WO2019181282A1 - Roller bearing retainer - Google Patents

Roller bearing retainer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019181282A1
WO2019181282A1 PCT/JP2019/004995 JP2019004995W WO2019181282A1 WO 2019181282 A1 WO2019181282 A1 WO 2019181282A1 JP 2019004995 W JP2019004995 W JP 2019004995W WO 2019181282 A1 WO2019181282 A1 WO 2019181282A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
roller bearing
roller
tapered roller
rollers
pocket hole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/004995
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
康樹 薮林
将吾 深田
朋美 細川
誠司 亀田
建治 手嶋
Original Assignee
中西金属工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2019020466A external-priority patent/JP7263810B2/en
Application filed by 中西金属工業株式会社 filed Critical 中西金属工業株式会社
Priority to EP19771435.5A priority Critical patent/EP3770453B1/en
Publication of WO2019181282A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019181282A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/44—Needle bearings
    • F16C19/46—Needle bearings with one row or needles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/54—Cages for rollers or needles made from wire, strips, or sheet metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • F16C43/06—Placing rolling bodies in cages or bearings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a roller bearing cage in which a plurality of pocket holes for accommodating tapered rollers or cylindrical rollers are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
  • a tapered roller bearing As a bearing capable of supporting a radial load and a thrust load, a tapered roller bearing is widely used in a rotation support portion of a drive device, a gear reduction device, a power transmission device and the like of various industrial machines.
  • Such a tapered roller bearing is provided with a large diameter large collar and a small diameter small collar on both sides in the axial direction of the conical outer surface raceway surface of the inner ring, and the conical outer surface raceway surface of the inner ring and the conical inner surface raceway of the outer ring.
  • a plurality of tapered rollers are arranged between the surfaces, and a tapered roller bearing retainer for holding these tapered rollers at equal intervals in the circumferential direction is provided.
  • a tapered roller bearing cage As a tapered roller bearing cage, a press cage made of a steel plate such as a cold rolled steel plate or a hot rolled steel plate is generally used.
  • cylindrical roller bearings in which cylindrical rollers are incorporated as rolling elements are suitable for high-speed rotation, and are therefore widely used in rotation support portions of machine tool spindles such as lathes, milling machines, and machining centers.
  • cylindrical rollers (6, 13) are directed toward the inner diameter side on both sides of a column portion including a central annular portion (1a, 14a) having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter of the cylindrical rollers (6, 13).
  • the central annular portion (1a, 14a) of the column portion is provided with roller stoppers (2, 2,... Facing each other at a distance smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical rollers (6, 13). Or 15, 15, ).
  • the cylindrical rollers (6, 13) are incorporated from the outside in the radial direction while elastically deforming the roller stoppers (2, 2, or 15, 15) opposed in the circumferential direction in the pockets (3, 16). ing.
  • JP 2000-266063 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-2733
  • the present invention intends to solve the problem that the roller bearing is easy to assemble and maintain, the column portion is thinned, and there is no problem of strength and the like.
  • it is an object to provide a roller bearing cage that requires time for adjustment and can eliminate the need for expanding the bottom and caulking, which may adversely affect the accuracy of the cage.
  • the roller bearing retainer according to the present invention is provided with a plurality of pocket holes that accommodate the rollers that guide and rotate the rollers that are rolling elements of the roller bearings at predetermined intervals.
  • the pillar portion located between the adjacent pocket holes is A central guide portion that is positioned in the axial center of the column portion on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter of the rollers and guides the rollers;
  • One of the pocket holes is provided with one retaining protrusion at a diagonal thereof (Claim 1).
  • the pocket hole is provided with a circumferential relief portion on a diagonal side where the retaining protrusion is not provided (Claim 2).
  • the roller can be easily assembled to the inner ring by inserting it from the outside in the radial direction of the pocket hole while tilting the roller so as to avoid the retaining protrusion located diagonally.
  • the assembly workability of the roller bearing can be improved.
  • the rollers can be tilted and taken out so as to avoid the locking protrusions located diagonally, making it easy to disassemble and maintain the roller bearing. .
  • the column portion since the central guide portion and the pair of end portions constituting the column portion are located on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter of the rollers, the column portion does not become thin, which causes a problem in terms of strength. There is no fear of being moldable.
  • the column part is composed of a center guide part and a pair of ends on the outer diameter side of the center guide part, such a stepped shape of the column part is compared with a cage having a normal shape. The contact area with the roller is reduced. Therefore, the lubricating oil is easy to pass and the lubricity is improved, so that the torque can be reduced.
  • the bottom expansion process and the caulking process are not necessary, and the adjustment does not take man-hours. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the accuracy of the retainer can be increased. It is easy and variation in accuracy can be reduced.
  • a large mold or press working machine for expanding the bottom or caulking is not required, so that the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.
  • since there is no change in the window length due to the expansion of the bottom it is possible to close the axial gap to make an appropriate gap.
  • the interval between the central guide portions of the adjacent column portions is set larger than the corresponding diameter of the rollers (Claim 3). According to such a configuration, since the interval between the central guide portions of the adjacent column portions is larger than the corresponding diameter of the rollers, the insertion resistance is increased by the central guide portion when inserting the rollers from the radially outer side of the pocket holes. Does not increase. Therefore, even in the case of a large cage for a particularly large roller bearing, the roller can be easily inserted from the radially outer side of the pocket hole.
  • a contact surface that contacts a side surface of the roller which is a shear surface generated when the pocket hole is punched, or
  • a contact surface that is formed by pressing the shear surface and contacts the side surface of the roller is formed. According to such a configuration, the pressing process is performed such that the contact surface of the central guide portion of the column portion that contacts the side surface of the roller does not contact the smooth surface or the edge portion of the shear surface. Since it is a surface, the stability of the roller can be improved.
  • roller bearings can be assembled easily by inserting them from the outside of the pocket hole in the radial direction while tilting the rollers so as to avoid the locking protrusions located diagonally. Can be improved.
  • the pillar part has a stepped shape consisting of a central guide part and a pair of end parts, the contact area with the roller is smaller compared to a normal-shaped cage, and lubricating oil is easy to pass through. Therefore, the torque can be reduced.
  • the bottom expansion process and the caulking process are not required and the adjustment does not take man-hours. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the accuracy of the cage can be easily increased. And variation in accuracy can be reduced.
  • a large mold or press working machine for expanding the bottom or caulking is not required, so that the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.
  • the tapered roller bearing retainer there is no change in the window length due to the expansion of the bottom, so that the axial clearance can be reduced to an appropriate clearance.
  • FIG. 1 It is a perspective view of the cage for roller bearings concerning Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and shows the cage for tapered roller bearings. It is a perspective view which shows the state which hold
  • the roller bearing retainer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention shown in the perspective view of FIG. 1 is a tapered roller bearing retainer 1A.
  • the tapered roller bearing retainer 1A is used in a tapered roller bearing 10A shown in the front view of the enlarged main part of the main portion in FIG.
  • the tapered roller bearing 10A includes an inner ring 11 and an outer ring 12, and a plurality of tapered rollers 15A, 15A,.
  • the inner ring 11 has a conical outer surface-like raceway surface 11A, a large flange 13 at a large diameter side end portion, and a small flange 14 at a small diameter side end portion.
  • the outer ring 12 has a conical inner surface raceway surface 12A.
  • the tapered rollers 15A, 15A, ... roll between the conical outer surface raceway surface 11A and the conical inner surface raceway surface 12A.
  • the tapered roller bearing retainer 1A includes a pair of large-diameter ring portions 2 and small-diameter ring portions 3 that are separated in the axial direction by a plurality of column portions 4, 4,.
  • the column part 4 positioned between the adjacent pocket holes P, P includes the central guide part 5 and the ring part 2. , 3, which are a pair of end portions, which are a large diameter side end portion 6 and a small diameter side end portion 7.
  • the central guide portion 5 is positioned at the center of the column portion 4 in the axial direction and guides the tapered roller 15A.
  • the large diameter side end portion 6 is connected to the upper portion of the central guide portion 5 by the inclined portion 8, and is connected to the large diameter ring portion 2 on the outer diameter side of the central guide portion 5.
  • the small diameter side end portion 7 is connected to the lower portion of the central guide portion 5 by the inclined portion 9, and is connected to the small diameter ring portion 3 on the outer diameter side of the central guide portion 5.
  • the large-diameter side end 6 of the column part 4 and the small-diameter side end part 7 of the column part 4 have one retaining protrusion 6A and one retaining protrusion 7A at the opposite corner in one pocket hole P. Provide one by one. Further, when the pocket hole P is inserted into the inner ring 11 by inserting the tapered roller 15A from the radially outer side of the pocket hole P, as will be described later, a pair of retaining protrusions 6A, 7A positioned diagonally are provided. In order to avoid this, the tapered roller 15A is shaped so as to be inserted while being inclined. That is, as shown in the enlarged front view of the main part of FIGS.
  • the axial relief portions 6B and 7B are provided on the diagonal provided with the retaining protrusions 6A and 7A of the pocket hole P, and the pocket holes Circumferential relief portions 6C and 7C are provided diagonally on which the P retaining projections 6A and 7A are not provided.
  • the tapered roller 15A when the tapered roller 15A is inserted from the radially outer side of the pocket hole P and assembled to the inner ring 11 as shown in the main part enlarged partial longitudinal sectional front view of FIG. 5, the main part enlarged front view of FIG. While inclining the tapered roller 15A so as to avoid the pair of retaining protrusions 6A and 7A located diagonally as in the middle of insertion (see the pocket hole P from the front where the tapered roller 15A is allowed during insertion). The angle of inclination around the normal line at the time (see ⁇ )), and can be inserted into the pocket hole P. And the state which insertion of the tapered roller 15A to the pocket hole P shown in the principal part expanded partial longitudinal cross-sectional front view of FIG.
  • the length of the tapered roller 15A is RL
  • the large-diameter radius is R1
  • the small-diameter radius is R2.
  • the window height L is slightly larger than the length RL of the tapered roller 15A, and is set according to the required specifications.
  • the window width of the roller guide portion is set to be 0.5 to 3.5% larger than the radius of the corresponding tapered roller 15A.
  • the window width W at the center in the height direction of the pocket hole P is set to be 0.5 to 3.5% larger than (R1 + R2) / 2.
  • the axial relief amounts L1 and L2 are set to 1 to 5% of the length RL of the tapered roller 15A in relation to the groove length of the inner ring 11.
  • the large-diameter side roller retaining portion length L3 and the small-diameter side roller retaining portion length L4 are 5% or more of the length RL of the tapered roller 15A so that the tapered roller 15A does not come off.
  • the large-diameter roller retaining portion window width is set to be 2 to 10% smaller than the radius of the corresponding tapered roller 15A.
  • the window width W1 of the pocket hole P at the position corresponding to the upper end of the window height L is set to be 2 to 10% smaller than the large-diameter side radius R1 of the tapered roller 15A.
  • the small-diameter side roller retaining portion window width is set to be 2 to 10% smaller than the radius of the corresponding tapered roller 15A.
  • the window width W2 of the pocket hole P at the position corresponding to the lower end of the window height L is set to be 2 to 10% smaller than the small diameter side radius R2 of the tapered roller 15A.
  • the large-diameter-side roller non-preventing portion window width W3 is set so as not to have a tightening margin with the retaining protrusion 6A in the step of inserting the tapered roller 15A into the pocket hole P.
  • the small diameter side roller non-retained portion window width W4 is set so as not to have a tightening margin with respect to the retained protrusion 7A in the process of inserting the tapered roller 15A into the pocket hole P.
  • the strength of the tapered roller bearing retainer 1A can be secured, the inclination of the tapered roller 15A can be minimized, and the cone The stress when the roller 15A is inserted can be made lower than the yield stress.
  • ⁇ is an angle of inclination around the normal line when the pocket hole P is viewed from the front (see FIG. 7A), in which the tapered roller is allowed during insertion.
  • the tapered rollers were modeled as being inserted one by one.
  • the analysis start position (before insertion) of the tapered roller is the normal when the pocket hole is viewed from the front with the tapered roller inserted into the pocket hole (the tapered roller bearing is completed). The position is moved to the outside diameter side so as not to interfere with the cage along the direction.
  • the maximum stress generated in the cage when the tapered roller is inserted into the pocket hole of the tapered roller bearing cage is generated at the corner R portion CR of the pocket hole.
  • the value was about 50% of the yield stress and was in the elastic range.
  • the tapered roller 15A is tilted so as to avoid the diagonally protruding retaining projections 6A and 7A, and inserted from the radially outer side of the pocket hole P.
  • the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,... can be easily assembled to the inner ring 11, there is no need to expand the bottom or crimp. Therefore, since the bottom expansion process and the caulking process are not required and the adjustment does not require man-hours, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, the accuracy of the cage 1A can be easily increased, and the variation in accuracy can be reduced.
  • center guide part 5 and the large diameter side end part 6 and the small diameter side end part 7 constituting the column part 4 are located on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD of the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,. (Does not straddle the pitch circle diameter PCD).
  • center guide portions 5, 5,... are located on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD of the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,..., The gap between the tapered rollers 15A, 15A is larger than on the pitch circle diameter PCD. Become wider.
  • the column part 4 since the width (circumferential length) of the column part 4 can be secured relatively large, the column part 4 is not thinned, so there is no possibility of becoming a problem from the viewpoint of strength or being unable to be molded. Further, since the column portion 4 is composed of the central guide portion 5 and the large-diameter side end portion 6 and the small-diameter side end portion 7 which are further on the outer diameter side than the central guide portion 5, such a step portion of the column portion 4 is provided. Depending on the shape, the contact area with the tapered roller 15 ⁇ / b> A is smaller than that of a cage having a normal shape. Therefore, the lubricating oil is easy to pass and the lubricity is improved, so that the torque can be reduced.
  • the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,... are assembled to the inner ring 11, if the outer ring 12 is removed, the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,... Are tilted so as to avoid the retaining protrusions 6A, 7A located diagonally. Since it can be taken out, disassembly and maintenance of the tapered roller bearing 10A are facilitated. For example, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 10, in the state where one tapered roller 15A is taken out from the state shown in FIG. 2, the raceway surface 11A of the inner ring 11 from the pocket hole P where the tapered roller 15A is taken out (see FIG. 5). Can be visually confirmed.
  • FIG. 12 is an enlarged perspective view of the main part, an enlarged front view of the main part of FIG. 12, a front view of the main part enlarged part of FIG. 13, and an enlarged cross-sectional plan view of the main part of FIGS.
  • the interval between the central guide portions 5 and 5 of the adjacent column portions 4 and 4 is set so as to be within a specified range of the circumferential clearance of the tapered rollers 15A. Specifically, the interval between the central guide portions 5 and 5 is set to be 0.5% to 3.5% larger than the corresponding diameter of the tapered roller 15A as described above.
  • the central guide portions 5 and 5 do not have a function of preventing the tapered roller 15A from coming off, and the circumferential guide gap 15A is set by the interval between the central guide portions 5 and 5 to guide the tapered roller 15A. Further, since the distance between the central guide portions 5 and 5 of the adjacent column portions 4 and 4 is larger than the corresponding diameter of the tapered roller 15A, the central roller 15A is inserted when inserting the tapered roller 15A from the radially outer side of the pocket hole P. The insertion resistance is not increased by the guide portions 5 and 5. Therefore, even when the cage 1A is for a particularly large tapered roller bearing, the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,... Can be easily inserted from the radially outer side of the pocket holes P, P,.
  • 5A and 5A are the sheared surfaces B and B which are smooth surfaces, or the pressed surfaces C and C which are pressed so as not to contact at the edge portions of the sheared surfaces B and B, the stability of the tapered roller 15A is improved. It can be improved.
  • the lower surface of the large-diameter ring portion 2 and the upper surface of the small-diameter ring portion 3 are parallel to the end surface of the tapered roller 15A.
  • the central guide portion 5 of the column portion 4 is located on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD of the tapered roller 15A. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, the large-diameter side end 6 and the small-diameter side end 7 of the column part 4 are located further on the outer diameter side than the central guide part 5 at the position.
  • a central guide portion that guides the tapered roller 15A in the axial center of the column portion 4 on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD of the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,. 5 and from the shape and position of the column portion 4, which is composed of a large-diameter side end portion 6 and a small-diameter side end portion 7 on the outer diameter side of the central guide portion 5, with respect to the side surface of the cup-shaped cage 1 ⁇ / b> A. It is easy to set the shape of the cage 1A so that the direction in which the pocket hole P is punched out using a punch and a die is orthogonal.
  • the lower surface of the large-diameter ring portion 2 and the upper surface of the small-diameter ring portion 3 are parallel to the end surface of the tapered roller 15A as shown in FIG. Therefore, by setting the shape of the cage 1 as described above, the pocket hole P can be easily formed by punching, and thus the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
  • the roller bearing cage according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention shown in the perspective view of FIG. 17 is a cylindrical roller bearing cage 1B.
  • the cylindrical roller bearing retainer 1B is used for the cylindrical roller bearing 10B shown in the front view of the enlarged main portion of FIG.
  • the cylindrical roller bearing 10B includes an inner ring 11 and an outer ring 12, and a plurality of cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B,.
  • the inner ring 11 has a cylindrical outer surface raceway surface 11 ⁇ / b> A, and has flanges 13 and 14 at end portions in the axial direction.
  • the outer ring 12 has a cylindrical inner raceway surface 12A.
  • the cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B, ... roll between the cylindrical outer surface raceway surface 11A and the cylindrical inner surface raceway surface 12A.
  • the cylindrical roller bearing retainer 1 ⁇ / b> B has a shape in which a pair of ring portions 2, 3 separated in the axial direction are connected by a plurality of column portions 4, 4,. And a plurality of pocket holes P, P,... For accommodating the cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B,.
  • the column part 4 positioned between the adjacent pocket holes P, P is formed of the central guide part 5 and the ring part 2. , 3 and a pair of end portions 6, 7.
  • the center guide part 5 is located in the center of the column part 4 in the axial direction and guides the cylindrical roller 15B.
  • the end portion 6 is connected to the upper portion of the central guide portion 5 by the inclined portion 8, and is connected to the ring portion 2 on the outer diameter side of the central guide portion 5.
  • the end portion 7 is connected to the lower portion of the central guide portion 5 by the inclined portion 9 and connected to the ring portion 3 on the outer diameter side of the central guide portion 5.
  • the end portions 6 and 7 of the column portion 4 are each provided with one retaining projection 6A and one retaining projection 7A at the opposite corner of the pocket hole P. Further, as will be described later, when the cylindrical roller 15B is inserted from the outside in the radial direction of the pocket hole P and assembled to the inner ring 11, the pair of retaining protrusions 6A and 7A positioned diagonally are formed. In order to avoid, the cylindrical roller 15B has a shape that can be inserted while being inclined. 21A and 21B, for example, as shown in FIG. 21A and FIG.
  • the axial relief portions 6B and 7B are provided on the diagonals provided with the retaining protrusions 6A and 7A of the pocket hole P, and the pocket holes Circumferential relief portions 6C and 7C are provided diagonally on which the P retaining projections 6A and 7A are not provided.
  • the side surface of the cylindrical roller 15B comes into contact with the cylindrical outer surface raceway surface 11A of the inner ring 11, and the inclination of the inserted cylindrical roller 15B is corrected so as to avoid the retaining protrusions 6A and 7A.
  • the cylindrical rollers 15B are prevented from coming off by the retaining projections 6A and 7A.
  • the retaining portions 6A and 7A also have a function of controlling the radial movement of the cage 1B.
  • the window height L is slightly larger than the length RL of the cylindrical roller 15B, and is set according to the required specifications.
  • the window width of the roller guide portion is set to be 0.5 to 3.5% larger than the radius of the corresponding cylindrical roller 15B.
  • the window width W at the center of the pocket hole P in the height direction is set to be 0.5 to 3.5% larger than R1.
  • the axial relief amount L1 is set to 1 to 5% of the length RL of the cylindrical roller 15B in relation to the groove length of the inner ring 11.
  • the roller retaining portion length L3 is 5% or more of the length RL of the cylindrical roller 15B so that the cylindrical roller 15B does not come off.
  • the roller retaining portion window width W1 is set to be 2 to 10% smaller than the radius R1 of the cylindrical roller 15B.
  • the roller non-preventing portion window width W3 is set so that there is no tightening margin between the retaining protrusions 6A and 7A in the step of inserting the cylindrical roller 15B into the pocket hole P.
  • the cylindrical roller 15B is tilted so as to avoid the diagonally protruding retaining projections 6A and 7A, and is inserted from the radially outer side of the pocket hole P.
  • the cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B,... Can be easily assembled to the inner ring 11, so that the assembling workability of the cylindrical roller bearing 10B can be improved.
  • the cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B,... are assembled to the inner ring 11, if the outer ring 12 is removed, the cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B,... Are tilted so as to avoid the retaining protrusions 6A, 7A located diagonally.
  • the cylindrical roller bearing 10B can be easily disassembled and maintained.
  • the central guide portion 5 and the pair of end portions 6 and 7 constituting the pillar portion 4 are located on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD of the cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B,. Since the portion 4 does not become thin, there is no possibility of becoming a problem from the viewpoint of strength or becoming impossible to mold.
  • the column portion 4 is composed of the center guide portion 5 and a pair of end portions 6 and 7 on the outer diameter side of the center guide portion 5, the stepped shape of the column portion 4 is usually The contact area with the cylindrical roller 15B is smaller than that of the cage having the shape. Therefore, the lubricating oil is easy to pass and the lubricity is improved, so that the torque can be reduced.
  • the retaining protrusions 6A and 7A for retaining the cylindrical roller 15B are provided at the base portion of the column portion 4, the central annular portion having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter as in Patent Document 2 is provided.
  • the dimensional accuracy of the retaining projections 6A and 7A is significantly increased.
  • interval at the time of inserting a cylindrical roller becomes remarkably small. Therefore, since the variation in the diameter of the circle circumscribing the cylindrical roller assembled to the inner ring is reduced, the outer ring can be easily assembled to the intermediate assembly of the cylindrical roller bearing in which the inner ring, the cylindrical roller and the cage are integrated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a roller bearing retainer which has the properties of good assembly workability and good maintainability, does not develop a problem regarding strength, etc., due to thinning of a column part, and can eliminate the necessity of bottom enlarging or crimping when the roller bearing retainer is a tapered roller bearing. [Solution] A tapered roller bearing retainer 1 has a shape obtained by connecting a large-diameter ring portion 2 and a small-diameter ring portion 3 via a plurality of column portions 4. The column portions 4 are formed of a center guide section 5, a large-diameter-side end 6 contiguous with the large-diameter ring portion 2, and a small-diameter-side end 7 contiguous with the small-diameter ring portion 3. The center guide section 5 is located on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter of a tapered roller 15, and a pair of the ends 6, 7 are located on the further outer diameter side of the center guide section 5. In a state where the tapered roller 15 is attached to an inner ring 11, locking protrusions 6A, 7A for locking the tapered roller 15 are provided, at diagonal positions of a pocket hole P, to the ends 6, 7 of the column portions 4.

Description

ころ軸受用保持器Roller bearing cage
　本発明は、円錐ころ又は円筒ころを収容する複数のポケット孔が周方向に等間隔に形成されたころ軸受用保持器に関する。 The present invention relates to a roller bearing cage in which a plurality of pocket holes for accommodating tapered rollers or cylindrical rollers are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
　ラジアル荷重及びスラスト荷重を支持可能な軸受として、各種産業機械の駆動装置、歯車減速装置及び動力伝達装置等の回転支持部に円錐ころ軸受が広く使用されている。
　このような円錐ころ軸受は、内輪の円錐外面状軌道面の軸方向両側部に大径側の大鍔及び小径側の小鍔を設け、内輪の円錐外面状軌道面及び外輪の円錐内面状軌道面間に複数の円錐ころを配置するとともに、これらの円錐ころを周方向等間隔に保持するための円錐ころ軸受用保持器を備える。
　円錐ころ軸受用保持器として、冷間圧延鋼板又は熱間圧延鋼板等の鋼板製のプレス保持器が一般的に用いられる。 As a bearing capable of supporting a radial load and a thrust load, a tapered roller bearing is widely used in a rotation support portion of a drive device, a gear reduction device, a power transmission device and the like of various industrial machines.
Such a tapered roller bearing is provided with a large diameter large collar and a small diameter small collar on both sides in the axial direction of the conical outer surface raceway surface of the inner ring, and the conical outer surface raceway surface of the inner ring and the conical inner surface raceway of the outer ring. A plurality of tapered rollers are arranged between the surfaces, and a tapered roller bearing retainer for holding these tapered rollers at equal intervals in the circumferential direction is provided.
As a tapered roller bearing cage, a press cage made of a steel plate such as a cold rolled steel plate or a hot rolled steel plate is generally used.
　円錐ころ及び保持器を内輪に組み込む際には、内輪の小径側の小鍔と円錐ころとの干渉を避ける必要がある。そのため、保持器を、プレス加工により正規の形状・寸法に一旦成形した後、保持器の柱部の小径リング部側部分を押し拡げる底拡げ工程（底押し工程）を行い、この状態の保持器と円錐ころを内輪に組み付けた後に、保持器を加締めて正規形状に復元する加締め工程を行う必要がある（例えば、特許文献１の段落［０００４］参照）。 ¡When the tapered roller and cage are assembled in the inner ring, it is necessary to avoid interference between the small heel on the small diameter side of the inner ring and the tapered roller. Therefore, after the cage is once formed into a regular shape and dimensions by press working, a bottom expansion step (bottom pressing step) is performed to expand the small diameter ring side portion of the cage column, and the cage in this state After the tapered rollers are assembled to the inner ring, it is necessary to perform a caulking process for caulking the cage to restore the normal shape (see, for example, paragraph [0004] of Patent Document 1).
　また、転動体として円筒ころが組み込まれた円筒ころ軸受は、高速回転に適しているので、旋盤、フライス盤及びマシニングセンタ等の工作機械主軸等の回転支持部に、それぞれ広く使用されている。
　円筒ころ軸受用保持器として、円筒ころ（６，１３）のピッチ円直径より大径の中央環状部（１ａ，１４ａ）を含む柱部の両側に内径側に向けて円筒ころ（６，１３）のピッチ円直径と概ね同径の側方環状部（１ｂ，１４ｂ）を折曲成形してなる内輪案内方式の保持器がある（例えば、特許文献２参照）。 In addition, cylindrical roller bearings in which cylindrical rollers are incorporated as rolling elements are suitable for high-speed rotation, and are therefore widely used in rotation support portions of machine tool spindles such as lathes, milling machines, and machining centers.
As a cylindrical roller bearing retainer, cylindrical rollers (6, 13) are directed toward the inner diameter side on both sides of a column portion including a central annular portion (1a, 14a) having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter of the cylindrical rollers (6, 13). There is an inner ring guide type cage formed by bending a side annular portion (1b, 14b) having substantially the same diameter as the pitch circle diameter (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
　この内輪案内方式の保持器では、柱部の中央環状部（１ａ，１４ａ）に、円筒ころ（６，１３）の直径より小さな距離を隔てて互いに対向するころ抜け止め（２，２，…、又は１５，１５，…）を突設している。そして、ポケット（３，１６）内で周方向に対向するころ抜け止め（２，２、又は１５，１５）を弾性変形させながら、円筒ころ（６，１３）を径方向外方から組み込むようにしている。 In this inner ring guide type retainer, the central annular portion (1a, 14a) of the column portion is provided with roller stoppers (2, 2,... Facing each other at a distance smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical rollers (6, 13). Or 15, 15, ...). The cylindrical rollers (6, 13) are incorporated from the outside in the radial direction while elastically deforming the roller stoppers (2, 2, or 15, 15) opposed in the circumferential direction in the pockets (3, 16). ing.
特開２０００－２６６０６３号公報JP 2000-266063 A 実公平３－２７３３号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-2733
　特許文献１及び２のようなころ軸受用保持器では、ポケット孔の径方向外方からのころの挿入がし難く、ころ軸受の組立作業性が悪いという問題点がある。
　その上、特許文献２の円筒ころ軸受用保持器では、ピッチ円直径より大径の中央環状部まで段押し加工した柱部の中央にころ抜け止めを形成するので、対向するころ抜け止めの間隔のばらつきが大きくなる。それにより、内輪に組み付けた円筒ころに外接する円の直径のばらつきが大きくなる。よって、特許文献２の第４図及び第８図のような、内輪、円筒ころ及び保持器を一体にした円筒ころ軸受の中間組立品に対して、外輪を組み付け難いという問題点がある。
　その上さらに、ころ軸受の内輪に転動体であるころを組み付けた状態では、ころを取り出すことが困難であるので、ころ軸受のメンテナンス性が悪いという問題点がある。 In the roller bearing cages as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is difficult to insert the roller from the radially outer side of the pocket hole, and there is a problem that the assembling workability of the roller bearing is poor.
In addition, in the cylindrical roller bearing retainer of Patent Document 2, a roller retaining member is formed at the center of the column portion stepped to the central annular portion having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter. The variation of the is increased. Thereby, the variation in the diameter of the circle circumscribing the cylindrical roller assembled to the inner ring increases. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to assemble the outer ring to the intermediate assembly of the cylindrical roller bearing in which the inner ring, the cylindrical roller and the cage are integrated as shown in FIGS.
In addition, in a state where the roller, which is a rolling element, is assembled to the inner ring of the roller bearing, it is difficult to take out the roller, so that there is a problem that the maintainability of the roller bearing is poor.
　特許文献１のような円錐ころ軸受用保持器では、円錐ころ及び保持器を円錐ころ軸受の内輪に組み込むために、保持器を所定の寸法に成形した後に、保持器の柱部を底拡げ及び加締めにより、２回にわたって塑性変形させる必要がある。
　よって、調整に工数が掛かる上に保持器の精度、強度に悪影響を及ぼすおそれがある。
　特に大型の円錐ころ軸受においては、底拡げや加締め加工の金型が大型化するとともに、加工に必要なプレス機械も大型のものが必要となるので、製造コストが増大する。 In the tapered roller bearing cage as in Patent Document 1, in order to incorporate the tapered roller and the cage into the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing, after the cage is molded to a predetermined size, the pillar portion of the cage is expanded to the bottom and It is necessary to plastically deform twice by caulking.
Therefore, it takes time for adjustment and may adversely affect the accuracy and strength of the cage.
In particular, in a large tapered roller bearing, a die for expanding the bottom and caulking is enlarged, and a press machine necessary for the machining is also required, so that a manufacturing cost increases.
　特許文献２のような内輪案内方式の保持器を円錐ころ軸受に応用して円錐ころ軸受用保持器とする場合、円錐ころを保持器と内輪で案内することになる。したがって、円錐ころ軸受用保持器におけるポケット孔の形成を打抜き加工により行おうとした場合、パンチ及びダイを用いてポケット孔を打ち抜く方向がカップ状の保持器の側面に対して直交しない。
　よって、円錐ころ軸受用保持器のポケット孔を打抜き加工により形成するのは困難であるので、製造コストが増大する。 When an inner ring guide type cage as in Patent Document 2 is applied to a tapered roller bearing to form a tapered roller bearing cage, the tapered roller is guided by the cage and the inner ring. Therefore, when the pocket hole is formed in the tapered roller bearing cage by punching, the direction of punching the pocket hole using the punch and die is not orthogonal to the side surface of the cup-shaped cage.
Therefore, it is difficult to form the pocket hole of the tapered roller bearing retainer by punching, which increases the manufacturing cost.
　特許文献２のような内輪案内方式の保持器を円錐ころ軸受に応用した円錐ころ軸受用保持器、及び特許文献２のような円筒ころ軸受用保持器において、保持器の柱部がピッチ円直径より大径の中央環状部を含むことから、柱部がころのピッチ円直径を跨ぐことになる。
　よって、ころ軸受用保持器の柱部が細くなるので、強度面から問題になるおそれや成形不能となるおそれがある。
　その上さらに、柱部の中央環状部に突設したころ抜け止めにより、ころの抜け止めを行う場合、段押し加工や打抜き加工時の変形によって、ころ抜け止め間の寸法がばらつき易く、特に大型のころ軸受においては、ポケット孔の径方向外方からのころの挿入が困難になるおそれがある。 In a tapered roller bearing cage in which an inner ring guide type cage as in Patent Document 2 is applied to a tapered roller bearing, and in a cylindrical roller bearing cage as in Patent Document 2, the column portion of the cage has a pitch circle diameter. Since the central annular portion having a larger diameter is included, the column portion straddles the pitch circle diameter of the roller.
Therefore, since the pillar part of the roller bearing retainer becomes thin, there is a possibility that it may become a problem from the viewpoint of strength or may not be molded.
In addition, when the rollers are prevented from coming off by protruding the center annular portion of the pillar, the dimensions between the retaining rollers are likely to vary due to deformation during stepping or punching, especially large size. In such a roller bearing, it may be difficult to insert the roller from the outside in the radial direction of the pocket hole.
　そこで本発明が前述の状況に鑑み、解決しようとするところは、ころ軸受の組立作業性及びンテンス性が良く、柱部が細くなって強度面等の問題が生じることがなく、円錐ころ軸受用保持器である場合には、調整に工数が掛かるとともに保持器の精度に悪影響を及ぼすおそれがある底拡げや加締め加工を不要にできる、ころ軸受用保持器を提供する点にある。 Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned situation, the present invention intends to solve the problem that the roller bearing is easy to assemble and maintain, the column portion is thinned, and there is no problem of strength and the like. In the case of a cage, it is an object to provide a roller bearing cage that requires time for adjustment and can eliminate the need for expanding the bottom and caulking, which may adversely affect the accuracy of the cage.
　本発明に係るころ軸受用保持器は、前記課題解決のために、ころ軸受の転動体であるころを所定間隔に案内して回転自在に保持する、前記ころを収容する複数のポケット孔が周方向に等間隔に形成されたころ軸受用保持器であって、
　軸方向に離間した一対のリング部を複数の柱部により繋いだ形状を成し、
　隣り合う前記ポケット孔の間に位置する前記柱部が、
　　前記ころのピッチ円直径よりも外径側で前記柱部の軸方向中央に位置し、前記ころを案内する中央案内部、
　　並びに、
　　前記中央案内部に繋がり、前記中央案内部よりもさらに外径側で前記リング部に繋がる、一対の端部からなり、
　前記柱部の一対の端部に、
　　一つの前記ポケット孔において、その対角に、抜止め突部を一つずつ設けてなることを特徴とする（請求項１）。 In order to solve the above problems, the roller bearing retainer according to the present invention is provided with a plurality of pocket holes that accommodate the rollers that guide and rotate the rollers that are rolling elements of the roller bearings at predetermined intervals. A roller bearing retainer formed at equal intervals in the direction,
A pair of ring parts spaced apart in the axial direction are connected by a plurality of column parts,
The pillar portion located between the adjacent pocket holes is
A central guide portion that is positioned in the axial center of the column portion on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter of the rollers and guides the rollers;
And
Consists of a pair of end parts connected to the central guide part, connected to the ring part on the outer diameter side further than the central guide part,
At a pair of end portions of the pillar portion,
One of the pocket holes is provided with one retaining protrusion at a diagonal thereof (Claim 1).
　ここで、前記ポケット孔の前記抜止め突部を設けた対角に軸方向逃がし部を設けるとともに、
　前記ポケット孔の前記抜止め突部を設けない対角に周方向逃がし部を設けてなるのが好ましい実施態様である（請求項２）。 Here, while providing an axial relief portion on the diagonal provided with the retaining projection of the pocket hole,
In a preferred embodiment, the pocket hole is provided with a circumferential relief portion on a diagonal side where the retaining protrusion is not provided (Claim 2).
　これらのような構成によれば、対角に位置する抜止め突部を避けるようにころを傾けながらポケット孔の径方向外方から挿入して、内輪にころを容易に組み付けることができるので、ころ軸受の組立作業性を向上できる。
　その上、内輪にころを組み付けた状態でも、外輪を外せば、対角に位置する抜止め突部を避けるようにころを傾けて取り出すことができるので、ころ軸受の分解及びメンテナンスが容易になる。 According to such a configuration, the roller can be easily assembled to the inner ring by inserting it from the outside in the radial direction of the pocket hole while tilting the roller so as to avoid the retaining protrusion located diagonally. The assembly workability of the roller bearing can be improved.
In addition, even when the rollers are assembled to the inner ring, if the outer ring is removed, the rollers can be tilted and taken out so as to avoid the locking protrusions located diagonally, making it easy to disassemble and maintain the roller bearing. .
　その上さらに、柱部を構成する、中央案内部、及び一対の端部が、ころのピッチ円直径よりも外径側に位置することから、柱部が細くならないので、強度面から問題になるおそれや成形不能となるおそれがない。
　その上、柱部が、中央案内部、及び中央案内部よりもさらに外径側の一対の端部からなることから、このような柱部の段付き形状により、通常形状の保持器と比較してころとの接触面積が小さくなる。
　よって、潤滑油が通りやすく潤滑性がアップするので、低トルク化を図ることができる。 In addition, since the central guide portion and the pair of end portions constituting the column portion are located on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter of the rollers, the column portion does not become thin, which causes a problem in terms of strength. There is no fear of being moldable.
In addition, since the column part is composed of a center guide part and a pair of ends on the outer diameter side of the center guide part, such a stepped shape of the column part is compared with a cage having a normal shape. The contact area with the roller is reduced.
Therefore, the lubricating oil is easy to pass and the lubricity is improved, so that the torque can be reduced.
　その上さらに、円錐ころ軸受用保持器である場合に、底拡げ工程及び加締め工程が不要であるとともに調整に工数が掛からないので、製造コストを低減でき、保持器の精度を高くすることが容易であるとともに精度のばらつきを小さくできる。
　その上、特に大型の円錐ころ軸受用の大型の保持器である場合に、底拡げや加締め加工用の大型の金型やプレス加工機械が不要になるので、製造コストをより一層低減できる。
　その上さらに、底拡げによる窓長さの変化が無いので、軸方向隙間を詰めて適正な隙間にすることができる。 Furthermore, in the case of a tapered roller bearing retainer, the bottom expansion process and the caulking process are not necessary, and the adjustment does not take man-hours. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the accuracy of the retainer can be increased. It is easy and variation in accuracy can be reduced.
In addition, particularly in the case of a large cage for a large tapered roller bearing, a large mold or press working machine for expanding the bottom or caulking is not required, so that the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.
In addition, since there is no change in the window length due to the expansion of the bottom, it is possible to close the axial gap to make an appropriate gap.
　また、隣り合う前記柱部の前記中央案内部の間隔を前記ころの対応する直径よりも大きく設定してなるのが好ましい実施態様である（請求項３）。
　このような構成によれば、隣り合う柱部の中央案内部の間隔がころの対応する直径よりも大きいことから、ポケット孔の径方向外方からころを挿入する際に中央案内部により挿入抵抗が増大することがない。
　よって、特に大型のころ軸受用の大型の保持器である場合であっても、ポケット孔の径方向外方からころを容易に挿入できる。 In a preferred embodiment, the interval between the central guide portions of the adjacent column portions is set larger than the corresponding diameter of the rollers (Claim 3).
According to such a configuration, since the interval between the central guide portions of the adjacent column portions is larger than the corresponding diameter of the rollers, the insertion resistance is increased by the central guide portion when inserting the rollers from the radially outer side of the pocket holes. Does not increase.
Therefore, even in the case of a large cage for a particularly large roller bearing, the roller can be easily inserted from the radially outer side of the pocket hole.
　また、前記柱部の前記中央案内部に、
　　前記ポケット孔を打抜き加工したときに発生するせん断面である、前記ころの側面に接触する接触面、又は、
　　前記せん断面を押圧加工してなる、前記ころの側面に接触する接触面
を形成してなるのが一層好ましい実施態様である（請求項４）。
　このような構成によれば、ころの側面に接触する、柱部の中央案内部の接触面が、平滑な面であるせん断面、又はせん断面のエッジ部で接触しないように押圧加工した押圧加工面であるので、ころの安定性を向上できる。 Also, in the central guide part of the pillar part,
A contact surface that contacts a side surface of the roller, which is a shear surface generated when the pocket hole is punched, or
In a more preferred embodiment, a contact surface that is formed by pressing the shear surface and contacts the side surface of the roller is formed.
According to such a configuration, the pressing process is performed such that the contact surface of the central guide portion of the column portion that contacts the side surface of the roller does not contact the smooth surface or the edge portion of the shear surface. Since it is a surface, the stability of the roller can be improved.
　以上のように、本発明に係るころ軸受用保持器によれば、主に以下に示すような効果を奏する。
（１）対角に位置する抜止め突部を避けるようにころを傾けながらポケット孔の径方向外方から挿入して、内輪にころを容易に組み付けることができるので、ころ軸受の組立作業性を向上できる。
（２）内輪にころを組み付けた状態でも、外輪を外せば、対角に位置する抜止め突部を避けるようにころを傾けて取り出すことができるので、ころ軸受の分解及びメンテナンスが容易になる。
（３）柱部がころのピッチ円直径よりも外径側に位置することから、柱部が細くならないので、強度面から問題になるおそれや成形不能となるおそれがない。
（４）柱部が、中央案内部及び一対の端部からなる段付き形状であることから、通常形状の保持器と比較してころとの接触面積が小さくなり、潤滑油が通りやすく潤滑性がアップするので、低トルク化を図ることができる。
（５）円錐ころ軸受用保持器である場合に、底拡げ工程及び加締め工程が不要であるとともに調整に工数が掛からないので、製造コストを低減でき、保持器の精度を高くすることが容易であるとともに精度のばらつきを小さくできる。
（６）特に大型の円錐ころ軸受用の大型の保持器である場合に、底拡げや加締め加工用の大型の金型やプレス加工機械が不要になるので、製造コストをより一層低減できる。
（７）円錐ころ軸受用保持器である場合に、底拡げによる窓長さの変化が無いので、軸方向隙間を詰めて適正な隙間にすることができる。 As described above, according to the roller bearing retainer according to the present invention, the following effects are mainly achieved.
(1) Roller bearings can be assembled easily by inserting them from the outside of the pocket hole in the radial direction while tilting the rollers so as to avoid the locking protrusions located diagonally. Can be improved.
(2) Even when the roller is assembled to the inner ring, if the outer ring is removed, the roller can be tilted and taken out so as to avoid the locking protrusion located diagonally, so that the roller bearing can be easily disassembled and maintained. .
(3) Since the column portion is located on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter of the roller, the column portion is not thinned, so there is no possibility of becoming a problem from the viewpoint of strength or inability to form.
(4) Since the pillar part has a stepped shape consisting of a central guide part and a pair of end parts, the contact area with the roller is smaller compared to a normal-shaped cage, and lubricating oil is easy to pass through. Therefore, the torque can be reduced.
(5) In the case of a cage for tapered roller bearings, the bottom expansion process and the caulking process are not required and the adjustment does not take man-hours. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the accuracy of the cage can be easily increased. And variation in accuracy can be reduced.
(6) In particular, in the case of a large cage for a large tapered roller bearing, a large mold or press working machine for expanding the bottom or caulking is not required, so that the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.
(7) In the case of the tapered roller bearing retainer, there is no change in the window length due to the expansion of the bottom, so that the axial clearance can be reduced to an appropriate clearance.
本発明の実施の形態１に係るころ軸受用保持器の斜視図であり、円錐ころ軸受用保持器を示している。It is a perspective view of the cage for roller bearings concerning Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and shows the cage for tapered roller bearings. 前記保持器により円錐ころを保持して内輪に組み付けた状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which hold | maintained the tapered roller with the said holder | retainer, and was assembled | attached to the inner ring | wheel. ３個の円錐ころを内輪に組み付けた状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which assembled | attached three tapered rollers to the inner ring | wheel. 図３の状態で内輪を省略して前記保持器及び円錐ころのみを示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which abbreviate | omitted the inner ring | wheel in the state of FIG. 3, and showed only the said holder | retainer and the tapered roller. 内輪に円錐ころを組み付ける方法を示す要部拡大部分縦断面正面図である。It is a principal part expanded partial longitudinal cross-section front view which shows the method of assembling a tapered roller to an inner ring. 図２の内輪並びに円錐ころ及び前記保持器のセットを外輪に組み付けた状態を示す要部拡大部分縦断面正面図である。It is a principal part expansion partial longitudinal cross-section front view which shows the state which assembled | attached the inner ring | wheel of FIG. 2, the tapered roller, and the said holder | retainer to the outer ring | wheel. 保持器のポケット孔に円錐ころを傾けながら挿入している途中の状態を示す要部拡大正面図である。It is a principal part enlarged front view which shows the state in the middle of inserting while inserting a tapered roller in the pocket hole of a holder | retainer. 保持器のポケット孔に円錐ころの挿入が完了した状態を示す要部拡大正面図である。It is a principal part enlarged front view which shows the state which insertion of the tapered roller completed to the pocket hole of the holder | retainer. 円錐ころの挿入方向から見たポケット孔の概略図であり、ポケット孔まわりの諸元を示している。It is the schematic of the pocket hole seen from the insertion direction of the tapered roller, and shows the specifications around the pocket hole. 挿入解析における保持器の応力コンター図である。It is a stress contour figure of a cage in insertion analysis. 図２の状態から１個の円錐ころを取り出した状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which took out one tapered roller from the state of FIG. 前記保持器と円錐ころの関係を示す要部拡大斜視図である。It is a principal part expansion perspective view which shows the relationship between the said holder | retainer and a tapered roller. 同じく要部拡大正面図である。It is a principal part enlarged front view similarly. 同じく要部拡大部分縦断面正面図である。It is a principal part enlarged partial longitudinal cross-section front view similarly. 柱部を大径側端部の抜止め突部の位置で切断した要部拡大横断面平面図である。It is a principal part expanded cross-sectional top view which cut | disconnected the pillar part in the position of the securing protrusion of a large diameter side edge part. 柱部を中央案内部の位置で切断した要部拡大横断面平面図である。It is the principal part expanded cross-sectional top view which cut | disconnected the pillar part in the position of the center guide part. ポケット孔を打抜き加工したときに発生するせん断面を円錐ころの側面に接触する接触面にする場合を示す、柱部の中央案内部の要部拡大水平切断面端面図である。It is a principal part expansion horizontal cut surface end elevation of the center guide part of a pillar part, showing the case where the shearing surface generated when punching a pocket hole is a contact surface that contacts the side surface of the tapered roller. 図１５Ａをさらに拡大して示す拡大図である。It is an enlarged view which expands and shows FIG. 15A further. ポケット孔を打抜き加工したときに発生するせん断面を押圧加工して円錐ころの側面に接触する接触面にする場合を示す、柱部の中央案内部の要部拡大水平切断面端面図である。It is a principal part expansion horizontal cut surface end elevation of the center guide part of a pillar part which shows the case where the shearing surface generated when punching a pocket hole is pressed into a contact surface that contacts the side surface of the tapered roller. 図１６Ａをさらに拡大して示す拡大図である。It is an enlarged view which expands and shows FIG. 16A further. 本発明の実施の形態２に係るころ軸受用保持器の斜視図であり、円筒ころ軸受用保持器を示している。It is a perspective view of the roller bearing retainer which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention, and has shown the cylindrical roller bearing retainer. ４個の円筒ころを内輪に組み付けた状態で内輪を省略して前記保持器及び円筒ころのみを示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which abbreviate | omitted the inner ring | wheel in the state which assembled | attached the four cylindrical rollers to the inner ring | wheel, and showed only the said holder | retainer and the cylindrical roller. 内輪に円筒ころを組み付ける方法を示す要部拡大部分縦断面正面図である。It is a principal part expanded partial longitudinal cross-section front view which shows the method of assembling a cylindrical roller to an inner ring. 図１９のように組み付けた内輪並びに円筒ころ及び前記保持器のセットに対して外輪を組み付けた状態を示す要部拡大部分縦断面正面図である。It is a principal part expanded partial longitudinal cross-sectional front view which shows the state which assembled | attached the outer ring with respect to the set of the inner ring | wheel and cylindrical roller which were assembled | attached like FIG. 19, and the said holder | retainer. 保持器のポケット孔に円筒ころを傾けながら挿入している途中の状態を示す要部拡大正面図である。It is a principal part enlarged front view which shows the state in the middle of inserting while inserting a cylindrical roller in the pocket hole of a holder | retainer. 保持器のポケット孔に円筒ころの挿入が完了した状態を示す要部拡大正面図である。It is a principal part enlarged front view which shows the state which insertion of the cylindrical roller was completed in the pocket hole of a holder | retainer. 円筒ころの挿入方向から見たポケット孔の概略図であり、ポケット孔まわりの諸元を示している。It is the schematic of the pocket hole seen from the insertion direction of a cylindrical roller, and has shown the specifications around a pocket hole.
　以下、本発明に係る実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
　以下の実施形態において、ころ軸受の軸方向、径方向、及び周方向を、「軸方向」、「径方向」、及び「周方向」という。 Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In the following embodiments, the axial direction, radial direction, and circumferential direction of the roller bearing are referred to as “axial direction”, “radial direction”, and “circumferential direction”.
［実施の形態１］
＜円錐ころ軸受＞
　図１の斜視図に示す本発明の実施の形態１に係るころ軸受用保持器は、円錐ころ軸受用保持器１Ａである。円錐ころ軸受用保持器１Ａは、図６の要部拡大部分縦断面正面図に示す円錐ころ軸受１０Ａに用いる。
　円錐ころ軸受１０Ａは、内輪１１及び外輪１２、並びに、転動体である複数の円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ，…を備える。
　内輪１１は、円錐外面状軌道面１１Ａを有し、大径側端部に大鍔１３を有するとともに小径側端部に小鍔１４を有する。
　外輪１２は、円錐内面状軌道面１２Ａを有する。
　円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ，…は、円錐外面状軌道面１１Ａ及び円錐内面状軌道面１２Ａ間を転動する。 [Embodiment 1]
<Conical roller bearing>
The roller bearing retainer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention shown in the perspective view of FIG. 1 is a tapered roller bearing retainer 1A. The tapered roller bearing retainer 1A is used in a tapered roller bearing 10A shown in the front view of the enlarged main part of the main portion in FIG.
The tapered roller bearing 10A includes an inner ring 11 and an outer ring 12, and a plurality of tapered rollers 15A, 15A,.
The inner ring 11 has a conical outer surface-like raceway surface 11A, a large flange 13 at a large diameter side end portion, and a small flange 14 at a small diameter side end portion.
The outer ring 12 has a conical inner surface raceway surface 12A.
The tapered rollers 15A, 15A, ... roll between the conical outer surface raceway surface 11A and the conical inner surface raceway surface 12A.
＜円錐ころ軸受用保持器＞
　図１及び図２の斜視図に示すように、円錐ころ軸受用保持器１Ａは、軸方向に離間した一対の大径リング部２及び小径リング部３を複数の柱部４，４，…により繋いだ形状を成し、円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ，…を収容する複数のポケット孔Ｐ，Ｐ，…が周方向に等間隔に形成される。
　図１の斜視図、及び図５の要部拡大部分縦断面正面図に示すように、隣り合うポケット孔Ｐ，Ｐの間に位置する柱部４は、中央案内部５、並びに、リング部２，３に繋がる一対の端部である、大径側端部６、及び小径側端部７からなる。
　中央案内部５は、柱部４の軸方向中央に位置して円錐ころ１５Ａを案内する。
　大径側端部６は、傾斜部８により中央案内部５の上部に繋がり、中央案内部５よりも外径側で大径リング部２に繋がる。
　小径側端部７は、傾斜部９により中央案内部５の下部に繋がり、中央案内部５よりも外径側で小径リング部３に繋がる。 <Retainer for tapered roller bearing>
As shown in the perspective views of FIGS. 1 and 2, the tapered roller bearing retainer 1A includes a pair of large-diameter ring portions 2 and small-diameter ring portions 3 that are separated in the axial direction by a plurality of column portions 4, 4,. A plurality of pocket holes P, P,... That form a connected shape and accommodate the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,.
As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 1 and the main part enlarged partial longitudinal sectional front view of FIG. 5, the column part 4 positioned between the adjacent pocket holes P, P includes the central guide part 5 and the ring part 2. , 3, which are a pair of end portions, which are a large diameter side end portion 6 and a small diameter side end portion 7.
The central guide portion 5 is positioned at the center of the column portion 4 in the axial direction and guides the tapered roller 15A.
The large diameter side end portion 6 is connected to the upper portion of the central guide portion 5 by the inclined portion 8, and is connected to the large diameter ring portion 2 on the outer diameter side of the central guide portion 5.
The small diameter side end portion 7 is connected to the lower portion of the central guide portion 5 by the inclined portion 9, and is connected to the small diameter ring portion 3 on the outer diameter side of the central guide portion 5.
　柱部４の大径側端部６、及び柱部４の小径側端部７には、一つのポケット孔Ｐにおいて、その対角に、抜止め突部６Ａ及び抜止め突部７Ａを一つずつ設ける。
　また、ポケット孔Ｐを、後述するように、ポケット孔Ｐの径方向外方から円錐ころ１５Ａを挿入して内輪１１に組み付ける際に、対角に位置する一対の抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを避けるように円錐ころ１５Ａを傾けながら挿入できる形状とする。
　すなわち、図７Ａ及び図７Ｂの要部拡大正面図に示すように、例えば、ポケット孔Ｐの抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを設けた対角に軸方向逃がし部６Ｂ，７Ｂを設けるとともに、ポケット孔Ｐの抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを設けない対角に周方向逃がし部６Ｃ，７Ｃを設けている。 The large-diameter side end 6 of the column part 4 and the small-diameter side end part 7 of the column part 4 have one retaining protrusion 6A and one retaining protrusion 7A at the opposite corner in one pocket hole P. Provide one by one.
Further, when the pocket hole P is inserted into the inner ring 11 by inserting the tapered roller 15A from the radially outer side of the pocket hole P, as will be described later, a pair of retaining protrusions 6A, 7A positioned diagonally are provided. In order to avoid this, the tapered roller 15A is shaped so as to be inserted while being inclined.
That is, as shown in the enlarged front view of the main part of FIGS. 7A and 7B, for example, the axial relief portions 6B and 7B are provided on the diagonal provided with the retaining protrusions 6A and 7A of the pocket hole P, and the pocket holes Circumferential relief portions 6C and 7C are provided diagonally on which the P retaining projections 6A and 7A are not provided.
　よって、図５の要部拡大部分縦断面正面図に示すようにポケット孔Ｐの径方向外方から円錐ころ１５Ａを挿入して内輪１１に組み付ける際に、図７Ａの要部拡大正面図に示す挿入途中の状態のように、対角に位置する一対の抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを避けるように円錐ころ１５Ａを傾けながら（挿入時に円錐ころ１５Ａが許容される、ポケット孔Ｐを正面から見たときの法線まわりの傾きの角度α参照）、ポケット孔Ｐに挿入できる。
　そして、図７Ｂの要部拡大部分縦断面正面図に示すポケット孔Ｐへの円錐ころ１５Ａの挿入が完了した状態（図６の要部拡大部分縦断面正面図のように内輪１１に円錐ころ１５Ａを組み付けた状態）では、内輪１１の円錐外面状軌道面１１Ａに円錐ころ１５Ａの側面が当接し、抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを避けるように傾けながら挿入した円錐ころ１５Ａの傾きが修正され、抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａにより円錐ころ１５Ａが抜け止めされる。
　ここで、抜け止め部６Ａ，７Ａは、保持器１Ａの半径方向の動きを制御する機能も有する。 Therefore, when the tapered roller 15A is inserted from the radially outer side of the pocket hole P and assembled to the inner ring 11 as shown in the main part enlarged partial longitudinal sectional front view of FIG. 5, the main part enlarged front view of FIG. While inclining the tapered roller 15A so as to avoid the pair of retaining protrusions 6A and 7A located diagonally as in the middle of insertion (see the pocket hole P from the front where the tapered roller 15A is allowed during insertion). The angle of inclination around the normal line at the time (see α)), and can be inserted into the pocket hole P.
And the state which insertion of the tapered roller 15A to the pocket hole P shown in the principal part expanded partial longitudinal cross-sectional front view of FIG. 7B was completed (As shown in the principal part enlarged partial vertical cross-sectional front view of FIG. In the assembled state), the side surface of the tapered roller 15A comes into contact with the conical outer surface raceway surface 11A of the inner ring 11, and the inclination of the tapered roller 15A inserted while tilting so as to avoid the retaining projections 6A and 7A is corrected. The tapered rollers 15A are prevented from coming off by the retaining projections 6A and 7A.
Here, the retaining portions 6A and 7A also have a function of controlling the movement of the cage 1A in the radial direction.
　次に、図８の円錐ころの挿入方向から見たポケット孔の概略図に示す諸元により、ポケット孔Ｐまわりの寸法について説明する。ここで、円錐ころ１５Ａの寸法を、長さをＲＬ、大径側半径をＲ１、小径側半径をＲ２とする。 Next, dimensions around the pocket hole P will be described with reference to the specifications shown in the schematic view of the pocket hole as seen from the insertion direction of the tapered roller in FIG. Here, the length of the tapered roller 15A is RL, the large-diameter radius is R1, and the small-diameter radius is R2.
（１）窓高さＬは、円錐ころ１５Ａの長さＲＬよりも若干大きく、要求仕様に応じて設定する。
（２）ころ案内部の窓幅は、対応する円錐ころ１５Ａの半径よりも０．５～３．５％大きく設定する。例えば、ポケット孔Ｐの高さ方向中央の窓幅Ｗは、（Ｒ１＋Ｒ２）／２よりも０．５～３．５％大きく設定する。
（３）軸方向逃がし量Ｌ１、Ｌ２は、内輪１１の溝長さとの関係で円錐ころ１５Ａの長さＲＬの１～５％に設定する。
（４）大径側ころ抜止め部長さＬ３、及び小径側ころ抜止め部長さＬ４は、円錐ころ１５Ａが抜けないように、円錐ころ１５Ａの長さＲＬの５％以上とする。
（５）大径側ころ抜止め部窓幅は、対応する円錐ころ１５Ａの半径よりも２～１０％小さくなるように設定する。例えば、窓高さＬの上端に対応する位置におけるポケット孔Ｐの窓幅Ｗ１は、円錐ころ１５Ａの大径側半径Ｒ１よりも２～１０％小さくなるように設定する。
（６）小径側ころ抜止め部窓幅は、対応する円錐ころ１５Ａの半径よりも２～１０％小さくなるように設定する。例えば、窓高さＬの下端に対応する位置におけるポケット孔Ｐの窓幅Ｗ２は、円錐ころ１５Ａの小径側半径Ｒ２よりも２～１０％小さくなるように設定する。
（７）大径側ころ非抜止め部窓幅Ｗ３は、ポケット孔Ｐに円錐ころ１５Ａを挿入する工程で抜止め突部６Ａとの間で締め代を持たないように設定する。
（８）小径側ころ非抜止め部窓幅Ｗ４は、ポケット孔Ｐに円錐ころ１５Ａを挿入する工程で抜止め突部７Ａとの間で締め代を持たないように設定する。
　以上のように円錐ころ軸受用保持器１Ａのポケット孔Ｐまわりの寸法を設定することにより、円錐ころ軸受用保持器１Ａの強度を確保でき、円錐ころ１５Ａの傾きを最小限にできるとともに、円錐ころ１５Ａ挿入時の応力を降伏応力以下にすることができる。 (1) The window height L is slightly larger than the length RL of the tapered roller 15A, and is set according to the required specifications.
(2) The window width of the roller guide portion is set to be 0.5 to 3.5% larger than the radius of the corresponding tapered roller 15A. For example, the window width W at the center in the height direction of the pocket hole P is set to be 0.5 to 3.5% larger than (R1 + R2) / 2.
(3) The axial relief amounts L1 and L2 are set to 1 to 5% of the length RL of the tapered roller 15A in relation to the groove length of the inner ring 11.
(4) The large-diameter side roller retaining portion length L3 and the small-diameter side roller retaining portion length L4 are 5% or more of the length RL of the tapered roller 15A so that the tapered roller 15A does not come off.
(5) The large-diameter roller retaining portion window width is set to be 2 to 10% smaller than the radius of the corresponding tapered roller 15A. For example, the window width W1 of the pocket hole P at the position corresponding to the upper end of the window height L is set to be 2 to 10% smaller than the large-diameter side radius R1 of the tapered roller 15A.
(6) The small-diameter side roller retaining portion window width is set to be 2 to 10% smaller than the radius of the corresponding tapered roller 15A. For example, the window width W2 of the pocket hole P at the position corresponding to the lower end of the window height L is set to be 2 to 10% smaller than the small diameter side radius R2 of the tapered roller 15A.
(7) The large-diameter-side roller non-preventing portion window width W3 is set so as not to have a tightening margin with the retaining protrusion 6A in the step of inserting the tapered roller 15A into the pocket hole P.
(8) The small diameter side roller non-retained portion window width W4 is set so as not to have a tightening margin with respect to the retained protrusion 7A in the process of inserting the tapered roller 15A into the pocket hole P.
By setting the dimensions around the pocket hole P of the tapered roller bearing retainer 1A as described above, the strength of the tapered roller bearing retainer 1A can be secured, the inclination of the tapered roller 15A can be minimized, and the cone The stress when the roller 15A is inserted can be made lower than the yield stress.
＜挿入解析＞
　次に、円錐ころ軸受用保持器のポケット孔に円錐ころを挿入する際に、前記保持器の降伏応力以内で挿入可能であることを確認するために行った挿入解析について説明する。 <Insertion analysis>
Next, the insertion analysis performed to confirm that the tapered roller can be inserted within the yield stress of the cage when the tapered roller is inserted into the pocket hole of the tapered roller bearing cage will be described.
（形状モデル）
（１）円錐ころ軸受用保持器
　３Ｄ要素でモデリングした。
（２）円錐ころ
　剛体として定義した。
（３）円錐ころの寸法
　長さをＲＬ、大径側半径をＲ１、小径側半径をＲ２とした。
（４）ポケット孔の寸法（図８の諸元）
・窓高さＬ＝ＲＬ×１．０２
・ころ案内部の窓幅は、対応する円錐ころの半径よりも０．９％大きい。例えば、ポケット孔Ｐの高さ方向中央の窓幅Ｗ＝（Ｒ１＋Ｒ２）／２×（１＋０．００９）
・軸方向逃がし量Ｌ１，Ｌ２＝ＲＬ×０．０２５
・大径側ころ抜止め部長さＬ３＝ＲＬ×０．１２５
・小径側ころ抜止め部長さＬ４＝ＲＬ×０．１２５
・大径側ころ抜止め部窓幅Ｗ１＝Ｒ１×（１－０．０４）
・小径側ころ抜止め部窓幅Ｗ２＝Ｒ２×（１－０．０４）
・大径側ころ非抜止め部窓幅Ｗ３＝ｃｏｓ（α）×（２×Ｒ１）－Ｗ１
・小径側ころ非抜止め部窓幅Ｗ４＝ｃｏｓ（α）×（２×Ｒ２）－Ｗ２
　ここで、αは、挿入時に円錐ころが許容される、ポケット孔Ｐを正面から見たときの法線まわりの傾きの角度（図７Ａ参照）である。
　大径側角度：ａｔａｎ（Ｌ１／Ｗ１）と小径側角度：ａｔａｎ（Ｌ２／Ｗ２）を比較して、角度が小さい方をαとする。 (Shape model)
(1) Retainer for tapered roller bearing Modeled with 3D elements.
(2) Tapered roller Defined as a rigid body.
(3) Dimensions of tapered roller The length is RL, the large-diameter side radius is R1, and the small-diameter side radius is R2.
(4) Dimensions of pocket hole (Specifications in FIG. 8)
・ Window height L = RL × 1.02
-The window width of the roller guide is 0.9% larger than the radius of the corresponding tapered roller. For example, the window width W at the center of the pocket hole P in the height direction W = (R1 + R2) / 2 × (1 + 0.009)
・ Axial relief L1, L2 = RL × 0.025
・ Large side roller retaining part length L3 = RL × 0.125
・ Small diameter side roller retaining part length L4 = RL × 0.125
・ Large diameter roller retaining part Window width W1 = R1 × (1-0.04)
・ Small diameter side roller retaining part window width W2 = R2 × (1-0.04)
・ Large diameter side roller non-preventing part window width W3 = cos (α) × (2 × R1) −W1
・ Small diameter side roller non-prevention part window width W4 = cos (α) × (2 × R2) −W2
Here, α is an angle of inclination around the normal line when the pocket hole P is viewed from the front (see FIG. 7A), in which the tapered roller is allowed during insertion.
The larger diameter side angle: atan (L1 / W1) and the smaller diameter side angle: atan (L2 / W2) are compared, and the smaller angle is defined as α.
（材料モデル）
ＳＰＣＣ材とし、塑性域までを考慮した。 (Material model)
The SPCC material was considered up to the plastic range.
（条件）
（１）円錐ころは１個ずつ挿入するものとしてモデル化した。
（２）円錐ころの解析開始位置（挿入前）は、ポケット孔に、円錐ころが挿入された状態（円錐ころ軸受が完成した状態）の姿勢のままポケット孔を正面から見たときの法線方向に沿って外径側に保持器と干渉しないように移動させた位置とする。
（３）挿入前の状態から前記法線に沿って円錐ころをポケット孔に向かって移動させながらポケット孔に挿入する。
（４）このとき円錐ころは前記法線に対して回転自由である（傾けながら挿入できる）。 (conditions)
(1) The tapered rollers were modeled as being inserted one by one.
(2) The analysis start position (before insertion) of the tapered roller is the normal when the pocket hole is viewed from the front with the tapered roller inserted into the pocket hole (the tapered roller bearing is completed). The position is moved to the outside diameter side so as not to interfere with the cage along the direction.
(3) Insert the tapered roller into the pocket hole while moving the tapered roller toward the pocket hole along the normal from the state before insertion.
(4) At this time, the tapered roller is freely rotatable with respect to the normal line (can be inserted while being inclined).
（結果）
　図９の応力コンター図に示すように、円錐ころ軸受用保持器のポケット孔に円錐ころを挿入した際に前記保持器に発生する最大応力は、ポケット孔の隅Ｒ部ＣＲに発生し、その値は降伏応力の約５０％であり弾性範囲内であった。 (result)
As shown in the stress contour diagram of FIG. 9, the maximum stress generated in the cage when the tapered roller is inserted into the pocket hole of the tapered roller bearing cage is generated at the corner R portion CR of the pocket hole. The value was about 50% of the yield stress and was in the elastic range.
＜試験用保持器による挿入試験＞
　前記挿入解析と同じ寸法で試験用に製作した円錐ころ軸受用保持器において、ポケット孔の径方向外方から円錐ころを挿入して円錐ころ軸受の内輪に取り付ける作業を実際に行った。
　その結果、前記挿入解析と同様に、前記円錐ころ軸受用保持器は塑性変形していなかった。 <Insertion test using test cage>
In the tapered roller bearing cage manufactured for the test with the same dimensions as the insertion analysis, the operation of inserting the tapered roller from the radially outer side of the pocket hole and attaching it to the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing was actually performed.
As a result, similar to the insertion analysis, the tapered roller bearing retainer was not plastically deformed.
＜内輪への円錐ころの組付け作業＞
　図２の斜視図に示すように内輪１１に円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ，…を組み付ける際には、図３の斜視図、及び図３において内輪１１を省略して保持器１Ａ及び円錐ころ１５Ａ，…のみを表示した図４の斜視図に示すように、周方向に離間した適宜箇所、例えば周方向等分の３箇所の円錐ころ１５Ａ，…を保持器１ＡのポケットＰの径方向外方から挿入して内輪１１に取り付ける。それにより、保持器１Ａの位置を内輪１１に対して定めることができる。
　その状態で、図３に示す円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａの間のポケットＰ，Ｐ，…に対して円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ，…を径方向外方から挿入することにより、図２のように内輪１１に対して全ての円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ，…を組み付けることができる。 <Assembly work of tapered roller to inner ring>
As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 2, when the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,... Are assembled to the inner ring 11, the retainer 1A and the tapered rollers 15A,. As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 4 showing only the outer circumferential direction, for example, three tapered rollers 15A,... Equally spaced in the circumferential direction are inserted from the outside in the radial direction of the pocket P of the cage 1A. And attached to the inner ring 11. Thereby, the position of the cage 1 </ b> A can be determined with respect to the inner ring 11.
In this state, the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,... Are inserted into the pockets P, P,... Between the tapered rollers 15A, 15A shown in FIG. Can be assembled with all the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,.
　以上のような円錐ころ軸受用保持器１Ａの構成によれば、対角に位置する抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを避けるように円錐ころ１５Ａを傾けながらポケット孔Ｐの径方向外方から挿入して、内輪１１に円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ，…を容易に組み付けることができるので、底拡げや加締め加工をする必要がない。
　よって、底拡げ工程及び加締め工程が不要であるとともに調整に工数が掛からないので、製造コストを低減でき、保持器１Ａの精度を高くすることが容易であるとともに精度のばらつきを小さくできる。
　また、保持器１Ａが、特に大型の円錐ころ軸受用で大型である場合に、底拡げや加締め加工用の大型の金型やプレス加工機械が不要になるので、製造コストをより一層低減できる。
　さらに、底拡げによる窓長さの変化が無いので、軸方向隙間を詰めて適正な隙間にすることができる。 According to the configuration of the tapered roller bearing retainer 1A as described above, the tapered roller 15A is tilted so as to avoid the diagonally protruding retaining projections 6A and 7A, and inserted from the radially outer side of the pocket hole P. In addition, since the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,... Can be easily assembled to the inner ring 11, there is no need to expand the bottom or crimp.
Therefore, since the bottom expansion process and the caulking process are not required and the adjustment does not require man-hours, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, the accuracy of the cage 1A can be easily increased, and the variation in accuracy can be reduced.
In addition, when the cage 1A is large especially for a large tapered roller bearing, a large mold or press machine for expanding the bottom or caulking is not required, so that the manufacturing cost can be further reduced. .
Furthermore, since there is no change in the window length due to the expansion of the bottom, it is possible to close the axial gap to make an appropriate gap.
　さらにまた、柱部４を構成する、中央案内部５、並びに大径側端部６及び小径側端部７が、円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ，…のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤよりも外径側に位置する（前記ピッチ円直径ＰＣＤを跨がない）。特に中央案内部５，５，…が円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ，…のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤよりも外径側に位置しているので、円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ間の隙間がピッチ円直径ＰＣＤ上よりも広くなる。
　よって、柱部４の幅（周方向長さ）を比較的大きく確保できることから、柱部４が細くならないので、強度面から問題になるおそれや成形不能となるおそれがない。
　また、柱部４が、中央案内部５、並びに中央案内部５よりもさらに外径側の大径側端部６及び小径側端部７からなることから、このような柱部４の段付き形状により、通常形状の保持器と比較して円錐ころ１５Ａとの接触面積が小さくなる。
　よって、潤滑油が通りやすく潤滑性がアップするので、低トルク化を図ることができる。
　さらに、内輪１１に円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ，…を組み付けた状態でも、外輪１２を外せば、対角に位置する抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを避けるように円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ，…を傾けて取り出すことができるので、円錐ころ軸受１０Ａの分解及びメンテナンスが容易になる。
　例えば、図１０の斜視図に示すように、図２の状態から１個の円錐ころ１５Ａを取り出した状態で、円錐ころ１５Ａを取り出したポケット孔Ｐから内輪１１の軌道面１１Ａ（図５参照）を目視確認できる。 Furthermore, the center guide part 5 and the large diameter side end part 6 and the small diameter side end part 7 constituting the column part 4 are located on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD of the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,. (Does not straddle the pitch circle diameter PCD). In particular, since the center guide portions 5, 5,... Are located on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD of the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,..., The gap between the tapered rollers 15A, 15A is larger than on the pitch circle diameter PCD. Become wider.
Therefore, since the width (circumferential length) of the column part 4 can be secured relatively large, the column part 4 is not thinned, so there is no possibility of becoming a problem from the viewpoint of strength or being unable to be molded.
Further, since the column portion 4 is composed of the central guide portion 5 and the large-diameter side end portion 6 and the small-diameter side end portion 7 which are further on the outer diameter side than the central guide portion 5, such a step portion of the column portion 4 is provided. Depending on the shape, the contact area with the tapered roller 15 </ b> A is smaller than that of a cage having a normal shape.
Therefore, the lubricating oil is easy to pass and the lubricity is improved, so that the torque can be reduced.
Further, even when the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,... Are assembled to the inner ring 11, if the outer ring 12 is removed, the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,... Are tilted so as to avoid the retaining protrusions 6A, 7A located diagonally. Since it can be taken out, disassembly and maintenance of the tapered roller bearing 10A are facilitated.
For example, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 10, in the state where one tapered roller 15A is taken out from the state shown in FIG. 2, the raceway surface 11A of the inner ring 11 from the pocket hole P where the tapered roller 15A is taken out (see FIG. 5). Can be visually confirmed.
＜保持器の形状と円錐ころとの関係＞
　次に、円錐ころ軸受用保持器１Ａの形状と円錐ころ１５Ａとの関係について説明する。
　図５並びに図７Ａ及び図７Ｂのように保持器１のポケットＰの径方向外方から円錐ころ１５Ａを挿入して内輪１１に組み付けた状態で、内輪１１を省略したものを、図１１の要部拡大斜視図、図１２の要部拡大正面図、図１３の要部拡大部分縦断面正面図、並びに、図１４Ａ及び図１４Ｂの要部拡大横断面平面図に示す。 <Relationship between cage shape and tapered roller>
Next, the relationship between the shape of the tapered roller bearing retainer 1A and the tapered roller 15A will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 5, 7A and 7B, the tapered roller 15A is inserted from the radially outer side of the pocket P of the cage 1 and assembled to the inner ring 11, and the inner ring 11 is omitted. FIG. 12 is an enlarged perspective view of the main part, an enlarged front view of the main part of FIG. 12, a front view of the main part enlarged part of FIG. 13, and an enlarged cross-sectional plan view of the main part of FIGS.
　図１２並びに図１４Ａ及び図１４Ｂに示すように、隣り合う柱部４，４の中央案内部５，５の間隔は、円錐ころ１５Ａの周方向隙間の規定範囲内になるように設定する。具体的には、中央案内部５，５の間隔は、前記のとおり、円錐ころ１５Ａの対応する直径よりも０．５％～３．５％大きく設定する。 As shown in FIG. 12 and FIGS. 14A and 14B, the interval between the central guide portions 5 and 5 of the adjacent column portions 4 and 4 is set so as to be within a specified range of the circumferential clearance of the tapered rollers 15A. Specifically, the interval between the central guide portions 5 and 5 is set to be 0.5% to 3.5% larger than the corresponding diameter of the tapered roller 15A as described above.
　したがって、中央案内部５，５には円錐ころ１５Ａを抜け止めする機能は無く、中央案内部５，５の間隔により円錐ころ１５Ａの周方向隙間を設定して円錐ころ１５Ａを案内する。
　また、隣り合う柱部４，４の中央案内部５，５の間隔が円錐ころ１５Ａの対応する直径よりも大きいことから、ポケット孔Ｐの径方向外方から円錐ころ１５Ａを挿入する際に中央案内部５，５により挿入抵抗が増大することがない。
　よって、保持器１Ａが、特に大型の円錐ころ軸受用である場合であっても、ポケット孔Ｐ，Ｐ，…の径方向外方から円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ，…を容易に挿入できる。 Therefore, the central guide portions 5 and 5 do not have a function of preventing the tapered roller 15A from coming off, and the circumferential guide gap 15A is set by the interval between the central guide portions 5 and 5 to guide the tapered roller 15A.
Further, since the distance between the central guide portions 5 and 5 of the adjacent column portions 4 and 4 is larger than the corresponding diameter of the tapered roller 15A, the central roller 15A is inserted when inserting the tapered roller 15A from the radially outer side of the pocket hole P. The insertion resistance is not increased by the guide portions 5 and 5.
Therefore, even when the cage 1A is for a particularly large tapered roller bearing, the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,... Can be easily inserted from the radially outer side of the pocket holes P, P,.
　図１４Ｂの要部拡大横断面平面図、並びに図１５Ａの要部拡大水平切断面端面図、及び図１５Ｂの拡大図に示すように、ポケット孔Ｐを保持器内径側から打抜き加工した場合、破断面Ａ，Ａと、平滑な面であるせん断面Ｂ，Ｂが発生し、このせん断面Ｂ，Ｂを接触面５Ａ，５Ａとしている。この場合、同一ポケット内の対向する接触面５Ａ，５Ａは平行であり、接触面５Ａ，５Ａは円錐ころ１５Ａの中心を通る径方向Ｒとも平行である。 When the pocket hole P is punched from the inner diameter side of the cage as shown in the enlarged cross-sectional plan view of the essential part in FIG. 14B, the enlarged horizontal cut surface end view of the essential part in FIG. 15A, and the enlarged view of FIG. Cross sections A and A and shear surfaces B and B which are smooth surfaces are generated, and the shear surfaces B and B are used as contact surfaces 5A and 5A. In this case, the opposing contact surfaces 5A and 5A in the same pocket are parallel, and the contact surfaces 5A and 5A are also parallel to the radial direction R passing through the center of the tapered roller 15A.
　図１６Ａの要部拡大水平切断面端面図、及び図１６Ｂの拡大図に示すように、中央案内部５，５，…をさらに外径側に形成する場合には、図１５Ｂのようなせん断面Ｂ，Ｂだけでは、柱部４，４，…のエッジ部が円錐ころ１５Ａの側面と接触して前記側面に傷が付いてしまう。そこで、図１６Ｂに示すように、ポケット孔を打抜き加工した後に柱部４，４の中央案内部５，５にプレス加工で押圧加工を施して押圧加工面Ｃ，Ｃを形成し、この押圧加工面Ｃ，Ｃを接触面５Ａ，５Ａとする。この場合、同一ポケット内の対向する接触面５Ａ，５Ａは、外径側に行くにしたがって円錐ころ１５Ａの中心を通る径方向Ｒに近づく方向に傾斜する。 When the center guide portions 5, 5,... Are further formed on the outer diameter side, as shown in an enlarged end view of the main part in FIG. 16A and an enlarged view of FIG. With B and B alone, the edge portions of the column portions 4, 4,... Therefore, as shown in FIG. 16B, after punching the pocket holes, the center guide portions 5 and 5 of the pillar portions 4 and 4 are subjected to pressing to form the pressing surfaces C and C. Surfaces C and C are referred to as contact surfaces 5A and 5A. In this case, the opposing contact surfaces 5A and 5A in the same pocket are inclined in a direction approaching the radial direction R passing through the center of the tapered roller 15A as it goes to the outer diameter side.
　図１５Ａ及び図１５Ｂ、並びに図１６Ａ及び図１６Ｂのような接触面５Ａ，５Ａ，…により、円錐ころ１５Ａの側面に接触する、隣り合う柱部４，４の中央案内部５，５の接触面５Ａ，５Ａが、平滑な面であるせん断面Ｂ，Ｂ、又はせん断面Ｂ，Ｂのエッジ部で接触しないように押圧加工した押圧加工面Ｃ，Ｃであるので、円錐ころ１５Ａの安定性を向上できる。 15A and 15B, and contact surfaces 5A, 5A,... As shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B... Since 5A and 5A are the sheared surfaces B and B which are smooth surfaces, or the pressed surfaces C and C which are pressed so as not to contact at the edge portions of the sheared surfaces B and B, the stability of the tapered roller 15A is improved. It can be improved.
　図１３に示すように、大径リング部２の下面及び小径リング部３の上面は、円錐ころ１５Ａの端面と平行である。
　また、図６及び図１４Ｂに示すように、柱部４の中央案内部５は、円錐ころ１５Ａのピッチ円直径ＰＣＤよりも外径側に位置する。
　よって、図１１に示すように、柱部４の大径側端部６及び小径側端部７は、前記位置の中央案内部５よりもさらに外径側に位置する。 As shown in FIG. 13, the lower surface of the large-diameter ring portion 2 and the upper surface of the small-diameter ring portion 3 are parallel to the end surface of the tapered roller 15A.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 14B, the central guide portion 5 of the column portion 4 is located on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD of the tapered roller 15A.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, the large-diameter side end 6 and the small-diameter side end 7 of the column part 4 are located further on the outer diameter side than the central guide part 5 at the position.
　ここで、円錐ころ軸受用保持器１Ａにおける、円錐ころ１５Ａ，１５Ａ，…のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤよりも外径側で柱部４の軸方向中央に位置して円錐ころ１５Ａを案内する中央案内部５、並びに、中央案内部５よりもさらに外径側の大径側端部６及び小径側端部７からなる、柱部４の形状及び位置から、カップ状の保持器１Ａの側面に対してパンチ及びダイを用いてポケット孔Ｐを打ち抜く方向を直交させるように保持器１Ａの形状を設定することが容易である。その結果、大径リング部２の下面及び小径リング部３の上面は、図１３のように円錐ころ１５Ａの端面と平行になる。
　よって、前記のように保持器１の形状を設定することにより、ポケット孔Ｐの形成を打抜き加工により容易に行うことができるので、製造コストを低減できる。 Here, in the tapered roller bearing retainer 1A, a central guide portion that guides the tapered roller 15A in the axial center of the column portion 4 on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD of the tapered rollers 15A, 15A,. 5 and from the shape and position of the column portion 4, which is composed of a large-diameter side end portion 6 and a small-diameter side end portion 7 on the outer diameter side of the central guide portion 5, with respect to the side surface of the cup-shaped cage 1 </ b> A. It is easy to set the shape of the cage 1A so that the direction in which the pocket hole P is punched out using a punch and a die is orthogonal. As a result, the lower surface of the large-diameter ring portion 2 and the upper surface of the small-diameter ring portion 3 are parallel to the end surface of the tapered roller 15A as shown in FIG.
Therefore, by setting the shape of the cage 1 as described above, the pocket hole P can be easily formed by punching, and thus the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
［実施の形態２］
＜円筒ころ軸受＞
　図１７の斜視図に示す本発明の実施の形態２に係るころ軸受用保持器は、円筒ころ軸受用保持器１Ｂである。円筒ころ軸受用保持器１Ｂは、図２０の要部拡大部分縦断面正面図に示す円筒ころ軸受１０Ｂに用いる。
　円筒ころ軸受１０Ｂは、内輪１１及び外輪１２、並びに、転動体である複数の円筒ころ１５Ｂ，１５Ｂ，…を備える。
　内輪１１は、円筒外面状軌道面１１Ａを有し、軸方向の端部に鍔１３，１４を有する。
　外輪１２は、円筒内面状軌道面１２Ａを有する。
　円筒ころ１５Ｂ，１５Ｂ，…は、円筒外面状軌道面１１Ａ及び円筒内面状軌道面１２Ａ間を転動する。 [Embodiment 2]
<Cylindrical roller bearing>
The roller bearing cage according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention shown in the perspective view of FIG. 17 is a cylindrical roller bearing cage 1B. The cylindrical roller bearing retainer 1B is used for the cylindrical roller bearing 10B shown in the front view of the enlarged main portion of FIG.
The cylindrical roller bearing 10B includes an inner ring 11 and an outer ring 12, and a plurality of cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B,.
The inner ring 11 has a cylindrical outer surface raceway surface 11 </ b> A, and has flanges 13 and 14 at end portions in the axial direction.
The outer ring 12 has a cylindrical inner raceway surface 12A.
The cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B, ... roll between the cylindrical outer surface raceway surface 11A and the cylindrical inner surface raceway surface 12A.
＜円筒ころ軸受用保持器＞
　図１７及び図１８の斜視図に示すように、円筒ころ軸受用保持器１Ｂは、軸方向に離間した一対のリング部２，３を複数の柱部４，４，…により繋いだ形状を成し、円筒ころ１５Ｂ，１５Ｂ，…を収容する複数のポケット孔Ｐ，Ｐ，…が周方向に等間隔に形成される。
　図１７の斜視図、及び図１９の要部拡大部分縦断面正面図に示すように、隣り合うポケット孔Ｐ，Ｐの間に位置する柱部４は、中央案内部５、並びに、リング部２，３に繋がる一対の端部６，７からなる。
　中央案内部５は、柱部４の軸方向中央に位置して円筒ころ１５Ｂを案内する。
　端部６は、傾斜部８により中央案内部５の上部に繋がり、中央案内部５よりも外径側でリング部２に繋がる。
　端部７は、傾斜部９により中央案内部５の下部に繋がり、中央案内部５よりも外径側でリング部３に繋がる。 <Cylinder roller bearing cage>
As shown in the perspective views of FIGS. 17 and 18, the cylindrical roller bearing retainer 1 </ b> B has a shape in which a pair of ring portions 2, 3 separated in the axial direction are connected by a plurality of column portions 4, 4,. And a plurality of pocket holes P, P,... For accommodating the cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B,.
As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 17 and the main part enlarged partial vertical sectional front view of FIG. 19, the column part 4 positioned between the adjacent pocket holes P, P is formed of the central guide part 5 and the ring part 2. , 3 and a pair of end portions 6, 7.
The center guide part 5 is located in the center of the column part 4 in the axial direction and guides the cylindrical roller 15B.
The end portion 6 is connected to the upper portion of the central guide portion 5 by the inclined portion 8, and is connected to the ring portion 2 on the outer diameter side of the central guide portion 5.
The end portion 7 is connected to the lower portion of the central guide portion 5 by the inclined portion 9 and connected to the ring portion 3 on the outer diameter side of the central guide portion 5.
　柱部４の端部６，７には、一つのポケット孔Ｐにおいて、その対角に、抜止め突部６Ａ及び抜止め突部７Ａを一つずつ設ける。
　また、ポケット孔Ｐを、後述するように、ポケット孔Ｐの径方向外方から円筒ころ１５Ｂを挿入して内輪１１に組み付ける際に、対角に位置する一対の抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを避けるように円筒ころ１５Ｂを傾けながら挿入できる形状とする。
　すなわち、図２１Ａ及び図２１Ｂの要部拡大正面図に示すように、例えば、ポケット孔Ｐの抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを設けた対角に軸方向逃がし部６Ｂ，７Ｂを設けるとともに、ポケット孔Ｐの抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを設けない対角に周方向逃がし部６Ｃ，７Ｃを設けている。 The end portions 6 and 7 of the column portion 4 are each provided with one retaining projection 6A and one retaining projection 7A at the opposite corner of the pocket hole P.
Further, as will be described later, when the cylindrical roller 15B is inserted from the outside in the radial direction of the pocket hole P and assembled to the inner ring 11, the pair of retaining protrusions 6A and 7A positioned diagonally are formed. In order to avoid, the cylindrical roller 15B has a shape that can be inserted while being inclined.
21A and 21B, for example, as shown in FIG. 21A and FIG. 21B, for example, the axial relief portions 6B and 7B are provided on the diagonals provided with the retaining protrusions 6A and 7A of the pocket hole P, and the pocket holes Circumferential relief portions 6C and 7C are provided diagonally on which the P retaining projections 6A and 7A are not provided.
　よって、図１９の要部拡大部分縦断面正面図に示すようにポケット孔Ｐの径方向外方から円筒ころ１５Ｂを挿入して内輪１１に組み付ける際に、図２１Ａの要部拡大正面図に示す挿入途中の状態のように、対角に位置する一対の抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを避けるように円筒ころ１５Ｂを傾けながら（挿入時に円筒ころ１５Ｂが許容される、ポケット孔Ｐを正面から見たときの法線まわりの傾きの角度β参照）、ポケット孔Ｐに挿入できる。
　そして、図２１Ｂの要部拡大部分縦断面正面図に示すポケット孔Ｐへの円筒ころ１５Ｂの挿入が完了した状態（図２０の要部拡大部分縦断面正面図のように内輪１１に円筒ころ１５Ｂを組み付けた状態）では、内輪１１の円筒外面状軌道面１１Ａに円筒ころ１５Ｂの側面が当接し、抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを避けるように傾けながら挿入した円筒ころ１５Ｂの傾きが修正され、抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａにより円筒ころ１５Ｂが抜け止めされる。
　ここで、抜け止め部６Ａ，７Ａは、保持器１Ｂの半径方向の動きを制御する機能も有する。 Therefore, when the cylindrical roller 15B is inserted from the outer side in the radial direction of the pocket hole P and assembled to the inner ring 11 as shown in the front view of the main part enlarged portion of FIG. 19, the main part enlarged front view of FIG. While the cylindrical roller 15B is tilted so as to avoid the pair of retaining protrusions 6A and 7A located diagonally as in the middle of insertion (see the pocket hole P from the front where the cylindrical roller 15B is allowed during insertion). ) (See the inclination angle β around the normal line), and can be inserted into the pocket hole P.
And the state which insertion of the cylindrical roller 15B to the pocket hole P shown in the principal part expanded partial longitudinal cross-sectional front view of FIG. 21B completed (as shown in the principal part enlarged partial vertical cross-sectional front view of FIG. In the assembled state), the side surface of the cylindrical roller 15B comes into contact with the cylindrical outer surface raceway surface 11A of the inner ring 11, and the inclination of the inserted cylindrical roller 15B is corrected so as to avoid the retaining protrusions 6A and 7A. The cylindrical rollers 15B are prevented from coming off by the retaining projections 6A and 7A.
Here, the retaining portions 6A and 7A also have a function of controlling the radial movement of the cage 1B.
　次に、図２２の円筒ころの挿入方向から見たポケット孔の概略図に示す諸元により、ポケット孔Ｐまわりの寸法について説明する。ここで、円筒ころ１５Ｂの寸法を、長さをＲＬ、半径をＲ１とする。 Next, dimensions around the pocket hole P will be described with reference to the specifications shown in the schematic view of the pocket hole viewed from the insertion direction of the cylindrical roller in FIG. Here, let the dimension of the cylindrical roller 15B be length RL and radius be R1.
（１）窓高さＬは、円筒ころ１５Ｂの長さＲＬよりも若干大きく、要求仕様に応じて設定する。
（２）ころ案内部の窓幅は、対応する円筒ころ１５Ｂの半径よりも０．５～３．５％大きく設定する。例えば、ポケット孔Ｐの高さ方向中央の窓幅Ｗは、Ｒ１よりも０．５～３．５％大きく設定する。
（３）軸方向逃がし量Ｌ１は、内輪１１の溝長さとの関係で円筒ころ１５Ｂの長さＲＬの１～５％に設定する。
（４）ころ抜止め部長さＬ３は、円筒ころ１５Ｂが抜けないように、円筒ころ１５Ｂの長さＲＬの５％以上とする。
（５）ころ抜止め部窓幅Ｗ１は、円筒ころ１５Ｂの半径Ｒ１よりも２～１０％小さくなるように設定する。
（６）ころ非抜止め部窓幅Ｗ３は、ポケット孔Ｐに円筒ころ１５Ｂを挿入する工程で抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａとの間で締め代を持たないように設定する。
　以上のように円筒ころ軸受用保持器１Ｂのポケット孔Ｐまわりの寸法を設定することにより、円筒ころ軸受用保持器１Ｂの強度を確保でき、円筒ころ１５Ｂの傾きを最小限にできるとともに、円筒ころ１５Ｂ挿入時の応力を降伏応力以下にすることができる。 (1) The window height L is slightly larger than the length RL of the cylindrical roller 15B, and is set according to the required specifications.
(2) The window width of the roller guide portion is set to be 0.5 to 3.5% larger than the radius of the corresponding cylindrical roller 15B. For example, the window width W at the center of the pocket hole P in the height direction is set to be 0.5 to 3.5% larger than R1.
(3) The axial relief amount L1 is set to 1 to 5% of the length RL of the cylindrical roller 15B in relation to the groove length of the inner ring 11.
(4) The roller retaining portion length L3 is 5% or more of the length RL of the cylindrical roller 15B so that the cylindrical roller 15B does not come off.
(5) The roller retaining portion window width W1 is set to be 2 to 10% smaller than the radius R1 of the cylindrical roller 15B.
(6) The roller non-preventing portion window width W3 is set so that there is no tightening margin between the retaining protrusions 6A and 7A in the step of inserting the cylindrical roller 15B into the pocket hole P.
By setting the dimensions around the pocket hole P of the cylindrical roller bearing retainer 1B as described above, the strength of the cylindrical roller bearing retainer 1B can be secured, the inclination of the cylindrical roller 15B can be minimized, and the cylinder The stress when the roller 15B is inserted can be made equal to or less than the yield stress.
　以上のような円筒ころ軸受用保持器１Ｂの構成によれば、対角に位置する抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを避けるように円筒ころ１５Ｂを傾けながらポケット孔Ｐの径方向外方から挿入して、内輪１１に円筒ころ１５Ｂ，１５Ｂ，…を容易に組み付けることができるので、円筒ころ軸受１０Ｂの組立作業性を向上できる。
　その上、内輪１１に円筒ころ１５Ｂ，１５Ｂ，…を組み付けた状態でも、外輪１２を外せば、対角に位置する抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを避けるように円筒ころ１５Ｂ，１５Ｂ，…を傾けて取り出すことができるので、円筒ころ軸受１０Ｂの分解及びメンテナンスが容易になる。 According to the configuration of the cylindrical roller bearing cage 1B as described above, the cylindrical roller 15B is tilted so as to avoid the diagonally protruding retaining projections 6A and 7A, and is inserted from the radially outer side of the pocket hole P. Thus, the cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B,... Can be easily assembled to the inner ring 11, so that the assembling workability of the cylindrical roller bearing 10B can be improved.
In addition, even when the cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B,... Are assembled to the inner ring 11, if the outer ring 12 is removed, the cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B,... Are tilted so as to avoid the retaining protrusions 6A, 7A located diagonally. The cylindrical roller bearing 10B can be easily disassembled and maintained.
　その上さらに、柱部４を構成する、中央案内部５、及び一対の端部６，７が、円筒ころ１５Ｂ，１５Ｂ，…のピッチ円直径ＰＣＤよりも外径側に位置することから、柱部４が細くならないので、強度面から問題になるおそれや成形不能となるおそれがない。
　その上、柱部４が、中央案内部５、及び中央案内部５よりもさらに外径側の一対の端部６，７からなることから、このような柱部４の段付き形状により、通常形状の保持器と比較して円筒ころ１５Ｂとの接触面積が小さくなる。
　よって、潤滑油が通りやすく潤滑性がアップするので、低トルク化を図ることができる。 Furthermore, since the central guide portion 5 and the pair of end portions 6 and 7 constituting the pillar portion 4 are located on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter PCD of the cylindrical rollers 15B, 15B,. Since the portion 4 does not become thin, there is no possibility of becoming a problem from the viewpoint of strength or becoming impossible to mold.
In addition, since the column portion 4 is composed of the center guide portion 5 and a pair of end portions 6 and 7 on the outer diameter side of the center guide portion 5, the stepped shape of the column portion 4 is usually The contact area with the cylindrical roller 15B is smaller than that of the cage having the shape.
Therefore, the lubricating oil is easy to pass and the lubricity is improved, so that the torque can be reduced.
　その上さらに、円筒ころ１５Ｂを抜け止めする抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａを、柱部４の根元部に設けていることから、特許文献２のようなピッチ円直径より大径の中央環状部まで段押しした柱部の中央に設けるころ抜け止めと比較して、抜止め突部６Ａ，７Ａの寸法精度が大幅に高くなる。それにより、円筒ころを挿入する際における間隔のばらつきが大幅に小さくなる。
　よって、内輪に組み付けた円筒ころに外接する円の直径のばらつきが小さくなるので、内輪、円筒ころ及び保持器を一体にした円筒ころ軸受の中間組立品に対して、外輪を組み付け易くなる。 In addition, since the retaining protrusions 6A and 7A for retaining the cylindrical roller 15B are provided at the base portion of the column portion 4, the central annular portion having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter as in Patent Document 2 is provided. Compared with the roller retaining provided at the center of the stepped column portion, the dimensional accuracy of the retaining projections 6A and 7A is significantly increased. Thereby, the dispersion | variation in the space | interval at the time of inserting a cylindrical roller becomes remarkably small.
Therefore, since the variation in the diameter of the circle circumscribing the cylindrical roller assembled to the inner ring is reduced, the outer ring can be easily assembled to the intermediate assembly of the cylindrical roller bearing in which the inner ring, the cylindrical roller and the cage are integrated.
　以上の実施の形態の記載はすべてすべて例示であり、これに制限されるものではない。本発明の範囲から逸脱することなく種々の改良及び変更を施すことができる。 All the descriptions of the above embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to them. Various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
１Ａ　円錐ころ軸受用保持器
１Ｂ　円筒ころ軸受用保持器
２　大径リング部、リング部
３　小径リング部、リング部
４　柱部
５　中央案内部
５Ａ　接触面
６　大径側端部、端部
６Ａ　抜止め突部
６Ｂ　軸方向逃がし部
６Ｃ　周方向逃がし部
７　小径側端部、端部
７Ａ　抜止め突部
７Ｂ　軸方向逃がし部
７Ｃ　周方向逃がし部
８，９　傾斜部
１０Ａ　円錐ころ軸受
１０Ｂ　円筒ころ軸受
１１　内輪
１１Ａ　円錐外面状軌道面、円筒外面状軌道面
１２　外輪
１２Ａ　円錐内面状軌道面、円筒外面状軌道面
１３　大鍔、鍔
１４　小鍔、鍔
１５Ａ　円錐ころ
１５Ｂ　円筒ころ
Ａ　破断面
Ｂ　せん断面
Ｃ　押圧加工面
ＣＲ　隅Ｒ部
Ｐ　ポケット孔
ＰＣＤ　ピッチ円直径
Ｒ　円錐ころの中心を通る径方向
  1A Retainer for tapered roller bearing 1B Retainer for cylindrical roller bearing 2 Large diameter ring part, ring part 3 Small diameter ring part, ring part 4 Column part 5 Central guide part 5A Contact surface 6 Large diameter side end part, end part 6A Stop projection 6B Axial relief 6C Circumferential relief 7 Small-diameter side end, end 7A Detent projection 7B Axial relief 7C Circumferential relief 8, 9 Inclined portion 10A Conical roller bearing 10B Cylindrical roller bearing 11 Inner ring 11A Conical outer surface raceway surface, cylindrical outer surface raceway surface 12 Outer ring 12A Conical inner surface raceway surface, cylindrical outer surface raceway surface 13 Large ridge, 鍔 14 Small ridge, 鍔 15A Conical roller 15B Cylindrical roller A Broken surface B Shear surface C Press working surface CR Corner R part P Pocket hole PCD Pitch circle diameter R Radial direction passing through the center of the tapered roller

Claims (4)

  1. 　ころ軸受の転動体であるころを所定間隔に案内して回転自在に保持する、前記ころを収容する複数のポケット孔が周方向に等間隔に形成されたころ軸受用保持器であって、
    　軸方向に離間した一対のリング部を複数の柱部により繋いだ形状を成し、
    　隣り合う前記ポケット孔の間に位置する前記柱部が、
    　　前記ころのピッチ円直径よりも外径側で前記柱部の軸方向中央に位置し、前記ころを案内する中央案内部、
    　　並びに、
    　　前記中央案内部に繋がり、前記中央案内部よりもさらに外径側で前記リング部に繋がる、一対の端部からなり、
    　前記柱部の一対の端部に、
    　　一つの前記ポケット孔において、その対角に、抜止め突部を一つずつ設けてなることを特徴とする、
    ころ軸受用保持器。     A roller bearing retainer in which a plurality of pocket holes for accommodating the rollers are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the rollers that are rolling elements of the roller bearing are rotatably held by guiding them at a predetermined interval.
    A pair of ring parts spaced apart in the axial direction are connected by a plurality of column parts,
    The pillar portion located between the adjacent pocket holes is
    A central guide portion that is positioned in the axial center of the column portion on the outer diameter side of the pitch circle diameter of the rollers and guides the rollers;
    And
    Consists of a pair of end parts connected to the central guide part, connected to the ring part on the outer diameter side further than the central guide part,
    At a pair of end portions of the pillar portion,
    One of the pocket holes is provided with one retaining protrusion at the opposite corner,
    Roller bearing cage.
  2. 　前記ポケット孔の前記抜止め突部を設けた対角に軸方向逃がし部を設けるとともに、
    　前記ポケット孔の前記抜止め突部を設けない対角に周方向逃がし部を設けてなる、
    請求項１に記載のころ軸受用保持器。     While providing an axial relief portion on the diagonal provided with the retaining projection of the pocket hole,
    A circumferential relief portion is provided diagonally without the retaining protrusion of the pocket hole.
    The roller bearing retainer according to claim 1.
  3. 　隣り合う前記柱部の前記中央案内部の間隔を前記ころの対応する直径よりも大きく設定してなる、
    請求項１又は２に記載のころ軸受用保持器。     The interval between the central guide portions of the adjacent column portions is set larger than the corresponding diameter of the rollers,
    The roller bearing retainer according to claim 1 or 2.
  4. 　前記柱部の前記中央案内部に、
    　　前記ポケット孔を打抜き加工したときに発生するせん断面である、前記ころの側面に接触する接触面、又は、
    　　前記せん断面を押圧加工してなる、前記ころの側面に接触する接触面
    を形成してなる、
    請求項１～３の何れか１項に記載のころ軸受用保持器。     In the central guide part of the pillar part,
    A contact surface that contacts a side surface of the roller, which is a shear surface generated when the pocket hole is punched, or
    Formed by pressing the shearing surface, forming a contact surface in contact with the side surface of the roller,
    The roller bearing retainer according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
PCT/JP2019/004995 2018-03-20 2019-02-13 Roller bearing retainer WO2019181282A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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JP2018052551 2018-03-20
JP2018-052551 2018-03-20
JP2019-020466 2019-02-07
JP2019020466A JP7263810B2 (en) 2018-03-20 2019-02-07 Cage for roller bearing

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH032733U (en) 1989-05-29 1991-01-11
JP2000266063A (en) 1999-03-17 2000-09-26 Nsk Ltd Conical roller bearing
JP2005076809A (en) * 2003-09-02 2005-03-24 Nsk Ltd Retainer for needle bearing and needle bearing
JP2006029371A (en) * 2004-07-13 2006-02-02 Koyo Seiko Co Ltd Press-formed cage for roller bearing and its manufacturing method
JP2007170562A (en) * 2005-12-22 2007-07-05 Ntn Corp Shell type roller bearing for laminated connecting rod and connecting rod assembly
JP2009047294A (en) * 2007-08-23 2009-03-05 Ntn Corp Roller bearing for reduction gear
JP2017044281A (en) * 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 Ntn株式会社 Cage and conical roller bearing

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH032733U (en) 1989-05-29 1991-01-11
JP2000266063A (en) 1999-03-17 2000-09-26 Nsk Ltd Conical roller bearing
JP2005076809A (en) * 2003-09-02 2005-03-24 Nsk Ltd Retainer for needle bearing and needle bearing
JP2006029371A (en) * 2004-07-13 2006-02-02 Koyo Seiko Co Ltd Press-formed cage for roller bearing and its manufacturing method
JP2007170562A (en) * 2005-12-22 2007-07-05 Ntn Corp Shell type roller bearing for laminated connecting rod and connecting rod assembly
JP2009047294A (en) * 2007-08-23 2009-03-05 Ntn Corp Roller bearing for reduction gear
JP2017044281A (en) * 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 Ntn株式会社 Cage and conical roller bearing

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