WO2019196102A1 - 天线和电子设备 - Google Patents

天线和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019196102A1
WO2019196102A1 PCT/CN2018/083008 CN2018083008W WO2019196102A1 WO 2019196102 A1 WO2019196102 A1 WO 2019196102A1 CN 2018083008 W CN2018083008 W CN 2018083008W WO 2019196102 A1 WO2019196102 A1 WO 2019196102A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
branch
segment
piece
radiating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/083008
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邵金进
余忠洋
谭细金
马良
格尔巴特伊莱
卡迪特维兹迈克尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to CN201880092316.4A priority Critical patent/CN111954956B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/083008 priority patent/WO2019196102A1/zh
Publication of WO2019196102A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019196102A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to a metal piece antenna and an electronic device.
  • An antenna is built in the electronic device to implement RF signal transmission and reception.
  • a WIFI antenna is installed in an Optical Network Termination (ONT) product to increase the wireless network signal.
  • the electronic device is oriented toward multi-function and small volume. It is used to set the internal space of the antenna to be compressed continuously. The ideal space required for the built-in antenna to maintain better omnidirectional characteristics is continuously challenged, and finally the ideal characteristics of the antenna itself in the electronic device are affected. influences.
  • the internal space of the electronic device is compressed and the functional devices are increased, the actual clearance area of the antenna is inevitably reduced, resulting in the antenna radiation performance being affected by other components in the device, especially the omnidirectional characteristics of the antenna.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna that is disposed inside an electronic device and can maintain an omnidirectional feature of the antenna under a low headroom condition to achieve a better coverage effect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, including a power feeding piece, a first radiating section, a short-circuiting branch, a second radiating section, and a feeding ground, which are sequentially connected, where the first radiating section and the feeding piece are not Coplanar, the first radiating section is bent and extended from the feeding piece, and the bending and extending means that the portion of the first radiating section connected to the feeding piece is formed by bending the edge of the feeding piece by the sheet metal part.
  • the angle between the two faces may be 90 degrees or other angles. The present application does not limit the angle between the first radiating section and the feed piece.
  • the second radiating section and the first radiating section are oppositely disposed on opposite sides of the feeding piece, and the first radiating section and the second radiating section are both located on a plane of the feeding piece.
  • a structure resembling a " ⁇ " shape is formed between the first radiating section, the second radiating section, and the plane in which the feed sheet is located.
  • the short-circuiting branch is configured to reduce a phase imbalance of an electromagnetic wave signal of the first radiating segment and an electromagnetic wave signal of the second radiating segment, the feeding being disposed adjacent to the feeding piece, and the feeding ground a gap is provided between the feed sheet and the feed ground and the first radiating section, and the feed piece and the feed ground are respectively used for inner and outer conductors of the radio frequency cable Electrical connection.
  • the first radiating section and the second radiating section are disposed opposite to each other on the two sides of the feeding piece, and the first radiating section and the second radiating section are both located on the plane of the feeding piece.
  • a side, and the short-circuiting branch is connected in series between the first radiating section and the second radiating section to adjust a phase of the electromagnetic wave signal, so that the antenna forms a three-dimensional structure, so that the current distribution on the antenna is in a three-dimensional dispersed state, and the first radiating section and the second
  • the radiating segments can be mutually radiated, and the traditional antenna is grounded through the single board.
  • the conventional antenna needs to be fed and grounded at the same time.
  • the grounding strip is electrically connected to the ground of the board to ground the antenna.
  • the grounding strip needs to be additionally added, and the ground of the single board is not needed.
  • the first radiating section and the second radiating section are adopted by the first radiating section and the second radiating section and the short-circuiting branch, the feeding piece and the feeding ground. Forming a complementary structure instead of a single board. Therefore, the present application reduces coupling components between the antenna and other electronic devices and circuit boards in the electronic device, improves antenna radiation performance, and ensures antenna omnidirectionality. Emission characteristics.
  • the length of the radiation path of the first radiant section is greater than the length of the radiant path of the second radiant section.
  • the second radiating section is closer to the circuit board or other electronic device in the electronic device than the first radiating section, because the radiation path of the first radiating section is larger than the radiating path of the second radiating section, such that the antenna Under the condition of low headroom, since the second radiating section is close to the circuit board and the radiation path is short, the coupling strength between the antenna radiator and the circuit board and the electronic device near the antenna can be weakened, and the omnidirectional radiation characteristics of the antenna can be ensured.
  • the feed ground is not coplanar with the second radiating segment, and the feed is coplanar with the feed sheet.
  • the plane of the first radiant section is perpendicular to a plane in which the feed piece is located, and the plane of the second radiant section is parallel to the plane of the first radiant section.
  • the feeding is bent and extended from the second radiating section toward the feeding piece and the first radiating section.
  • the feeding ground and the second radiating section are respectively disposed on two intersecting faces, and the feeding ground may be perpendicular to a plane where the second radiating section is located.
  • the angle between the feeding ground and the second radiating section may also be In other angles, the present embodiment is advantageous for a small size of the antenna as long as the surface where the feeding ground is located intersects the surface where the second radiating section is located and the feed is ensured to extend in the direction of the feeding piece and the first radiating section.
  • the feed ground and the feed sheet can be coplanar.
  • the first radiant section includes a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment that are sequentially connected, and the first segment is bent and extended from an edge of the feeding piece, and the second segment Vertically connected between the first segment and the third segment, and the first segment and the third segment are located on the same side of the second segment;
  • the second radiant segment includes a fourth segment and In a fifth segment, the fourth segment is bent from an edge of the feed ground, and the fifth segment is perpendicular to the fourth segment to form an L-shaped structure; the first segment is facing the fourth a segment, the fifth segment being facing the second segment.
  • the present embodiment defines a specific structure of a first radiant section and a second radiant section, the first section being facing the fourth section, and the setting of the fifth section facing the second section can satisfy
  • the first radiating section and the second radiating section are mutually radiated
  • the third section is a radiating section of the first radiating section relative to the second radiating section, which ensures that the radiating path of the first radiating section is larger than the radiating path of the second radiating section.
  • first segment and the third segment both extend from the second segment toward the first direction, and the edge of the second segment facing away from the first direction is the first edge
  • the fourth segment extends from the fifth segment toward the first direction, the edge of the fifth segment facing away from the first direction is a second edge, and the second edge is at the second radiation
  • the orthographic projection on the plane in which the segment is located coincides with the first side, and the second side is aligned with the first side, that is, the outer edges of the first and second radiating segments are aligned.
  • the short-circuiting branch includes a first branch, a connecting piece and a second branch extending sequentially between the first radiating section and the second radiating section, the first branch and the The first radiating section is coplanar and connected to one end of the first section away from the second section, the second branch is coplanar with the second radiating section and connected to the fourth section away from the first At one end of the five segments, the first branch and the second branch are oppositely disposed, and the connecting piece is connected between the first branch and the second branch to form a three-dimensional space structure.
  • the embodiment defines a specific structure of the short-circuiting branch.
  • the first branch and the second branch are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the connecting piece, and the connecting piece may be a straight strip shape or an arc shape, and the connecting piece may be combined with
  • the feed piece and the feed ground are coplanar such that the plane defined by the connecting piece and the feed piece and the feed together is a central region connected between the first radiating section and the second radiating section.
  • the first branch and the second branch may be U-shaped.
  • the shape of the first branch and the second branch are not limited in this application, and the shape of the specific branches may be adjusted without affecting the overall structure of the antenna. size.
  • the short length of the shorting stub is one-half wavelength, and the wavelength is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna.
  • the one-half wavelength setting is such that the short-circuiting branch forms a 180-degree inverter for adjusting the phase of the electromagnetic wave signal of the first radiating section and the second radiating section such that the phase of the electromagnetic wave signal of the first radiating section and the second radiating section.
  • the phase balance of the electromagnetic wave signals is equal, thereby ensuring the radiation performance of the antenna.
  • the first branch and the second branch are identical in structure, and are mirror images disposed on both sides of the connecting piece.
  • the feed sheet and the feed are coplanar or parallel.
  • the projections of the feeding piece and the feeding ground on the first radiant section and the second radiant section are located at the edge positions of the first radiant section and the second radiant, and do not fall.
  • the inside of the first radiating section and the second radiating section are inserted so as not to interfere with the electromagnetic wave signals radiated by the first radiating section and the second radiating section.
  • an angle between a plane in which the first radiating segment is located and the feed sheet is equal to an angle between a plane in which the second radiating segment is located and the feed ground.
  • the embodiment defines that the surface where the first radiating section and the surface of the second radiating section are symmetrically distributed, and the center of symmetry is the feeding piece and the feeding ground.
  • the feeding is in the form of a strip-shaped sheet
  • the feeding ground comprises a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other, and the first end and the feeding piece are formed between a gap
  • the first end is for connecting an outer conductor of the radio frequency cable
  • the antenna further includes a guiding piece, the guiding piece is connected to the second end, and the guiding piece is from the The two ends extend obliquely away from the second radiating section and away from the first end.
  • the guiding piece has a sheet-like structure, and the angle between the guiding piece and the feeding ground is an obtuse angle, and the feeding ground and the guiding piece are used for guiding the extending direction of the RF cable, that is, the end of the RF cable is fixed.
  • the RF cable extends along the extending direction of the feeding ground and the guiding piece, such that the RF cable is located in the first radiant section and the second radiant section to see the projection area
  • the interference of the radio frequency cable to the electromagnetic wave signals of the first radiating section and the second radiating section can be reduced, and the influence on the antenna performance can be reduced.
  • the RF cable can be soldered and fixed to the feeding and guiding sheets, which can improve the stability of the RF cable welding and the consistency of the outgoing path, that is, the outgoing path is fixed.
  • the antenna further includes a fixing leg extending from the second radiating section toward a direction away from the first radiating section, and the fixing leg is used for fixing the antenna to an electronic The board inside the device.
  • the antenna is a metal sheet structure, that is, a unitary structure formed by bending.
  • the short-circuiting branch includes a first branch, a connecting piece and a second branch electrically connected in series between the first radiating section and the second radiating section, the first branch The section is coplanar with the first radiating section, the second branch is coplanar with the second radiating section, the first branch and the second branch are oppositely disposed, and the feeding piece is from the first The direction in which the edge of the radiant section is bent and extended is the same as the direction in which the connecting piece is bent from the edge of the first branch, the feed piece, the first radiant section, and the first branch Forming a metal sheet structure together with the connecting piece, the second radiating section, the feeding ground and the second branch are microstrip line structures formed on a surface of the circuit board, by connecting the connecting piece to the The second branch connects the sheet metal structure to the microstrip line structure.
  • the plane of the first branch and the first radiating section is parallel to a plane where the second branch and the second radiating section are located, the feeding piece and the connecting piece Coplanar, and the plane of the feeding piece and the connecting piece is perpendicular to a plane where the first branch and the first radiating section are located.
  • the present application further provides an electronic device including a radio frequency module and the antenna, and the radio frequency module is electrically connected to the power feeding piece through the radio frequency cable.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of another direction of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the antenna of Figure 3 mounted on a circuit board
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present application, wherein a part of the antenna is a microstrip line disposed on the circuit board;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the antenna shown in Figure 5 disposed on a circuit board;
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application relates to an antenna for use in an electronic device.
  • the electronic device may be an optical network termination (ONT), a mobile terminal, or the like.
  • the antenna is a stereoscopic antenna built in the electronic device, and may be a wifi antenna or an antenna.
  • the wall can be hung on the inner surface of the casing of the electronic device or the bracket in the casing, and the antenna can also be fixedly connected to the circuit board in the electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes a radio frequency module disposed on the circuit board, and the radio frequency module is electrically connected to the feeding piece of the antenna to feed the antenna, and the radio frequency module and the feeding piece can be electrically connected through the radio frequency cable.
  • the antenna provided by the present application is a three-dimensional structure, and the basic configuration of the antenna is constructed by radiating the two spatially opposite radiating segments without the need to connect the circuit board.
  • the basic structure of the IFA antenna of the antenna provided by the present application is provided.
  • the complementary structure design eliminates the dependence of the IFA antenna on the board. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
  • the antenna includes a feed piece 10, a first radiating section 20, a short-circuiting branch 30, a second radiating section 40, and a feeding ground 50, which are sequentially connected, and the first radiating section 20 is
  • the feed piece 10 is bent and extended, that is, the first radiating section 20 and the feeding piece 10 are not coplanar, and the bent extension means that the portion of the first radiating section 20 connected to the feeding piece 10 is self-fed edge of the feeding piece 10.
  • the sheet metal member (for example, a metal sheet) is formed on two faces by bending, and the angle between the two faces may be 90 degrees or other angles. The present application does not apply to the first radiant section 20 and the feed. The angle between the electric sheets 10 is limited.
  • the second radiating section 40 and the first radiating section 20 are oppositely disposed on opposite sides of the feeding piece 10, and the second radiating section 40 and the first radiating section 20 are both located on the feeding piece 10 is on the same side of the plane.
  • the vertical projection of the second radiant section 10 on the plane of the first radiant section 20 at least partially coincides with the first radiant section 20, or the vertical projection of the second radiant section 10 on the plane of the first radiant section 20 It falls within the range of the first radiant section 20.
  • a three-dimensional structure similar to a " ⁇ " shape is formed between the first radiating section 20, the second radiating section 40, and the plane in which the feed sheet 10 is located.
  • the plane of the feeding piece 10 is perpendicular to the plane where the first radiating section 20 is located, and is also perpendicular to the plane of the second radiating section 40, due to the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40.
  • the vertical projection of the feed piece 10 on the plane of the first radiant section 20 is located outside the edge of the first radiant section 20, and does not interfere with the electromagnetic wave signal of the first radiant section 20.
  • the vertical projection of the feed piece 10 on the plane of the second radiant section 40 is located outside the edge of the second radiant section 40, and does not interfere with the electromagnetic wave signal of the second radiant section 40.
  • the feeding ground 50 is disposed adjacent to the feeding piece 10, and the feeding ground 50 is connected to an edge of the second radiating section 40 adjacent to the feeding piece 10, and the feeding ground 50 and the feeding A gap is provided between the sheets 10 and between the feeding ground 50 and the first radiating section 20, in other words, the feeding ground 50 is insulated from the feeding sheet 10, and the feeding ground 50 and the first radiation
  • the segments 20 are also insulated and isolated.
  • the feed piece 10 and the feed floor 50 are respectively used for electrical connection with the inner and outer conductors of the radio frequency cable.
  • the radio frequency cable is used for feeding an electromagnetic wave signal to the antenna.
  • the inner and outer conductors of the radio frequency cable are respectively connected to the feeding piece 10 and the feeding ground 50, and the electromagnetic wave signal fed by the radio frequency cable into the first radiating section 20 and the electromagnetic wave signal fed into the second radiating section 40.
  • the electromagnetic wave signal is 180 degrees out of phase
  • the short circuit branch is used to reduce the phase unbalance of the electromagnetic wave signal of the first radiating section 20 and the electromagnetic wave signal of the second radiating section 40, and the shorting branch makes the first radiating section 20
  • the electromagnetic wave signal and the electromagnetic wave signal of the second radiating section 40 have the same phase.
  • the feeding ground 50 is not coplanar with the second radiating section 40, and the feeding ground 50 is coplanar with the feeding piece 10, and the plane of the first radiating section 20 is The plane in which the second radiating section 40 is located is parallel to the plane of the first radiating section 20, which is perpendicular to the plane in which the feed piece 10 is located.
  • the feeding ground 50 is coplanar with the feeding sheet 10, which is only the basic structure of the present application, and the feeding piece 10 and the feeding ground 50 form an angle, or both are located on two parallel sides. This application can also be implemented.
  • the plane in which the first radiating section 20 is located and the plane in which the second radiating section 40 is located are also only the basic architecture of the present application, on the basis of which appropriate deformation is allowed, for example, the plane in which the first radiating section 20 is located and The plane in which the second radiating section 40 is located is an intersecting plane, and an angle is formed therebetween.
  • the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40 are oppositely disposed on the same side of the plane of the feeding piece 10, and the short-circuiting branch 30 is connected between the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40 to adjust the electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the phase is such that the antenna forms a three-dimensional structure, so that the current distribution on the antenna is in a three-dimensional dispersed state, and the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40 can mutually radiate the ground, thereby eliminating the way that the conventional antenna is grounded through the single board.
  • the conventional antenna needs to be fed and grounded at the same time, and is usually electrically connected to the ground of the board through the grounding strip to ground the antenna.
  • the present application does not require an additional grounding strip, and does not need to additionally set the ground of the single board.
  • the arrangement of the radiant section 20 and the second radiant section 40 and the shorting stubs, the feed tab 10 and the feed ground 50 are such that the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40 form a complementary structure, replacing the single board.
  • the application reduces the coupling component between the antenna and the electronic device and the circuit board in the electronic device, improves the radiation performance of the antenna, and ensures the omnidirectional radiation characteristics of the antenna.
  • the length of the radiation path of the first radiant section 20 is greater than the length of the radiation path of the second radiant section 40.
  • the second radiating section 40 is closer to the circuit board and other electronic components in the electronic device than the first radiating section 20, since the radiating path of the first radiating section 20 is larger than the radiating path of the second radiating section 40.
  • the feed ground 50 extends from the second radiating section 40 in a direction toward the feed sheet 10 and the first radiating section 20.
  • the feeding ground 50 and the second radiating section 40 are respectively disposed on two intersecting faces, and the feeding ground 50 may be perpendicular to the plane of the second radiating section 40, of course, between the feeding ground 50 and the second radiating section 40.
  • the angle can also be other angles, as long as the surface where the feeding ground 50 is located intersects the surface where the second radiating section 40 is located, and the feeding ground 50 is ensured to extend in the direction of the feeding piece 10 and the first radiating section 20.
  • a small volume design that is advantageous for the size of the antenna can be realized.
  • the feed 50 and the feed 10 can be coplanar.
  • the first radiating section 20 includes a first segment 21, a second segment 22 and a third segment 23 connected in series, and the first segment 21 is bent and extended from an edge of the feeding sheet 10.
  • the second section 22 is vertically connected between the first section 21 and the third section, and the first section 21 and the third section 23 are oppositely disposed, and the first section 21 and the third section
  • the segment 23 extends in the same direction from the second segment 22;
  • the second radiating segment 40 includes a fourth segment 41 and a fifth segment 42 that are bent from the edge of the feed floor 50,
  • the fifth section 42 is perpendicular to the fourth section 41 and constitutes an L-shaped structure; the first section 21 faces the fourth section 41, and the fifth section 42 faces the second section 22.
  • the present embodiment defines a specific structure of a first radiating section 20 and a second radiating section 40, the first section 21 facing the fourth section 41, and the fifth section 42 facing the second section
  • the segment 22 can be arranged to satisfy the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40 radiating to each other, and the third section 23 is a radiating branch of the first radiating section 20 relative to the second radiating section 40, and the first radiating section 20 is ensured.
  • the radiation path is greater than the radiation path of the second radiant section 40.
  • the extending direction dimension of the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40 is a length, and the dimension perpendicular to the extending direction is a width.
  • the first segment 21 has a rectangular shape and the widths at the respective positions in the extending direction are the same.
  • the second segment 22, the third segment 23, and the fifth segment 42 are similar in structure to the first segment 21, and each has a rectangular shape.
  • the fourth section 41 includes a first portion 411 and a second portion 412 which are sequentially disposed in the extending direction thereof, the first portion 411 is coupled between the second portion 412 and the shorting branch 30, and the second portion 412 is coupled to the first portion 411 and the fifth portion Between segments 42.
  • the first portion 411 and the second portion 412 are each rectangular, but the width of the first portion 411 is greater than the width of the second portion 412.
  • the second portion 412 faces the edge of the feed piece 10 and forms a gap together with the edge of the first portion 411.
  • the notch is provided for achieving insulation isolation between the feed piece 10 and the second radiating section 40.
  • the first radiant section 20 in this embodiment includes three branches (ie, the first segment 21, the second segment 22, and the third segment 23).
  • the number and shape of the segments included in the first radiant segment 20 It can be changed, for example, each branch can be curved.
  • the number of branches included in the second radiating section 40 is not limited to two, and the shape of the branches may be other shapes.
  • first segment 21 and the third segment 23 both extend from the second segment 22 toward the first direction, and the second segment 22 faces away from the edge of the first direction.
  • a first side the fourth section 41 extends from the fifth section 42 toward a first direction, and an edge of the fifth section 42 facing away from the first direction is a second side
  • the second An orthographic projection on a plane in which the second radiating section 40 is located coincides with the first side, the second side being aligned with the first side, that is, the outer edges of the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40 are aligned .
  • the short-circuiting branch 30 includes a first branch 31, a connecting piece 33 and a second branch 32 extending in sequence between the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40,
  • the first branch 31 is coplanar with the first radiating section 20 and is connected to one end of the first section 21 away from the second section 22, and the second branch 32 is coplanar with the second radiating section 40 And connected to one end of the fourth segment 41 away from the fifth segment 42, the first branch 31 and the second branch 32 are oppositely disposed, and the connecting piece 33 is connected to the first branch 31
  • a three-dimensional space structure is formed between the second branch 32 and the second branch 32.
  • the present embodiment defines a specific structure of the short-circuiting branch 30.
  • the first branch 31 and the second branch 32 may be U-shaped.
  • the present application does not limit the shape of the first branch 31 and the second branch 32. If the overall structure of the antenna is not affected, the specific ones may be adjusted. The shape and size of the branches.
  • the electrical length of the shorting stub 30 is one-half wavelength, and the wavelength is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna.
  • the one-half wavelength setting is such that the short-circuiting branch 30 constitutes a 180-degree inverter for adjusting the phase of the electromagnetic wave signal of the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40 such that the phase of the electromagnetic wave signal of the first radiating section 20 is
  • the phase of the electromagnetic wave signals of the second radiating section 40 is balanced, that is, equal, thereby ensuring the radiation performance of the antenna.
  • first branch 31 and the second branch 32 have the same structure, and are mirror images disposed on both sides of the connecting piece 33.
  • the feed sheet 10 and the feed ground 50 are coplanar or parallel.
  • the projections of the feed piece 10 and the feed ground 50 on the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40 are both located in the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section.
  • the edge position of the segment 40 does not fall inside the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40, so that it does not interfere with the electromagnetic wave signals radiated by the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40.
  • an angle between a plane where the first radiating section 20 is located and the feeding piece 10 is equal to an angle between a plane where the second radiating section 40 is located and the feeding ground 50.
  • the embodiment defines that the surface on which the first radiating section 20 is located and the plane in which the second radiating section 40 is located are symmetrically distributed in a center, and the center of symmetry thereof is the feeding piece 10 and the feeding ground 50.
  • the feeding ground 50 has a strip-shaped sheet structure, and the feeding ground 50 includes oppositely disposed first ends 51 and second ends 52, the first end Forming a gap between the 51 and the feed sheet 10, the first end 51 is for connecting an outer conductor of the radio frequency cable, the antenna further includes a guiding piece 60, and the guiding piece 60 is connected to the The second end 52, the guiding piece 60 extends obliquely from the second end 52 in a direction away from the second radiating section 40 and away from the first end 51.
  • the guiding piece 60 has a sheet-like structure. As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG.
  • the angle between the guiding piece 60 and the feeding ground 50 is an obtuse angle, and the feeding ground 50 and the guiding piece 60 are used.
  • Guide the extending direction of the RF cable that is, the end of the RF cable is fixed to the feeding end 10 and the first end 51 of the feeding ground 50, and the RF cable extends along the extending direction of the feeding ground 50 and the guiding piece 60.
  • the RF cable is designed to be outside the projection area of the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40, and the interference of the radio frequency cable to the electromagnetic wave signals of the first radiating section 20 and the second radiating section 40 can be reduced, and the pair is reduced. The impact of antenna performance.
  • the RF cable can be soldered and fixed to the feeding and guiding piece 60, which can improve the stability of the welding of the RF cable and the consistency of the outgoing path, that is, the outgoing path is fixed.
  • the guiding piece 60 is a semi-enclosed arc structure, and the guiding piece 60 surrounds the holding space, and the RF cable can be buckled in the holding space of the guiding piece 60 .
  • the guiding piece 60 is a metal elastic structure, and has elastic deformation capability. After the RF cable is inserted into the holding space, the guiding piece 60 can clamp the RF cable to fix the RF cable without welding or other fixing. No work is required to be fixed, and the operator can press the RF cable to the guide piece 60 with a hand press.
  • the guiding piece 60 can be a cylindrical structure, and the guiding piece 60 encloses a receiving space for the RF cable to pass through, so that the inner diameter of the receiving space is larger than that of the RF cable. Outer diameter to facilitate the passage of RF cables.
  • the RF cable is first passed through the receiving space of the guiding piece 60, and then the inner conductor of the RF cable end is electrically connected to the feeding piece 10, and the outer conductor of the RF cable is electrically connected to the feeding ground 50.
  • the RF cable and the feed piece 10 and the feed floor 50 can be electrically connected by means of soldering, and have a fixed function.
  • the antenna is a one-piece structure formed by bending a metal sheet, and the antenna may be a steel sheet antenna, and may be mounted on the inner surface of the casing of the electronic device or the bracket in the casing by wall hanging.
  • the antenna may also be fixed to an edge position of the circuit board 200 in the electronic device.
  • the antenna further includes a fixing leg 70, and the fixing leg 70 is from the second radiation.
  • the segment 40 extends in a direction away from the first radiating section 20 for securing the antenna to a circuit board 200 within an electronic device.
  • the edge of the circuit board 200 is formed with a copper-free insulating region 201, and the fixing legs 70 can be fixed to the circuit board 200 by screwing. It is also possible to provide a pad at the insulating region 201 at the edge of the circuit board 200 to solder the fixing leg 70 to the pad.
  • the feeding piece 10, the first radiating section 20, the first branch 31 of the short-circuiting branch 30, and the connecting piece 33 together form a metal sheet structure.
  • the second radiating section 40, the feed ground 50, and the second branch 32 are microstrip lines formed on a surface of the circuit board, and the connecting piece 33 is connected to the second branch 32.
  • the metal sheet structure is connected to the microstrip line structure.
  • the connecting piece 33 is connected to the second branch 32 by soldering.
  • the microstrip line structure needs to be insulated from other electronic devices and metal layers on the circuit board.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种天线，包括依次连接的馈电片、第一辐射段、短路枝节、第二辐射段和馈电地，第一辐射段和馈电片不共面，第二辐射段和第一辐射段间隔相对设置在馈电片的两侧，且第二辐射段和第一辐射段均位于所述馈电片所在平面的同侧，所述短路枝节用于减少所述第一辐射段的电磁波信号和所述这第二辐射段的电磁波信号的相位不平衡度，馈电地邻近馈电片，且所述馈电地与所述馈电片之间及所述馈电地与所述第一辐射段之间均设有间隙，所述馈电片和所述馈电地分别用于与射频电缆的内、外导体电连接。本申请还提供一种电子设备。本申请提供的天线在低净空的条件下，仍然能够维持天线的全向特征，实现较好的覆盖效果。

Description

天线和电子设备 技术领域
本申请涉及天线技术领域，具体涉及一种金属片天线和电子设备。
背景技术
电子设备中内置天线，以实现射频信号的收发，例如光网络终端(Optical Network Termination，ONT)产品内设置WIFI天线，以增加无线网络信号。电子设备朝向多功能及小体积方向发展，其用于设置天线的内部空间不断压缩，内置天线保持较好全向特性所需的理想空间不断受到挑战，最终导致电子设备内天线自身的理想特性受到影响。当电子设备内部空间压缩且功能器件增多的情况下，天线的实际净空区必然减小，导致天线辐射性能受到设备内其它部件影响，特别是恶化了天线的全向特征。
如何设计高性能的内置天线是直接构建技术屏障和维持竞争优势的关键手段，也是业界研发的方向。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种天线，设置在电子设备内部，在低净空的条件下，仍然能够维持天线的全向特征，实现较好的覆盖效果。
一方面，本申请实施例提供一种天线，包括依次连接的馈电片、第一辐射段、短路枝节、第二辐射段和馈电地，所述第一辐射段和所述馈电片不共面，第一辐射段自馈电片弯折延伸，弯折延伸的意思是说第一辐射段与馈电片连接的部分自馈电片的边缘通过钣金件折弯的方式形成在两个面上，这两个面之间夹角可以为90度，也可以为其它的角度，本申请不对第一辐射段和馈电片之间的夹角做限定。所述第二辐射段和所述第一辐射段间隔相对设置在所述馈电片的两侧，且所述第一辐射段和所述第二辐射段均位于所述馈电片所在平面的同侧，第一辐射段、第二辐射段和馈电片所在的平面之间形成类似“П”形状的架构。所述短路枝节用于减少所述第一辐射段的电磁波信号和所述这第二辐射段的电磁波信号的相位不平衡度，所述馈电地邻近馈电片设置，且所述馈电地与所述馈电片之间及所述馈电地与所述第一辐射段之间均设有间隙，所述馈电片和所述馈电地分别用于与射频电缆的内、外导体电连接。
本申请通过第一辐射段和第二辐射段间隔相对设置在所述馈电片的两侧，且所述第一辐射段和所述第二辐射段均位于所述馈电片所在平面的同侧，且短路枝节串接在第一辐射段和第二辐射段之间调节电磁波信号的相位，使得天线形成三维结构，使得天线上的电流分布呈立体分散状态，且第一辐射段和第二辐射段可以互为辐射地的角色，取消了传统天线通过单板接地的方式，传统天线同时需要馈电和接地，通常通过接地片电连接至单板的地以使天线接地，而本申请不需要额外增加接地片，也不需要单板的地，本申请通过第一辐射段和第二辐射段及短路枝节、馈电片和馈电地的架构，使得第一辐射段和第二辐射段形成互补结构，取代单板，因此，本申请减少了天线与电子设备内的其它电子器件及电路板之间耦合分量，提升天线辐射性能，保证天线全向辐射特性。
一种实施方式中，所述第一辐射段的辐射路径的长度大于所述第二辐射段的辐射路径的长度。当天线安装在电子设备内部时，第二辐射段较第一辐射段更靠近电子设备内的电路板或其它电子器件，由于第一辐射段辐射路径大于第二辐射段的辐射路径，这样，天线在低净空的条件下，由于第二辐射段靠近电路板且辐射路径较短，可以减弱天线辐射体和天线附近的电路板及电子器件之间的耦合强度，保证天线全向辐射特征。
一种实施方式中，所述馈电地与所述第二辐射段不共面，所述馈电地与所述馈电片共面。一种实施方式中，所述第一辐射段所在的平面垂直于所述馈电片所在的平面，所述第二辐射段所在的平面平行于所述第一辐射段所述在平面。
具体而言，所述馈电地自所述第二辐射段朝向所述馈电片和所述第一辐射段的方向弯折延伸。馈电地与第二辐射段分别设置在两个相交的面上，馈电地可以垂直于第二辐射段所在的平面，当然，馈电地与第二辐射段之间的夹角也可以为其它的角度，只要保证馈电地所在的面与第二辐射段所在的面相交，且保证馈电地向馈电片和第一辐射段的方向延伸，本实施方式有利于天线尺寸的小体积的设计，一种具体的实施方式中，馈电地和馈电片可以共面。
一种实施方式中，所述第一辐射段包括依次相连的第一段、第二段和第三段，所述第一段自所述馈电片的边缘弯折延伸，所述第二段垂直连接在所述第一段和所述和三段之间，且所述第一段和所述第三段位于所述第二段的同侧；所述第二辐射段包括第四段和第五段，所述第四段自所述馈电地的边缘弯折延伸，所述第五段垂直于所述第四段，构成L形结构；所述第一段正对所述第四段，所述第五段正对所述第二段。本实施例子限定了一种第一辐射段和第二辐射段的具体的结构，所述第一段正对所述第四段，所述第五段正对所述第二段的设置可以满足第一辐射段和第二辐射段互为辐射地，第三段为第一辐射段相对第二辐射段多的辐射枝节，保证了第一辐射段的辐射路径大于第二辐射段的辐射路径。
一种实施方式中，所述第一段和所述第三段均从所述第二段朝向第一方向延伸，所述第二段背离所述第一方向的一侧的边缘为第一边，所述第四段自所述第五段朝向第一方向延伸，所述第五段背离所述第一方向的一侧的边缘为第二边，所述第二边在所述第二辐射段所在的平面上的正投影与所述第一边重合，第二边和第一边对齐，也就是第一辐射段和第二辐射段的外边缘对齐。
一种实施方式中，所述短路枝节包括在所述第一辐射段和所述第二辐射段之间依次延伸的第一枝节、连接片和第二枝节，所述第一枝节与所述第一辐射段共面且连接至所述第一段远离所述第二段的一端，所述第二枝节与所述第二辐射段共面且连接至所述第四段远离所述第五段的一端，所述第一枝节和所述第二枝节相对设置，所述连接片连接在所述第一枝节和所述第二枝节之间，形成三维空间架构。本实施方式限定了短路枝节的一种具体架构，第一枝节和第二枝节对称分布在连接片的两侧，连接片可以为直条形片状，也可以为弧形，连接片可以与馈电片和馈电地共面，这样连接片和馈电片及馈电地共同限定的平面作为连接在第一辐射段和第二辐射段的之间的中心区域。
所述第一枝节和所述第二枝节可以为U形，本申请不限定第一枝节和第二枝节的形状，不影响天线整体架构的情况下，可以调节具体的各枝节的形状和尺寸。
所述短路枝节的电长度为二分之一波长，所述波长为所述天线的中心频率对应的电磁 波信号的波长。二分之一波长的设置使得短路枝节构成180度反相器，用于调节第一辐射段和第二辐射段的电磁波信号的相位，使得第一辐射段的电磁波信号的相位与第二辐射段的电磁波信号的相位平衡，即相等，从而保证天线的辐射性能。
一种实施方式中，所述第一枝节和所述第二枝节的结构相同，且镜像布置在所述连接片的两侧。
一种实施方式中，所述馈电片和所述馈电地共面或平行。馈电片和馈电地共面的情况下，馈电片和馈电地在第一辐射段和第二辐射段上的投影均位于第一辐射段和第二辐射的边缘位置，不会落入第一辐射段和第二辐射段的内部，这样不会干扰第一辐射段和第二辐射段所辐射电磁波信号。
一种实施方式中，所述第一辐射段所在平面与所述馈电片之间的夹角等于所述第二辐射段所在的平面与所述馈电地之间的夹角。本实施方式限定了第一辐射段所在的面和第二辐射段所在的面呈中心对称分布状，其对称中心为馈电片和馈电地。
一种实施方式中，所述馈电地呈条形片状结构，所述馈电地包括相对设置的第一端和第二端，所述第一端和所述馈电片之间形成所述间隙，所述第一端用于连接所述射频电缆的外导体，所述天线还包括导引片，所述导引片连接至所述第二端，所述导引片自所述第二端朝向远离所述第二辐射段且远离所述第一端的方向倾斜延伸。具体而言，导引片呈片状结构，导引片与馈电地之间的夹角为钝角，馈电地和导引片用于引导射频电缆的延伸方向，即射频电缆的端部固定至馈电片和馈电地的第一端，射频电缆顺着馈电地和导引片的延伸方向延伸，这样的设计，使得射频电缆位于第一辐射段和第二辐射段看投影区之外，可以减少射频电缆的走线对第一辐射段和第二辐射段的电磁波信号的干扰，减少对天线性能的影响。射频电缆可以焊接固定在馈电在和导引片，可以提高射频电缆焊接的稳定性和出线路径的一致性，即出线路径是固定不变的。
一种实施方式中，所述天线还包括固定脚，所述固定脚自所述第二辐射段朝向远离所述第一辐射段的方向延伸，所述固定脚用于将所述天线固定至电子设备内的电路板上。
一种实施方式中，所述天线为金属片结构，即通过弯折形成的一体式结构。
一种实施方式中，所述短路枝节包括在所述第一辐射段和所述第二辐射段之间依次串接电连接的第一枝节、连接片和第二枝节，所述第一枝节与所述第一辐射段共面，所述第二枝节与所述第二辐射段共面，所述第一枝节和所述第二枝节相对设置，所述馈电片自所述第一辐射段的边缘弯折延伸的方向与所述连接片自所述第一枝节的边缘弯折延伸的方向相同，所述馈电片、所述第一辐射段、所述第一枝节和所述连接片共同形成金属片结构，所述第二辐射段、所述馈电地和所述第二枝节为形成在电路板表面的微带线结构，通过将所述连接片连接至所述第二枝节将所述金属片结构和所述微带线结构连接。
一种实施方式中，所述第一枝节与所述第一辐射段所在的平面平行于所述第二枝节与所述第二辐射段所在的平面，所述馈电片和所述连接片共面，且所述馈电片和所述连接片所在的平面垂直于所述第一枝节与所述第一辐射段所在的平面。
第二方面，本申请还提供一种电子设备，包括射频模块和所述的天线，所述射频模块通过所述射频电缆电连接至所述馈电片。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一种实施方式提供的天线的立体示意图；
图2是本申请一种实施方式提供的天线的另一方向的立体示意图；
图3是本申请另一实施方式提供的天线的立体示意图；
图4是图3所示的天线安装至电路板上的示意图；
图5是本申请另一实施方式提供的天线的分解示意图，其中部分天线为设置在电路板上的微带线；
图6是图5示的天线设置在电路板上的示意图；
图7是本申请一种实施方式提供的天线的立体示意图；
图8是本申请一种实施方式提供的天线的立体示意图。
具体实施例
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图对本申请实施例进行描述。
本申请涉及应用在电子设备中的天线，电子设备可以为光网络终端(Optical Network Termination，ONT)、移动终端等，天线为内置在电子设备中的具有立体结构的天线，可以为wifi天线，天线可以壁挂在电子设备的机壳内表面或机壳内的支架上，天线也可以固定连接至电子设备内的电路板上。电子设备包括设置在电路板上的射频模块，射频模块与天线的馈电片电连接为所述天线馈电，射频模块与馈电片之间可以通过射频电缆电连接。
本申请提供的天线为三维结构，无需连接电路板的地，通过两个空间上相对设置的辐射段互为辐射地的方式架构了天线的基本形态，本申请提供的天线的IFA天线的基本架构，采用互补结构设计消除IFA天线对单板的依赖。如图1和图2所示，天线包括依次连接的馈电片10、第一辐射段20、短路枝节30、第二辐射段40和馈电地50，所述第一辐射段20自所述馈电片10弯折延伸，即第一辐射段20和馈电片10不共面，弯折延伸的意思是：第一辐射段20与馈电片10连接的部分自馈电片10的边缘通过钣金件(例如金属片)折弯的方式形成在两个面上，这两个面之间夹角可以为90度，也可以为其它的角度，本申请不对第一辐射段20和馈电片10之间的夹角做限定。所述第二辐射段40和所述第一辐射段20间隔相对设置在馈电片10的两侧，且所述第二辐射段40和所述第一辐射段20均位于所述馈电片10所在平面的同侧。换言之，第二辐射段10在第一辐射段20所在平面上的垂直投影与所述第一辐射段20至少部分重合，或者，第二辐射段10在第一辐射段20所在平面上的垂直投影落入第一辐射段20所在范围内。
具体而言，第一辐射段20、第二辐射段40和馈电片10所在的平面之间形成类似“П”形状的三维立体架构。一种具体的实施方式中，馈电片10所在的平面垂直于第一辐射段20所在的平面，亦垂直于第二辐射段40所在的平面，由于第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40位于馈电片10所在的平面的同侧，馈电片10在第一辐射段20所在平面的垂直投影位于第 一辐射段20边缘的外侧，不会对第一辐射段20的电磁波信号生干扰，同样，馈电片10在第二辐射段40所在平面的垂直投影位于第二辐射段40边缘的外侧，不会对第二辐射段40的电磁波信号产生干扰。
所述馈电地50邻近馈电片10设置，馈电地50连接至所述第二辐射段40之邻近所述馈电片10的边缘处，且所述馈电地50与所述馈电片10之间及所述馈电地50与所述第一辐射段20之间均设有间隙，换言之，馈电地50与馈电片10之间绝缘隔离，馈电地50与第一辐射段20之间亦绝缘隔离。
所述馈电片10和所述馈电地50分别用于与射频电缆的内、外导体电连接。射频电缆用于为天线馈入电磁波信号，射频电缆的内外导体分别连接至馈电片10和馈电地50，射频电缆馈入第一辐射段20的电磁波信号和馈入第二辐射段40的电磁波信号相位差180度，所述短路枝节用于减少所述第一辐射段20的电磁波信号和所述这第二辐射段40的电磁波信号的相位不平衡度，短路枝节使得第一辐射段20的电磁波信号和第二辐射段40的电磁波信号相位相同。
具体的实施方式中，所述馈电地50与所述第二辐射段40不共面，所述馈电地50与所述馈电片10共面，所述第一辐射段20所在的平面垂直于所述馈电片10所在的平面，所述第二辐射段40所在的平面平行于所述第一辐射段20所述在平面。然而，所述馈电地50与所述馈电片10共面只是本申请的基本架构，馈电片10和馈电地50之间形成夹角，或者二者位于相平行的两个面上，也能实现本申请。相似地，第一辐射段20所在的平面和第二辐射段40所在的平面平行也仅是本申请基本架构，在此基础上，允许适当的变形，例如：第一辐射段20所在的平面和第二辐射段40所在的平面为相交的平面，二者之间形成夹角。
本申请通过第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40相对设置在馈电片10所在平面的同侧，且短路枝节30连接在第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40之间调节电磁波信号的相位，使得天线形成三维结构，使得天线上的电流分布呈立体分散状态，且第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40可以互为辐射地的角色，取消了传统天线通过单板接地的方式，传统天线同时需要馈电和接地，通常通过接地片电连接至单板的地以使天线接地，而本申请不需要额外设置接地片，也不需要额外设置单板的地，本申请通过第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40及短路枝节、馈电片10和馈电地50的架构，使得第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40形成互补结构，取代单板。本申请减少了天线与电子设备内的电子器件及电路板之间耦合分量，提升天线辐射性能，保证天线全向辐射特性。
一种实施方式中，所述第一辐射段20的辐射路径的长度大于所述第二辐射段40的辐射路径的长度。当天线安装在电子设备内部时，第二辐射段40较第一辐射段20更靠近电子设备内的电路板及其它电子器件，由于第一辐射段20辐射路径大于第二辐射段40的辐射路径，这样的设计使得天线低净空的条件下，由于第二辐射段40靠近电路板且辐射路径较短，可以减弱天线辐射体和电路板及其它电子器件之间的耦合强度，保证天线全向辐射特征。
一种实施方式中，所述馈电地50自所述第二辐射段40朝向所述馈电片10和所述第一辐射段20的方向弯折延伸。馈电地50与第二辐射段40分别设置在两个相交的面上，馈电地50可以垂直于第二辐射段40所在的平面，当然，馈电地50与第二辐射段40之间的夹 角也可以为其它的角度，只要保证馈电地50所在的面与第二辐射段40所在的面相交，且保证馈电地50向馈电片10和第一辐射段20的方向延伸，就可以实现有利于天线尺寸的小体积的设计，一种具体的实施方式中，馈电地50和馈电片10可以共面。
一种实施方式中，所述第一辐射段20包括依次相连的第一段21、第二段22和第三段23，所述第一段21自所述馈电片10的边缘弯折延伸，所述第二段22垂直连接在所述第一段21和所述和三段之间，且所述第一段21和所述第三段23相对设置，且第一段21和第三段23自所述第二段22同向延伸；所述第二辐射段40包括第四段41和第五段42，所述第四段41自所述馈电地50的边缘弯折延伸，所述第五段42垂直于所述第四段41，构成L形结构；所述第一段21正对所述第四段41，所述第五段42正对所述第二段22。本实施例子限定了一种第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40的具体的结构，所述第一段21正对所述第四段41，所述第五段42正对所述第二段22的设置可以满足第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40互为辐射地，第三段23为第一辐射段20相对第二辐射段40多的辐射枝节，保证了第一辐射段20的辐射路径大于第二辐射段40的辐射路径。
第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40的延伸方向尺寸为长度，垂直于延伸方向的尺寸为宽度。第一段21呈长方形，其延伸方向的各位置处的宽度均相同。第二段22、第三段23和第五段42与第一段21的结构相似，均呈长方形。第四段41包括在其延伸方向上依次设置的第一部分411和第二部分412，第一部分411连接在第二部分412和短路枝节30之间，第二部分412连接在第一部分411和第五段42之间。第一部分411和第二部分412均呈长方形，但是第一部分411的宽度大于第二部分412的宽度。第二部分412面对馈电片10的边缘与第一部分411的边缘共同围设形成缺口，缺口的设置用于实现馈电片10和第二辐射段40之间的绝缘隔离。
本实施方式中的第一辐射段20包括三个枝节(即第一段21、第二段22和第三段23)，其它实施方式中，第一辐射段20所包括的枝节的数量和形状都可以改变，例如，各枝节可以为弧形延伸。相应地，第二辐射段40所包括的枝节的数量也不限于两个，枝节的形状也可以为其它形状。
一种实施方式中，所述第一段21和所述第三段23均从所述第二段22朝向第一方向延伸，所述第二段22背离所述第一方向的一侧的边缘为第一边，所述第四段41自所述第五段42朝向第一方向延伸，所述第五段42背离所述第一方向的一侧的边缘为第二边，所述第二边在所述第二辐射段40所在的平面上的正投影与所述第一边重合，第二边和第一边对齐，也就是第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40的外边缘对齐。
一种实施方式中，所述短路枝节30包括在所述第一辐射段20和所述第二辐射段40之间依次延伸的第一枝节31、连接片33和第二枝节32，所述第一枝节31与所述第一辐射段20共面且连接至所述第一段21远离所述第二段22的一端，所述第二枝节32与所述第二辐射段40共面且连接至所述第四段41远离所述第五段42的一端，所述第一枝节31和所述第二枝节32相对设置，所述连接片33连接在所述第一枝节31和所述第二枝节32之间，形成三维空间架构。本实施方式限定了短路枝节30的一种具体架构，第一枝节31和第二枝节32对称分布在连接片33的两侧，连接片33可以为直条形片状，也可以为弧形，连接片33可以与馈电片10和馈电地50共面，这样连接片33和馈电片10及馈电地50共同限 定的平面作为连接在第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40的之间的中心区域。
所述第一枝节31和所述第二枝节32可以为U形，本申请不限定第一枝节31和第二枝节32的形状，不影响天线整体架构的情况下，可以调节具体的各枝节的形状和尺寸。
所述短路枝节30的电长度为二分之一波长，所述波长为所述天线的中心频率对应的电磁波信号的波长。二分之一波长的设置使得短路枝节30构成180度反相器，用于调节第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40的电磁波信号的相位，使得第一辐射段20的电磁波信号的相位与第二辐射段40的电磁波信号的相位平衡，即相等，从而保证天线的辐射性能。
一种实施方式中，所述第一枝节31和所述第二枝节32的结构相同，且镜像布置在所述连接片33的两侧。
一种实施方式中，所述馈电片10和所述馈电地50共面或平行。馈电片10和馈电地50共面的情况下，馈电片10和馈电地50在第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40上的投影均位于第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40的边缘位置，不会落入第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40的内部，这样不会干扰第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40所辐射电磁波信号。
一种实施方式中，所述第一辐射段20所在平面与所述馈电片10之间的夹角等于所述第二辐射段40所在的平面与所述馈电地50之间的夹角。本实施方式限定了第一辐射段20所在的面和第二辐射段40所在的面呈中心对称分布状，其对称中心为馈电片10和馈电地50。
一种实施方式中，如图3所示，所述馈电地50呈条形片状结构，所述馈电地50包括相对设置的第一端51和第二端52，所述第一端51和所述馈电片10之间形成间隙，所述第一端51用于连接所述射频电缆的外导体，所述天线还包括导引片60，所述导引片60连接至所述第二端52，所述导引片60自所述第二端52朝向远离所述第二辐射段40且远离所述第一端51的方向倾斜延伸。具体而言，导引片60呈片状结构，如图1至图4所示，导引片60与馈电地50之间的夹角为钝角，馈电地50和导引片60用于引导射频电缆的延伸方向，即射频电缆的端部固定至馈电片10和馈电地50的第一端51，射频电缆顺着馈电地50和导引片60的延伸方向延伸，这样的设计，使得射频电缆位于第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40的投影区之外，可以减少射频电缆的走线对第一辐射段20和第二辐射段40的电磁波信号的干扰，减少对天线性能的影响。射频电缆可以焊接固定在馈电在和导引片60，可以提高射频电缆焊接的稳定性和出线路径的一致性，即出线路径是固定不变的。
一种实施方式中，如图7所示，导引片60为半包围的弧形结构，导引片60围设卡持空间，射频电缆可以卡扣在导引片60的卡持空间内，导引片60为金属弹片结构，其本身具弹性形变能力，射频电缆卡入卡持空间后，导引片60可以将射频电缆夹住，以固定射频电缆，无需焊接或其它方式的固定，且不需要任何工作固定，操作人员徒手按压就可以将射频电缆固定至导引片60。
另一实施方式中，如图8所示，导引片60可以为筒状结构，导引片60围设收容空间，收容空间用于供射频电缆穿过，因此收容空间的内径大于射频电缆的外径，以方便射频电缆穿过。本实施方式，需要先将射频电缆穿过导引片60的收容空间，再将射频电缆端部的内导体电连接至馈电片10，将射频电缆的外导体电连接至馈电地50。射频电缆与馈电片10和馈电地50之间可以通过焊接固定的方式实现电连接，又兼具固定功能。
一种实施方式中，所述天线为金属片弯折形成的一体式结构，天线可以为钢片天线，可以通过壁挂的方式安装在电子设备机壳内表面或机壳内的支架上。另一种实施方式中，如图3和图4所示，天线也可以固定至电子设备内的电路板200的边缘位置，天线还包括固定脚70，所述固定脚70自所述第二辐射段40朝向远离所述第一辐射段20的方向延伸，所述固定脚70用于将所述天线固定至电子设备内的电路板200上。电路板200的边缘位置形成无铺铜的绝缘区201，固定脚70可以通过螺丝固定的方式固定至电路板200。也可以在电路板200边缘处的绝缘区201设置焊垫，将固定脚70焊接至焊垫。
一种实施方式中，如图5和图6所示，所述馈电片10、所述第一辐射段20、短路枝节30的第一枝节31和所述连接片33共同形成金属片结构，所述第二辐射段40、所述馈电地50和所述第二枝节32为形成在电路板表面的微带线结构，通过将所述连接片33连接至所述第二枝节32将所述金属片结构和所述微带线结构连接，具体实施方式中，连接片33通过焊接方式连接至第二枝节32。本实施方式，同样需要在电路板200边缘位置形成无铺铜的绝缘区201，将第二辐射段40、馈电地50及第二枝节32通过电路板制作工艺印制在绝缘区201，以形成微带线结构，微带线结构需要与电路板上的其它电子器件及金属层绝缘隔离。
以上对本申请实施例所提供的一种天线及电子设备进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施例进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施例及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种天线，其特征在于，包括依次连接的馈电片、第一辐射段、短路枝节、第二辐射段和馈电地，所述第一辐射段和所述馈电片不共面，所述第二辐射段和所述第一辐射段间隔相对设置在所述馈电片的两侧，且所述第一辐射段和所述第二辐射段均位于所述馈电片所在平面的同侧，所述短路枝节用于减少所述第一辐射段的电磁波信号和所述这第二辐射段的电磁波信号的相位不平衡度，所述馈电地邻近所述馈电片设置，且所述馈电地与所述馈电片之间及所述馈电地与所述第一辐射段之间均设有间隙，所述馈电片和所述馈电地分别用于与射频电缆的内、外导体电连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一辐射段的辐射路径的长度大于所述第二辐射段的辐射路径的长度。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述馈电地与所述第二辐射段不共面，所述馈电地与所述馈电片共面。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一辐射段所在的平面垂直于所述馈电片所在的平面，所述第二辐射段所在的平面平行于所述第一辐射段所述在平面。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一辐射段包括依次相连的第一段、第二段和第三段，所述第一段自所述馈电片的边缘弯折延伸，所述第二段垂直连接在所述第一段和所述和三段之间，且所述第一段和所述第三段位于所述第二段的同侧，所述第二辐射段包括第四段和第五段，所述第四段自所述馈电地的边缘弯折延伸，所述第五段垂直于所述第四段，所述第一段正对所述第四段，所述第五段正对所述第二段。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一段和所述第三段均从所述第二段朝向第一方向延伸，所述第二段背离所述第一方向的一侧的边缘为第一边，所述第四段自所述第五段朝向第一方向延伸，所述第五段背离所述第一方向的一侧的边缘为第二边，所述第二边在所述第二辐射段所在的平面上的正投影与所述第一边重合。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的天线，其特征在于，所述短路枝节包括在所述第一辐射段和所述第二辐射段之间依次延伸的第一枝节、连接片和第二枝节，所述第一枝节与所述第一辐射段共面且连接至所述第一段远离所述第二段的一端，所述第二枝节与所述第二辐射段共面且连接至所述第四段远离所述第五段的一端，所述第一枝节和所述第二枝节相对设置，所述连接片连接在所述第一枝节和所述第二枝节之间，形成三维空间架构。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一枝节和所述第二枝节呈U形，所述短路枝节的电长度为二分之一波长，所述波长为所述天线的中心频率对应的电磁波信号的波长。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一枝节和所述第二枝节的结构相同，且镜像布置在所述连接片的两侧。
  10. 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述馈电地呈条形片状结构，所述馈电地包括相对设置的第一端和第二端，所述第一端和所述馈电片之间形成所述间隙，所述第一端用于连接所述射频电缆的外导体，所述天线还包括导引片，所述导引片连接至所述第二端，所述导引片自所述第二端朝向远离所述第二辐射段且远离所述第一端的方向倾 斜延伸。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的天线，其特征在于，所述天线还包括固定脚，所述固定脚自所述第二辐射段朝向远离所述第一辐射段的方向延伸，所述固定脚用于将所述天线固定至电子设备内的电路板上。
  12. 如权利要求1或2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述短路枝节包括在所述第一辐射段和所述第二辐射段之间依次串接电连接的第一枝节、连接片和第二枝节，所述第一枝节与所述第一辐射段共面，所述第二枝节与所述第二辐射段共面，所述第一枝节和所述第二枝节相对设置，所述馈电片自所述第一辐射段的边缘弯折延伸的方向与所述连接片自所述第一枝节的边缘弯折延伸的方向相同，所述馈电片、所述第一辐射段、所述第一枝节和所述连接片共同形成金属片结构，所述第二辐射段、所述馈电地和所述第二枝节为形成在电路板表面的微带线结构，通过将所述连接片连接至所述第二枝节将所述金属片结构和所述微带线结构连接。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一枝节与所述第一辐射段所在的平面平行于所述第二枝节与所述第二辐射段所在的平面，所述馈电片和所述连接片共面，且所述馈电片和所述连接片所在的平面垂直于所述第一枝节与所述第一辐射段所在的平面。
  14. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括射频模块和如权利要求1-13任一项所述的天线，所述射频模块通过所述射频电缆电连接至所述馈电片。
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