WO2019184695A1 - 光学镜头、摄像模组及其组装方法 - Google Patents

光学镜头、摄像模组及其组装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019184695A1
WO2019184695A1 PCT/CN2019/077765 CN2019077765W WO2019184695A1 WO 2019184695 A1 WO2019184695 A1 WO 2019184695A1 CN 2019077765 W CN2019077765 W CN 2019077765W WO 2019184695 A1 WO2019184695 A1 WO 2019184695A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
optical
component
lens component
free
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/077765
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王明珠
姚立锋
庄怀港
Original Assignee
宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201810274229.2A external-priority patent/CN110320625A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201820437842.7U external-priority patent/CN208384208U/zh
Application filed by 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 filed Critical 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司
Priority to EP19775617.4A priority Critical patent/EP3761098B1/en
Priority to KR1020207024042A priority patent/KR102540411B1/ko
Priority to US17/041,814 priority patent/US20210011264A1/en
Publication of WO2019184695A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019184695A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B47/00—Suction cups for attaching purposes; Equivalent means using adhesives
    • F16B47/003—Suction cups for attaching purposes; Equivalent means using adhesives using adhesives for attaching purposes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/003—Alignment of optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/021—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses for more than one lens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/025—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses using glue
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B2003/0093—Simple or compound lenses characterised by the shape

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical imaging technology, and in particular, the present application relates to an optical lens, a camera module, and an assembly method thereof.
  • a large aperture lens can bring a large angle of view.
  • this also causes a problem that the optical length of the lens becomes longer and the angle of view is more distorted.
  • a mobile phone lens with a 130° field of view has a distortion of >10%.
  • the above problems will be more prominent and difficult to solve.
  • FREE-FORM technology has become more and more mature, and free-form surfaces can be used to obtain lenses with free-form surfaces.
  • progressive multifocal features can be machined to the front or back surface of the lens by free-form surface design software during optical design, and complex surfaces can be machined, for example, by lathes.
  • free-form surface technology has been widely used in the high-end lens industry. If the free-form lens is used in the field of small-sized optical devices (such as the field of mobile phone camera modules), it will help to reduce the distortion of the large angle of view and reduce the optical total length of the camera module to some extent.
  • the free-form lens can reduce the distortion to less than 2%. If the free-form lens is used as a normal autofocus module, the total optical length can be reduced by about 10%, and the MTF design value can be increased by 8%, which can reduce the distortion to less than 1%. In other words, the free-form lens can reduce or minimize the aberration of the optical system, achieve the function of correcting aberrations and reducing distortion, and can also reduce the total optical length of the module and/or the volume of the module.
  • a free-form surface is a complex aspheric surface that, in most cases, is irregularly asymmetric with multiple axes of symmetry.
  • typical optical lenses on the market are assembled by piece-by-piece embedding. Specifically, a lens barrel having a stepped bearing surface on the inner side is prepared in advance, and then each lens is embedded in a stepped bearing surface on the inner side of the lens barrel piece by piece to obtain a complete optical lens. Due to the limitations of the mounting process, the lens profile selected in the lens barrel is typically a spherical or aspheric surface with rotational symmetry. If a free-form lens is used, the assembly process of the conventional compact camera lens cannot be accurately installed.
  • the non-rotationally symmetrical free-form lens is symmetrical because there is no single optical axis, it is difficult to find the optical center, and the optical axis alignment and correction problems cannot be controlled.
  • the lens size of the camera module is often ⁇ 0.7cm. In the installation of small-sized lenses, higher installation requirements are required, and more rapid installation capability is required. All of the above problems have made it difficult to apply free-form lenses to compact camera modules.
  • an optical lens comprising: a first lens component including at least one first lens; a second lens component including a second lens barrel and being mounted in the second lens barrel At least one second lens, the at least one first lens and the at least one second lens together form an imageable optical system, and at least one of the at least one first lens and the at least one second lens a free-form lens; and a connecting medium adapted to secure the first lens component and the second lens component together.
  • the connecting medium is a glue material adapted to support and fix the first lens component and the second lens component, and to make the first lens component and the second lens component The relative position maintains the relative position determined by the active calibration.
  • the joining medium can also be a welding medium.
  • the number of the first lenses is one and the first lens is a freeform lens.
  • the number of the at least one second lens is a plurality, and the at least one second lens has a freeform lens.
  • the at least one first lens has a freeform lens and the at least one second lens also has a freeform lens.
  • the first lens component further includes a first lens barrel, and the at least one first lens is mounted to an inner side of the first lens barrel.
  • the first lens component and/or the second lens component have an identifier that characterizes the profile direction information of the freeform lens that it contains.
  • the freeform lens has a reference plane perpendicular to a thickness direction thereof, the freeform lens having a reference direction in the reference plane, the first lens component and/or the second lens
  • the component has an identification of the reference direction to characterize the face orientation information of the freeform lens.
  • the connecting medium is a glue material adapted to support and fix the first lens component and the second lens component, and to determine an actual reference direction and optical design of the freeform lens
  • the difference in the reference direction is not greater than a predetermined threshold angle, such as 0.05 degrees.
  • Another aspect of the present application provides a camera module comprising the optical lens of any of the preceding embodiments.
  • Another aspect of the present application also provides an optical lens assembly method, comprising: pre-positioning the first lens component and the second lens component to cause the at least one first lens and the at least one second lens Co-constituting an imageable optical system, wherein the first lens component includes at least one first lens, and the second lens component includes a second lens barrel and at least one second lens mounted in the second lens barrel, And having at least one free-form lens in the at least one first lens and the at least one second lens; adjusting and determining a relative position of the first lens component and the second lens component based on active calibration; The glue bonds the first lens component and the second lens component such that the first lens component and the second lens component are fixed and held in a relative position determined by active calibration.
  • the at least one first lens has at least one freeform lens and the at least one second lens also has at least one freeform lens.
  • the active calibration includes adjusting and determining the first by clamping or adsorbing the first lens component and/or the second lens component according to an actual resolution of the optical system A relative positional relationship between the lens component and the second lens component.
  • the active calibration further includes: determining an actual reference direction of the freeform lens and an optical design by adjusting a relative positional relationship between the first lens component and the second lens component The difference in the reference direction is no more than 0.05 degrees, wherein the reference direction is used to characterize the face orientation information of the freeform lens.
  • the active calibration further includes: moving the first lens component along the adjustment plane, and determining along the first lens and the second lens component according to the measured resolution of the optical system a relative position of the plane in the direction of movement, wherein the movement comprises a rotation on the adjustment plane.
  • the movement further includes a translation on the adjustment plane.
  • the active calibration further includes adjusting and determining an angle of an axis of the first lens component relative to an axis of the second lens component based on the measured resolution of the optical system.
  • the actively calibrating further comprises: moving the first lens component in a direction perpendicular to the adjustment plane, determining the first lens component from the actual lens resolution according to the optical system A relative position between the second lens components in a direction perpendicular to the adjustment plane.
  • the first lens component further includes a first lens barrel, and the at least one first lens is mounted to an inner side of the first lens barrel.
  • a gap is provided between a bottom surface of the first lens component and a top surface of the second lens component; and in the bonding step, the glue material is arranged In the gap.
  • Another aspect of the present application provides a camera module assembly method, comprising: assembling an optical lens by using the optical lens assembly method of any one of the foregoing embodiments; and assembling the camera module based on the optical lens.
  • the present application can have at least one of the following technical effects:
  • the distortion can be reduced by applying the free-form lens to a small-sized, large-aperture optical lens.
  • the distortion can be reduced by applying the free-form lens to a high-pixel, small-size, large-aperture camera module.
  • the optical total length of the camera module can be reduced, thereby reducing the volume of the camera module.
  • the installation precision of the free-form lens in the field of small-sized optical devices can be effectively improved, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical lens or the camera module.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an optical lens 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a free-form lens in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a camera module 2000 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an optical lens 1000a according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the photosensitive member 2000a based on the optical lens 1000a of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an optical lens 1000b according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the photosensitive member 2000b based on the optical lens 1000b of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing an optical lens assembly method in one embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9a illustrates a relative position adjustment mode in active calibration in one embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 9b illustrates the rotation adjustment in active calibration of another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9c shows a relative position adjustment manner in which the v and w direction adjustments are added in the active calibration of still another embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second, etc. are used to distinguish one feature from another, and do not represent any limitation of the feature.
  • first subject discussed below may also be referred to as a second subject, without departing from the teachings of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical lens 1000 of one embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical lens 1000 includes a first lens component 100, a second lens component 200, and a glue (not shown) that bonds the first lens component 100 and the second lens component 200 together.
  • the first lens component 100 includes a first lens barrel 101 and a first lens 102, and the first lens 102 is a free-form lens.
  • the second lens component 200 includes a second lens barrel 201 and five second lenses 202.
  • the glue is disposed in the gap 400 between the first lens component 100 and the second lens component 200 to secure the first lens component 100 and the second lens component 200 together.
  • the glue supports and fixes the first lens component 100 and the second lens component 200, and maintains the relative positions of the first lens component 100 and the second lens component 200 to actively align the determined relative positions.
  • the freeform lens has a complex optical surface formed by a FREE-FORM technique.
  • the complex optical surface can be designed, for example, by a free-form surface design software to design the progressive multifocal surface on the front or back surface of the lens during optical design, and then processed by steps such as fine grinding and polishing on a high-precision CNC lathe.
  • . 2 is a perspective view of a freeform lens in one embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 2, it can be seen that the freeform surface is a complex aspheric surface that is, in most cases, irregularly asymmetrical. For a free-form lens, it has a strong directivity in a plane perpendicular to its thickness direction.
  • the difference between the actual reference direction of the free-form lens and the reference direction determined by the optical design is not greater than a predetermined threshold angle, for example, 0.05 degrees (wherein the reference direction is used to characterize the face shape direction information of the free-form lens), and then the first lens component 100 and the second lens component 200 are supported and fixed by the glue located in the gap 400, so that The relative positions of a lens component 100 and the second lens component 200 maintain the relative position determined by active calibration, thereby ensuring the imaging quality of the optical lens.
  • a predetermined threshold angle for example, 0.05 degrees (wherein the reference direction is used to characterize the face shape direction information of the free-form lens)
  • the non-rotationally symmetrical free-form lens has no intrinsic property of optical axis symmetry, that is, it cannot rely on the optical axis of the lens for positioning, adjustment, etc., resulting in great assembly difficulty, especially in the free-form lens in the traditional process.
  • the rotational positioning within the barrel is very difficult. In other words, the free-form lens assembly error, especially the rotational error, is very sensitive.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a camera module 2000 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the camera module 2000 includes an optical lens 1000 and a photosensitive assembly 300 as shown in FIG.
  • the photosensitive member 300 includes a wiring board 301, a photosensitive chip 302 mounted on the wiring board 301, a cylindrical supporting body 303 mounted on the wiring board 301 and surrounding the photosensitive chip, and a color filter mounted on the cylindrical supporting body 303.
  • Slice 304 the second lens component 200 may further include a motor, and the second lens barrel 202 may be mounted in a carrier of the motor.
  • a motor is mounted on the top surface of the cylindrical support body 303 to fix the second lens component 200 and the photosensitive member 300 together.
  • the motor may be replaced by other structures such as a cylindrical support, or it may be eliminated and the second barrel 201 may be directly mounted on the top surface of the cylindrical support 303. It is noted that in other embodiments the motor may be replaced by other types of optical actuators, such as SMA (shape memory alloy) actuators, MEMS actuators, and the like. Wherein, the optical actuator refers to a device for causing the optical lens to move relative to the photosensitive chip.
  • the distortion can be reduced by applying the free-form lens to a high-pixel, small-size, large-aperture camera module;
  • the optical total length of the camera module can be reduced, thereby reducing the volume of the camera module
  • the dimension of the gap 400 in the optical axis direction along the optical lens may be, for example, 30-100 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical lens 1000a according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, this embodiment differs from the optical lens 1000 shown in FIG. 1 in that the second lens component 200 has a free-form lens 109 therein.
  • the first lens of the first lens component 100 employs a conventional lens.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the photosensitive member 2000a based on the optical lens 1000a of FIG.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical lens 1000b according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the present embodiment is different from the optical lens 1000 shown in FIG. 1 in that the first lens component 100 and the second lens component 200 have free curved lenses 109a and 109b, respectively.
  • the face orientations of the freeform curved lenses 109a and 109b can be complemented by adjusting the relative positions of the first lens component 100 and the second lens component 200 in the active calibration phase, thereby making better adjustments.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the photosensitive member 2000b based on the optical lens 1000b of FIG. Since the face orientation of the freeform lenses 109a and 109b can be complemented by adjusting the relative positions of the first lens component 100 and the second lens component 200 in the active calibration phase, the camera module 2000b can have Better imaging quality.
  • the number of lenses of the first lens component and the second lens component can be adjusted as needed.
  • the number of lenses of the first lens component and the second lens component may be two or four, respectively, or three and three, or four and two, respectively, or five and one, respectively.
  • the total number of lenses of the entire optical lens can also be adjusted as needed.
  • the total number of lenses of the optical lens can be six or five or seven.
  • the optical lens of the present application is not limited to two lens components.
  • the number of lens components may be three or four or more.
  • the adjacent two lens components can be regarded as the first lens component and the second lens component described above, respectively.
  • the optical lens may include two first lens components and one second lens component between the two first lens components, and the two first lens components All of the first lenses and all of the second lenses of a second lens component together form an actively calibratable imageable optical system.
  • the optical lens may include two first lens components and two second lens components, and press the first lens component, the second lens component, the first lens component, and the second lens
  • the order of the components is arranged from top to bottom, and all of the first lenses of the two first lens components and all of the second lenses of the two second lens components together form an actively calibratable imageable optical system. Other variations such as these are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 8 shows a flow chart of an optical lens assembly method in one embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 8, the method includes:
  • Step 10 preparing a first lens component and a second lens component that are separated from each other, wherein the first lens component includes a first lens barrel and at least one first lens mounted in the first lens barrel, and the second lens component includes a second lens a cartridge and at least one second lens mounted in the second barrel. Wherein, at least one free curved lens exists in the first lens and the second lens.
  • Step 20 pre-positioning the first lens component and the second lens component such that the at least one second lens and the at least one first lens together form an imageable optical system.
  • Step 30 adjusting and determining the relative positions of the first lens component and the second lens component based on the active calibration.
  • step 40 the first lens component and the second lens component are bonded by a glue.
  • the first lens component and the second lens component are supported and fixed by the cured glue material so that the relative positions of the first lens component and the second lens component are maintained at relative positions determined by active calibration.
  • the glue coating may be performed on the gap between the first lens component and the second lens component before performing step 30, and then step 30 is performed to adjust and determine the first lens component and The relative position of the second lens component.
  • step 40 is performed to cure the glue, thereby supporting the first lens component and the second lens component with the cured glue, thereby making the relative positions of the first lens component and the second lens component Maintain the relative position determined by active calibration.
  • step 30 may be performed first to adjust and determine the relative positions of the first lens component and the second lens component.
  • the first lens component (or the second lens component) After determining the relative position, the first lens component (or the second lens component) is temporarily removed, and then the glue coating is performed, and then the first lens component (or the second lens component) is moved based on the determined relative position. return. The glue is finally cured such that the relative positions of the first lens component and the second lens component are maintained at relative positions determined by active calibration.
  • the active calibration described in this application can adjust the relative positions of the first lens component and the second lens component in a plurality of degrees of freedom.
  • Figure 9a illustrates the relative position adjustment in active calibration in one embodiment of the present application.
  • the first lens component (which may also be the first lens) may move in the x, y, and z directions with respect to the second lens component (ie, the relative position adjustment in this embodiment has three freedoms) degree).
  • the z direction is the direction along the optical axis
  • the x, y direction is the direction perpendicular to the optical axis.
  • the x and y directions are all in one adjustment plane P, and the translation in the adjustment plane P can be decomposed into two components in the x and y directions.
  • Figure 9b illustrates the rotation adjustment in active calibration of another embodiment of the present application.
  • the relative position adjustment increases the degree of freedom of rotation, i.e., the adjustment of the r direction, in addition to the three degrees of freedom of Fig. 9a.
  • the adjustment in the r direction is the rotation in the adjustment plane P, that is, the rotation about the axis perpendicular to the adjustment plane P.
  • FIG. 9c illustrates a relative position adjustment manner in which the v and w direction adjustments are added in the active calibration of still another embodiment of the present application.
  • the v direction represents the rotation angle of the xoz plane
  • the w direction represents the rotation angle of the yoz plane
  • the rotation angles of the v direction and the w direction can be combined to form a vector angle, which represents the total tilt state. That is, the tilting posture of the first lens component relative to the second lens component can be adjusted by adjusting the v direction and the w direction (that is, the optical axis of the first lens component relative to the optical axis of the second lens component The slope).
  • the above adjustment of the six degrees of freedom of x, y, z, r, v, w may affect the imaging quality of the optical system (for example, affecting the magnitude of the resolution).
  • the relative position adjustment manner may be to adjust only one of the above six degrees of freedom, or a combination of two or more of them.
  • the active calibration includes at least calibration in the r direction.
  • the active calibration step (step 30) includes: according to the actual resolution of the optical system (in the present application, the resolution can be obtained by the measured MTF curve or SFR curve, but the method of obtaining the resolution is not limited thereto), by clamping or
  • the first lens component and/or the second lens component are adsorbed to adjust and determine the relative positional relationship of the first lens component and the second lens component.
  • the first lens component is moved along the adjustment plane, and the relative position between the first lens and the second lens component in the moving direction along the plane is determined according to the measured resolution of the optical system, wherein the movement is included in The rotation on the adjustment plane, that is, the motion in the r direction.
  • the first lens component and/or the second lens component have an identifier that characterizes the profile direction information of the freeform lens that they contain.
  • the freeform lens has a reference plane perpendicular to its thickness direction, the freeform lens having a reference direction in the reference plane, the first lens component and/or the second lens component having the reference orientation
  • the logo identifies the face orientation information of the freeform lens.
  • the pair of freeform lenses are very sensitive to the rotational positioning in the reference plane, and in the active calibration phase, the first lens component and the second lens component are relatively moved and adjusted in the r direction, which can improve the actual reference direction of the freeform lens. Installation accuracy.
  • the difference between the actual reference direction of the free-form lens and the reference direction determined by the optical design may be no more than 0.05 degrees, thereby obtaining a small-sized, large-aperture optical lens or camera module with high imaging quality.
  • the aberration adjustment data can be acquired and corrected in real time, and finally the lens and/or the camera module with the free-form lens can be better imaged. effect.
  • the optical system composed of the two lens components has better imaging performance, for example, the surrounding distortion of the imaging is small, the aberration of the optical system is small.
  • Active calibration adjustment indicators can be set for different needs. Thereby, the actively calibrated optical lens with different adjustment indicators can satisfy different optical performances.
  • the reference of the reference direction can help the freeform lens to be quickly pre-positioned to the direction determined by the optical design, and then actively adjusted based on the predetermined position. This will help increase the productivity of the optical lens or camera module.
  • the machine tool can be used to perform machine identification on the face shape direction of the free-form lens, and based on the recognition result, the pre-position in the r direction is performed, and then the active adjustment is performed on the basis of the predetermined position.
  • the movement further includes translation on the adjustment plane, ie, motion in the x, y directions.
  • the active calibration further comprises: adjusting and determining an angle of an axis of the first lens component relative to an axis of the second lens component according to the measured resolution of the optical system, That is, the adjustment in the w and v directions.
  • the axis of the first lens component and the axis of the second lens component may have an angle of not zero.
  • the active calibration further comprises: moving the first lens component (ie, adjustment in the z direction) along a direction perpendicular to the adjustment plane, according to the measured resolution of the optical system Determining a relative position between the first lens component and the second lens component in a direction perpendicular to the adjustment plane.
  • a gap is provided between a bottom surface of the first lens component and a top surface of the second lens component; and the bonding step (Step 40), the glue is disposed in the gap.
  • the first lens component may not have the first lens barrel.
  • the first lens component can be constructed from a single first lens.
  • the pre-positioning step (step 20) a gap is provided between the bottom surface of the first lens and the top surface of the second lens component; and in the bonding step (step 40), the glue is The material is disposed in the gap.
  • the first lens may be formed by a plurality of sub-lenses that are integrally formed with each other.
  • the side surface and the top surface of the non-optical surface of the first lens which are not used for imaging may form a light shielding layer.
  • the light shielding layer can be formed by screen printing a light shielding material on the side and top surfaces of the first lens.
  • the second lens component in the active calibration step, may be fixed, the first lens component is clamped by the clamp, and the first lens component is moved by the six-axis motion mechanism connected to the clamp, thereby achieving the first Relative movement between the lens component and the second lens component in the above six degrees of freedom.
  • the clamp can bear or partially bear against the side of the first lens component to sandwich the first lens component.
  • a camera module assembly method comprising: assembling an optical lens by using the optical lens assembly method of any of the foregoing embodiments, and then using the assembled optical lens to manufacture a camera module.
  • a flowchart of another camera module assembly method is further provided, where the method includes:
  • Step 100 preparing a first lens component and a camera module component, wherein the camera module component includes a second lens component and a photosensitive module combined, and the first lens component includes a first lens barrel and is mounted on the first lens barrel At least one first lens, the second lens component includes a second lens barrel and at least one second lens mounted in the second lens barrel. Also, at least one free curved lens is present in the first lens and the second lens.
  • Step 200 pre-positioning the first lens component and the second lens component such that the at least one second lens and the at least one first lens together form an imageable optical system.
  • Step 300 adjusting and determining the relative positions of the first lens component and the second lens component based on the active calibration.
  • step 400 the first lens component and the second lens component are bonded by a glue.
  • the second lens component and the photosensitive module are assembled together to form a camera module component, and then the camera module component and the first lens component are assembled to complete Camera module.
  • the process of assembling the camera module component and the first lens component may also be variously modified.
  • the assembly of the camera module component and the first lens component may be implemented by referring to various embodiments of the optical lens assembly method described above. .

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种光学镜头，包括：第一镜头部件，其包括至少一个第一镜片；第二镜头部件，其包括第二镜筒和安装在所述第二镜筒内的至少一个第二镜片，所述至少一个第一镜片与所述至少一个第二镜片共同构成可成像的光学系统，并且所述至少一个第一镜片与所述至少一个第二镜片中具有至少一个自由曲面镜片；以及连接介质，其适于将所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件固定在一起。本申请还提供了相应的摄像模组及光学镜头和摄像模组组装方法。

Description

光学镜头、摄像模组及其组装方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2018年3月29日向中国国家知识产权局提交的第201810274229.2号和201820437842.7号中国专利申请的优先权和权益，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本申请涉及光学成像技术领域，具体地说，本申请涉及光学镜头、摄像模组及其组装方法。
背景技术
随着移动电子设备的普及，被应用于移动电子设备的用于帮助使用者获取影像(例如视频或者图像)的摄像模组的相关技术得到了迅猛的发展和进步，并且在近年来，摄像模组在诸如医疗、安防、工业生产等诸多的领域都得到了广泛的应用。
为了满足越来越广泛的市场需求，高像素、小尺寸、大光圈是现有摄像模组不可逆转的发展趋势。大光圈镜头可以带来大的视场角，然而，这也引发镜头的光学总长变长和视场角畸变较大的问题。比如130°视场角的手机镜头，畸变>10％。在小尺寸光学装置的领域，上述问题将更加突出，难以解决。
近年来，自由曲面(FREE-FORM)技术日趋成熟，利用自由曲面技术可获得具有自由曲面的镜片。基于自由曲面技术，可以在光学设计时通过自由曲面设计软件将渐进多焦点面型加工于镜片的前或后表面，再通过例如车床加工复杂表面。目前，自由曲面技术已在高端眼镜片行业得到较为广泛的应用。如果将自由曲面镜片用于小尺寸光学装置的领域(例如手机摄像模组领域)，将有助于降低大视场角的畸变、并在一定程度上降低摄像模组的光学总长。以上述130°视场角手机 镜头为例，利用自由曲面镜片，预计可以降低畸变至2％以下。如果自由曲面镜片用来做普通自动对焦模组，则可以降低光学总长约10％，MTF设计值提升8％，可以降低畸变至1％以下。换言之，自由曲面镜片能够降低或者最小化光学系统的像差，实现校正像差，降低畸变的功能，还可以起到降低模组光学总长和/或模组体积的效果。
然而，自由曲面是一种复杂的非球面，在大多数情况下是无规则非对称的，具有多重对称轴。而在小尺寸光学装置的领域(例如手机摄像模组领域)，目前市场上典型的光学镜头是通过逐片嵌入的方式进行组装。具体来说，预先准备内侧具有台阶状承靠面的镜筒，然后将各镜片逐片嵌入该镜筒内侧的台阶状承靠面以得到完整的光学镜头。由于安装工艺的局限性，镜筒中所选择的镜片面型通常为具有旋转对称性的球面或非球面。如果使用自由曲面镜片，传统紧凑型摄像模组镜头的组装工艺就无法进行准确的安装。因为在具有自由曲面镜片的光学系统中，由于非旋转对称的自由曲面镜片由于不存在单一光轴使其对称，难以寻找光心，光轴对准和校正问题无法控制。摄像模组的镜片面型尺寸常常＜0.7cm，在小尺寸的镜片安装中，需要更高的安装要求，也需要更加快速的安装能力。以上问题都导致自由曲面镜片难以应用于紧凑型摄像模组。
发明内容
根据本申请的一个方面，提供了一种光学镜头，包括：第一镜头部件，其包括至少一个第一镜片；第二镜头部件，其包括第二镜筒和安装在所述第二镜筒内的至少一个第二镜片，所述至少一个第一镜片与所述至少一个第二镜片共同构成可成像的光学系统，并且所述至少一个第一镜片与所述至少一个第二镜片中具有至少一个自由曲面镜片；以及连接介质，适于将所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件固定在一起。
在一个实施方式中，所述连接介质为胶材，其适于支撑并固定所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件，并使得所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置保持主动校准所确定的相对位置。在另一 个实施方式中，连接介质还可以是焊接介质。
在一个实施方式中，所述第一镜头部件的轴线与所述第二镜头部件的轴线之间具有不为零的夹角。
在一个实施方式中，所述第一镜片的数目为一，并且所述第一镜片为自由曲面镜片。
在一个实施方式中，所述至少一个第二镜片的数目为多个，并且所述至少一个第二镜片中具有一个自由曲面镜片。
在一个实施方式中，所述至少一个第一镜片中具有自由曲面镜片，并且所述至少一个第二镜片中也具有自由曲面镜片。
在一个实施方式中，所述第一镜头部件还包括第一镜筒，并且所述至少一个第一镜片安装于所述第一镜筒的内侧。
在一个实施方式中，所述第一镜头部件和/或所述第二镜头部件具有表征其所包含的所述自由曲面镜片的面型方向信息的标识。
在一个实施方式中，所述自由曲面镜片具有垂直于其厚度方向的基准平面，所述自由曲面镜片在所述基准平面内具有基准方向，所述第一镜头部件和/或所述第二镜头部件具有所述基准方向的标识以表征所述自由曲面镜片的面型方向信息。
在一个实施方式中，所述连接介质为胶材，其适于支撑并固定所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件，并使得所述自由曲面镜片的实际基准方向与光学设计所确定的基准方向的差异不大于预定阈值角度，例如0.05度。
在一个实施方式中，在沿着所述光学镜头的光轴方向上，所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件之间具有间隙。
本申请的另一方面还提供了一种摄像模组，其包括前述实施方式中任意之一所述的光学镜头。
本申请的另一方面还提供了光学镜头组装方法，包括：对所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件进行预定位，使所述至少一个第一镜片与所述至少一个第二镜片共同构成可成像的光学系统，其中所述第一镜头部件包括至少一个第一镜片，所述第二镜头部件包括第二镜筒 和安装在所述第二镜筒内的至少一个第二镜片，并且所述至少一个第一镜片与所述至少一个第二镜片中具有至少一个自由曲面镜片；基于主动校准来调整和确定所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置；以及通过胶材粘结所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件，使所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件固定并保持在主动校准所确定的相对位置。
在一个实施方式中，所述至少一个第一镜片中具有至少一个自由曲面镜片，且所述至少一个第二镜片中也具有至少一个自由曲面镜片。
在一个实施方式中，所述主动校准包括：根据所述光学系统的实测解像力，通过夹持或吸附所述第一镜头部件和/或所述第二镜头部件，来调节并确定所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置关系。
在一个实施方式中，所述主动校准还包括：通过调节所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置关系，来使所述自由曲面镜片的实际基准方向与光学设计所确定的基准方向的差异不大于0.05度，其中所述基准方向用于表征所述自由曲面镜片的面型方向信息。
在一个实施方式中，所述主动校准还包括：沿着调整平面移动第一镜头部件，根据所述光学系统的实测解像力，确定所述第一镜片与所述第二镜头部件之间的沿着所述平面的移动方向上的相对位置，其中所述移动包括在所述调整平面上的转动。
在一个实施方式中，所述主动校准步骤中，所述移动还包括在所述调整平面上的平移。
在一个实施方式中，所述主动校准还包括：根据所述光学系统的实测解像力，调节并确定所述第一镜头部件的轴线相对于所述第二镜头部件的轴线的夹角。
在一个实施方式中，所述主动校准还包括：沿着垂直于所述调整平面的方向移动所述第一镜头部件，根据所述光学系统的实测解像力，确定所述第一镜头部件与所述第二镜头部件之间的在垂直于所述调整平面的方向上的相对位置。
在一个实施方式中，所述第一镜头部件还包括第一镜筒，并且所 述至少一个第一镜片安装于所述第一镜筒的内侧。
在一个实施方式中，所述预定位步骤中，使所述第一镜头部件的底面和所述第二镜头部件的顶面之间具有间隙；以及所述粘结步骤中，所述胶材布置于所述间隙。
本申请的另一方面还提供了一种摄像模组组装方法，包括：利用前述任意一个实施方式的光学镜头组装方法组装光学镜头；以及基于所述光学镜头组装摄像模组。
与现有技术相比，本申请可具有下列至少一个技术效果：
1、可通过将自由曲面镜片应用于小尺寸、大光圈的光学镜头来降低畸变。
2、可通过将自由曲面镜片应用于高像素、小尺寸、大光圈的摄像模组来降低畸变。
3、可降低摄像模组光学总长，从而减小摄像模组的体积。
4、可有效地避免组装时自由曲面镜片在镜筒内发生不期望的旋转或旋转方向的定位不准确而导致的产品不良问题。自由曲面镜片组装误差尤其是旋转误差的敏感度很高，如果基于传统工艺组装含有自由曲面镜片的光学镜头或摄像模组，自由曲面镜片在镜筒内容易发生不期望的旋转或旋转方向的定位不准确，进而导致产品成像品质不达标甚至无法成像等问题。而本申请中的至少一个实施方式可有效地解决上述问题。
5、可有效地提高自由曲面镜片在小尺寸光学装置领域的安装精度，从而提高光学镜头或摄像模组的成像品质。
6、可有效地提高含自由曲面镜片的光学镜头或摄像模组的生产效率以及提升产品良率，适合于大批量生产。
附图说明
在参考附图中示出示例性实施例。本文中公开的实施例和附图应被视作说明性的，而非限制性的。
图1示出了本申请一个实施例的光学镜头1000的剖面示意图；
图2示出了本申请一个实施例中的一个自由曲面镜片的立体示意图；
图3示出了本申请一个实施例的摄像模组2000的剖面示意图；
图4示出了本申请另一实施例的光学镜头1000a的剖面示意图；
图5示出了基于图4的光学镜头1000a的感光组件2000a的剖面示意图；
图6示出了本申请另一实施例的光学镜头1000b的剖面示意图；
图7示出了基于图6的光学镜头1000b的感光组件2000b的剖面示意图；
图8示出了本申请一个实施例中的光学镜头组装方法的流程图；
图9a示出了本申请一个实施例中的主动校准中相对位置调节方式；
图9b示出了本申请另一个实施例的主动校准中的旋转调节；
图9c示出了本申请又一个实施例的主动校准中的增加了v、w方向调节的相对位置调节方式。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本申请，将参考附图对本申请的各个方面做出更详细的说明。应理解，这些详细说明只是对本申请的示例性实施方式的描述，而非以任何方式限制本申请的范围。在说明书全文中，相同的附图标号指代相同的元件。表述“和/或”包括相关联的所列项目中的一个或多个的任何和全部组合。
应注意，在本说明书中，第一、第二等的表述仅用于将一个特征与另一个特征区分开来，而不表示对特征的任何限制。因此，在不背离本申请的教导的情况下，下文中讨论的第一主体也可被称作第二主体。
在附图中，为了便于说明，已稍微夸大了物体的厚度、尺寸和形状。附图仅为示例而并非严格按比例绘制。
还应理解的是，用语“包括”、“包括有”、“具有”、“包含”和/或“包含 有”，当在本说明书中使用时表示存在所陈述的特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件，但不排除存在或附加有一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或它们的组合。此外，当诸如“...中的至少一个”的表述出现在所列特征的列表之后时，修饰整个所列特征，而不是修饰列表中的单独元件。此外，当描述本申请的实施方式时，使用“可以”表示“本申请的一个或多个实施方式”。并且，用语“示例性的”旨在指代示例或举例说明。
如在本文中使用的，用语“基本上”、“大约”以及类似的用语用作表近似的用语，而不用作表程度的用语，并且旨在说明将由本领域普通技术人员认识到的、测量值或计算值中的固有偏差。
除非另外限定，否则本文中使用的所有用语(包括技术用语和科学用语)均具有与本申请所属领域普通技术人员的通常理解相同的含义。还应理解的是，用语(例如在常用词典中定义的用语)应被解释为具有与它们在相关技术的上下文中的含义一致的含义，并且将不被以理想化或过度正式意义解释，除非本文中明确如此限定。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。
图1示出了本申请一个实施例的光学镜头1000的剖面示意图。该光学镜头1000包括第一镜头部件100、第二镜头部件200和将第一镜头部件100和第二镜头部件200粘结在一起的胶材(图中未示出)。其中，第一镜头部件100包括第一镜筒101和一个第一镜片102，且第一镜片102为自由曲面镜片。第二镜头部件200包括第二镜筒201和五个第二镜片202。胶材被布置于第一镜头部件100和第二镜头部件200之间的间隙400，以将第一镜头部件100和第二镜头部件200固定在一起。本实施例中，该胶材支撑并固定第一镜头部件100和第二镜头部件200，并使得第一镜头部件100和第二镜头部件200的相对位置保持主动校准所确定的相对位置。
本实施例中，自由曲面镜片具有基于自由曲面(FREE-FORM)技 术加工形成复杂光学表面。该复杂光学表面例如可以在光学设计时通过自由曲面设计软件将渐进多焦点面型设计在镜片的前或后表面，再通过例如在高精度的数控车床上进行精磨和抛光等步骤加工而得到。图2示出了本申请一个实施例中的一个自由曲面镜片的立体示意图。参考图2，可以看出自由曲面是一种复杂的非球面，在大多数情况下是无规则非对称的。对于自由曲面镜片来说，其在垂直于其厚度方向的平面上具有很强的方向性。本实施例中，可以通过在主动校准阶段调节第一镜头部件100和第二镜头部件200的相对位置关系，来使上述自由曲面镜片的实际基准方向与光学设计所确定的基准方向的差异不大于预定阈值角度，例如0.05度(其中基准方向用于表征自由曲面镜片的面型方向信息)，然后再用位于间隙400的胶材支撑并固定第一镜头部件100和第二镜头部件200，使得第一镜头部件100和第二镜头部件200的相对位置保持主动校准所确定的相对位置，从而保证光学镜头的成像品质。
与之对比，在传统的光学镜头组装工艺中，多个镜片组装于同一镜筒内。而且非旋转对称的自由曲面镜片没有光轴对称的固有性质，也就是不能依靠镜片的光轴进行组装上的定位、调整等操作，导致装配难度极大，尤其是传统工艺中的自由曲面镜片在镜筒内的旋转定位非常困难。换句话说，自由曲面镜片组装误差尤其是旋转误差的敏感度很高，如果基于传统工艺组装含有自由曲面镜片的光学镜头或摄像模组，自由曲面镜片在镜筒内容易发生不期望的旋转或旋转方向的定位不准确，进而导致产品成像品质不达标甚至无法成像等问题。
进一步地，图3示出了本申请一个实施例的摄像模组2000的剖面示意图。该摄像模组2000包括如图1所示的光学镜头1000和感光组件300。感光组件300包括线路板301、安装在线路板301上的感光芯片302、安装在线路板301上且围绕所述感光芯片的筒状支撑体303、以及安装在筒状支撑体303上的滤色片304。进一步地，第二镜头部件200还可以包括马达，第二镜筒202可以安装在马达的载体内。筒状支撑体303的顶面安装马达从而将第二镜头部件200与感光组件300固定在一起。需要注意，在本申请的其它实施例中，马达也可以 被诸如筒状支撑体的其它结构代替，或者也可以被取消并直接将第二镜筒201安装在筒状支撑体303的顶面。需注意，在其它实施例中马达也可以被其它类型的光学致动器替换，例如SMA(形状记忆合金)致动器，MEMS致动器等。其中，光学致动器是指用于促使光学镜头相对于感光芯片移动的器件。
上述实施例可具有以下有益效果中的至少之一：
通过将自由曲面镜片应用于小尺寸、大光圈的光学镜头来降低畸变；
可通过将自由曲面镜片应用于高像素、小尺寸、大光圈的摄像模组来降低畸变；
可降低摄像模组光学总长，从而减小摄像模组的体积；以及
可有效地避免组装时自由曲面镜片在镜筒内发生不期望的旋转或旋转方向的定位不准确而导致的产品不良问题。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，间隙400在沿着光学镜头的光轴方向上的尺寸可例如为30-100μm。
进一步地，图4示出了本申请另一实施例的光学镜头1000a的剖面示意图。如图4所示，本实施例与图1所示的光学镜头1000区别在于第二镜头部件200中具有自由曲面镜片109。第一镜头部件100的第一镜片采用常规镜片。进一步地，图5示出了基于图4的光学镜头1000a的感光组件2000a的剖面示意图。
进一步地，图6示出了本申请另一实施例的光学镜头1000b的剖面示意图。如图6所示，本实施例与图1所示的光学镜头1000区别在于第一镜头部件100和第二镜头部件200中分别具有自由曲面镜片109a和109b。这种设计下，在主动校准阶段可以通过调节所述第一镜头部件100和所述第二镜头部件200的相对位置来使自由曲面镜片109a和109b的面型方向形成互补，从而更好地调整光学系统的实际成像品质。进一步地，图7示出了基于图6的光学镜头1000b的感光组件2000b的剖面示意图。由于可以在主动校准阶段可以通过调节所述第一镜头部件100和所述第二镜头部件200的相对位置来使自由曲 面镜片109a和109b的面型方向形成互补，因此该摄像模组2000b可以具有更好的成像品质。
需要注意，上述实施例中，第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件的镜片数目可以根据需要调整。例如第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件的镜片数量可以分别为二和四，也可以分别为三和三，也可以分别为四和二，也可以分别为五和一。整个光学镜头的镜片总数也可以根据需要调整，例如光学镜头的镜片总数可以是六，也可以是五或七。
还需要注意，本申请的光学镜头，镜头部件不限于两个，例如镜头部件的数目也可以是三或四等大于二的数目。当组成光学镜头的镜头部件超过两个时，可以将相邻的两个镜头部件分别视为前文所述的第一镜头部件和前文所述的第二镜头部件。例如，当光学镜头的镜头部件的数目为三时，光学镜头可包括两个第一镜头部件和位于这两个第一镜头部件之间的一个第二镜头部件，并且这两个第一镜头部件的所有第一镜片和一个第二镜头部件的所有第二镜片共同构成进行主动校准的可成像光学系。当光学镜头的镜头部件的数目为四时，光学镜头可包括两个第一镜头部件和两个第二镜头部件，并按第一镜头部件、第二镜头部件、第一镜头部件、第二镜头部件的次序自上而下排列，并且这两个第一镜头部件的所有第一镜片和两个第二镜头部件的所有第二镜片共同构成进行主动校准的可成像光学系。诸如此类的其它变形本文中不再一一赘述。
进一步地，图8示出了本申请一个实施例中的光学镜头组装方法的流程图。参考图8，该方法包括：
步骤10，准备彼此分离的第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件，其中第一镜头部件包括第一镜筒和安装在第一镜筒内的至少一个第一镜片，第二镜头部件包括第二镜筒和安装在第二镜筒内的至少一个第二镜片。其中，第一镜片和第二镜片中，至少存在一个自由曲面镜片。
步骤20，对第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件进行预定位，使至少一个第二镜片与所述至少一个第一镜片共同构成可成像的光学系。
步骤30，基于主动校准来调整和确定第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件的相对位置。
步骤40，通过胶材粘结第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件。本步骤中，利用固化的胶材支撑并固定第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件，以使第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件的相对位置保持在通过主动校准所确定的相对位置。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，可以在执行步骤30前，在第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件之间的间隙进行胶材涂布，然后再执行步骤30以调整和确定第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件的相对位置。在确定该相对位置后，执行步骤40使胶材固化，从而利用固化的胶材支撑所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件，进而使第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件的相对位置保持在通过主动校准所确定的相对位置。而在另一个实施例中，可以先执行步骤30以调整和确定第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件的相对位置。在确定该相对位置后，暂时将第一镜头部件(或第二镜头部件)移开，然后进行胶材涂布，再基于所确定的相对位置将第一镜头部件(或第二镜头部件)移回。最后固化胶材，使所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置保持在通过主动校准所确定的相对位置。
进一步地，本申请中所述的主动校准可以在多个自由度上对第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件的相对位置进行调整。图9a示出了本申请一个实施例中的主动校准中相对位置调节方式。在该调节方式中，第一镜头部件(也可以是第一镜片)可以相对于所述第二镜头部件沿着x、y、z方向移动(即该实施例中的相对位置调整具有三个自由度)。其中z方向为沿着光轴的方向，x，y方向为垂直于光轴的方向。x、y方向均处于一个调整平面P内，在该调整平面P内平移均可分解为x、y方向的两个分量。
图9b示出了本申请另一个实施例的主动校准中的旋转调节。在该实施例中，相对位置调整除了具有图9a的三个自由度外，还增加了旋转自由度，即r方向的调节。本实施例中，r方向的调节是在所述调整平面P内的旋转，即围绕垂直于所述调整平面P的轴线的旋转。
进一步地，图9c示出了本申请又一个实施例的主动校准中的增加了v、w方向调节的相对位置调节方式。其中，v方向代表xoz平面的 旋转角，w方向代表yoz平面的旋转角，v方向和w方向的旋转角可合成一个矢量角，这个矢量角代表总的倾斜状态。也就是说，通过v方向和w方向调节，可以调节第一镜头部件相对于第二镜头部件的倾斜姿态(也就是所述第一镜头部件的光轴相对于所述第二镜头部件的光轴的倾斜)。
上述x、y、z、r、v、w六个自由度的调节均可能影响到所述光学系的成像品质(例如影响到解像力的大小)。在本申请的其它实施例中，相对位置调节方式可以是仅调节上述六个自由度中的任一项，也可以其中任两项或者更多项的组合。
特别地，在一个实施例中，主动校准至少包括r方向的校准。具体来说，主动校准步骤(步骤30)包括：根据光学系统的实测解像力(本申请中，解像力可以通过实测的MTF曲线或SFR曲线获得，但获取解像力的方法不限于此)，通过夹持或吸附第一镜头部件和/或第二镜头部件，来调节并确定第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件的相对位置关系。其中，沿着调整平面移动第一镜头部件，根据光学系统的实测解像力，确定第一镜片与第二镜头部件之间的沿着所述平面的移动方向上的相对位置，其中所述移动包括在所述调整平面上的转动，即r方向上的运动。本实施例中，第一镜头部件和/或第二镜头部件具有表征其所包含的自由曲面镜片的面型方向信息的标识。
在一个实施例中，自由曲面镜片具有垂直于其厚度方向的基准平面，所述自由曲面镜片在所述基准平面内具有基准方向，第一镜头部件和/或第二镜头部件具有所述基准方向的标识以表征自由曲面镜片的面型方向信息。自由曲面镜片的对在所述基准平面内的旋转定位十分敏感，而在主动校准阶段，使第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件沿r方向相对移动和调节，可以提高自由曲面镜片的实际基准方向的安装精度。例如可以使得自由曲面镜片的实际基准方向与光学设计所确定的基准方向的差异不大于0.05度，进而获得具有高成像品质的小尺寸、大光圈光学镜头或摄像模组。本实施例中，在自由曲面镜片相对其他镜头进行旋转校正时，可以实时采集和得到像差调整数据并校正，最终使得所述带有自由曲面镜片的镜头和/或摄像模组得到更优成像效 果。通过调整以使两个镜头部件所组成的光学系统具有较佳的成像性能，例如成像的四周畸变量小，光学系统的像差小。主动校准的调整指标可以不同的需求进行设置。从而使得不同调整指标的主动校准后的光学镜头满足不同的光学性能。
另一方面，在预定位阶段，基准方向的标识可以帮助自由曲面镜片快速预定位至光学设计所确定的方向上，然后再在预定位的基础上进行主动调整。这样将有助于提高光学镜头或摄像模组的生产效率。在另一个实施例中，也可以基于机器视觉技术对自由曲面镜片的面型方向进行机器识别，并基于识别结果进行r方向的预定位，然后再在预定位的基础上进行主动调整。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，主动校准步骤中，所述移动还包括在所述调整平面上的平移，即x、y方向上的运动。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，所述主动校准还包括：根据所述光学系统的实测解像力，调节并确定所述第一镜头部件的轴线相对于所述第二镜头部件的轴线的夹角，即w、v方向上的调节。所组装的光学镜头或摄像模组中，所述第一镜头部件的轴线与所述第二镜头部件的轴线之间可以具有不为零的夹角。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，所述主动校准还包括：沿着垂直于所述调整平面的方向移动所述第一镜头部件(即z方向上的调节)，根据所述光学系统的实测解像力，确定所述第一镜头部件与所述第二镜头部件之间的在垂直于所述调整平面的方向上的相对位置。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，所述预定位步骤(步骤20)中，使所述第一镜头部件的底面和所述第二镜头部件的顶面之间具有间隙；以及所述粘结步骤(步骤40)中，所述胶材布置于所述间隙。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，所述准备步骤(步骤10)中，所述第一镜头部件还可以不具有第一镜筒。例如第一镜头部件可以由单个第一镜片构成。所述预定位步骤(步骤20)中，使所述第一镜片的底面和所述第二镜头部件的顶面之间具有间隙；以及所述粘结步骤(步骤40)中，将所述胶材布置于所述间隙。本实施例中，第一镜片可以由互相嵌合形成一体的多个子镜片形成。本实施例中，第一镜片的不 用于成像的非光学面的侧面和顶面可以形成遮光层。该遮光层可以通过在第一镜片的侧面和顶面丝网印刷遮光材料而形成。
在一个实施例中，主动校准步骤中，可以固定第二镜头部件，通过夹具夹持第一镜头部件，在与夹具连接的六轴运动机构的带动下，移动第一镜头部件，从而实现第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件之间的上述六个自由度下的相对移动。其中，夹具可以承靠于或部分承靠于第一镜头部件的侧面，从而将第一镜头部件夹起。
进一步地，根据本申请的一个实施例，还提供了一种摄像模组组装方法，包括：利用前述任一实施例的光学镜头组装方法组装光学镜头，然后利用所组装的光学镜头制作摄像模组。
进一步地，根据本申请的另一个实施例，还提供了另一种摄像模组组装方法的流程图，该方法包括：
步骤100，准备第一镜头部件和摄像模组部件，其中摄像模组部件包括结合在一起的第二镜头部件和感光模组，并且第一镜头部件包括第一镜筒和安装在第一镜筒内的至少一个第一镜片，第二镜头部件包括第二镜筒和安装在第二镜筒内的至少一个第二镜片。并且，第一镜片和第二镜片中至少存在一个自由曲面镜片。
步骤200，对第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件进行预定位，使至少一个第二镜片与至少一个第一镜片共同构成可成像的光学系。
步骤300，基于主动校准来调整和确定第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件的相对位置。
步骤400，通过胶材粘结第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件。
可以看出，与前一实施例相比，本实施例中第二镜头部件和感光模组先组装在一起构成摄像模组部件，然后再将摄像模组部件与第一镜头部件组装，得到完整的摄像模组。将摄像模组部件与第一镜头部件组装的流程还可以有多种变形，例如可参考前文所述的光学镜头组装方法的多个实施例，来实现摄像模组部件与第一镜头部件的组装。
以上描述仅为本申请的较佳实施方式以及对所运用技术原理的说 明。本领域技术人员应当理解，本申请中所涉及的申请范围，并不限于上述技术特征的特定组合而成的技术方案，同时也应涵盖在不脱离所述申请构思的情况下，由上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其它技术方案。例如上述特征与本申请中公开的(但不限于)具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种光学镜头，其特征在于，包括：
    第一镜头部件，其包括至少一个第一镜片；
    第二镜头部件，其包括第二镜筒和安装在所述第二镜筒内的至少一个第二镜片，所述至少一个第一镜片与所述至少一个第二镜片共同构成可成像的光学系统，并且所述至少一个第一镜片与所述至少一个第二镜片中具有至少一个自由曲面镜片；以及
    连接介质，适于将所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件固定在一起。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述连接介质为胶材，其适于支撑并固定所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件，并使得所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置保持主动校准所确定的相对位置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜头部件的轴线与所述第二镜头部件的轴线之间具有不为零的夹角。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片的数目为一，并且所述第一镜片为自由曲面镜片。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述至少一个第二镜片的数目为多个，并且所述至少一个第二镜片中具有一个自由曲面镜片。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述至少一个第一镜片中具有一个自由曲面镜片，并且所述至少一个第二镜片中具有一个自由曲面镜片。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜头部件还包括第一镜筒，并且所述至少一个第一镜片安装于所述第一镜筒的内侧。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜头部件和/或所述第二镜头部件具有表征其所包含的所述自由曲面镜片的面型方向信息的标识。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述自由曲面镜片具有垂直于其厚度方向的基准平面，所述自由曲面镜片在所述基准平面内具有基准方向，所述第一镜头部件和/或所述第二镜头部件具有所述基准方向的标识以表征所述自由曲面镜片的面型方向信息。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述连接介质为胶材，其适于支撑并固定所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件，并使得所述自由曲面镜片的实际基准方向与光学设计所确定的基准方向的差异不大于预定阈值角度。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述预定阈值角度为0.05度。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，在沿着所述光学镜头的光轴方向上，所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件之间具有间隙。
  13. 一种摄像模组，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-12中任意一项所述的光学镜头。
  14. 一种光学镜头组装方法，其特征在于，包括：
    对第一镜头部件和第二镜头部件进行预定位，使所述至少一个第一镜片与所述至少一个第二镜片共同构成可成像的光学系统，其中，所述第一镜头部件包括至少一个第一镜片，所述第二镜头部件包括第二镜筒和安装在所述第二镜筒内的至少一个第二镜片，并且所述至少一个第一镜片与所述至少一个第二镜片中具有至少一个自由曲面镜片；
    基于主动校准来调整和确定所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置；以及
    通过胶材粘结所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件，使所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件固定并保持在主动校准所确定的相对位置。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的光学镜头组装方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个第一镜片中具有至少一个自由曲面镜片，且所述至少一个第二镜片中也具有至少一个自由曲面镜片。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的光学镜头组装方法，其特征在于，所述主动校准包括：根据所述光学系统的实测解像力，通过夹持或吸附所述第一镜头部件和/或所述第二镜头部件，来调节并确定所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置关系。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的光学镜头组装方法，其特征在于，所述主动校准还包括：通过调节所述第一镜头部件和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置关系，来使所述自由曲面镜片的实际基准方向与光学设计所确定的基准方向的差异不大于预定阈值角度，其中所述基准方向用于表征所述自由曲面镜片的面型方向信息。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的光学镜头组装方法，其特征在于，所述预定阈值角度为0.05度。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的光学镜头组装方法，其特征在于，所述主动校准还包括：沿着调整平面移动第一镜头部件，根据所述光学系统的实测解像力，确定所述第一镜片与所述第二镜头部件之间的沿着所述平面的移动方向上的相对位置，其中所述移动包括在所述调整平面上的转动。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的光学镜头组装方法，其特征在于，所述主动校准步骤中，所述移动还包括在所述调整平面上的平移。
  21. 根据权利要求16所述的光学镜头组装方法，其特征在于，所述主动校准还包括：根据所述光学系统的实测解像力，调节并确定所述第一镜头部件的轴线相对于所述第二镜头部件的轴线的夹角。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的光学镜头组装方法，其特征在于，所述主动校准还包括：沿着垂直于所述调整平面的方向移动所述第一镜头部件，根据所述光学系统的实测解像力，确定所述第一镜头部件与所述第二镜头部件之间的在垂直于所述调整平面的方向上的相对位置。
  23. 根据权利要求17或18所述的光学镜头组装方法，其特征在于，所述第一镜头部件还包括第一镜筒，并且所述至少一个第一镜片安装于所述第一镜筒的内侧。
  24. 根据权利要求17所述的光学镜头组装方法，其特征在于，所述预定位步骤中，使所述第一镜头部件的底面和所述第二镜头部件的顶面之间具有间隙；且所述粘结步骤中，所述胶材布置于所述间隙。
  25. 一种摄像模组组装方法，其特征在于，利用如权利要求14-24中任意一项所述的光学镜头组装方法组装光学镜头；以及基于所述光学镜头组装摄像模组。
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