Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
  • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
  • B27K3/0207—Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
  • B27K3/0214—Drying
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
  • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
  • B27K3/0207—Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
  • B27K3/0221—Pore opening
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K1/00—Damping wood
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
  • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
  • B27K3/0207—Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
  • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
  • B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
  • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
  • B27K3/20—Compounds of alkali metals or ammonium
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
  • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
  • B27K3/22—Compounds of zinc or copper
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
  • B27K5/001—Heating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
  • B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
  • B27K5/06—Softening or hardening of wood
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
  • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B21/042—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of wood

Definitions

• the present invention relates to treating wood in order to alter its utilization properties. Specifically the invention relates to treating wood in order to improve the rot and fire resistance properties thereof. In more detail the invention relates to an apparatus according to the preamble of claim 1 for a method of treating wood..
• Wood material treated with soluble glass can be treated with citric acid or malic acid.
• Publication EP 2 646 208 describes a method using post-drying in elevated
• the present invention relates to treatment of wood with alkaline silicates, such as soluble glass, or copper compounds.
• alkaline silicates such as soluble glass, or copper compounds.
• the treatment allows improvement of the rot resistance of the wood and with soluble glass and other alkaline silicates allow improving the fire resistance of the wood.
• With soluble glass wood can be treated so as to be quite fire resistant.
• rot resistance and other weather resistance are considerably improved, whereby the method is suitable for production of wood material used in wood structures requiring weather resistance.
• the wood material is kept in hot liquid at a temperature from 100 to 260 °C, the wood material is dried and liquid treatment substance is impregnated thereto at a pressure of 5 to 20 bar.
• the liquid treatment substance is alkaline silicate or copper-containing treatment substance.
• the liquid treatment substance is soluble glass.
• the wood material is dried in partial vacuum (pressure lower than ambient pressure) subsequent to treatment with hot liquid.
• the wood material is treated with hot water.
• the wood material is treated with hot liquid in pressurized conditions.
• the wood material is treated in pressure lower than ambient pressure subsequent to drying.
• the wood material is post-dried subsequent to pressure treatment with a liquid treatment substance.
• the wood material is solid wood.
• the wood material is softwood, such as pine or spruce.
• the hot liquid contains a base, such as lye.
• the at least one liquid treatment material contains at least one metal salt from group of: sodium sulphate or - chloride, magnesium sulphate or chloride or barium sulphate or chloride or pine oil.
• FIGURE 1 is a flow diagram showing a method according to at least one embodiment.
• solid wood means wood consisting of one piece.
• Wood material means wood-based materials consisting of a number of pieces, such a pieces of solid wood attached to each other, veneers, battens, boards, wood chips and combinations thereof, but not limiting thereto.
• Ambient pressure and temperature mean a general temperature in the production plant, standard room temperature to be more precise, and pressure on sea level.
• wood material is treated by first keeping it in a hot liquid.
• the purpose of the treatment with hot liquid is to provide space into the cell structure of the wood for other materials to be impregnated thereto.
• the treatment substances can be alkaline silicates, copper or copper-containing impregnation substances.
• the aim of liquid treatment is to improve the penetration rate and amount of treatment substance being transferred to the wood material. The end result is, depending on the treatment substance, e.g. a very fire-resistant and/or a rot-resistant wood product.
• FIG. 1 shows the method according to one embodiment as a flow chart.
• the first step of the method is treatment of wood material with hot liquid.
• the liquid is water.
• Additives can be added to water for enhancing the treatment.
• Such an additive could be a hemicellulose-dissolving washing agent.
• the washing agent can be lye or other corresponding strong base.
• the liquid used in the hot treatment must be hot enough for opening the cell structure, but the intention is not to cause cell changes in the wood material. From 100 to 260 °C is a suitable temperature range.
• the duration of the heat treatment must be sufficiently long. The length of the treatment time depends on the desired strength of the treatment and the thickness of the piece to be treated. Typically the treatment time ranges from 0.5 to 8 hours.
• a separate vacuum treatment can be made in a third step, i.e. the wood material can be treated in pressure lower than the ambient pressure for removing air and other gases.
• the lowest treatment pressure can be very low, for example technical vacuum.
• Soluble glass is one of these treatment substances. Soluble glass can be used for improving fire resistance and weather resistance. Depending on the amount of soluble glass used the result can be wood material with slightly improved fire resistance or petrified wood with very good fire and weather resistance. All intermediate forms are naturally also possible.
• the aim of the hot liquid treatment is to increase the penetration rate of the liquid treatment substance into the wood and the amount thereof remaining in the wood, it is most preferable in products in which the aim is to add great amounts of treatment substance in relation to the mass of the wood material to be treated.
• a vacuum treatment is made before the treatment with liquid treatment substance, it is preferable to maintain the wood material in reduced pressure until it is submerged into the liquid treatment material.
• Such a procedure can be carried out in the same treatment vessel in which the pressure can be changed so as to be higher or lower than the ambient pressure.
• the pressure in the vessel or tank can be changed by known methods using vacuum pumps, compressors or liquid pumps.
• the invention can be carried out by means of known apparatuses from wood processing industry, such as driers and impregnators, suitable modified when necessary.
• the invention can be applied to all kinds of wood-based construction materials.
• Hot water treatment can, however, weaken the properties of glued or bonded materials, whereby the method is more effective in the treatment of solid wood.
• Hemicellulose can be removed from wood material by means of the method. Usually the removal of hemicellulose is an expensive procedure, and at least some of the hemicellulose can be inexpensively removed from the wood material by means of the invention.
• the wood material to be treated is preferable softwood, as it is more porous than hardwood, and larger amounts of treatment substance can be introduced into the softwood by means of the treatment. Pine and spruce can be mentioned as examples of wood species suitable for treatment.
• Acid addition can be used for enhancing the polymerization of soluble glass.
• This acid can be added in hot state into the liquid or the liquid treatment substance or the acid treatment can be a separate step subsequent to impregnation with liquid treatment substance.
• Treatment temperature range 100 to 260 °C
• step 2 the wood material is dried in partial vacuum or by some conventional means. The heat transferred into the wood during liquid treatment enhances drying.
• step 3 it is possible to perform an optional vacuum treatment for removing air from the wood material.
• the aim of this step is to increase penetration rate and the amount of transferred material.
• the wood material is in a gaseous atmosphere, in a pressure lower than the ambient pressure.
• the treatment with liquid treatment material is performed in step 4, in a pressure from 5 to 20 bar.
• the treatment time can be from minutes (2 to 10 minutes) to up to 48 hours.
• the liquid treatment substance can be a salt of metal, preferably from the group calcium sulphate or chloride, magnesium sulphate or chloride or barium sulphate or chloride or pine oil and combinations thereof. These salts and pine oil can be added or used as liquids and also in connection with the treatment by means of hot liquid.
• Fire and weather resistant wood-based materials can be produced by means of the invention for various application requiring such resistance. LIST OF REFERENCES

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=65724437

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Citations (2)

• 2018
  • 2018-01-23 FI FI20185064A patent/FI128756B/fi active IP Right Grant
• 2019
  • 2019-01-22 EP EP19709994.8A patent/EP3743253A1/en active Pending
  • 2019-01-22 WO PCT/FI2019/050051 patent/WO2019145606A1/en unknown

Patent Citations (2)

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