WO2019161701A1 - 电声转换器 - Google Patents

电声转换器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019161701A1
WO2019161701A1 PCT/CN2018/123199 CN2018123199W WO2019161701A1 WO 2019161701 A1 WO2019161701 A1 WO 2019161701A1 CN 2018123199 W CN2018123199 W CN 2018123199W WO 2019161701 A1 WO2019161701 A1 WO 2019161701A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrical connector
outer casing
sound hole
electroacoustic transducer
conductive segment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/123199
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩志磊
刘华伟
马学敏
Original Assignee
歌尔股份有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Publication of WO2019161701A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019161701A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/006—Interconnection of transducer parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2803—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of sounding devices, and in particular to an electroacoustic transducer.
  • the sounding device is an important sounding component in electronic products for converting sound signals into sound.
  • more and more speakers and receivers adopt the structure of injection molding mesh, and the injection mesh structure has the advantages of dustproof and easy adjustment of acoustic performance.
  • the mold structure in order to realize the structure of the injection mesh, the mold structure is usually complicated, and the area of the injection mesh is large, occupying a large amount of space, thereby affecting the size of other components, making the product structure difficult to realize.
  • the magnetic conductive plate, the elastic piece and the mesh cloth are often separated from each other in the structure of the speaker or the receiver, and are respectively injected into the injection mold for injection molding to form an injection molded outer casing, and the feeding is required when the mesh cloth is loaded.
  • the structure of the suction and limit of the cloth because the aperture of the suction hole is relatively large when the suction is arranged, it is necessary to open a large sound hole on the injection molded casing.
  • the larger sound hole size occupies a large amount of product space, affecting the size of other components, making the structure difficult to achieve; in addition, if the mesh structure of the suction structure is not used, it is easy to fall off during the processing, which may cause defective products.
  • an electroacoustic transducer comprising: a magnetic circuit system, a vibration system, an electrical connector, and an outer casing that houses the magnetic circuit system and the vibration system; the electrical connector One end is for electrically connecting to the voice coil of the vibration system, and the other end is for electrically connecting with an external circuit;
  • the electrical connector is provided with a sound hole, and the sound hole is covered with a mesh cloth;
  • the electrical connector and the mesh are co-injected and fixed on the outer casing, and a through hole communicating with the sound hole is formed at a position corresponding to the sound hole of the outer casing, and the sound hole and The through holes collectively constitute a rear sounding passage that communicates with the inside and the outside of the electroacoustic transducer.
  • the electrical connector includes a stretch, and the sound hole is opened on the stretch;
  • the outer casing is rectangular and includes a side portion and a corner portion connecting the side portions, and the extension portion is injection molded at a side portion or a corner portion of the outer casing.
  • the extension is parallel to an upper end surface of the outer casing.
  • the stretch portion is perpendicular to an upper end surface of the outer casing.
  • the stretch is parallel to an outer side of a side of the outer casing
  • the extension is disposed at an angle from the top to the bottom of the side of the outer casing.
  • a groove is formed on an outer circumference of the electrical connecting member surrounding the sound hole, and the mesh covers the groove bottom of the groove.
  • the electrical connector comprises: a sheet-shaped conductive segment for electrical connection;
  • one side of the sheet-shaped conductive section extends a stretched portion.
  • the two sheet-shaped conductive segments are respectively a first conductive segment for electrically connecting with a lead of the vibration system, and a second conductive segment for conducting conduction with an external circuit;
  • One side of the first conductive segment and/or the second conductive segment extends the stretch.
  • first conductive segment, the connecting portion and the second conductive segment have an L-shaped, Z-shaped or U-shaped structure.
  • the first conductive segment is injection molded on the outer casing, and one side of the first conductive segment extends the extension;
  • the second conductive segment is an elastic arm extending outside the outer casing
  • the elastic arm includes a spring contact of an arc structure, and the spring contact is in communication with the external circuit.
  • the electrical connector includes a conductive segment for electrical connection and a connection portion between the conductive segments, the stretch portion being integrally formed by the conductive segment or the connecting portion, the stretching The portion extends into the side of the outer casing and the stretch is magnetically shielded outside of the magnetic circuit system.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes an edge magnetic conductive plate, and the side magnetic conductive plate has a quadrangular structure;
  • the electrical connection member is disposed at two corners of one side of the quadrilateral structure
  • the outer edge of the quadrilateral structure and the electrical connector are co-injected into the sidewall of the outer casing.
  • the electrical connector is disposed outside the side magnetic conductive plate and has a gap with the edge magnetic conductive plate;
  • the surface of the edge magnetic conductive plate is provided with an insulating layer, and the electrical connector is disposed at an outer edge of the side magnetic conductive plate and is in contact with the edge magnetic conductive plate.
  • the sound hole is square and has a size less than or equal to 0.6 mm * 0.6 mm.
  • One technical effect of the present invention is that the sound hole is opened on the electrical connector, the mesh cloth covers the sound hole, and the process of co-injecting and fixing on the outer casing of the electroacoustic converter by using the electrical connector and the mesh cloth does not need existing
  • the structure for fixing the mesh such as suction and limit, is realized; the realization is simpler, and the requirement of the smaller sound hole size can be satisfied, and the structural space of the electroacoustic converter is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electroacoustic transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical connector in an electroacoustic transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a side magnetic conducting plate and an electrical connecting member in an electroacoustic transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an electrical connector and an edge magnetic conductive plate of the electroacoustic transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electroacoustic transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of an injection molding method of an electroacoustic transducer housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an electroacoustic transducer includes a magnetic circuit system 1, a vibration system 2, an electrical connector 3, and a housing 4.
  • the outer casing 4 houses the fixed magnetic circuit system 1 and the vibration system 2.
  • the electrical connector 3 is provided with a sound hole 5, and the sound hole 5 is covered with a mesh cloth 6.
  • the electrical connector 3 and the mesh cloth 6 are co-molded and fixed on the outer casing 4, and are formed at the position of the corresponding sound hole 5 of the outer casing 4.
  • the through hole communicating with the sound hole 5, the sound hole 5 and the through hole together constitute a rear sound path that communicates with the inside and the outside of the electroacoustic transducer.
  • the magnetic circuit system 1, the vibration system 2, the electrical connector 3, and the mesh cloth 6 are placed in an injection mold to form a predetermined shape, and injection molding is performed to form the outer casing 4, so that the outer casing 4
  • the fixed magnetic circuit system 1 and the vibration system 2 are housed.
  • the magnetic circuit system 1 may include an edge magnetic conductive plate 11 on the outer circumference of the side magnetic conductive plate 11. A portion of the side magnetic conductive plate 11 and the electrical connector 3 is co-injected and fixed in the outer casing 4, and the other portion is exposed outside the outer casing 4.
  • the portion of the sound injection hole 5 is provided with a sound hole 5, and the surface of the sound hole 5 is provided with a mesh cloth 6 having an area larger than the area of the sound hole 5 for covering the sound hole 5; and, in the outer casing 4 has a through hole at a position relative to the sound hole 5, that is, the outer casing 4 is a transparent structure at the sound hole 5 with a mesh cloth 6 interposed therebetween.
  • the sound hole 5 is formed on the electrical connector 3, and then the mesh cloth 6 is covered on the sound hole 5, so that the sound hole 5 and the electrical connector 3 are integrated, thereby avoiding the sound hole 5 and the electrical connection.
  • the components 3 are separately arranged to additionally increase the structure space, which is advantageous for making the structure of the electroacoustic transducer smaller; the mesh cloth 6 is covered on the sound hole 5, so that the mesh cloth 6 and the electrical connector 3 are integrated to facilitate electricity.
  • the sound converter is molded by injection molding; the sound hole 5 is formed on the electrical connector 3, which can meet the requirements of the small size of the sound hole 5, saves the structure space, and further facilitates the structure of the electroacoustic converter to be smaller. .
  • the electrical connector 3 includes a stretched portion 301, and the sound hole 5 is opened on the stretched portion 301.
  • the outer casing 4 is rectangular and includes a side portion 41 and a corner portion 42 connecting the side portions 41.
  • the stretch portion 301 is injection molded at the side 41 or the corner portion 42 of the outer casing 4.
  • the stretch portion 301 is parallel to the upper end surface 43 of the outer casing 4; or the stretch portion is perpendicular to the upper end surface 43 of the outer casing 4 (an example of a vertical arrangement is not shown in the drawing); or The portion is parallel to the outer side surface 411 of the side portion 41 of the outer casing 4 (an example of a parallel outer side surface is not shown in the drawing); or the outer side surface 411 of the side portion 41 of the outer portion of the outer casing 4 is inclined from top to bottom by an angle. (The example of the tilt setting is not shown in the drawing), etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the outer circumference of the electrical connecting member 3 surrounding the sound hole 5 is provided with a groove 51, and the mesh cloth 6 covers the groove bottom of the groove 51.
  • the mesh 6 can be attached to the bottom of the groove of the groove 51.
  • the groove 51 functions to position and limit the mesh cloth 6 and is convenient for the operator to load during processing, and also prevents the mesh cloth 6 from being misaligned during the processing, resulting in poor product.
  • the groove 51 includes, but is not limited to, a form formed by punching or the like together with the sound hole 5.
  • the electrical connector 3 can be specifically the structure shown in Figure 2, that is, including a sheet-shaped conductive section for electrical connection, on the plane of the sheet-shaped conductive section, one side of the sheet-shaped conductive section extends the extension 301;
  • the sound hole 5 is provided on the stretch portion 301.
  • the electrical connector 3 is a sheet-like structure, and one side thereof extends outward to form a stretch portion, and the sound hole 5 is formed in the stretch portion for carrying the mesh cloth 6.
  • the strip-shaped conductive segments 3 may be two, that is, the first conductive segments 31 and the second conductive segments 32, and the first conductive segments 31 and the second conductive segments 32 are connected through the connecting portion 33.
  • the first conductive segment 31 is for electrical connection with the leads of the vibration system 2
  • the second conductive segment 32 is for conducting conduction with an external circuit.
  • the first conductive segment 31 is used to effect electrical energy transfer from the electrical connector 3 to the vibration system 2, where the external circuit is used to supply electrical energy to the electroacoustic transducer, thereby transferring electrical energy from the external circuit through the electrical connector 3.
  • the first conductive segment 31 and the second conductive segment 32 are connected by a connecting portion 33.
  • One side of the first conductive segment 31 and/or the second conductive segment 32 extends the stretch, i.e., one side of at least one of the first conductive segment 31 and the second conductive segment 32 extends the stretch.
  • first conductive segment 31, the connecting portion 33 and the second conductive segment 32 may have an L-shaped, a Z-shaped or a U-shaped structure, and the like, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the outer edge of the side magnetic conductive plate 11 can extend into the groove of the U-shaped structure, where the thickness of the magnetic conductive plate 11 is smaller than the spacing of the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped structure, so that U The upper wall and/or the lower wall of the slot is in contact with the side magnetic conductive plate 11, or the outer edge of the side magnetic conductive plate 11 protrudes into the groove of the U-shaped structure but does not contact the upper wall and the lower wall of the U-shaped groove.
  • the parts that are not in contact during the injection molding are filled with the injection molding material to enhance the overall feeling of the product.
  • This structure can also improve the strength of the side magnetic conductive plate 11 and improve the quality of the electroacoustic transducer.
  • the electrical connector 3 has a Z-shaped configuration as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the outer edge of the side magnetic conductive plate 11 may have a gap between the electrical connection member and the electrical connection member.
  • the surface of the electrical connecting member that is in contact with the side magnetic conducting plate is provided with an insulating layer.
  • the portion of the side magnetic conductive plate 11 that is not in contact with the Z-shaped structure is filled with an injection molding material to enhance the overall feeling of the product, and this structure can also enhance the strength of the side magnetic conductive plate 11 and improve the quality of the electroacoustic transducer.
  • the first conductive segment 31 is injection molded on the outer casing 4, one side of the first conductive segment 31 extends a stretch portion 301 for opening the sound hole 5, and the second conductive segment 32 is an elastic force protruding from the outer casing 1.
  • An arm (not shown), and the elastic arm includes an elastic contact of the arc structure, and the spring contact is connected to an external circuit.
  • the elastic arm 321 has a certain elasticity, and when the elastic piece contact 322 is in contact with the contact of the external circuit, the bonding degree of the two combined with each other can be enhanced, and the reliability of the use of the electroacoustic transducer is improved.
  • the electrical connection between the electrical connector 3 and the external circuit is generally realized by means of electric welding leads. Therefore, when the lead wire is spot-welded, since the space of the electroacoustic transducer is narrow, it is easy to cover the solder joint at the same time.
  • the electrical connecting member 3 and the side magnetic conducting plate 11 cause the electrical connecting member 3 and the side magnetic conducting plate 11 to be short-circuited, causing the electroacoustic transducer to be defective; therefore, when the electrical connecting member 3 is disposed, it is generally disposed on the side magnetic conducting plate 11 A gap is provided between the outer side and the side magnetic plate 11 (as shown in FIG. 3), so that a space is formed between the electrical connector 3 and the side magnetic plate 11, and the space is avoided during the injection molding.
  • the injection molding material is injection molded, and the injection molding material is generally an insulating material, so that the insulation between the electrical connector 3 and the side magnetic conductive plate 11 can be further improved, and the yield of the product can be improved.
  • the surface of the side magnetic conductive plate 11 may further be provided with an insulating layer 111, and the electrical connection member 3 is disposed at the outer edge of the side magnetic conductive plate 11 and is in contact with the side magnetic conductive plate 11.
  • the insulating layer 111 is wrapped around the surface of the entire magnetic conductive plate 11 so that the side magnetic conductive plate 11 becomes an insulator, thereby substantially avoiding the solder joints being covered at the same time when soldering the leads on the electrical connector 3.
  • the connecting member 3 and the side magnetic conductive plate 11 cause a short circuit between the electrical connecting member 3 and the side magnetic conducting plate 11 to improve the yield of the product processing.
  • the insulating layer 111 is disposed on the side magnetic conductive plate 11, it is not necessary to consider The specific position of the solder joint when soldering the lead on the electrical connector 3 only needs to ensure that the lead wire and the electrical connector 3 can be electrically connected, so the size of the electrical connector 3 and the side magnetic conductive plate 11 will be unrestricted, and the power will be The smaller the sound converter is made possible.
  • the insulating layer 111 includes, but is not limited to, an electrophoretic paint film or a plastic sprayed layer.
  • the electrophoretic paint film refers to the formation of a paint film insulation layer on the surface of the side magnetic conductive plate 11 by electrophoresis;
  • the plastic sprayed layer refers to spraying a plastic insulation layer on the surface of the side magnetic conductive plate 11 by spraying technology. .
  • the insulating layer 111 is only disposed in the preferred embodiment. There is a position where the side magnetic conductive plate 11 overlaps with the electrical connector 3. Specifically, if the second conductive end 32 of the electrical connector 3 is in a stacked relationship with the side magnetic conductive plate 11, the insulating layer 111 is disposed at a position where the second conductive end 32 and the side magnetic conductive plate 11 are stacked, which is conceivable.
  • the installation area of the insulating layer 111 should be slightly larger than the projected area of the second conductive end 32 on the side magnetic conductive plate 11 to avoid direct contact between the magnetic conductive plate 11 and the electrical connector 3 during the spot welding process, thereby causing a short circuit. Improve the pass rate of electro-acoustic converter production.
  • the sound hole 5 has a square shape and a size smaller than or equal to 0.6 mm * 0.6 mm. It is conceivable that the shape of the sound hole 5 can also be circular and elliptical, etc., and only the area thereof is emphasized to be no more than 0.6 mm * 0.6 mm.
  • the vibration system 2 includes a diaphragm 21 and a voice coil 22.
  • the magnetic circuit system 1 further includes a magnet assembly 12 and a magnetic plate assembly.
  • the voice coil 22 is fixed on the side of the diaphragm 21, and the portion of the electrical connector 3 molded into the casing 4 is electrically connected to the lead of the voice coil 22; the magnetic plate assembly 13 is located on the side of the magnet assembly 12.
  • the magnet assembly 12 includes a central magnet 121 and an edge magnet 122.
  • the side magnet 122 surrounds the outer circumference of the center magnet.
  • the magnetic conductive plate assembly includes a central magnetic conductive plate 13 and an edge magnetic conductive plate 11, and the central magnetic conductive plate 13 is disposed on the central magnet 121.
  • the side magnetic conductive plate 11 is disposed on the side magnet 122; the inner magnetic circuit formed by the center magnet 121 and the central magnetic conductive plate 13, the outer magnetic circuit formed by the side magnet 122 and the side magnetic conductive plate 11, the inner magnetic circuit and the outer magnetic field There is a magnetic gap between the paths, and the voice coil 22 is disposed in the magnetic gap.
  • the side magnetic conductive plate 11 includes, but is not limited to, a quadrilateral structure, such as a circular or elliptical structure.
  • the electrical connection member 3 is provided at both corners of a short side of the quadrilateral structure.
  • the outer edge of the quadrilateral structure and the electrical connector 3 are co-molded in the side wall of the outer casing 4, that is, the outer edge of the outer magnetic plate 11 is wrapped around the outer casing 4, and the portion of the electrical connecting member 3 except the welding lead, that is, the magnetic conductive plate at the side 11 and the periphery of the electrical connector 3 form an insulating layer to avoid direct contact with external circuits and short circuit, thereby further improving product yield.
  • the electrical connector 3 may include: a conductive segment for electrical connection and a connecting portion between the conductive segments.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for a sheet-shaped conductive segment.
  • the structure of the conductive segment in the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by any other shape, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.
  • the stretch portion 301 may be integrally formed by a conductive segment or a connecting portion, the stretch portion 301 projects into the side portion 41 of the outer casing 4, and the stretch portion 301 is located in the magnetic circuit system 1 (more specifically, the side magnet 122 shown in FIG. 1) The outer side is magnetically shielded.
  • a flow chart of a method for injection molding an electroacoustic transducer housing according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • step S100 the mesh is fixed at the sound hole of the electrical connector of the electroacoustic transducer to cover the sound hole.
  • the mesh cloth can be pasted on the electrical connector.
  • the outer circumference of the sound hole on the electrical connector can be provided with a groove, and the mesh can cover the bottom of the groove.
  • the method of arranging the sound holes and the grooves includes, but is not limited to, the form of integral forming of the stamping.
  • step S200 the electrical connector to which the mesh is fixed is injection molded to form an outer casing of the electroacoustic transducer, and a through hole communicating with the sound hole is formed at a position corresponding to the sound hole of the outer casing.
  • the sound hole and the through hole communicate with the inner and outer rear sounding channels of the electroacoustic transducer.
  • step S200 may specifically include:
  • the electrical connector to which the mesh is fixed is fed into the injection mold
  • the electrically connected electrical connector is injection molded to form an outer casing of the electroacoustic transducer, and a through hole communicating with the acoustic hole is formed at a position of the outer casing corresponding to the sound hole.
  • the electrical connector and the side magnetic plate can be simultaneously loaded into the injection mold, and the electrical connector and the edge magnetic plate are injection molded.
  • the side magnetic conductive plate and the electrical connector are co-molded and fixed on the outer casing.
  • a through hole communicating with the sound hole is formed at a position corresponding to the sound hole of the outer casing, that is, the outer casing is a transparent structure at the sound hole, and only the net is disposed in the middle cloth.
  • the sound hole and the electrical connector are integrated by opening the sound hole on the electrical connector, and then covering the sound hole with the mesh, thereby avoiding the sound hole and the electrical connector being separately arranged and additionally adding structure.
  • the space is beneficial to make the structure of the electroacoustic transducer smaller; the mesh cloth is covered on the sound hole, so that the mesh cloth and the electrical connector are integrated to form an assembly, which is convenient for the electro-acoustic converter during the injection molding process.
  • the sound hole is formed on the electrical connector, which can meet the requirement of smaller specifications of the sound hole, saves the structure space, and further facilitates the structure of the electroacoustic converter to be smaller.
  • the embodiment of the method is a method step of fabricating the embodiment of the housing in the above electroacoustic transducer, so that if it is not clear, the two can refer to each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种电声转换器及其外壳注塑方法。其电声转换器包括：磁路系统、振动系统、电连接件及收容固定所述磁路系统和所述振动系统的外壳；所述电连接件一端用于与振动系统的音圈电连接，另一端用于与外部电路电连接；其中，所述电连接件上设有声孔，所述声孔上覆盖有网布；所述电连接件及所述网布共同注塑固定在所述外壳上，且在所述外壳的对应所述声孔的位置处形成有与所述声孔连通的通孔，所述声孔和所述通孔共同组成连通所述电声转换器的内部和外部的后出声通道。本发明提供的技术方案在保证发声装置产品质量的基础上可减小声孔尺寸的大小，使其不影响其他部件的尺寸大小。

Description

电声转换器 技术领域
本发明属于发声装置技术领域，具体地，本发明涉及一种电声转换器。
背景技术
发声装置是电子产品中重要的发声部件，用于将声音信号转变成声音。目前，越来越多的扬声器和受话器采用注塑网布结构，注塑网布结构具有防尘、容易调节声学性能的优势。但是在实际产品生产时，为了实现注塑网布结构，通常模具结构较复杂，而且注塑网布面积较大，占用大量空间，进而影响其他部件的尺寸，使产品结构难以实现。
在现有技术中，扬声器或受话器的结构中导磁板、弹片以及网布往往相互分离，并分别上料到注塑模具中进行注塑而形成注塑外壳，在对网布进行上料时需要借助排布吸气、限位等结构，由于在排布吸气时吸气孔的孔径比较大，那么势必需要在注塑外壳上开设较大的声孔。而较大的声孔尺寸占用大量产品空间，影响其他部件的尺寸大小，使得结构难以实现；另外，若不使用排布吸气结构网布在加工过程中容易脱落，易造成不良品出现。
所以有必要提供新的技术方案，在保证发声装置产品质量的基础上减小声孔尺寸的大小，使其不影响其他部件的尺寸大小，结构得以实现。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种电声转换器。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种电声转换器，其包括：磁路系统、振动系统、电连接件及收容固定所述磁路系统和所述振动系统的外壳；所述电连接件一端用于与振动系统的音圈电连接，另一端用于与外部电路电连接；其中，
所述电连接件上设有声孔，所述声孔上覆盖有网布；
所述电连接件及所述网布共同注塑固定在所述外壳上，且在所述外壳的对应所述声孔的位置处形成有与所述声孔连通的通孔，所述声孔和所述通孔共同组成连通所述电声转换器的内部和外部的后出声通道。
可选地，所述电连接件包括伸展部，所述声孔开设在所述伸展部上；
所述外壳为矩形，包括边部和连接边部的拐角部，所述伸展部注塑于所述外壳的边部或者拐角部位置。
可选地，所述伸展部平行于所述外壳的上端面；或者，
所述伸展部垂直于所述外壳的上端面；或者，
所述伸展部平行于所述外壳的边部的外侧面；或者，
所述伸展部与所述外壳的边部的外侧面由上而下倾斜一个夹角设置。
可选地，所述电连接件上环绕声孔的外周设有凹槽，所述网布覆盖在所述凹槽的槽底。
可选地，所述电连接件包括：用于电连接的片状导电段；
在所述片状导电段所在平面上，所述片状导电段的一侧延展出伸展部。
可选地，所述片状导电段为两个，分别为用于与所述振动系统的引线电连接的第一导电段，以及用于与外部电路连接导通的第二导电段；
所述第一导电段与所述第二导电段之间通过连接部连接；
所述第一导电段和/或所述第二导电段的一侧延展出所述伸展部。
可选地，所述第一导电段、所述连接部与所述第二导电段呈L形、Z形或U形结构。
可选地，所述第一导电段注塑在所述外壳上，所述第一导电段的一侧延展出所述伸展部；
所述第二导电段为伸出于所述外壳外的弹力臂；
所述弹力臂包括弧形结构的弹片触点，所述弹片触点与所述外部电路连通导通。
可选地，所述电连接件包括用于电连接的导电段以及位于所述导电段之间的连接部，所述伸展部由所述导电段或者所述连接部一体延伸形成， 所述伸展部伸入所述外壳的边部中，并且所述伸展部位于所述磁路系统的外侧进行磁屏蔽。
可选地，所述磁路系统包括边导磁板，所述边导磁板为四边形结构；
所述四边形结构的一个边部的两个角处均设有所述电连接件；
所述四边形结构的外边缘及所述电连接件共同注塑在所述外壳的侧壁内。
可选地，所述电连接件设置在所述边导磁板的外侧，且与所述边导磁板之间具有缝隙；或者
所述边导磁板的表面设有绝缘层，所述电连接件设置在所述边导磁板的外边缘，且与所述边导磁板接触。
可选地，所述声孔为正方形，且尺寸小于或等于0.6mm*0.6mm。
本发明的一个技术效果在于，将声孔开设在电连接件上，网布覆盖在声孔上，采用电连接件及网布共同注塑固定在电声转换器的外壳上的工艺，无需现有技术中用于固定网布的排布吸气、限位等结构；实现更加简单，同时可满足较小声孔尺寸的需求，减小电声转换器的结构空间。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
构成说明书的一部分的附图描述了本发明的实施例，并且连同说明书一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是本发明实施例提供的电声转换器的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的电声转换器中电连接件的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的电声转换器中边导磁板及电连接件的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的电声转换器中电连接件及边导磁板注塑于外壳上的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的电声转换器的截面示意图；
图6是本发明实施例提供的电声转换器外壳注塑方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
请参考图1和图2，本发明一实施例提供的电声转换器包括磁路系统1、振动系统2、电连接件3以及外壳4。其中，外壳4收纳固定磁路系统1和振动系统2。电连接件3上设有声孔5，声孔5上覆盖有网布6，电连接件3及网布6共同注塑固定在外壳4上，且在外壳4的对应声孔5的位置处形成有与声孔5连通的通孔，声孔5和通孔共同组成连通电声转换器的内部和外部的后出声通道。
在这里，在电声转换器制作中把磁路系统1、振动系统2、电连接件3以及所述网布6放置入注塑模具中形成预设的形状，进行注塑而形成外壳4，使得外壳4收纳固定磁路系统1和振动系统2。
在一种可实现的技术方案中，如图1和图3所示，磁路系统1可包括边导磁板11，电连接件3位于边导磁板11的外周。边导磁板11和电连接件3的一部分被共同注塑固定在外壳4内，另一部分显露于外壳4之外。其中，被注塑在外壳4内的部分上设置有声孔5，声孔5的表面设置有网布6，网布6的面积大于声孔5的面积，用于覆盖声孔5；以及，在外壳4上相对于声孔5的位置具有通孔，即外壳4在声孔5处为通透结构，其中 间设有网布6。
以上实施例中，通过在电连接件3上开设声孔5，然后将网布6覆盖于声孔5上，使得声孔5和电连接件3集成在一起，避免了声孔5和电连接件3分开设置而额外增加结构空间，有利于将电声转换器的结构做得更小；将网布6覆盖在声孔5上，使得网布6和电连接件3集成在一起，便于电声转换器注塑加工时上料制模；电连接件3上开设声孔5，可以满足声孔5的较小规格需求，节省结构空间，进一步有利于将电声转换器的结构做得更小。
进一步的，如图2所示，电连接件3包括伸展部301，声孔5开设在伸展部301上。更具体的，如图1和图4所示，外壳4为矩形，包括边部41和连接边部41的拐角部42。伸展部301注塑于外壳4的边部41或者拐角部42位置。
进一步的，如图1和图5所示，伸展部301平行于外壳4的上端面43；或者伸展部垂直于外壳4的上端面43(附图中未示出垂直设置的示例)；或者伸展部平行于外壳4的边部41的外侧面411(附图中未示出平行外侧面的示例)；或者伸展部与外壳4的边部41的外侧面411由上而下倾斜一个夹角设置(附图中未示出倾斜设置的示例)等等，本发明实施例对此不作具体限定。
在另一具体实施例方案中，如图2所示，电连接件3上环绕声孔5的外周设有凹槽51，网布6覆盖在凹槽51的槽底。例如，网布6可粘贴在凹槽51的槽底。凹槽51起到对网布6定位以及限位的作用，在加工时便于操作工上料，同时也可以防止在加工过程中网布6错位，导致产品不良。在这里，凹槽51包括但不限制于是通过冲压等形式和声孔5一起形成。
另外，电连接件3可具体为图2所示的结构，即包括用于电连接的片状导电段，在片状导电段所在平面上，片状导电段的一侧延展出伸展部301；声孔5设置在伸展部301上。在这里，电连接件3为片状结构，且其一侧向外伸展而形成伸展部，伸展部上开设声孔5，用于承载网布6。
具体地，如图3所示，片状导电段3可以为两个，即第一导电段31与第二导电段32，且第一导电段31与第二导电段32通过连接部33相连 接。第一导电段31用于与振动系统2的引线电连接，第二导电段32用于与外部电路连接导通。在这里，第一导电段31用于实现由电连接件3到振动系统2的电能传递，这里的外部电路用于为电声转换器提供电能，进而通过电连接件3把外部电路的电能传递给振动系统2。第一导电段31与第二导电段32之间通过连接部33相连接。第一导电段31和/或第二导电段32的一侧延展出所述伸展部，即第一导电段31和第二导电段32中至少一个的一侧延展出伸展部。
进一步的，所述第一导电段31、所述连接部33与所述第二导电段32可呈L形、Z形或U形结构等等，本发明实施例对此不作具体限定。
电连接件3为U形结构时，边导磁板11的外边缘可伸入U形结构的槽内，在这里边导磁板11的厚度小于U形结构的U形槽的间距，使得U形槽的上壁和/或下壁与边导磁板11相接触，或者边导磁板11的外边缘伸入U形结构的槽内但并不与U形槽的上壁和下壁接触，但在注塑时未接触的部位会填充注塑材料，以提升产品整体感，这种结构还可以提升边导磁板11的强度，提升电声转换器的质量。
电连接件3为Z形结构，如图2以及图3所示。边导磁板11的外边缘可与电连接件之间留有间隙，也可与电连接件接触。但这里需要说明的是：当电连接件与边导磁板接触时，电连接件的与边导磁板接触的表面需设有绝缘层。在注塑时，边导磁板11与Z形结构未接触的部位会填充注塑材料，以提升产品整体感，这种结构还可以提升边导磁板11的强度，提升电声转换器的质量。
更具体的，第一导电段31注塑在外壳4上，第一导电段31的一侧延展出用于开设声孔5的伸展部301；第二导电段32为伸出于外壳1外的弹力臂(图中未示出)，且弹力臂包括弧形结构的弹片触点，弹片触点与外部电路连接导通。这里的弹力臂321具有一定的弹性，在弹片触点322与外部电路的触点相接触时，可以增强两者相互结合的贴合度，提升电声转换器使用的可靠度。
另外，通常情况下，电连接件3与外部电路之间的电连接一般通过电焊引线的方式实现，那么在点焊引线时，由于电声转换器的空间狭小，极 易使焊点同时覆盖在电连接件3和边导磁板11，导致电连接件3和边导磁板11接触短路，造成电声转换器不良；因此，在设置电连接件3时，一般设置在边导磁板11的外侧，并且与边导磁板11接触之间设置一间隙(如图3所示)，使其电连接件3和边导磁板11之间形成一避让空间，而在注塑时避让空间里被注塑入注塑材料，而注塑材料一般都是绝缘材料，这样可以进一步提高电连接件3与边导磁板11之间的绝缘性，提升产品制作的合格率。
以及，在本发明其他的实施例中，边导磁板11的表面还可设有绝缘层111，电连接件3设置在边导磁板11的外边缘，且与边导磁板11接触。具体地，绝缘层111包裹于整个边导磁板11的表面，使得边导磁板11成为一绝缘体，进而从根本上避免了在电连接件3上焊接引线时，将焊点同时覆盖在电连接件3和边导磁板11上而引起电连接件3和边导磁板11接触短路，提升产品加工的合格率，另外，由于边导磁板11上设置有绝缘层111，不必考虑在电连接件3上焊接引线时焊点的具体位置，仅需要保证引线与电连接件3可以电性连接即可，因此电连接件3和边导磁板11的尺寸将不受限制，将电声转换器制作的更小变为可能。
需要指出的是，在上述电声转换器制作中，将磁路系统1、振动系统2以及电连接件3放置入注塑模具之前，就需要在磁路系统1的边导磁板11上做绝缘层111。在这里，绝缘层111包括但不限制于是电泳漆膜或塑料喷涂层。在这里，电泳漆膜是指利用电泳技术在边导磁板11的表面上形成漆膜绝缘层；塑料喷涂层是指利用喷涂技术在边导磁板11的表面上喷涂上一层塑料绝缘层。
由于在电连接件3上焊接电连接振动系统2的引线时极易导致边导磁板11与电连接件3直接接触而造成短路，因此，在较佳的实施例中绝缘层111仅设于边导磁板11的与电连接件3存在重叠的位置。具体地，如电连接件3的第二导电端32与边导磁板11之间是层叠关系，那么绝缘层111设于第二导电端32与边导磁板11层叠的位置，可以想到的是，绝缘层111的设置面积应稍大于第二导电端32在边导磁板11上的投影面积，以避免在点焊过程中边导磁板11与电连接件3直接接触而造成短路，提升电声转 换器制作的合格率。
更进一步地，所述声孔5的形状为正方形，且尺寸小于或等于0.6mm*0.6mm。可以想到的是，所述声孔5的形状还可以圆形以及椭圆形等，在这里仅仅强调其面积不大于0.6mm*0.6mm。
另外，请参考图1，振动系统2包括振膜21以及音圈22，磁路系统1还包括磁铁组件12以及导磁板组件。其中，音圈22固定在振膜21一侧，电连接件3注塑在外壳4内的部分与音圈22的引线电连接；导磁板组件13位于磁铁组件12一侧。磁铁组件12包括中心磁铁121和边磁铁122，边磁铁122围绕在中心磁铁的外周；导磁板组件包括中心导磁板13和边导磁板11，中心导磁板13设置在中心磁铁121上，边导磁板11设置在边磁铁122上；中心磁铁121和中心导磁板13形成的内磁路，与边磁铁122和边导磁板11形成的外磁路，内磁路和外磁路之间具有磁间隙，音圈22设置在磁间隙内。
进一步地，边导磁板11包括但不限制于是四边形结构，如还可以是圆形或者椭圆形结构。在一种可实现的技术方案中，如图3所示，四边形结构的一短边两个角处均设有电连接件3。四边形结构的外边缘及电连接件3共同注塑在外壳4的侧壁内，即外壳4包裹边导磁板11的外边缘，以及电连接件3除焊接引线的部位，即在边导磁板11以及电连接件3的外围形成一绝缘层，避免其与外部电路直接接触而短路，进一步提升产品合格率。
进一步的，如上述内容可知，本实施例提供的电声转换器中，电连接件3可包括：用于电连接的导电段以及位于导电段之间的连接部。其中，上述实施例中提供了一种片状导电段的方案，实际上本发明实施例中导电段的结构还可采用其他任意形状实现，本发明对此不作具体限定。伸展部301可由导电段或者连接部一体延伸形成，伸展部301伸入外壳4的边部41中，并且伸展部301位于磁路系统1(更具体的，如图1所示的边磁铁122)的外侧进行磁屏蔽。
请参考图6，为本发明一实施例提供的电声转换器外壳注塑方法的流 程示意图，所述方法包括：
步骤S100，将网布固定在电声转换器的电连接件的声孔处，以覆盖所述声孔。
具体实施时，可将网布粘贴在电连接件上。如上述实施例可知，电连接件上环绕声孔的外周可设有凹槽，网布可覆盖在凹槽的底部。这里声孔以及凹槽的设置方法包括但不限制于冲压的形式一体成型方式。
步骤S200，对固定有网布的电连接件进行注塑形成所述电声转换器的外壳，且在所述外壳的对应所述声孔的位置处形成与所述声孔连通的通孔。
其中，所述声孔与所述通孔共同连通所述电声转换器的内部和外部的后出声通道。
具体实现时，上述步骤S200可具体包括：
首先，将固定有网布的电连接件上料至注塑模具中；
然后，对上料完毕的所述电连接件进行注塑形成所述电声转换器的外壳，且在所述外壳的对应所述声孔的位置处形成有与所述声孔连通的通孔。
对于包含有边导磁板的电声转换器来说，上述注塑过程中，电连接件和边导磁板可同时上料至注塑模具中，对电连接件及边导磁板进行注塑，以将边导磁板及电连接件共同注塑固定在外壳上。在这里，所述外壳的对应所述声孔的位置处形成有与所述声孔连通的通孔，即所述外壳在所述声孔处为通透结构，其中间仅仅设置有所述网布。
以上实施例中，通过在电连接件上开设声孔，然后将网布覆盖于声孔上，使得声孔和电连接件集成在一起，避免了声孔和电连接件分开设置而额外增加结构空间，有利于将电声转换器的结构做得更小；将网布覆盖在声孔上，使得网布和电连接件集成在一起形成组合件，便于电声转换器注塑加工时上料制模；电连接件上开设声孔，可以满足声孔的较小规格需求，节省结构空间，进一步有利于将电声转换器的结构做得更小。
这里需要说明的是：本方法实施例为制作上述电声转换器中外壳实施例的方法步骤，因此如遇不清楚之处，两者可以相互参考。
虽然已经通过示例对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上示例仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限 制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电声转换器，其特征在于，包括：磁路系统、振动系统、电连接件及收容固定所述磁路系统和所述振动系统的外壳；所述电连接件一端用于与振动系统的音圈电连接，另一端用于与外部电路电连接；其中，
    所述电连接件上设有声孔，所述声孔上覆盖有网布；
    所述电连接件及所述网布共同注塑固定在所述外壳上，且在所述外壳的对应所述声孔的位置处形成有与所述声孔连通的通孔，所述声孔和所述通孔共同组成连通所述电声转换器的内部和外部的后出声通道。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电声转换器，其特征在于，所述电连接件包括伸展部，所述声孔开设在所述伸展部上；
    所述外壳为矩形，包括边部和连接边部的拐角部，所述伸展部注塑于所述外壳的边部或者拐角部位置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电声转换器，其特征在于，所述伸展部平行于所述外壳的上端面；或者，
    所述伸展部垂直于所述外壳的上端面；或者，
    所述伸展部平行于所述外壳的边部的外侧面；或者，
    所述伸展部与所述外壳的边部的外侧面由上而下倾斜一个夹角设置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电声转换器，其特征在于，所述电连接件上环绕声孔的外周设有凹槽，所述网布覆盖在所述凹槽的槽底。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电声转换器，其特征在于，所述电连接件包括：用于电连接的片状导电段；
    在所述片状导电段所在平面上，所述片状导电段的一侧延展出伸展部。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电声转换器，其特征在于，所述片状导电段为两个，分别为用于与所述振动系统的引线电连接的第一导电段，以及用于与外部电路连接导通的第二导电段；
    所述第一导电段与所述第二导电段之间通过连接部连接；
    所述第一导电段和/或所述第二导电段的一侧延展出所述伸展部。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电声转换器，其特征在于，所述第一导电段、所述连接部与所述第二导电段呈L形、Z形或U形结构。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电声转换器，其特征在于，所述第一导电段注塑在所述外壳上，所述第一导电段的一侧延展出所述伸展部；
    所述第二导电段为伸出于所述外壳外的弹力臂；
    所述弹力臂包括弧形结构的弹片触点，所述弹片触点与所述外部电路连通导通。
  9. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电声转换器，其特征在于，所述电连接件包括用于电连接的导电段以及位于所述导电段之间的连接部，所述伸展部由所述导电段或者所述连接部一体延伸形成，所述伸展部伸入所述外壳的边部中，并且所述伸展部位于所述磁路系统的外侧进行磁屏蔽。
  10. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电声转换器，其特征在于，所述磁路系统包括边导磁板，所述边导磁板为四边形结构；
    所述四边形结构的一个边部的两个角处均设有所述电连接件；
    所述四边形结构的外边缘及所述电连接件共同注塑在所述外壳的侧壁内。
PCT/CN2018/123199 2018-02-24 2018-12-24 电声转换器 WO2019161701A1 (zh)

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