WO2019154645A1 - Procede de separation d'olefines non lineaires d'une charge olefinique par distillation reactive - Google Patents
Procede de separation d'olefines non lineaires d'une charge olefinique par distillation reactive Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019154645A1 WO2019154645A1 PCT/EP2019/051942 EP2019051942W WO2019154645A1 WO 2019154645 A1 WO2019154645 A1 WO 2019154645A1 EP 2019051942 W EP2019051942 W EP 2019051942W WO 2019154645 A1 WO2019154645 A1 WO 2019154645A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/20—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms
- C07C1/24—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms by elimination of water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/009—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping in combination with chemical reactions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/42—Regulation; Control
- B01D3/4205—Reflux ratio control splitter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/05—Preparation of ethers by addition of compounds to unsaturated compounds
- C07C41/06—Preparation of ethers by addition of compounds to unsaturated compounds by addition of organic compounds only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/22—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by isomerisation
- C07C5/27—Rearrangement of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon skeleton
- C07C5/2767—Changing the number of side-chains
- C07C5/277—Catalytic processes
- C07C5/2775—Catalytic processes with crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/04—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/148—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound
- C07C7/14875—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound with organic compounds
- C07C7/14891—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound with organic compounds alcohols
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the reactive distillation treatment of an olefinic feed so as to produce an olefinic effluent comprising essentially linear olefins, the desired chain length, and tertiary branched olefins at a content of less than or equal to 3% weight.
- the present invention applies to an olefinic feedstock comprising a mixture of n-butenes (1-butene, 2-butenes) and isobutene, to produce an effluent with an isobutene content of less than or equal to 3% by weight.
- the present invention also relates to a process for the isomerization dehydration of alcohols to olefins, the conversion of the alcohol to olefins being advantageously carried out on a zeolitic catalyst of the FER type, preferably with a molar ratio Si / Al of less than 100, comprising a step improved treatment of olefinic raffinate produced to obtain an effluent comprising substantially linear olefins with a content of tertiary branched olefins less than or equal to 3% by weight.
- the olefinic effluent obtained essentially comprising the linear olefins concerned, has the advantage of being used as a reagent in a metathesis reaction.
- WO 2011/113834 describes simultaneous dehydration and skeletal isomerization of isobutanol.
- the maximum proportion of n-butenes obtained in the raffinate is 58.4% at 375 ° C and high PPH (12.6 h 1 ) on a powdered Si / Al Zeolite IR 33. From WO 2011/113834 such a mixture can be used, for example, for the conversion of isobutene to ethers, terbutyl alcohol or oligomers or for the conversion of n-butenes in metathesis reactions.
- WO 2011/113834 mentions the catalytic distillation consisting in the isomerization of 1-butene to 2-butene, which is heavier, and in the separation by distillation of 2-butene which is extracted at the bottom of the column and outgoing isobutene at the top of the column.
- WO 2011/113834 gives no indication as to the quality of the isobutene / 2-butene separation.
- WO 2011/113834 gives no indication as to the composition of the 2-butene effluent and the yields of n-butenes recovered after this catalytic distillation.
- Patent EP 2 547 639 specifies that the n-butenes can be used in metathesis when the olefinic stream comprises less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight, of isobutene. To eliminate isobutene and achieve this specification, EP 2 547 639 proposes the methods of conversion of isobutene and separation cited in the document WO 2011/113834 (oligomerization, etherification, hydration to alcohol, catalytic distillation with conversion of 1-butene to 2-butene and simultaneous separation of 2-butene).
- US Pat. No. 7,473,812 discloses a method for removing isobutene from a mixture of isomers of butene (n-butenes and isobutene) consisting of a first oligomerization step of isobutene and then a second etherification step. remaining isobutene (representing around 10% by weight of the raffinate from the first stage) with an alcohol, for example ethanol, on an acid catalyst.
- an alcohol for example ethanol
- the etherification step consists more precisely in the succession of an etherification of the isobutene remaining in a reactor under the thermodynamic conditions followed by a reactive distillation to convert the residual isobutene representing only 0.57% by weight of the effluent from the thermodynamic reactor in ether and separating the ether formed, in a column comprising an upper rectification zone, a reactive intermediate zone and a lower fractionation zone, at a pressure adjusted to 7.5 bar.
- US Pat. No. 5,368,691 discloses a method for the reactive distillation of a feedstock from an etherification reactor, comprising isobutene (approximately 5% by weight), linear butenes, methanol and methyl terbutyl ether (MTBE), so as to improve the overall yield of MTBE ether.
- the reactive distillation column comprises an upper rectification zone comprising 7 theoretical plates, a reactive intermediate zone comprising a sulphonic resin as catalyst and a lower fractionation zone.
- the column is operated at a pressure of 8 bar, a reflux of 1: 1, a temperature at the top of the column of 67 ° C and a bottom temperature of 140 ° C.
- a complement of methanol may be added at the level of the first reagent tray.
- Patent FR 2,675,055 describes a process for synthesizing MTBE comprising a reactive column fed with a charge containing methanol and a mixture of butenes and butanes containing approximately 5% of isobutene, at a pressure of 0.5 MPa and a temperature between 60 and 80 ° C, the feedstock being derived from a first conversion step during which the isobutene of the feedstock (about 25%) is converted to 80% MTBE.
- This method allows a conversion of about 80% of the residual isobutene.
- EP 0 755 706 also describes a reactive distillation method for improving the conversion of isobutene to MTBE ether.
- the reactive distillation column is fed with a feedstock from a first etherification reaction section and further comprising 2.7% by weight of isobutene.
- the column comprises an upper rectification zone with 8 theoretical plates, a reactive intermediate zone with 5 catalytic beds comprising a sulfonic resin and a lower fractionation zone.
- the column is operated at a relative pressure 0.7 MPa, with a reflux ratio of 1: 1 and a temperature profile of 62 ° C overhead at 139 ° C bottom.
- the Applicant has discovered that the separation and etherification of tertiary branched olefins from the olefinic feedstock in a distillation column reactive under particular conditions, in particular the location and the amount of the alcohol feedstock, the pressure, the temperature, the reflux ratio makes it possible to reach a sufficiently low concentration of tertiary branched olefins in the olefinic top effluent to be able to use this olefinic effluent in a metathesis reaction, for limited alcohol losses and at a reasonable cost.
- the Applicant has found that the treatment of the olefinic charge by reactive distillation, implementing an etherification reaction, under particular conditions, makes it possible to comply with the specifications imposed by the metathesis which requires a content less than or equal to 3 % by weight of tertiary branched olefins in the olefinic feed to be processed.
- the invention relates to a process for the reactive distillation treatment of an olefin feed comprising linear olefins with n carbon atoms, n being an integer between 4 and 10, and branched olefins, the branched olefins comprising tertiary branched olefins.
- said process comprising feeding a distillation section reactive to said olefinic feedstock and feeding said distillation section reactive to an alcoholic filler, said alcoholic filler comprising at least one primary alcohol, characterized in that: said reactive distillation section comprises a column comprising a reflux zone at the top of the column, an intermediate reaction zone comprising at least 6 reactive doublets, each reactive doublet comprising a catalytic bed followed by a theoretical separation plate, and a lower fractionation zone comprising between 5 and 25 theoretical plates, said reactive distillation section is operated at a relative pressure at the top of the column in the reflux zone between 0.3 and 0.5 MPa, a temperature at the top of the
- the invention is advantageously applied to the treatment of the effluent resulting from the isomerization dehydration of alcohols, preferably monoalcohols, substituted in the 2-position by an alkyl group and in which the hydroxyl-OH group is carried by a primary carbon atom.
- the invention applies to the treatment of the effluent resulting from the isomerizing dehydration, advantageously over a zeolitic FER type catalyst, preferably with a molar ratio Si / Al of less than 100, of isobutanol alone or in admixture with other isomers of butanol.
- the invention more particularly relates to a process for the reactive distillation treatment of an olefinic feed comprising a mixture of linear butenes and branched olefins comprising tertiary branched olefins, preferably comprising at least 70% by weight of said mixture and preferably comprising at least 10% by weight of tertiary branched olefins, so as to produce an olefinic effluent, comprising having a tertiary branched olefin mass content of less than or equal to 3% by weight, and a heavy hydrocarbon effluent, said heavy hydrocarbon effluent being an effluent containing at least 50% by weight of hydrocarbons comprising more than 4 carbon atoms, said process comprising feeding a distillation section reactive to said olefinic feedstock and supplying said reactive distillation section to an alcohol feedstock said alcohol charge comprising at least one primary alcohol, characterized in that : said reactive distillation section comprises a column comprising
- the invention also relates to a process for the isomerizing dehydration of a feedstock comprising from 40 to 100% by weight of alcohol substituted in the 2-position by an alkyl group and in which the hydroxyl group -OH is carried by a primary carbon atom, said process comprising at least one step of converting said substituted alcohol to olefin and a step implementing the treatment method according to the invention of the olefinic raffinate produced in the conversion step.
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain, from an olefinic feedstock comprising at least 10% by weight of tertiary branched olefins, an olefinic effluent meeting the specifications of a feedstock supplying a metathesis unit.
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain an olefinic effluent with a content of tertiary branched olefins of less than or equal to 3% by weight.
- the olefinic effluent essentially comprises linear olefins, advantageously corresponding to the alcohol (s) substituted in the 2-position by an alkyl group and whose hydroxyl-OH groups are borne by primary carbon atoms, alcohol. (s) of which they are derived, and tertiary branched olefins corresponding to a content less than or equal to 3% by weight.
- the invention makes it possible to obtain a butene effluent essentially comprising linear butenes (1-butene and 2-butenes), that is to say at least 70% by weight of linear butenes, and comprising a lower content or equal to 3% by weight of tertiary branched olefins, especially the isobutene group and tertiary branched olefins with 5 carbon atoms.
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to achieve tertiary branched olefin content specifications, that is to say an olefinic effluent with a content of less than or equal to 3% by weight.
- tertiary tertiary branched olefins for limited losses of primary alcohol, introduced into the process according to the invention to allow the etherification reaction.
- the low content of tertiary branched olefins is also achieved for a limited cost.
- Another advantage of the process according to the invention lies in the separation of the olefins, preferably linear, the desired chain length (number of carbon atoms), hydrocarbon impurities and / or water possibly included in the feedstock. treat.
- olefinic filler is understood to mean a filler comprising at least 70% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight and even more preferably at least 90% by weight of olefins, preferably of targeted olefins.
- olefinic effluent or olefinic effluent comprising essentially linear olefins is understood to mean the effluent extracted at the top of the column comprising at least 70% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight and even more preferably at least 90% by weight.
- the olefinic effluent extracted at the top of the reactive distillation column may contain water.
- the olefins referred to included in the charge to be treated and the olefinic effluent, are olefins with n carbon atoms, n being an integer between 4 and 10, preferably between 4 and 8, and very preferred between 4 and 5.
- the linear olefins referred to are linear butenes (1-butene and 2-butene) and the corresponding tertiary branched olefin is isobutene.
- the tertiary branched olefins are olefins in which at least one of the carbon atoms participating in a double bond is tertiary.
- Tertiary branched olefins have the property of reacting to the etherification reaction. They can form an ether after reaction with an alcohol.
- hydrocarbon effluent an effluent comprising at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight, of hydrocarbons comprising more than n carbon atoms, n having the above definition.
- the numbering of the theoretical plates and the positioning of the various elements in the column are effected in the direction of flow of the liquid in the column, that is, to say from the head to the bottom of the column.
- losses of primary alcohol for example ethanol, generally expressed in percentages by weight (% by weight) are understood to mean the weight ratio of the total amounts (by weight) of primary alcohol found in the olefinic top effluent. and in the bottom hydrocarbon effluent with respect to the amounts (by weight) of primary alcohol introduced.
- the expression "between ... and " means that the limit values of the range are included in the range of values described. If this were not the case and the limit values were not included in the described range, such precision would be provided by the present invention.
- the present invention consists in a process for the reactive distillation treatment of an olefinic feed comprising linear olefins with n carbon atoms, n being an integer between 4 and 10, and branched olefins, the branched olefins comprising branched olefins.
- said process comprising feeding a distillation section reactive to said olefinic feedstock and feeding said reactive distillation section to an alcohol feed, said alcohol feed comprising at least one primary alcohol, characterized in that that: said reactive distillation section comprises a column co comprising a reflux zone at the top of the column, an intermediate reaction zone comprising at least 6 reactive doublets, each reactive doublet comprising a catalytic bed followed by a theoretical separation plate, and a lower fractionation zone comprising between 5 and 25 theoretical plates said reactive distillation section is operated at a relative pressure at the top of the column in the reflux zone of between 0.3 and 0.5 MPa, a temperature at the top of the column in the reflux zone of between 40 ° C.
- said reactive section is supplied with said olefinic feed in the fractionation zone of the column and the alcohol charge in the reflux zone, so that the molar ratio of the primary alcohol introduced relative to the tertiary branched olefins, having a number of carbon atoms less than or equal to (n + 1), of the olefinic feed is between 0.8 and 1.1.
- the olefinic feedstock treated by the process according to the invention is characterized by its high content of olefins. It advantageously contains at least at least 70% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight, and still more preferably at least 90% by weight of linear and branched olefins, preferably of desired chain length, that is to say comprising n carbon atoms, n being a an integer of between 4 and 10, preferably between 4 and 8 and very preferably between 4 and 5.
- the high olefin content gives this cup a particularly high reactivity, both in the downstream recovery stages and in the stages of transformation or treatment that it undergoes.
- the branched olefins with n carbon atoms include tertiary olefins with n carbon atoms
- the olefinic feedstock treated according to the invention is a mixture of linear and branched olefins, the branched olefins being tertiary and non-tertiary branched olefins.
- the olefinic feedstock typically comprises at least 10% by weight, in particular at least 15% by weight of tertiary branched olefins, in particular having a carbon number of less than or equal to (n + 1), mixed with the linear olefins with n carbon atoms. , n having the above definition.
- the olefins present predominantly in the feed are olefins with n carbon atoms, n being an integer between 4 and 10, preferably between 4 and 8 and very preferably between 4 and 5.
- the olefins present mainly in the feed are olefins with 4 carbon atoms, more particularly butenes.
- the olefinic feedstock to be treated comprises in particular a mixture of n-butenes (1-butene and 2-butenes) and branched olefins comprising tertiary branched olefins, such as isobutene and optionally other tertiary branched olefins having at least 5 atoms. of carbon.
- the olefinic feedstock treated according to the invention is preferably a feedstock comprising at least 70% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight, and even more preferably at least 85% by weight of said mixture of n-butenes and branched olefins comprising tertiary branched olefins, and comprising at least 10% by weight, preferably at least 15% by weight and preferably at least 20% by weight of tertiary branched olefins.
- the olefinic feedstock treated according to the invention may also contain water and / or other hydrocarbon compounds (impurities).
- the hydrocarbon compounds may be paraffins, dienes and oxygenated organic compounds, among which mention may be made of aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, acetals, ethers, esters, furans and carboxylic acids.
- the olefinic feed may further contain inorganic impurities, for example sodium salts.
- the olefinic feedstock treated according to the invention is derived from the isomerization dehydration of alcohol, preferably of a monoalcohol, substituted in position 2 by a group alkyl and whose hydroxyl-OH group is carried by a primary carbon atom.
- the olefinic feedstock treated according to the invention is derived from the isomerizing dehydration, advantageously over a zeolitic FER type catalyst, preferably with a Si / Al molar ratio of less than 100, more preferably between 8 and 70, of isobutanol. or a mixture of isomers of butanol comprising isobutanol.
- the treatment process according to the invention comprises a reactive distillation section in which the etherification of tertiary branched olefins is carried out, in particular comprising a number of carbon atoms less than or equal to n, n having the definition previously mentioned, by for example isobutene and tertiary branched olefins with 5 carbon atoms, included in the olefinic feed and the separation of the linear olefins (ie linear olefins with n carbon atoms) of the heavy compounds (impurities) , comprising more than n carbon atoms, optionally included in the olefinic feed, and ethers formed.
- a reactive distillation section in which the etherification of tertiary branched olefins is carried out, in particular comprising a number of carbon atoms less than or equal to n, n having the definition previously mentioned, by for example isobutene and tertiary branched
- the reactive distillation section comprises a column comprising a reflux zone at the top of the column, a reaction intermediate zone where the catalytic beds are located and a lower zone of fractionation.
- the reflux zone is composed of two or three theoretical plateaus.
- the reactive distillation section comprises, at the top of the column, a reflux system with at least one condenser and a return of the flow in the reflux zone of said column.
- the reflux systems that can be used in the process according to the invention are those well known to those skilled in the art.
- the condenser is counted as the theoretical plate 1 and the reflux is thus reintroduced into the column on the theoretical plate 2.
- the intermediate reaction zone corresponds to the catalytic section, or reaction section, in which the etherification reaction is carried out, in particular between the tertiary branched olefins of the feedstock that is to be removed and the primary alcohol introduced into the column.
- the intermediate reaction zone comprises at least 6 reactive doublets, preferably between 6 and 12 reactive doublets and preferably between 6 and 10 reactive doublets.
- a reactive doublet comprises a catalytic bed followed by a theoretical separation plate.
- the theoretical separation plate is located downstream of the catalytic bed in the direction of flow of the liquid.
- the catalytic doublet according to the invention may also comprise a distributor plate upstream of the catalytic bed. According to the invention, a reactive doublet is counted as two theoretical stages (or theoretical plates).
- the first reactive doublet is between the theoretical plates 4 and 5 or 5 and 6, preferably between the theoretical plates 5 and 6.
- the first reactive doublet means the upper reactive doublet, that is to say the one adjacent to the reflux zone, and the last reactive doublet, the lower reactive doublet, that is to say the one adjacent to the reaction zone. splitting.
- the catalyst bed comprises a catalyst, preferably an acid catalyst, in particular a Bronsted acid catalyst.
- the catalyst may be a resin, preferably acid, ion exchange. and in particular a cation exchange resin, preferably in its acid form.
- the catalyst is a proton exchange resin, preferably a sulfonic acid resin, such as a sulfonated styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer resin.
- the lower zone of fractionation comprises between 5 and 25 theoretical plates, preferably between 7 and 23 theoretical plates, preferably between 10 and 15 theoretical plates.
- the distillation section comprises a reboiling system located on the bottom side of the column and comprising for example a reboiler outside the column and a return of the effluent to the bottom of the column.
- a reboiling system located on the bottom side of the column and comprising for example a reboiler outside the column and a return of the effluent to the bottom of the column.
- the supply of the olefinic reactive distillation section to be treated is in the fractionation zone of the column (lower zone of the column).
- the olefinic feedstock to be treated is in the upper third of the fractionation zone of the column.
- the column is fed with the olefinic feedstock at the second theoretical plate below the last reactive doublet.
- the reactive distillation section is fed with an alcoholic feed comprising at least one primary alcohol, advantageously in liquid form, at the reflux zone of the column.
- the alcohol charge comprises a primary alcohol, preferably selected from ethanol and methanol.
- Said alcohol filler comprises at least 20% by weight, preferably at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 35% by weight and preferably at least 40% by weight of primary alcohol.
- the alcohol charge comprises up to 99% by weight, preferably up to 99.9% by weight, very preferably up to 100% by weight of primary alcohol.
- the said alcohol charge is poor in water; it comprises from 0 to 50% by weight of water.
- Said alcohol charge may also comprise impurities such as aldehydes, ketones, acids, the content of which represents at most 1% by weight of said alcohol charge, and heteroelements such as Na, K, Al, Fe in ionic form at a concentration of content less than 500 ppm, preferably less than 100 ppm, these heteroelements having a negative effect on the life of the catalysts, in particular ion exchange resins advantageously used in the process according to the invention.
- impurities such as aldehydes, ketones, acids, the content of which represents at most 1% by weight of said alcohol charge
- heteroelements such as Na, K, Al, Fe in ionic form at a concentration of content less than 500 ppm, preferably less than 100 ppm, these heteroelements having a negative effect on the life of the catalysts, in particular ion exchange resins advantageously used in the process according to the invention.
- the alcoholic filler comprises ethanol, preferably at a content greater than or equal to 35% by weight, in particular at a content of between 35% and 99% by weight, preferably between 35% and 99.9%. weight, relative to the total weight of the alcohol charge.
- Said alcohol filler comprising ethanol may also advantageously comprise, between 0 and 50% by weight of water, a content of alcohols other than ethanol, such as, for example, methanol, butanol and / or isopentanol, less than 10% by weight, and preferably less than 5% by weight, a content of oxygenated compounds other than alcohols such as, for example, ethers, acids, ketones, aldehydes and / or esters of less than 1% by weight and a content nitrogen and sulfur, organic and inorganic, less than 0.5% by weight, the weight percentages being expressed relative to the total weight of said alcohol charge.
- a content of alcohols other than ethanol such as, for example, methanol, butanol and / or isopentanol, less than 10% by weight, and preferably less than 5% by weight
- a content of oxygenated compounds other than alcohols such as, for example, ethers, acids, ketones, aldehydes and / or esters of less than 1%
- the alcohol charge may optionally be obtained by a process for synthesizing alcohol from fossil resources such as, for example, from coal, natural gas or carbonaceous waste. It can also advantageously come from non-fossil resources.
- the alcohol feedstock comprising ethanol is produced from a renewable source from biomass, often referred to as "bioethanol”.
- Bioethanol is a filler produced biologically, preferably by fermentation of sugars from, for example, sugar plant crops such as sugar cane (sucrose, glucose, fructose, and sucrose), beets, or starchy plants (starch ) or lignocellulosic biomass or hydrolysed cellulose (majority glucose and xylose, galactose), containing varying amounts of water.
- sugar plant crops such as sugar cane (sucrose, glucose, fructose, and sucrose), beets, or starchy plants (starch ) or lignocellulosic biomass or hydrolysed cellulose (majority glucose and xylose, galactose), containing varying amounts of water.
- sugar plant crops such as sugar cane (sucrose, glucose, fructose, and sucrose), beets, or starchy plants (starch ) or lignocellulosic biomass or hydrolysed cellulose (majority glucose and xylose, gal
- acetic acid or acetic esters are advantageously hydrogenated with hydrogen to ethanol.
- Acetic acid can advantageously be obtained by carbonylation of methanol or by fermentation of carbohydrates.
- the alcoholic feed comprising ethanol is produced from a renewable source derived from biomass.
- the reactive distillation section is fed with an alcoholic feed comprising at least one primary alcohol, such as methanol or ethanol, preferably ethanol, advantageously in liquid form, at the reflux zone. of the column.
- the alcohol charge is preferably introduced at the level of the downstream theoretical plate adjacent to the reflux plate, that is to say at the theoretical plate 3 according to the usual numbering and with the use of a reflux system with condenser ( theoretical plate 1) and the return of the reflux in theoretical plate 2.
- the amount of alcohol filler comprising at least one primary alcohol introduced into the column is such that the molar ratio of said primary alcohol introduced relative to the tertiary branched olefins of the olefinic feed having a number of carbon atoms less than or equal to (n + 1 ), n being an integer between 4 and 10, as previously defined, is between 0.8 and 1.1, preferably between 0.9 and 1.1 and preferably between 0.9 and 1.0.
- the amount of alcohol feed introduced into the column is such that that the molar ratio of said primary alcohol, preferably ethanol, of the feed alcohol introduced, relative to the isobutene and to the tertiary branched olefins with 5 carbon atoms of the olefinic feed is between 0.8 and 1.1 preferably between 0.9 and 1.1 and preferably between 0.9 and 1.0.
- the primary alcohol of the alcohol charge reacts with the tertiary tertiary branched olefins with n carbon atoms and the lighter tertiary branched olefins having a carbon number of less than n, n having the above-mentioned definition.
- the primary alcohol can also be reacted with tertiary branched olefins at (n + 1) carbon atoms, possibly present in the olefinic feedstock, preferably at a low content, such as, for example, at a mass content of less than or equal to 5% relative to to the mass of the olefinic charge.
- the primary alcohol of the alcohol feedstock can react with, in addition to isobutene, the tertiary branched olefins at C5, C5. that is to say the tertiary branched olefins with 5 carbon atoms, possibly present in the olefinic feedstock to be treated.
- C5 tertiary branched olefins can indeed be driven to the reaction section where they can react with the primary alcohol to form an ether.
- Tertiary or non-tertiary branched olefins having a higher carbon number are carried in turn into the fractionation zone of the column and will be extracted with the heavy hydrocarbon effluent at the bottom of the column.
- the molar ratio between the primary alcohol, preferably ethanol, of the feed alcohol introduced, and the combination of isobutene and C5 tertiary branched olefins of the olefinic feed is between 0.8 and 1.1, preferably between 0.9 and 1.1 and preferably between 0.9 and 1.0.
- the quantity of primary alcohol introduced can also be adjusted relative to the amount of isobutene of the olefinic feed, in a molar ratio between the primary alcohol and isobutene of between 0.9 and 1.1, preferably between 0 and 1.1. , 95 and 1.05 and even more preferably between 1.0 and 1.05.
- the content of branched tertiary or non-tertiary olefin (s) of the filler is determined by any method known to those skilled in the art, for example by gas chromatography. These same methods of analysis are used to verify the content of tertiary branched olefins in the olefinic effluent extracted at the top of the column of the process according to the invention.
- n is an integer between 4 and 10 as defined above, substituted in position. 2 with an alkyl group and in which the hydroxyl-OH group is carried by a primary carbon atom, to olefins with n carbon atoms, for example the isomerization dehydration process of isobutanol to butenes, the content of tertiary branched olefins; , such as isobutene and optionally tertiary branched olefins having 5 carbon atoms, in the olefinic raffinate leaving the reaction section of the isomerizing dehydration process (raffinate which constitutes the olefinic feedstock of the reactive distillation section according to the present invention) is determined on a sample taken upstream of the reactive distillation section according to the present invention, preferably upstream of a possible
- the olefinic feedstock to be treated which feeds the reactive distillation section is in liquid form or in gaseous form, preferably in gaseous form.
- the alcoholic filler comprising the primary alcohol, for its part is advantageously introduced into the column in liquid form.
- the olefinic feedstock is in gaseous form and the alcohol feedstock comprising the primary alcohol is in liquid form.
- the reactive distillation section is operated at a relative pressure at the top of the column of between 0.3 and 0.5 MPa, preferably between 0.35 and 0.40 MPa, at a temperature at the top of the column. between 40 ° C and 60 ° C, preferably between 45 ° C and 55 ° C, with a molar reflux ratio of between 1.8 and 2.2, preferably between 1.9 and 2.1.
- the maximum content of 3% by weight of tertiary branched olefins (such as isobutene) in the olefinic effluent recovered at the top can be reached with limited losses of primary alcohol introduced, advantageously losses of primary alcohol less than or equal to 15% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 10% by weight.
- the efficiency of the reaction section is, in fact, optimal and the ether formed is extracted in the heavy hydrocarbon effluent at the bottom of the column with the hydrocarbon impurities possibly contained in the feedstock. .
- the olefinic effluent extracted at the top which meets the specifications of tertiary branched olefin content (less than or equal to 3% by weight), can then be used as a reagent in a metathesis unit.
- the specific operating conditions of the invention in particular of specific pressure and temperature, as well as the particular characteristics of the column make it possible to limit the oligomerization of branched olefins, in particular tertiary olefins, and the degradation of the catalyst, in particular of the ion exchange resin, thus reducing the risk of premature fouling of the reactive distillation column.
- the process according to the invention is incorporated in a process for converting alcohols to olefins.
- the process according to the invention is more particularly integrated in the isomerization dehydration process of butanol, more specifically isobutanol, alone or mixed with the other isomers of butanol, butene as a treatment step of the olefinic raffinate resulting from conversion reactor.
- the olefinic feedstock to be treated according to the process of the invention comprises a mixture of n-butenes and tertiary branched olefins, in particular isobutene, and the primary alcohol introduced into the column.
- Reactive distillation is ethanol
- one of the ethers formed is ethyl tert-butyl ether (or ethyl tert-butyl ether) (or ETBE).
- the olefinic effluent extracted at the top of the column which may comprise primary alcohol introduced as an etherification reagent, may be treated to remove said primary alcohol, for example by washing with water, in particular in a liquid contactor. liquid operating for example at a relative pressure of 1 MPa and a temperature of between 20 and 40 ° C.
- FIG.s are identical to FIG. 1
- FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of the reactive distillation section of the process according to the invention, said reactive distillation section comprising a reflux zone at the top of the column at which reflux (4) is introduced, an intermediate reaction zone (5). comprising at least 6 reactive doublets and a lower fractionation zone (6) comprising between 5 and 25 theoretical plates, said reactive distillation section being supplied with the olefinic feed (1) in the fractionation zone (6) of the column and the alcohol charge in the reflux zone of the column, the olefinic effluent (3) being extracted at the top of the column and the heavy hydrocarbon effluent (7) at the bottom of the column.
- said reactive distillation section being supplied with the olefinic feed (1) in the fractionation zone (6) of the column and the alcohol charge in the reflux zone of the column, the olefinic effluent (3) being extracted at the top of the column and the heavy hydrocarbon effluent (7) at the bottom of the column.
- An olefinic feed resulting from the dehydration of isobutanol, comprising 21.8% by weight of isobutene and 2.15% of C5 tertiary branched olefins, supplies, in gaseous form, a reactive distillation column comprising 42 theoretical plates. in total and provided with a reflux system with condenser.
- a stream of ethanol (EtOH) in liquid form is injected into the column in the reflux zone, on the theoretical plate 3.
- the catalyst used is a sulfonic acid resin, Amberlyst® 15, sold by Dow.
- Table 1 also includes, for each test carried out, the results obtained in terms of tertiary branched olefin content C 4 (that is to say to 4 carbon atoms, ie isobutene) and C 5 of the effluent recovered in the lead and total losses in ethanol. Ethanol losses (% wt) are calculated as follows:
- Table 1 Characteristics of the column, operating conditions used and performances obtained (content of tertiary branched olefins C4 and C5 of the olefinic effluent and losses in
- Table 2 gathers the mass compositions of the feedstock and of the olefinic effluent extracted at the top in the case of test 2.
- Table 2 shows that the content of tertiary branched olefins (2.76% by weight), ie isobutene and C5 tertiary branched olefins, in the olefinic top effluent of less than 3% by weight with respect to total weight of the olefinic effluent.
- An olefinic feed, resulting from the dehydration of isobutanol, comprising 21.8% by weight of isobutene and 2.15% by weight of tertiary branched olefins in C5 is treated using a method using a column. reactive distillation. An ethanol stream is introduced into the feedstock upstream of the reactive distillation column.
- the catalyst used is a sulfonic acid resin, Amberlyst® 15, sold by Dow.
- Table 3 groups together the parameters used (column characteristics and operating conditions) and the performance of the reactive distillation section in terms of the isobutene content of the olefinic effluent extracted at the top and losses in ethanol.
- the C 4 and C 5 branched tertiary olefin content in the overhead effluent is 23.4% by weight. It is therefore well above the target (less than or equal to 3% weight). The losses in ethanol are also very high (90.0% weight).
- the tertiary branched olefins of the feed were substantially unconverted to ethers and thus could not be separated from the linear butenes when the ethanol was fed to the column with the feed.
- Table 3 Characteristics of the column, operating conditions used and performances obtained (content of tertiary branched olefins in C4 and C5 of the olefinic effluent and losses in
- Table 4 groups together the characteristics of the column, the operating conditions used and the performance of the reactive distillation section (tertiary branched olefin content C4 and C5 of the effluent at the top and losses in ethanol).
- Table 4 Column characteristics, operating conditions and performances obtained (tertiary branched olefin content C4 and C5 of the olefinic effluent and losses in ethanol)
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BR112020015066-5A BR112020015066B1 (pt) | 2018-02-09 | 2019-01-28 | Processo de separação de olefinas não lineares de uma carga olefínica por destilação reativa |
US16/968,186 US11267771B2 (en) | 2018-02-09 | 2019-01-28 | Method for separating non-linear olefins from an olefin feed by reactive distillation |
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FR1851134 | 2018-02-09 | ||
FR1851134A FR3077818B1 (fr) | 2018-02-09 | 2018-02-09 | Procede de separation d'olefines non lineaires d'une charge olefinique par distillation reactive |
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US4307254A (en) * | 1979-02-21 | 1981-12-22 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Catalytic distillation process |
FR2675055A1 (fr) | 1991-04-12 | 1992-10-16 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Appareil de distillation-reaction et son utilisation notamment pour la synthese d'ethers. |
WO1994008927A1 (fr) * | 1992-10-16 | 1994-04-28 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Procede de preparation d'etbe |
US5368691A (en) | 1991-12-16 | 1994-11-29 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Reactive distillation process and apparatus for carrying it out |
EP0755706A1 (fr) | 1995-07-24 | 1997-01-29 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Procédé et dispositif de distillation réactive avec distribution particulière des phases liquide et vapeur |
DE102006057856A1 (de) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-19 | Evonik Oxeno Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkyl-tert-butylether und hochreinem Raffinat II |
US7473812B2 (en) | 2003-01-23 | 2009-01-06 | Oxeno Olefinchemie Gmbh | Method for producing butene oligomers and tert-butyl ethers from C4 flows containing isobutene |
WO2011113834A1 (fr) | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-22 | Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy | Déshydratation et isomérisation squelettale simultanées d'isobutanol sur des catalyseurs acides |
EP2547639A1 (fr) | 2010-03-15 | 2013-01-23 | Total Research & Technology Feluy | Production de propylène par déshydratation et isomérisation de squelette simultanées de l'isobutanol sur des catalyseurs acides suivies par une métathèse |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE69200154T2 (de) | 1991-03-08 | 1994-09-15 | Inst Francais Du Petrol | Destillations-Reaktionsvorrichtung und ihre Verwendung. |
-
2018
- 2018-02-09 FR FR1851134A patent/FR3077818B1/fr active Active
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2019
- 2019-01-28 WO PCT/EP2019/051942 patent/WO2019154645A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2019-01-28 US US16/968,186 patent/US11267771B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4307254A (en) * | 1979-02-21 | 1981-12-22 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Catalytic distillation process |
FR2675055A1 (fr) | 1991-04-12 | 1992-10-16 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Appareil de distillation-reaction et son utilisation notamment pour la synthese d'ethers. |
US5368691A (en) | 1991-12-16 | 1994-11-29 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Reactive distillation process and apparatus for carrying it out |
WO1994008927A1 (fr) * | 1992-10-16 | 1994-04-28 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Procede de preparation d'etbe |
EP0755706A1 (fr) | 1995-07-24 | 1997-01-29 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Procédé et dispositif de distillation réactive avec distribution particulière des phases liquide et vapeur |
US7473812B2 (en) | 2003-01-23 | 2009-01-06 | Oxeno Olefinchemie Gmbh | Method for producing butene oligomers and tert-butyl ethers from C4 flows containing isobutene |
DE102006057856A1 (de) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-19 | Evonik Oxeno Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkyl-tert-butylether und hochreinem Raffinat II |
WO2011113834A1 (fr) | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-22 | Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy | Déshydratation et isomérisation squelettale simultanées d'isobutanol sur des catalyseurs acides |
EP2547639A1 (fr) | 2010-03-15 | 2013-01-23 | Total Research & Technology Feluy | Production de propylène par déshydratation et isomérisation de squelette simultanées de l'isobutanol sur des catalyseurs acides suivies par une métathèse |
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BR112020015066A2 (pt) | 2020-12-08 |
US11267771B2 (en) | 2022-03-08 |
FR3077818B1 (fr) | 2020-02-28 |
US20210371360A1 (en) | 2021-12-02 |
FR3077818A1 (fr) | 2019-08-16 |
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