WO2019139557A1 - Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu en écoulement et dispositif de mise en œuvre - Google Patents

Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu en écoulement et dispositif de mise en œuvre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019139557A1
WO2019139557A1 PCT/UA2018/000078 UA2018000078W WO2019139557A1 WO 2019139557 A1 WO2019139557 A1 WO 2019139557A1 UA 2018000078 W UA2018000078 W UA 2018000078W WO 2019139557 A1 WO2019139557 A1 WO 2019139557A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
walls
adjacent
jets
zone
particles
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/UA2018/000078
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Владимир Степанович СУХИН
Ирина Владимировна ЧЕРНОБАЙ
Геннадий Тамазиевич КАЛИЧАВА
Original Assignee
Владимир Степанович СУХИН
Ирина Владимировна ЧЕРНОБАЙ
Геннадий Тамазиевич КАЛИЧАВА
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Владимир Степанович СУХИН, Ирина Владимировна ЧЕРНОБАЙ, Геннадий Тамазиевич КАЛИЧАВА filed Critical Владимир Степанович СУХИН
Priority to PL18899852.0T priority Critical patent/PL3695911T3/pl
Priority to EP18899852.0A priority patent/EP3695911B1/fr
Publication of WO2019139557A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019139557A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods and devices for air separation of bulk materials and can be used mainly in agriculture for cleaning and sorting seeds of cereal, grass and other crops, at breeding stations, in farms, in milling and animal feed production , as well as in the production of building materials, in the food, chemical, coal industries and in other sectors of the national economy.
  • a method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid includes a gravitational feed of particles, an aerodynamic monotonically increasing effect on them at an acute angle to the vertical by a cascade of flat jets and the removal of finished fractions, while the action of the cascade of flat jets occurs in a free alternating force scan with growth amplitude and scan angle.
  • a device for implementing the indicated method comprises a hopper with a vibratory tray, a jet generator mounted underneath with flat nozzles located one below the other and at an acute angle to the vertical, the cross-sectional height of which, step and installation angle, are increased from top to bottom, while the generator is connected to the air supply source under pressure and is covered by the side walls, and fraction collectors are located under the nozzles [see US Pat. Of Ukraine N ° 45881 according to class B07B 4/02 published on April 15, 2002 in Byul. four].
  • the main disadvantage of this method of separation is the low quality separation of the granular mixture into fractions, especially particles with a significant difference in mass and density.
  • the essence of this drawback is as follows: the alternating and free operation of the cascade of jets inevitably leads to the periodic, unstable in time and space appearance of pressure and rarefaction zones with the appearance of forward and reverse flows. In the reverse flow zone, particles (especially light ones) are drawn into motion in the opposite direction to the main flow, which leads to partial mixing of the already separated material. The instability in time of this phenomenon ultimately leads to the opening (rupture) of the cascade of air jets in any random place, which leads to a breakdown in the generation of the total air flow, which drastically reduces the quality of separation.
  • a disadvantage of the known device is the imperfection of the design of the generator of the cascade of air jets, in particular, its nozzles, the design feature of which cannot eliminate the appearance of reverse air flows in the separation chamber, which leads to a decrease in the quality of the separation process.
  • a method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid includes a gravitational feed of particles of the mixture, aerodynamic monotonously growing exposure to them at an acute angle to the vertical by a cascade of flat jets and removal of the finished fractions, while before aerodynamic impact on the particles of the mixture, the flow of each air jet is transferred to the developed turbulence mode by expanding these jets vertically until they merge with each other with a faulty or close to it form of flow and formation at the beginning of each inter-jet space of all adjacent jets of at least two circulation zones that differ in magnitude.
  • a device for implementing the proposed method for the separation of a granular mixture in a fluid contains a hopper with a vibrating tray for gravitational supply of the mixture to the separation zone, under which the jet generator is installed, with nozzles located one below the other and at an acute angle to the vertical with rigid walls adjacent to them from above over the entire width, as well as the step and width of the nozzle arrangement increases from top to bottom, and the generator is connected to a source of pressurized air and covered by side walls, which simultaneously form by separating from the fraction collector chamber located underneath.
  • the width of the rigid wall is at least three sizes of the cross-sectional height of the adjoining nozzle, and the ratio of the nozzle installation step to the cross-sectional height of the upper nozzle relative to it is at least four [see International application N Q WO2010056220 for classes B07B 11/00, B07B4 / 02, B07B 4/00, published on 05/20/2010].
  • the main disadvantage of the known method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid is its low productivity, predetermined by the insufficient intensity of the separation process. This is due, first of all, to technological limitations regarding the provision of turbulence, and namely, by only bilateral expansion of the jets with their subsequent merging into one faulty flow. In this case, it is impossible to stably maintain sufficiently powerful turbulence, since only two circulation zones arise and function (according to the stated proposal, no less than two, but, as practice shows, no more, to confirm of which, see Fig. 1 in the indicated international application, where circulation zones are depicted by the author).
  • the main disadvantage of the known device for separating granular mixture in a fluid is the presence in its design of plane-horizontal nozzles in the generator. It is known that the nozzle, as a technological device, is designed to accelerate liquids or gases to a given speed and give the flow a certain direction. As a result of the use of plane-horizontal nozzles in the design of the known device, the cascade of air jets is too powerful and fast (high-speed), therefore, the zone of developed turbulence shifts to the middle It has a small chamber and has a small length; therefore, in it the complete separation of the mixture into fractions does not have time to occur completely.
  • a method of separating a granular mixture in a fluid medium which involves the gravitational flow of particles of a mixture, aerodynamically monotonically increasing exposure to them at an acute angle to the vertical by a cascade of plane jets and the withdrawal of finished fractions, moreover, before aerodynamic exposure to particles of the mixture, the value of each jet is transferred to the regime of developed turbulence by expanding them vertically to merge with each other with a faulty or close to it flow pattern and forming at the beginning of each inter-jet space all adjacent pages first two circulation zones - upper and lower - differing in dimensions of frames.
  • a feature of this method is that before the formation of the circulation zones, a sharp change in the direction of the flow of jets is carried out from vertical to almost horizontal, followed by their vertical compression.
  • a device for implementing the described method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid contains a hopper with a vibrating tray, an air generator mounted under it, with rigid walls located one below the other and at an acute angle to the vertical, the pitch and width of which are increased from top to bottom, and connected with a source of air supply under pressure to the generator and covered by the side walls, as well as fraction collectors; moreover, the end of each rigid wall along its entire length is provided with an additional wall located to it at an angle, the width of which is less than the distance between the adjacent rigid wall at the top, which are horizontally displaced to form a gap relative to the lower a rigid wall, and the rotation chamber of the air flow at the entrance to the gap, while the rotation chamber and the gaps increase from top to bottom [see US Pat. Russian Federation NQ 2462319 C2 in class B07B
  • the main disadvantage of the known separation method is that it does not provide high-quality separation into fractions of particles of complex shape and inhomogeneous surface roughness.
  • the presence of this drawback is explained by the structural imperfection of the device that implements this method.
  • the jet generator is arranged in such a way that air jets exit into the cracks between the solid wall and, in accordance with the Coanda effect, deviate (sticks) to the additional wall.
  • a rarefaction zone appears, where two turbulent zones of comparable size are clearly formed, and behind them, almost symmetrically to them, is a third weakly pronounced turbulent zone, about the same sizes.
  • the three turbulent zones form an almost symmetrical figure consisting of turbulent zones.
  • a lot of air vortices arise of a small and (attention!)
  • the same (emphasized specially) size which, subsequently, when they merge, causes a straight-line outflow of jets, the vector of which is directed upwardly inclined. Since all vortices are the same size and rotate at the same speed
  • the total turbulent flow is insensitive to the shape and heterogeneity of the roughness of the separated particles.
  • the separated material for example, the grain mass
  • the known method separates particles into fractions according to size), but also different in shape and roughness, these physical parameters of the particles
  • the known method is not able to take these circumstances into account therefore, it interacts poorly with the indicated particles, as a result of which they fall into the wrong fraction collectors into which they would have to fall in size. All this, on the whole, reduces the quality of separation caused by the specifics of the turbulent flow (symmetry and the presence of vortices in it with the same kinetic energy), which is formed due to the design features of the jet generator.
  • the basis of the invention is the task of improving the quality of separation of particles of complex shape and with non-uniform surface roughness by creating an ascending turbulent flow with inhomogeneous cross-sectional properties by changing the design of the jet generator.
  • a multi-jet generator installed under it, including rigid walls located at an acute angle to the vertical, with additional adjoining to them at an angle walls forming gap gaps with adjacent pairs of walls, the generator being connected to a pressure source and covered by side walls with fraction collectors; according to the proposal, gap gaps are located above rigid tenkami, and the additional walls adjoin the rigid walls at an angle of more than 90 °, and the width of the additional walls is at least seven times the width of the adjacent gaps and twice as large as the width of the solid walls mating with them.
  • the proposed technical solution provides for separation in a turbulent flow asymmetric in structure, which is characterized by the presence of different-sized vortices in it, which, interacting with each other, exchange energy more intensively than vortices of the same size (characteristic of the prototype), due to the difference linear rotational speeds, which leads to the intensification of turbulence in the total air flow.
  • Increasing the air flow turbulence allows, firstly, to reduce the length of the separation chamber, therefore, the metal consumption of the device (separator), and secondly, to reduce the energy intensity of the separation process, therefore, the use of power equipment (fan) of lower power, to increase universality ( increase insensitivity to the composition and type of bulk mixture), thirdly, to improve the quality of separation independently mo from the shape and roughness of the particles contained in the granular mixture.
  • Figure 2 is a cross section of a multi-jet generator to explain the process of forming circulation zones.
  • a device for implementing the proposed method for separating granular mixture in a fluid medium consists of a hopper 1 with a vibrating tray 2 for gravitational feeding particles of the granular mixture into the separation zone.
  • a multi-jet generator 3 is installed under the vibration tray 2, which is a closed volume with a set of output slotted gaps 4 of predominantly rectangular cross-section. The height of the cross section of the exit slit gaps 4 and the interval between them increase from top to bottom. Slot gaps 4 are located above the hard walls 5, and the additional walls 6 are adjacent to the hard walls at an angle a> 90 °. The width of the additional walls 6 is at least seven times greater than the width of the adjacent slotted gaps 4 and twice as large as the width of the solid walls 5.
  • the fraction collectors 7 are adjacent to the multi-jet generator 3 from the side of the slotted holes 4.
  • Multi-jet generator 3 connected with a source of air supply to it under pressure P, and its side edges are covered by side walls 8.
  • the proposed method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid medium is as follows.
  • the bulk mixture to be separated from the hopper 1 with the help of the vibratory tray 2 is gravitationally fed into the separation zone. Particles of this mixture, which are in free fall, act at an acute angle to the vertical by a cascade of air jets in the regime of developed deep turbulence.
  • the upper part of the air flow leaving the slot gap 4 immediately begins to deviate upward, since it does not encounter a mechanical obstacle in its path, and the lower part of the same air flow continues to move parallel to the rigid wall 5 and only at its end has the ability to deviate slightly down.
  • a significant difference between the proposed method for the separation of mixture particles in a fluid medium and, accordingly, the device for its implementation, from other known solutions in this field of knowledge consists in the formation in the turbulization zone of changes in the conditions of separation of the air flow with the formation of air vortices of different sizes, therefore and possessing different kinetic energy, and this is how to increase the power and increase the degree of turbulent operation of the cascade of air jets.
  • This difference provides a high quality separation process and, at the same time, a significant simplification of the design of the device.
  • None of the known methods for separating a granular mixture in a fluid can simultaneously possess all of these properties, since they generally do not envisage changes in the conditions of separation of air jets, an increase in the turbulization zone, in particular, by the formation of microvortices, personal in size.
  • the proposed method and device do not contain any elements or processes that could not be reproduced at the present stage of development of science and technology, in particular, in the production of air separators, therefore, are considered such that meet the criterion of "industrial applicability ".
  • the quintessence of the proposed technical solutions is that during the separation process during the formation of circulation zones, a self-oscillating process occurs in the confluence zone of the jets with the formation of vortices of various sizes, due to a change in the design of the multi-jet generator of the separation device, which, in total , allows one to significantly bend up the cascade of air jets and increase the degree of turbulization of the cascade of jets, therefore, increase the intensity of exposure to particles of a mixture of different shapes and roughness, and thereby improve the quality of separation while reducing the energy resources used, and it is these circumstances that made it possible to acquire the above-mentioned and other advantages of the proposed method and device.

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)

Abstract

Le procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu en écoulement consiste à amener des particules par gravité, produire une action aérodynamique croissante monotone sur les particules à un angle aigu par rapport à une verticale par cascade de jets d'air plats, et évacuer les fractions prêtes. Avant d'agir sur les particules, chaque flux est élargi jusqu'à fusionner avec son voisin. On crée dans l'espace entre les jets et avant la fusion de jets adjacents deux zones de circulations de tailles différentes, une supérieure et une inférieure. L'élargissement de départ est réalisé de manière continue et unilatéralement, et uniquement vers le haut de manière à former une zone de circulation stable inférieure. La zone de circulation supérieure est formée périodiquement grâce aux auto-oscillations de la limite de fusion des flux adjacents le long et en travers du sens de déplacement du flux global. La taille de la zone de circulation supérieure à son maximum ne dépasse pas la taille de la zone de circulation inférieure. Le dispositif comprend une trémie avec une table vibrante, un générateurs de jets multiples disposé sous celle-ci, des parois rigides disposées à un angle aigü par rapport à la verticale et avec lesquelles des parois suplémentaires entrent en contact selon un angle de plus de 90°. Le générateur est entouré par des parois latérales avec des collecteurs de fractions, et est relié à la source. Les parois supplémentaires forment avec des paires voisines de paroi des jours de type fentes. La largeur des parois supplémentaire est au moins sept fois supérieure à la largeur des jours adjacents et deux fois supérieure à la largeur des parois rigides connectées à elles.
PCT/UA2018/000078 2018-01-15 2018-07-16 Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu en écoulement et dispositif de mise en œuvre WO2019139557A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL18899852.0T PL3695911T3 (pl) 2018-01-15 2018-07-16 Sposób oddzielania luźnej mieszaniny w przepływającym medium i urządzenie do realizacji tego sposobu
EP18899852.0A EP3695911B1 (fr) 2018-01-15 2018-07-16 Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu en écoulement et dispositif de mise en oeuvre

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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UAA201800397 2018-01-15
UAA201800397U UA126036U (uk) 2018-01-15 2018-01-15 Спосіб сепарації сипучої суміші у текучому середовищі

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WO2019139557A1 true WO2019139557A1 (fr) 2019-07-18

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EP (1) EP3695911B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL3695911T3 (fr)
UA (1) UA126036U (fr)
WO (1) WO2019139557A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
UA45881U (ru) 2009-07-09 2009-11-25 Национальный Университет Пищевых Технологий Мясные фрикадельки с ламинарией
WO2010056220A1 (fr) 2008-11-12 2010-05-20 Suhin Vladimir Stepanovich Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu fluidique et dispositif pour réaliser ce procédé
RU2403096C1 (ru) * 2009-03-10 2010-11-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственная фирма "АЭРОМЕХ" (ООО "НПФ "АЭРОМЕХ") Способ сепарации сыпучей смеси в текучей среде и устройство для его осуществления
RU2462319C2 (ru) 2010-11-17 2012-09-27 Владимир Степанович Сухин Способ сепарации сыпучей смеси в текучей среде и устройство для его реализации
US20150189828A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2015-07-09 Vaderstad-Verken Ab Separator, Dispensing Device, Agricultural Implement and Method of Separating Granular Material

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
UA45881A (uk) * 2001-08-14 2002-04-15 Володимир Степанович Сухін Спосіб сепарування сипучої суміші у текучому середовищі та пристрій для його здійснення
RU2340411C1 (ru) * 2007-05-28 2008-12-10 Владимир Митрофанович Косилов Высокочастотный струйный генератор для сепарации сыпучей смеси в текучей среде

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010056220A1 (fr) 2008-11-12 2010-05-20 Suhin Vladimir Stepanovich Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu fluidique et dispositif pour réaliser ce procédé
RU2403096C1 (ru) * 2009-03-10 2010-11-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственная фирма "АЭРОМЕХ" (ООО "НПФ "АЭРОМЕХ") Способ сепарации сыпучей смеси в текучей среде и устройство для его осуществления
UA45881U (ru) 2009-07-09 2009-11-25 Национальный Университет Пищевых Технологий Мясные фрикадельки с ламинарией
RU2462319C2 (ru) 2010-11-17 2012-09-27 Владимир Степанович Сухин Способ сепарации сыпучей смеси в текучей среде и устройство для его реализации
US20150189828A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2015-07-09 Vaderstad-Verken Ab Separator, Dispensing Device, Agricultural Implement and Method of Separating Granular Material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3695911A4 (fr) 2021-07-14
EP3695911C0 (fr) 2023-09-06
UA126036U (uk) 2018-06-11
EP3695911A1 (fr) 2020-08-19
EP3695911B1 (fr) 2023-09-06
PL3695911T3 (pl) 2024-05-06

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