WO2019175771A1 - Mesure de déplacement axial d'un arbre rotatif - Google Patents

Mesure de déplacement axial d'un arbre rotatif Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019175771A1
WO2019175771A1 PCT/IB2019/052003 IB2019052003W WO2019175771A1 WO 2019175771 A1 WO2019175771 A1 WO 2019175771A1 IB 2019052003 W IB2019052003 W IB 2019052003W WO 2019175771 A1 WO2019175771 A1 WO 2019175771A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
target surface
shaft
distance
rotation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2019/052003
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Orton
Original Assignee
Gyrometric Systems Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gyrometric Systems Ltd. filed Critical Gyrometric Systems Ltd.
Publication of WO2019175771A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019175771A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
    • G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
    • G01B21/042—Calibration or calibration artifacts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
    • G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
    • G01B21/045—Correction of measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
    • G01B21/06—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness specially adapted for measuring length or width of objects while moving
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/0011—Arrangements for eliminating or compensation of measuring errors due to temperature or weight
    • G01B5/0014—Arrangements for eliminating or compensation of measuring errors due to temperature or weight due to temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/003—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring position, not involving coordinate determination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/02—Details of balancing machines or devices
    • G01M1/08—Instruments for indicating directly the magnitude and phase of the imbalance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/14—Determining imbalance
    • G01M1/16—Determining imbalance by oscillating or rotating the body to be tested
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/16—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring distance of clearance between spaced objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
    • G01B7/144—Measuring play on bearings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the measurement of axial displacement and/or vibration of a rotating shaft.
  • the present applicants have previously proposed in EP 0608234 a measuring system that measures displacement of a rotating shaft in a direction transverse to the axis of the shaft.
  • the present invention is concerned with measurement of displacement of the rotating shaft in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft .
  • the present invention can use any sensor capable of
  • the output signal of commercially available sensors is substantially linear over the distances of interest in the present invention.
  • the output of the sensors is however prone to errors, for a variety of reasons, most notably changes in ambient temperature.
  • a graph of the sensor output versus distance is a straight line.
  • One type of error herein referred to as “drift”
  • drift can result in a change in the position of the line on the graph, without any change in its slope.
  • An error resulting from a change in the slope of the graph is herein referred to as a variation in "gain".
  • the present invention seeks to provide a way of
  • a method of measuring axial displacement and/or vibration of a rotating shaft which method comprises
  • processing the output of the sensor to derive measurements of the distances from the sensor of the first and the second target surfaces, and v) utilising the measurements of the distance of the sensor from the second target surface to calibrate the sensor so as to correct the measured distance of the sensor from the first target surface for possible drift.
  • electromagnetic, optical or acoustic can flow between the sensor and the target surface.
  • the disk has a third target surface in a plane normal to the axis of rotation of the shaft and lying at a predetermined distance from the first target surface, and, in the processing of the distance measurements made during rotation of the shaft to provide a calibrated output signal indicative of the distance of the first target surface from the sensor, the measurements from the third target surface are utilised to compensate for possible variation in gain.
  • a system for measuring axial displacement and/or vibration of a rotating shaft which system comprises
  • the disk serving to interrupt the line of sight between the sensor and the second target surface only during
  • a processor for processing the output of the sensor to derive measurements of the distances from the sensor of the first and the second target surfaces, the processor being operative to utilise the measurements of the distance of the sensor from the second target surface to calibrate the sensor, so as to correct the measured distance from the first target surface for possible drift.
  • the disk has a third target surface in a plane normal to the axis of rotation of the shaft and lying at a predetermined distance from the first target surface, and, in the processing of the distance measurements made during rotation of the shaft to provide a calibrated output signal indicative of the distance of the first target surface from the sensor, the measurements from the third target surface are utilised to compensate for possible variation in gain.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a system embodying the invention for measuring axial displacement of a rotating shaft
  • Figure 2 is a section of the system in Figure 1 taken along the section line II-II,
  • Figure 3 is a graph to show how the output signal of the sensor may vary even when there is no displacement of any of the target surfaces
  • Figure 4 shows three different possible outputs from the sensor as the shaft rotates despite no displacement of the target surfaces
  • FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of the circuitry of the proximity sensor. Detailed description of the drawings
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a shaft 10 that is rotatable relative to a stationary housing 12, of which only some parts are shown diagrammatically in the drawing.
  • a disk 14 is mounted for rotation with the shaft 10, the disk having a target surface 16 facing a stationary proximity sensor 18 that is secured by a bracket 20 to the housing 12.
  • the sensor 18 may be of any known type capable of measuring small distances accurately at a rate appropriate to the speed or rotation of the shaft. In this context, it should be noted that several readings need to be taken during each revolution of the shaft if axial vibration is to be
  • One suitable type of sensor is that which
  • Suitable sensors are those that measure a capacitance that varies with the distance from the target surface.
  • Figure 3 shows what may happen in practice to the response curve of the sensor. When operating under reference conditions, the response curve may be that
  • a in Figure 3 A change in an external factor, can result in this response curve drifting to the curve designated B in Figure 3.
  • This curve is also a straight line and has the same slope as the curve A, but it is offset from it so that the error, i.e. the difference between the two output signals of the sensor, is constant over the
  • the system includes a second target surface 22, that is mounted on the housing 12 at a preset distance from the sensor 18.
  • the disk 14 includes a cut-out 24 so that this second target surface 22 is in the line of sight of the sensor 18 in between certain angular positions of the disk 14.
  • the disk 14 has a projecting land 26 that presents a third target surface 28 to the sensor 18 between certain other angular positions of the disk 14.
  • the sensor output varies with time as the shaft rotates in the manner shown in Figure 4.
  • the waveforms A, B and C would be generated under different operating conditions, corresponding to the three sensor response curves shown in Figure 3. In each of these
  • the regions 30 where the distance measurement is lowest occur when the sensor 18 is measuring its distance from the third target surface 28 of the projecting land 26 on the rotating disk 14.
  • the highest regions 32 correspond to the measured distance from the stationary second target surface 22 and the intermediate regions 34 correspond to the measured distance from the first target surface 16 that is the surface of the disk 14 itself.
  • the sensor 18 produces an analogue output and this is converted by an analogue to digital converter 40 into a digital signal.
  • the digitised signal is applied to a digital processor 42 that performs a mathematical calculation, as explained further below, on the measured distances from the three target surfaces and reference values of the distance to the second and third target surfaces made under reference operating conditions and stored in memory in the processor 42.
  • the measured distances from the sensor 18 to the second 22 and third 28 target surface are Y and Z respectively and that under the prevailing measurement conditions the
  • obtained readings for the first, second and third target surfaces are X, Y' and Z', respectively.
  • the processor will first compute the drift error Y'-Y and apply a correction to X to give a drift corrected value X-(Y'-Y) for the position of the first target surface 16.
  • the drift error (Y'-Y) is then applied to the third target surface Z'- (Y'-Y) and its value is compared with the stored value Z. If the two are not identical then the variation in gain error will have a value of Z- ( Z ' - (Y ' -Y) ) at the position of the third target surface and a
  • processor 42 is required only to perform a simple arithmetic computation that can readily be performed several times during each rotation of the shaft 10, even for a shaft rotating at high speed.
  • the land 26 also provides a reference signal at a predetermined angular position of the shaft.
  • This signal can be used by other equipment in the machine. For example, if the shaft is the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine, the system can provide an indication of top dead centre. Systems employed to detect lack of balance during rotation of the shaft also require an angular

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système et un procédé permettant de mesurer un déplacement axial et/ou une vibration d'un arbre rotatif. Le système comprend un capteur de mesure de distance situé dans une position fixe adjacente à l'arbre et un disque destiné à être monté pour tourner avec l'arbre qui a une première surface cible dans un plan normal à l'axe de rotation de l'arbre. Une deuxième surface cible fixe est située adjacente à l'arbre à l'intérieur de la plage de mesure du capteur et le disque est conçu pour interrompre la ligne de visée entre le capteur et la deuxième surface cible pendant des phases de rotation prédéfinies de l'arbre. La sortie du capteur permet de dériver des mesures des distances à partir du capteur des première et deuxième surfaces cibles. Des mesures de la distance du capteur à partir de la deuxième surface cible sont utilisées pour étalonner le capteur pour corriger la dérive de la sortie du capteur. Dans certains modes de réalisation, une troisième surface cible est disposée sur le disque et des mesures de sa distance par rapport au capteur sont utilisées pour compenser une variation du gain du capteur.
PCT/IB2019/052003 2018-03-14 2019-03-12 Mesure de déplacement axial d'un arbre rotatif WO2019175771A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1804069.1A GB2572321B (en) 2018-03-14 2018-03-14 Measurement of axial displacement of a rotating shaft
GB1804069.1 2018-03-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019175771A1 true WO2019175771A1 (fr) 2019-09-19

Family

ID=61972962

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2019/052003 WO2019175771A1 (fr) 2018-03-14 2019-03-12 Mesure de déplacement axial d'un arbre rotatif

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2572321B (fr)
WO (1) WO2019175771A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110823151A (zh) * 2019-10-15 2020-02-21 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 水下拉绳传感器的测试工装
CN111811453A (zh) * 2020-06-23 2020-10-23 江苏理工学院 一种带圆弧工件的尺寸检测装置及检测方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112146606B (zh) * 2020-09-29 2022-02-22 广东西子机电设备有限公司 一种电梯维修用检测装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2468910A1 (fr) * 1979-11-03 1981-05-08 Lucas Industries Ltd Transducteur fournissant un signal representant la vitesse de rotation et la position longitudinale d'une piece en rotation se deplacant longitudinalement
US20120119730A1 (en) * 2009-05-13 2012-05-17 Industria De Turbo Propulsores, S.A. Axis axial position measurement system
US20140241852A1 (en) * 2013-02-26 2014-08-28 Kenneth A. Fuller Methods and apparatus for measuring axial shaft displacement within gas turbine engines

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6177997B1 (en) * 1998-08-19 2001-01-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Shaft position optical sensor
CA2933249C (fr) * 2013-12-09 2020-11-10 Hatch Pty Ltd Appareil de mesure et son procede
DE102014224221A1 (de) * 2014-11-27 2016-06-02 Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh Positions-Messeinrichtung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung von Positionen eines Messobjekts

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2468910A1 (fr) * 1979-11-03 1981-05-08 Lucas Industries Ltd Transducteur fournissant un signal representant la vitesse de rotation et la position longitudinale d'une piece en rotation se deplacant longitudinalement
US20120119730A1 (en) * 2009-05-13 2012-05-17 Industria De Turbo Propulsores, S.A. Axis axial position measurement system
US20140241852A1 (en) * 2013-02-26 2014-08-28 Kenneth A. Fuller Methods and apparatus for measuring axial shaft displacement within gas turbine engines

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110823151A (zh) * 2019-10-15 2020-02-21 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 水下拉绳传感器的测试工装
CN110823151B (zh) * 2019-10-15 2021-05-28 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 水下拉绳传感器的测试工装
CN111811453A (zh) * 2020-06-23 2020-10-23 江苏理工学院 一种带圆弧工件的尺寸检测装置及检测方法
CN111811453B (zh) * 2020-06-23 2022-02-11 江苏理工学院 一种带圆弧工件的尺寸检测装置及检测方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2572321A (en) 2019-10-02
GB201804069D0 (en) 2018-04-25
GB2572321B (en) 2020-09-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8225671B2 (en) Apparatus and method for non-contacting blade oscillation measurement
WO2019175771A1 (fr) Mesure de déplacement axial d'un arbre rotatif
US7722310B2 (en) System and method for measuring clearance between two objects
CN101583851B (zh) 用于确定在角度测量仪中导致偏心度的作用变量的方法
JPH04136713A (ja) 位置検出装置
US20130321824A1 (en) Optical Detection of Airfoil Axial Position with NSMS
US5502650A (en) Apparatus for adjusting rotor
MX2021002355A (es) Metodo para detectar errores de medicion de angulo en un sensor de radar.
US20080189934A1 (en) Rotary Encoders
CN109813423B (zh) 一种透平机械叶片振动位移监测方法及装置
JP4984268B2 (ja) 軸ぶれ計測方法及び軸ぶれ計測機能を具備した自己校正機能付き角度検出器
JP5288320B2 (ja) 高速回転体の回転バランス計測装置及び方法
JP6728232B2 (ja) 変形測定トルク計
US6615644B2 (en) Method for correcting the signal of a camshaft position sensor
JPWO2018150833A1 (ja) 角度検出装置
CN102679862A (zh) 角度传感器的检测信号校正方法
US7257983B2 (en) Method for correcting the position of the angular marks of an incremental wheel of a rotational speed sensor and/or an angle of rotation sensor, and system therefor
US11733111B2 (en) Field calibration for torsional vibration sensor
US20170002682A1 (en) Detection method of sensor in gas turbine
CN110715795B (zh) 一种光电跟踪系统中快速反射镜的标定和测量方法
JPH11325858A (ja) 回転軸線を中心として回転可能又は旋回可能なエレメントの角度位置を検出する方法
KR101061290B1 (ko) 엔진 출력 측정 시스템 및 그 측정방법
RU2648284C2 (ru) Способ измерения радиального зазора между торцами рабочих лопаток и статором газотурбинного двигателя
KR102458636B1 (ko) 절대각 측정 방법, 각도 검출 장치, 토크 앵글 센서 및 이를 포함하는 차량
FR3103273B1 (fr) Procédé de surveillance de la torsion d’un arbre rotatif sur une turbomachine d’un aéronef

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19715231

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19715231

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1