generation area 1 is located inside the package area 2, and the outer side edge of one or more sides of the package area 2 is the installation occlusion area 3.
  • the mounting area 3 includes a top mounting area 31 and a side mounting area 32, the top of the side occlusion area 32 communicating with the lower end of the top occlusion and area 31, the top occlusion area 31 and the side occlusion area 32 is integrally formed when the solar power generation tile is packaged in the power generation region 1, so that the top shielding region 31 and the side shielding region 32 communicate with each other to form the installation shielding region 3.
  • the number of the side occlusion regions 32 is one
  • the side occlusion regions 32 are disposed on a side of the package region 2 away from the power generation region 1, and the number of the side occlusion regions 32 is two.
  • Two side occlusion areas 32 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the package area 2, and the widths of the mounting area 31 and the side mounting area 32 are at least 10 cm, and the backlight surface of the solar power tile is provided for installation.
  • the fixed hook 4 is fixedly disposed on the peak 5 of the backlight surface of the solar power tile by an adhesive material, which is a silica gel or a strong adhesive tape.
  • the upper and lower ends of the solar power generation tile may be connected to adjacent solar power generation tiles by lap joint; as shown in FIG. 5, when the shape of the solar power generation tile is a bilateral symmetrical structure, the solar energy
  • the left and right sides of the power generation tile may be connected to adjacent solar power generation tiles by lap joint; as shown in FIG.
  • the left and right ends of the solar power generation tile are complementary structures, such as a concave side convex structure
  • the The left and right sides of the solar power tile can be connected to adjacent solar power tiles by means of fastening.
  • the structure of the present disclosure can simplify the installation manner of the solar power tile, reduce the installation time, reduce the installation difficulty, and save the installation cost.
  • the solar power tile in the present disclosure is a solar curved power tile.
  • the lap joint method of the present disclosure is also applicable to a solar planar power generation tile, which will not be described in detail herein.
  • a lap-mounted solar power generation tile of the embodiment is a curved power generation tile, and the solar power generation tile is divided into a power generation area 1, a package area 2, and a mounting occlusion area.
  • the solar power tile is arranged to be connected in a right lap joint manner and spread to the right side, that is, the solar power tile on the left side is the basis of the lap joint structure, and the left side of the solar power tile adjacent to the right side is The side occlusion area 32 on the right side of the solar power tile on the left side is received, so that the gradual overlap is spread to the right side.
  • the power generation area 1 is located inside the package area 2, the top part of the package area 2 is provided with a top occlusion area 31 and the right side is provided with a side occlusion area 32, the lower end of the top occlusion area 31 and the side occlusion area 32
  • the top phase communicates to form a mounting occlusion area 3, the top occlusion area 31 and the right side occlusion area 32 each have a width of 10 cm, and the backlight surface of the solar power tile is provided with a hook 4, and the hook 4 is disposed at the solar energy The peak 5 position of the backlight surface of the power generation tile.
  • the hook 4 is fixed by an adhesive material, which is a silica gel, and the number of the hooks 4 is four.
  • FIG. 9 shows a lap-mounted solar power tile of the present embodiment, the solar power tile being a curved power tile, which is divided into a power generation area 1, a package area 2, and a mounting occlusion area 3.
  • Figure 10 shows the left lap mode connection of the solar power tile shown in Figure 9.
  • the solar power tile on the right is the basis of the lap joint structure, and the right side of the adjacent solar power tile is connected to the side occlusion area 32 on the left side of the right solar power tile, and so on. Lay in turn and spread to the left.
  • the power generation area 1 is located inside the package area 2, the top of the package area 2 is provided with a top occlusion area 31 and the left side is provided with a side occlusion area 32, the lower end of the top occlusion area 31 and the side occlusion area 32
  • the top phase communicates to form a mounting occlusion region 3, the top occlusion region 31 and the side occlusion region 32 each having a width of 11 cm, and the hook 4 is disposed at a peak 5 position of the backlight face of the solar power tile.
  • the hooks 4 are fixed by an adhesive material, which is a strong tape, and the number of the hooks 4 is four.
  • a lap-mounted solar power generation tile of the embodiment is a curved power generation tile, and the solar power generation tile is divided into a power generation area 1, a package area 2, and an installation.
  • the occlusion area 3 as shown in FIG.
  • the solar power generation tile is arranged to be connected by the left and right sides, that is, the left and right sides of the middle solar power generation tile are symmetrically disposed with the side occlusion area 32, and the right side of the left solar power generation tile
  • the side occlusion area 32 on the left side of the solar power tile in the middle is overlapped, and the left side of the solar power tile on the right side overlaps the side occlusion area 32 on the right side of the solar power tile in the middle, and the left and right side solar power tiles are all-area packaged. .
  • the power generation area 1 of the intermediate solar power generation tile is located inside the package area 2, the top of the package area 2 is provided with a top occlusion area 31, and the left side and the right side are both provided with a side occlusion area 32, the top occlusion area
  • the lower end of the two ends of the 31 and the top of the side occlusion areas of the left and right sides are connected to each other to form a mounting occlusion area 3, and the top occlusion area 31 and the side occlusion area 32 are both 12 cm wide; the left side solar power tile and
  • the power generation area 1 of the solar power generation tile on the right side is located inside the package area 2 and is a full-area package.
  • the top cover area 31 is provided on the top of the package area 2, and the width is 12 cm.
  • the backlight surface of the solar power generation tile is provided.
  • a hook 4 is disposed at a peak 5 position of the backlight surface of the solar power tile.
  • the hooks 4 are fixed by an adhesive material, which is a silica gel.
  • the number of the hooks 4 is two, and the hooks 4 are mounted on the light-shielding surface half.

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Abstract

一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦，所述太阳能发电瓦的受光面分为发电区域、封装区域和安装遮挡区域，所述发电区域位于封装区域内侧，所述封装区域的一侧或多侧的外侧边缘为所述安装遮挡区域；所述太阳能发电瓦的背光面设置有设置为安装的挂钩；所述太阳能发电瓦左右两侧可采用搭接或扣接方式与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接，所述太阳能发电瓦上下两端可采用搭接方式与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接。本公开提供了一种封装成本低，节约安装成本，安装灵活，避免降低可利用面积，防雨水倒灌能力强，使用寿命长的搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦。 (图1)

Description

一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦 技术领域
本公开涉及太阳能发电瓦领域，具体为一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦。
背景技术
由于传统能源具有高污染、储量逐渐枯竭等问题，人们越来越重视新能源的发展，并且在新能源发展上取得了一定的成果。太阳能技术已经在民用领域得到了广泛应用，包括BIPV建筑一体化、屋顶电站、农业大棚等，其中太阳能发电瓦是最近提出的可发电并兼具建材功能的新兴产品。目前市场上的太阳能发电瓦主要选用柔性薄膜电池片制作而成，具有曲面瓦结构，并且其封装结构为双玻或单玻结构。其中单玻曲面瓦由于具有质轻、机械强度高、疏水性好等与传统屋瓦接近的特点，具有很大的市场潜力，广泛应用于屋顶建材。
相关技术的曲面瓦如图13-15所示，在安装和使用过程中存在以下几方面问题。第一，如图14和15所示，曲面瓦11的安装需要通过挂钩14将曲面瓦安装在屋顶檩条上，而挂钩14通过螺钉12和垫片(未示出)固定在固定位置的玻璃安装孔9上，由于玻璃安装孔9的位置只能设置在安装区6内，导致挂钩不能在整块瓦的区域内设置在承载最大载荷的位置，同时打孔安装后一部分螺钉2会通过安装孔在受光面凸出，影响上下瓦片之间的搭接吻合度，另外在玻璃上开安装孔一定程度上造成可利用面积减小。第二，目前单玻曲面瓦的封装结构为全区域封装，除发电区域8被封装外，没有发电作用的安装区域6往往也使用材料封装，造成封装材料的浪费。第三，如图13所示，这类玻璃基底的发电瓦之间主要依靠五金件10和卡槽(未示出)搭接安装，五金件10的使用增加了安装材料成本，且消耗工时、设备和场地，增加生产和使用成本，额外安装的五金件部分使用寿命短，影响整体发电瓦的使用寿命。第四，相关技术中的曲面瓦主要是通过安装在受光面的防水胶条13(如图14所示)防止雨水倒灌，这种瓦片在安装时作业难度高，在实际应用中防雨水倒灌能力差，且防水胶条很难使上下两片玻璃贴合严实。
综上所述，提供一种封装成本低，节约安装成本，安装灵活，防雨水倒灌能力强，使用寿命长的太阳能发电瓦为目前迫切需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种封装成本低，节约安装成本，安装灵活，防雨水倒灌能力强，使用寿命长的太阳能发电瓦。
根据本公开的一方面，提供了一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦，所述太阳能发电瓦的受光面分为发电区域、封装区域和安装遮挡区域，所述发电区域位于封装区域内侧，所述封装区域的一侧或多侧的外侧边缘为所述安装遮挡区域。本公开仅对具有发电功能区域进行封装。
安装遮挡区域不进行封装，避免了封装材料的浪费，降低封装成本；可根据太阳能发电 瓦的连接方式设置安装遮挡区域的数量；左右相邻的太阳能发电瓦可使用搭接或扣接方式连接，当太阳能发电瓦的形状为两边对称结构时，采用直接重叠搭接方式连接，当太阳能发电瓦的形状左右两端的曲边为互补结构时，如一边凹一边凸的情况，采用扣接方式连接；上下相邻的太阳能发电瓦形状应一致，并采用直接重叠搭接方式连接，减少安装时间，降低安装难度。
在一实施例中，所述安装遮挡区域包括顶部遮挡区域和侧部遮挡区域，所述侧部遮挡区域的顶部与所述顶部遮挡区域的下端相连通。顶部遮挡区域用于太阳能发电瓦上部与相邻的太阳能发电瓦连接，侧部遮挡区域用于太阳能发电瓦左右两侧与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接，所述顶部遮挡区域和侧部遮挡区域为太阳能发电瓦对发电区域进行封装时一体成型，故顶部遮挡区域和侧部遮挡区域之间相连通形成安装遮挡区域。
在一实施例中，所述侧部遮挡区域的个数为1个，所述侧部遮挡区域设置在所述封装区域远离发电区域的一侧。当太阳能发电瓦以左侧或右侧单边搭接方式与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接，则所述侧部遮挡区域设置个数为1个，将所述侧部遮挡区域设置在所述封装区域远离发电区域的一侧是为了充分利用太阳能发电瓦的受光面以增大发电区域面积。
在一实施例中，所述侧部遮挡区域的个数为2个，2个所述侧部遮挡区域对称设置在所述封装区域的两侧。当太阳能发电瓦以左右两侧搭接方式与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接，则所述侧部遮挡区域设置个数为2个，与其连接的相邻太阳能发电瓦则无需设置侧部遮挡区域。
在一实施例中，所述顶部遮挡区域和侧部遮挡区域的宽度至少为10cm。顶部遮挡区域的宽度较大增加了重叠宽度，对于同等倾角的屋顶，增大了上下瓦片边缘的高度差，即下瓦的上边缘与上瓦的下边缘垂直距离增加，提升了防水台阶从而提升雨水倒灌能力，并可节省防水胶条，节省材料成本；侧部遮挡区域的宽度较大提高了相邻瓦片之间连接的稳定性。
在一实施例中，所述太阳能发电瓦左右两侧可采用搭接或扣接方式与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接。根据安装遮挡区域的数量调整相邻太阳能发电瓦的连接方式，左右相邻的太阳能发电瓦可使用搭接或扣接方式连接，省去了五金件卡接槽的连接，节约安装材料成本，节省工时、设备和场地。当太阳能发电瓦的形状为两边对称结构时，采用直接重叠搭接方式连接；当太阳能发电瓦的形状左右两端的曲边为互补结构时，如一边凹一边凸的情况，采用扣接方式连接。
在一实施例中，所述太阳能发电瓦上下两端可采用搭接方式与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接。上下相邻的太阳能发电瓦形状应一致，并采用直接重叠搭接方式连接，上下两片太阳能发电瓦贴合严实，降低作业难度，减少安装时间，降低安装难度。
在一实施例中，所述太阳能发电瓦的背光面设置有用于安装固定的多个挂钩。无需采用传统的卡槽进行连接，节约安装成本；用于安装的挂钩设置在太阳能发电瓦的背光面，可根据实际需要调整其在太阳能发电瓦的背光面的安装位置，达到灵活安装的效果。
在一实施例中，所述挂钩通过粘接材料固定设置在所述太阳能发电瓦背光面的波峰位置。挂钩设置在背光面的波峰位置可保证太阳能发电瓦紧密贴合屋顶的檩条，提高安装的稳定性。传统太阳能发电瓦一般通过螺丝将挂钩固定在安装孔上，由于防水性能及外观需求， 安装孔的位置一般位于太阳能发电瓦的顶部边缘，以便发电瓦上下重叠安装时遮挡住安装孔，所以安装孔一般设计在顶部安装重叠区域，导致整片瓦只能在顶部安装重叠区域设计受力点，使受力点设计区域因安装孔的位置受限而受限；而本公开采用粘接材料固定挂钩可使其安装位置不受限于安装孔，整个太阳能发电瓦背光面区域均可安装，能设计出最大载荷安装位置；由于传统的螺丝固定方式会因螺丝通过安装孔在受光面冒出，影响上下瓦片之间的搭接吻合度，而本实用新采用粘接安装挂钩则不存在影响搭接吻合度的问题，且还可以避免曲面玻璃上开设安装孔导致可利用面积下降。
在一实施例中，所述粘接材料为硅胶或强力胶带。硅胶和强力胶带具有良好的胶粘力，保证挂钩稳固粘接在太阳能发电瓦的背光面，并且此类粘接材料为常见粘接材料，成本低。
在一实施例中，所述挂钩数量为2个或4个。当挂钩数量设置为2个时，安装在太阳能发电瓦背光面的上半部分；当挂钩数量设置为4个时，分别对称安装在太阳能发电瓦背光面4个最大承载负荷受力点，并且可根据不同的屋顶倾角计算最大承载负荷的受力点，保证最稳定的安装受力结构。
在一实施例中，所述太阳能发电瓦为曲面发电瓦。在太阳能发电瓦为曲面太阳能发电瓦时，左右相邻的发电瓦之间采用搭接或扣接的方式连接，能够节省封装材料和安装材料，上下相邻的发电瓦之间采用搭接时，能够增强防水效果。
本公开具有如下的有益效果：
第一、封装成本低，本公开提供一种新型封装结构的太阳能发电瓦，对安装遮挡区域不使用封装材料进行封装，并根据实际采用的连接方式设置封装区域进行封装，保证封装区域面积的有效利用，降低封装成本；
第二、节约安装成本，本公开提供的太阳能发电瓦可使用重叠搭接或扣接的方式连接，当太阳能发电瓦的形状为两边对称结构时，采用重叠搭接，当太阳能发电瓦的形状左右两端为互补结构时，如一边凹一边凸的情况，则采用扣接的方式连接，无需采用传统安装搭接卡槽的方式进行连接，减少安装材料的消耗，节约安装成本，实现快速安装；
第三、安装灵活，避免降低可利用面积，本公开通过挂钩与屋顶檩条固定连接，而挂钩通过粘接材料与太阳能发电瓦遮光面连接即可，可根据不同尺寸的太阳能发电瓦调整挂钩的连接位置，在整个发电瓦的背光面区域安装，且无需在曲面玻璃上开安装孔造成可利用面积下降，也不会因为挂钩通过螺丝安装在安装孔上导致螺丝通过安装孔从受光面冒出，影响上下瓦片之间的搭接吻合度；
第四，防雨水倒灌能力强，本公开设置的安装遮挡区域宽度较大，使相邻太阳能发电瓦重叠面积较大，有效防止雨水倒灌，并且可节省防水胶条的使用，提升放雨水倒灌的能力；
第五、使用寿命长，本公开通过重叠搭接或扣接方式连接，无需使用搭接卡槽，避免辅助部件老化影响整体的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1为本公开一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦结构示意图；
图2为本公开一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦侧视图；
图3为本公开一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦后视图1；
图4为本公开一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦后视图2；
图5为本公开一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦左右瓦搭接结构示意图；
图6为本公开一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦左右瓦扣接结构示意图；
图7为本公开一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦实施例1结构示意图；
图8为本公开一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦实施例1安装方式示意图；
图9为本公开一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦实施例2结构示意图；
图10为本公开一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦实施例2安装方式示意图；
图11为本公开一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦实施例3结构示意图；
图12为本公开一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦实施例3安装方式示意图；
图13为现有技术中的太阳能发电瓦的一种左右搭接方式的示意图；
图14为现有技术中的太阳能发电瓦的挂钩的安装方式示意图；
图15为现有技术中的太阳能发电瓦的结构示意图。
如附图中所示：1、发电区域；2、封装区域；3、安装遮挡区域；31、顶部遮挡区域；32、侧部遮挡区域；4、挂钩；5、背光面的波峰。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本公开的技术方案，下面结合示例性实施例及附图对本公开进行说明。
如图1、图2和图3所示，一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦，所述太阳能发电瓦的受光面分为发电区域1、封装区域2和安装遮挡区域3，所述发电区域1位于封装区域2内部，所述封装区域2的一侧或多侧的外侧边缘为所述安装遮挡区域3。所述安装区域3包括顶部安装区域31和侧部安装区域32，所述侧部遮挡区域32的顶部与所述顶部遮挡与区域31的下端相连通，所述顶部遮挡区域31和侧部遮挡区域32为太阳能发电瓦对发电区域1进行封装时一体成型，故顶部遮挡区域31和侧部遮挡区域32之间相连通形成安装遮挡区域3。当所述侧部遮挡区域32的个数为1个时，所述侧部遮挡区域32设置在所述封装区域2远离发电区域1的一侧，当侧部遮挡区域32的个数为2个，2个侧部遮挡区域32对称设置在所述封装区域2的两侧，所述安装区域31和侧部安装区域32的宽度均至少为10cm，所述太阳能发电瓦的背光面设置有用于安装固定的挂钩4，所述挂钩4通过粘接材料固定设置在所述太阳能发电瓦背光面的波峰5位置，所述粘接材料为硅胶或强力胶带。如图2所示，所述太阳能发电瓦上下两端可采用搭接方式与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接；如图5所示，当所述太阳能发电瓦的形状为两边对称结构时，所述太阳能发电瓦左右两侧可采用搭接方式与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接；如图6所示，当所述太阳能发电瓦的左右两端为互补结构时，如一边凹一边凸的结构，则所述太阳能发电瓦左右两侧可采用扣接方式与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接。本公开的结构可简化太阳能发电瓦的安装方式，减少安装时间，降低安装难度，节省安装成本。优选 的，在本公开所述太阳能发电瓦为太阳能曲面发电瓦。但需要说明的是，本公开的搭接方式也适用于太阳能平面发电瓦，在此不做详细说明。
如图3所示，当设置在太阳能发电瓦遮光面的挂钩4数量为2个时，对称设置在背光面上半部分的波峰5上；如图4所示，当挂钩数量为4个时，则均匀设置在背光面的波峰上，其中2个设置在遮光面上半部分，另外2个设置在遮光面下半部分，并且可根据不同屋顶倾角计算最大承载力负荷的受力点，从而设置挂钩4的安装位置。
下面结合实施例做进一步说明：
实施例1
如图7所示，本实施例的一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦，所述太阳能发电瓦为曲面发电瓦，所述太阳能发电瓦分为发电区域1、封装区域2和安装遮挡区域3；如图8所示，所述太阳能发电瓦设置为右搭接方式连接，向右侧铺展，即以左边的太阳能发电瓦为搭接结构的基础，右边相邻的太阳能发电瓦的左侧搭接到左边太阳能发电瓦右侧的侧部遮挡区域32，如此类推依次搭接向右侧铺展。所述发电区域1位于封装区域2内部，所述封装区域2的顶部设置有顶部遮挡区域31且右侧设有侧部遮挡区域32，所述顶部遮挡区域31的下端和侧部遮挡区域32的顶部相连通形成安装遮挡区域3，所述顶部遮挡区域31和右侧部遮挡区域32的宽度均为10cm，所述太阳能发电瓦的背光面设置有挂钩4，所述挂钩4设置在所述太阳能发电瓦背光面的波峰5位置。所述挂钩4通过粘接材料固定，所述粘接材料为硅胶，所述挂钩4的个数为4个。
实施例2
图9示出了本实施例的一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦，所述太阳能发电瓦为曲面发电瓦，所述太阳能发电瓦分为发电区域1、封装区域2和安装遮挡区域3。图10示出了图9所示的太阳能发电瓦的左搭接方式连接。在向左侧铺展时，以右边的太阳能发电瓦为搭接结构的基础，左边相邻的太阳能发电瓦的右侧搭接到右边太阳能发电瓦左侧的侧部遮挡区域32，以此类推，依次搭接并向左侧铺展。所述发电区域1位于封装区域2内部，所述封装区域2的顶部设置有顶部遮挡区域31且左侧设置有侧部遮挡区域32，所述顶部遮挡区域31的下端和侧部遮挡区域32的顶部相连通形成安装遮挡区域3，所述顶部遮挡区域31和侧部遮挡区域32宽度均为11cm，所述挂钩4设置在所述太阳能发电瓦背光面的波峰5位置。所述挂钩4通过粘接材料固定，所述粘接材料为强力胶带，所述挂钩4的个数为4个。
实施例3
如图1和图11所示，本实施例的一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦，所述太阳能发电瓦为曲面发电瓦，所述太阳能发电瓦分为发电区域1、封装区域2和安装遮挡区域3；如图12所示，所述太阳能发电瓦设置为左右两边搭接方式连接，即中间的太阳能发电瓦的左右两侧均对称设置有侧部遮挡区域32，左边太阳能发电瓦的右边搭接在中间的太阳能发电瓦左侧的侧部遮挡区域32，右边太阳能发电瓦的左边搭接在中间的太阳能发电瓦右侧的侧部遮挡区域32，左右侧太阳能发电瓦均为全面积封装。所述中间的太阳能发电瓦的发电区域1位于封装区域2内部，所述封装区域2的顶部设置有顶部遮挡区域31，左侧和右侧均设置有侧部遮挡 区域32，所述顶部遮挡区域31两端的下端与左右两侧的侧部遮挡区域的顶部均相连通形成安装遮挡区域3，所述顶部遮挡区域31和侧部遮挡区域32宽度均为12cm；所述左侧的太阳能发电瓦和右侧的太阳能发电瓦的发电区域1均位于封装区域2内部，为全面积封装，所述封装区域2顶部均设置有顶部遮挡区域31，宽度为12cm，上述的太阳能发电瓦背光面均设置有挂钩4，所述挂钩4设置在所述太阳能发电瓦背光面的波峰5位置。所述挂钩4通过粘接材料固定，所述粘接材料为硅胶，所述挂钩4的个数为2个，所述挂钩4安装在遮光面上半部分。
以上所述，仅为本公开的较佳实施例而已，并非对本公开作任何形式上的限制；凡本行业的普通技术人员均可按说明书附图所示和以上所述而顺畅地实施本公开；但是，凡熟悉本专业的技术人员在不脱离本公开技术方案范围内，可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而作出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化，均为本公开的等效实施例；同时，凡依据本公开的实质技术对以上实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变等，均仍属于本公开的技术方案的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦，所述太阳能发电瓦的受光面分为发电区域(1)、封装区域(2)和安装遮挡区域(3)，其中，所述发电区域(1)位于封装区域(2)之内，所述安装遮挡区域(3)位于所述封装区域(2)之外，并且，所述安装遮挡区域(3)包括顶部遮挡区域，位于所述封装区域(2)的顶部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能发电瓦，其中：所述安装遮挡区域(3)还包括侧部遮挡区域(32)，所述侧部遮挡区域(32)的顶部与所述顶部遮挡区域(31)的下端相连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的太阳能发电瓦，其中，所述太阳能发电瓦左右两侧可采用搭接或扣接方式与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种搭接式安装的太阳能发电瓦，其中：所述太阳能发电瓦包括设置在所述封装区域(2)外的一侧的一个侧部遮挡区域(32)。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的太阳能发电瓦，其中：所述太阳能发电瓦包括设置在所述封装区域(2)外的两侧的两个侧部遮挡区域(32)。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的太阳能发电瓦，其中：所述太阳能发电瓦左右两侧的形状为对称结构，通过搭接方式与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接时，所述侧部遮挡区域(32)与相邻太阳能发电瓦重叠并被覆盖在下方。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的太阳能发电瓦，其中：所述太阳能发电瓦左右两侧的形状为互补结构，通过扣接方式与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接时，所述侧部遮挡区域(32)被相邻太阳能发电瓦扣在下方。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的太阳能发电瓦，其中，当仅包括顶部遮挡区域的太阳能发电瓦与包括顶部遮挡区域和两个侧部遮挡区域的太阳能发电瓦交替排列时，所述两个侧部遮挡区域与相邻太阳能发电瓦的至少部分重叠并被覆盖在下方。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的太阳能发电瓦，其中：所述太阳能发电瓦上下两端采用搭接方式与相邻太阳能发电瓦连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的太阳能发电瓦，其中：所述顶部遮挡区域和侧部遮挡区域的宽度均至少为10cm。
  11. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的太阳能发电瓦，其中：在所述太阳能发电瓦的背光面上设置有用于安装固定的至少一个挂钩(4)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的太阳能发电瓦，其中：所述挂钩(4)通过粘接材料固定设置在所述太阳能发电瓦背光面的波峰(5)位置。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的太阳能发电瓦，其中，所述波峰(5)位置为所述太阳能瓦片中的最大承载负荷的受力点。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的太阳能发电瓦，其中：所述挂钩(4)数量为2个或4个。
  15. 根据权利要求1至14任一项所述的太阳能发电瓦，其中：所述太阳能发电瓦为 曲面太阳能发电瓦。
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