WO2019196111A1 - 杂芳基酰胺类化合物的抗肿瘤多药耐药性、治疗癌症的用途和蛋白质-药物分子复合物 - Google Patents

杂芳基酰胺类化合物的抗肿瘤多药耐药性、治疗癌症的用途和蛋白质-药物分子复合物 Download PDF

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WO2019196111A1
WO2019196111A1 PCT/CN2018/083043 CN2018083043W WO2019196111A1 WO 2019196111 A1 WO2019196111 A1 WO 2019196111A1 CN 2018083043 W CN2018083043 W CN 2018083043W WO 2019196111 A1 WO2019196111 A1 WO 2019196111A1
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alkyl
group
piperidinyl
piperazinyl
substituted
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PCT/CN2018/083043
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French (fr)
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任瑞宝
吴敏
焦波
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上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院
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Priority to CN201880092312.6A priority Critical patent/CN111954532A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/083043 priority patent/WO2019196111A1/zh
Publication of WO2019196111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019196111A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/38Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/381Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom having five-membered rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/41641,3-Diazoles
    • A61K31/41881,3-Diazoles condensed with other heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. biotin, sorbinil
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/535Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
    • A61K31/53751,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
    • A61K31/53771,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D487/00Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/04Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to anti-tumor multidrug resistance of heteroarylamide compounds as novel microtubule inhibitors and for the treatment of cervical cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer cells, nephroblastoma, endometrial cancer , uterine sarcoma, human T lymphoma, and microtubule inhibitors in clinically treatable cancers such as cholangiocarcinoma, brain cancer, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer, colon cancer, kidney cancer, lymphoma, muscle cancer, nervous system cancer, Uses of cancers of pancreatic cancer, pleural cancer, skin cancer, thyroid cancer, urinary tract cancer, uterine cancer, and female vulvar cancer, and protein-drug molecular complexes.
  • microtubules Due to the important role of microtubules in cell mitosis, microtubules are considered to be one of the most important targets for anticancer drugs (1-3). Microtubule inhibitors have been widely used in the treatment of various tumors by binding to microtubules and further affecting the function of microtubules (4, 5). Microtubule inhibitors are classified into different classes according to their binding sites: paclitaxel binding site, vinca alkaloid binding site, and colchicine binding site. (6-8). Paclitaxel binding site inhibitors disrupt mitosis by enhancing microtubules and preventing microtubule depolymerization (9). The other two binding site inhibitors can depolymerize microtubules and block the cell cycle in mitosis (10-13). These inhibitors, particularly paclitaxel and vincristine, are widely used as cancer chemotherapy drugs. Unfortunately, more than half of cancer patients eventually develop multidrug resistance (MDR) for chemotherapy drugs (14, 15).
  • MDR multidrug resistance
  • ABC protein acts as a cell membrane transporter to reduce drug accumulation in cancer cells by pumping different compounds.
  • Key members of the ABC transporter family include MDR1/P-gP/ABCB1 (multidrug resistance gene 1, P-glycoprotein), MRPs/ABCCs (multidrug resistance-associated protein), BCRP/ABCG2 (breast cancer resistance protein) ) (19, 20). With the overexpression of these transfer pumps, the efflux of the drug increases, leading to drug resistance. MDR is an inevitable obstacle to the success of chemotherapy.
  • Microtubule inhibitors are widely used as chemotherapy drugs for the clinical treatment of cancer.
  • MDR multidrug resistance
  • the present invention provides a compound of the formula:
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method of treating a multi-drug resistant cancer comprising administering a compound as described above to a subject in need thereof.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a protein-drug molecule complex which is composed of ⁇ -tubulin, stathmin-like protein RB3 and tubulin tyrosine ligase complexed with the following compounds ( T2R-TTL) composition:
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a use of the above compound for the preparation of a medicament for treating cancer, wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of cervical cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer cells, nephroblastoma, endometrial cancer, and uterus Sarcoma, human T lymphoma, and microtubule inhibitors in clinically treatable cancers such as cholangiocarcinoma, brain cancer, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer, colon cancer, kidney cancer, lymphoma, muscle cancer, nervous system cancer, pancreatic cancer , pleural cancer, skin cancer, thyroid cancer, urinary tract cancer, uterine cancer, female vulvar cancer.
  • the cancer is selected from the group consisting of cervical cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer cells, nephroblastoma, endometrial cancer, and uterus Sarcoma, human T lymphoma, and microtubule inhibitors in clinically treatable cancers such as cholangiocarcinoma, brain cancer
  • It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method of treating cancer comprising administering a compound as described above to a subject in need thereof, wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of cervical cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer cells, nephroblastoma, and uterus Endometrial cancer, uterine sarcoma, human T lymphoma, and microtubule inhibitors are clinically treatable cancers such as cholangiocarcinoma, brain cancer, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer, colon cancer, kidney cancer, lymphoma, muscle cancer, nerve Systemic cancer, pancreatic cancer, pleural cancer, skin cancer, thyroid cancer, urinary tract cancer, uterine cancer, female vulvar cancer.
  • the cancer is selected from the group consisting of cervical cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer cells, nephroblastoma, and uterus Endometrial cancer, uterine sarcoma, human T lymphoma, and microtubule inhibitors are clinical
  • FIG. 1 Structure and in vitro pharmacological effects of lead compounds.
  • A Chemical structures of I-2 and I-28.
  • B Compound I-28 50 for the anti-proliferative IC 24 kinds of cancer cell lines: HeLa: human cervical carcinoma cells; A549: human lung cancer cells; HT-29: human colon cancer cell; NB4: human acute promyelocytic leukemia cells K562: human chronic myeloid leukemia cells; HL-60: human promyelocytic leukemia cells; A2780: human ovarian cancer cells; SK-NEP-1: human nephroblastoma cells; RL95-2: human endometrial cancer Cells; MCF-7: human breast cancer cells; MV-4-11: human acute lymphoid monocytic leukemia cells; KU812: human peripheral blood basophilic leukemia cells; SUP-B15: human Ph+ acute leukemia cells; SHI -1: human monocytic leukemia cells; RS4; 11: human acute
  • I-28 stops the cell cycle in the early and middle stages by inhibiting microtubule formation.
  • A Cell cycle analysis of PI labeling by flow cytometry after treatment with compound (DMSO or 200 nM I-28).
  • B Cell morphology of mitotic HeLa cells. (Cycle-red, tubulin-green, chromosome-blue)
  • C-E microtubules are degraded into spots, not centrosomes and MTOCs.
  • central body CEP192, central granule surrounding protein; MTOC: ⁇ -tubulin
  • F, G Compounds I-28 and vincristine inhibited tubulin polymerization in a dose-dependent manner.
  • Figure 3 Changes in intracellular and in vitro microtubules caused by tubulin inhibitors.
  • A Compounds I-28 (200 nM), vincristine (50 nM), and colchicine (250 nM) depolymerize microtubules in HeLa cells.
  • B-E The appearance of tubulin was monitored by TEM. 1 ⁇ m paclitaxel, 8 ⁇ m vincristine or 20 ⁇ m compound I-28.
  • FIG. 4 Crystal structure of a complex of I-15 and tubulin.
  • A Overall structure of the I-15-tubulin complex. RB3-SLD is green, TTL is yellow, ⁇ -tubulin is black, ⁇ -tubulin is gray, GTP is red, GDP is orange, and I-15 is cyan. GTP, GDP, and I-15 are shown as spherical.
  • B Chemical structure of the analog I-15 derived from the MP-HJ skeleton and its electron density. The color of the Fo-Fc omit map is gray, and the outline is drawn at 3 ⁇ .
  • C Interaction between I-15 and tubulin. I-15 is shown as a stick. Residues that interact with I-15 are shown as sticks and are labeled.
  • the hydrophobic center is indicated by a green translucent circle (small: center I; large: center II), and the center of the hydrogen bond is represented by a yellow translucent circle (center V).
  • D Comparison of I-15 and colchicine for microscopic protein binding modes, respectively. The complex structure of tubulin-I-15 (cyan) and tubulin-colchicine (PDB ID: 4O2B, yellow) was highlighted. I-15 and colchicine are shown as sticks.
  • FIG. 1 I-28 potency in vitro and in vivo for wild-type and MDR cell lines.
  • A MDR-related protein expression is increased in three drug-resistant cell lines.
  • B taxol, colchicine, and compound I-28 to the three pairs of cell lines (HeLaR: paclitaxel-resistant HeLa; A2780R: paclitaxel-resistant A2780; K562R: adriamycin-resistant of K562) of the IC 50.
  • C Compounds I-28 and colchicine inhibit tumor volume in HeLa xenograft models or HeLaR xenograft models.
  • D Body weight of each group of nude mice during treatment.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates that the key properties of Compound I-15 are consistent with Compounds I-28.
  • Figure 7 illustrates that different compounds prevent cell migration.
  • Figure 8 illustrates the formation of different compounds blocking cell colonies.
  • Figure 9 illustrates statistics for data collection and refinement. * The highest resolution is shown in parentheses.
  • Figure 10 illustrates the statistical data of Figure 5B.
  • the present invention has been achieved by the following technical solutions.
  • the invention provides a compound of the formula:
  • X 1 is selected from N, S;
  • X 2 is selected from N, S; and
  • X 1 is different from X 2 ;
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl;
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl;
  • R 3 is selected from:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each independently selected from:
  • heterocyclic ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, optionally a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkane Oxyl, hydroxy, amino, C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6 acyl, cyano, optionally substituted heterocyclic,
  • piperidinyl 4-N,N-dimethylaminopiperidinyl, 4-N,N-diethylaminopiperidinyl, 4-N,N-diisopropylaminopiperidine 4-hydroxypiperidinyl, 4-(4-methylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-ethylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-isopropylpiperazinyl Piperidinyl, 4-(4-acetylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-methanesulfonylpiperazinyl) Piperidinyl, 4-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-(2-cyanoethyl)piperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4- (3-hydroxypropyl)
  • a heteroaryl group such as, but not limited to, a pyridyl group, a furyl group, a thienyl group, a benzofuranyl group;
  • Z 2 and Z 3 may form an oxygen-containing substituted or unsubstituted five-membered or six-membered ring; the substituent may be selected from the same substituents as Z 1 ;
  • Z 4 and Z 5 may form a nitrogen-containing substituted or unsubstituted five-membered or six-membered ring; the substituent may be selected from the same substituents as Z 1 ;
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3 alkyl.
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, and ethyl.
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3 alkyl.
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, and ethyl.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a mineral or organic acid salt, wherein the mineral acid salt is a hydrochloride, a hydrobromide, a hydroiodide, a nitrate, a hydrogencarbonate. a salt and a carbonate, a sulfate or a phosphate, the organic acid salt being a formate, acetate, propionate, benzoate, maleate, fumarate, succinate, tartaric acid a salt, a citrate, an ascorbate, an alpha-ketoglutarate, an alpha-glycerophosphate, an alkylsulfonate or an arylsulfonate; preferably, the alkylsulfonate is methanesulfonic acid a salt or ethyl sulfonate; the aryl sulfonate being a besylate or p-toluenesulfonate.
  • the mineral acid salt is a hydrochloride,
  • the present invention provides a compound represented by the following formula I, a stereoisomer thereof, a prodrug thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof,
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl;
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl;
  • R 3 is selected from:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each independently selected from:
  • heterocyclic ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, optionally a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkane Oxyl, hydroxy, amino, C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6 acyl, cyano, optionally substituted heterocyclic,
  • piperidinyl 4-N,N-dimethylaminopiperidinyl, 4-N,N-diethylaminopiperidinyl, 4-N,N-diisopropylaminopiperidine 4-hydroxypiperidinyl, 4-(4-methylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-ethylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-isopropylpiperazinyl Piperidinyl, 4-(4-acetylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-methanesulfonylpiperazinyl) Piperidinyl, 4-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-(2-cyanoethyl)piperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4- (3-hydroxypropyl)
  • a heteroaryl group such as, but not limited to, a pyridyl group, a furyl group, a thienyl group, a benzofuranyl group;
  • Z 2 and Z 3 may form an oxygen-containing substituted or unsubstituted five-membered or six-membered ring; the substituent may be selected from the same substituents as Z 1 ;
  • Z 4 and Z 5 may form a nitrogen-containing substituted or unsubstituted five-membered or six-membered ring; the substituent may be selected from the same substituents as Z 1 ;
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3 alkyl.
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, and ethyl.
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3 alkyl.
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, and ethyl.
  • R 3 is selected from:
  • n 0, 1 or 2
  • one of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 is selected from the group consisting of -H: hydroxy, -O-C1-C6 alkyl, -O-C1-C6 Fluoroalkyl, -C1-C6 fluoroalkyl, -C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, amino, optionally -C1-C6 alkyl, -C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl or -C1-C6 alkylcarbonyl Substituted amino, aminosulfonyl, nitro, substituted phenyl-C1-C6 alkyl-aminocarbonyl-C1-C6 alkyl (more preferably phenyl-C1-C6 alkyl-aminocarbonyl-C1 substituted by halogen) -C6 alkyl), phenyl-O-C1-C6 alkyl substituted by C1-C
  • two of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are independently selected from the following, and the rest are -H (more preferably Z 2 , Z 3 each or Z 1 , Z 4 each or Z 2 , Z 4 is each independently selected from the group consisting of -H): -C1-C6 fluoroalkyl group, 6-membered heterocyclic group -C1-C6 alkyl group substituted by -C1-C6 alkyl group (more preferably -C1) -C6 alkyl-substituted piperazinyl-C1-C6 alkyl), -C1-C6 alkyl, substituted phenylcarbonyl-amino, -C1-C6 alkyl-O-carbonyl, -C1-C6 alkyl 5-membered heteroaryl (more preferably -C1-C6 alkyl substituted imidazolyl);
  • one of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 is selected from the group consisting of -H: pyridyl, furyl, thienyl, benzofuranyl;
  • one of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 is selected from the group consisting of the following -H:aminosulfonyl group.
  • R 3 is selected from:
  • n 0 or 1
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each -H
  • Z 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl group, -O-C1-C6 alkyl group, -O-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, a -C1-C6 fluoroalkyl group, a -C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl group, an amino group, an amino group optionally substituted by a -C1-C6 alkyl group, a -C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl group or a -C1-C6 alkylcarbonyl group, Aminosulfonyl, nitro;
  • Z 2 or Z 4 is selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, substituted phenyl-C1-C6 alkyl-aminocarbonyl-C1-C6 alkyl (more preferably substituted by halogen) Phenyl-C1-C6 alkyl-aminocarbonyl-C1-C6 alkyl) substituted by C1-C6 alkyl-O-, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl-S- or C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl phenyl-O-C1-C6 alkyl,
  • Z 2 and Z 3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, 6-membered heterocyclic group-C1-C6 alkyl group substituted by -C1-C6 alkyl group (more Preferred is piperazinyl-C1-C6 alkyl substituted by -C1-C6 alkyl);
  • Z 1 , Z 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 alkyl, substituted phenylcarbonyl-amino, -C1-C6 alkyl-O-carbonyl;
  • Z 2 and Z 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, -C1-C6 alkyl-substituted 5-membered heteroaryl group (more preferably -C1-C6 alkyl group). Substituted imidazolyl);
  • Z 1 or Z 5 is selected from the group consisting of -H: pyridin-4-yl, pyridin-3-yl, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, thiophen-2-yl, Thiophen-3-yl, benzofuranyl;
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each -H, and Z 3 is an aminosulfonyl group.
  • R 3 is selected from:
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a mineral or organic acid salt, wherein the mineral acid salt is a hydrochloride, a hydrobromide, a hydroiodide, a nitrate, a hydrogencarbonate. a salt and a carbonate, a sulfate or a phosphate, the organic acid salt being a formate, acetate, propionate, benzoate, maleate, fumarate, succinate, tartaric acid a salt, a citrate, an ascorbate, an alpha-ketoglutarate, an alpha-glycerophosphate, an alkylsulfonate or an arylsulfonate; preferably, the alkylsulfonate is methanesulfonic acid a salt or ethyl sulfonate; the aryl sulfonate being a besylate or p-toluenesulfonate.
  • the mineral acid salt is a hydrochloride,
  • the present invention provides a compound of the following formula II, a stereoisomer thereof, a prodrug thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof:
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl;
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl;
  • R 3 is selected from:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each independently selected from:
  • heterocyclic ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, optionally a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkane Oxyl, hydroxy, amino, C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6 acyl, cyano, optionally substituted heterocyclic,
  • piperidinyl 4-N,N-dimethylaminopiperidinyl, 4-N,N-diethylaminopiperidinyl, 4-N,N-diisopropylaminopiperidine 4-hydroxypiperidinyl, 4-(4-methylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-ethylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-isopropylpiperazinyl Piperidinyl, 4-(4-acetylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-methanesulfonylpiperazinyl) Piperidinyl, 4-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-(2-cyanoethyl)piperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4- (3-hydroxypropyl)
  • a heteroaryl group such as, but not limited to, a pyridyl group, a furyl group, a thienyl group, a benzofuranyl group;
  • Z 2 and Z 3 may form an oxygen-containing substituted or unsubstituted five-membered or six-membered ring; the substituent may be selected from the same substituents as Z 1 ;
  • Z 4 and Z 5 may form a nitrogen-containing substituted or unsubstituted five-membered or six-membered ring; the substituent may be selected from the same substituents as Z 1 ;
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3 alkyl.
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, and ethyl.
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3 alkyl.
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, and ethyl.
  • R 3 is selected from:
  • n 0 or 1
  • one of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 is selected from the group consisting of -H: hydroxy, -O-C1-C6 alkyl, -O-C1-C6 Fluoroalkyl, -C1-C6 fluoroalkyl;
  • two of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are independently selected from the group consisting of -H (more preferably Z 2 , Z 4 or Z 2 , and Z 3 are each independently selected from Hereinafter, the remainder is -H): -C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, -C1-C6 alkyl-substituted 5-membered heteroaryl group (more preferably -C1-C6 alkyl-substituted imidazolyl group), -C1-C6 An alkyl-substituted 6-membered heterocyclic-C1-C6 alkyl group (more preferably a piperazinyl-C1-C6 alkyl group substituted by a -C1-C6 alkyl group);
  • n 1
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 is a benzofuranyl group, and the rest is -H.
  • R 3 is selected from:
  • n 0 or 1
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each -H, and Z 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl group, -O-C1-C6 alkyl group, -O-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, -C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group;
  • Z 2 and Z 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, -C1-C6 alkyl-substituted 5-membered heteroaryl group (more preferably -C1-C6 alkyl group). Substituted imidazolyl);
  • Z 2 , Z 3 or Z 3 , Z 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, 6-membered heterocyclic group substituted by -C1-C6 alkyl group- a C1-C6 alkyl group (more preferably a piperazinyl-C1-C6 alkyl group substituted by a -C1-C6 alkyl group);
  • Z 1 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each -H, and Z 2 is a benzofuranyl group.
  • R 3 is selected from:
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a mineral or organic acid salt, wherein the mineral acid salt is a hydrochloride, a hydrobromide, a hydroiodide, a nitrate, a hydrogencarbonate. a salt and a carbonate, a sulfate or a phosphate, the organic acid salt being a formate, acetate, propionate, benzoate, maleate, fumarate, succinate, tartaric acid a salt, a citrate, an ascorbate, an alpha-ketoglutarate, an alpha-glycerophosphate, an alkylsulfonate or an arylsulfonate; preferably, the alkylsulfonate is methanesulfonic acid a salt or ethyl sulfonate; the aryl sulfonate being a besylate or p-toluenesulfonate.
  • the mineral acid salt is a hydrochloride,
  • the present invention provides a compound of the following formula or a stereoisomer of the above compound, a prodrug thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof, for use in the treatment of a multidrug Use in drugs for drug-resistant cancer:
  • X 1 is selected from N, S;
  • X 2 is selected from N, S; and
  • X 1 is different from X 2 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl; preferably R 1 is selected from H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl; more preferably R 1 is selected from H, methyl, ethyl;
  • R 2 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl; preferably R 2 is selected from H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl; more preferably R 2 is selected from H, methyl, ethyl;
  • R 3 is selected from:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each independently selected from:
  • heterocyclic ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, optionally a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkane Oxyl, hydroxy, amino, C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6 acyl, cyano, optionally substituted heterocyclic,
  • piperidinyl 4-N,N-dimethylaminopiperidinyl, 4-N,N-diethylaminopiperidinyl, 4-N,N-diisopropylaminopiperidine 4-hydroxypiperidinyl, 4-(4-methylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-ethylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-isopropylpiperazinyl Piperidinyl, 4-(4-acetylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-methanesulfonylpiperazinyl) Piperidinyl, 4-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-(2-cyanoethyl)piperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4- (3-hydroxypropyl)
  • a heteroaryl group such as, but not limited to, a pyridyl group, a furyl group, a thienyl group, a benzofuranyl group;
  • Z 2 and Z 3 may form an oxygen-containing substituted or unsubstituted five-membered or six-membered ring; the substituent may be selected from the same substituents as Z 1 ;
  • Z 4 and Z 5 may form a nitrogen-containing substituted or unsubstituted five-membered or six-membered ring; the substituent may be selected from the same substituents as Z 1 ;
  • the above compound is a microtubule inhibitor that binds to a colchicine site.
  • the multidrug resistant cancer is selected from the group consisting of a paclitaxel resistant cancer, a doxorubicin resistant cancer.
  • the multidrug resistant cancer is selected from the group consisting of paclitaxel resistant cervical cancer, paclitaxel resistant ovarian cancer, and doxorubicin resistant chronic myeloid leukemia.
  • the present invention provides a compound of the following formula I or a stereoisomer of the above compound, a prodrug thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof, for use in the treatment of a multidrug Use in drugs for drug-resistant cancer:
  • R 1 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl; preferably R 1 is selected from H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl; more preferably R 1 is selected from H, methyl, ethyl;
  • R 2 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl; preferably R 2 is selected from H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl; more preferably R 2 is selected from H, methyl, ethyl;
  • R 3 is selected from:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each independently selected from:
  • heterocyclic ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, optionally a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkane Oxyl, hydroxy, amino, C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6 acyl, cyano, optionally substituted heterocyclic,
  • piperidinyl 4-N,N-dimethylaminopiperidinyl, 4-N,N-diethylaminopiperidinyl, 4-N,N-diisopropylaminopiperidine 4-hydroxypiperidinyl, 4-(4-methylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-ethylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-isopropylpiperazinyl Piperidinyl, 4-(4-acetylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-methanesulfonylpiperazinyl) Piperidinyl, 4-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-(2-cyanoethyl)piperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4- (3-hydroxypropyl)
  • a heteroaryl group such as, but not limited to, a pyridyl group, a furyl group, a thienyl group, a benzofuranyl group;
  • Z 2 and Z 3 may form an oxygen-containing substituted or unsubstituted five-membered or six-membered ring; the substituent may be selected from the same substituents as Z 1 ;
  • Z 4 and Z 5 may form a nitrogen-containing substituted or unsubstituted five-membered or six-membered ring; the substituent may be selected from the same substituents as Z 1 ;
  • R 3 is preferably selected from:
  • n 0, 1 or 2
  • one of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 is selected from the group consisting of -H: hydroxy, -O-C1-C6 alkyl, -O-C1-C6 Fluoroalkyl, -C1-C6 fluoroalkyl, -C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, amino, optionally -C1-C6 alkyl, -C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl or -C1-C6 alkylcarbonyl Substituted amino, aminosulfonyl, nitro, substituted phenyl-C1-C6 alkyl-aminocarbonyl-C1-C6 alkyl (more preferably phenyl-C1-C6 alkyl-aminocarbonyl-C1 substituted by halogen) -C6 alkyl), phenyl-O-C1-C6 alkyl substituted by C1-C
  • two of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are independently selected from the following, and the rest are -H (more preferably Z 2 , Z 3 each or Z 1 , Z 4 each or Z 2 , Z 4 is each independently selected from the group consisting of -H): -C1-C6 fluoroalkyl group, 6-membered heterocyclic group -C1-C6 alkyl group substituted by -C1-C6 alkyl group (more preferably -C1) -C6 alkyl-substituted piperazinyl-C1-C6 alkyl), -C1-C6 alkyl, substituted phenylcarbonyl-amino, -C1-C6 alkyl-O-carbonyl, -C1-C6 alkyl 5-membered heteroaryl (more preferably -C1-C6 alkyl substituted imidazolyl);
  • one of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 is selected from the group consisting of -H: pyridyl, furyl, thienyl, benzofuranyl;
  • one of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 is selected from the group consisting of the following: -H:aminosulfonyl;
  • R 3 is more preferably selected from:
  • n 0 or 1
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each -H
  • Z 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl group, -O-C1-C6 alkyl group, -O-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, a -C1-C6 fluoroalkyl group, a -C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl group, an amino group, an amino group optionally substituted by a -C1-C6 alkyl group, a -C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl group or a -C1-C6 alkylcarbonyl group, Aminosulfonyl, nitro;
  • Z 2 or Z 4 is selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, substituted phenyl-C1-C6 alkyl-aminocarbonyl-C1-C6 alkyl (more preferably substituted by halogen) Phenyl-C1-C6 alkyl-aminocarbonyl-C1-C6 alkyl) substituted by C1-C6 alkyl-O-, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl-S- or C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl phenyl-O-C1-C6 alkyl,
  • Z 2 and Z 3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, 6-membered heterocyclic group-C1-C6 alkyl group substituted by -C1-C6 alkyl group (more Preferred is piperazinyl-C1-C6 alkyl substituted by -C1-C6 alkyl);
  • Z 1 , Z 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 alkyl, substituted phenylcarbonyl-amino, -C1-C6 alkyl-O-carbonyl;
  • Z 2 and Z 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, -C1-C6 alkyl-substituted 5-membered heteroaryl group (more preferably -C1-C6 alkyl group). Substituted imidazolyl);
  • Z 1 or Z 5 is selected from the group consisting of -H: pyridin-4-yl, pyridin-3-yl, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, thiophen-2-yl, Thiophen-3-yl, benzofuranyl;
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each -H, and Z 3 is an aminosulfonyl group; R 3 is most preferably selected from the group consisting of:
  • the compound of formula I, R 3 is preferably selected from:
  • n 0, 1 or 2
  • one of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 is selected from the group consisting of -H:-O-C1-C6 alkyl, -O-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkane a -C1-C6 fluoroalkyl group, an amino group optionally substituted by -C1-C6 alkyl, a nitro group, a C1-C6 alkyl-O-substituted phenyl-O-C1-C6 alkyl group;
  • two of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are independently selected from the following, and the rest are -H (more preferably Z 2 , Z 3 each or Z 1 , Z 4 each or Z 2 , Z 4 is each independently selected from the group consisting of -H): -C1-C6 fluoroalkyl group, 6-membered heterocyclic group -C1-C6 alkyl group substituted by -C1-C6 alkyl group (more preferably -C1) -C6 alkyl-substituted piperazinyl-C1-C6 alkyl), -C1-C6 alkyl substituted 5-membered heteroaryl (more preferably -C1-C6 alkyl substituted imidazolyl);
  • one of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 is selected from the group consisting of -H: pyridyl, furyl, thienyl, benzofuranyl;
  • R 3 is more preferably selected from:
  • n 0 or 1
  • Z 3 is selected from the group consisting of -O-C1-C6 alkyl, -O-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, -C1 a C6 fluoroalkyl group, an amino group optionally substituted by a -C1-C6 alkyl group, a nitro group, a C1-C6 alkyl-O-substituted phenyl-O-C1-C6 alkyl group;
  • Z 2 or Z 4 is selected from the group consisting of -H: phenyl-O-C1 substituted by C1-C6 alkyl-O-, C1-C6 alkyl-S- or C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl -C6 alkyl;
  • Z 2 and Z 3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, 6-membered heterocyclic group-C1-C6 alkyl group substituted by -C1-C6 alkyl group (more Preferred is piperazinyl-C1-C6 alkyl substituted by -C1-C6 alkyl);
  • Z 2 and Z 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, -C1-C6 alkyl-substituted 5-membered heteroaryl group (more preferably -C1-C6 alkyl group). Substituted imidazolyl);
  • Z 1 or Z 5 is selected from the group consisting of -H: pyridin-4-yl, pyridin-3-yl, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, thiophen-2-yl, Thiophen-3-yl, benzofuranyl;
  • R 3 is most preferably selected from:
  • the above compound is a microtubule inhibitor that binds to a colchicine site.
  • the multidrug resistant cancer is selected from the group consisting of a paclitaxel resistant cancer, a doxorubicin resistant cancer.
  • the multidrug resistant cancer is selected from the group consisting of paclitaxel resistant cervical cancer, paclitaxel resistant ovarian cancer, and doxorubicin resistant chronic myeloid leukemia.
  • the present invention provides a compound of the following formula II or a stereoisomer of the above compound, a prodrug thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof, for use in the treatment of a multidrug Use in drugs for drug-resistant cancer:
  • R 1 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl; preferably R 1 is selected from H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl; more preferably R 1 is selected from H, methyl, ethyl;
  • R 2 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl; preferably R 2 is selected from H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl; more preferably R 2 is selected from H, methyl, ethyl;
  • R 3 is selected from:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each independently selected from:
  • heterocyclic ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, optionally a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkane Oxyl, hydroxy, amino, C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6 acyl, cyano, optionally substituted heterocyclic,
  • piperidinyl 4-N,N-dimethylaminopiperidinyl, 4-N,N-diethylaminopiperidinyl, 4-N,N-diisopropylaminopiperidine 4-hydroxypiperidinyl, 4-(4-methylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-ethylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-isopropylpiperazinyl Piperidinyl, 4-(4-acetylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-methanesulfonylpiperazinyl) Piperidinyl, 4-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4-(2-cyanoethyl)piperazinyl)piperidinyl, 4-(4- (3-hydroxypropyl)
  • a heteroaryl group such as, but not limited to, a pyridyl group, a furyl group, a thienyl group, a benzofuranyl group;
  • Z 2 and Z 3 may form an oxygen-containing substituted or unsubstituted five-membered or six-membered ring; the substituent may be selected from the same substituents as Z 1 ;
  • Z 4 and Z 5 may form a nitrogen-containing substituted or unsubstituted five-membered or six-membered ring; the substituent may be selected from the same substituents as Z 1 ;
  • R 3 is preferably selected from:
  • n 0 or 1
  • one of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 is selected from the group consisting of -H: hydroxy, -O-C1-C6 alkyl, -O-C1-C6 Fluoroalkyl, -C1-C6 fluoroalkyl;
  • two of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are independently selected from the group consisting of -H (more preferably Z 2 , Z 4 or Z 2 , and Z 3 are each independently selected from Hereinafter, the remainder is -H): -C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, -C1-C6 alkyl-substituted 5-membered heteroaryl group (more preferably -C1-C6 alkyl-substituted imidazolyl group), -C1-C6 An alkyl-substituted 6-membered heterocyclic-C1-C6 alkyl group (more preferably a piperazinyl-C1-C6 alkyl group substituted by a -C1-C6 alkyl group);
  • one of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 is a benzofuranyl group, and the rest is -H;
  • R 3 is more preferably selected from:
  • n 0 or 1
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each -H, and Z 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl group, -O-C1-C6 alkyl group, -O-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, -C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group;
  • Z 2 and Z 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, -C1-C6 alkyl-substituted 5-membered heteroaryl group (more preferably -C1-C6 alkyl group). Substituted imidazolyl);
  • Z 2 , Z 3 or Z 3 , Z 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of -H:-C1-C6 fluorine-containing alkyl group, 6-membered heterocyclic group substituted by -C1-C6 alkyl group- a C1-C6 alkyl group (more preferably a piperazinyl-C1-C6 alkyl group substituted by a -C1-C6 alkyl group);
  • Z 1 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are each -H, and Z 2 is a benzofuranyl group;
  • R 3 is most preferably selected from:
  • the compound of formula II, R 3 is preferably selected from:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 are independently selected from the group consisting of -H (more preferably Z 2 , Z 4 or Z 2 , Z 3 are each independently Desirably selected from the following, the balance being -H): -C1-C6 fluoroalkyl group, 6-membered heterocyclic group -C1-C6 alkyl group substituted by -C1-C6 alkyl group (more preferably -C1-C6 alkyl group) Substituted piperazinyl-C1-C6 alkyl);
  • R 3 is more preferably selected from:
  • R 3 is most preferably selected from:
  • the above compound is a microtubule inhibitor that binds to a colchicine site.
  • the multidrug resistant cancer is selected from the group consisting of a paclitaxel resistant cancer, a doxorubicin resistant cancer.
  • the multidrug resistant cancer is selected from the group consisting of paclitaxel resistant cervical cancer, paclitaxel resistant ovarian cancer, and doxorubicin resistant chronic myeloid leukemia.
  • the present invention provides the compound according to the fourth aspect, the fifth aspect, or the sixth aspect, or a stereoisomer thereof, a prodrug thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent thereof Compound for the treatment of multidrug resistant cancers.
  • the above compound is a microtubule inhibitor that binds to a colchicine site.
  • the multidrug resistant cancer is selected from the group consisting of a paclitaxel resistant cancer, a doxorubicin resistant cancer.
  • the multidrug resistant cancer is selected from the group consisting of paclitaxel resistant cervical cancer, paclitaxel resistant ovarian cancer, and doxorubicin resistant chronic myeloid leukemia.
  • the present invention provides a method for treating a multidrug resistant cancer, comprising the compound according to the above fourth aspect, the fifth aspect, and the sixth aspect, or a stereoisomer thereof, a prodrug thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable
  • the accepted salt or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof is administered to a subject in need thereof.
  • the above compound is a microtubule inhibitor that binds to a colchicine site.
  • the multidrug resistant cancer is selected from the group consisting of a paclitaxel resistant cancer, a doxorubicin resistant cancer.
  • the multidrug resistant cancer is selected from the group consisting of paclitaxel resistant cervical cancer, paclitaxel resistant ovarian cancer, and doxorubicin resistant chronic myeloid leukemia.
  • the present invention provides the compound according to the fourth aspect, the fifth aspect, or the sixth aspect, or a stereoisomer thereof, a prodrug thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent thereof
  • the cancer is selected from the group consisting of cervical cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer cells, nephroblastoma, endometrial cancer, uterine sarcoma, human T lymphoma, and Microtubule inhibitors are clinically treatable cancers such as cholangiocarcinoma, brain cancer, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer, colon cancer, kidney cancer, lymphoma, muscle cancer, nervous system cancer, pancreatic cancer, pleural cancer, skin cancer, thyroid Cancer, urinary tract cancer, uterine cancer, female vulvar cancer.
  • the present invention provides the compound according to the fourth aspect, the fifth aspect, or the sixth aspect, or a stereoisomer thereof, a prodrug thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent thereof
  • the cancer is selected from the group consisting of cervical cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer cells, nephroblastoma, endometrial cancer, uterine sarcoma, human T lymphoma, and microtubule inhibitors in clinical practice.
  • Treatable cancers such as cholangiocarcinoma, brain cancer, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer, colon cancer, kidney cancer, lymphoma, muscle cancer, nervous system cancer, pancreatic cancer, pleural cancer, skin cancer, thyroid cancer, urinary tract cancer, Uterine cancer, female vulvar cancer.
  • the present invention provides a method for treating cancer, comprising the compound according to the above fourth aspect, the fifth aspect, or the sixth aspect, or a stereoisomer thereof, a prodrug thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof Or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof, which is selected from the group consisting of: cervical cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer cells, nephroblastoma, endometrial cancer, uterine sarcoma, Human T lymphoma, and microtubule inhibitors in clinically treatable cancers such as cholangiocarcinoma, brain cancer, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer, colon cancer, kidney cancer, lymphoma, muscle cancer, nervous system cancer, pancreatic cancer, pleura Cancer, skin cancer, thyroid cancer, urinary tract cancer, uterine cancer, female vulvar cancer.
  • the present invention provides a protein-drug molecular complex which is composed of ⁇ -tubulin, stathmin-like protein RB3 and tubulin tyrosine ligase (T2R-TTL) complexed with the following compounds composition:
  • C 1 -C 6 alkyl refers to any straight or branched chain group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, Isobutyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl, n-pentyl, tert-amyl, n-hexyl and the like.
  • C 1 -C 3 alkyl refers to any straight or branched chain group containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, and the like.
  • oxyalkyl group means a group in which an alkyl skeleton is substituted by one or more alkoxy groups, for example, a methoxyethyl group, a methoxyethoxymethyl group, or the like. .
  • a C1-C6 oxyalkyl group means a group formed by substituting a C1-C6 alkyl skeleton with one or more C1-C6 alkoxy groups, for example, methoxyethyl, methoxyethoxy Methyl group and the like.
  • a C1-C3 oxyalkyl group means a group formed by substituting a C1-C3 alkyl skeleton with one or more C1-C6 alkoxy groups.
  • fluorinated alkyl group means a group in which an alkyl skeleton is substituted by one or more fluorine groups, for example, a monofluoromethyl group, a difluoroethyl group, a trifluoromethyl group or the like.
  • C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl refers to a hydrocarbon of a 3-6 membered monocyclic ring system having a saturated ring, and the C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl group may be a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, or a ring. Heji and so on.
  • cyano refers to the -CN residue.
  • nitro refers to a -NO 2 group.
  • alkoxy refers to any of the above alkyl groups (eg, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, etc.), cycloalkyl (eg, C). 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl), which is connected to the rest of the molecule through an oxygen atom (-O-).
  • heteroaryl refers to an aromatic heterocyclic ring, usually a 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-membered heterocyclic ring having 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O or S;
  • the base ring can optionally be further fused or attached to both aromatic and non-aromatic carbocyclic and heterocyclic rings.
  • Non-limiting examples of such heteroaryl groups are, for example, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, fluorenyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyrrolyl, benzene Base-pyrrolyl, furyl, phenyl-furanyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, thienyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzo1,3-dioxolane (benzodioxan), isoindoline, benzimidazolyl, oxazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1-phenyl-1, 2,3-Triazolyl, 2,3-dihydroindenyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzo
  • heterocyclyl (also referred to as “heterocycloalkyl”) refers to 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- and 7-membered saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclic rings wherein one or more carbon atoms Substituted by heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur.
  • heterocyclic groups are, for example, pyran, pyrrolidine, pyrroline, imidazoline, imidazolidine, pyrazolidine, pyrazoline, thiazoline, thiazolidine, dihydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, 1,3- Dioxolane, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, morphinolyl, tetrahydropyrrolyl, thiomorpholinyl and the like.
  • 6-membered heterocyclyl refers to a 6-membered saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring in which one or more carbon atoms are replaced by a hetero atom such as nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
  • hetero atom such as nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
  • 6-membered heterocyclic groups are, for example, pyran, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, morphinolyl, thiomorpholinyl and the like.
  • 5-membered heterocyclyl refers to a 5-membered saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring in which one or more carbon atoms are replaced by a hetero atom such as nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur.
  • Non-limiting examples of 5-membered heterocyclic groups are, for example, pyrrolidine, pyrroline, imidazoline, imidazolidine, pyrazolidine, pyrazoline, thiazoline, thiazolidine, 1,3-dioxolane, and the like.
  • heterocyclic group is one or more of "C1-C6 alkyl group", “C1-C3 alkyl group”, “C3-C6 cycloalkyl group”, etc. Replace.
  • C1-C6 fluoroalkyl refers to a group wherein a C1-C6 alkyl skeleton is substituted by one or more fluoro groups, for example, carbon tetrafluoride, monofluoromethyl, difluoroethyl, tri Fluoromethyl and the like.
  • C1-C3 fluoroalkyl refers to a group in which a C1-C3 alkyl skeleton is substituted with one or more fluoro groups, for example, carbon tetrafluoride, monofluoromethyl, difluoroethyl. Base, trifluoromethyl and the like.
  • alkoxy refers to any of the above alkyl groups (eg, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, etc.), cycloalkyl (eg, C). 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl), which is connected to the rest of the molecule through an oxygen atom (-O-).
  • any group whose name is a compound name such as "fluorine-containing oxyalkyl group” shall mean a moiety conventionally derived therefrom, for example, from a fluorine group.
  • a substituted oxyalkyl group is constructed wherein the alkyl group is as defined above.
  • fluoroalkoxy group there is also a "fluoroalkoxy group”.
  • arylamino shall mean a moiety that is conventionally derived therefrom, for example, from an amino group substituted with an aryl group, wherein the aryl group is as defined above.
  • heteroarylamino can be understood.
  • the meanings of "hydroxysulfonyl", “aminosulfonyl” and the like can be understood.
  • any term such as alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylamino, heterocyclylcarbonyl, heterocyclylcarbonylamino, cycloalkyloxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, etc.
  • a group wherein the alkyl group, the alkoxy group, the aryl group, the C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl group and the heterocyclic group are as defined above.
  • each of the above substituents may be further substituted with one or more of the above-exemplified groups, if appropriate.
  • a substituted oxyalkyl group is constructed wherein the alkyl group is as defined above.
  • oxygen-substituted or unsubstituted five- or six-membered ring or "nitrogen-substituted or unsubstituted five- or six-membered ring” means 5- or 6-membered saturated or partially unsaturated A carbocyclic ring in which one or more carbon atoms are replaced by oxygen or nitrogen.
  • Non-limiting examples are, for example, pyran, pyrrolidine, pyrroline, imidazoline, imidazolidine, pyrazolidine, pyrazoline, dihydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolan, piperidine, piperazine , morpholine, tetrahydropyrrolyl and the like.
  • prodrug refers to a derivative that can be hydrolyzed, oxidized, or otherwise reacted under biological conditions (in vitro or in vivo) to provide a compound of the invention. Prodrugs undergo this reaction to become active compounds only under biological conditions, or they are active in their unreacted form. Prodrugs can generally be prepared using well-known methods, such as those described in Burger's Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery (1995) 172-178, 949-982 (Manfred E. Wolff, ed., 5th Edition).
  • the term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound of formula (I)" is an organic acid addition salt formed from an organic acid forming a pharmaceutically acceptable anion, including but not limited to formate, Acetate, propionate, benzoate, maleate, fumarate, succinate, tartrate, citrate, ascorbate, alpha-ketoglutarate, alpha-glycerophosphate Or an alkyl sulfonate or an aryl sulfonate; preferably, the alkyl sulfonate is a methanesulfonate or ethyl sulfonate; the aryl sulfonate is a besylate or a Tosylate.
  • Suitable inorganic salts can also be formed including, but not limited to, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, nitrate, bicarbonate and carbonate, sulfate or phosphate, and the like.
  • compositions can be obtained using standard procedures well known in the art, for example, by reacting a sufficient amount of a basic compound with a suitable acid that provides a pharmaceutically acceptable anion.
  • treating generally refers to obtaining the desired pharmacological and/or physiological effects.
  • the effect may be prophylactic according to the prevention of the disease or its symptoms in whole or in part; and/or may be therapeutic according to the partial or complete stabilization or cure of the disease and/or side effects due to the disease.
  • treatment encompasses any treatment for a patient's condition, including: (a) prevention of a disease or condition in a patient who is susceptible to an infectious disease or condition but has not yet diagnosed the disease; (b) inhibition of the symptoms of the disease, That is, to prevent its development; or (c) to alleviate the symptoms of the disease, that is, to cause the disease or symptoms to degenerate.
  • the compound, a stereoisomer thereof, a prodrug thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof wherein the compound is the following example One of the compounds described.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound according to any one of the above aspects, a stereoisomer thereof, a prodrug thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent And a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.
  • a method of preparing the pharmaceutical composition comprises incorporating a suitable pharmaceutical excipient, carrier, diluent, and the like.
  • the pharmaceutical preparations of the invention are prepared in a known manner, including conventional methods of mixing, dissolving or lyophilizing.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be formulated into pharmaceutical compositions and administered to a patient in a variety of ways suitable for the chosen mode of administration, for example, orally or parenterally (by intravenous, intramuscular, topical or subcutaneous routes).
  • the compounds of the invention may be administered systemically, for example, orally, in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as an inert diluent or an assimilable edible carrier. They can be enclosed in hard or soft shell gelatin capsules and can be compressed into tablets.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as an inert diluent or an assimilable edible carrier. They can be enclosed in hard or soft shell gelatin capsules and can be compressed into tablets.
  • the active compound may be combined with one or more excipients and in the form of swallowable tablets, buccal tablets, troches, capsules, elixirs, suspensions, syrups, wafers, and the like. use.
  • Such compositions and preparations should contain at least 0.1% of active compound.
  • the ratio of such compositions and formulations may of course vary and may range from about 1% to about 99% by weight of a given unit dosage form.
  • the amount of active compound is such that an effective dosage level can be obtained.
  • Tablets, lozenges, pills, capsules and the like may also contain: a binder such as tragacanth, acacia, corn starch or gelatin; an excipient such as dicalcium phosphate; a disintegrating agent such as corn starch, Potato starch, alginic acid, etc.; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate; and a sweetener such as sucrose, fructose, lactose or aspartame; or a flavoring agent such as mint, wintergreen or cherry.
  • a binder such as tragacanth, acacia, corn starch or gelatin
  • an excipient such as dicalcium phosphate
  • a disintegrating agent such as corn starch, Potato starch, alginic acid, etc.
  • a lubricant such as magnesium stearate
  • a sweetener such as sucrose, fructose, lactose or aspartame
  • a flavoring agent such as mint, wintergreen or cherry
  • any material used to prepare any unit dosage form should be pharmaceutically acceptable and substantially non-toxic in the amounts employed.
  • the active compound can be incorporated into sustained release formulations and sustained release devices.
  • the active compound can also be administered intravenously or intraperitoneally by infusion or injection.
  • An aqueous solution of the active compound or a salt thereof can be prepared, optionally mixed with a non-toxic surfactant.
  • Dispersing agents in glycerol, liquid polyethylene glycols, triacetin and mixtures thereof, and oils can also be prepared. Under ordinary conditions of storage and use, these preparations contain a preservative to prevent the growth of microorganisms.
  • Pharmaceutical dosage forms suitable for injection or infusion may include sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions of the active ingredient (optionally encapsulated in liposomes) containing the immediate formulation of a suitable injectable or injectable solution or dispersing agent. Or sterile powder. In all cases, the final dosage form must be sterile, liquid, and stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage.
  • the liquid carrier can be a solvent or liquid dispersion medium including, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (for example, glycerol, propylene glycol, liquid polyethylene glycol, and the like), vegetable oils, non-toxic glycerides, and suitable mixtures thereof.
  • Proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by liposome formation, by maintaining the desired particle size in the case of a dispersing agent, or by the use of a surfactant.
  • the action of preventing microorganisms can be produced by various antibacterial and antifungal agents such as parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid, thimerosal, and the like.
  • isotonic agents such as sugars, buffers or sodium chloride.
  • Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by the use of compositions that delay the absorbent (for example, aluminum monostearate and gelatin).
  • Sterile injectable solutions are prepared by combining the required active compound in a suitable solvent with the various other ingredients enumerated above, followed by filter sterilization.
  • the preferred preparation methods are vacuum drying and lyophilization techniques which result in a powder of the active ingredient plus any additional ingredients present in the previously sterile filtration solution. .
  • Useful solid carriers include comminuted solids (e.g., talc, clay, microcrystalline cellulose, silica, alumina, etc.).
  • Useful liquid carriers include water, ethanol or ethylene glycol or a water-ethanol/ethylene glycol mixture, and the compounds of the present invention may be dissolved or dispersed in an effective amount, optionally with the aid of a non-toxic surfactant.
  • Adjuvants such as fragrances
  • additional antimicrobial agents can be added to optimize the properties for a given use.
  • Thickeners can also be used with liquid carriers to form coatable pastes, gels, ointments , soap, etc., used directly on the user's skin.
  • the therapeutic requirements of a compound or an active salt or derivative thereof depend not only on the particular salt selected, but also on the mode of administration, the nature of the disease to be treated, and the age and condition of the patient, ultimately depending on the attending physician or clinician decision.
  • unit dosage form is a unit dispersion unit containing a unit dosage unit suitable for administration to humans and other mammalian bodies.
  • the unit dosage form can be a capsule or tablet, or a plurality of capsules or tablets.
  • the amount of unit dose of the active ingredient may vary or be adjusted between about 0.1 and about 1000 mg or more, depending on the particular treatment involved.
  • milk liposomes such as milk liposomes, microspheres and nanospheres
  • microparticle dispersion systems including polymeric micelles, nanoemulsions, submicroemuls Agents prepared from microcapsules, microspheres, liposomes, and niosomes (also known as nonionic surfactant vesicles).
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing the compound according to any one of the above technical solutions, comprising the steps of:
  • Reaction conditions (a) an amide condensation reaction under basic conditions (triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, etc.).
  • the compounds of the invention are synthesized using the methods described herein or other methods well known in the art.
  • Thin layer chromatography was carried out on a silica gel GF254 precoated plate (Qingdao Marine Chemical Plant). Column chromatography was carried out by silica gel (300-400 mesh, Yantai Zhihuang Silica Gel Development Reagent Factory) under medium pressure or by column chromatography using a pre-packed silica gel cartridge (ISCO or Welch) using an ISCO Combiflash Rf200 rapid purification system. The ingredients were developed by UV light ( ⁇ : 254 nm) and by iodine vapor.
  • the compounds were prepared by preparative HPLC on a Waters Symmetry C18 (19 x 50 mm, 5 ⁇ m) column or via a Waters X Terra RP 18 (30 x 150 mm, 5 ⁇ m) column using a Waters preparative HPLC 600 equipped with a 996 Waters PDA detector and Micromass mod.ZMD single quadrupole mass spectrometry (electrospray ionization, cationic mode).
  • Method 1 Phase A: 0.1% TFA / MeOH 95/5 ; phase B: MeOH / H 2 O 95/5 . Gradient: 10 to 90% B for 8 min, 90% B 2 min; flow rate 20 mL/min.
  • Method 2 Phase A: 0.05% NH 4 OH / MeOH 95/5; phase B: MeOH / H 2 O 95/5 . Gradient: 10 to 100% B for 8 min, maintaining 100% B 2 min. The flow rate was 20 mL/min.
  • Electrospray (ESI) mass spectra were obtained on a Finnigan LCQ ion trap.
  • HPLC-UV-MS analysis for evaluating compound purity was performed by combining an ion trap MS apparatus with an HPLC system SSP4000 (Thermo Separation Products) equipped with an autosampler LC Pal (CTC Analytics) and a UV6000LP diode array Detector (UV detection 215-400 nm). Device control, data acquisition and processing with Xcalibur 1.2 software (Finnigan). HPLC chromatography was carried out at room temperature and a flow rate of 1 mL/min using a Waters X Terra RP 18 column (4.6 x 50 mm; 3.5 [mu]m).
  • Mobile phase A is ammonium acetate 5 mM buffer (pH 5.5 with acetic acid): acetonitrile 90:10
  • mobile phase B ammonium acetate 5 mM buffer (pH 5.5 with acetic acid): acetonitrile 10:90; gradient 0 to 100% B Perform for 7 minutes and then maintain 100% B for 2 minutes before rebalancing.
  • HATU O-(7-nitrobenzotriazole)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluron hexafluorophosphate
  • UV UV: UV
  • Ethyl 4-methyl-4H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]thiazole-5-carboxylate (3 mmol, 630.75 mg) was dissolved in 12 mL of tetrahydrofuran, then 4 mL of 1N lithium hydroxide solution was added and reacted at 52 ° C 7h. After removing most of the solvent by concentration under reduced pressure, ice water was added, and pH was adjusted to weakly acidic with 1N diluted hydrochloric acid to precipitate a solid.
  • the raw materials used in the above synthesis are all commercially available reagents.
  • I-28 as a novel microtubule inhibitor that binds to the colchicine site.
  • I-28 inhibits microtubule polymerization and promotes microtubule depolymerization.
  • the drug efficacy of I-28 suggests that it can overcome drug resistance in vitro and in vivo.
  • the cell viability IC 50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration), which represents metabolically active cells, was measured by CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay.
  • Cells were cultured in triplicate in 96-well plates (5000 cells per well of 100 ⁇ l of complete medium) with different doses of compound (I-28, paclitaxel or vincristine). After 48 hours of incubation, CellTiter-Glo was added to each well and the plates were further incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature. The luminescent signal is then measured, collected and analyzed.
  • the cells were incubated with I-28 or DMSO for 12 hours. The cells were harvested and washed 3 times with PBS and then fixed with 3% paraformaldehyde (containing 0.2% sucrose) for 30 minutes. The cells were blocked with 10% goat serum containing 0.4% Triton X-100 at room temperature. At room temperature, cells and pro-antibody (anti-tubulin antibody 1:5000, anti-crest antibody 1:1000, anti-CEP 192 antibody 1:200 or anti-central granule per protein (pericentrin) antibody 1 : 2000) Incubate for 3 hours. After washing with PBS, the cells were combined with secondary antibody (1:600) for 1 hour at room temperature. The cells were then washed and labeled with DAPI (1:1000) for 10 minutes at room temperature. Finally, the coverslips were closed with anti-fade polyvinylpyrrolidone mounting medium.
  • tubulin is redissolved in pre-chilled G-PEM buffer (80 mM PIPES, pH 6.9, 2 mM MgCl 2 , 0.5 mM EGTA, 1 mM GTP) and snap frozen in liquid nitrogen, then at -70 Store at °C.
  • G-PEM buffer 80 mM PIPES, pH 6.9, 2 mM MgCl 2 , 0.5 mM EGTA, 1 mM GTP
  • Thawed tubulin was centrifuged at 14,000 x g for 10 min at 4 °C.
  • a homogenous liquid of tubulin is added to the preheating plate.
  • G-PEM, paclitaxel or different doses of I-28 pipettes into the preheating plate and placed the plates in a spectrophotometer. The absorbance was recorded at 340 nm for 1 hour and then analyzed.
  • a homogeneous liquid of tubulin was prepared as previously described.
  • the protein solution was dispensed into several tubes at room temperature. I-28, paclitaxel or vincristine was added to the tube and incubated for 20 minutes at room temperature. After incubation, the samples were dropped onto copper grids. After staining the copper grid with 2% uranyl acetate-lead citrate, the copper grid was dried. Finally, the sample was observed by a transmission electron microscope (FEI Tecnai G2 Spirit TEM).
  • Membranes were incubated with antibodies (MDR1/ABCB1 rabbit antibody, MRP1/ABCC1 rabbit antibody, anti-MRP2 antibody, MRP3/ABCC3 rabbit antibody or ABCG2 antibody) overnight at 4 °C. After treatment of the PVDF membrane with HRP-conjugated secondary antibody, specific blots were detected by ECL reagent (chemiluminescent horseradish peroxidase substrate).
  • HeLa cells were cultured in DMEM medium and harvested in PBS buffer at a density of 5 x 10 7 cells/ml.
  • Female nude mice were fed at the experimental animal center to simulate normal day and night.
  • Nude mice (4-6 weeks old) were selected and 1 x 10 7 cells were injected hypodermic. After 4 weeks, nude mice were randomized. I-28, vincristine or corn oil was administered by intraperitoneal injection, respectively. Then we measure and record the data every other day.
  • HeLaR cells were injected into nude mice. When the tumor is large enough, we transplanted the tumor tissue into new nude mice. We repeat this process again. These nude mice were randomized after two weeks. They were recorded and injected with I-28, vincristine or corn oil.
  • T2R-TTL complex Prepare a complex of two tubulins (T2R-TTL complex) as described in the literature (7, 32) (with minor modifications): a stathmin-like domain of RB3 (RB3-SLD) and a tubulin Tyrosine ligase (TTL).
  • RB3-SLD was overexpressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and purified sequentially by anion exchange chromatography (QFF; GE Healthcare) and gel filtration (Superdex 75; GE-Healthcare). The purified protein was concentrated to 10 mg/mL and stored at 80 ° C until use. TTL was overexpressed in E.
  • the T2R-TTL complex was prepared by mixing tubulin, RB3-SLD and TTL with a molar ratio of 2:1.3:1.2, and then adding 1 mM ⁇ , ⁇ -methylene adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt ( ⁇ , ⁇ -methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt), 5 mM tyrosine and 10 mM DTT, and the complex was concentrated to 20 mg/mL at 4 °C.
  • T2R-TTL crystals were obtained in a buffer consisting of 6% PEG 4000, 8% glycerol, 0.1 M MES (pH 6.7), 30 mM CaCl 2 and 30 mM MgCl 2 at 20 °C. A single crystal is obtained by seeding. The rod crystal appeared after 2 days and reached its maximum size within 1 week. For crystal soaking, 0.1 ⁇ l of I-15 (dissolved in DMSO at a concentration of 10 mM) was added to 2 ⁇ L of crystal-containing droplets at 20 ° C for 18 hours.
  • a stock solution containing 20% (v/v) glycerol was added as a cryoprotectant.
  • the crystals were transferred to a cryoprotectant for a few seconds, then embedded in a nylon ring and then rapidly cooled in liquid nitrogen.
  • Diffraction data was collected on the beam line BL19U1 (beamline BL19U1) of the National Facility for Protein Science Shanghai (NFPS) at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Shanghai, China) .
  • the data was processed using HKL 3000 (33).
  • the structure was determined by a molecular replacement method using a T2R-TTL structure (PDB ID: 4I55) as a search model. Finished with COOT (34) and PHENIX (35). Model quality was checked using MOLPROBITY (36).
  • the atomic coordinates and structural factors of the tubulin-I-15 complex have been registered in the protein database with 5YZ3 as the access code.
  • I-28 blocks mitosis by inhibiting microtubule polymerization
  • I-28-treated HeLa cells showed cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase (Fig. 2A).
  • the mitotic blocking function of I-28 was further verified from other cell lines.
  • I-28 may interfere with the cytoskeletal system.
  • Microtubules, spindles, eutrosomes, and microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) can be formed separately in mitosis. The presence of two centrosomes in each cell after compound treatment indicates that the spike-like spots are not centrosomes (Fig. 2C, 2D).
  • MTOC as the beginning of microtubules, is centered on gamma-tubulin and mediates tubulin nucleation and replaces centrosomes in cells without centriole.
  • Figure 2E the spiked spots are not MTOC.
  • I-28 changes microtubules with different mechanisms
  • paclitaxel is a microtubule stabilizer and promotes microtubule polymerization.
  • the vinca alkaloid inhibits microtubule polymerization and promotes microtubule depolymerization (Fig. 3A).
  • I-28 and vincristine block mitosis and block cells in the anterior and middle stages. Disordered chromosomes and scattered chromosomes surrounded by a dispersed nuclear envelope were observed in cells treated with these two compounds. Careful studies have revealed that I-28 induces a spike-like structure in compound treated cells.
  • I-15 binds to the colchicine binding site, which is a large pocket surrounded by a super beta sheet ( ⁇ -sheet) and two alpha helices ( ⁇ -helices). , is terminated by two loops ( Figure 4).
  • the drug molecule I-15 establishes a hydrogen bond with the oxygen chain of the side chain of ⁇ N165, ⁇ E198 and ⁇ Y200, and the main chain of ⁇ v236 (Fig. 4C).
  • I-15 also established extensive hydrophobic interactions with beta tubulin (Fig. 4C).
  • I-15 is located in a much deeper position in the beta subunit and has no interaction with the alpha subunit (Fig. 4D). Little overlap with colchicine was observed. Comparison of the structure of tubulin-I-15 with tubulin-colchicine complex showed that the binding of different colchicine site ligands did not affect the overall conformation of tubulin, nor did it affect the overall T2R complex. Conformation.
  • the root mean square deviation (RMSD) of the 2146 C ⁇ atom between tubulin-I-15 and tubulin-colchicine complex is The main conformational change is related to the ⁇ T5 loop of the colchicine domain (Fig. 4D).
  • I-28 overcomes MDR in vivo and in vitro
  • microtubule inhibitors paclitaxel and vincristine are often used to treat various cancers, including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, acute leukemia, Malignant lymphoma, lung cancer (23-25).
  • microtubule inhibitor paclitaxel nab-paclitaxel
  • gemcitabine prolongs the survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
  • the authors suggest that paclitaxel may play a role in targeting KRAS by disrupting its intracellular trafficking (26). The potential role of I-28 in Ras protein transport is worth exploring in the future.
  • the colchicine binding site microtubule inhibitor can act as a vascular targeting agent.
  • the colchicine binding site compound can rapidly depolymerize microtubules of newly formed blood vessels to block blood supply to the tumor (30, 31).
  • I-28 can effectively prevent cell migration and colony formation ( Figures 7, 8).
  • tubulin targeting agents such as taxanes and vinca alkaloids (vincas) show a separate anti-tumor effect.
  • this tissue-specific resistance mechanism provides a theoretical basis for the development of new methods aimed at improving existing compounds by analyzing tumor sensitivity, thereby reducing side effects such as peripheral neuropathy.
  • Toxicity (1) With more available compounds that target many other components of the tubulin-microtubule complex, this is certainly an important aspect of leveraging its anticancer potential by combining two or more targets in the same system. A synergistic effect of the drug can be achieved.
  • I-28 A series of small molecules represented by I-28 exhibit promising pharmacological effects against MDR both in vitro and in vivo.
  • the molecular mechanism of the inhibitory function of I-28 is different from that of previously reported anti-MDR drugs, which bind to the colchicine binding site of tubulin, thereby depolymerizing microtubules and affecting spindle formation.
  • Our data show that it can be further developed into a new skeleton for cancer, especially for MDR cancer therapeutics.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates that the key properties of Compound I-15 are consistent with Compounds I-28.
  • Compound I-15 can overcome MDR in three pairs of cell lines. In the same cell line, IC I-15 compound is less than 50 or less Compound I-28 IC 50 of (C). Compound I-15 is a better microtubule inhibitor with the same mechanism as Compound I-28.
  • HeLa cells 1 ⁇ 10 6 HeLa cells were plated in each well of a six-well plate. After 24 h, a 200 ⁇ l micropipette tip was used to scribe perpendicular to the disc surface. The cells were washed three times with PBS to remove the scraped cells, and then the settled cells were cultured in serum-free medium with or without the compound. The cells were photographed at 0h, 6h, 12h, 24h and 48h after culture.
  • Figure 7 illustrates that different compounds prevent cell migration. As the culture progresses, the gap between the cells is gradually filled by the migration of the tumor cells in the normal control group. All three compounds (vincristine, colchicine, and I-28) did not shrink the gap or even reduce the number of HeLa cells. These compounds affect cell elongation and cell migration by inhibiting microtubules.
  • HeLa cells were plated in each well of a six-well plate. After 12 h of incubation, different concentrations of compounds were added to the plates to which the cells were fixed. The formation of cell colonies was examined after two weeks. After the medium was removed, the cells were fixed with paraformaldehyde. After washing the cells three times with PBS buffer, the cells were stained with a 0.05% concentration of methylrosanilium chloride solution. Photographs were taken using the FluorChem M system (FluorChem M system).
  • Figure 8 illustrates the formation of different compounds blocking cell colonies.
  • the initial concentrations of the three compounds were as follows: I-28 3.7 nM, colchicine 1.23 nM and vincristine 1.23 nM. As the concentration of the compound decreases, the number of cell colonies increases. Compared to the IC 50, these data show that all three compounds can inhibit cell proliferation prolonged treatment group.
  • the table in Figure 9 illustrates the statistics of data collection and refinement. Among them, * the highest resolution is displayed in parentheses.
  • the table in Figure 10 illustrates the statistics of Figure 5B.
  • WT represents the parental cell line
  • R represents the cell line induced by paclitaxel
  • R-ratio indicates that the sensitivity varies with the ratio IC 50 (R) / IC 50 (WT).
  • Microtubule inhibitors Differentiating tubulin-inhibiting agents based on mechanisms of action, clinical activity, and resistance. Molecular cancer therapeutics 2009; 8: 2086-95

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Abstract

一种作为微管抑制剂的杂芳基酰胺类化合物的抗肿瘤多药耐药性、治疗癌症的用途以及蛋白质-药物分子复合物。从使用通过致癌RAS转化的细胞的高通量药物筛选,鉴定了阻断细胞增殖的先导杂芳基酰胺化合物。构效关系分析表明,该系列的骨架(以I-28为示例)是肿瘤细胞生长的有效抑制剂。进一步分析表明,这种化合物在体外和体内都显示出抗肿瘤MDR的良好的药理学性质。总之,一种由I-28代表的新型骨架,该骨架可以开发为癌症治疗剂,特别是对于肿瘤多重抗性。

Description

杂芳基酰胺类化合物的抗肿瘤多药耐药性、治疗癌症的用途和蛋白质-药物分子复合物 技术领域
本发明涉及作为新颖的微管抑制剂的杂芳基酰胺类化合物的抗肿瘤多药耐药性以及用于治疗选自宫颈癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌细胞、肾母细胞瘤、子宫内膜癌、子宫肉瘤、人T淋巴瘤、以及微管抑制剂在临床上可治疗的癌症诸如胆管癌、脑癌、食道癌、头颈癌、肠癌、肾癌、淋巴瘤、肌肉癌、神经系统癌、胰腺癌、胸膜癌、皮肤癌、甲状腺癌、泌尿道癌、子宫癌、女外阴癌的癌症的用途以及蛋白质-药物分子复合物。
背景技术
由于微管在细胞有丝分裂中的重要作用,微管被认为是抗癌药物的最重要靶标之一(1-3)。微管抑制剂通过与微管结合并进一步影响微管的功能来抑制细胞生长,已被广泛用于各种肿瘤的治疗(4,5)。根据其结合位点将微管抑制剂分为不同类别:紫杉醇结合位点(paclitaxel binding site)、长春花生物碱结合位点(vinca alkaloid binding site)和秋水仙碱结合位点(colchicine binding site)(6-8)。紫杉醇结合位点抑制剂通过增强微管并阻止微管解聚来破坏有丝分裂(9)。而其他两种结合位点抑制剂可以解聚微管,并阻断有丝分裂中的细胞周期(10-13)。这些抑制剂,特别是紫杉醇和长春新碱,被广泛用作癌症化疗药物。不幸的是,超过一半的癌症患者最终会对化疗药物产生多药耐药性(MDR)(14,15)。
MDR的最常见的表征机理是通过ATP结合盒蛋白(ATP-binding cassette protein)(ABC蛋白)的过度表达介导的(16-18)。ABC蛋白作为一种细胞膜转运蛋白,通过泵出不同的化合物来减少癌细胞内的药物积累。ABC转运蛋白家族的关键成员包括MDR1/P-gP/ABCB1(多药耐药基因1,P-糖蛋白)、MRPs/ABCCs(多药耐药相关蛋白)、BCRP/ABCG2(乳腺癌耐药蛋白)(19,20)。随着这些转运泵的过度表达,药物的外排增加,导致耐药。MDR成为化疗成功的不可避免的障碍。克服多药耐药一直是临床和研究肿瘤学家的一个优先事项,由于可获得的靶向特异性抑制剂的局限性和临床试验设计的困难,靶向ABC蛋白的策略实际上已被制药工业所抛弃(21)。因此,迫切需要寻找其他途径来避免癌症的耐药性。
发明内容
微管抑制剂(microtubule inhibitor)作为化疗药物广泛用于临床治疗癌症。然而,癌症的多药耐药性(multidrug resistance)(MDR)的发展对于微管抑制剂来说是其临床实施的主要挑战。
从使用通过致癌(oncogenic)RAS转化的细胞的高通量药物筛选,我们鉴定了阻断细胞增殖的先导杂芳基酰胺化合物(heteroarylamide compound)。构效关系分析表明,该系列的骨架(以I-28为示例)是肿瘤细胞生长的有效抑制剂。I-28显示出对于具有各种广泛的组织来源的更广泛的1000多种人肿瘤细胞系的活性。进一步分析表明,这种化合物解聚微管并影响纺锤体(spindle)的形成。有趣的是,它在体外和体内诱导微管的穗状(spike-like)构象,这与典型的微管调节剂不同。结构分析显示,这一系列的化合物在内二聚体界面(intra-dimer interface)与秋水仙碱口袋(colchicine pocket)结合,虽然大部分不与秋水仙碱结合重叠。更重要的是,I-28在体外和体内都显示出抗肿瘤MDR的良好的药理学性质。总之,我们的数据揭示了一种由I-28代表的新型骨架,该骨架可以开发为癌症治疗剂,特别是对于肿瘤多重抗性。
本发明提供了以下通式的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000001
或上述化合物的立体异构体、其前药、其药学上可接受的盐或其药学上可接受的溶剂合物。
更具体地说,本发明提供了以下通式(I、II)的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000002
其中取代基和符号的定义下面详细说明。
本发明的一个目的是提供上述化合物在制备用于治疗多药耐药癌症的药物中的用途。
本发明的另一个目的是提供治疗多药耐药癌症的方法,包括将上述化合物施用于有此需要的受试者。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种蛋白质-药物分子复合物,其由与以下化合物络合的αβ-微管蛋白、stathmin样(stathmin-like)蛋白RB3和微管蛋白酪氨酸连接酶(T2R-TTL)组成:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000003
本发明的另一个目的是提供上述化合物在制备用于治疗癌症的药物中的用途,其中所述癌症选自:宫颈癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌细胞、肾母细胞瘤、子宫内膜癌、子宫肉瘤、人T淋巴瘤、以及微管抑制剂在临床上可治疗的癌症诸如胆管癌、脑癌、食道癌、头颈癌、肠癌、肾癌、淋巴瘤、肌肉癌、神经系统癌、胰腺癌、胸膜癌、皮肤癌、甲状腺癌、泌尿道癌、子宫癌、女外阴癌。
本发明的再一个目的是提供治疗癌症的方法,包括将上述化合物施用于有此需要的受试者,其中所述癌症选自:宫颈癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌细胞、肾母细胞瘤、子宫内膜癌、子宫肉瘤、人T淋巴瘤、以及微管抑制剂在临床上可治疗的癌症诸如胆管癌、脑癌、食道癌、头颈癌、肠癌、肾癌、淋巴瘤、肌肉癌、神经系统癌、胰腺癌、胸膜癌、皮肤癌、甲状腺癌、泌尿道癌、子宫癌、女外阴癌。
附图说明
图1.先导化合物的结构和体外药理作用。(A)I-2和I-28的化学结构。(B)化合物I-28针对24种癌细胞系的抗增殖IC 50:HeLa:人宫颈癌细胞;A549:人肺癌细胞;HT-29:人结肠癌细胞;NB4:人急性早幼粒白血病细胞;K562:人慢性髓原白血病细胞;HL-60:人早幼粒白血病细胞;A2780:人卵巢癌细胞;SK-NEP-1:人肾母细胞瘤细胞;RL95-2:人子宫内膜癌细胞;MCF-7:人乳腺癌细胞;MV-4-11:人急性淋巴髓单核细胞白血病细胞;KU812:人外周血嗜碱性白血病细胞;SUP-B15:人Ph+急淋白血病细胞;SHI-1:人单核细胞白血病细胞;RS4;11:人急性淋巴性白血病细胞;SEM:人前B淋巴白血癌细胞;MOLM-13:人急性骨髓性白血病细胞;NOMO-1:人白血病细胞;MES-SA:子宫肉瘤细胞;HCC827:肺癌细胞;H1975:肺癌细胞;H9:人T淋巴瘤细胞;MRC-5:人胚肺成纤维细胞;WI-38:人胚肺成纤维细胞。
图2.I-28通过抑制微管形成在前中期停止细胞周期。(A)在化合物(DMSO或200nM I-28)处理后,通过流式细胞术进行PI标记的细胞周期分析。(B)有丝分裂的HeLa细胞的细胞形态。(着丝粒-红色,微管蛋白-绿色,染色体-蓝色)(C-E)微管被降解,成为斑点,而不是中心体和MTOC。(中心体:CEP192,中心粒周围蛋白;MTOC:γ-微管蛋白)(F,G)化合物I-28和长春新碱以剂量依赖方式抑制微管蛋白聚合。
图3.微管蛋白抑制剂导致的细胞内和体外微管的改变。(A)化合物I-28(200nM)、长春新碱(50nM)和秋水仙碱(250nM)解聚HeLa细胞中的微管。(B-E)通过TEM监测微管蛋白的出现。1μm紫杉醇、8μm长春新碱或20μm化合物I-28。
图4.I-15与微管蛋白的复合物的晶体结构。(A)I-15-微管蛋白复合物的总体结构。RB3-SLD呈绿色,TTL呈黄色,α-微管蛋白呈黑色,β-微管蛋白呈灰色,GTP呈红色,GDP呈橙色,I-15呈青色。GTP、GDP和I-15显示为球状。(B)由MP-HJ骨架衍生的类似物I-15的化学结构及其电子密度。Fo-Fc省略图(Fo-Fc omit map)的颜色为灰色,在3σ画轮廓。(C)I-15和微管蛋白之间的相互作用。I-15显示为棍状。与I-15进行相互作用的残基显示为棍状,并被标记。疏水中心用绿色半透明圆圈表示(小:中心I;大:中心II),氢键中心用黄色半透明圆圈表示(中心V)。(D)I-15与秋水仙碱分别对于微观蛋白结合模式的比较。微管蛋白-I-15(青色)以及微管蛋白-秋水仙碱(PDB ID:4O2B,黄色)的复合物结构突 出显示。I-15和秋水仙碱显示为棍状。
图5.I-28对于野生型和MDR细胞系在体外和体内的效力。(A)MDR相关的蛋白表达在三种耐药细胞系中增加。(B)紫杉醇、秋水仙碱和化合物I-28对于三对细胞系(HeLaR:耐紫杉醇的HeLa;A2780R:耐紫杉醇的A2780;K562R:耐阿霉素的K562)的IC 50。(C)化合物I-28和秋水仙碱在HeLa异种移植模型或HeLaR异种移植模型中抑制肿瘤体积。(D)在治疗期间的每组裸小鼠的体重。
图6说明化合物I-15的关键特性与化合物I-28一致。
图7说明不同化合物阻止细胞迁移。
图8说明不同化合物阻断细胞集落的形成。
图9说明数据收集和精修的统计。*括号中显示最高分辨率。
图10说明图5B的统计数据。
发明详述
本文描述了各种具体实施方案、方式和实施例,包括为了理解所要求保护的本发明而采用的示例性实施方式和定义。尽管以下详细描述给出了具体的优选实施方案,但是本领域技术人员将理解,这些实施方式仅是示例性的,并且本发明可以以其他方式实践。为了确定侵权的目的,本发明的范围将涉及所附权利要求中的任何一个或多个,包括其等同物,以及等同于所述的那些的要素或限制。
本发明是通过下面技术方案实现的。
第一方面,本发明提供了以下通式的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000004
其中,X 1选自N,S;X 2选自N,S;且X 1与X 2不相同;
R 1选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;
R 2选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;
R 3选自:
1)
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000005
其中n=0,1或2,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5各自独立地选自:
(1)氢,氟,氯,溴,碘,硝基,氰基,氨基,任选被-C1-C6烷基、C1-C3烷基、-C1-C6烷基磺酰基或-C1-C6烷基羰基取代的氨基,羟基,羟基甲酰基,甲氧基甲酰基,乙氧基甲酰基,正丙氧基甲酰基,异丙氧基甲酰基,氨基甲酰基,N-甲基氨基甲酰基,N-乙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丙基氨基甲酰基,N-异丙基氨基甲酰基,N-环丙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丁基氨基甲酰基,N-异丁基氨基甲酰基,N-叔丁基氨基甲酰基,N-环丁基氨基甲酰基,N-正戊基氨基甲酰基,N-异戊基氨基甲酰基,N-环戊基氨基甲酰基,N-正己基氨基甲酰基,N-异己基氨基甲酰基,N-环己基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基甲酰基,环丙胺基甲酰基,环丁胺基甲酰基,环戊胺基甲酰基,环己胺基甲酰基,4-羟基哌啶基甲酰基,哌嗪基甲酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,甲磺酰基,乙磺酰基,正丙基磺酰基,异丙基磺酰基,正丁基磺酰基,异丁基磺酰基,羟基磺酰基,氨基磺酰基,N-甲基氨基磺酰基,N-乙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丙基氨基磺酰基,N-异丙基氨基磺酰基,N-环丙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丁基氨基磺酰基,N-异丁基氨基磺酰基,N-叔丁基氨基磺酰基,N-环丁基氨基磺酰基,N-正戊基氨基磺酰基,N-异戊基氨基磺酰基,N-环戊基氨基磺酰基,N-正己基氨基磺酰基,N-异己基氨基磺酰基,N-环己基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基磺酰基,环丙胺基磺酰基,环丁胺基磺酰基,环戊胺基磺酰基,环己胺基磺酰基,4-羟基哌啶基磺酰基,哌嗪基磺酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,甲酰胺基,乙酰胺基,丙酰胺基,正丁酰胺基,异丁酰胺基,环丙基甲酰胺基,环丁基甲酰胺基,环戊基甲酰胺基,环己基甲酰胺基,甲磺酰胺基,乙磺酰胺 基,正丙磺酰胺基,异丙磺酰胺基,正丁磺酰胺基,异丁磺酰胺基,取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基,经C1-C6烷基-O-、卤素、C1-C6烷基-S-或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基;
(2)-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,C1-C3烷基,C1-C3烷氧基,C1-C3含氧烷基,C1-C3含氟烷基,C1-C3含氟烷氧基;
(3)包含选自N、O和S的一个或多个杂原子的五元或六元杂环,所述五元或六元杂环任选地被C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、氨基、C1-C6烷氧羰基、C1-C6酰基、氰基、任选被取代的杂环基取代,
包括但不限于:哌啶基,4-N,N-二甲基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二乙基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二异丙基氨基哌啶基,4-羟基哌啶基,4-(4-甲基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-异丙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(四氢吡咯基)哌啶基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基)哌啶基;
4-甲基哌嗪基,4-乙基哌嗪基,4-异丙基哌嗪基,4-乙酰基哌嗪基,4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基,4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基,4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,2-氧代-哌嗪-4-基,4-(N-甲基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基;
吗啡啉基,3,5-二甲基吗啡啉基,硫代吗啉基,四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二甲基四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二乙基四氢吡咯基;
(4)杂芳基,例如但不限于吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基;
(5)Z 2与Z 3可以形成含氧的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
(6)Z 4与Z 5可以形成含氮的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
2)氢,C1-C6烷基,环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,环己基,N,N-二甲基氨基,N,N-二乙基氨基,N,N-二异丙基氨基,2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基,2-羟基乙基,2-吗啡啉基乙基,2-硫代吗啉基乙基,2-(4-甲基哌嗪基)乙基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二异丙基氨基丙基,3-羟基丙基,3-吗啡啉基丙基,3-硫代吗啉基丙基,3-(4-甲基哌嗪基)丙基,N-甲基-4-哌啶基,N-乙基-4-哌啶基,N-异丙基-4-哌啶基,N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基;
或上述化合物的立体异构体、其前药、其药学上可接受的盐或其药学上可接受的溶剂合物。
在一些实施方案中,R 1选自H,C1-C3烷基。
在一些实施方案中,R 1选自H,甲基、乙基。
在一些实施方案中,R 2选自H,C1-C3烷基。
在一些实施方案中,R 2选自H,甲基、乙基。
在一些实施方案中,所述药学上可接受的盐为无机酸盐或有机酸盐,其中,所述无机酸盐为盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、硝酸盐、碳酸氢盐和碳酸盐、硫酸盐或磷酸盐,所述有机酸盐为甲酸盐、乙酸盐、丙酸盐、苯甲酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、琥珀酸盐、酒石酸盐、柠檬酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、α-酮戊二酸盐、α-甘油磷酸盐、烷基磺酸盐或芳基磺酸盐;优选地,所述烷基磺酸盐为甲基磺酸盐或乙基磺酸盐;所述芳基磺酸盐为苯磺酸盐或对甲苯磺酸盐。
第二方面,本发明提供了一种下面通式I表示的化合物、其立体异构体、其前药、其药学上可接受的盐或其药学上可接受的溶剂合物,
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000006
其中:
R 1选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;
R 2选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;
R 3选自:
1)
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000007
其中n=0,1或2,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5各自独立地选自:
(1)氢,氟,氯,溴,碘,硝基,氰基,氨基,任选被-C1-C6烷基、C1-C3烷基、-C1-C6烷基磺酰基或-C1-C6烷基羰基取代的氨基,羟基,羟基甲酰基,甲氧基甲酰基,乙氧基甲酰基,正丙氧基甲酰基,异丙氧基甲酰基,氨基甲酰基,N-甲基氨基甲酰基,N-乙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丙基氨基甲酰基,N-异丙基氨基甲酰基,N-环丙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丁基氨基甲酰基,N-异丁基氨基甲酰基,N-叔丁基氨基甲酰基,N-环丁基氨基甲酰基,N-正戊基氨基甲酰基,N-异戊基氨基甲酰基,N-环戊基氨基甲酰基,N-正己基氨基甲酰基,N-异己基氨基甲酰基,N-环己基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基甲酰基,环丙胺基甲酰基,环丁胺基甲酰基,环戊胺基甲酰基,环己胺基甲酰基,4-羟基哌啶基甲酰基,哌嗪基甲酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,甲磺酰基,乙磺酰基,正丙基磺酰基,异丙基磺酰基,正丁基磺酰基,异丁基磺酰基,羟基磺酰基,氨基磺酰基,N-甲基氨基磺酰基,N-乙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丙基氨基磺酰基,N-异丙基氨基磺酰基,N-环丙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丁基氨基磺酰基,N-异丁基氨基磺酰基,N-叔丁基氨基磺酰基,N-环丁基氨基磺酰基,N-正戊基氨基磺酰基,N-异戊基氨基磺酰基,N-环戊基氨基磺酰基,N-正己基氨基磺酰基,N-异己基氨基磺酰基,N-环己基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基磺酰基,环丙胺基磺酰基,环丁胺基磺酰基,环戊胺基磺酰基,环己胺基磺酰基,4-羟基哌啶基磺酰基,哌嗪基磺酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,甲酰胺基,乙酰胺基,丙酰胺基,正丁酰胺基,异丁酰胺基,环丙基甲酰胺基,环丁基甲酰胺基,环戊基甲酰胺基,环己基甲酰胺基,甲磺酰胺基,乙磺酰胺基,正丙磺酰胺基,异丙磺酰胺基,正丁磺酰胺基,异丁磺酰胺基,取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基,经C1-C6烷基-O-、卤素、C1-C6烷基-S-或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基;
(2)-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,C1-C3烷基,C1-C3烷氧基,C1-C3含氧烷基,C1-C3含氟烷基,C1-C3含氟烷氧基;
(3)包含选自N、O和S的一个或多个杂原子的五元或六元杂环,所述五元或六元杂环任选地被C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、氨基、C1-C6烷氧羰基、C1-C6酰基、氰基、任选被取代的杂环基取代,
包括但不限于:哌啶基,4-N,N-二甲基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二乙基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二异丙基氨基哌啶基,4-羟基哌啶基,4-(4-甲基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-异丙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(四氢吡咯基)哌啶基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基)哌啶基;
4-甲基哌嗪基,4-乙基哌嗪基,4-异丙基哌嗪基,4-乙酰基哌嗪基,4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基,4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基,4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,2-氧代-哌嗪-4-基,4-(N-甲基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基;
吗啡啉基,3,5-二甲基吗啡啉基,硫代吗啉基,四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基四氢吡咯基;
(4)杂芳基,例如但不限于吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基;
(5)Z 2与Z 3可以形成含氧的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代 基;
(6)Z 4与Z 5可以形成含氮的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
2)氢,C1-C6烷基,环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,环己基,N,N-二甲基氨基,N,N-二乙基氨基,N,N-二异丙基氨基,2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基,2-羟基乙基,2-吗啡啉基乙基,2-硫代吗啉基乙基,2-(4-甲基哌嗪基)乙基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二异丙基氨基丙基,3-羟基丙基,3-吗啡啉基丙基,3-硫代吗啉基丙基,3-(4-甲基哌嗪基)丙基,N-甲基-4-哌啶基,N-乙基-4-哌啶基,N-异丙基-4-哌啶基,N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基。
在一些实施方案中,R 1选自H,C1-C3烷基。
在一些实施方案中,R 1选自H,甲基、乙基。
在一些实施方案中,R 2选自H,C1-C3烷基。
在一些实施方案中,R 2选自H,甲基、乙基。
在一些实施方案中,R 3选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000008
其中n=0,1或2,
当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:羟基,-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,氨基,任选被-C1-C6烷基、-C1-C6烷基磺酰基或-C1-C6烷基羰基取代的氨基,氨基磺酰基,硝基,取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被卤素取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基),经C1-C6烷基-O-、卤素、C1-C6烷基-S-或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基;
或者,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的2个独立地选自以下,其余为-H(更优选Z 2,Z 3各自或者Z 1,Z 4各自或者Z 2,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H):-C1-C6含氟烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基),-C1-C6烷基,取代的苯基羰基-氨基,-C1-C6烷基-O-羰基,-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基);
当n=1时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基;
当n=2时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:氨基磺酰基。
在一些实施方案中,R 3选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000009
其中n=0或1,
当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 4,Z 5各自为-H,Z 3选自以下:羟基,-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,氨基,任选被-C1-C6烷基、-C1-C6烷基磺酰基或-C1-C6烷基羰基取代的氨基,氨基磺酰基,硝基;
或者,Z 2或Z 4选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被卤素取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基),经C1-C6烷基-O-、卤素、C1-C6烷基-S-或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基,
或者,Z 2,Z 3各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基);
或者,Z 1,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6烷基,取代的苯基羰基-氨基,-C1-C6烷基-O-羰基;
或者,Z 2,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基);
当n=1时,Z 1或Z 5选自以下,其余为-H:吡啶-4-基、吡啶-3-基、呋喃-2-基、呋喃-3-基、噻吩-2-基、噻吩-3-基、苯并呋喃基;
当n=2时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 4,Z 5各自为-H,Z 3为氨基磺酰基。
在一些实施方案中,R 3选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000010
在一些实施方案中,所述药学上可接受的盐为无机酸盐或有机酸盐,其中,所述无机酸盐为盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、硝酸盐、碳酸氢盐和碳酸盐、硫酸盐或磷酸盐,所述有机酸盐为甲酸盐、乙酸盐、丙酸盐、苯甲酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、琥珀酸盐、酒石酸盐、柠檬酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、α-酮戊二酸盐、α-甘油磷酸盐、烷基磺酸盐或芳基磺酸盐;优选地,所述烷基磺酸盐为甲基磺酸盐或乙基磺酸盐;所述芳基磺酸盐为苯磺酸盐或对甲苯磺酸盐。
第三方面,本发明提供了以下通式II结构的化合物、其立体异构体、其前药、或者其药学上可接受的盐或药学上可接受的溶剂合物:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000011
其中:
R 1选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;
R 2选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;
R 3选自:
1)
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000012
其中n=0,1或2,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5各自独立地选自:
(1)氢,氟,氯,溴,碘,硝基,氰基,氨基,羟基,羟基甲酰基,甲氧基甲酰基,乙氧基甲酰基,正丙氧基甲酰基,异丙氧基甲酰基,氨基甲酰基,N-甲基氨基甲酰基,N-乙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丙基氨基甲酰基,N-异丙基氨基甲酰基,N-环丙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丁基氨基甲酰基,N-异丁基氨基甲酰基,N-叔丁基氨基甲酰基,N-环丁基氨基甲酰基,N-正戊基氨基甲酰基,N-异戊基氨基甲酰基,N-环戊基氨基甲酰基,N-正己基氨基甲酰基,N-异己基氨基甲酰基,N-环己基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基甲酰基,环丙胺基甲酰基,环丁胺基甲酰基,环戊胺基甲酰基,环己胺基甲酰基,4-羟基哌啶基甲酰基,哌嗪基甲酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,甲磺酰基,乙磺酰基,正丙基磺酰基,异丙基磺酰基,正丁基磺酰基,异丁基磺酰基,羟基磺酰基,氨基磺酰基,N-甲基氨基磺酰基,N-乙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丙基氨基磺酰基,N-异丙基氨基磺酰基,N-环丙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丁基氨基磺酰基,N-异丁基氨基磺酰基,N-叔丁基氨基磺酰基,N-环丁基氨基磺酰基,N-正戊基氨基磺酰基,N-异戊基氨基磺酰基,N-环戊基氨基磺酰基,N-正己基氨基磺酰基,N-异己基氨基磺酰基,N-环己基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基磺酰基,环丙胺基磺酰基,环丁胺基磺酰基,环戊胺基磺酰基,环己胺基磺酰基,4-羟基哌啶基磺酰基,哌嗪基磺酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,甲酰胺基,乙酰胺基,丙酰胺基,正丁酰胺基,异丁酰胺基,环丙基甲酰胺基,环丁基甲酰胺基,环戊基甲酰胺基,环己基甲酰胺基,甲磺酰胺基,乙磺酰胺基,正丙磺酰胺基,异丙磺酰胺基,正丁磺酰胺基,异丁磺酰胺基;
(2)-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,C1-C3烷基,C1-C3烷氧基,C1-C3含氧烷基,C1-C3含氟烷基,C1-C3含氟烷氧基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基;
(3)包含选自N、O和S的一个或多个杂原子的五元或六元杂环,所述五元或六元杂环任选地被C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、氨基、C1-C6烷氧羰基、C1-C6酰基、氰基、任选被取代的杂环基取代,
包括但不限于:哌啶基,4-N,N-二甲基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二乙基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二异丙基氨基哌啶基,4-羟基哌啶基,4-(4-甲基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-异丙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(四氢吡咯基)哌啶基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基)哌啶基;
4-甲基哌嗪基,4-乙基哌嗪基,4-异丙基哌嗪基,4-乙酰基哌嗪基,4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基,4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基,4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,2-氧代-哌嗪-4-基,4-(N-甲基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基;
吗啡啉基,3,5-二甲基吗啡啉基,硫代吗啉基,四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基,3-N, N-二乙基氨基四氢吡咯基;
(4)杂芳基,例如但不限于吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基;
(5)Z 2与Z 3可以形成含氧的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
(6)Z 4与Z 5可以形成含氮的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
2)氢,C1-C6烷基,环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,环己基,N,N-二甲基氨基,N,N-二乙基氨基,N,N-二异丙基氨基,2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基,2-羟基乙基,2-吗啡啉基乙基,2-硫代吗啉基乙基,2-(4-甲基哌嗪基)乙基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二异丙基氨基丙基,3-羟基丙基,3-吗啡啉基丙基,3-硫代吗啉基丙基,3-(4-甲基哌嗪基)丙基,N-甲基-4-哌啶基,N-乙基-4-哌啶基,N-异丙基-4-哌啶基,N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基。
在一些实施方案中,R 1选自H,C1-C3烷基。
在一些实施方案中,R 1选自H,甲基、乙基。
在一些实施方案中,R 2选自H,C1-C3烷基。
在一些实施方案中,R 2选自H,甲基、乙基。
在一些实施方案中,R 3选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000013
其中n=0或1,
当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:羟基,-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基;
或者,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的2个独立地选自以下,其余为-H(更优选Z 2,Z 4各自或者Z 2,Z 3各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H):-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基),被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基);
当n=1时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个为苯并呋喃基,其余为-H。
在一些实施方案中,R 3选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000014
其中n=0或1,
当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 4,Z 5各自为-H,Z 3选自以下:羟基,-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基;
或者,Z 2,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基);
或者,Z 2,Z 3各自或Z 3,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基);
当n=1时,Z 1,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5各自为-H,Z 2为苯并呋喃基。
在一些实施方案中,R 3选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000016
在一些实施方案中,所述药学上可接受的盐为无机酸盐或有机酸盐,其中,所述无机酸盐为盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、硝酸盐、碳酸氢盐和碳酸盐、硫酸盐或磷酸盐,所述有机酸盐为甲酸盐、乙酸盐、丙酸盐、苯甲酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、琥珀酸盐、酒石酸盐、柠檬酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、α-酮戊二酸盐、α-甘油磷酸盐、烷基磺酸盐或芳基磺酸盐;优选地,所述烷基磺酸盐为甲基磺酸盐或乙基磺酸盐;所述芳基磺酸盐为苯磺酸盐或对甲苯磺酸盐。
第四方面,本发明提供了以下通式的化合物或上述化合物的立体异构体、其前药、其药学上可接受的盐或其药学上可接受的溶剂合物在制备用于治疗多药耐药癌症的药物中的用途:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000017
其中,X 1选自N,S;X 2选自N,S;且X 1与X 2不相同;
R 1选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;优选R 1选自H,C1-C3烷基;更优选R 1选自H,甲基、乙基;
R 2选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;优选R 2选自H,C1-C3烷基;更优选R 2选自H,甲基、乙基;
R 3选自:
1)
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000018
其中n=0,1或2,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5各自独立地选自:
(1)氢,氟,氯,溴,碘,硝基,氰基,氨基,任选被-C1-C6烷基、C1-C3烷基、-C1-C6烷基磺酰基或-C1-C6烷基羰基取代的氨基,羟基,羟基甲酰基,甲氧基甲酰基,乙氧基甲酰基,正丙氧基甲酰基,异丙氧基甲酰基,氨基甲酰基,N-甲基氨基甲酰基,N-乙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丙基氨基甲酰基,N-异丙基氨基甲酰基,N-环丙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丁基氨基甲酰基,N-异丁基氨基甲酰基,N-叔丁基氨基甲酰基,N-环丁基氨基甲酰基,N-正戊基氨基甲酰基,N-异戊基氨基甲酰基,N-环戊基氨基甲酰基,N-正己基氨基甲酰基,N-异己基氨基甲酰基,N-环己基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基甲酰基,环丙胺基甲酰基,环丁胺基甲酰基,环戊胺基甲酰基,环己胺基甲酰基,4-羟基哌啶基甲酰基,哌嗪基甲酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,甲磺酰基,乙磺酰基,正丙基磺酰基,异丙基磺酰基,正丁基磺酰基,异丁基磺酰基,羟基磺酰基,氨基磺酰基,N-甲基氨基磺酰基,N-乙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丙基氨基磺酰基,N-异丙基氨基磺酰基,N-环丙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丁基氨基磺酰基,N-异丁基氨基磺酰基,N-叔丁基氨基磺酰基,N-环丁基氨基磺酰基,N-正戊基氨基磺酰基,N-异戊基氨基磺酰基,N-环戊基氨基磺酰基,N-正己基氨基磺酰基,N-异己基氨基磺酰基,N-环己基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基磺酰基,环丙胺基磺酰基,环丁胺基磺酰基,环戊胺基磺酰基,环己胺基磺酰基,4-羟基哌啶基磺酰基,哌嗪基磺酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,甲酰胺基,乙酰胺基,丙酰胺基,正丁酰胺基,异丁酰胺基,环丙基甲酰胺基,环丁基甲酰胺基,环戊基甲酰胺基,环己基甲酰胺基,甲磺酰胺基,乙磺酰胺基,正丙磺酰胺基,异丙磺酰胺基,正丁磺酰胺基,异丁磺酰胺基,取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基,经C1-C6烷基-O-、卤素、C1-C6烷基-S-或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基;
(2)-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,C1-C3烷基,C1-C3烷氧基,C1-C3含氧烷基,C1-C3含氟烷基,C1-C3含氟烷氧基;
(3)包含选自N、O和S的一个或多个杂原子的五元或六元杂环,所述五元或六元杂环任选地被C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、氨基、C1-C6烷氧羰基、C1-C6酰基、氰基、任选被取代的杂环基取代,
包括但不限于:哌啶基,4-N,N-二甲基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二乙基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二异丙基氨基哌啶基,4-羟基哌啶基,4-(4-甲基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-异丙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(四氢吡咯基)哌啶基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基)哌啶基;
4-甲基哌嗪基,4-乙基哌嗪基,4-异丙基哌嗪基,4-乙酰基哌嗪基,4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基,4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基,4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,2-氧代-哌嗪-4-基,4-(N-甲基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基;
吗啡啉基,3,5-二甲基吗啡啉基,硫代吗啉基,四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二甲基四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二乙基四氢吡咯基;
(4)杂芳基,例如但不限于吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基;
(5)Z 2与Z 3可以形成含氧的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
(6)Z 4与Z 5可以形成含氮的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
2)氢,C1-C6烷基,环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,环己基,N,N-二甲基氨基,N,N-二乙基氨基,N,N-二异丙基氨基,2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基,2-羟基乙基,2-吗啡啉基乙基,2-硫代吗啉基乙基,2-(4-甲基哌嗪基)乙基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二异丙基氨基丙基,3-羟基丙基,3-吗啡啉基丙基,3-硫代吗啉基丙基,3-(4-甲基哌嗪基)丙基,N-甲基-4-哌啶基,N-乙基-4-哌啶基,N-异丙基-4-哌啶基,N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基。
在一些实施方案中,上述化合物为结合秋水仙碱位点的微管抑制剂。
在一些实施方案中,所述多药耐药癌症选自耐紫杉醇的癌症、耐阿霉素的癌症。
在一些实施方案中,所述多药耐药癌症选自耐紫杉醇的宫颈癌、耐紫杉醇的卵巢癌和耐阿霉素的慢性粒细胞白血病。
第五方面,本发明提供了以下式I的化合物或上述化合物的立体异构体、其前药、其药学上可接受的盐或其药学上可接受的溶剂合物在制备用于治疗多药耐药癌症的药物中的用途:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000019
其中:
R 1选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;优选R 1选自H,C1-C3烷基;更优选R 1选自H,甲基、乙基;
R 2选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;优选R 2选自H,C1-C3烷基;更优选R 2选自H,甲基、乙基;
R 3选自:
1)
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000020
其中n=0,1或2,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5各自独立地选自:
(1)氢,氟,氯,溴,碘,硝基,氰基,氨基,任选被-C1-C6烷基、C1-C3烷基、-C1-C6烷基磺酰基或-C1-C6烷基羰基取代的氨基,羟基,羟基甲酰基,甲氧基甲酰基,乙氧基甲酰基,正丙氧基甲酰基,异丙氧基甲酰基,氨基甲酰基,N-甲基氨基甲酰基,N-乙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丙基氨基甲酰基,N-异丙基氨基甲酰基,N-环丙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丁基氨基甲酰基,N-异丁基氨基甲酰基,N-叔丁基氨基甲酰基,N-环丁基氨基甲酰基,N-正戊基氨基甲酰基,N-异戊基氨基甲酰基,N-环戊基氨基甲酰基,N-正己基氨基甲酰基,N-异己基氨基甲酰基,N-环己基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基甲酰基,环丙胺基甲酰基,环丁胺基甲酰基,环戊胺基甲酰基,环己胺基甲酰基,4-羟基哌啶基甲酰基,哌嗪基甲酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,甲磺酰基,乙磺酰基,正丙基磺酰基,异丙基磺酰基,正丁基磺酰基,异丁基磺酰基,羟基磺酰基,氨基磺酰基,N-甲基氨基磺酰基,N-乙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丙基氨基磺酰基,N-异丙基氨基磺酰基,N-环丙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丁基氨基磺酰基,N-异丁基氨基磺酰基,N-叔丁基氨基磺酰基,N-环丁基氨基磺酰基,N-正戊基氨基磺酰基,N-异戊基氨基磺酰基,N-环戊基氨基磺酰基,N-正己基氨基磺酰基,N-异己基氨基磺酰基,N-环己基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基磺酰基,环丙胺基磺酰基,环丁胺基磺酰基,环戊胺基磺酰基,环己胺基磺酰基,4-羟基哌啶基磺酰基,哌嗪基磺酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,甲酰胺基,乙酰胺基,丙酰胺基,正丁酰胺基,异丁酰胺基,环丙基甲酰胺基,环丁基甲酰胺基,环戊基甲酰胺基,环己基甲酰胺基,甲磺酰胺基,乙磺酰胺基,正丙磺酰胺基,异丙磺酰胺基,正丁磺酰胺基,异丁磺酰胺基,取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基,经C1-C6烷基-O-、卤素、C1-C6烷基-S-或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基;
(2)-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,C1-C3烷基,C1-C3烷氧基,C1-C3含氧烷基,C1-C3含氟烷基,C1-C3含氟烷氧基;
(3)包含选自N、O和S的一个或多个杂原子的五元或六元杂环,所述五元或六元杂环任选地被C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、氨基、C1-C6烷氧羰基、C1-C6酰基、氰基、任选被取代的杂环基取代,
包括但不限于:哌啶基,4-N,N-二甲基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二乙基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二异丙基氨基哌啶基,4-羟基哌啶基,4-(4-甲基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-异丙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(四氢吡咯基)哌啶基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基)哌啶基;
4-甲基哌嗪基,4-乙基哌嗪基,4-异丙基哌嗪基,4-乙酰基哌嗪基,4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基,4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基,4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,2-氧代-哌嗪-4-基,4-(N-甲基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基;
吗啡啉基,3,5-二甲基吗啡啉基,硫代吗啉基,四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基四氢吡咯基;
(4)杂芳基,例如但不限于吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基;
(5)Z 2与Z 3可以形成含氧的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
(6)Z 4与Z 5可以形成含氮的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
2)氢,C1-C6烷基,环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,环己基,N,N-二甲基氨基,N,N-二乙基氨基,N,N-二异丙基氨基,2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基,2-羟基乙基,2-吗啡啉基乙基,2-硫代吗啉基乙基,2-(4-甲基哌嗪基)乙基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二异丙基氨基丙基,3-羟基丙基,3-吗啡啉基丙基,3-硫代吗啉基丙基,3-(4-甲基哌嗪基)丙基,N-甲基-4-哌啶基,N-乙基-4-哌啶基,N-异丙基-4-哌啶基,N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基;
R 3优选选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000021
其中n=0,1或2,
当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:羟基,-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,氨基,任选被-C1-C6烷基、-C1-C6烷基磺酰基或-C1-C6烷基羰基取代的氨基,氨基磺酰基,硝基,取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被卤素取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基),经C1-C6烷基-O-、卤素、C1-C6烷基-S-或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基;
或者,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的2个独立地选自以下,其余为-H(更优选Z 2,Z 3各自或者Z 1,Z 4各自或者Z 2,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H):-C1-C6含氟烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基),-C1-C6烷基,取代的苯基羰基-氨基,-C1-C6烷基-O-羰基,-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基);
当n=1时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基;
当n=2时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:氨基磺酰基;
R 3更优选选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000022
其中n=0或1,
当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 4,Z 5各自为-H,Z 3选自以下:羟基,-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,氨基,任选被-C1-C6烷基、-C1-C6烷基磺酰基或-C1-C6烷基羰基取代的氨基,氨基磺酰基,硝基;
或者,Z 2或Z 4选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被卤素取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基),经C1-C6烷基-O-、卤素、C1-C6烷基-S-或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基,
或者,Z 2,Z 3各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基);
或者,Z 1,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6烷基,取代的苯基羰基-氨基,-C1-C6烷基-O-羰基;
或者,Z 2,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更 优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基);
当n=1时,Z 1或Z 5选自以下,其余为-H:吡啶-4-基、吡啶-3-基、呋喃-2-基、呋喃-3-基、噻吩-2-基、噻吩-3-基、苯并呋喃基;
当n=2时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 4,Z 5各自为-H,Z 3为氨基磺酰基;R 3最优选选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000023
在一些实施方案中,在上述式I的化合物中,R 3优选选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000024
其中n=0,1或2,
当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷 基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,任选被-C1-C6烷基取代的氨基,硝基,经C1-C6烷基-O-取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基;
或者,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的2个独立地选自以下,其余为-H(更优选Z 2,Z 3各自或者Z 1,Z 4各自或者Z 2,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H):-C1-C6含氟烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基),-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基);
当n=1时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基;
R 3更优选选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000025
其中n=0或1,
当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 4,Z 5各自为-H,Z 3选自以下:-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,任选被-C1-C6烷基取代的氨基,硝基,经C1-C6烷基-O-取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基;
或者,Z 2或Z 4选自以下,其余为-H:经C1-C6烷基-O-、C1-C6烷基-S-或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基;
或者,Z 2,Z 3各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基);
或者,Z 2,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基);
当n=1时,Z 1或Z 5选自以下,其余为-H:吡啶-4-基、吡啶-3-基、呋喃-2-基、呋喃-3-基、噻吩-2-基、噻吩-3-基、苯并呋喃基;
R 3最优选选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000027
在一些实施方案中,上述化合物为结合秋水仙碱位点的微管抑制剂。
在一些实施方案中,所述多药耐药癌症选自耐紫杉醇的癌症、耐阿霉素的癌症。
在一些实施方案中,所述多药耐药癌症选自耐紫杉醇的宫颈癌、耐紫杉醇的卵巢癌和耐阿霉素的慢性粒细胞白血病。
第六方面,本发明提供了以下式II的化合物或上述化合物的立体异构体、其前药、其药学上可接受的盐或其药学上可接受的溶剂合物在制备用于治疗多药耐药癌症的药物中的用途:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000028
其中:
R 1选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;优选R 1选自H,C1-C3烷基;更优选R 1选自H,甲基、乙基;
R 2选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;优选R 2选自H,C1-C3烷基;更优选R 2选自H,甲基、乙基;
R 3选自:
1)
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000029
其中n=0,1或2,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5各自独立地选自:
(1)氢,氟,氯,溴,碘,硝基,氰基,氨基,羟基,羟基甲酰基,甲氧基甲酰基,乙氧基甲酰基,正丙氧基甲酰基,异丙氧基甲酰基,氨基甲酰基,N-甲基氨基甲酰基,N-乙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丙基氨基甲酰基,N-异丙基氨基甲酰基,N-环丙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丁基氨基甲酰基,N-异丁基氨基甲酰基,N-叔丁基氨基甲酰基,N-环丁基氨基甲酰基,N-正戊基氨基甲酰基,N-异戊基氨基甲酰基,N-环戊基氨基甲酰基,N-正己基氨基甲酰基,N-异己基氨基甲酰基,N-环己基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基甲酰基,环丙胺基甲酰基,环丁胺基甲酰基,环戊胺基甲酰基,环己胺基甲酰基,4-羟基哌啶基甲酰基,哌嗪基甲酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,甲磺酰基,乙磺酰基,正丙基磺酰基,异丙基磺酰基,正丁基磺酰基,异丁基磺酰基,羟基磺酰基,氨基磺酰基,N-甲基氨基磺酰基,N-乙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丙基氨基磺酰基,N-异丙基氨基磺酰基,N-环丙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丁基氨基磺酰基,N-异丁基氨基磺酰基,N-叔丁基氨基磺酰基,N-环丁基氨基磺酰基,N-正戊基氨基磺酰基,N-异戊基氨基磺酰基,N-环戊基氨基磺酰基,N-正己基氨基磺酰基,N-异己基氨基磺酰基,N-环己基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基磺酰基,环丙胺基磺酰基,环丁胺基磺酰基,环戊胺基磺酰基,环己胺基磺酰基,4-羟基哌啶基磺酰基,哌嗪基磺酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,甲酰胺基,乙酰胺基,丙酰胺基,正丁酰胺基,异丁酰胺基,环丙基甲酰胺基,环丁基甲酰胺基,环戊基甲酰胺基,环己基甲酰胺基,甲磺酰胺基,乙磺酰胺基,正丙磺酰胺基,异丙磺酰胺基,正丁磺酰胺基,异丁磺酰胺基;
(2)-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,C1-C3烷基,C1-C3烷氧基,C1-C3含氧烷基,C1-C3含氟烷基,C1-C3含氟烷氧基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基;
(3)包含选自N、O和S的一个或多个杂原子的五元或六元杂环,所述五元或六元杂环任选地被C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、氨基、C1-C6烷氧羰基、C1-C6酰基、氰基、任选被取代的杂环基取代,
包括但不限于:哌啶基,4-N,N-二甲基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二乙基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二异丙基氨基哌啶基,4-羟基哌啶基,4-(4-甲基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-异丙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(四氢吡咯基)哌啶基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基)哌啶基;
4-甲基哌嗪基,4-乙基哌嗪基,4-异丙基哌嗪基,4-乙酰基哌嗪基,4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基,4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基,4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,2-氧代-哌嗪-4-基,4-(N-甲基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基;
吗啡啉基,3,5-二甲基吗啡啉基,硫代吗啉基,四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基四氢吡咯基;
(4)杂芳基,例如但不限于吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基;
(5)Z 2与Z 3可以形成含氧的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
(6)Z 4与Z 5可以形成含氮的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
2)氢,C1-C6烷基,环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,环己基,N,N-二甲基氨基,N,N-二乙基氨基,N,N-二异丙基氨基,2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基,2-羟基乙基,2-吗啡啉基乙基,2-硫代吗啉基乙基,2-(4-甲基哌嗪基)乙基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二异丙基氨基丙基,3-羟基丙基,3-吗啡啉基丙基,3-硫代吗啉基丙基,3-(4-甲基哌嗪基)丙基,N-甲基-4-哌啶基,N-乙基-4-哌啶基,N-异丙基-4-哌啶基,N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基;
R 3优选选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000030
其中n=0或1,
当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:羟基,-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基;
或者,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的2个独立地选自以下,其余为-H(更优选Z 2,Z 4各自或者Z 2,Z 3各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H):-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基),被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基);
当n=1时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个为苯并呋喃基,其余为-H;
R 3更优选选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000031
其中n=0或1,
当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 4,Z 5各自为-H,Z 3选自以下:羟基,-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基;
或者,Z 2,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基);
或者,Z 2,Z 3各自或Z 3,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基);
当n=1时,Z 1,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5各自为-H,Z 2为苯并呋喃基;
R 3最优选选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000032
在一些实施方案中,在上述式II的化合物中,R 3优选选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000033
其中n=0,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的2个独立地选自以下,其余为-H(更优选Z 2,Z 4各自或者Z 2,Z 3各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H):-C1-C6含氟烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基);
R 3更优选选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000034
其中n=0,Z 2,Z 3各自或Z 3,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基);
R 3最优选选自:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000035
在一些实施方案中,上述化合物为结合秋水仙碱位点的微管抑制剂。
在一些实施方案中,所述多药耐药癌症选自耐紫杉醇的癌症、耐阿霉素的癌症。
在一些实施方案中,所述多药耐药癌症选自耐紫杉醇的宫颈癌、耐紫杉醇的卵巢癌和耐阿霉素的慢性粒细胞白血病。
第七方面,本发明提供了上述第四方面、第五方面、第六方面所述的化合物或其立体异构体、其前药、其药学上可接受的盐或其药学上可接受的溶剂合物,用于治疗多药耐药癌症的药物。
在一些实施方案中,上述化合物为结合秋水仙碱位点的微管抑制剂。
在一些实施方案中,所述多药耐药癌症选自耐紫杉醇的癌症、耐阿霉素的癌症。
在一些实施方案中,所述多药耐药癌症选自耐紫杉醇的宫颈癌、耐紫杉醇的卵巢癌和耐阿霉素的慢性粒细胞白血病。
第八方面,本发明提供了治疗多药耐药癌症的方法,包括将上述第四方面、第五方面、第六方面所 述的化合物或其立体异构体、其前药、其药学上可接受的盐或其药学上可接受的溶剂合物施用于有此需要的受试者。
在一些实施方案中,上述化合物为结合秋水仙碱位点的微管抑制剂。
在一些实施方案中,所述多药耐药癌症选自耐紫杉醇的癌症、耐阿霉素的癌症。
在一些实施方案中,所述多药耐药癌症选自耐紫杉醇的宫颈癌、耐紫杉醇的卵巢癌和耐阿霉素的慢性粒细胞白血病。
第九方面,本发明提供了上述第四方面、第五方面、第六方面所述的化合物或其立体异构体、其前药、其药学上可接受的盐或其药学上可接受的溶剂合物在制备用于治疗癌症的药物中的用途,其中所述癌症选自:宫颈癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌细胞、肾母细胞瘤、子宫内膜癌、子宫肉瘤、人T淋巴瘤、以及微管抑制剂在临床上可治疗的癌症诸如胆管癌、脑癌、食道癌、头颈癌、肠癌、肾癌、淋巴瘤、肌肉癌、神经系统癌、胰腺癌、胸膜癌、皮肤癌、甲状腺癌、泌尿道癌、子宫癌、女外阴癌。
第十方面,本发明提供了上述第四方面、第五方面、第六方面所述的化合物或其立体异构体、其前药、其药学上可接受的盐或其药学上可接受的溶剂合物,用于治疗癌症,其中所述癌症选自:宫颈癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌细胞、肾母细胞瘤、子宫内膜癌、子宫肉瘤、人T淋巴瘤、以及微管抑制剂在临床上可治疗的癌症诸如胆管癌、脑癌、食道癌、头颈癌、肠癌、肾癌、淋巴瘤、肌肉癌、神经系统癌、胰腺癌、胸膜癌、皮肤癌、甲状腺癌、泌尿道癌、子宫癌、女外阴癌。
第十一方面,本发明提供了治疗癌症的方法,包括将上述第四方面、第五方面、第六方面所述的化合物或其立体异构体、其前药、其药学上可接受的盐或其药学上可接受的溶剂合物施用于有此需要的受试者,其中所述癌症选自:宫颈癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌细胞、肾母细胞瘤、子宫内膜癌、子宫肉瘤、人T淋巴瘤、以及微管抑制剂在临床上可治疗的癌症诸如胆管癌、脑癌、食道癌、头颈癌、肠癌、肾癌、淋巴瘤、肌肉癌、神经系统癌、胰腺癌、胸膜癌、皮肤癌、甲状腺癌、泌尿道癌、子宫癌、女外阴癌。
第十二方面,本发明提供了一种蛋白质-药物分子复合物,其由与以下化合物络合的αβ-微管蛋白、stathmin样蛋白RB3和微管蛋白酪氨酸连接酶(T2R-TTL)组成:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000036
除非特殊说明,上述基团和取代基具有药物化学领域的普通含义。
术语“C 1-C 6烷基”指的是任意的含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链基团,例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、叔戊基、正己基等。
术语“C 1-C 3烷基”指的是任意的含有1-3个碳原子的直链或支链基团,例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基等。
需要说明的是,“含氧烷基”是指是指烷基骨架被一个或多个烷氧基取代所成的基团,例如,甲氧基乙基,甲氧基乙氧基甲基等。
例如,C1-C6含氧烷基是指是指C1-C6烷基骨架被一个或多个C1-C6烷氧基取代所成的基团,例如,甲氧基乙基,甲氧基乙氧基甲基等。类似地,C1-C3含氧烷基是指是指C1-C3烷基骨架被一个或多个C1-C6烷氧基取代所成的基团。
“含氟烷基”是指烷基骨架被一个或多个氟基取代所成的基团,例如,单氟甲基,二氟乙基,三氟甲基等。
术语“C 3-C 6环烷基”是指具有饱和环的3-6元单环系统的烃,C 3-C 6环烷基可以为环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基等。
术语“氰基”指的是-CN残基。
术语“硝基”指的是-NO 2基团。
术语“烷氧基”、“环基氧基”及其衍生物指的是任意上述烷基(例如C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 3烷基等)、环烷基(例如C 3-C 6环烷基),其通过氧原子(-O-)连接到分子的其余部分。
术语″杂芳基″是指芳族的杂环,通常为具有1至3个选自N、O或S的杂原子的5-、6-、7-、8-元的杂环;杂芳基环可以任选地进一步稠合或连接于芳族和非芳族的碳环和杂环。所述杂芳基的非限制性的实例为例如吡啶基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、吲哚基、咪唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、噻噁唑基、吡 咯基、苯基-吡咯基、呋喃基、苯基-呋喃基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、吡唑基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并1,3-二氧戊环(苯并二噁茂)、异二氢吲哚基、苯并咪唑基、吲唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、1,2,3-三唑基、1-苯基-1,2,3-三唑基、2,3-二氢吲哚基、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃基、2,3-二氢苯并噻吩基、苯并吡喃基、2,3-二氢苯并噁嗪基、2,3-二氢喹喔啉基等。
术语“杂环基”(也称作“杂环烷基”)指的是3-、4-、5-、6-和7-元饱和或部分不饱和碳环,其中一个或多个碳原子被杂原子例如氮、氧和硫替代。杂环基的非限制性实例是,例如吡喃、吡咯烷、吡咯啉、咪唑啉、咪唑烷、吡唑烷、吡唑啉、噻唑啉、噻唑烷、二氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、1,3-二氧戊环、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、吗啡啉基、四氢吡咯基、硫吗啉基等。
例如,“6元杂环基”指的是6-元饱和或部分不饱和碳环,其中一个或多个碳原子被杂原子例如氮、氧和硫替代。6元杂环基的非限制性实例是,例如吡喃、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、吗啡啉基、硫吗啉基等。
“5元杂环基”指的是5-元饱和或部分不饱和碳环,其中一个或多个碳原子被杂原子例如氮、氧和硫替代。5元杂环基的非限制性实例是,例如吡咯烷、吡咯啉、咪唑啉、咪唑烷、吡唑烷、吡唑啉、噻唑啉、噻唑烷、1,3-二氧戊环等。
术语“任选被取代的杂环基”指的是上述“杂环基”被一个或多个“C1-C6烷基”、“C1-C3烷基”、“C3-C6环烷基”等取代。
术语“C1-C6含氟烷基”是指C1-C6烷基骨架被一个或多个氟基取代所成的基团,例如,四氟化碳,单氟甲基,二氟乙基,三氟甲基等。
类似地,术语“C1-C3含氟烷基”是指C1-C3烷基骨架被一个或多个氟基取代所成的基团,例如,四氟化碳,单氟甲基,二氟乙基,三氟甲基等。
术语“C1-C6酰基”指的是-C(=O)-H和-C(=O)-C1-C5烷基,例如甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、丁酰基等。
术语“磺酰基”指的是和-S(=O) 2-。
术语“C1-C6烷基磺酰基”指的是和-S(=O) 2-C1-C6烷基,例如甲磺酰基、乙磺酰基、丙磺酰基、丁磺酰基等。
术语“烷氧基”、“环基氧基”及其衍生物指的是任意上述烷基(例如C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 3烷基等)、环烷基(例如C 3-C 6环烷基),其通过氧原子(-O-)连接到分子的其余部分。
从所有上述描述中,对本领域技术人员显而易见的是,其名称是复合名称的任意基团,例如“含氟含氧烷基”,应该指的是常规地从其衍生的部分例如从被氟基取代的含氧烷基来构建,其中烷基如上文所定义。类似地,还有“含氟烷氧基”。又例如,“芳基氨基”,应该指的是常规地从其衍生的部分例如从被芳基取代的氨基来构建,其中芳基如上文所定义。类似地,可以理解“杂芳氨基”的含义。类似地,可以理解“羟基磺酰基”、“氨基磺酰基”等的含义。
同样,任意术语例如烷基氨基、二烷基氨基、烷氧基羰基、烷氧基羰基氨基、杂环基羰基、杂环基羰基氨基、环烷基氧基羰基、烷氧基甲酰基等包括基团,其中烷基、烷氧基、芳基、C 3-C 7环烷基和杂环基部分如上文所定义。
根据本发明和除非另有提供,任意上述基团可以任选地在其任意自由位置上被一个或多个基团取代,例如被1-6个基团取代,该基团独立地选自:卤素原子、硝基、氧代(=O)、氰基、C1-C6烷基、多氟化烷基、多氟化烷氧基、烯基、炔基、羟基烷基、羟基烷基氨基、羟基杂环基、芳基、芳基-烷基、杂芳基、杂芳基-烷基、杂环基、杂环基-烷基、C3-C7环烷基、环烷基-烷基、烷基-芳基、烷基-杂芳基、烷基-杂环基、烷基-环烷基、烷基-芳基-烷基、烷基-杂芳基-烷基、烷基-杂环基-烷基、烷基-环烷基-烷基、烷基-杂环基-杂环基、杂环基-杂环基、杂环基-烷基-杂环基、杂环基-烷基氨基、烷基-杂环基-烷基-氨基、羟基、烷氧基、芳氧基、杂环基氧基、烷基-杂环基氧基、亚甲二氧基、烷基羰基氧基、芳基羰基氧基、环烯基氧基、杂环基羰基氧基、亚烷基氨基氧基、羧基、烷氧基羰基、芳氧基羰基、环烷基氧基羰基、杂环基氧基羰基、氨基、脲基、烷基氨基、氨基-烷基氨基、二烷基氨基、二烷基氨基-杂环基、二烷基氨基-烷基氨基、芳基氨基、芳基烷基氨基、二芳基氨基、杂环基氨基、烷基-杂环基氨基、烷基-杂环基羰基、甲酰基氨基、烷基羰基氨基、芳基羰基氨基、杂环基羰基氨基、烷基-杂环基羰基氨基、氨基羰基、烷基氨基羰基、二烷基氨基羰基、芳基氨基羰基、杂环基氨基羰基、烷氧基羰基氨基、烷氧基羰基氨基-烷基氨基、烷氧基羰基杂环基-烷基氨基、烷氧基-芳基-烷基、羟基氨基-羰基、烷氧基亚氨基、烷基磺酰基氨基、芳基磺酰基氨基、杂环基磺酰基氨基、甲酰基、烷基羰基、芳基羰基、环烷基羰基、杂环基羰基、烷基磺酰基、芳基磺酰基、氨基磺酰基、烷基氨基磺酰基、二烷基氨基磺酰基、芳基氨基磺酰基、杂环基氨基磺酰基、芳硫基、烷硫基、膦酸酯基和烷基膦酸酯基。
进而,如果适合,上述取代基各自可以进一步被一个或多个上述举出的基团取代。
从所有上述描述中,对本领域技术人员显而易见的是,其名称是复合名称的任意基团,例如“含氟含氧烷基”,应该指的是常规地从其衍生的部分例如从被氟基取代的含氧烷基来构建,其中烷基如上文所定义。
术语“含氧的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环”或“含氮的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环”指的是5-或6-元饱和或部分不饱和碳环,其中一个或多个碳原子被氧或氮替代。非限制性实例是,例如吡喃、吡咯烷、吡咯啉、咪唑啉、咪唑烷、吡唑烷、吡唑啉、二氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、1,3-二氧戊环、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、四氢吡咯基等。
如本文所使用,除非另外说明,术语“前药”是指可以在生物学条件(体外或体内)下水解、氧化或进行其他反应以提供本发明的化合物的衍生物。前药仅在生物学条件下经过该反应成为活性化合物,或者它们在它们不反应的形式中具有活性。通常可以使用公知的方法制备前药,例如Burger′s Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery(1995)172-178,949-982(Manfred E.Wolff编,第5版)中描述的那些方法。
如本文所使用,术语“式(I)化合物的药学上可以接受的盐”的例子是由形成药学上可以接受的阴离子的有机酸形成的有机酸加合盐,包括但不限于甲酸盐、乙酸盐、丙酸盐、苯甲酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、琥珀酸盐、酒石酸盐、柠檬酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、α-酮戊二酸盐、α-甘油磷酸盐、烷基磺酸盐或芳基磺酸盐;优选地,所述烷基磺酸盐为甲基磺酸盐或乙基磺酸盐;所述芳基磺酸盐为苯磺酸盐或对甲苯磺酸盐。也可形成合适的无机盐,包括但不限于盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、硝酸盐、碳酸氢盐和碳酸盐、硫酸盐或磷酸盐等。
药学上可以接受的盐可使用本领域熟知的标准程序获得,例如,通过将足量的碱性化合物和提供药学上可以接受的阴离子的合适的酸反应。
本文使用的术语“治疗”一般是指获得需要的药理和/或生理效应。该效应根据完全或部分地预防疾病或其症状,可以是预防性的;和/或根据部分或完全稳定或治愈疾病和/或由于疾病产生的副作用,可以是治疗性的。本文使用的“治疗”涵盖了对患者疾病的任何治疗,包括:(a)预防易感染疾病或症状但还没诊断出患病的患者所发生的疾病或症状;(b)抑制疾病的症状,即阻止其发展;或(c)缓解疾病的症状,即,导致疾病或症状退化。
按照本发明的一种具体技术方案,所述化合物、其立体异构体、其前药、或者其药学上可接受的盐或药学上可接受的溶剂合物,其中所述化合物为下面实施例中所述化合物之一。
另一方面,本发明提供了药物组合物,其包含上述任一技术方案所述的化合物、其立体异构体、其前药、或者其药学上可接受的盐或药学上可接受的溶剂合物,和药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。
制备各种含有一定量的活性成分的药物组合物的方法是已知的,或根据本发明的公开内容对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的。如REMINGTON’S PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES,Martin,E.W.,ed.,Mack Publishing Company,19th ed.(1995)所述,制备所述药物组合物的方法包括掺入适当的药学赋形剂、载体、稀释剂等。
以已知的方法制造本发明的药物制剂,包括常规的混合、溶解或冻干方法。本发明的化合物可以制成药物组合物,并向患者以适于选定的施用方式的各种途径施用,例如,口服或肠胃外(通过静脉内、肌内、局部或皮下途径)。
因此,本发明的化合物结合药学上可以接受的载体(如惰性稀释剂或可同化的可食用的载体)可以全身施用,例如,口服。它们可以封闭在硬或软壳的明胶胶囊中,可以压为片剂。对于口服治疗施用,活性化合物可以结合一种或多种赋形剂,并以可吞咽的片剂、颊含片剂、含片、胶囊剂、酏剂、悬浮剂、糖浆、圆片等的形式使用。这种组合物和制剂应该包含至少0.1%的活性化合物。这种组合物和制剂的比例当然可以变化,可以占给定的单位剂型重量的大约1%至大约99%。在这种治疗有用的组合物中,活性化合物的量使得能够获得有效剂量水平。
片剂、含片、丸剂、胶囊剂等也可以包含:粘合剂,如黄蓍胶、阿拉伯胶、玉米淀粉或明胶;赋形剂,如磷酸氢二钙;崩解剂,如玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、藻酸等;润滑剂,如硬脂酸镁;和甜味剂,如蔗糖、果糖、乳糖或阿司帕坦;或调味剂,如薄荷、冬青油或樱桃香味。当单位剂型是胶囊时,除了上面类型的材料,它还可以包含液体载体,如植物油或聚乙二醇。各种其他材料可以存在,作为包衣,或以其他方式改变固体单位剂型的物理形式。例如,片剂、丸剂或胶囊剂可以用明胶、蜡、虫胶或糖等包衣。糖浆或酏剂可以包含活性化合物,蔗糖或果糖作为甜味剂,对羟苯甲酸甲酯或对羟苯甲酸丙酯作为防腐剂,染料和调味剂(如樱桃香料或桔子香料)。当然,用于制备任何单位剂型的任何材料应该是药学上可以接受的且以应用的量基本上无毒。此外,活性化合物可以掺入缓释制剂和缓释装置中。
活性化合物也可以通过输注或注射来静脉内或腹膜内施用。可以制备活性化合物或其盐的水溶液, 任选地混和无毒的表面活性剂。也可以制备在甘油、液体聚乙二醇、甘油三乙酸酯及其混合物以及油中的分散剂。在普通的储存和使用条件下,这些制剂包含防腐剂以防止微生物生长。
适于注射或输注的药物剂型可以包括包含适于无菌的可注射或可输注的溶液或分散剂的即时制剂的活性成分(任选封装在脂质体中)的无菌水溶液或分散剂或无菌粉末。在所有情况下,最终的剂型在生产和储存条件下必须是无菌的、液体的和稳定的。液体载体可以是溶剂或液体分散介质,包括,例如水、乙醇、多元醇(例如,甘油、丙二醇、液体聚乙二醇等)、植物油、无毒的甘油酯及其合适的混合物。可以维持合适的流动性,例如,通过脂质体的形成,通过在分散剂的情况下维持所需的粒子大小,或通过表面活性剂的使用。可以通过各种抗细菌剂和抗真菌剂(如对羟苯甲酸酯、氯丁醇、苯酚、山梨酸、硫柳汞等)产生预防微生物的作用。在许多情况下,优选包括等渗剂,如糖、缓冲剂或氯化钠。通过使用延缓吸收剂的组合物(例如,单硬脂酸铝和明胶)可以产生可注射的组合物的延长吸收。
通过将合适的溶剂中的需要量的活性化合物与需要的上面列举的各种其他成分结合,然后进行过滤灭菌,制备无菌可注射溶液。在用于制备无菌注射溶液的无菌粉末的情况下,优选的制备方法是真空干燥和冷冻干燥技术,这会产生活性成分加上任何另外需要的以前无菌过滤溶液中存在的成分的粉末。
有用的固体载体包括粉碎的固体(如滑石、粘土、微晶纤维素、二氧化硅、氧化铝等)。有用的液体载体包括水、乙醇或乙二醇或水-乙醇/乙二醇混合物,本发明的化合物可以任选在无毒的表面活性剂的帮助下以有效含量溶解或分散在其中。可以加入佐剂(如香味)和另外的抗微生物剂来优化对于给定用途的性质。
增稠剂(如合成的聚合物、脂肪酸、脂肪酸盐和酯、脂肪醇、改性纤维素或改性无机材料)也可和液体载体用于形成可涂覆的糊剂、凝胶、软膏、肥皂等,直接用于使用者的皮肤上。
化合物或其活性盐或衍生物的治疗需要量,不仅取决于选择的特定的盐,而且取决于施药方式、待治疗的疾病的本质和患者的年龄和状态,最终取决于在场医师或临床医生的决定。
上述制剂可以以单位剂型存在,该单位剂型是含有单位剂量的物理分散单元,适于向人体和其它哺乳动物体给药。单位剂型可以是胶囊或片剂,或是很多胶囊或片剂。根据所涉及的具体治疗,活性成分的单位剂量的量可以在大约0.1到大约1000毫克或更多之间进行变化或调整。
此外,还包括各种药物新剂型如乳脂质体、微球和纳米球的应用,如使用微粒分散体系包括聚合物胶束(polymeric micelles)、纳米乳(nanoemulsion)、亚微乳(submicroemuls微囊(microcapsule)、微球(microsphere)、脂质体(liposomes)和类脂囊泡(niosomes)(又称非离子表面活性剂囊泡)等制备的药剂。
另一方面,本发明还提供了上述任一技术方案所述化合物的制备方法,包括下面步骤:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000037
反应条件:(a)碱性条件下(三乙胺,二异丙基乙基胺等)酰胺缩合反应;
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000038
反应条件:(a)碱性条件下(三乙胺,二异丙基乙基胺等)酰胺缩合反应。
实验部分
就如下涉及的实施例而言,使用本文所述的方法或本领域众所周知的其他方法合成本发明的化合物。
通用纯化和分析方法
在硅胶GF254预涂覆板(青岛海洋化工厂)上进行薄层色谱。在中压下经硅胶(300-400目,烟台芝黄务硅胶开发试剂厂)进行柱色谱分离或通过使用ISCO Combiflash Rf200快速纯化系统用预装的硅胶筒(ISCO或Welch)进行柱色谱分离。成分通过UV光(λ:254nm)和通过碘蒸气显影。 当必要时,将化合物通过制备型HPLC制备经Waters Symmetry C18(19x50mm,5μm)柱或经Waters X Terra RP 18(30x150mm,5μm)柱纯化,使用装配有996Waters PDA检测器的Waters制备型HPLC 600和Micromass mod.ZMD单四级质谱(电喷雾离子化,阳离子模式)。方法1:相A:0.1%TFA/MeOH 95/5;相B:MeOH/H 2O 95/5。梯度:10至90%B进行8min,保持90%B 2min;流速20mL/min。方法2:相A:0.05%NH 4OH/MeOH 95/5;相B:MeOH/H 2O 95/5。梯度:10至100%B进行8min,保持100%B 2min。流速20mL/min。
1H-NMR谱在600MHz操作的Bruker Avance 600谱仪(对于 1H而言)进行记录。将四甲基硅烷信号用作参比(δ=0ppm)。化学位移(δ)以百万分率(ppm)进行报道且偶合常数(J)以Hz计。以下缩写用于峰裂分:s=单;br.s.=宽信号;d=双;t=三;m=多重;dd=双双。
电喷雾(ESI)质谱经Finnigan LCQ离子阱获得。
除非另外说明,所有最终化合物均是均质的(纯度不低于95%),由高效液相色谱(HPLC)所确定。用于评价化合物纯度的HPLC-UV-MS分析通过组合离子阱MS设备与HPLC系统SSP4000(Thermo Separation Products)来进行,所述HPLC系统装配有自动进样器LC Pal(CTC Analytics)和UV6000LP二极管阵列检测器(UV检测215-400nm)。用Xcalibur 1.2软件(Finnigan)进行设备控制、数据采集和处理。HPLC色谱法在室温和1mL/min流速下进行,其使用Waters X Terra RP 18柱(4.6x50mm;3.5μm)。流动相A是乙酸铵5mM缓冲液(采用乙酸得到pH 5.5)∶乙腈90∶10,流动相B乙酸铵5mM缓冲液(采用乙酸得到pH 5.5)∶乙腈10∶90;梯度为0至100%B进行7分钟,然后在再平衡前保持100%B达2分钟。
试剂纯化参考Purification of Laboratory Chemicals(Perrin,D.D.,Armarego,W.L.F.and Perrins Eds,D.R.;Pergamon Press:Oxford,1980)一书进行。石油醚是60-90℃馏分、乙酸乙酯、甲醇、二氯甲烷均为分析纯。
下文中的缩写具有以下含义:
HPLC:高效液相色谱法
TFA:三氟乙酸
HATU:O-(7-氮苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N′,N′-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯
DIEA:N,N-二异丙基乙胺
EDCI·HCl:1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐
HOBt:1-羟基苯并三唑
DCM:二氯甲烷
MsCl:甲基磺酰氯
rt:室温
DMF:N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
Zn:锌
UV:紫外
DMSO:二甲基亚砜
Methanol:甲醇
DMAP:4-二甲氨基吡啶
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例详细描述本发明的实施方式,但是无论如何它们不能解释为对本发明的限制。
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000039
其中,化合物I的合成通式:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000040
方法一:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000041
化合物I的制备:
方法1:
将化合物1(0.2mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,再加入HATU(0.3mmol)、DIEA(0.8mmol),室温下搅拌下再加入化合物3(0.2mmol)。室温下反应过夜。水/乙酸乙酯萃取(3x15mL),饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇)得化合物I。
方法2:
将化合物1(0.2mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,再加入HATU(0.3mmol)、DIEA(0.8mmol),室温下搅拌下再加入化合物3(0.2mmol)。室温下反应过夜。水/乙酸乙酯萃取(3x15mL),饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,经反相制备型HPLC纯化(以含0.35%三氟乙酸的水溶液和甲醇为流动相),经真空浓缩得化合物I。
方法二:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000042
化合物2的制备:
将化合物1(0.5mmol)溶于氯化亚砜(5mmol),回流30min。反应结束后冷却至室温,浓缩后于真空泵上抽干得化合物2。
化合物I的制备:
方法1:
将化合物2(0.3mmol)溶于0.5mL吡啶中,再于冰浴下缓慢滴加至化合物3(0.2mmol)的吡啶溶液中。恢复至室温反应4h。浓缩,再用1N盐酸/乙酸乙酯萃取(3x15mL),饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇)得化合物I。
方法2:
将化合物2(0.3mmol)溶于0.5mL吡啶中,再于冰浴下缓慢滴加至化合物3(0.2mmol)的吡啶溶液中。恢复至室温反应4h。浓缩,再用1N盐酸/乙酸乙酯萃取(3x15mL),饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,经反相制备型HPLC纯化(以含0.35%三氟乙酸的水溶液和甲醇为流动相),经真空浓缩得化合物I。
下面具体描述实施例化合物的合成。
1.化合物I-1:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000043
将化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000044
(0.2mmol,33.6mg)(CAS:1007386-72-2,桑迪亚,上海)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,再加入HATU(0.3mmol,114.1mg)、DIEA(0.8mmol,0.132mL),室温下搅拌下再加入化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000045
(0.2mmol,54.7mg)(CAS:694499-26-8,桑迪亚,上海)。室温下反应过夜。用水/乙酸乙酯萃取(3x15mL),饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,经反相制备型HPLC纯化(以含0.35%三氟乙酸的水溶液和甲醇为流动相),经真空浓缩得化合物I-1(5.1mg,4.7%)。
2.化合物I-2:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000046
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000047
(CAS:7664-66-6,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-2。
3.化合物I-3:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000048
化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000049
的合成:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000050
将4H-吡咯并[2,3-d]噻唑-5-甲酸乙酯(ethyl 4H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]thiazole-5-carboxylate)(4mmol,784.92mg)(CAS:238749-53-6,桑迪亚,上海)、碳酸铯(Cs2CO3)(4.8mmol,1.563g)溶于15mL N,N-二-甲基甲酰胺(DMF))中。再于0℃下缓慢滴加硫酸二甲酯(4.8mmol,605.43mg),恢复至室温过夜。用水/乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,得704mg 4-甲基-4H-吡咯并[2,3-d]噻唑-5-甲酸乙酯(ethyl 4-methyl-4H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]thiazole-5-carboxylate)。
将4-甲基-4H-吡咯并[2,3-d]噻唑-5-甲酸乙酯(3mmol,630.75mg)溶于12mL四氢呋喃中,再加入4mL 1N的氢氧化锂溶液,52℃下反应7h。减压浓缩除去大部分溶剂后,加入冰水,用1N的稀盐酸调节pH至弱酸性,析出固体。离心、水洗固体,收集沉淀得到480mg4-甲基-4H-吡咯并[2,3-d]噻唑-5-甲酸(4-methyl-4H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]thiazole-5-carboxylic acid)。
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000051
为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-3。
4.化合物I-4:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000052
中间体的合成:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000053
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000054
将对异丙氧基苯胺(3mmol,453.6mg)、DMAP(0.3mmol,45mg)溶于5mL DCM中。于0℃下缓慢滴加(Boc)2O(3mmol,654mg),恢复至室温反应20h。用水/二氯甲烷萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,得720mg(4-异丙氧基苯基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(tert-butyl(4-isopropoxyphenyl)carbamate)。
将(4-异丙氧基苯基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(1.26mmol,316.25mg)、NaH(2.52mmol,60.48mg)溶于3mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中。于0℃下缓慢滴加碘甲烷(CH3I)(1.26mmol,178.84mg),恢复至室温反应20h。用水/乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,得250mg 4-异丙氧基-N-甲基苯胺(4-isopropoxy-N-methylaniline)。
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000055
为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-4。
5.化合物I-5:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000056
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000057
(CAS:461-82-5,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-5。
6.化合物I-6:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000058
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000059
为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来 获得化合物I-6。
7.化合物I-7:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000060
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000061
(CAS:4518-10-9,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-7。
8.化合物I-8:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000062
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000063
(CAS:619-45-4,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-8。
9.化合物I-9:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000064
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000065
(CAS:63-74-1,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-9。
10.化合物I-10:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000066
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000067
(CAS:123-30-8,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-10。
11.化合物I-11:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000068
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000069
(CAS:455-14-1,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-11。
12.化合物I-12:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000070
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000071
(CAS:104-94-9,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-12。
13.化合物I-13:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000072
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000073
(CAS:99-98-9,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-13。
14.化合物I-14:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000074
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000075
(CAS:156-43-4,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-14。
15.化合物I-15:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000076
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000077
(CAS:93-05-0,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-15。
16.化合物I-16:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000078
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000079
(CAS:100-01-6,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-16。
17.化合物I-17:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000080
将化合物16(0.1mmol,28.8mg)和Zn(1mmol,65mg)溶于1mL的EtOH中,再滴加0.2mL NH 4Cl(0.4mmol,21.3mg)水溶液。加热至50℃,过夜。反应体系用硅胶过滤后,加水/乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇)得化合物I-17。
18.化合物I-18:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000081
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000082
(CAS:53250-82-1,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-18。
19.化合物I-19:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000083
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000084
(CAS:122-80-5,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-19。
20.化合物I-20:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000085
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000086
(CAS:35303-76-5,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-20。
21.化合物I-21:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000087
中间体化合物的合成:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000088
将4-氨基苯乙酸(6.7mmol,1.01g)溶于15mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,再加入EDCI·HCl(10.05mmol,1.926g)、HOBt(7.37mmol,995.8mg)、DIEA(26.8mmol,4.67mL)。室温下搅拌30min后加入对氟苄胺(6.7mmol,838.4mg),室温下反应过夜。用水/乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇)得520mg的上述中间体。
将化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000089
(0.2mmol,33.6mg)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,再加入HATU(0.3mmol,114.1mg)、DIEA(0.8mmol,0.132mL),室温下搅拌下再加入上述制备的中间体化合物(0.2mmol,51.6mg)。室温下反应过夜。用水/乙酸乙酯萃取(3x 15mL),饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,经反相制备型HPLC纯化(以含0.35%三氟乙酸的水溶液和甲醇为流动相),经真空浓缩得化合物I-21(26.1mg,32%)。
22.化合物I-22:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000090
中间体化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000091
的合成方法类似于下面24中的中间体
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000092
的合成方法。
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000093
和上述中间体为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-22。
23.化合物I-23:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000094
中间体化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000095
的合成方法类似于下面24中的中间体
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000096
的合成方法。
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000097
和上述中间体为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-23。
24.化合物I-24:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000098
中间体化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000099
的合成方法参照文献European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,87,529-539;2014。
将化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000100
(0.2mmol,33.6mg)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,再加入HATU(0.3mmol,114.1mg)、DIEA(0.8mmol,0.132mL),室温下搅拌下再加入上述中间体化合物(0.2mmol,37.8mg)。用水/乙酸乙酯萃取(3x15mL),饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇)得化合物I-24(23.5mg,34.6%)。
25.化合物I-25:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000101
中间体化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000102
的合成方法类似于上述24中的中间体
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000103
的合成方法。
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000104
和上述中间体为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-25。
26.化合物I-26:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000105
中间体化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000106
的合成方法类似于上述24中的中间体
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000107
的合成方法。
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000108
和上述中间体为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-26。
27.化合物I-27:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000109
中间体化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000110
的合成方法类似于上述24中的中间体
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000111
的合成方法。
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000112
和上述中间体为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-27。
28.化合物I-28:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000113
中间体化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000114
的合成方法类似于上述24中的中间体
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000115
的合成方法。
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000116
和上述中间体为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-28。
29.化合物I-29:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000117
中间体化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000118
的合成方法类似于下面31中的中间体的合成方法。
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000119
和上述中间体化合物为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获 得化合物I-29。
30.化合物I-30:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000120
中间体化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000121
的合成方法类似于下面31中的中间体的合成方法。
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000122
和上述中间体化合物为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-30。
31.化合物I-31:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000123
中间体化合物的合成:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000124
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000125
将间硝基苯甲醇(20mmol,3.06g)和三乙胺(Et3N)(60mmol,8.3mL)溶于50mL的二氯甲烷(DCM)中,0℃下搅拌15min。再于0℃下缓慢滴加甲基磺酰氯(MsCl)(30mmol,2.32mL),逐渐恢复至室温反应5h。用水/二氯甲烷萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,得1.8g 3-硝基苄基甲磺酸酯。
将3-硝基苄基甲磺酸酯(2.16mmol,500mg),K 2CO3(4.32mmol,596.2mg)溶于8mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中。再加入4-(甲硫基)苯酚(3.24mmol,454.2mg)于100℃下反应2h。用水/乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,硅胶柱层析得470mg甲基(4-((3- 硝基苄基)氧基)苯基)硫烷(methyl(4-((3-nitrobenzyl)oxy)phenyl)sulfane)。
将甲基(4-((3-硝基苄基)氧基)苯基)硫烷(2mmol,614.6mg)和Zn(10mmol,650mg)溶于10mL的EtOH中,再滴加2mL NH 4Cl(4mmol,213.9mg)水溶液。加热至50℃,过夜。反应体系用硅胶过滤后,加水/乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,得502mg所述中间体化合物3-((4-甲基硫基)苯氧基)甲基)苯胺(3-((4-(methylthio)phenoxy)methyl)aniline)。
将化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000126
(0.2mmol,33.6mg)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,再加入HATU(0.3mmol,114.1mg)、DIEA(0.8mmol,0.132mL),室温下搅拌下再加入上述中间体化合物3-((4-甲基硫基)苯氧基)甲基)苯胺(0.2mmol,49.1mg)。用水/乙酸乙酯萃取(3x15mL),饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇)得化合物I-31(12.8mg,16.2%)。
32.化合物I-32:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000127
中间体的合成:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000128
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000129
将3-((4-甲基硫基)苯氧基)甲基)苯胺(4mmol,1.1g)溶于15mL的二氯甲烷(DCM)中,0℃下加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(mCPBA)(12mmol,2.07g),室温下反应4h。水/乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,硅胶柱层析得1.2g上述中间体。
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000130
和上述中间体化合物为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-32。
33.化合物I-33:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000131
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000132
(CAS:18595-18-1,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-33。
34.化合物I-34:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000133
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000134
(CAS:30069-31-9,桑迪亚,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-34。
35.化合物I-35:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000135
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000136
(CAS:641571-11-1,安耐吉,上海)为原料,以类似于对于上述化合物I-1的方法来获得化合物I-35。
36.化合物II-1:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000137
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000138
(CAS:1007386-66-4,桑迪亚,上海)和
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000139
为原料,以类似于对于上述通式I中的具体化合物的方法来获得化合物II-1。
37.化合物II-2:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000140
化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000141
的合成:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000142
将4H-吡咯并[3,2-d]噻唑-5-甲酸乙酯(ethyl 4H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]thiazole-5-carboxylate)(4mmol,784.92mg)(CAS:75103-40-1,桑迪亚,上海)、碳酸铯(Cs2CO3)(4.8mmol,1.563g)溶于15m L N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中。再于0℃下缓慢滴加硫酸二甲酯(4.8mmol,605.43mg),恢复至室温过夜。用水/乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩,得680mg 4-甲基-4H-吡咯并[3,2-d]噻唑-5-甲酸乙酯(ethyl 4-methyl-4H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]thiazole-5-carboxylate)。
将4-甲基-4H-吡咯并[3,2-d]噻唑-5-甲酸乙酯(3mmol,630.75mg)溶于12mL四氢呋喃(THF)中,再加入4mL 1N的氢氧化锂溶液(LiOH),52℃下反应7h。减压浓缩除去大部分溶剂后,加入冰水,用1N的稀盐酸调节pH至弱酸性,析出固体。离心、水洗固体,收集沉淀得到471mg 4-甲基-4H-吡咯并[3,2-d]噻唑-5-甲酸(4-methyl-4H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]thiazole-5-carboxylic acid)。
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000143
为原料,以类似于对于上述通式I中的具体化合物的方法来获得化合物II-2。
38.化合物II-3:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000144
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000145
为原料,以类似于对于上述通式I中的具体化合物的方法来获得化合物II-3。
39.化合物II-4:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000146
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000147
为原料,以类似于对于上述通式I中的具体化合物的方法来获得化合物II-4。
40.化合物II-5:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000148
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000149
为原料,以类似于对于上述通式I中的具体化合物的方法来获得化合物II-5。
41.化合物II-6:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000150
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000151
为原料,以类似于对于上述通式I中的具体化合物的方法来获得化合物II-6。
42.化合物II-7:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000152
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000153
为原料,以类似于对于上述通式I中的具体化合物的方法来获得化合物II-7。
43.化合物II-8:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000154
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000155
为原料,以类似于对于上述通式I中的具体化合物的方法来获得化合物II-8。
44.化合物II-9:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000156
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000157
为原料,以类似于对于上述通式I中的具体化合物的方法来获得化合物II-9。
45.化合物II-10:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000158
以化合物
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000159
为原料,以类似于对于上述通式I中的具体化合物的方法来获得化合物II-10。
上面合成中未进行说明的所用的原料均是商品化试剂。
下表列出具体化合物及结构鉴定数据。
表1.化合物I结构及表征
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000160
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000161
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000162
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000163
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000164
化合物II的合成通式:
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000165
化合物II的制备方法类似于化合物I。
下表列出具体化合物及结构鉴定数据。
表2.化合物II结构及表征
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000166
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000167
试验例
生物活性测试
在这项研究中,我们首先研究了I-28,其作为一种新型的结合秋水仙碱位点的微管抑制剂。从机理上讲,I-28抑制微管聚合和促进微管解聚。I-28的药物有效性表明,它能够在体外和体内克服耐药性。
方法:
细胞培养和增殖测定
通过CellTiter-Glo发光细胞活力测定法(CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay)测量细胞活力IC 50(半数最大抑制浓度),其代表代谢活性细胞。用不同剂量的化合物(I-28、紫杉醇或长春新碱)在96孔板(每孔100μl完全培养基中5000个细胞)中一式三份培养细胞。孵育48小时后,将CellTiter-Glo加入到每个孔中,并将板在室温下进一步孵育30分钟。然后,测量、收集和分析发光信号。
细胞周期
将5×10 5细胞在10厘米的皿中培养。用I-28或二甲基亚砜(DMSO)培养细胞24小时后,收获细胞,并在PBS中洗涤。然后将细胞固定在70%乙醇中,并在-20℃下过夜储存。乙醇固定之后,洗涤细胞,悬浮于PBS中。然后加入核糖核酸酶(RNase),之后将细胞在-37℃下孵育30分钟。随后,在室温下将细胞用碘化丙啶(propidium iodide)(PI)标记10分钟,之后用流式细胞仪分析DNA含量。使用FlowJo软件进行细胞周期分析。
细胞形态
将细胞用I-28或DMSO培养12小时。收获细胞,并将其用PBS洗涤3次,然后用3%的多聚甲醛(paraformaldehyde)(含0.2%蔗糖)固定30分钟。在室温条件下,用包含0.4%TritonX-100的10%的山羊血清阻断细胞。在室温下,将细胞与原抗(抗微管蛋白抗体1∶5000,抗冠状抗体(anti-crest antibody)1∶1000,抗CEP 192抗体1∶200或抗中心粒周围蛋白(pericentrin)抗体1∶2000)孵育3小时。用PBS洗涤后,在室温下将细胞与二抗(1∶600)合并1小时。然后再洗涤细胞,用DAPI(1∶1000)在室温下标记10分钟。最后,采用抗褪色聚乙烯吡咯烷酮介质(anti-fade polyvinylpyrrolidone mounting medium)封闭盖玻片。
微管蛋白聚合试验
一般情况下,将微管蛋白用预冷的G-PEM缓冲液(80mM PIPES,pH 6.9,2mM MgCl 2,0.5mM EGTA,1mM GTP)重新溶解,并在液氮中快速冷冻,然后在-70℃下储存。将解冻的微管蛋白在4℃下、以14000×g离心10min。在预热板上加入微管蛋白的均质液体(homogeneous liquid)。我们将G-PEM、紫杉醇或不同剂量的I-28吸管转入(pipetted)放入预热板中,然后将板放入分光光度计中。在340nm处记录吸光度1小时,然后进行分析。
在体外微管的形成
如前所述制备微管蛋白的均质液体。将蛋白质溶液在室温下分配到若干管中。将I-28、紫杉醇或长春新碱加入管内,室温下孵育20分钟。孵育后,将样品滴在铜栅(copper grids)上。用2%的醋酸铀-柠檬酸铅(uranyl acetate-lead citrate)对铜栅染色后,将铜栅干燥。最后,通过透射电子显微镜(FEI Tecnai G2 Spirit TEM)观察样品。
蛋白质印迹
各自收集HeLa、HeLaR(抗紫杉醇的细胞系)、A2780、A2780R(抗紫杉醇的细胞系)、K562和K562R(抗阿霉素的细胞系)的细胞。在4℃,通过哺乳动物蛋白质提取试剂(M-PER)获得全蛋白质(Whole proteins),并以12000转/分离心。将蛋白质与上载缓冲液(loading buffer)混合,在100℃煮沸10分钟。将变性的蛋白质经8%十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶(sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel)(SDS-PAAG)分离,并转移到聚偏氟乙烯(polyvinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)膜上。将膜与抗体(MDR1/ABCB1兔抗体,MRP1/ABCC1兔抗体,抗MRP2抗体,MRP3/ABCC3兔抗体或ABCG2抗体)在4℃孵育过夜。用HRP缀合的二抗处理PVDF膜后,通过ECL试剂(化学发光辣根过氧化物酶底物)检测特异性印迹。
小鼠模型
将HeLa细胞用DMEM培养基培养,以5×10 7细胞/毫升的密度在PBS缓冲液中收获。在实验动物中心以模拟正常的昼夜喂养雌性裸小鼠。选择裸小鼠(4-6周大),皮下(hypodermic)注射1×10 7个细胞。4周后,将裸小鼠随机分组。通过腹膜内注射分别给予I-28、长春新碱或玉米油。随后,我们每隔一天测量并记录数据。类似地,将HeLaR细胞注射到裸小鼠体内。当肿瘤足够大时,我们将肿瘤组织移植到新的裸小鼠。我们再次重复了这个过程。这些裸小鼠在两周后被随机分组。它们被记录并注射I-28、长春新碱或玉米油。
蛋白质表达和纯化
如文献(7,32)所述(但稍作修改),制备两种微管蛋白的复合物(T2R-TTL复合物):一个RB3的stathmin样结构域(RB3-SLD)和一个微管蛋白酪氨酸连接酶(TTL)。在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中过表达RB3-SLD,并将其通过阴离子交换色谱(QFF;GE Healthcare)和凝胶过滤(Superdex 75;GE-Healthcare)依次纯化。将纯化的蛋白质浓缩至10mg/mL,并在80℃下储存直至使用。TTL在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中过表达,并通过镍亲和色谱(nickel-affinity chromatography)然后凝胶过滤(Superdex 200;GE-Healthcare)纯化。将在Bis-Tris丙烷(pH 6.5)、200mM NaCl、2.5mM MgCl 2、5mMβ-巯基乙醇和1%甘油中的纯化的TTL浓缩至20mg/mL,并在80℃下储存直至使用。以10mg/mL(缓冲液:80mM Pipes,pH 6.9,2mM MgCl 2,0.5mM EGTA和1mM GTP)提供猪脑微管蛋白(Cytoskeleton,Catalog#T-238P),并储存在80℃直到使用。通过混合摩尔比为2∶1.3∶1.2的微管蛋白、RB3-SLD和TTL制备T2R-TTL复合物,然后加入1mM的β,γ-亚甲基腺苷5’-三磷酸二钠盐(β,γ-methyleneadenosine 5’-triphosphate disodium salt)、5mM的酪氨酸和10mM DTT,将复合物在4℃浓缩至20mg/mL。
结晶和晶体浸泡
在20℃下,在由以下组成的缓冲液中获得T2R-TTL晶体:6%PEG4000、8%甘油、0.1M MES(pH 6.7)、30mM CaCl 2和30mM MgCl 2。采用种晶法获得单晶。棒状晶体在2天后出现,并在1周内达到最大尺寸。为了晶体浸泡,在20℃向2μL含晶体的液滴添加0.1μl I-15(以10mM浓度溶于DMSO)18小时。
数据收集和结构确定
以添加20%(v/v)甘油的储液作为冷冻保护剂。将晶体转移到冷冻保护剂中几秒钟,然后嵌入尼龙圈中,然后在液氮中快速冷却。在上海同步辐射光源(上海,中国)(Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Shanghai,China))的国家蛋白质科学中心上海(National Facility for Protein Science Shanghai)(NFPS)的光束线BL19U1(beamline BL19U1)上收集衍射数据。将数据用HKL 3000(33)处理。通过采用T2R-TTL结构(PDB ID:4I55)作为搜索模型的分子置换法确定结构。用COOT(34)和PHENIX(35)进行了精修。用MOLPROBITY(36)检验模型质量。微管蛋白-I-15配合物的原子坐标和结构因子已在蛋白质数据库中以5YZ3为登录码进行了登记。
统计分析
除非另有说明,所有数据表示为三个独立实验的平均±标准误差(SEM)。将数据采用学生t检验进行分析。<0.05的P值被认为是具有显著性。
结果
I-28的鉴定
为了攻克看似坚不可摧的致癌Ras的堡垒,我们构建了表型筛选以寻找能够抑制Nras G12D转化细胞增殖的化合物。简言之,通过将IL-3依赖性Ba/F3细胞增殖与突变型Ras驱动的Ba/F3细胞增殖进行比较,这种基于细胞的筛选系统可以提供对优先靶向Ras信号传导的细胞毒性化合物的无偏性搜索(unbiased search)。我们筛选了一个由3万多个化学实体组成的内部化合物库。化合物I-2(图1A)被鉴定为对于Nras G12D驱动的Ba/F3细胞的增殖具有抑制作用的前期先导物(top lead)。基于I-2的核结构,我们进行了密集的药物化学努力以获得一系列类似物。最终选择化合物I-28(图1A)作为用于以下药理学表征的先导化合物。
为了研究I-28是否对Nras突变细胞特异有效,首先用I-28测试来自不同类型肿瘤的24种人细胞系,并通过CellTiter-Glo发光细胞活力测定法(CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay)检测活力(图1B)。令我们惊讶的是,I-28对所有肿瘤细胞系都表现出强烈的抗增殖作用。这些数据表明I-28具有一般细胞毒性的有意义的特性。这一结果已在1000多种肿瘤细胞系中进一步验证,这导致我们认为I-28可能已经阻断了癌细胞的生长和存活的基本组分。
I-28通过抑制微管聚合来阻断有丝分裂
为了了解I-28对于细胞活力的有害影响,我们通过用流式细胞仪(flow cytometer)检测细胞周期研究了I-28对于不同细胞事件的影响。通常情况下,I-28处理的HeLa细胞显示细胞周期阻滞于G2/M期(图2A)。从其他细胞系进一步验证I-28的有丝分裂阻断功能。
为了阐明细胞周期阻滞的特定时期,我们对I-28处理的细胞进行免疫荧光成像分析。如图2B所示,分裂中期(metaphase)的细胞显示沿赤道板(equatorial plate)排列的染色体(chromosomes)和双极纺锤体(bipolar spindle apparatus)。在I-28处理后,正常纺锤体消失。有趣的是,几个微管蛋白斑点(tubulin-spots)、分散的染色体和着丝粒(centromere)出现在细胞中。这种现象表明,根据核膜(nuclear membrane)的消失和和染色体和着丝粒的特征,细胞被阻滞在前中期(pro-metaphase)。
基于这一观察,我们推测,I-28可能干扰细胞骨架系统。我们对于探索这些微管蛋白斑点的哪些组成被I-28中断特别感兴趣,因为所有的微管蛋白的常见三种亚型:α-微管蛋白、β-微管蛋白和γ-微管蛋白可以在有丝分裂中分别构成微管、纺锤体、中心体(eentrosome)和微管组织中心(microtubule organizing center)(MTOC)。经过化合物处理后在每个细胞中存在两个中心体表明,穗状斑点不是中心体(图2C、2D)。MTOC,作为微管的开始,以γ-微管蛋白为中心并介导微管蛋白成核现象和替代细胞中的中心体而没有中心粒(centriole)。接下来,我们同时标记γ-微管蛋白和α-微管蛋白(图2)。结果显示在图2E中,穗状斑点不是MTOC。这些数据表明,I-28通过影响微管而阻断有丝分裂。
为了研究化合物I-28是否影响微管蛋白聚合,进行无细胞的体外微管蛋白聚合测定。溶解的微管蛋白在37℃下用GTP供应在体外轻轻聚合。当存在紫杉醇(微管稳定剂)时,该过程加速(图2F)。相比之下,长春新碱抑制聚合反应和急剧解聚微管(图2G)。有趣的是,I-28以剂量依赖性方式表现出与长春新碱相同的解聚效果(图2F)。这个数据使得我们推测I-28通过直接结合微管蛋白异二聚体来抑制微管聚合。
I-28以不同的机理改变微管
为了进一步研究I-28对微管的生物物理性质,我们将其与长春花生物碱和紫杉醇进行了比较,其中两种都是最广泛使用的微管相关的抗肿瘤药物。紫杉醇是微管稳定剂,并促进微管聚合。而长春花生物碱抑制微管聚合,并促进微管解聚(图3A)。I-28和长春新碱均阻断有丝分裂,并在前中期阻滞细胞。在用这两种化合物处理的细胞中观察到无序染色体和分散的核被膜(nuclear envelope)围绕的散布的染色体。仔细研究发现I-28在化合物处理的细胞中诱导了穗状结构。
我们进一步通过透射电子显微镜(transmission electron microscope)(TEM)验证了I-28对体外微管聚合的抑制作用。在三磷酸鸟苷(GTP)存在下,α-微管蛋白和β-微管蛋白在室温下形成中空管状结构(图3B),并且紫杉醇可以稳定该结构(图3C)。相反,当在反应开始时加入长春新碱时,没有可见的微管结构(图4D)。当加入I-28时,这些球形蛋白α-微管蛋白和β-微管蛋白聚集成平滑且不规则的小球(图3E)。据我们所知,这种微管蛋白构象以前没有报道过。虽然效率低于长春新碱,但化合物I-28诱导形成微管的新构象(图2F,2G)。这些结果表明I-28利用与长春新碱不同的机理来阻断微管正常功能。
微管蛋白-I-15复合物的晶体结构
为了理解I-28对微管聚合抑制作用的分子机理,我们进行了结构分析。采用化合物I-15(I-28的类似物),其具有更好溶解度。在
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000168
分辨率下解析蛋白质复合物的晶体结构,其由与I-15络合的αβ-微管蛋白、stathmin样蛋白RB3和微管蛋白酪氨酸连接酶(T2R-TTL)组成(图4)。数据收集和精修统计数据的细节在图9的表中进行了总结。
高分辨率和清晰的密度图使得我们能够明确地确定小分子抑制剂的位置和方向(图4B),从而揭示I-15和微管蛋白之间的详细的相互作用(图4C)。在晶体结构中看到,I-15结合到秋水仙碱结合位点,这是一个被超级β折叠(β-sheet)和两个α螺旋(α-helices)包围的很大的口袋(pocket),被两个环结构(loop)封端(图4)。药物分子I-15与βN165、βE198和βY200的侧链、βv236的主链的氧原子建立氢键(图4C)。I-15也与β微管蛋白建立了广泛的疏水性相互作用(图4C)。近来提出了基于结构的药效团模型CBSIs(22),其由三个疏水中心(I、II和III)和两个氢键中心(IV和V)组成。I-15占据两个疏水中心I和II以及一个氢键中心IV(图4C)。
与秋水仙碱相比,I-15位于β亚基中深得多的位置,与α亚基无相互作用(图4D)。观察到与秋水仙碱的重叠很少。微管蛋白-I-15与微管蛋白-秋水仙碱复合物结构的比较表明,不同的秋水仙碱位点配体的结合没有影响微管蛋白的整体构象,也没有影响T2R复合物的整体构象。微管蛋白-I-15与微管蛋白-秋水仙碱配合物之间的2146 Cα原子的均方根偏差(RMSD)为
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000169
主要构象变化与秋水仙碱结构域的αT5环有关(图4D)。
I-28在体内和体外克服MDR
接下来,我们研究I-28是否能够克服癌症中的MDR,因为MDR对临床治疗中的癌症化疗药物提出了重大挑战。三对细胞系,包括HeLa(宫颈癌)和HeLaR(耐紫杉醇的HeLa)、A2780(卵巢癌)和A2780R(耐紫杉醇的A2780)、K562(CML,慢性粒细胞白血病)和K562R(耐阿霉素的K562)用于进一步的实验。药物外排被认为是MDR的主要机理。我们首先检测了MDR1/ABCB1、MRP1/ABCC1、MRP2/ABCC2和MRP3/ABCC3在这些细胞中的表达(图5A)。然后我们评估了紫杉醇、长春新碱和I-28对于这三对细胞的IC 50。各化合物对于不同细胞系的IC 50在图5B中显示。I-28通过充分抑制不同类型肿瘤细胞系的MDR,显示出明显与这两种化合物不同的药理作用。
此外,我们进一步进行了体内实验,使用长春新碱作为参比,研究I-28的相关药理抗肿瘤疗效。我们通过将HeLa或HeLaR细胞移植到裸小鼠(nude mice)体内,构建了两种皮下异种移植模型。当肿瘤体积达到约100mm 3时,将裸小鼠随机分为三组,分别被腹膜内(intraperitoneal)给予25mg/kg I-28、0.2mg/kg长春新碱或玉米油。对于取自HeLa细胞的肿瘤,这两种化合物均抑制肿瘤生长,并表现出良好的抗癌活性(图5C)。与细胞增殖结果一致的是,在HeLaR异种移植模型中,肿瘤生长也受到了I-28的抑制,但长春新碱没有抑制(图5C)。此外,在药物治疗期间,没有体重减轻和观察到的副作用(图5D),表明I-28的耐受性。结果表明,I-28在体内和体外都能克服MDR。
讨论
即使有更多的用于癌症治疗的选择性方法,靶向微管仍然是许多临床医生的第一线药物。由于微管在癌细胞中发挥的重要作用以及存在几种难以治疗的恶性肿瘤如胰腺癌,微管抑制剂紫杉醇和长春新碱常于治疗各种癌症,包括乳腺癌、卵巢癌、急性白血病、恶性淋巴瘤、肺癌(23-25)。具体地,最近的临床研究结果表明,微管抑制剂紫杉醇(nab-paclitaxel)联合吉西他滨延长胰腺导管腺癌患者的生存期。作者提出,紫杉醇可能通过破坏其细胞内转运(intracellular trafficking)发挥靶向KRAS的作用(26)。I-28在Ras蛋白转运方面的潜在作用值得在未来的探索。
其次,癌症多药耐药性的发展对微管抑制剂的临床应用是一个不可避免的挑战。ABC转运蛋白(transporter)在MDR的发展中起着至关重要的作用。尽管MDR1/ABCB1被认为是对于药物外排(drug efflux)和减少细胞内药物积累的最常见和最关键的泵,但靶向压倒性癌症MDR中的ABC转运蛋白是非常困难的。由于药物泵的表达模式和功能冗余的复杂性极大地限制了这些ABC抑制剂在癌症治疗中的效用(27-29)。因此,开发出一种机理不同的微管抑制剂对于避免癌症耐药性可以是临床上有益的。我们的数据表明,I-28结合到微管秋水仙碱结合的位点,到目前为止没有被批准靶向该位点的药物。值得注意的是,秋水仙碱结合位点微管抑制剂可以作为血管靶向剂发挥作用。因此,除了用作抗有丝分裂剂,秋水仙碱结合位点化合物可以迅速对于新形成的血管的微管解聚,以阻断向肿瘤的血液供应(30,31)。需要在对于血管靶向功能的抑制作用方面进一步探讨I-28在体内的强的药理作用。正如我们还观察到的,I-28可以有效地阻止细胞迁移和集落形成(图7,8)。
我们知道目前大多数微管靶向化合物都是从天然产物中发现的。制备这些天然产物,并在其临床应用方面对其优化是最是困难和昂贵的。显然,如果市场上有可获得的小分子微管抑制剂,可以为癌症患者以及制药业节省一些额外的财政和环境负担。因此,迫切需要开发小分子抑制剂、如I-28。
目前尚不清楚不同的微管蛋白靶向试剂如紫杉烷类(taxanes)和长春花生物碱类(vincas)显示出单独的抗肿瘤作用。然而,这种组织特异性的抗性(resistance)机理提供了一种理论基础来发展新的方法,目的是通过分析肿瘤的敏感性来改善现有的化合物,从而减少副作用,如周围神经病变的毒性(1)。随着更多可获得的靶向微管蛋白-微管复合物的众多其他成分的化合物,这肯定是充分利用其抗癌潜力的一个重要方面,即在同一系统中结合两个或多个目标可以实现药物的协同效应。
尽管如此,来自临床的反馈清楚地表明,迫切需要在人类癌症治疗中寻找靶向微管并克服MDR的新策略。以I-28为代表的一系列小分子在体外和体内均表现出有希望的克服MDR的药理功效。I-28的抑制功能的分子机理与以前报道的抗MDR药物不同,其通过与微管蛋白的秋水仙碱结合位点结合,从而解聚微管并影响纺锤体的形成。我们的数据显示可以进一步发展为癌症、特别是对于MDR癌症治疗剂的新型骨架。
细胞生存能力分析
进而,关于I-15
图6说明化合物I-15的关键特性与化合物I-28一致。
我们进行免疫荧光染色,发现化合物I-15使HeLa细胞中的微管解体(A)。并且在体外,那些解聚的微管显示出类似于化合物I-28的作用的斑点(B)。此外,化合物I-15可以克服三对细胞系中的MDR。在同一细胞系中,化合物I-15的IC 50或多或少地低于化合物I-28的IC 50(C)。化合物I-15是与化合物I-28具有相同机理的更好的微管抑制剂。
伤口愈合
将1×10 6个HeLa细胞铺在六孔板的每个孔中。24h后,使用200μl微量移液器尖端来垂直于盘表面划线。用PBS洗涤三次,以除去刮落的细胞,然后将正常的细胞(rested cells)在含或不含化合物的无血清培养基中培养。在培养后0h、6h、12h、24h和48h对细胞拍照。
图7说明不同化合物阻止细胞迁移。随着培养的进行,在正常对照组中由肿瘤细胞迁移逐渐填充细胞之间的间隙。所有这三种化合物(长春新碱、秋水仙碱和I-28)不能使间隙缩小,甚至不能降低HeLa细胞的数量。这些化合物通过抑制微管影响细胞伸展和细胞迁移。
集落形成
将500HeLa细胞铺于六孔板的每个孔中。培养12h后,将不同浓度的化合物添加到固定有细胞的板中。两周后检查细胞集落的形成。在去除培养基后,将细胞用多聚甲醛固定。用PBS缓冲液洗涤细胞三次后,将细胞用浓度为0.05%的龙胆紫溶液(methylrosanilnium chloride solution)染色。采用FluorChem M系统(FluorChem M system)拍照。
图8说明不同化合物阻断细胞集落的形成。使用龙胆紫溶液染色,相比对照组,药物处理组中的集落的数量被抑制。三种化合物的起始浓度分别为如下:I-28 3.7nM,秋水仙碱1.23nM和长春新碱1.23nM。随着化合物浓度降低,细胞集落的数量增加。相比于IC 50,这些数据显示所有三种化合物可以抑制延长处理组中的细胞增殖。
图9中的表格说明数据收集和精修的统计。其中,*括号中显示最高分辨率。
图10中的表格说明图5B的统计数据。其中,紫杉醇、秋水仙碱和化合物I-28对于三对细胞系的IC 50。WT表示母细胞系,R表示紫杉醇诱导的耐受的细胞系,R-ratio表示敏感性随比例IC 50(R)/IC 50(WT)而变化。
本发明化合物对于HeLaR(耐紫杉醇的HeLa)的IC 50结果如下面表3所示:
表3
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000170
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000171
Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-000172
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Claims (9)

  1. 以下通式的化合物或上述化合物的立体异构体、其前药、其药学上可接受的盐或其药学上可接受的溶剂合物在制备用于治疗多药耐药癌症的药物中的用途:
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100001
    其中,X 1选自N,S;X 2选自N,S;且X 1与X 2不相同;
    R 1选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;优选R 1选自H,C1-C3烷基;更优选R 1选自H,甲基、乙基;
    R 2选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;优选R 2选自H,C1-C3烷基;更优选R 2选自H,甲基、乙基;
    R 3选自:
    1)
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100002
    其中n=0,1或2,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5各自独立地选自:
    (1)氢,氟,氯,溴,碘,硝基,氰基,氨基,任选被-C1-C6烷基、C1-C3烷基、-C1-C6烷基磺酰基或-C1-C6烷基羰基取代的氨基,羟基,羟基甲酰基,甲氧基甲酰基,乙氧基甲酰基,正丙氧基甲酰基,异丙氧基甲酰基,氨基甲酰基,N-甲基氨基甲酰基,N-乙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丙基氨基甲酰基,N-异丙基氨基甲酰基,N-环丙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丁基氨基甲酰基,N-异丁基氨基甲酰基,N-叔丁基氨基甲酰基,N-环丁基氨基甲酰基,N-正戊基氨基甲酰基,N-异戊基氨基甲酰基,N-环戊基氨基甲酰基,N-正己基氨基甲酰基,N-异己基氨基甲酰基,N-环己基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基甲酰基,环丙胺基甲酰基,环丁胺基甲酰基,环戊胺基甲酰基,环己胺基甲酰基,4-羟基哌啶基甲酰基,哌嗪基甲酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,甲磺酰基,乙磺酰基,正丙基磺酰基,异丙基磺酰基,正丁基磺酰基,异丁基磺酰基,羟基磺酰基,氨基磺酰基,N-甲基氨基磺酰基,N-乙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丙基氨基磺酰基,N-异丙基氨基磺酰基,N-环丙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丁基氨基磺酰基,N-异丁基氨基磺酰基,N-叔丁基氨基磺酰基,N-环丁基氨基磺酰基,N-正戊基氨基磺酰基,N-异戊基氨基磺酰基,N-环戊基氨基磺酰基,N-正己基氨基磺酰基,N-异己基氨基磺酰基,N-环己基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基磺酰基,环丙胺基磺酰基,环丁胺基磺酰基,环戊胺基磺酰基,环己胺基磺酰基,4-羟基哌啶基磺酰基,哌嗪基磺酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,甲酰胺基,乙酰胺基,丙酰胺基,正丁酰胺基,异丁酰胺基,环丙基甲酰胺基,环丁基甲酰胺基,环戊基甲酰胺基,环己基甲酰胺基,甲磺酰胺基,乙磺酰胺基,正丙磺酰胺基,异丙磺酰胺基,正丁磺酰胺基,异丁磺酰胺基,取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基,经C1-C6烷基-O-、卤素、C1-C6烷基-S-或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基;
    (2)-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,C1-C3烷基,C1-C3烷氧基,C1-C3含氧烷基,C1-C3含氟烷基,C1-C3含氟烷氧基;
    (3)包含选自N、O和S的一个或多个杂原子的五元或六元杂环,所述五元或六元杂环任选地被C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、氨基、C1-C6烷氧羰基、C1-C6酰基、氰基、任选被取代的杂环基取代,
    包括但不限于:哌啶基,4-N,N-二甲基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二乙基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二异丙基氨基哌啶基,4-羟基哌啶基,4-(4-甲基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-异丙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N- 二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(四氢吡咯基)哌啶基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基)哌啶基;
    4-甲基哌嗪基,4-乙基哌嗪基,4-异丙基哌嗪基,4-乙酰基哌嗪基,4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基,4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基,4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,2-氧代-哌嗪-4-基,4-(N-甲基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基;
    吗啡啉基,3,5-二甲基吗啡啉基,硫代吗啉基,四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二甲基四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二乙基四氢吡咯基;
    (4)杂芳基,例如但不限于吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基;
    (5)Z 2与Z 3可以形成含氧的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
    (6)Z 4与Z 5可以形成含氮的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
    2)氢,C1-C6烷基,环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,环己基,N,N-二甲基氨基,N,N-二乙基氨基,N,N-二异丙基氨基,2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基,2-羟基乙基,2-吗啡啉基乙基,2-硫代吗啉基乙基,2-(4-甲基哌嗪基)乙基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二异丙基氨基丙基,3-羟基丙基,3-吗啡啉基丙基,3-硫代吗啉基丙基,3-(4-甲基哌嗪基)丙基,N-甲基-4-哌啶基,N-乙基-4-哌啶基,N-异丙基-4-哌啶基,N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用途,其中所述化合物为下面的式I化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100003
    其中:
    R 1选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;优选R 1选自H,C1-C3烷基;更优选R 1选自H,甲基、乙基;
    R 2选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;优选R 2选自H,C1-C3烷基;更优选R 2选自H,甲基、乙基;
    R 3选自:
    1)
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100004
    其中n=0,1或2,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5各自独立地选自:
    (1)氢,氟,氯,溴,碘,硝基,氰基,氨基,任选被-C1-C6烷基、C1-C3烷基、-C1-C6烷基磺酰基或-C1-C6烷基羰基取代的氨基,羟基,羟基甲酰基,甲氧基甲酰基,乙氧基甲酰基,正丙氧基甲酰基,异丙氧基甲酰基,氨基甲酰基,N-甲基氨基甲酰基,N-乙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丙基氨基甲酰基,N-异丙基氨基甲酰基,N-环丙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丁基氨基甲酰基,N-异丁基氨基甲酰基,N-叔丁基氨基甲酰基,N-环丁基氨基甲酰基,N-正戊基氨基甲酰基,N-异戊基氨基甲酰基,N-环戊基氨基甲酰基,N-正己基氨基甲酰基,N-异己基氨基甲酰基,N-环己基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基甲酰基,环丙胺基甲酰基,环丁胺基甲酰基,环戊胺基甲酰基,环己胺基甲酰基,4-羟基哌啶基甲酰基,哌嗪基甲酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,甲磺酰基,乙磺酰基,正丙基磺酰基,异丙基磺酰基,正丁基磺酰基,异丁基磺酰基,羟基磺酰基,氨基磺酰基,N-甲基氨基磺酰基,N-乙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丙基氨基磺酰基,N-异丙基氨基磺酰基,N-环丙基氨基磺酰基, N-正丁基氨基磺酰基,N-异丁基氨基磺酰基,N-叔丁基氨基磺酰基,N-环丁基氨基磺酰基,N-正戊基氨基磺酰基,N-异戊基氨基磺酰基,N-环戊基氨基磺酰基,N-正己基氨基磺酰基,N-异己基氨基磺酰基,N-环己基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基磺酰基,环丙胺基磺酰基,环丁胺基磺酰基,环戊胺基磺酰基,环己胺基磺酰基,4-羟基哌啶基磺酰基,哌嗪基磺酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,甲酰胺基,乙酰胺基,丙酰胺基,正丁酰胺基,异丁酰胺基,环丙基甲酰胺基,环丁基甲酰胺基,环戊基甲酰胺基,环己基甲酰胺基,甲磺酰胺基,乙磺酰胺基,正丙磺酰胺基,异丙磺酰胺基,正丁磺酰胺基,异丁磺酰胺基,取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基,经C1-C6烷基-O-、卤素、C1-C6烷基-S-或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基;
    (2)-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,C1-C3烷基,C1-C3烷氧基,C1-C3含氧烷基,C1-C3含氟烷基,C1-C3含氟烷氧基;
    (3)包含选自N、O和S的一个或多个杂原子的五元或六元杂环,所述五元或六元杂环任选地被C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、氨基、C1-C6烷氧羰基、C1-C6酰基、氰基、任选被取代的杂环基取代,
    包括但不限于:哌啶基,4-N,N-二甲基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二乙基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二异丙基氨基哌啶基,4-羟基哌啶基,4-(4-甲基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-异丙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(四氢吡咯基)哌啶基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基)哌啶基;
    4-甲基哌嗪基,4-乙基哌嗪基,4-异丙基哌嗪基,4-乙酰基哌嗪基,4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基,4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基,4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,2-氧代-哌嗪-4-基,4-(N-甲基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基;
    吗啡啉基,3,5-二甲基吗啡啉基,硫代吗啉基,四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基四氢吡咯基;
    (4)杂芳基,例如但不限于吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基;
    (5)Z 2与Z 3可以形成含氧的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
    (6)Z 4与Z 5可以形成含氮的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
    2)氢,C1-C6烷基,环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,环己基,N,N-二甲基氨基,N,N-二乙基氨基,N,N-二异丙基氨基,2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基,2-羟基乙基,2-吗啡啉基乙基,2-硫代吗啉基乙基,2-(4-甲基哌嗪基)乙基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二异丙基氨基丙基,3-羟基丙基,3-吗啡啉基丙基,3-硫代吗啉基丙基,3-(4-甲基哌嗪基)丙基,N-甲基-4-哌啶基,N-乙基-4-哌啶基,N-异丙基-4-哌啶基,N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基;
    R 3优选选自:
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100005
    其中n=0,1或2,
    当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:羟基,-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,氨基,任选被-C1-C6烷基、-C1-C6烷基磺酰基或-C1-C6烷基羰基取代的氨基,氨基磺酰基,硝基,取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被卤素取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基),经C1-C6烷基-O-、卤素、C1-C6烷基-S-或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基;
    或者,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的2个独立地选自以下,其余为-H(更优选Z 2,Z 3各自或者Z 1,Z 4各自或者Z 2,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H):-C1-C6含氟烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基),-C1-C6烷基,取代的苯基羰基-氨基,-C1-C6烷基-O-羰基,-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基);
    当n=1时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基;
    当n=2时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:氨基磺酰基;
    R 3更优选选自:
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100006
    其中n=0或1,
    当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 4,Z 5各自为-H,Z 3选自以下:羟基,-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,氨基,任选被-C1-C6烷基、-C1-C6烷基磺酰基或-C1-C6烷基羰基取代的氨基,氨基磺酰基,硝基;
    或者,Z 2或Z 4选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6烷氧基羰基,取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被卤素取代的苯基-C1-C6烷基-氨基羰基-C1-C6烷基),经C1-C6烷基-O-、卤素、C1-C6烷基-S-或C1-C6烷基磺酰基取代的苯基-O-C1-C6烷基,
    或者,Z 2,Z 3各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基);
    或者,Z 1,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6烷基,取代的苯基羰基-氨基,-C1-C6烷基-O-羰基;
    或者,Z 2,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基);
    当n=1时,Z 1或Z 5选自以下,其余为-H:吡啶-4-基、吡啶-3-基、呋喃-2-基、呋喃-3-基、噻吩-2-基、噻吩-3-基、苯并呋喃基;
    当n=2时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 4,Z 5各自为-H,Z 3为氨基磺酰基;
    R 3最优选选自:
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100007
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100008
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用途,其中所述化合物为下面的式II化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100009
    其中:
    R 1选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;优选R 1选自H,C1-C3烷基;更优选R 1选自H,甲基、乙基;
    R 2选自H,C1-C6烷基,C3-C6环烷基;优选R 2选自H,C1-C3烷基;更优选R 2选自H,甲基、乙基;
    R 3选自:
    1)
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100010
    其中n=0,1或2,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5各自独立地选自:
    (1)氢,氟,氯,溴,碘,硝基,氰基,氨基,羟基,羟基甲酰基,甲氧基甲酰基,乙氧基甲酰基,正丙氧基甲酰基,异丙氧基甲酰基,氨基甲酰基,N-甲基氨基甲酰基,N-乙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丙基氨基甲酰基,N-异丙基氨基甲酰基,N-环丙基氨基甲酰基,N-正丁基氨基甲酰基,N-异丁基氨基 甲酰基,N-叔丁基氨基甲酰基,N-环丁基氨基甲酰基,N-正戊基氨基甲酰基,N-异戊基氨基甲酰基,N-环戊基氨基甲酰基,N-正己基氨基甲酰基,N-异己基氨基甲酰基,N-环己基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基甲酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基甲酰基,环丙胺基甲酰基,环丁胺基甲酰基,环戊胺基甲酰基,环己胺基甲酰基,4-羟基哌啶基甲酰基,哌嗪基甲酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基甲酰基,甲磺酰基,乙磺酰基,正丙基磺酰基,异丙基磺酰基,正丁基磺酰基,异丁基磺酰基,羟基磺酰基,氨基磺酰基,N-甲基氨基磺酰基,N-乙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丙基氨基磺酰基,N-异丙基氨基磺酰基,N-环丙基氨基磺酰基,N-正丁基氨基磺酰基,N-异丁基氨基磺酰基,N-叔丁基氨基磺酰基,N-环丁基氨基磺酰基,N-正戊基氨基磺酰基,N-异戊基氨基磺酰基,N-环戊基氨基磺酰基,N-正己基氨基磺酰基,N-异己基氨基磺酰基,N-环己基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二甲基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二乙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二正丙基氨基磺酰基,N,N-二异丙基氨基磺酰基,环丙胺基磺酰基,环丁胺基磺酰基,环戊胺基磺酰基,环己胺基磺酰基,4-羟基哌啶基磺酰基,哌嗪基磺酰基,4-甲基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-乙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-正丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,4-异丙基哌嗪基磺酰基,甲酰胺基,乙酰胺基,丙酰胺基,正丁酰胺基,异丁酰胺基,环丙基甲酰胺基,环丁基甲酰胺基,环戊基甲酰胺基,环己基甲酰胺基,甲磺酰胺基,乙磺酰胺基,正丙磺酰胺基,异丙磺酰胺基,正丁磺酰胺基,异丁磺酰胺基;
    (2)-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基,C1-C3烷基,C1-C3烷氧基,C1-C3含氧烷基,C1-C3含氟烷基,C1-C3含氟烷氧基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基;
    (3)包含选自N、O和S的一个或多个杂原子的五元或六元杂环,所述五元或六元杂环任选地被C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、氨基、C1-C6烷氧羰基、C1-C6酰基、氰基、任选被取代的杂环基取代,
    包括但不限于:哌啶基,4-N,N-二甲基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二乙基氨基哌啶基,4-N,N-二异丙基氨基哌啶基,4-羟基哌啶基,4-(4-甲基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-异丙基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-乙酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基)哌啶基,4-(四氢吡咯基)哌啶基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基)哌啶基;
    4-甲基哌嗪基,4-乙基哌嗪基,4-异丙基哌嗪基,4-乙酰基哌嗪基,4-叔丁氧甲酰基哌嗪基,4-甲磺酰基哌嗪基,4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-氰基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-羟基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(2-N,N-二乙基氨基乙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,4-(3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基)哌嗪基,2-氧代-哌嗪-4-基,4-(N-甲基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基,4-(N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基)哌嗪基;
    吗啡啉基,3,5-二甲基吗啡啉基,硫代吗啉基,四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基四氢吡咯基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基四氢吡咯基;
    (4)杂芳基,例如但不限于吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基;
    (5)Z 2与Z 3可以形成含氧的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
    (6)Z 4与Z 5可以形成含氮的取代或未取代的五元环或六元环;取代基可以选自与Z 1相同的取代基;
    2)氢,C1-C6烷基,环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,环己基,N,N-二甲基氨基,N,N-二乙基氨基,N,N-二异丙基氨基,2-N,N-二甲基氨基乙基,2-羟基乙基,2-吗啡啉基乙基,2-硫代吗啉基乙基,2-(4-甲基哌嗪基)乙基,3-N,N-二甲基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二乙基氨基丙基,3-N,N-二异丙基氨基丙基,3-羟基丙基,3-吗啡啉基丙基,3-硫代吗啉基丙基,3-(4-甲基哌嗪基)丙基,N-甲基-4-哌啶基,N-乙基-4-哌啶基,N-异丙基-4-哌啶基,N-乙酰基-4-哌啶基;
    R 3优选选自:
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100011
    其中n=0或1,
    当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个选自以下,其余为-H:羟基,-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基;
    或者,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的2个独立地选自以下,其余为-H(更优选Z 2,Z 4各自或者Z 2,Z 3各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H):-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基),被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基);
    当n=1时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5中的一个为苯并呋喃基,其余为-H;
    R 3更优选选自:
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100012
    其中n=0或1,
    当n=0时,Z 1,Z 2,Z 4,Z 5各自为-H,Z 3选自以下:羟基,-O-C1-C6烷基,-O-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6含氟烷基;
    或者,Z 2,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,-C1-C6烷基取代的5元杂芳基(更优选-C1-C6烷基取代的咪唑基);
    或者,Z 2,Z 3各自或Z 3,Z 4各自独立地选自以下,其余为-H:-C1-C6含氟烷基,被-C1-C6烷基取代的6元杂环基-C1-C6烷基(更优选被-C1-C6烷基取代的哌嗪基-C1-C6烷基);
    当n=1时,Z 1,Z 3,Z 4,Z 5各自为-H,Z 2为苯并呋喃基;
    R 3最优选选自:
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100013
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的用途,其中,所述化合物选自以下:
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100014
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100015
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100016
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的用途,其中,所述化合物为结合秋水仙碱位点的微管抑制剂。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的用途,其中,所述多药耐药癌症选自耐紫杉醇的癌症、耐阿霉素的癌症。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的用途,其中,所述多药耐药癌症选自耐紫杉醇的宫颈癌、耐紫杉醇的卵巢癌和耐阿霉素的慢性粒细胞白血病。
  8. 一种蛋白质-药物分子复合物,其由与以下化合物络合的αβ-微管蛋白、stathmin样蛋白RB3和微管蛋白酪氨酸连接酶(T2R-TTL)组成:
    Figure PCTCN2018083043-appb-100017
  9. 权利要求1-4中任一项所列出的化合物在制备用于治疗癌症的药物中的用途,其中所述癌症选自:宫颈癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌细胞、肾母细胞瘤、子宫内膜癌、子宫肉瘤、人T淋巴瘤、以及微管抑制剂在临床上可治疗的癌症诸如胆管癌、脑癌、食道癌、头颈癌、肠癌、肾癌、淋巴瘤、肌肉癌、神经系统癌、胰腺癌、胸膜癌、皮肤癌、甲状腺癌、泌尿道癌、子宫癌、女外阴癌。
PCT/CN2018/083043 2018-04-13 2018-04-13 杂芳基酰胺类化合物的抗肿瘤多药耐药性、治疗癌症的用途和蛋白质-药物分子复合物 WO2019196111A1 (zh)

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