Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
  • B28B1/26—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor
  • B28B1/261—Moulds therefor
  • B28B1/262—Mould materials; Manufacture of moulds or parts thereof
  • B28B1/263—Plastics

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a part of a mold for ceramic articles. More specifically, the present invention relates to a part of a mold for ceramic articles of complex shape, such as sanitary ware such as WCs, bidets and the like.
• each of these molds comprises two or more parts that can be connected to each other to define a forming cavity, within which the slip is then cast under pressure, i.e., in jargon, a fluid mixture comprising an aqueous part and a ceramic part in suspension.
• the number of parts that make up each mold may vary according to various factors.
• this number varies according to the geometry of the article to be produced with reference, for example, to the presence or absence of portions or appendices in the undercut, openings, or other geometric particularities.
• the parts that make up the mold are placed side by side in such a way as to be one on top of the other in certain joint areas, and they define the above cavity into which the fluid mixture is directly poured.
• the fluid mixture After the fluid mixture has been poured, it solidifies so as to create the article with the desired shape: the individual parts of the mold can then be separated from each other to allow the extraction of the article itself, which will then be fired to obtain the end product.
• the parts of the mold can be made, e.g., in porous resin, which has replaced, over time, traditional plaster: the porous resin combines properties of high mechanical strength, long life, lightness, and good permeability to liquids, so as to allow, after casting, the elimination of the liquid part of the fluid mixture, thus promoting the rapid solidification of the same to obtain the desired article.
• the individual parts that make up the mold can be reciprocally brought closer together and positioned side by side, in order to delimit the forming cavity, or they can be separated from each other, to allow the extraction of the sanitary ware, once solidified, from the mold itself.
• each mold may comprise a number of reciprocally movable parts greater than three, for example four or even five.
• the mold comprises five parts, two of which are lateral, also known as flanks, an upper part also known as a piston or cap, a lower part also known as a foot, and a rear part also known as a fifth part or back.
• a fundamental characteristic of these molds is, as mentioned, the porosity of the resin portions, which allows reaching the forming cavity with fluids necessary both for the operation and for the maintenance and/or cleaning of the assembly itself (e.g. compressed air or water), or also to create a vacuum inside the cavity itself.
• fluids necessary both for the operation and for the maintenance and/or cleaning of the assembly itself (e.g. compressed air or water), or also to create a vacuum inside the cavity itself.
• the supply of the above fluids, or the maintenance and/or cleaning operations of the molds are made possible thanks to the presence, in each of the lateral, upper or lower parts, of a respective distribution plate, which comprises ducts and, if necessary, members to control and regulate the circulation of the fluids.
• the rear part, or fifth part is usually associated with a supporting tube, made for example of stainless steel, which in use comes out from the rear of the mold in closed configuration, i.e. when the main parts of the same are reciprocally brought side by side; more specifically, the above tube is partially embedded in the porous resin, at one end, so as to obtain a rigid connection that allows the same part to be moved to open and close the mold.
• a supporting tube made for example of stainless steel
• the supporting tube also has the important function of distributing the service fluids (e.g. water, compressed air) to the entire porous resin portion of the fifth part.
• the service fluids e.g. water, compressed air
• the geometric complexity of the rear part makes it essential to have an extremely detailed distribution system, in order to distribute the fluids uniformly throughout the entire resin portion.
• the supporting tube comprises, at the end intended to be embedded in the resin, a number of holes drilled along a same circumference, which allow the service fluids to be distributed in a radial direction.
• the distribution system of the service fluids described above has a number of drawbacks.
• the distribution of the service fluids can, in practice, be inefficient and uneven; as a result, obstructions or section shrinkage, even of small magnitude, at certain points in the circuit, can prevent the service fluid from reaching certain areas of the porous resin portion.
• the technical aim of the present invention is to improve the state of the art in the field of molds for ceramic articles.
• Another object of the present invention is to make available a part of a mold for ceramic articles in which the circulation of the service fluids is improved and made more effective.
• a further object of the present invention is to make available a part of a mold for ceramic articles in which the circulation system of the service fluids can be easily inspected without compromising the integrity of the part itself.
• Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a part of a mold for ceramic articles in which it is possible to carry out the maintenance operations concerning the circulation system of the service fluids in a practical and effective way.
• Another object of the present invention is to create a part of a mold for ceramic articles that allows carrying out the previous objects with a simple and cheap constructive solution.
• the part of mold comprises at least one portion in porous resin, and at least one supporting tube, rigidly connected to the resin portion.
• the supporting tube comprises a first portion, provided with at least one main duct through which the service fluids are fed through the resin portion; furthermore, the supporting tube comprises a second portion, at least partially embedded in the resin portion.
• the second portion comprises at least one distribution chamber of the service fluids, communicating with the main duct and provided with a plurality of holes for delivering the fluids themselves through the resin portion.
• the distribution chamber embedded in the resin portion and provided with the delivering holes, ensures a more effective and uniform diffusion of the service fluids through the resin portion itself, so that all the areas of the latter - or at least its notable points - are reached by the fluids themselves.
• Figure 1 is an axonometric view of a mold for ceramic articles comprising the part of mold according to the present invention
• Figure 2 is an axonometric view of the same mold with some parts removed for better clarity;
• Figure 3 is an axonometric view of the part of mold according to the present invention.
• Figure 4 is a detail of Figure 3;
• Figure 5 is a detailed side view of the supporting tube of the part of mold according to the invention.
• Figure 6 is a side partially sectioned detailed view of the part of mold according to the invention, at the supporting tube;
• Figure 7 is an axonometric view of the supporting tube of the part of mold;
• Figure 8 is a detailed axonometric view of a part of the distribution chamber provided for in the supporting tube.
• reference numeral 1 globally indicates a part of a mold for ceramic articles.
• Figures 1, 2 schematically show a mold S for ceramic articles comprising the part of a mold 1 according to the present invention.
• Figures 1, 2 show a mold S comprising an upper part 2, a lower part 3 and two lateral parts 4, 5; these parts 2-5, mutually placed side by side, define a forming cavity 6, into which the liquid mixture can be poured, which, when solidified, will give rise to the ceramic article 7.
• the forming cavity 6 is also defined by the part of a mold 1 according to the present invention.
• the part of a mold 1 is the rear part of mold S (also known as the fifth part).
• the part of mold 1 could be any other part of mold S, and not necessarily the rear part which is usually completely integrated between the remaining parts 2-5.
• the part of mold 1 - see e.g. Figure 3 - according to the invention, comprises at least one supporting tube 8.
• the part of mold 1 comprises at least one porous resin portion 9; the resin portion 9 is rigidly connected to the supporting tube 8.
• the shape and size of the resin portion 9 can be any, depending on the shape and size of the ceramic article 7 to be made inside the forming cavity 6.
• the mold S is adapted to make a ceramic article 7 of complex shape, such as a sanitary ware, or the like.
• the ceramic article 7 may consist of a WC, a bidet, or the like; it cannot however be ruled out that the ceramic article 7 can be of another type, without any limitation.
• the part of mold 1 according to the present invention which in the illustrated embodiment constitutes the rear part of the mold S, is completely enclosed in use by the remaining parts 2, 3, 4, 5 of the mold S itself; for example, the part of mold 1 can be used to delimit the forming cavity 6 so as to create, in the ceramic article 7, a rear chamber or recess.
• the supporting tube 8 is preferably, but not exclusively, made of a metal material.
• the supporting tube 8 comprises a first portion 10 and a second portion 11.
• the first portion 10 is substantially cylindrical tubular; the first portion 10 comprises at least one main through duct 12, for the supply of at least one service fluid to the resin portion 9.
• the main duct 12 is characterized by a first diameter Dl. Furthermore, the first portion 10 comprises a free end extremity 13 for the connection to supply means of at least one service fluid (not shown in the illustrations).
• the end extremity 13 is, for example, threaded; alternatively, the end extremity 13 can be provided with other types of connection members.
• the same first portion 10 (and/or the same end extremity 13) can be used to move the part of mold 1, e.g., to allow the extraction of the ceramic article 7 from the mold S once it has been fully formed, or to carry out maintenance or cleaning operations on the part of mold 1 itself.
• the second portion 11 of the supporting tube 8 is, at least partially, embedded in the porous resin portion 9, as shown for example in the Figures 3, 4, 6.
• the second portion 11 communicates with the main duct 12, and is shaped so that the service fluid from the main duct 12 flows through it to reach different areas of the resin portion 9.
• the second portion 11 comprises, in turn, a distribution chamber 14 of at least one service fluid.
• the distribution chamber 14 communicates with the main duct 12 for the supply of the service fluid.
• the distribution chamber 14 has the transversal dimension larger than the first diameter Dl .
• the distribution chamber 14 has cylindrical symmetry, and is characterized by a second inner diameter D2 larger than the first diameter Dl of the main duct 12.
• the distribution chamber 14 can also have different shapes, not symmetrical, depending on the conformation of the resin portion 9.
• the service fluid undergoes a slow-down and therefore an increase in pressure, which facilitates the effective distribution of the resin portion 9 towards the peripheral areas.
• the second portion 11 comprises a first element 15 and a second element 16, mutually connected to each other in a separable way.
• the first element 15 and the second element 16 define the aforementioned distribution chamber 14.
• the distribution chamber 14 can be fully inspected, thanks to the fact that the first element 15 and the second element 16 can be separated.
• first element 15 and the second element 16 are connected to each other by removable connecting members 17.
• the first element 15 comprises a first flange 18.
• the first flange 18 is rigidly connected to the first portion 10; e.g., the first flange 18 is connected to the first portion 10 by welding.
• the second element 16 comprises a second flange 19.
• the first flange 18 can be completely embedded in the resin portion 9, so as to obtain a substantially flat and uniform outer surface, or the first flange 18 can be protruding from the outer surface of the resin portion 9, and therefore not embedded in the resin, for easier removal.
• the first flange 18 of the first element 15 and the second flange 19 of the second element 16 can be mutually coupleable to each other by means of the aforementioned removable connecting members 17.
• the first element 15 also comprises a tubular extension 20; the first tubular extension 20 extends from the first flange 18 along the longitudinal axis A of the supporting tube 8.
• the second element 16 comprises a substantially bell-shaped portion 21, to which the second flange 19 is fixed (see in particular Figure 8).
• the tubular extension 20 engages in a corresponding annular seat 22 provided in the inner surface of the bell-shaped portion 21.
• a groove is provided for housing a gasket 23, which abuts on the surface of the annular seat 22 so that the coupling between the first element 15 and the second element 16, which as has been said is removable, is fluid-tight.
• the removable connecting members 17 can comprise, e.g., a plurality of screws engaged in their respective threaded holes 24 provided in the second flange 19; the heads of these screws 17 engage, on the other hand, in respective recessed seats 25 provided, correspondingly, in the first flange 18 (see, for example, Figure 7).
• the distribution chamber 14 comprises a plurality of holes 26a, 26b for the delivery of service fluids in the resin portion 9.
• the bell- shaped portion 21 of the second element 16 comprises a plurality of holes 26a, 26b, for the delivery of the service fluids in the resin portion 9.
• first holes 26a are provided oriented in a substantially radial way with respect to the longitudinal axis A of the supporting tube 8.
• second holes 26b oriented with respective axes parallel, or substantially parallel, to the longitudinal axis A of the supporting tube 8.
• the bell- shaped portion 21 preferably has its lateral surface 27 cylindrical, or substantially cylindrical; the first holes 26a are therefore provided in the above- mentioned lateral surface 27.
• the number and size of the first holes 26a can be any, depending on the different application requirements.
• the bell- shaped portion 21 comprises a frontal surface 28.
• the frontal surface 28 is opposite the first element 15.
• the second holes 26b are provided in the aforementioned frontal surface 28 of the bell- shaped portion 21.
• the positioning, number and size of the second holes 26b can also be any.
• the bell-shaped portion 21 comprises, at its frontal surface 28, at least an appendix 29, adapted to be completely embedded in the resin portion 9, as schematically shown in Figure 6; this permits obtaining a more solid and secure coupling between the resin portion 9 itself and the supporting tube 8.
• the appendix 29 can be made in various shapes.
• the appendix 29 may comprise a tubular portion 30 and a collar 31, fixed along the outer surface of the tubular portion 30.
• the appendix 29 therefore provides an adhesion surface, between the supporting tube 8 and the resin portion 9, additional with respect to the bell shaped portion 21, also comprising an undercut zone that prevents separation between the two parts when this is not required.
• the bell-shaped portion 21 is constructed by welding metal parts in a simple and economical way; however, it cannot be ruled out that the bell-shaped portion 21 can be made with other technologies.
• the whole supporting tube 8 might be made of a material other than steel: for example, the supporting tube 8 might be made of a polymeric material, or of a composite material, or others.
• the resin portion 9 comprises a plurality of ducts 32, 33; these ducts 32, 33 communicate with the holes 26a, 26b of the distribution chamber 14.
• the ducts 32, 33 can be made in different directions, in relation to the shape and size of the resin portion 9 (and therefore in relation to the shape and size of the ceramic article 7 to be made).
• first ducts 32 are provided that communicate directly with the first, second holes 26a, 26b, arranged in various directions; moreover, second ducts 33 are provided that intercept the first ducts 32.
• the second ducts 33 extend in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the supporting tube 8.
• the method of using the part of mold 1 according to the present invention is, in the light of what has been described, completely intuitive.
• the part of mold 1 is assembled together with the other parts 2, 3, 4 and 5 that make up the mold S, to delimit the forming cavity 6, into which the fluid mixture for making the ceramic article 7 will then be poured.
• the part of mold 1 is easily moved by means of the supporting tube 8, which is firmly anchored to the resin portion 9.
• a service fluid such as water, compressed air or others, can be fed into the resin portion 9.
• the service fluid flows through the main duct 12 and reaches the distribution chamber 14, and from there it spreads through the holes 26a, 26b and the ducts 32, 33, in the various areas of the resin portion 9.
• the distribution chamber 14, the holes 26a, 26b and the ducts 32, 33 can be sized in order to satisfy different application requirements, i.e., in order to optimize the pressure and the speed of the service fluid in the various areas of the resin portion 9 that have to be reached.
• the supporting tube 8 can be simply inspected, and maintenance, cleaning and similar operations can be easily carried out on it.
• first element 15 and the second element 16 are separable by means of the removable connecting members 17: while the second element 16 remains embedded in the resin portion 9, the first element 15 can be removed, together with the entire first portion 10 of the supporting tube 8.
• the distribution chamber 14 can then be inspected and, if necessary, cleaned.
• the first portion 10 and/or the first element 15 can also be replaced with others of different characteristics, or replaced with intact parts if those originally installed are damaged.
• the resin portion 9 therefore, remains intact even after repeated inspection and/or maintenance jobs.
• the present invention also relates to the supporting tube 8 having the characteristics described above.
• the present invention also relates to a mold S comprising the part of mold 1 having the characteristics previously described.
• the diffusion of the service fluids through the resin portion 9 is uniform compared to known solutions, thanks to the presence of the distribution chamber 14; the various areas of the resin portion are therefore better reached by the fluids themselves, which perform their function more effectively.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=63014753

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Citations (4)

• 2018
  • 2018-03-19 IT IT102018000003746A patent/IT201800003746A1/it unknown
• 2019
  • 2019-03-19 WO PCT/IB2019/052222 patent/WO2019180613A1/en unknown
  • 2019-03-19 EP EP19721042.0A patent/EP3768479B1/en active Active

Patent Citations (4)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events