WO2019178729A1 - 一种随机接入方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种随机接入方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019178729A1
WO2019178729A1 PCT/CN2018/079507 CN2018079507W WO2019178729A1 WO 2019178729 A1 WO2019178729 A1 WO 2019178729A1 CN 2018079507 W CN2018079507 W CN 2018079507W WO 2019178729 A1 WO2019178729 A1 WO 2019178729A1
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Prior art keywords
random access
terminal
resource
prach channel
preamble code
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PCT/CN2018/079507
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱小松
吴毅凌
赵楠
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201880090691.5A priority Critical patent/CN111819902B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/079507 priority patent/WO2019178729A1/zh
Publication of WO2019178729A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019178729A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a random access method and apparatus.
  • the 230MHz IoT is a spectrum of the power system with a frequency range of 223MHz to 235MHz and a total bandwidth of 12MHz.
  • the 230MHz IoT technology is mainly based on the narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) technology of the 3GPP R14 protocol.
  • the base station broadcasts a system message, where the system message includes a physical random access channel (PRACH) channel used by the terminal to initiate a random access procedure.
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • Preamble Resources and preambles
  • the terminal selects the Preamble code, and then initiates a random access procedure to the base station based on the selected Preamble code.
  • the RRC state of the terminal includes a Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection state and an RRC idle state.
  • the terminal in the RRC connected state may have uplink and downlink data to be transmitted at any time. For uplink data, the terminal may not have uplink resources for the uplink data.
  • the uplink data is sent by the base station, and the application layer of the terminal in the RRC connected state has a data transmission delay limitation.
  • the terminal in the RRC connected state can complete the data transmission as soon as possible, so the RRC connection is performed.
  • the delay of random access of the terminal is as short as possible.
  • the terminal in the RRC idle state and the terminal in the RRC connected state preempt the random access resources of the base station in the random access process, causing a collision, thereby causing the connection state terminal to delay the random access delay.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a random access method and device, which is used to solve the problem that a terminal in an RRC idle state and a terminal in an RRC connected state preempt the random access resources of the base station in a random access procedure.
  • the present application provides a random access method, where the method includes: receiving, by a terminal, random access resource indication information sent by a network device, where the random access resource indication information is used to indicate a first random access Incoming resources and second random access resources. And when the terminal is in a radio resource control RRC connected state, initiate a random access procedure to the network device based on the first random access resource. And when the terminal is in an RRC idle state, initiate a random access procedure to the network device based on the second random access resource.
  • the terminal in the RRC connected state has a transmission delay limitation when performing random access, so the base station can preferentially process the terminal random access request in the RRC connected state, and the terminal in the RRC connected state is in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the random access resources that can be used by the terminal in the RRC idle state are separated, and the problem that the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state preempt the same random access resource may be avoided. And, by separating the random access resources that can be used by the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, the base station can adjust the random access allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state. The proportion of the resources is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the base station can allocate more random access resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the base station can preferentially process The random access request of the terminal in the RRC connected state, so as to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state from being unable to access normally due to the collision with the terminal in the RRC idle state during the random access, and reducing the RRC connected state.
  • the access delay of the terminal can be used to allocate more random access resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the base station can preferentially process The random access request of the terminal in the RRC connected state, so as to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state from being unable to access normally due to the collision with the terminal in the RRC idle state during the random access, and reducing the RRC connected state.
  • the access delay of the terminal can be used to allocate more random access resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the base station can preferentially process The random access request of the terminal in the RRC connected state, so as to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state from being unable to
  • the first random access resource includes a first PRACH channel resource, and n Preamble codes; the second random access resource includes a second PRACH channel resource, and the n Preambles a code, the first PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, the second PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the n is a positive integer.
  • the above design by assigning different PRACH channel resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, it is possible to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state from preempting the same PRACH channel resource and causing a collision. The problem.
  • the base station can adjust the PRACH channel resources allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state by adjusting the PRACH channel resources.
  • the ratio is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state. For example, the base station can allocate more PRACH channel resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, thereby improving the RRC connected state.
  • the access probability of the terminal which in turn can reduce the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the first random access resource includes r PRACH channel resources and a first Preamble code group; the second random access resource includes the r PRACH channel resources, and a second a Preamble code group, wherein the first Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, and the second Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the r being a positive integer.
  • the base station can adjust the ratio of the PRACH channel resources allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the base station can increase the number of terminals in the RRC connected state by using a Preamble code that is in a RRC connected state, thereby improving the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the access probability in turn, can reduce the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the first random access resource includes a third PRACH channel resource, and a third Preamble code group;
  • the second random access resource includes a fourth PRACH channel resource, and a fourth Preamble code.
  • a group wherein the third PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, the fourth PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the third Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the fourth Preamble The code group includes at least one Preamble code.
  • the base station can adjust the Preamble allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state by adjusting.
  • the ratio of the code, and adjusting the ratio of the PRACH channel resources allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state for example, The base station can increase the access probability of the terminal in the RRC connected state by using the Preamble code that is allocated to the RRC connected state, and the more the PRACH channel resources, thereby reducing the terminal in the RRC connected state. Access delay.
  • the terminal after the terminal sends a random access request to the network device, the terminal receives a random access response (RAR) sent by the network device, where the RAR message carries the first And a second back-off parameter, where the first back-off parameter is used to indicate a delay time for the terminal to re-initiate the random access procedure when in the RRC connection state, where the second back-off parameter is used to indicate The delay time for the terminal to re-initiate the random access procedure when in the RRC idle state. And when the terminal is in an RRC connected state, re-initiating a random access request to the network device based on the first backoff parameter.
  • RAR random access response
  • the base station can indicate different fallback parameters for the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, so that the base station can adjust the size of the backoff parameter of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • a shorter backoff parameter can be used for the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the random access request can be re-initiated more quickly. Therefore, the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state can be reduced.
  • the present application provides a random access method, where the method includes: a terminal sends a random access request to a network device, and receives a random access response RAR message sent by the network device, where the RAR message carries a first backoff parameter and a second backoff parameter, where the first backoff parameter is used to indicate a delay time for the terminal to re-initiate the random access procedure when in the RRC connection state, where the second backoff parameter is used The delay time for initiating the random access procedure when the terminal is in the RRC idle state is indicated. And when the terminal is in an RRC connected state, re-initiating a random access request to the network device based on the first backoff parameter.
  • the base station is configured to indicate different fallback parameters for the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, so that the base station can adjust the backoff parameter of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the size is used to adjust the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the terminal in the RRC connected state can use a shorter backoff parameter, so that the random access can be re-initiated more quickly. The request can thereby reduce the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the terminal receives the random access resource indication information sent by the network device, where the random access resource indication information is used to indicate the first random access, before sending the random access request to the network device.
  • Resources and second random access resources are used to indicate the first random access.
  • the terminal when the terminal is in a radio resource control RRC connected state, initiate a random access procedure to the network device based on the first random access resource.
  • RRC idle state when the terminal is in an RRC idle state, initiate a random access procedure to the network device based on the second random access resource.
  • the base station can adjust the random access allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the proportion of the resources is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the base station can allocate more random access resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the base station can preferentially process The random access request of the terminal in the RRC connected state, so as to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state from being unable to access normally due to the collision with the terminal in the RRC idle state during the random access, and reducing the RRC connected state.
  • the access delay of the terminal is separating the random access resources that can be used by the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the first random access resource includes a first PRACH channel resource, and n Preamble codes; the second random access resource includes a second PRACH channel resource, and the n Preambles a code, the first PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, the second PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the n is a positive integer.
  • the above design by assigning different PRACH channel resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, it is possible to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state from preempting the same PRACH channel resource and causing a collision. The problem.
  • the base station can adjust the PRACH channel resources allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state by adjusting the PRACH channel resources.
  • the ratio is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state. For example, the base station can allocate more PRACH channel resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, thereby improving the RRC connected state.
  • the access probability of the terminal which in turn can reduce the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the first random access resource includes r PRACH channel resources and a first Preamble code group; the second random access resource includes the r PRACH channel resources, and a second a Preamble code group, wherein the first Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, and the second Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the r being a positive integer.
  • the base station can adjust the ratio of the PRACH channel resources allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the base station can increase the number of terminals in the RRC connected state by using a Preamble code that is in a RRC connected state, thereby improving the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the access probability in turn, can reduce the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the first random access resource includes a third PRACH channel resource, and a third Preamble code group;
  • the second random access resource includes a fourth PRACH channel resource, and a fourth Preamble code.
  • a group wherein the third PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, the fourth PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the third Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the fourth Preamble The code group includes at least one Preamble code.
  • the base station can adjust the Preamble allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state by adjusting.
  • the ratio of the code, and adjusting the ratio of the PRACH channel resources allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state for example, The base station can increase the access probability of the terminal in the RRC connected state by using the Preamble code that is allocated to the RRC connected state, and the more the PRACH channel resources, thereby reducing the terminal in the RRC connected state. Access delay.
  • the present application provides a random access method, including: a network device sends random access resource indication information to a terminal, where the random access resource indication information is used to indicate a first random access resource and a a second random access resource, where the first random access resource is used for performing random access when the terminal is in a radio resource control RRC connected state, and the second random access resource is used for the terminal being in an RRC idle state Random access during state.
  • the network device receives the random access request initiated by the terminal according to the first random access resource when in the RRC connected state, or the network device receives the terminal based on the RRC idle state. A random access request initiated by the second random access resource.
  • the terminal in the RRC connected state has a transmission delay limitation when performing random access, so the base station can preferentially process the terminal random access request in the RRC connected state, and the terminal in the RRC connected state is in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the random access resources that can be used by the terminal in the RRC idle state are separated, and the problem that the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state preempt the same random access resource may be avoided. And, by separating the random access resources that can be used by the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, the base station can adjust the random access allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the proportion of the resources is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the base station can allocate more random access resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the base station can preferentially process The random access request of the terminal in the RRC connected state, so as to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state from being unable to access normally due to the collision with the terminal in the RRC idle state during the random access, and reducing the RRC connected state.
  • the access delay of the terminal is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the first random access resource includes a first PRACH channel resource, and n Preamble codes; the second random access resource includes a second PRACH channel resource, and the n Preambles a code, the first PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, the second PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the n is a positive integer.
  • the above design by assigning different PRACH channel resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, it is possible to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state from preempting the same PRACH channel resource and causing a collision. The problem.
  • the base station can adjust the PRACH channel resources allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state by adjusting the PRACH channel resources.
  • the ratio is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state. For example, the base station can allocate more PRACH channel resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, thereby improving the RRC connected state.
  • the access probability of the terminal which in turn can reduce the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the first random access resource includes r PRACH channel resources and a first Preamble code group; the second random access resource includes the r PRACH channel resources, and a second a Preamble code group, wherein the first Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, and the second Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the r being a positive integer.
  • the base station can adjust the ratio of the PRACH channel resources allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the base station can increase the number of terminals in the RRC connected state by using a Preamble code that is in a RRC connected state, thereby improving the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the access probability in turn, can reduce the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the first random access resource includes a third PRACH channel resource, and a third Preamble code group;
  • the second random access resource includes a fourth PRACH channel resource, and a fourth Preamble code.
  • a group wherein the third PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, the fourth PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the third Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the fourth Preamble The code group includes at least one Preamble code.
  • the base station can adjust the Preamble allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state by adjusting.
  • the ratio of the code, and adjusting the ratio of the PRACH channel resources allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state for example, The base station can increase the access probability of the terminal in the RRC connected state by using the Preamble code that is allocated to the RRC connected state, and the more the PRACH channel resources, thereby reducing the terminal in the RRC connected state. Access delay.
  • the network device after receiving the random access request initiated by the terminal, the network device sends a random access response (RAR) message to the terminal, where the RAR message carries the first backoff parameter and the second backoff parameter.
  • the first backoff parameter is used to indicate a delay time for the terminal to re-initiate the random access procedure when in the RRC connection state
  • the second backoff parameter is used to indicate that the terminal re-initiates the randomization when in the RRC idle state. The delay time of the access process.
  • the base station can indicate different fallback parameters for the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, so that the base station can adjust the size of the backoff parameter of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • a shorter backoff parameter can be used for the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the random access request can be re-initiated more quickly. Therefore, the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state can be reduced.
  • the present application provides a random access method, including: a network device receiving a random access request initiated by a terminal, and sending a random access response RAR message to the terminal, where the RAR message carries a first backoff And a second backoff parameter, where the first backoff parameter is used to indicate a delay time for the terminal to re-initiate the random access procedure when in the RRC connection state, where the second backoff parameter is used to indicate that the terminal is in the The delay time for re-initiating the random access procedure when in the RRC idle state.
  • the base station is configured to indicate different fallback parameters for the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, so that the base station can adjust the backoff parameter of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the size is used to adjust the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state. For example, the terminal in the RRC connected state can use a shorter backoff parameter, so that the random access can be re-initiated more quickly. The request can thereby reduce the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the network device sends the random access resource indication information to the terminal before receiving the random access request initiated by the terminal, where the random access resource indication information is used to indicate the first random access resource.
  • the second random access resource where the first random access resource is used for performing random access when the terminal is in a radio resource control RRC connected state, where the second random access resource is used by the terminal Random access is performed in the RRC idle state.
  • the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state can be prevented from preempting the same random access resource.
  • the problem that caused the conflict can be separated.
  • the base station can adjust the random access allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the proportion of the resources is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the base station can allocate more random access resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the base station can preferentially process The random access request of the terminal in the RRC connected state, so as to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state from being unable to access normally due to the collision with the terminal in the RRC idle state during the random access, and reducing the RRC connected state.
  • the access delay of the terminal can be used to allocate more random access resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the base station can preferentially process The random access request of the terminal in the RRC connected state, so as to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state from being unable to access normally due to the collision with the terminal in the RRC idle state during the random access, and reducing the RRC connected state.
  • the access delay of the terminal can be used to allocate more random access resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the base station can preferentially process The random access request of the terminal in the RRC connected state, so as to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state from being unable to
  • the first random access resource includes a first PRACH channel resource, and n Preamble codes; the second random access resource includes a second PRACH channel resource, and the n Preambles a code, the first PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, the second PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the n is a positive integer.
  • the above design by assigning different PRACH channel resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, it is possible to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state from preempting the same PRACH channel resource and causing a collision. The problem.
  • the base station can adjust the PRACH channel resources allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state by adjusting the PRACH channel resources.
  • the ratio is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state. For example, the base station can allocate more PRACH channel resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, thereby improving the RRC connected state.
  • the access probability of the terminal which in turn can reduce the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the first random access resource includes r PRACH channel resources and a first Preamble code group; the second random access resource includes the r PRACH channel resources, and a second a Preamble code group, wherein the first Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, and the second Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the r being a positive integer.
  • the base station can adjust the ratio of the PRACH channel resources allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the base station can increase the number of terminals in the RRC connected state by using a Preamble code that is in a RRC connected state, thereby improving the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the access probability in turn, can reduce the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • the first random access resource includes a third PRACH channel resource, and a third Preamble code group;
  • the second random access resource includes a fourth PRACH channel resource, and a fourth Preamble code.
  • a group wherein the third PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, the fourth PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the third Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the fourth Preamble The code group includes at least one Preamble code.
  • the base station can adjust the Preamble allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state by adjusting.
  • the ratio of the code, and adjusting the ratio of the PRACH channel resources allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state for example, The base station can increase the access probability of the terminal in the RRC connected state by using the Preamble code that is allocated to the RRC connected state, and the more the PRACH channel resources, thereby reducing the terminal in the RRC connected state. Access delay.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal, where the terminal includes: a receiving unit, configured to receive random access resource indication information sent by a network device, where the random access resource indication information is used to indicate A random access resource and a second random access resource. a sending unit, configured to initiate a random access procedure to the network device based on the first random access resource when in a radio resource control RRC connected state; or, when in an RRC idle state, based on the second random The access resource initiates a random access procedure to the network device.
  • a receiving unit configured to receive random access resource indication information sent by a network device, where the random access resource indication information is used to indicate A random access resource and a second random access resource.
  • a sending unit configured to initiate a random access procedure to the network device based on the first random access resource when in a radio resource control RRC connected state; or, when in an RRC idle state, based on the second random The access resource initiates a random access procedure to the network device.
  • the first random access resource includes a first PRACH channel resource, and n Preamble codes; the second random access resource includes a second PRACH channel resource, and the n Preambles a code, the first PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, the second PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the n is a positive integer.
  • the first random access resource includes r PRACH channel resources and a first Preamble code group;
  • the second random access resource includes the r PRACH channel resources, and a second a Preamble code group, wherein the first Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, and the second Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the r being a positive integer.
  • the first random access resource includes a third PRACH channel resource, and a third Preamble code group;
  • the second random access resource includes a fourth PRACH channel resource, and a fourth Preamble code.
  • a group wherein the third PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, the fourth PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the third Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the fourth Preamble The code group includes at least one Preamble code.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal, including: a sending unit, configured to send a random access request to a network device. a receiving unit, configured to receive a random access response RAR message sent by the network device, where the RAR message carries a first backoff parameter and a second backoff parameter, where the first backoff parameter is used to indicate that the terminal is in the wireless
  • the resource controls the delay time of the random access procedure when the RRC connection state is re-initiated, and the second backoff parameter is used to indicate a delay time for the terminal to re-initiate the random access procedure when in the RRC idle state.
  • the sending unit is further configured to: when in an RRC connected state, re-initiate a random access request to the network device based on the first backoff parameter; or, in an RRC idle state, based on the second fallback
  • the parameter re-initiates a random access request to the network device.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a network device, including: a sending unit, configured to send random access resource indication information to a terminal, where the random access resource indication information is used to indicate a first random connection And the second random access resource, where the first random access resource is used for random access when the terminal is in a radio resource control RRC connected state, and the second random access resource is used for the terminal Random access is performed while in the RRC idle state.
  • a receiving unit configured to receive a random access request initiated by the terminal according to the first random access resource when in an RRC connected state, or to receive, according to the second, when the terminal is in an RRC idle state Random access request initiated by random access resources.
  • the first random access resource includes a first PRACH channel resource, and n Preamble codes; the second random access resource includes a second PRACH channel resource, and the n Preambles a code, the first PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, the second PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the n is a positive integer.
  • the first random access resource includes r PRACH channel resources and a first Preamble code group;
  • the second random access resource includes the r PRACH channel resources, and a second a Preamble code group, wherein the first Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, and the second Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the r being a positive integer.
  • the first random access resource includes a third PRACH channel resource, and a third Preamble code group;
  • the second random access resource includes a fourth PRACH channel resource, and a fourth Preamble code.
  • a group wherein the third PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, the fourth PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the third Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the fourth Preamble The code group includes at least one Preamble code.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a network device, including: a receiving unit, configured to receive a random access request initiated by a terminal. a sending unit, configured to send a random access response RAR message to the terminal, where the RAR message carries a first backoff parameter and a second backoff parameter, where the first backoff parameter is used to indicate that the terminal is in radio resource control
  • the RRC connection state re-initiates the delay time of the random access procedure, where the second backoff parameter is used to indicate the delay time for the terminal to re-initiate the random access procedure when in the RRC idle state.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive a random access request that is re-initiated based on the first backoff parameter when the terminal is in an RRC connected state, or is further configured to receive, when the terminal is in an RRC idle state, based on The second backoff parameter re-initiates a random access request.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal device, where the terminal device includes a processor and a memory, where the memory is used to store a software program, and the processor is configured to read a software program stored in the memory and The method of any one of the first aspect or the first aspect described above, or the second aspect or any one of the above second aspects.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a base station, where the base station includes a processor and a memory, where the memory is used to store a software program, and the processor is configured to read a software program stored in the memory and implement the first
  • the base station includes a processor and a memory
  • the memory is used to store a software program
  • the processor is configured to read a software program stored in the memory and implement the first
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium, where the software program stores a software program, and the software program can implement the first aspect or the foregoing when read and executed by one or more processors.
  • the software program stores a software program
  • the software program can implement the first aspect or the foregoing when read and executed by one or more processors.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions, when executed on a computer, causing a computer to perform the method described in any one of the above first aspect or the first aspect, Or the second aspect or any one of the above second aspects, or the third aspect or any one of the foregoing third aspects, or the method provided by any one of the fourth aspect or the fourth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a random access procedure of an NB-IoT system according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an Msg2 message according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of allocating random access resources in an NB-IoT system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of allocation of random access resources in a 230 MHz IoT system according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a 230 MHz IoT system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a random access method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of allocating random access resources according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another method for allocating random access resources according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another method for allocating random access resources according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another random access method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an Msg2 message according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another random access method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the network architecture and the service scenario described in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.
  • the 230MHz IoT is a spectrum of the power system with a frequency range of 223MHz to 235MHz and a total bandwidth of 12MHz.
  • the 230MHz IoT technology is mainly based on the narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) technology of the 3GPP R14 protocol. Therefore, the 230MHz IoT can use the same random access method as the NB-IoT.
  • the terminal initiates a random access procedure to the base station as shown in Figure 1:
  • the base station broadcasts a system message, where the system message is used to indicate a physical random access channel (PRACH) channel resource and a preamble index (Preamble Index) used by the terminal to initiate a random access procedure.
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • Preamble Index preamble index
  • the terminal After receiving the system message broadcast by the base station, the terminal selects a PRACH channel resource for sending a random access request (Msg1), and sends Msg1 in the PRACH channel resource, where the Msg1 carries the Preamble code corresponding to the PRACH channel resource. .
  • Msg1 random access request
  • the base station After receiving the Msg1 sent by the terminal, the base station sends a random access response (RAR), that is, Msg2, to the terminal.
  • RAR random access response
  • the content carried by the Msg2 includes: a backoff parameter, a preamble code identifier (RAPID) corresponding to the Msg1, an uplink transmission timing advance amount, an uplink resource allocated for the Msg3, and a temporary cell of the cell wireless network (temporary cell)
  • RAPID preamble code identifier
  • the information such as the radio network temporary identifier (TC-RNTI), where the backoff parameter is used to indicate the maximum delay of the next time the terminal initiates random access if the random access fails.
  • TC-RNTI radio network temporary identifier
  • Msg2 may include Preamble code identifiers sent by multiple different UEs, and respond to random access requests of multiple UEs.
  • the structure of Msg2, as shown in FIG. 2, Msg2 carries at most one subheader containing a BI field, where the BI field indicates the backoff parameter that the terminal needs to use to initiate random access next time.
  • step S104 After receiving the Msg2, the terminal detects whether the Preamble code identifier sent by the Msg2 is carried; if yes, step S105 is performed; if no, step S106 is performed.
  • the terminal sends the Msg3 to the base station in the uplink resource allocated by the base station, and performs the first scheduled transmission.
  • the terminal determines, according to the backoff parameter, a moment when the random access is initiated next, and selects a random access resource to initiate a next random access. After the number of random access attempts by the terminal reaches the maximum number of random accesses, the media access control (MAC) layer of the terminal reports a random access problem to the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, indicating random access. Failure failed.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • NB-IoT supports up to four coverage levels in a scenario that supports one physical resource block (PRB). Different coverage levels occupy multiple different 3.75KHz subcarriers, and each 3.75KHz subcarrier corresponds to a unique one.
  • PRB physical resource block
  • the preamble index is shown in Figure 3.
  • the random access resource in the NB-IoT includes a plurality of different 3.75 KHz subcarriers. Therefore, when the terminal initiates a random access procedure to the base station, the terminal selects a subcarrier for transmitting the Msg1 in the random access resource.
  • the bandwidth of each subcarrier in the 230 MHz IoT is 25 KHz, and each 25 KHz subcarrier corresponds to a plurality of different preamble indexes.
  • the random access resources in the 230MHz IoT are divided into two dimensions, one-dimensional is the preamble index, and one-dimensional is the 25KHz sub-carrier.
  • the terminal selects the random access resource when initiating the random access procedure to the base station. It is used to transmit the PRACH subcarrier of Msg1, and select one preamble code among the plurality of preamble codes. Therefore, the 230MHz IoT system cannot simply adopt the random access method of the NB-IoT system.
  • the terminal After the terminal successfully accesses the base station, it is always in the RRC connected state. Even if the terminal does not have communication service, the core network and the base station will not actively release the RRC connection of the terminal. It can be seen from the random access procedure shown in FIG. 1 that in the NB-IoT system, the same random access resource is used for both the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, and the same backoff parameter is used. . However, the terminal in the RRC connected state may have uplink and downlink data to be transmitted at any time. For uplink data, the terminal may not have uplink resources for transmitting uplink data. Therefore, the base station needs to perform uplink grant through random access, and is in an RRC connection.
  • the application layer of the terminal has a data transmission delay limitation. It is desirable that the terminal in the RRC connected state can complete the data transmission as soon as possible. Therefore, the delay of the random access of the terminal in the RRC connected state is as short as possible. Therefore, through the random access procedure of the NB-IoT system, the terminal in the RRC idle state and the terminal in the RRC connected state preempt the same random access resource in the random access process, causing a collision, thereby causing random connection of the connected terminal. The delay is extended. In the 230 MHz IoT system, the terminal in the RRC idle state and the terminal in the RRC connected state need to support the separate configuration of the access resource mode to control the collision probability, and the existing NB-IoT random access method cannot meet the requirement.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a random access method and device, which is used to solve the problem that a terminal in an RRC idle state and a terminal in an RRC connected state preempt the same random access resource in a random access process, thereby causing a collision. problem.
  • the method and the device are based on the same inventive concept. Since the principles of the method and the device for solving the problem are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and the repeated description is not repeated.
  • the random access method provided by the present application can be applied to a 230 MHz IoT system.
  • the architecture of the IoT system is shown in FIG. 5, which includes a terminal device, a base station, and an evolved packet core (EPC), and performs uplink channel transmission and downlink channel transmission between the base station and the terminal device.
  • EPC evolved packet core
  • the base station in the 230 MHz IoT system may be a common base station (such as a Node B or an eNB), may be a new radio controller (NR controller), or may be a gNode B (gNB) in a 5G system.
  • the centralized unit which may be a new wireless base station, may be a radio remote module, may be a micro base station, may be a relay, may be a distributed network element, or may be a receiving unit.
  • a terminal device also known as a user equipment (UE) is a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to a terminal device, for example, a handheld device with a wireless connection function, an in-vehicle device, and the like.
  • UE user equipment
  • Common terminals include, for example, mobile phones, tablets, notebook computers, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices such as smart watches, smart bracelets, pedometers, and the like.
  • Multiple means two or more.
  • the terminal in the RRC idle state and the terminal in the RRC connected state preempt the same random access resources in the random access process, causing a collision. Therefore, in the 230 MHz IoT, the random access resources that can be used by the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state can be separated, so that the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state can be prevented from preempting the same random access.
  • the problem of conflict caused by resources Referring to FIG. 6, a flowchart of a random access method provided by the present application is provided. The method can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 5, the method comprising:
  • the network device sends random access resource indication information to the terminal, where the random access resource indication information is used to indicate the first random access resource and the second random access resource.
  • the first random access resource is used to perform random access when the terminal is in the RRC connection state
  • the second random access resource is used to perform random access when the terminal is in the RRC idle state.
  • the allocation scheme of the first random access resource and the second random access resource may be any one of the following solutions:
  • the first random access resource includes a first PRACH channel resource and n Preamble codes; the second random access resource includes a second PRACH channel resource, and the n Preamble codes, where a PRACH channel resource includes m PRACH channel resources, the second PRACH channel resource includes t PRACH channel resources, and the m, n, and t are all positive integers, wherein the m PRACH channel resources and the t
  • the PRACH channel resources may have the same frequency domain location occupied by the partial PRACH channel resources, or the frequency positions of the m PRACH channel resources and the t PRACH channel resources are different, or the m PRACHs
  • the channel resources are exactly the same as the frequency domain positions occupied by the t-PRACH channel resources, and are not specifically limited herein. For example, the manner in which the frequency of the m PRACH channel resources and the t-th PRACH channel resources are different is different. The manner of allocating the random access resources may be as shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the first random access resource includes r PRACH channel resources and p Preamble codes; the second random access resource includes the r PRACH channel resources, and q Preamble codes, where The p Preamble codes are different from the q Preamble codes, wherein the r, p, and q are positive integers, the first random access resource includes r PRACH channel resources, and a first Preamble code group; the second random The access resource includes the r PRACH channel resources and a second Preamble code group, the first Preamble code group includes p Preamble codes, and the second Preamble code group includes q Preamble codes, the r, p And q are positive integers, wherein the p Preamble codes are the same as the partial Preamble codes of the q Preamble codes, or the p Preamble codes are identical to the q Preamble codes, or The p Preamble codes are different from the q Preamble codes, and the embodiment of the present application is not specifically limited herein.
  • the first random access resource includes i PRACH channel resources and h Preamble codes; the second random access resource includes j PRACH channel resources, and k Preamble codes, where the i The frequency of the PRACH channel resource and the frequency of the j PRACH channel resources are different, the h Preamble codes are different from the k Preamble codes, and the i, j, h, and k are positive integers.
  • the access resource includes a third PRACH channel resource and a third Preamble code group; the second random access resource includes a fourth PRACH channel resource, and a fourth Preamble code group, where the third PRACH channel resource includes i PRACHs a channel resource, the fourth PRACH channel resource includes j PRACH channel resources, the third Preamble code group includes h Preamble codes, and the fourth Preamble code group includes k Preamble codes, the i, j, h And k are positive integers, wherein the i PRACH channel resources and the j PRACH channel resources may have the same frequency domain location occupied by part of the PRACH channel resources, or the i PRACH channel resources and the j Frequency domain location occupied by PRACH channel resources Are not the same, or, the i-th PRACH channel resources to the j-th channel resources occupied by the PRACH frequency domain location are the same, embodiments of the present application is not specifically limited herein.
  • the h Preamble codes are the same as the partial Preamble codes of the k Preamble codes, or the h Preamble codes are identical to the k Preamble codes, or the h Preamble codes and the k
  • the preamble codes are different, and the embodiments of the present application are not specifically limited herein.
  • the frequency domain positions occupied by the i PRACH channel resources and the j PRACH channel resources are different, and the h Preamble codes and the k Preamble codes are different, and the random access resources are allocated. The way can be as shown in Figure 9.
  • the terminal receives the random access resource indication information sent by the network device, and selects a PRACH channel resource used to send the Msg1 and a Preamble code. Specifically, the terminal selects a PRACH channel resource for transmitting Msg1 and a Preamble code in the first random access resource when the terminal is in the RRC connected state, or the second random access when the terminal is in the RRC idle state. Among the resources, a PRACH channel resource for transmitting Msg1 and a Preamble code are selected.
  • the terminal sends Msg1 on the selected PRACH channel resource, where the Msg1 carries the Preamble code selected by the terminal.
  • the network device receives the Msg1 sent by the terminal, and sends the Msg2 to the terminal.
  • step S605 After receiving the Msg2, the terminal detects whether the Preamble code identifier sent by the Msg2 carries the message; if yes, step S606 is performed; if no, step S607 is performed.
  • the terminal performs the first scheduled transmission to the network device Msg3 in the uplink resource allocated by the network device.
  • the terminal determines, according to the backoff parameter, a time when the random access is initiated next, and selects to send the random access resource to initiate the next random access.
  • the terminal in the RRC connected state has a transmission delay limitation when performing random access, so the base station can preferentially process the terminal random access request in the RRC connected state, and the terminal in the RRC connected state is in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the random access resources that can be used by the terminal in the RRC idle state are separated, and the problem that the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state preempt the same random access resource may be avoided. And, by separating the random access resources that can be used by the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, the base station can adjust the random access allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the proportion of the resources is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the base station can allocate more random access resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the base station can preferentially process The random access request of the terminal in the RRC connected state, so as to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state from being unable to access normally due to the collision with the terminal in the RRC idle state during the random access, and reducing the RRC connected state.
  • the access delay of the terminal is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • Msg2 carries at most one sub-header containing the BI field, where the BI field indicates the backoff parameter that the terminal needs to use for the next random access, and the terminal in the RRC idle state and the terminal in the RRC connected state are randomly.
  • the same backoff parameter is used in the access process.
  • the RRC idle state terminal and the RRC connected state terminal in the 230 MHz IoT have different access delay requirements, and different backoff parameters can be used for the terminal in the RRC idle state and the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the RRC idle state can be separately controlled in the RRC.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of another random access method provided by the present application. The method can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 5, the method comprising:
  • the network device sends the random access resource indication information to the terminal, where the random access resource indication information is used to indicate the PRACH channel resource and the Preamble code used by the terminal to initiate the random access procedure.
  • the terminal receives the random access resource indication information sent by the network device, and selects a PRACH channel resource and a Preamble code for transmitting the Msg1 in the PRACH channel resource and the Preamble code indicated by the random access resource indication information.
  • S1003 The terminal sends Msg1 on the selected PRACH channel resource, where the Msg1 carries the Preamble code selected by the terminal.
  • the network device receives the Msg1 sent by the terminal, and sends the Msg2 to the terminal.
  • the Msg2 carries a first backoff parameter and a second backoff parameter, where the first backoff parameter is used to indicate a delay time for the terminal to re-initiate the random access procedure when in the RRC connected state, where the second backoff The parameter is used to indicate a delay time for the terminal to re-initiate the random access procedure when in the RRC idle state.
  • Msg2 may carry two sub-headers containing a BI field, and a BI field in a sub-header containing a BI field indicates a first back-off parameter, the BT field in the prefix indicates RRC connected state, and the other contains BI.
  • the BI field in the subheader of the field indicates a second backoff parameter, the BT field in the prefix indicates the RRC idle state, and the structure of Msg2 may be as shown in FIG.
  • step S1005 The terminal receives the Msg3 sent by the network device, and detects whether the Preamble code identifier sent by the Msg2 is carried. If yes, step S1006 is performed; if no, step S1007 is performed.
  • the terminal transmits Msg3 in the uplink resource allocated by the base station, and performs the first scheduled transmission.
  • S1007 When the terminal is in the RRC connected state, determine, according to the first backoff parameter, a moment when the random access is initiated, and select to send the random access resource to initiate the next random access. Alternatively, the terminal determines, according to the second backoff parameter, the moment when the random access is initiated, when the RRC idle state is in the RRC idle state, and selects to send the random access resource to initiate the next random access.
  • the base station is configured to indicate different fallback parameters for the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, so that the base station can adjust the backoff parameter of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the size is used to adjust the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the terminal in the RRC connected state can use a shorter backoff parameter, so that the random access can be re-initiated more quickly. The request can thereby reduce the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state.
  • FIG. 12 it is a flowchart of another random access method provided by the present application.
  • the method can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 5, the method comprising:
  • the network device sends random access resource indication information to the terminal, where the random access resource indication information is used to indicate the first random access resource and the second random access resource.
  • the first random access resource is used to perform random access when the terminal is in the RRC connection state
  • the second random access resource is used to perform random access when the terminal is in the RRC idle state.
  • the allocation scheme of the first random access resource and the second random access resource may be any one of the first to third embodiments in the random access method shown in FIG. 6.
  • the terminal receives the random access resource indication information sent by the network device, and selects a PRACH channel resource and a Preamble code used to send the Msg1. Specifically, the terminal selects a PRACH channel resource for transmitting Msg1 and a Preamble code in the first random access resource when the terminal is in the RRC connected state, or the second random access when the terminal is in the RRC idle state. Among the resources, a PRACH channel resource for transmitting Msg1 and a Preamble code are selected.
  • S1203 The terminal sends Msg1 on the selected PRACH channel resource, where the Msg1 carries the Preamble code selected by the terminal.
  • the network device receives the Msg1 sent by the terminal, and sends the Msg2 to the terminal.
  • the Msg2 carries a first backoff parameter and a second backoff parameter, where the first backoff parameter is used to indicate a delay time for the terminal to re-initiate the random access procedure when in the RRC connected state, where the second backoff The parameter is used to indicate a delay time for the terminal to re-initiate the random access procedure when in the RRC idle state.
  • Msg2 carries two sub-headers containing a BI field, and a BI field in a sub-header containing a BI field indicates a first back-off parameter, the BT field in the prefix indicates an RRC connected state, and the other contains a BI field.
  • the BI field in the subheader indicates a second backoff parameter, the BT field in the header indicates the RRC idle state, and the structure of Msg2 may be as shown in FIG.
  • step S1205 The terminal receives the Msg3 sent by the network device, and detects whether the Msg2 carries the Preamble code identifier sent by the terminal. If yes, step S1206 is performed; if no, step S1207 is performed.
  • S1206 The terminal transmits Msg3 in the uplink resource allocated by the base station, and performs the first scheduled transmission.
  • S1207 When the terminal is in the RRC connected state, determine, according to the first backoff parameter, a moment when the random access is initiated, and select to send the random access resource to initiate the next random access. Alternatively, the terminal determines, according to the second backoff parameter, the moment when the random access is initiated, when the RRC idle state is in the RRC idle state, and selects to send the random access resource to initiate the next random access.
  • the terminal in the RRC connected state has the transmission delay limitation when performing the random access, so the base station can preferentially process the connected terminal random access request.
  • the terminal in the RRC connected state is in the RRC idle state.
  • the random access resources that can be used by the terminal are separated, which can avoid the problem that the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state preempt the same random access resource and cause conflict.
  • the base station can adjust the random access allocated to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the proportion of the resources is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the base station can allocate more random access resources to the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the base station can preferentially process The random access request of the terminal in the RRC connected state, so as to prevent the terminal in the RRC connected state from being unable to access normally due to the collision with the terminal in the RRC idle state during the random access, and reducing the RRC connected state.
  • the access delay of the terminal is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the base station can indicate different backoff parameters to the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state, so that the base station can adjust the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • the size of the backoff parameter is used to adjust the access priority of the terminal in the RRC connected state and the terminal in the RRC idle state.
  • a terminal in the RRC connected state can use a shorter backoff parameter, so that the base station can preferentially process the The random access request of the terminal in the RRC connected state, so that the access delay of the terminal in the RRC connected state can be reduced.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, specifically for implementing the method described in the embodiments of FIG. 6 to FIG. 12, the structure of the device is as shown in FIG. 13, and the receiving unit 1301 is provided. And receiving, by the network device, random access resource indication information, where the random access resource indication information is used to indicate the first random access resource and the second random access resource.
  • the sending unit 1302 is configured to initiate a random access procedure to the network device based on the first random access resource when in a radio resource control RRC connected state; or, when in an RRC idle state, based on the second
  • the random access resource initiates a random access procedure to the network device.
  • the first random access resource includes a first PRACH channel resource, and n Preamble codes;
  • the second random access resource includes a second PRACH channel resource, and the n a Preamble code,
  • the first PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource,
  • the second PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the n is a positive integer.
  • the first random access resource includes r PRACH channel resources, and a first Preamble code group;
  • the second random access resource includes the r PRACH channel resources, and a second Preamble code group, wherein the first Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the second Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, and the r is a positive integer.
  • the first random access resource includes a third PRACH channel resource, and a third Preamble code group
  • the second random access resource includes a fourth PRACH channel resource, and a fourth a Preamble code group
  • the third PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource
  • the fourth PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource
  • the third Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code
  • the The four Preamble code groups include at least one Preamble code.
  • the sending unit 1302 is further configured to send a random access request to the network device.
  • the receiving unit 1301 is further configured to receive a random access response RAR message sent by the network device, where the RAR message carries a first backoff parameter and a second backoff parameter, where the first backoff parameter is used to indicate that the terminal is in The delay time of the random access procedure is re-initiated when the RRC connection state is in the radio resource control, and the second backoff parameter is used to indicate a delay time for the terminal to re-initiate the random access procedure when in the RRC idle state.
  • the sending unit 1302 is further configured to: when in an RRC connected state, re-initiate a random access request to the network device based on the first backoff parameter; or, in an RRC idle state, based on the second back
  • the fallback parameter re-initiates a random access request to the network device.
  • each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing. In the device, it can also be physically existed alone, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules.
  • the terminal device may include the processor 1402.
  • the hardware of the entity corresponding to the above module may be the processor 1402.
  • the processor 1402 can be a central processing unit (CPU), or a digital processing module or the like.
  • the terminal device may further include a transceiver 1401, and the processor 1402 performs data transmission and reception with the base station through the transceiver 1401.
  • the apparatus also includes a memory 1403 for storing a program executed by the processor 1402.
  • the memory 1403 may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or a volatile memory such as a random access memory (random). -access memory, RAM).
  • Memory 1403 is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the processor 1402 is configured to execute the program code stored in the memory 1403, specifically for performing any one of the methods described in the embodiment shown in FIG. For the methods described in the embodiments shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 12, the application will not be repeated herein.
  • connection medium between the above transceiver 1401, the processor 1402, and the memory 1403 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 1403, the processor 1402, and the transceiver 1401 are connected by a bus 1404 in FIG. 14.
  • the bus is indicated by a thick line in FIG. 14, and the connection manner between other components is only schematically illustrated. , not limited to.
  • the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in Figure 14, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a chip, where the chip includes the foregoing transceiver and the foregoing processor, and is configured to support the first relay device to implement any one of the methods described in the embodiments shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. .
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium for storing computer software instructions required to execute the foregoing processor, which includes a program for executing the above-mentioned processor.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a network device, specifically for implementing the method described in the embodiments described in FIG. 6 to FIG. 12, the structure of the device is as shown in FIG. 1501, configured to send random access resource indication information to the terminal, where the random access resource indication information is used to indicate a first random access resource and a second random access resource, where the first random access resource is used by And performing random access when the terminal is in a radio resource control RRC connected state, where the second random access resource is used for performing random access when the terminal is in an RRC idle state.
  • the receiving unit 1502 is configured to receive a random access request initiated by the terminal according to the first random access resource when in an RRC connected state, or to receive, when the terminal is in an RRC idle state, based on the foregoing A random access request initiated by a random access resource.
  • the first random access resource includes a first PRACH channel resource, and n Preamble codes;
  • the second random access resource includes a second PRACH channel resource, and the n a Preamble code,
  • the first PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource,
  • the second PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource, and the n is a positive integer.
  • the first random access resource includes r PRACH channel resources, and a first Preamble code group;
  • the second random access resource includes the r PRACH channel resources, and a second Preamble code group, wherein the first Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, the second Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code, and the r is a positive integer.
  • the first random access resource includes a third PRACH channel resource, and a third Preamble code group
  • the second random access resource includes a fourth PRACH channel resource, and a fourth a Preamble code group
  • the third PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource
  • the fourth PRACH channel resource includes at least one PRACH channel resource
  • the third Preamble code group includes at least one Preamble code
  • the The four Preamble code groups include at least one Preamble code.
  • the receiving unit 1502 is further configured to receive a random access request initiated by the terminal.
  • the sending unit 1501 is further configured to send a random access response RAR message to the terminal, where the RAR message carries a first backoff parameter and a second backoff parameter, where the first backoff parameter is used to indicate that the terminal is in the wireless
  • the resource controls the delay time of the random access procedure when the RRC connection state is re-initiated, and the second backoff parameter is used to indicate a delay time for the terminal to re-initiate the random access procedure when in the RRC idle state.
  • the receiving unit 1502 is further configured to receive a random access request that is re-initiated based on the first backoff parameter when the terminal is in an RRC connected state, or is further configured to receive, when the terminal is in an RRC idle state, A random access request re-initiated based on the second backoff parameter.
  • each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing. In the device, it can also be physically existed alone, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules.
  • the base station may include the processor 1602.
  • the hardware of the entity corresponding to the above module may be the processor 1602.
  • the processor 1602 can be a CPU, or a digital processing module or the like.
  • the base station may further include a transceiver 1601, and the processor 1602 performs data transmission and reception with the terminal device through the transceiver 1601.
  • the apparatus also includes a memory 1603 for storing a program executed by the processor 1602.
  • the memory 1603 may be a non-volatile memory such as an HDD or an SSD or the like, or may be a volatile memory such as a RAM.
  • Memory 1603 is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the processor 1602 is configured to execute the program code stored in the memory 1603, specifically for performing any of the methods described in the embodiments shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. For the methods described in the embodiments shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5, the application is not described herein again.
  • connection medium between the above transceiver 1601, the processor 1602, and the memory 1603 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 1603, the processor 1602, and the transceiver 1601 are connected by a bus 1604 in FIG. 16.
  • the bus is shown by a thick line in FIG. 16, and the connection manner between other components is only schematically illustrated. , not limited to.
  • the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in Figure 16, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a chip, where the chip includes the foregoing transceiver and the foregoing processor, and is configured to support the first relay device to implement any one of the methods described in the embodiments shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. .
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium for storing computer software instructions required to execute the foregoing processor, which includes a program for executing the above-mentioned processor.
  • embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product.
  • the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination of software and hardware.
  • the application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

一种随机接入方法及装置，用于解决处于RRC空闲态的终端与处于RRC连接态的终端在随机接入过程中抢占基站的随机接入资源而造成冲突的问题。所述方法包括：终端接收网络设备发送的随机接入资源指示信息，其中，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源。当所述终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时，基于所述第一随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程。当所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时，基于所述第二随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程。

Description

一种随机接入方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种随机接入方法及装置。
背景技术
随着移动互联网和物联网(internet of things，IoT)产业的发展，越来越多的移动终端相互连接并分享更加丰富的数据，在电力系统中，同样也存在越来越多的终端需要无线通信。230MHz IoT即电力系统中频率范围为223MHz～235MHz，共12MHz带宽的频谱。230MHz IoT技术主要基于3GPP R14协议的窄带物联网(narrow band internet of things，NB-IoT)技术。
在NB-IoT系统中，终端在向基站发起随机接入请求之前，基站广播系统消息，系统消息中包括终端发起随机接入过程所使用的物理随机接入信道(Physical Random Access Channel，PRACH)信道资源和前导码(Preamble)。终端在接收到基站广播的系统消息后，选择Preamble码，然后基于选择的Preamble码向基站发起随机接入过程。终端的RRC状态包括无线资源控制(Radio Resource Control，RRC)连接态以及RRC空闲态，处于RRC连接态的终端随时都可能有上下行数据需要发送，对于上行数据，该终端可能没有上行资源用于发送上行数据，因此需要通过随机接入请求基站进行上行授权，并且处于RRC连接态的终端的应用层有数据传输时延限制，希望处于RRC连接态的终端能尽快完成数据传输，因此处于RRC连接态的终端随机接入的时延尽量短。而在NB-IoT系统中，处于RRC空闲态的终端与处于RRC连接态的终端在随机接入过程中抢占基站的随机接入资源而造成冲突，从而导致连接态终端随机接入时延延长。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种随机接入方法及装置，用于解决处于RRC空闲态的终端与处于RRC连接态的终端在随机接入过程中抢占基站的随机接入资源而造成冲突的问题。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种随机接入方法，所述方法包括：终端接收网络设备发送的随机接入资源指示信息，其中，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源。当所述终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时，基于所述第一随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程。当所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时，基于所述第二随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程。由于处于RRC连接态的终端在进行随机接入时有传输时延限制，因此基站可以优先处理处于RRC连接态的终端随机接入请求，本申请实施例中通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的随机接入资源分开，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端抢占同样的随机接入资源而造成冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的随机接入资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的随机接入资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端较多的随机接入资源，使得基站可以优先处理处于RRC连接态的终端的随机接 入请求，从而可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端在随机接入时，由于与处于RRC空闲态的终端冲突而无法正常接入的问题，降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一PRACH信道资源、和n个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括第二PRACH信道资源、和所述n个Preamble码，所述第一PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第二PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述n为正整数。上述设计中，通过为处于RRC连接态的终端与处于RRC空闲态的终端分配不同的PRACH信道资源，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端抢占同样的PRACH信道资源而造成冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的PRACH信道资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的PRACH信道资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端较多的PRACH信道资源，从而可以提高处于RRC连接态的终端的接入概率，进而就可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和第一Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和第二Preamble码组，其中，所述第一Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第二Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述r为正整数。上述设计中，通过为处于RRC连接态的终端与处于RRC空闲态的终端分配不同的Preamble码，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端在随机接入时冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的Preamble码分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的PRACH信道资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端数量较多的Preamble码，从而可以提高处于RRC连接态的终端的接入概率，进而就可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第三PRACH信道资源、和第三Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括第四PRACH信道资源、和第四Preamble码组，其中，所述第三PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第四PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第三Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第四Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码。上述设计中，通过为处于RRC连接态的终端与处于RRC空闲态的终端分配不同的Preamble码以及不同的PRACH信道资源，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端在随机接入时冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的Preamble码以及PRACH信道资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的Preamble码的比例，以及调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的PRACH信道资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端数量较多的Preamble码，以及更多的PRACH信道资源，从而可以提高处于RRC连接态的终端的接入概率，进而就可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，所述终端在向所述网络设备发送随机接入请求之后，接收所述 网络设备发送的随机接入响应(random access response，RAR)，所述RAR消息携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间。当所述终端在处于RRC连接态时，基于所述第一回退参数向所述网络设备重新发起随机接入请求。当所述终端在RRC空闲态时，基于所述第二回退参数向所述网络设备重新发起随机接入请求。上述设计中，通过基站对处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端指示不同的回退参数，从而基站可以调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的回退参数的大小来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入时延，例如，对于处于RRC连接态的终端可以使用较短的回退参数，从而可以更快的重新发起随机接入请求，从而可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种随机接入方法，所述方法包括：终端向网络设备发送随机接入请求，并接收所述网络设备发送的随机接入响应RAR消息，所述RAR消息携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间。当所述终端在处于RRC连接态时，基于所述第一回退参数向所述网络设备重新发起随机接入请求。当所述终端在RRC空闲态时，基于所述第二回退参数向所述网络设备重新发起随机接入请求。本申请实施例中通过基站对处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端指示不同的回退参数，从而基站可以调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的回退参数的大小来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入时延，例如，对于处于RRC连接态的终端可以使用较短的回退参数，从而可以更快的重新发起随机接入请求，从而可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，终端在向网络设备发送随机接入请求之前，接收网络设备发送的随机接入资源指示信息，其中，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源。当所述终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时，基于所述第一随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程。当所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时，基于所述第二随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程。上述设计中，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的随机接入资源分开，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端抢占同样的随机接入资源而造成冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的随机接入资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的随机接入资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端较多的随机接入资源，使得基站可以优先处理处于RRC连接态的终端的随机接入请求，从而可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端在随机接入时，由于与处于RRC空闲态的终端冲突而无法正常接入的问题，降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一PRACH信道资源、和n个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括第二PRACH信道资源、和所述n个Preamble码，所述第一PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第二PRACH信道资源 包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述n为正整数。上述设计中，通过为处于RRC连接态的终端与处于RRC空闲态的终端分配不同的PRACH信道资源，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端抢占同样的PRACH信道资源而造成冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的PRACH信道资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的PRACH信道资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端较多的PRACH信道资源，从而可以提高处于RRC连接态的终端的接入概率，进而就可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和第一Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和第二Preamble码组，其中，所述第一Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第二Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述r为正整数。上述设计中，通过为处于RRC连接态的终端与处于RRC空闲态的终端分配不同的Preamble码，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端在随机接入时冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的Preamble码分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的PRACH信道资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端数量较多的Preamble码，从而可以提高处于RRC连接态的终端的接入概率，进而就可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第三PRACH信道资源、和第三Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括第四PRACH信道资源、和第四Preamble码组，其中，所述第三PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第四PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第三Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第四Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码。上述设计中，通过为处于RRC连接态的终端与处于RRC空闲态的终端分配不同的Preamble码以及不同的PRACH信道资源，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端在随机接入时冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的Preamble码以及PRACH信道资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的Preamble码的比例，以及调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的PRACH信道资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端数量较多的Preamble码，以及更多的PRACH信道资源，从而可以提高处于RRC连接态的终端的接入概率，进而就可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种随机接入方法，包括：网络设备向终端发送随机接入资源指示信息，其中，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源，所述第一随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时进行随机接入，所述第二随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时进行随机接入。之后，所述网络设备接收所述终端在处于RRC连接态时基于所述第一随机接入资源发起的随机接入请求；或者，所述网络设备接收所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于所述第二随机接 入资源发起的随机接入请求。由于处于RRC连接态的终端在进行随机接入时有传输时延限制，因此基站可以优先处理处于RRC连接态的终端随机接入请求，本申请实施例中通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的随机接入资源分开，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端抢占同样的随机接入资源而造成冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的随机接入资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的随机接入资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端较多的随机接入资源，使得基站可以优先处理处于RRC连接态的终端的随机接入请求，从而可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端在随机接入时，由于与处于RRC空闲态的终端冲突而无法正常接入的问题，降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一PRACH信道资源、和n个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括第二PRACH信道资源、和所述n个Preamble码，所述第一PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第二PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述n为正整数。上述设计中，通过为处于RRC连接态的终端与处于RRC空闲态的终端分配不同的PRACH信道资源，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端抢占同样的PRACH信道资源而造成冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的PRACH信道资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的PRACH信道资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端较多的PRACH信道资源，从而可以提高处于RRC连接态的终端的接入概率，进而就可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和第一Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和第二Preamble码组，其中，所述第一Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第二Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述r为正整数。上述设计中，通过为处于RRC连接态的终端与处于RRC空闲态的终端分配不同的Preamble码，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端在随机接入时冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的Preamble码分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的PRACH信道资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端数量较多的Preamble码，从而可以提高处于RRC连接态的终端的接入概率，进而就可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第三PRACH信道资源、和第三Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括第四PRACH信道资源、和第四Preamble码组，其中，所述第三PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第四PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第三Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第四Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码。上述设计中，通过为处于RRC连接态的终端与处于RRC空闲态的终端分配不同的Preamble码以及不同的PRACH信道资 源，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端在随机接入时冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的Preamble码以及PRACH信道资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的Preamble码的比例，以及调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的PRACH信道资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端数量较多的Preamble码，以及更多的PRACH信道资源，从而可以提高处于RRC连接态的终端的接入概率，进而就可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，网络设备在接收终端发起的随机接入请求之后，向所述终端发送随机接入响应RAR消息，所述RAR消息携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间。并接收所述终端在处于RRC连接态时基于所述第一回退参数重新发起的随机接入请求；或者，接收所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于所述第二回退参数重新发起的随机接入请求。上述设计中，通过基站对处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端指示不同的回退参数，从而基站可以调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的回退参数的大小来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入时延，例如，对于处于RRC连接态的终端可以使用较短的回退参数，从而可以更快的重新发起随机接入请求，从而可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
第四方面，本申请提供了一种随机接入方法，包括：网络设备接收终端发起的随机接入请求，并向所述终端发送随机接入响应RAR消息，所述RAR消息携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间。之后，所述网络设备接收所述终端在处于RRC连接态时基于所述第一回退参数重新发起的随机接入请求；或者，所述网络设备接收所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于所述第二回退参数重新发起的随机接入请求。本申请实施例中通过基站对处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端指示不同的回退参数，从而基站可以调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的回退参数的大小来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入时延，例如，对于处于RRC连接态的终端可以使用较短的回退参数，从而可以更快的重新发起随机接入请求，从而可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，网络设备在接收终端发起的随机接入请求之前，向终端发送随机接入资源指示信息，其中，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源，所述第一随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时进行随机接入，所述第二随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时进行随机接入。之后，所述网络设备接收所述终端在处于RRC连接态时基于所述第一随机接入资源发起的随机接入请求；或者，所述网络设备接收所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于所述第二随机接入资源发起的随机接入请求。上述设计中通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的随机接入资源分开，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端抢占同样的随机接入资源而造成冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于 RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的随机接入资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的随机接入资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端较多的随机接入资源，使得基站可以优先处理处于RRC连接态的终端的随机接入请求，从而可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端在随机接入时，由于与处于RRC空闲态的终端冲突而无法正常接入的问题，降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一PRACH信道资源、和n个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括第二PRACH信道资源、和所述n个Preamble码，所述第一PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第二PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述n为正整数。上述设计中，通过为处于RRC连接态的终端与处于RRC空闲态的终端分配不同的PRACH信道资源，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端抢占同样的PRACH信道资源而造成冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的PRACH信道资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的PRACH信道资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端较多的PRACH信道资源，从而可以提高处于RRC连接态的终端的接入概率，进而就可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和第一Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和第二Preamble码组，其中，所述第一Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第二Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述r为正整数。上述设计中，通过为处于RRC连接态的终端与处于RRC空闲态的终端分配不同的Preamble码，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端在随机接入时冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的Preamble码分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的PRACH信道资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端数量较多的Preamble码，从而可以提高处于RRC连接态的终端的接入概率，进而就可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第三PRACH信道资源、和第三Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括第四PRACH信道资源、和第四Preamble码组，其中，所述第三PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第四PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第三Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第四Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码。上述设计中，通过为处于RRC连接态的终端与处于RRC空闲态的终端分配不同的Preamble码以及不同的PRACH信道资源，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端在随机接入时冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的Preamble码以及PRACH信道资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的Preamble码的比例，以及调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于 RRC空闲态的终端的PRACH信道资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端数量较多的Preamble码，以及更多的PRACH信道资源，从而可以提高处于RRC连接态的终端的接入概率，进而就可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
第五方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种终端，该终端包括：接收单元，用于接收网络设备发送的随机接入资源指示信息，其中，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源。发送单元，用于在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时，基于所述第一随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程；或者，在处于RRC空闲态时，基于所述第二随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一PRACH信道资源、和n个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括第二PRACH信道资源、和所述n个Preamble码，所述第一PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第二PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述n为正整数。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和第一Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和第二Preamble码组，其中，所述第一Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第二Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述r为正整数。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第三PRACH信道资源、和第三Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括第四PRACH信道资源、和第四Preamble码组，其中，所述第三PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第四PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第三Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第四Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码。
第六方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种终端，包括：发送单元，用于向网络设备发送随机接入请求。接收单元，用于接收所述网络设备发送的随机接入响应RAR消息，所述RAR消息携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间。所述发送单元，还用于在处于RRC连接态时，基于所述第一回退参数向所述网络设备重新发起随机接入请求；或者，在RRC空闲态时，基于所述第二回退参数向所述网络设备重新发起随机接入请求。
第七方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种网络设备，包括：发送单元，用于向终端发送随机接入资源指示信息，其中，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源，所述第一随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时进行随机接入，所述第二随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时进行随机接入。接收单元，用于接收所述终端在处于RRC连接态时基于所述第一随机接入资源发起的随机接入请求；或者，用于接收所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于所述第二随机接入资源发起的随机接入请求。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一PRACH信道资源、和n个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括第二PRACH信道资源、和所述n个Preamble码，所述第一PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第二PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述n为正整数。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和第一Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和第二Preamble码组，其中，所述第一Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第二Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述r为正整数。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第三PRACH信道资源、和第三Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括第四PRACH信道资源、和第四Preamble码组，其中，所述第三PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第四PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第三Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第四Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供了一种网络设备，包括：接收单元，用于接收终端发起的随机接入请求。发送单元，用于向所述终端发送随机接入响应RAR消息，所述RAR消息携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间。所述接收单元，还用于接收所述终端在处于RRC连接态时基于所述第一回退参数重新发起的随机接入请求；或者，还用于接收所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于所述第二回退参数重新发起的随机接入请求。
第九方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种终端设备，该终端设备包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器用于存储软件程序，所述处理器用于读取所述存储器中存储的软件程序并实现第一方面或上述第一方面的任意一种设计，或第二方面或上述第二方面的任意一种设计提供的方法。
第十方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种基站，该基站包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器用于存储软件程序，所述处理器用于读取所述存储器中存储的软件程序并实现第三方面或上述第三方面的任意一种设计，或者第四方面或上述第四方面的任意一种设计提供的方法。
第十一方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机存储介质，该存储介质中存储软件程序，该软件程序在被一个或多个处理器读取并执行时可实现第一方面或上述第一方面的任意一种设计提供的方法，或者第二方面或上述第二方面的任意一种设计，或者第三方面或上述第三方面的任意一种设计，或者第四方面或上述第四方面的任意一种设计提供的方法。
第十二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或上述第一方面的任意一种设计所述的方法，或者第二方面或上述第二方面的任意一种设计，或者第三方面或上述第三方面的任意一种设计，或者第四方面或上述第四方面的任意一种设计提供的方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的NB-IoT系统的随机接入过程的流程示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的Msg2消息的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的NB-IoT系统中分配随机接入资源的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的230MHz IoT系统中随机接入资源的分配示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的230MHz IoT系统的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入方法的流程示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种分配随机接入资源的示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的另一种分配随机接入资源的示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的另一种分配随机接入资源的示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的另一种随机接入方法的流程示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的Msg2消息的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的另一种随机接入方法的流程示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的一种网络设备的结构示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的一种网络设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请实施例作进一步地详细描述。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
随着移动互联网和物联网(internet of things，IoT)产业的发展，越来越多的移动终端相互连接并分享更加丰富的数据，在电力系统中，同样也存在越来越多的终端需要无线通信。230MHz IoT即电力系统中频率范围为223MHz～235MHz，共12MHz带宽的频谱。230MHz IoT技术主要基于3GPP R14协议的窄带物联网(narrow band internet of things，NB-IoT)技术。因此，230MHz IoT可以与NB-IoT采用相同的随机接入方法。NB-IoT系统中终端向基站发起随机接入过程如图1所示：
S101，基站广播系统消息，系统消息用于指示终端发起随机接入过程所使用的物理随机接入信道(Physical Random Access Channel，PRACH)信道资源和前导码索引(Preamble Index)。
S102，终端在接收到基站广播的系统消息后，选择用于发送随机接入请求(Msg1)的PRACH信道资源，并在该PRACH信道资源中发送Msg1，该Msg1携带该PRACH信道资源对应的Preamble码。
S103，基站在接收到终端发送的Msg1之后，向终端发送随机接入响应(random access response，RAR)，也就是Msg2。Msg2携带的内容包括：回退(backoff)参数、与Msg1对应的Preamble码标识(random access preamble identifier，RAPID)、上行传输定时提前量、为Msg3分配的上行资源、小区无线网络临时标识(temporary cell Radio network temporary identifier，TC-RNTI)等信息，其中，backoff参数用于指示如果本次随机接入失败，终端下次发起随机接入的时延最大值。一个Msg2中可包含多个不同UE发送的Preamble码标识，同时响应多个UE的随机接入请求。Msg2的结构，如图2所示，Msg2中最多携带一个含有BI字段的子头，其中BI字段指示终端下次发起随机接入需要使用的backoff参数。
S104，终端在接收到Msg2后，检测Msg2中是否携带了其所发送的Preamble码标识； 若是，则执行步骤S105；若否，执行步骤S106。
S105，终端在基站为其分配的上行资源中向基站发送Msg3，进行第一次调度传输。
S106，终端基于backoff参数确定下一次发起随机接入的时刻，并选择随机接入资源发起下一次随机接入。当终端发起随机接入的次数达到最大随机接入次数后，终端的媒体访问控制(media access control，MAC)层向无线资源控制(Radio Resource Control，RRC)层上报随机接入问题，指示随机接入失败。
由于230MHz IoT系统由于频谱划分以及随机接入资源分配方式，与NB-IoT系统的频谱划分以及随机接入资源分配方式不同。NB-IoT在支持1物理资源块(physical resource block，PRB)的场景下，最多支持4个覆盖等级，不同覆盖等级占用多个不同的3.75KHz子载波，并且每个3.75KHz子载波对应唯一的前导码索引(preamble Index)，如图3所示。NB-IoT中随机接入资源包括多个不同的3.75KHz子载波，因此终端在向基站发起随机接入过程时，在随机接入资源中选择用于发送Msg1的子载波。而230MHz IoT中每个子载波带宽为25KHz，并且每个25KHz子载波对应多个不同的preamble Index。230MHz IoT中随机接入资源分为两维，一维是preamble index，一维是25KHz子载波，如图4所示，因此终端在向基站发起随机接入过程时，在随机接入资源中选择用于发送Msg1的PRACH子载波，并且在多个preamble码中选择一个preamble码。因此230MHz IoT系统不能简单采用NB-IoT系统的随机接入方法。
终端成功接入基站后一直处于RRC连接态，即使终端没有通信业务，核心网和基站不会主动释放终端的RRC连接。从图1所示的随机接入过程可以看出，NB-IoT系统中，对于处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端，都是使用同样的随机接入资源，使用同样的backoff参数。但是，处于RRC连接态的终端随时都可能有上下行数据需要发送，对于上行数据，该终端可能没有上行资源用于发送上行数据，因此需要通过随机接入请求基站进行上行授权，并且处于RRC连接态的终端的应用层有数据传输时延限制，希望处于RRC连接态的终端能尽快完成数据传输，因此处于RRC连接态的终端随机接入的时延尽量短。因此通过NB-IoT系统的随机接入过程，处于RRC空闲态的终端与处于RRC连接态的终端在随机接入过程中抢占相同的随机接入资源而造成冲突，从而导致连接态终端随机接入时延延长。230MHz IoT系统中，对于处于RRC空闲态的终端与处于RRC连接态的终端，需要支持单独配置接入资源方式来控制冲突概率，而现有NB-IoT随机接入方法不能满足需求。基于此，本申请实施例提出一种随机接入方法及装置，用于解决处于RRC空闲态的终端与处于RRC连接态的终端在随机接入过程中抢占相同的随机接入资源而造成冲突的问题。其中，方法和装置是基于同一发明构思的，由于方法及装置解决问题的原理相似，因此装置与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
本申请提供的随机接入方法可以应用于230MHz IoT系统中。IoT系统的架构如图5所示，包括终端设备、基站以及核心网(evolved packet core，EPC)，基站与终端设备之间进行上行信道传输以及下行信道传输。
其中，230MHz IoT系统中的基站，可以是普通的基站(如Node B或eNB)，可以是新无线控制器(new radio controller，NR controller)，可以是5G系统中的gNode B(gNB)，可以是集中式网元(centralized unit)，可以是新无线基站，可以是射频拉远模块，可以是微基站，可以是中继(relay)，可以是分布式网元(distributed unit)，可以是接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)或传输点(transmission point，TP)或者任何其它无 线接入设备，但本申请实施例不限于此。
终端设备，又称之为用户设备(user equipment，UE)，是一种向终端设备提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备，例如，具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。常见的终端例如包括：手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备，例如智能手表、智能手环、计步器等。
多个，是指两个或两个以上。
另外，需要理解的是，在本申请的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
通过NB-IoT系统的随机接入过程，处于RRC空闲态的终端与处于RRC连接态的终端在随机接入过程中抢占相同的随机接入资源而造成冲突。因此230MHz IoT中可以通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的随机接入资源分开，从而可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端抢占同样的随机接入资源而造成冲突的问题。参见图6，为本申请提供的一种随机接入方法的流程图。该方法可以应用于图5所示的通信系统，该方法包括：
S601，网络设备向终端发送随机接入资源指示信息，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源。所述第一随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时进行随机接入，所述第二随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时进行随机接入。
其中，所述第一随机接入资源与所述第二随机接入资源的分配方案可以为如下任一种方案：
方案一，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一PRACH信道资源、和n个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括第二PRACH信道资源、和所述n个Preamble码，所述第一PRACH信道资源包括m个PRACH信道资源，所述第二PRACH信道资源包括t个PRACH信道资源，所述m、n、t均为正整数，其中，所述m个PRACH信道资源与所述t个PRACH信道资源可以有部分PRACH信道资源占用的频域位置相同，或者，所述m个PRACH信道资源与所述t个PRACH信道资源占用的频域位置均不相同，或者，所述m个PRACH信道资源与所述t个PRACH信道资源占用的频域位置完全相同，本申请实施例在这里不做具体限定。以所述m个PRACH信道资源与所述t个PRACH信道资源占用的频域位置均不相同为例，分配随机接入资源的方式可以如图7所示。
方案二，所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和p个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和q个Preamble码，其中，所述p个Preamble码和q个Preamble码不同，所述r、p、q均为正整数所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和第一Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和第二Preamble码组，所述第一Preamble码组包括p个Preamble码，所述第二Preamble码组包括q个Preamble码，所述r、p、q均为正整数，其中，所述p个Preamble码与所述q个Preamble码有部分Preamble码相同，或者，所述p个Preamble码与所述q个Preamble码完全相同，或者，所述p个Preamble码与所述q个Preamble码均不相同，本申请实施例在这里不做具体限定。以所述p个Preamble码与所述q个Preamble码均不相同为例，分配随机接入资源的方式可以如图8所示。
方案三，所述第一随机接入资源包括i个PRACH信道资源、和h个Preamble码；所 述第二随机接入资源包括j个PRACH信道资源、和k个Preamble码，其中，所述i个PRACH信道资源和所述j个PRACH信道资源占用的频域位置不同，所述h个Preamble码和k个Preamble码不同，所述i、j、h、k均为正整数所述第一随机接入资源包括第三PRACH信道资源、和第三Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括第四PRACH信道资源、和第四Preamble码组，所述第三PRACH信道资源包括i个PRACH信道资源，所述第四PRACH信道资源包括j个PRACH信道资源，所述第三Preamble码组包括h个Preamble码，所述第四Preamble码组包括k个Preamble码，所述i、j、h、k均为正整数，其中，所述i个PRACH信道资源与所述j个PRACH信道资源可以有部分PRACH信道资源占用的频域位置相同，或者，所述i个PRACH信道资源与所述j个PRACH信道资源占用的频域位置均不相同，或者，所述i个PRACH信道资源与所述j个PRACH信道资源占用的频域位置均相同，本申请实施例在这里不做具体限定。所述h个Preamble码与所述k个Preamble码有部分Preamble码相同，或者，所述h个Preamble码与所述k个Preamble码完全相同，或者，所述h个Preamble码与所述k个Preamble码均不相同，本申请实施例在这里不做具体限定。以所述i个PRACH信道资源与所述j个PRACH信道资源占用的频域位置均不相同，所述h个Preamble码与所述k个Preamble码均不相同为例，分配随机接入资源的方式可以如图9所示。
S602，终端接收网络设备发送的随机接入资源指示信息，并选择用于发送Msg1的PRACH信道资源以及Preamble码。具体的，终端在处于RRC连接态时在所述第一随机接入资源中选择用于发送Msg1的PRACH信道资源以及Preamble码，或者，终端在处于RRC空闲态时在所述第二随机接入资源中选择用于发送Msg1的PRACH信道资源以及Preamble码。
S603，终端在选择的PRACH信道资源上发送Msg1，该Msg1中携带该终端选择的Preamble码。
S604，网络设备接收终端发送的Msg1，并向终端发送Msg2。
S605，终端在接收到Msg2后，检测Msg2中是否携带了其所发送的Preamble码标识；若是，则执行步骤S606；若否，执行步骤S607。
S606，终端在网络设备为其分配的上行资源中向该网络设备Msg3，进行第一次调度传输。
S607，终端基于backoff参数确定下一次发起随机接入的时刻，并选择发送随机接入资源发起下一次随机接入。
由于处于RRC连接态的终端在进行随机接入时有传输时延限制，因此基站可以优先处理处于RRC连接态的终端随机接入请求，本申请实施例中通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的随机接入资源分开，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端抢占同样的随机接入资源而造成冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的随机接入资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的随机接入资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端较多的随机接入资源，使得基站可以优先处理处于RRC连接态的终端的随机接入请求，从而可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端在随机接入时，由于与处于RRC空闲态的终端冲突而无法正常接入的问题，降低处于RRC连接 态的终端的接入时延。
NB-IoT系统中，Msg2中最多携带一个含有BI字段的子头，其中BI字段指示终端下次发起随机接入需要使用的backoff参数，处于RRC空闲态的终端与处于RRC连接态的终端在随机接入过程中采用相同的backoff参数。230MHz IoT中RRC空闲态的终端和RRC连接态的终端对接入时延要求不同，可以对于处于RRC空闲态的终端和处于RRC连接态的终端分别使用不同的backoff参数，从而可以单独控制处于RRC空闲态的终端与处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。参见图10，为本申请提供的另一种随机接入方法的流程图。该方法可以应用于图5所示的通信系统，该方法包括：
S1001，网络设备向终端发送随机接入资源指示信息，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示终端发起随机接入过程所使用的PRACH信道资源和Preamble码。
S1002，终端接收网络设备发送的随机接入资源指示信息，并在所述随机接入资源指示信息指示的PRACH信道资源和Preamble码中选择用于发送Msg1的PRACH信道资源和Preamble码。
S1003，终端在选择的PRACH信道资源上发送Msg1，该Msg1中携带该终端选择的Preamble码。
S1004，网络设备接收终端发送的Msg1，并向终端发送Msg2。其中，该Msg2携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间。具体的，Msg2可以携带两个含有BI字段的子头，其中一个含有BI字段的子头中的BI字段指示第一回退参数，该字头中的BT字段指示RRC连接态，另一个含有BI字段的子头中的BI字段指示第二回退参数，该字头中的BT字段指示RRC空闲态，Msg2的结构可以如图11所示。
S1005，终端接收网络设备发送的Msg3，检测Msg2中是否携带了其所发送的Preamble码标识；若是，则执行步骤S1006；若否，执行步骤S1007。
S1006，终端在基站为其分配的上行资源中传输Msg3，进行第一次调度传输。
S1007，终端在处于RRC连接态时基于第一回退参数确定下一次发起随机接入的时刻，并选择发送随机接入资源发起下一次随机接入。或者，终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于第二回退参数确定下一次发起随机接入的时刻，并选择发送随机接入资源发起下一次随机接入。
本申请实施例中通过基站对处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端指示不同的回退参数，从而基站可以调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的回退参数的大小来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入时延，例如，对于处于RRC连接态的终端可以使用较短的回退参数，从而可以更快的重新发起随机接入请求，从而可以降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
参见图12，为本申请提供的另一种随机接入方法的流程图。该方法可以应用于图5所示的通信系统，该方法包括：
S1201，网络设备向终端发送随机接入资源指示信息，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源。所述第一随机接入资源用于所述终端在 处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时进行随机接入，所述第二随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时进行随机接入。
其中，所述第一随机接入资源与所述第二随机接入资源的分配方案可以为图6所示的随机接入方法中的方案一至方案三中的任一方案。
S1202，终端接收网络设备发送的随机接入资源指示信息，并选择用于发送Msg1的PRACH信道资源以及Preamble码。具体的，终端在处于RRC连接态时在所述第一随机接入资源中选择用于发送Msg1的PRACH信道资源以及Preamble码，或者，终端在处于RRC空闲态时在所述第二随机接入资源中选择用于发送Msg1的PRACH信道资源以及Preamble码。
S1203，终端在选择的PRACH信道资源上发送Msg1，该Msg1中携带该终端选择的Preamble码。
S1204，网络设备接收终端发送的Msg1，并向终端发送Msg2。其中，该Msg2携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间。具体的，Msg2携带两个含有BI字段的子头，其中一个含有BI字段的子头中的BI字段指示第一回退参数，该字头中的BT字段指示RRC连接态，另一个含有BI字段的子头中的BI字段指示第二回退参数，该字头中的BT字段指示RRC空闲态，Msg2的结构可以如图11所示。
S1205，终端接收网络设备发送的Msg3，检测Msg2中是否携带了其所发送的Preamble码标识；若是，则执行步骤S1206；若否，执行步骤S1207。
S1206，终端在基站为其分配的上行资源中传输Msg3，进行第一次调度传输。
S1207，终端在处于RRC连接态时基于第一回退参数确定下一次发起随机接入的时刻，并选择发送随机接入资源发起下一次随机接入。或者，终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于第二回退参数确定下一次发起随机接入的时刻，并选择发送随机接入资源发起下一次随机接入。
由于处于RRC连接态的终端在进行随机接入时有传输时延限制，因此基站可以优先处理连接态终端随机接入请求，本申请实施例中通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的随机接入资源分开，可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端抢占同样的随机接入资源而造成冲突的问题。并且，通过将处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端可以使用的随机接入资源分开，使得基站可以通过调整分配给处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的随机接入资源的比例来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，基站可以通过分配给处于RRC连接态的终端较多的随机接入资源，使得基站可以优先处理处于RRC连接态的终端的随机接入请求，从而可以避免处于RRC连接态的终端在随机接入时，由于与处于RRC空闲态的终端冲突而无法正常接入的问题，降低处于RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。此外，本申请实施例中还可以通过基站对处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端指示不同的回退参数，从而基站可以调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的回退参数的大小来调整处于RRC连接态的终端和处于RRC空闲态的终端的接入优先级，例如，对于处于RRC连接态的终端可以使用较短的回退参数，使得基站可以优先处理处于RRC连接态的终端的随机接入请求，从而可以降低处于 RRC连接态的终端的接入时延。
基于与方法实施例的同一发明构思，本申请实施例提供一种终端，具体用于实现图6至图12所述的实施例描述的方法，该装置的结构如图13所示，接收单元1301，用于接收网络设备发送的随机接入资源指示信息，其中，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源。发送单元1302，用于在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时，基于所述第一随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程；或者，在处于RRC空闲态时，基于所述第二随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一PRACH信道资源、和n个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括第二PRACH信道资源、和所述n个Preamble码，所述第一PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第二PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述n为正整数。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和第一Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和第二Preamble码组，其中，所述第一Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第二Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述r为正整数。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第三PRACH信道资源、和第三Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括第四PRACH信道资源、和第四Preamble码组，其中，所述第三PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第四PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第三Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第四Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码。
可选的，发送单元1302，还可以用于向网络设备发送随机接入请求。接收单元1301，还用于接收所述网络设备发送的随机接入响应RAR消息，所述RAR消息携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间。所述发送单元1302，还用于在处于RRC连接态时，基于所述第一回退参数向所述网络设备重新发起随机接入请求；或者，在RRC空闲态时，基于所述第二回退参数向所述网络设备重新发起随机接入请求。
本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理器中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。
其中，集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现时，如图14所示，终端设备设备可以包括处理器1402。上述模块对应的实体的硬件可以为处理器1402。处理器1402，可以是一个中央处理模块(central processing unit，CPU)，或者为数字处理模块等等。终端设备还可以包括收发器1401，处理器1402通过收发器1401与基站进行数据收发。该装置还包括：存储器1403，用于存储处理器1402执行的程序。存储器1403可以是非易失性存储器，比如硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)等，还可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)。存储器1403是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。
处理器1402用于执行存储器1403存储的程序代码，具体用于执行图3所示实施例所述的方法的任一种方法。可以参见图6至图12所示实施例所述的方法，本申请在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例中不限定上述收发器1401、处理器1402以及存储器1403之间的具体连接介质。本申请实施例在图14中以存储器1403、处理器1402以及收发器1401之间通过总线1404连接，总线在图14中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是进行示意性说明，并不引以为限。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图14中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
本发明实施例还提供了一种芯片，该芯片包括上述收发器和上述处理器，用于支持第一中继设备实现图6至图12所示实施例所述的方法中的任一种方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储为执行上述处理器所需执行的计算机软件指令，其包含用于执行上述处理器所需执行的程序。
基于与方法实施例的同一发明构思，本申请实施例提供一种网络设备，具体用于实现图6至图12所述的实施例描述的方法，该装置的结构如图15所示，发送单元1501，用于向终端发送随机接入资源指示信息，其中，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源，所述第一随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时进行随机接入，所述第二随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时进行随机接入。接收单元1502，用于接收所述终端在处于RRC连接态时基于所述第一随机接入资源发起的随机接入请求；或者，用于接收所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于所述第二随机接入资源发起的随机接入请求。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一PRACH信道资源、和n个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括第二PRACH信道资源、和所述n个Preamble码，所述第一PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第二PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述n为正整数。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和第一Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和第二Preamble码组，其中，所述第一Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第二Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述r为正整数。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第三PRACH信道资源、和第三Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括第四PRACH信道资源、和第四Preamble码组，其中，所述第三PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第四PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第三Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第四Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码。
可选的，接收单元1502，还用于接收终端发起的随机接入请求。发送单元1501，还用于向所述终端发送随机接入响应RAR消息，所述RAR消息携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间。所述接收单元1502，还用于接收所述终端在处于RRC连接态时基于所述第一回退参数重新发起的随机接入请求；或者，还用于接收所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于所述第二回退参数重新发起的随机接入请求。
本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理器中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。
其中，集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现时，如图16所示，基站可以包括处理器1602。上述模块对应的实体的硬件可以为处理器1602。处理器1602，可以是一个CPU，或者为数字处理模块等等。基站还可以包括收发器1601，处理器1602通过收发器1601与终端设备进行数据收发。该装置还包括：存储器1603，用于存储处理器1602执行的程序。存储器1603可以是非易失性存储器，比如HDD或SSD等，还可以是volatile memory，例如RAM。存储器1603是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。
处理器1602用于执行存储器1603存储的程序代码，具体用于执行图3至图5所示实施例所述的方法的任一种方法。可以参见图3至图5所示实施例所述的方法，本申请在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例中不限定上述收发器1601、处理器1602以及存储器1603之间的具体连接介质。本申请实施例在图16中以存储器1603、处理器1602以及收发器1601之间通过总线1604连接，总线在图16中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是进行示意性说明，并不引以为限。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图16中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
本发明实施例还提供了一种芯片，该芯片包括上述收发器和上述处理器，用于支持第一中继设备实现图6至图12所示实施例所述的方法中的任一种方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储为执行上述处理器所需执行的计算机软件指令，其包含用于执行上述处理器所需执行的程序。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算 机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请实施例的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种随机接入方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端接收网络设备发送的随机接入资源指示信息，其中，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源；
    所述终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时，基于所述第一随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程；或者，所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时，基于所述第二随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一PRACH信道资源、和n个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括第二PRACH信道资源、和所述n个Preamble码，所述第一PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第二PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述n为正整数。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和第一Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和第二Preamble码组，其中，所述第一Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第二Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述r为正整数。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第三PRACH信道资源、和第三Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括第四PRACH信道资源、和第四Preamble码组，其中，所述第三PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第四PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第三Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第四Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码。
  5. 一种随机接入方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端向网络设备发送随机接入请求；
    所述终端接收所述网络设备发送的随机接入响应RAR消息，所述RAR消息携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间；
    所述终端在处于RRC连接态时，基于所述第一回退参数向所述网络设备重新发起随机接入请求；或者，所述终端在RRC空闲态时，基于所述第二回退参数向所述网络设备重新发起随机接入请求。
  6. 一种随机接入方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网络设备向终端发送随机接入资源指示信息，其中，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源，所述第一随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时进行随机接入，所述第二随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时进行随机接入；
    所述网络设备接收所述终端在处于RRC连接态时基于所述第一随机接入资源发起的随机接入请求；或者，所述网络设备接收所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于所述第二随机接入资源发起的随机接入请求。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一PRACH信道资源、和n个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括第二PRACH信道资源、和所 述n个Preamble码，所述第一PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第二PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述n为正整数。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和第一Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和第二Preamble码组，其中，所述第一Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第二Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述r为正整数。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第三PRACH信道资源、和第三Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括第四PRACH信道资源、和第四Preamble码组，其中，所述第三PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第四PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第三Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第四Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码。
  10. 一种随机接入方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网络设备接收终端发起的随机接入请求；
    所述网络设备向所述终端发送随机接入响应RAR消息，所述RAR消息携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间；
    所述网络设备接收所述终端在处于RRC连接态时基于所述第一回退参数重新发起的随机接入请求；或者，所述网络设备接收所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于所述第二回退参数重新发起的随机接入请求。
  11. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于接收网络设备发送的随机接入资源指示信息，其中，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源；
    发送单元，用于在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时，基于所述第一随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程；或者，在处于RRC空闲态时，基于所述第二随机接入资源向所述网络设备发起随机接入过程。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的终端，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一PRACH信道资源、和n个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括第二PRACH信道资源、和所述n个Preamble码，所述第一PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第二PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述n为正整数。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的终端，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和第一Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和第二Preamble码组，其中，所述第一Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第二Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述r为正整数。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的终端，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第三PRACH信道资源、和第三Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括第四PRACH信道资源、和第四Preamble码组，其中，所述第三PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第四PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第三Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第四Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码。
  15. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括：
    发送单元，用于向网络设备发送随机接入请求；
    接收单元，用于接收所述网络设备发送的随机接入响应RAR消息，所述RAR消息携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间；
    所述发送单元，还用于在处于RRC连接态时，基于所述第一回退参数向所述网络设备重新发起随机接入请求；或者，在RRC空闲态时，基于所述第二回退参数向所述网络设备重新发起随机接入请求。
  16. 一种网络设备，其特征在于，包括：
    发送单元，用于向终端发送随机接入资源指示信息，其中，所述随机接入资源指示信息用于指示第一随机接入资源和第二随机接入资源，所述第一随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时进行随机接入，所述第二随机接入资源用于所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时进行随机接入；
    接收单元，用于接收所述终端在处于RRC连接态时基于所述第一随机接入资源发起的随机接入请求；或者，用于接收所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于所述第二随机接入资源发起的随机接入请求。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一PRACH信道资源、和n个Preamble码；所述第二随机接入资源包括第二PRACH信道资源、和所述n个Preamble码，所述第一PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第二PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述n为正整数。
  18. 如权利要求16所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括r个PRACH信道资源、和第一Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括所述r个PRACH信道资源、和第二Preamble码组，其中，所述第一Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第二Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述r为正整数。
  19. 如权利要求16所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第三PRACH信道资源、和第三Preamble码组；所述第二随机接入资源包括第四PRACH信道资源、和第四Preamble码组，其中，所述第三PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第四PRACH信道资源包括至少一个PRACH信道资源，所述第三Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码，所述第四Preamble码组包括至少一个Preamble码。
  20. 一种网络设备，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于接收终端发起的随机接入请求；
    发送单元，用于向所述终端发送随机接入响应RAR消息，所述RAR消息携带第一回退参数以及第二回退参数，所述第一回退参数用于指示终端在处于无线资源控制RRC连接态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间，所述第二回退参数用于指示终端在处于RRC空闲态时重新发起随机接入过程的延迟时间；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述终端在处于RRC连接态时基于所述第一回退参数重新发起的随机接入请求；或者，还用于接收所述终端在处于RRC空闲态时基于所述第二回退参数重新发起的随机接入请求。
  21. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储程序，所述程序在被一个或多个处理器读取并执行时可实现权利要求1至10任一项所述的方法。
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