WO2019196104A1 - 具有自支撑纳米片的纳米材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
具有自支撑纳米片的纳米材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019196104A1 WO2019196104A1 PCT/CN2018/083020 CN2018083020W WO2019196104A1 WO 2019196104 A1 WO2019196104 A1 WO 2019196104A1 CN 2018083020 W CN2018083020 W CN 2018083020W WO 2019196104 A1 WO2019196104 A1 WO 2019196104A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/04—Oxides
Definitions
- a method for preparing a nano material having a plurality of layers of self-supporting metal hydroxide and/or metal oxide nanosheets comprising the steps of:
- the thickness of the metal piece is preferably from 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the raw material metal particle size used is less than 0.1 ⁇ m, the specific surface area is too large, the reaction is too intense, and the oxide or hydroxide does not completely follow the surface growth with the lowest surface energy, so that the nanosheet structure cannot be formed; and the raw material metal particles
- the size exceeds 100 ⁇ m the specific surface area is too small, the reaction rate is very slow, the nanosheet cannot grow continuously, and it changes to other morphology during the growth process, and it cannot form a self-supporting metal hydroxide and/or metal on the core surface.
- Oxide nanosheets when the thickness of the metal sheet used is less than 0.1 ⁇ m, the specific surface area is too large, the reaction is too intense, and the oxide or hydroxide does not completely follow the surface growth with the lowest surface energy, so the nanosheet structure cannot be formed.
- the thickness of the metal sheet exceeds 50 ⁇ m, the specific surface area is too small, the reaction rate is very slow, the nanosheet cannot grow continuously, and it changes to other morphology during the growth process, and it cannot form a multilayer self-supporting metal hydroxide on the core surface. And/or metal oxide nanosheets.
- Neutral or alkaline conditions can promote the production and growth of metal hydroxides/oxides, which facilitate the formation of multiple layers of self-supporting metal hydroxide and/or metal oxide nanosheets on the surface of the metal core.
- concentration of OH- in the solution is too high, the corrosion is too strong, and the metal is directly etched, and even the nanostructures that have been formed are destroyed.
- the pH of the aqueous solution is from 7 to 14.
- the reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature not exceeding 80 °C.
- the further modified reaction temperature as the above production method is preferably from 15 to 45 °C.
- the drying temperature is further preferably not more than 80 ° C, and the metal hydroxide/oxide nanosheet may be better prevented from being destroyed below 60 ° C.
- the stirring rate is 50-500 Rpm.
- the metal is an alloy formed of a transition metal element or a transition metal. Further, the metal is selected from at least one of cobalt, nickel, copper, iron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, or an alloy of at least two metal elements. Alloys include, but are not limited to, nickel-cobalt alloys, nickel-iron alloys, copper-nickel alloys, iron-cobalt-nickel alloys, cobalt-zinc alloys, and the like.
- the particle size of the metal core after the reaction is 0.05 ⁇ m to 20 Mm. Further, after the reaction, the particle diameter of the granular metal core is 0.05 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m; and the particle size of the sheet metal core is 0.05 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the average thickness of the sheet metal core after the completion of the reaction is 0.01 to 1 ⁇ m.
- the average thickness of the nanosheets after the end of the reaction is from 1 nm to 50 nm.
- the length of the nanosheet after the end of the reaction is from 100 nm to 100 ⁇ m.
- the reaction time can be adjusted accordingly depending on the size of the starting metal particles used, the reaction temperature, and the characteristics of the nanomaterials including, but not limited to, the particle size of the metal core, the thickness of the nanosheet, and the length.
- the reaction time is at least 2 hours, preferably 5 hours or more, such as 5 to 15 hours, 5 to 10 hours.
- the preparation method of the metal sheet comprises: mixing metal particles having an average particle size of 1 to 50 ⁇ m and a surfactant, and ball milling to obtain a metal piece.
- the surfactant is polyethylene glycol added in an amount of 0.5 to 5% by mass of the metal particles.
- the specific surface area of the metal or alloy can be greatly increased at a low cost, and a large number of dislocations and defects are introduced, and the corrosion process of the metal or alloy is accelerated. Since the thickness of the flake metal powder can easily reach the nanometer order, the electrochemical potential generated during the corrosion process is strengthened, and the corrosion is further accelerated. In addition, some metal-soluble transition products are produced during the metal corrosion process, resulting in a continuous growth process of the surface nanosheets, forming a large number of interdigitated metal hydroxide nanosheets on the surface of the metal or alloy. It is advantageous to obtain multilayer self-supporting metal hydroxide and/or metal oxide nanosheets with superior performance.
- the above multilayer self-supporting metal hydroxide and/or metal oxide nanosheets are used as catalytic, adsorption or energy storage materials.
- the invention only uses the transition metal or its alloy powder as a raw material, and the aqueous solution is a solvent, and the material can be prepared on a large scale by the corrosion reaction of water on the metal.
- the preparation method is simple and easy to operate, green and environmentally friendly, does not require any chemical reagents, and utilizes the principle of metal corrosion to accelerate the corrosion process by utilizing the large specific surface area of the metal particles at the micro scale.
- the high curvature of the small metal particles exacerbates the stress between the corrosion product (metal hydroxide) and the original metal particles, thereby ensuring the metal hydroxide and/or metal oxide nanosheets and metal surfaces generated by the corrosion. Uninterrupted separation.
- a partially soluble water-soluble transition product is produced during the metal corrosion process, resulting in a continuous growth process of the surface nanosheets, forming a large number of interdigitated metal hydroxides and/or metal oxide nanoparticles on the surface of the metal particles. sheet.
- Fig. 1 is an electron micrograph of a cobalt powder raw material used in the present example, and it can be seen that the powder is a spherical powder having an average size of 1 ⁇ m.
- Fig. 2 is an electron micrograph of the flake cobalt powder prepared in the present example.
- the prepared cobalt hydroxide/oxide multi-stage nanosheet has an average thickness of 1 micrometer, a size of 10 to 100 micrometers, a cobalt metal sheet core thickness of less than 0.1 micrometer, and an average thickness of the cobalt hydroxide/oxide nanosheet. 5 nanometers.
- the cobalt hydroxide/oxide nanosheets prepared in this example were subjected to a current test to further characterize the energy storage characteristics of the nanosheets.
- the specific test method is as follows: the self-supporting metal hydroxide/oxide nanosheet prepared in Example 1 is dispersed in deionized water at a concentration of 2 mg/ml, and then 10 ⁇ l of the suspension is uniformly dropped at 0.07 cm 2 .
- the glassy carbon electrode is equipped as a three-electrode system as a positive electrode, the counter electrode is a platinum wire, the reference electrode is a Hg/HgO electrode, and the electrolyte is a 1 mol/L potassium hydroxide solution, and the OER performance is tested by an electrochemical workstation.
- the scanning speed is 5mV/s, the accuracy is 1mV, and the voltage window is 0.3 ⁇ 1V.
- the self-supporting cobalt hydroxide/oxide nanosheet current-voltage curve prepared in Test Example 1 is shown in Fig. 11 (voltage is a standard hydrogen electrode voltage). It can be seen that the nanosheets have better electrocatalytic properties.
- the prepared cobalt hydroxide/oxide nanosheet has an average thickness of 200 nm, a size of 1 to 10 ⁇ m, a nickel-cobalt metal sheet core thickness of less than 20 nm, and a cobalt nickel hydroxide/oxide nanosheet average thickness of 5 Nano.
- the prepared cobalt-nickel-iron hydroxide/oxide nanosheet has an average thickness of 2 ⁇ m and a size of 5 to 50 ⁇ m, and the core thickness of the cobalt-nickel-iron metal sheet is less than 100 nm, and the cobalt-nickel hydroxide/oxide nanosheet average The thickness is 20 nm.
- the prepared nickel zinc hydroxide/oxide nanosheet has an average thickness of 1 micrometer and a size of 5 to 50 micrometers, a nickel-zinc metal foil core thickness of less than 100 nanometers, and an average thickness of the cobalt nickel hydroxide/oxide nanosheet. 10 nanometers.
- the prepared copper zinc hydroxide/oxide nanosheet has an average thickness of 1 micrometer, a size of 10 to 100 micrometers, a copper-zinc metal foil core thickness of less than 100 nanometers, and an average thickness of the copper zinc hydroxide/oxide nanosheet. 5 nanometers.
- Figure 8 is a micron cobalt powder prepared in this example.
- Figure 9 is an electron micrograph of the cobalt hydroxide/oxide particles prepared in this example.
- Figure 10 is an electron micrograph of a cross section of the cobalt hydroxide/oxide particles prepared in this example. It can be seen that there is a large amount of gap between the sheet and the sheet layer of the self-supporting cobalt hydroxide/oxide particles. The overall shape is good. However, compared to the sheet-like nanosheets, the core remains more and the specific surface area is smaller.
- Example 2 The same as in Example 1, except that the flaky cobalt powder obtained by ball milling was reacted at 100 ° C for 2 h to prepare a nano material.
- the prepared cobalt hydroxide/oxide nanosheets have an average size of 1 ⁇ m and an average thickness of 5
- the self-supporting nanosheet particle size is about 5 [mu]m.
- Figure 12 is an electron micrograph of the cobalt powder raw material used in the present example, and it can be seen that the powder is a spherical powder having an average size of 1 Mm.
- Figure 13 is an electron micrograph of the cobalt hydroxide/oxide nanosheet prepared in this example. It can be seen that there is a large amount of gap between the sheet and the layer of the self-supporting cobalt hydroxide/oxide nanosheet. The overall shape is good.
- Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of the sample with the metal core inside it clearly visible.
- the cobalt hydroxide/oxide nanosheets prepared in this example were subjected to a current test to further characterize the energy storage characteristics of the nanosheets.
- the specific test method is:
- the self-supporting cobalt hydroxide/oxide nanosheet current-voltage curve prepared in Test Example 7 is shown in Fig. 20 (voltage is a standard hydrogen electrode voltage). It can be seen that the nanosheets have better electrocatalytic properties.
- the prepared iron hydroxide/oxide nanosheets have an average size of 200 nm, an average thickness of 5 nm, and a self-supporting nanosheet particle size of about 1 Mm.
- the average size of 10g is 20 Mixing ⁇ m of nickel-cobalt alloy powder with 5 ml of deionized water, and letting the reaction stand at 30-450 ° C for 36 hours;
- the prepared nickel cobalt hydroxide/oxide nanosheets have an average size of 1 ⁇ m, an average thickness of 5 nm, and a self-supporting nanosheet particle size of about 3 Mm.
- the prepared nickel iron hydroxide/oxide nanosheets have an average size of 3 ⁇ m, an average thickness of 50 nm, and a self-supporting nanosheet particle size of about 10 Mm.
- the prepared cobalt hydroxide/oxide nanosheets had an average size of 200 nm and an average thickness of 20 nm.
- the Raman map (Fig. 21) shows that the material is Co 3 O 4 (having 481, 519, 616, 686, which are four characteristic peaks).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (19)
- 一种具有自支撑金属氢氧化物和/或金属氧化物纳米片的纳米材料,纳米材料具有金属核,金属核的颗粒尺寸为0.05 μm~20 μm,金属核表面为对应金属氢氧化物和/或金属氧化物纳米片形成的自支撑结构。
- 根据权利要求1所述的纳米材料,其特征在于:金属核为颗粒状或片状。
- 根据权利要求2所述的纳米材料,其特征在于:颗粒状金属核的粒径为0.05 μm~10 μm;片状金属核的颗粒尺寸为0.05 μm~10 μm。
- 根据权利要求2或3所述的纳米材料,其特征在于:片状金属核的平均厚度为0.01~1μm。
- 根据权利要求1~4任一项所述的纳米材料,其特征在于:纳米片的平均厚度为1 nm~50 nm。
- 根据权利要求1~5任一项所述的纳米材料,其特征在于:纳米片的长度为100nm~100μm。
- 根据权利要求1~4任一项所述的纳米材料,其特征在于:金属为过渡金属元素或过渡金属形成的合金。
- 根据权利要求7所述的纳米材料,其特征在于:金属选自钴、镍、铜、铁、锌、锰、钼中的至少一种,或至少两种金属元素形成的合金。
- 一种具有多层自支撑金属氢氧化物和/或金属氧化物纳米片的纳米材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:1) 将平均颗粒尺寸为1 μm~100 μm的金属片或金属颗粒与水溶液混合,不高于80℃下反应充分;2) 反应结束后过滤,洗涤,不高于100℃下干燥,得到具有自支撑金属氢氧化物和/或金属氧化物纳米片的纳米材料。
- 根据权利要求9所述的制备方法,其特征在于:水溶液的pH为7~14。
- 根据权利要求9或10所述的制备方法,其特征在于:金属为过渡金属元素或过渡金属形成的合金。
- 根据权利要求11所述的制备方法,其特征在于:金属选自钴、镍、铜、铁、锌、锰、钼中的至少一种,或至少两种金属元素形成的合金。
- 根据权利要求9~12任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于:反应结束后颗粒状金属核的粒径为0.05 μm~10 μm;片状金属核的颗粒尺寸为0.05 μm~10 μm。
- 根据权利要求9~13任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于:反应结束后片状金属核的平均厚度为0.01~1μm。
- 根据权利要求9~14任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于:反应结束后纳米片的平均厚度为1 nm~50 nm。
- 根据权利要求9~15任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于:反应结束后纳米片的长度为100nm~100μm。
- 根据权利要求9~12任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于:金属片的制备方法包括:将平均颗粒为1~50μm的金属颗粒和表面活性剂混合,球磨得到金属片。
- 根据权利要求13所述的制备方法,其特征在于:表面活性剂为聚乙二醇,其添加量为金属颗粒质量的0.5~5%。
- 具有自支撑金属氢氧化物和/或金属氧化物纳米片的纳米材料作为催化、吸附或储能材料的应用,其特征在于:具有自支撑金属氢氧化物和/或金属氧化物纳米片的纳米材料作如权利要求1~8任一项所述,或按权利要求9~18任一项所述制备方法制备得到。
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| PCT/CN2018/083020 WO2019196104A1 (zh) | 2018-04-13 | 2018-04-13 | 具有自支撑纳米片的纳米材料及其制备方法和应用 |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| PCT/CN2018/083020 WO2019196104A1 (zh) | 2018-04-13 | 2018-04-13 | 具有自支撑纳米片的纳米材料及其制备方法和应用 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105469901A (zh) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-04-06 | 燕山大学 | 一种基于原位生长制备氢氧化镍-氧化镍薄膜电极的方法 |
| WO2017040355A1 (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-09 | University Of Massachusetts | Compositions and methods for co2 adsorption and conversion to long-chain hydrocarbons |
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- 2018-04-13 WO PCT/CN2018/083020 patent/WO2019196104A1/zh not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017040355A1 (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-09 | University Of Massachusetts | Compositions and methods for co2 adsorption and conversion to long-chain hydrocarbons |
| CN105469901A (zh) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-04-06 | 燕山大学 | 一种基于原位生长制备氢氧化镍-氧化镍薄膜电极的方法 |
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