EP3695911A1 - Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu en écoulement et dispositif de mise en uvre - Google Patents

Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu en écoulement et dispositif de mise en uvre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3695911A1
EP3695911A1 EP18899852.0A EP18899852A EP3695911A1 EP 3695911 A1 EP3695911 A1 EP 3695911A1 EP 18899852 A EP18899852 A EP 18899852A EP 3695911 A1 EP3695911 A1 EP 3695911A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
walls
jets
particles
adjacent
width
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EP18899852.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3695911B1 (fr
EP3695911C0 (fr
EP3695911A4 (fr
Inventor
Vladimir Stepanovich Suhin
Irina Vladimirovna CHERNOBAY
Gwnnadij Tamazevich KALICHAVA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods and devices for air separation of loose materials and may be advantageously utilized in agriculture for purification and sorting of seed of cereal, grass and other crops, at breeding stations, at farming enterprises, in flour and provender milling, as well as in production of building materials, in food, chemical, coal industry and in other sectors of national economy.
  • the device for carrying out said method comprises a hopper having a vibrating chute, a jet generator disposed therebelow with planar nozzles arranged one below another and at an acute angle to the vertical, their cross-section, pitch and position angle increase from top downward, wherein the generator is coupled to a pressurized air supply and surrounded by lateral walls, while fraction collectors are arranged below the nozzles [see pat. of Ukraine No. 45881 in the class B07B 4/02 published on 15.04.2002 in the Bul. 4].
  • a main disadvantage of the known separation method lies in a low quality of separation of the loose mixture into fractions, particularly, particles having a significant difference in weight and density.
  • the essence of this disadvantage lies in the following: the alternating and free operation mode of the cascade of jets imminently leads to a periodic, instable over time and space occurrence of pressure and exhaustion zones accompanied by appearance of direct and reverse flows. In the zone of reverse flows there occurs a drawing of particles (especially the light ones) into a movement that is reverse to a direction of the main flow that leads to a partial mixing of the already separated material.
  • a disadvantage of the known device lies in an imperfection of a structure of the generator of the cascade of air jets, in particular, its nozzles, which structural design cannot eliminate the occurrence of the reverse air flows in a separation chamber that leads to the reduction of the separation quality.
  • the method for separating a loose mixture in a flowing medium involves gravity feeding of particles of the mixture, subjecting them to an aerodynamic, monotonically increasing action at an acute angle to the vertical by means of a cascade of planar jets, and outputting the separated fractions, wherein prior to subjecting the particles of the mixture to the aerodynamic action, a flow of each air jet is switched to a mode of a developed turbulence by means of expanding these jets along the vertical until they merge with each other with an eagre form of the flow or close thereto and creation, in the beginning of each interjet space of all adjacent jets, of not less than two differently sized circulation zones.
  • the device for carrying out the suggested method for separating a loose mixture in a flowing medium comprises a hopper having a vibrating chute for gravity feeding the mixture to the separation zone, a jet generator disposed therebelow with nozzles are arranged one below another and at an acute angle to the vertical, the nozzles having rigid walls abutting to them from the top along the entire width, as well as a pitch and an arrangement width of the nozzles increase from top downward, and the generator is coupled to an air supply for supplying a pressurized air thereto and surrounded by lateral walls, which simultaneously form a separation chamber having fraction collectors arranged therebelow.
  • the width dimension of the rigid wall is not less than three height dimensions of the cross-section of the abutting nozzle, and a ratio of arrangement pitch of the nozzles to the height of the cross-section of the upper nozzle relative thereto is not less than four [see the International application No. WO2010056220 in the classes B07B 11/00, B07B4 /02, B07B 4/00, published on 20.05.2010].
  • a main disadvantage of the known method for separating a loose mixture in a flowing medium lies in its low performance that is predefined by an insignificant intensity of the separation process. Firstly, it is caused by technological limitations in terms of provision of the turbulence mode, namely: by means of a mere two-side extension of the jets followed by their merge into a single eagre flow. In this case it is not possible to maintain a relatively powerful turbulence, since only two circulation zones occur and operate (according to the claimed subject matter, not less than two, however, as practice shows, not more as well, for the confirmation see Fig. 1 in said international application, wherein the author illustrates the circulation zones).
  • a main disadvantage of the known device for separating the loose mixture in the flowing medium is a presence of flat and horizontal nozzles in the structure thereof. It is known that a nozzle, as a technological device, is intended to accelerate liquids or gases up to a given speed and to set a certain direction of the flow. As a result of utilizing the flat and horizontal nozzles in the structure of the known device, the resulted cascade of air jets is too powerful and rapid (high-speed), so that the zone of the developed turbulence is displaced to the middle of the separation chamber and has a small length, thus, the separation of the mixture into fractions fails to occur fully therein.
  • the closest ones are a method for separating a loose mixture in a flowing medium and a device for carrying out said method, which are taken as a prototype and which process and structural essence lies in the following.
  • the method for separating a loose mixture in a flowing medium comprising gravity feeding of particles of the mixture, subjecting them to an aerodynamic, monotonically increasing action at an acute angle to the vertical by means of a cascade of planar jets, and outputting the separated fractions, wherein prior to subjecting the particles of the mixture to the aerodynamic action, a flow of each jet is switched to a mode of a developed turbulence by means of expanding them along the vertical until they merge with each other with an eagre form of the flow or close thereto and creation, in the beginning of each interjet space of all adjacent jets, of two differently sized circulation zones, upper and lower.
  • the device for carrying out the described method for separating a loose mixture in a flowing medium comprises a hopper having a vibrating chute, an air generator disposed therebelow with rigid walls arranged one below another and at an acute angle to the vertical, their pitch and position width increase from top downward, and coupled to an air supply to supply a pressurized air to the generator and surrounded by lateral walls, as well as fraction collectors, wherein an end of each rigid wall is provided with an additional wall arranged at an angle thereto along its entire length, the width of the additional wall is less than a distance between an adjacent rigid wall located above, which are arranged in a shifted manner along the horizontal, thereby forming a gap relative to a lower rigid wall, and a chamber for turning the air flow at an entry into the gap, wherein the chambers for turning and the gaps increase from top downwards [see pat. of the
  • a main disadvantage of the known method for separating lies in that it does not provide a qualitative separation of particles of a complex shape and a non-uniform surface roughness into fractions.
  • the presence of this disadvantage is caused by structural imperfection of the device that carries out said method.
  • the jet generator of the prototype is configured so that the air jets run out into slots between the rigid wall and, according to the Coanda effect, tilt (adhere) to the additional wall.
  • an exhaustion zone appears beyond the rigid wall on the side of the separation chamber, wherein two turbulence zones are explicitly formed, which are comparable in sizes, and beyond them, almost symmetrically thereto, there is formed a third sub-tie turbulence zone having nearly the same sizes.
  • the three turbulence zones build an almost symmetrical figure that consists of the turbulence zones.
  • the vectors of the jets is directed upwardly in an inclined manner. Since all the vortexes have identical size and rotate with identical speed, an overall turbulent flow becomes non-sensitive to the shape and non-uniformity of the roughness of the particles being separated.
  • the known method produces separation of the particles into fractions according to the sizes), but also in a shape and roughness, these physical parameters of the particles, the known method is not able to take into account these circumstances, thus, it poorly interacts with said particles, thereby resulting in that they enter the fraction collectors, which are not the ones, which are intended for them according to their sizes.
  • this decreases the separation quality caused by a specificity of the turbulence flow (a symmetry and presence of the vortexes having an identical kinetic energy therein), which is formed due to structural characteristics of the jet generator
  • the invention is aimed at increasing the quality of separation of the particles having a complex shape and a non-uniform surface roughness due to creation of an upward turbulent flow having non-uniform properties across a section by changing the structure of the jet generator.
  • a device for carrying out said separation method comprising a hopper having a vibrating chute, a multijet generator disposed therebelow, the generator including rigid walls which are arranged at an acute angle to the vertical and which are abutted by additional walls at an angle, which form slot-like gaps together with adjacent pairs of walls, wherein the generator is coupled to a pressure supply and surrounded by lateral walls having fraction collectors, according to the proposal, the slot-like gaps are arranged above the rigid walls, and the additional walls abut to the rigid walls at an angle of more than 90°, wherein the width of the additional walls is at least seven times greater than the width of the abutting gaps and is twice the width of the adjoining rigid walls.
  • the proposed technical solution implies separation in a turbulent flow that is non-symmetrical in a structure that is characterized by a presence of vortexes of different calibers therein, which, during interaction between each other, exchange energy in a more intensive manner that vortexes of identical sizes (as peculiar to the prototype) due to a difference in linear rotation speeds that leads to intensification of the turbulence of the overall air flow.
  • the increase of the turbulence of the air flow firstly enables to reduce the length of the separation chamber, thus, a metal consumption of the device (a separator), secondly, to reduce an energy consumption of the separation process, thus, to use power facilities (a fan) of lower power, to increase a versatility (to increase a non-sensitivity to a composition and type of the loose mixture), thirdly, to increase the separation quality regardless of the shape and roughness of the particles comprised in the loose mixture.
  • the device for carrying out the proposed method for separating a loose mixture in a flowing medium consists of a hopper 1 having a vibrating chute 2 for gravity feeding particles of the loose mixture to a separation zone.
  • a multijet generator 3 is disposed under the vibrating chute 2, the generator being an enclosed volume having a set of output slot-like gaps 4 mainly having a rectangular section. A height of the section of the output slot-like gaps 4 and an interval therebetween increase from top downwards.
  • the slot-like gaps 4 are arranged above rigid walls 5, while additional walls 6 abut to the rigid walls at an angle ⁇ > 90°.
  • the width of the additional walls 6 is at least seven times greater than the width of the abutting slot-like gaps 4 and is at least twice the width of the adjoining rigid walls 5.
  • Fraction collectors 7 adjoin the multijet generator 3 from the side of the slot-like openings 4.
  • the multijet generator 3 is coupled to a pressurized air supply P for supplying the air thereto, and its side edges are surrounded by lateral walls 8.
  • the proposed method for separating the loose mixture in the flowing medium is carried out as follows.
  • the loose mixture to be separated is gravity fed from the hopper 1 to the separation zone by means of the vibrating chute 2.
  • the particles of said mixture which are in a free fall, are subjected to the action of a cascade of air jets at an acute angle to the vertical in a mode of a developed deep turbulence.
  • the upper portion of the air flow that comes out from the slot-like gap 4 immediately becomes to incline upwardly, since it does not encounter any mechanical obstacle, and the lower portion of the same air flow continues to move in parallel to the rigid wall 5 and is able to slightly incline downwardly only in the end thereof.
  • the significant difference of the proposed method for separating the loose mixture in the flowing medium and, thus, the device for carrying out said method, from other known solutions in this field of the knowledge lies in the formation of a change of conditions for cleavage of the air flow in the turbulization zone to form the air vortexes having different sizes, and thus having different kinetic energy, and to increase the power and to increase the extent of the turbulent operation mode of the cascade of the air jets in such particular way. Said difference provides a high quality of the separation process and, at the same time, a significant simplification of the device structure.
  • the proposed method and device do not comprise any elements or processes, which could not be reproduced at the present stage of development of science and technology, in particular, when manufacturing air separators, therefore, they are considered to be the ones that meet the criteria of "industrial applicability".
  • the key essence of the proposed technical solutions lies in that in the separation process during the formation of the circulation zones there is the self-oscillation process occurring in the zone of the jets merge thereby forming the vortexes having different sizes that is caused by the change of the structure of the multijet generator of the device for separation that, in combinations, enables to curve the cascade of the air jets upwards significantly and to increase the extent of the turbulization of the jet cascade, thus, to increase the intensity of action onto the particles of the mixture having different shape and roughness, and thereby to increase the separation quality with simultaneous compression of the energy resources being used, and these particular circumstances enabled the proposed method and device to gain the above-mentioned and other benefits.

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  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
EP18899852.0A 2018-01-15 2018-07-16 Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu en écoulement et dispositif de mise en oeuvre Active EP3695911B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
UAA201800397U UA126036U (uk) 2018-01-15 2018-01-15 Спосіб сепарації сипучої суміші у текучому середовищі
PCT/UA2018/000078 WO2019139557A1 (fr) 2018-01-15 2018-07-16 Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu en écoulement et dispositif de mise en œuvre

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3695911A1 true EP3695911A1 (fr) 2020-08-19
EP3695911A4 EP3695911A4 (fr) 2021-07-14
EP3695911B1 EP3695911B1 (fr) 2023-09-06
EP3695911C0 EP3695911C0 (fr) 2023-09-06

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EP18899852.0A Active EP3695911B1 (fr) 2018-01-15 2018-07-16 Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu en écoulement et dispositif de mise en oeuvre

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EP (1) EP3695911B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL3695911T3 (fr)
UA (1) UA126036U (fr)
WO (1) WO2019139557A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
UA45881A (uk) * 2001-08-14 2002-04-15 Володимир Степанович Сухін Спосіб сепарування сипучої суміші у текучому середовищі та пристрій для його здійснення
RU2340411C1 (ru) * 2007-05-28 2008-12-10 Владимир Митрофанович Косилов Высокочастотный струйный генератор для сепарации сыпучей смеси в текучей среде
US8123041B2 (en) 2008-11-12 2012-02-28 Airomachus, Co. Method and device for separation of a loose mixture in a fluid medium
RU2403096C1 (ru) * 2009-03-10 2010-11-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственная фирма "АЭРОМЕХ" (ООО "НПФ "АЭРОМЕХ") Способ сепарации сыпучей смеси в текучей среде и устройство для его осуществления
UA45881U (ru) 2009-07-09 2009-11-25 Национальный Университет Пищевых Технологий Мясные фрикадельки с ламинарией
RU2462319C2 (ru) 2010-11-17 2012-09-27 Владимир Степанович Сухин Способ сепарации сыпучей смеси в текучей среде и устройство для его реализации
SE536523C2 (sv) * 2012-05-31 2014-01-28 Vaederstad Verken Ab Avskiljare, doseringsanordning, lantbruksredskap samt förfarande för avskiljning av granulärt material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3695911B1 (fr) 2023-09-06
EP3695911C0 (fr) 2023-09-06
UA126036U (uk) 2018-06-11
WO2019139557A1 (fr) 2019-07-18
EP3695911A4 (fr) 2021-07-14
PL3695911T3 (pl) 2024-05-06

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