WO2012060797A1 - Procédé de séparation d'un mélange meuble dans un milieu en écoulement et procédé de mise en oeuvre - Google Patents

Procédé de séparation d'un mélange meuble dans un milieu en écoulement et procédé de mise en oeuvre Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012060797A1
WO2012060797A1 PCT/UA2011/000017 UA2011000017W WO2012060797A1 WO 2012060797 A1 WO2012060797 A1 WO 2012060797A1 UA 2011000017 W UA2011000017 W UA 2011000017W WO 2012060797 A1 WO2012060797 A1 WO 2012060797A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
jets
vertical
separation
flow
jet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/UA2011/000017
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Владймйр Степанович СУХИН
Original Assignee
Suhin Vladimir Stepanovich
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Suhin Vladimir Stepanovich filed Critical Suhin Vladimir Stepanovich
Publication of WO2012060797A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012060797A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/02—Arrangement of air or material conditioning accessories

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods and devices for air separation of bulk materials and can be used mainly in agriculture for cleaning and sorting seeds of cereal, grass and other crops, at breeding stations, in farms, in milling and feed production, as well as in the production of building materials, in the food, chemical, coal industries for the enrichment of coal and in other sectors of the economy.
  • the prior art method for the separation of bulk materials including sequential operations of feeding bulk material into the separation zone, preliminary intensive separation of the specified material in a vertical variable speed air stream into light and heavy particles with the simultaneous release of light impurities and dust from them - giving precipitation into the chamber, equipped with a periodic shutter and a suction fan.
  • the remaining light and heavy particles being in a vertical flow, gradually move to the bottom, where they fall under the action of an almost horizontal continuous air flow, dividing these particles in a horizontal separation chamber into separate fractions that are output to the receivers of the finished fractions.
  • This method is implemented using the known pneumatic separator of bulk materials, containing a horizontal separation chamber equipped with receivers of the finished fractions, and a vertical variable cross-section pipe attached to it, on top of which a hopper for the separated material is located.
  • a precipitation chamber adjoins the vertical pipeline, equipped with a suction fan, in front of which there is a periodic shutter kinematically connected with the cam mechanism of its rotation [see but. from. USSR Ns 1407587 in class B07B 4/02, published 07.07.1988 in Bul Ns 25].
  • the main disadvantage of the known method of separation of bulk materials is the high complexity of the separation process and the low quality of separation of the material into separate fractions, which is caused by a pulsating change in the parameters of the vertical air flow in the pipeline and the horizontal air flow in the air chamber due to the periodicity of - connection to the pipeline of the suction fan of the precipitation chamber using the damper.
  • the damper When the damper is opened, the pressure of the indicated air flows decreases, which leads to instability of the separation process and worsens the conditions for the separation of the material into fractions.
  • the low quality of the separation process is explained by the fact that at the stage of separation of light and heavy particles in the vertical air flow, a so-called screening effect occurs, in which heavy particles carry lighter particles along with them and pass through a horizontal air flow in the separation chamber and - appear in fractional collections inappropriate for them. Moreover, the design of the known device is not able to eliminate the influence of this phenomenon. which confirms its imperfection and is its fault.
  • the disadvantage of the known pneumatic separator should be considered its high complexity due to the presence of an additional precipitation chamber, which is also equipped with additional devices and a fan, significant overall dimensions, in particular, height, due to the inclusion of a vertical pipeline in the design, as well as high energy consumption due to the presence of two fans in the design, which makes the separation process rather energy-consuming and, because of this, costly.
  • a device for implementing this method comprises a hopper with a feeder, a fan, air ducts and a separation chamber made of a dielectric material in the form of a rectangular vertical pipe, equipped with electrodes located on its inner opposite walls, and contains a system of air pipes inside it and equipped with scattering tips and valves to control the speed of the oncoming air flow in the interelectrode space, as well as interconnected tight to nical collectors, ulavli- vayuschimi fraction of separated material [see. US Pat. Russian Federation N2 2262994 for classes B07B 4/02, WHO C7 / 12, published on 10/27/2005 in Byul. Ns 30].
  • the main disadvantage of the known device is that it is too complex in design, in which there are a large number of interconnected parts and assemblies, often small and high-tech, as well as the use of two types of energy resources for the separation process (for example, hopper body, control valve, fan power supply, etc.).
  • a method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid includes a gravitational feed of particles, a monotonically increasing aerodynamic effect on them at an acute angle to the vertical by a cascade of flat jets and removing finished fractions, while the cascade of flat jets is exposed in the free alternating force scanning mode with increasing amplitudes and scan angle.
  • a device for implementing this method comprises a hopper with a vibrating tray, a jet generator mounted under it with flat nozzles located one above the other and at an acute angle to the vertical, whose cross-sectional height, pitch and installation angle increase from top to bottom, while the generator is connected to a pressurized air supply source and covered by side walls, and collectors are located under the nozzles fractions [see US Pat. Of Ukraine N ° 45881 for class B07B 4/02 published on April 15, 2002 in Byul. Ns 4].
  • the main disadvantage of the known separation method is the low quality of separation of the granular mixture into fractions, especially particles with a significant difference in mass and density.
  • This disadvantage consists in the following: the alternating and free operation of the cascade of jets inevitably leads to the periodic, unstable in time and space appearance of pressure and vacuum zones with the appearance of forward and reverse flows. In the reverse flow zone, particles (especially light ones) are drawn into motion in the opposite direction to the main flow, which leads to partial mixing of the already separated material. The instability in time of this phenomenon ultimately leads to the breaking (rupture) of the cascade of jets in any random place, which leads to a breakdown of generation, as a result of which the quality of separation is drastically reduced.
  • a disadvantage of the known device is the imperfection of the jet cascade generator, in particular, nozzles, the design of which cannot eliminate the appearance of reverse air flows in the separation chamber, which leads to a decrease in the quality of separation.
  • a method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid includes a gravitational feed of particles, an aerodynamic monotonically increasing effect on them at an acute angle to the vertical by a cascade of flat jets and removing finished fractions, while before the aerodynamic action on the particles of the mixture, the flow of each jet is converted into - the press of developed turbulence by expanding the jets vertically until they merge with each other with a faulty or close to it flow pattern and forming at the beginning of each inter-jet space all adjacent jets e least two circulating zones different in magnitude.
  • a device for implementing the proposed method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid medium contains a hopper with a vibratory tray for gravitational feeding of the mixture into the separation zone, under which a jet generator is installed, with nozzles located one below the other and at an acute angle to the vertical, with rigid walls adjacent to them from above throughout the width, as well as the pitch and width of the nozzle arrangement, increases from top to bottom, and the generator is connected to the air supply source under pressure and is surrounded by side walls that simultaneously form a sep iruyuschuyu chamber with a fraction collector located beneath it.
  • the width of the rigid wall is at least three sizes of the cross-sectional height of the adjacent nozzle, and the ratio of the nozzle installation step to the cross-sectional height of the upper nozzle relative to it is at least four [see International application N ° WO2010056220 for classes B07B 11/00, B07B4 / 02, B07B 4/00, published on 05/20/2010].
  • the main disadvantage of the known method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid is its low productivity, predetermined by the insufficient intensity of the separation process. This is primarily due to With technological limitations regarding the provision of turbulence, namely: only by bilateral expansion of the jets with their subsequent merging into one faulty flow. In this case, it is impossible to stably maintain sufficiently powerful turbulence, since only two circulation zones arise and function (according to the stated proposal, no less than two, but, as practice shows, no more, to confirm which, see FIG. 1 in the indicated international application, where circulation zones are depicted by the author).
  • the main disadvantage of the known device for separating granular mixture in a fluid is the presence in its design of plane-horizontal nozzles of the generator. It is known that the nozzle, as a technological device, is designed to accelerate liquids or gases to a given speed and give the flow a certain direction. As a result of the use in the design of the known device of plane-horizontal nozzles, the the cadre of air jets comes out too powerful and fast, therefore, the developed turbulence zone shifts to the middle of the separating chamber and has a short width; therefore, in it the complete separation of the mixture into fractions does not manage to occur completely.
  • the proposed invention is aimed at achieving a technical result, which consists in increasing the productivity of the process of air separation of a granular mixture in a fluid, in simplifying the design of the device while improving the quality of separation by obtaining a more powerful turbulence mode by increasing the size of the zones of developed turbulence for due to the formation of additional circulation zones capable of inducing microvortices, and improving the aerodynamic parameters of the device, due to the change design of the generator of the cascade of jets.
  • the specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of separating the granular mixture in the fluid, which consists in the gravitational supply of particles, aerodynamic monotonically growing impact on them at an acute angle to the vertical by a cascade of plane jets and the withdrawal of finished fractions, and in front of the aerodynamic by affecting the particles of the mixture, the flow of each jet is transferred to the regime of developed turbulence by expanding them vertically to merge with each other with a faulty or close to it flow pattern and the formation at the beginning of dogo interjet space adjacent jets of the two circulating zones - upper and lower - than the size, according to the proposals to form a circulation zones 00017 carry out a sharp change in the direction of flow of the jets from vertical to almost horizontal, followed by their vertical compression.
  • the specified technical result is also achieved by the fact that in the known device for implementing the proposed method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid containing a hopper with a vibratory tray, a generator installed under it, with rigid walls located one below the other and at an acute angle to the vertical, the step and the width of the arrangement of which increases from top to bottom, and connected with the air supply source under pressure and covered by the side walls, as well as fraction collectors, according to the proposal, the end of each rigid wall over all its length is provided with an additional wall located to it at an angle, the width of which is less than the distance between the rigid wall adjacent to the top, which are installed with a horizontal shift to form a gap relative to the lower rigid wall, and an air flow rotation chamber at the entrance to the gap , while the rotation chambers and gaps increase from top to bottom.
  • the proposed technical solution provides for separation in a more powerful turbulent mode compared to the prototype, which is characterized by an increased common turbulization zone formed by dividing one of the circulation zones into two, almost sequential, as well as due to the emergence of many zones of microvortices. Technologically, this ensures a sharp change in the direction of air jets when they exit the generator, and structurally as a result of the formation of rotation chambers of these jets in the cavity of the generator before they exit and the formation of gap gaps directly for their passage.
  • the achievement of the specified technical result was made possible, first of all, thanks to a set of aerodynamic improvements to the separation device.
  • the outlet openings of the generator are connected to rigid walls located horizontally offset and, accordingly, equipped with additional walls located at an angle to them in such a way that they allow the aforementioned cameras to turn (abrupt change of direction) of the air flow, as well as slotted gaps for the passage of air jets formed as a result of this.
  • each upper (adjacent to the outgoing jet) circulation zone occurs due to the reflection of the indicated jet from the rigid wall located at an angle to the trajectory of its movement from above and, accordingly, its collision with the circulation zone, under the influence of which the latter is divided into two consecutive circulation zones in the direction of the jet flow, the total length of which increases and between them a zone of countercurrent flows arises, performing the function of the induction zone of numerous microvortices.
  • the overall size, in particular the width, of the turbulization zones increases and they are close to the generator, the range of the turbulent flow increases, which allows several times to increase the intensity of the separation process, to thicken the layer of the separated mixture without risk of deterioration of the quality of the finished product.
  • rotation chambers also solves the “external” problem in the design of the separator: due to the relative positioning of rigid walls horizontally displaced and additional walls that almost completely (except for slit gaps) cover inter-jet spaces, on external Separated particles do not accumulate on the working surfaces of the separator.
  • rejection of the use of nozzles greatly simplifies the design of the proposal This eliminates the possibility of mixing different fractions — mainly due to the absence of an accelerated rectilinearly directed air flow from the nozzle — and ensures the stability of the turbulent regime.
  • FIG. 1 - diagram of a device for implementing the inventive method.
  • dashed-dotted line shows the change in the direction of flow of the jet.
  • a device for implementing the proposed method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid medium consists of a hopper 1 with a vibratory tray 2 for gravitational supply of particles to the separation zone.
  • a jet generator 3 is installed under the vibratory tray 2, which is a closed volume with a set of outlet slotted holes 4 of predominantly rectangular cross-section. You- the honeycomb section of the exit slit openings 4 and the interval between them increase from top to bottom.
  • Rectangular rigid walls 5 are attached to the edges of the exit slit openings 4 at an angle to the vertical and with a horizontal shift.
  • the ends of the hard walls 5 are provided with additional walls 6, which are located at an angle to them and together with them form chambers of rotation of the air flow 7 and slotted holes 4 for the passage of the formed air stream.
  • rotation chambers 7 and slotted holes 4, respectively, increase from top to bottom.
  • Fraction collectors 8 are adjacent to the generator 3 from the side of the slotted openings 4.
  • the generator 3 is connected to the air supply source under pressure P, and its side edges are covered by side walls 9.
  • the proposed separation method is implemented as follows.
  • the mixture to be separated from the hopper 1 is gravitationally fed into the separation zone by means of a vibratory tray 2. Particles of this mixture in free fall are subjected to an acute angle to the vertical by a cascade of jets (shown by dashed curved lines) in the regime of developed deep turbulence, which is ensured by the faulty flow of jets and the functioning of circulation zones. These jets are formed from the generated air flows, previously changing the direction of movement of the latter with the help of rotation chambers 7 and outputting the formed jets through the slot holes 4.
  • each jet When leaving the slot hole 4, each jet is vertically compressed, as a result of which it collides with the nearest circulation zone and, accordingly, dividing the latter into two circulation zones consecutive in the direction of the jet stream with the formation of a zone of countercurrent flows - zones of numerous microvortexes. After the particles pass through the mixture of the cascade of jets and the developed turbulence zone, the finished fractions are withdrawn.
  • a device for implementing the proposed method operates as follows.
  • a significant difference between the proposed method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid and, accordingly, a device for its implementation, from other known solutions in this industry is the formation in the turbulization zone, as a result of a sharp change in the direction of the air stream, of an additional circulation zone capable of in turn, to induce microvortex zones and thus increase the power and increase the stability of the turbulent operation of the cascade of air jets.
  • This difference provides a high quality separation process and, at the same time, a significant simplification of the design of the device.
  • None of the known methods for separating a granular mixture in a fluid can simultaneously possess all of the above properties, since they generally do not provide for mechanical action on the direction of movement of air jets, increasing the zone of turbulization, in particular, by forming additional circulation zone and the automatic occurrence of zones of microvortex induction.
  • the proposed method and device do not contain any elements or processes that could not be reproduced at the modern stage of the development of science and technology, in particular, in the manufacture of air separators, and, therefore, are considered as such that meet the criterion " industrial applicability. "
  • the quintessence of the proposed technical solution is that during the separation process during the formation of the circulation zones, the jets are vertically compressed and divided into two upper circulation zones with the formation of an additional circulation zone inducing the microvortex zones, while the generator outlet openings are connected to the rigid walls of different widths established at an acute angle with horizontal displacement, and the end of each rigid wall over its entire length is equipped with an additional angle located to it at an angle with a tenon with the formation of a gap for the passage of the air flow and the rotation chamber of the air flow at the entrance to the specified gap, moreover, the dimensions of the formed gaps and the rotation chamber, respectively, increase from top to bottom, which together can significantly increase the separation intensity with increasing quality and without attracting any additional energy resources, and it is this fact that made it possible to acquire the above-mentioned and other advantages of the proposed method and device.

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédé et des dispositifs permettant la séparation aérienne de matériaux meubles, et peut être utilisée en agriculture afin de nettoyer et de trier des semences, ainsi que dans la production de matériaux de construction. Dans ce procédé, avant d'appliquer une action aérodynamique sur les particules du mélange, l'écoulement de chaque flux est converti en mode de turbulence développée en les élargissant dans le sens vertical jusqu'à ce qu'ils fusionnent et que l'écoulement prenne une forme regroupée ou proche de celle-ci, et que l'on assiste à la formation de deux zones de circulation (supérieure et inférieure) de tailles différentes au début de chaque espace entre les flux de tous les flux adjacents. Avant de former les zones de circulation, on procède à un changement brutal de la direction d'écoulement des flux qui passe de verticale à presque horizontale avec une compression des flux dans le sens vertical. Le dispositif de mise en œuvre de ce procédé comprend une trémie (1) avec un tablier vibrant (2). Un générateur de flux (3) est disposé sous le tablier vibrant (2) et forme un volume clos comprenant un ensemble d'ouvertures à fentes de sortie (4). Des parois rigides rectangulaires (5) sont fixées aux extrémités des ouvertures à fentes de sortie (4) selon un certain angle par rapport à la verticale et avec un décalage par rapport à l'horizontale. Les extrémités des parois rigides (5) comportent des parois additionnelles (6) qui sont disposées à un certain angle par rapport à celles-ci et qui forment avec elles une chambre de rotation du flux d'air (7) ainsi que les ouvertures à fentes (4) pour le passage du flux d'air ainsi formé. Les dimensions de la chambre de rotation (7) et les ouvertures à fentes (4) augmentent du haut vers les bas. Le résultat technique consiste en une augmentation de l'efficacité de séparation.
PCT/UA2011/000017 2010-11-03 2011-03-12 Procédé de séparation d'un mélange meuble dans un milieu en écoulement et procédé de mise en oeuvre WO2012060797A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
UA2010013057 2010-11-03
UAA201013057 2010-11-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012060797A1 true WO2012060797A1 (fr) 2012-05-10

Family

ID=46024715

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/UA2011/000017 WO2012060797A1 (fr) 2010-11-03 2011-03-12 Procédé de séparation d'un mélange meuble dans un milieu en écoulement et procédé de mise en oeuvre

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2012060797A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4486300A (en) * 1981-09-01 1984-12-04 William Prieb Specific gravity grain grader
SU1510959A1 (ru) * 1988-01-04 1989-09-30 Челябинский Институт Механизации И Электрификации Сельского Хозяйства Способ сепарации сыпучих смесей
RU2019316C1 (ru) * 1992-07-13 1994-09-15 Пак Юрий Алексеевич Установка для разделения сыпучих материалов
WO2010056220A1 (fr) * 2008-11-12 2010-05-20 Suhin Vladimir Stepanovich Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu fluidique et dispositif pour réaliser ce procédé

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4486300A (en) * 1981-09-01 1984-12-04 William Prieb Specific gravity grain grader
SU1510959A1 (ru) * 1988-01-04 1989-09-30 Челябинский Институт Механизации И Электрификации Сельского Хозяйства Способ сепарации сыпучих смесей
RU2019316C1 (ru) * 1992-07-13 1994-09-15 Пак Юрий Алексеевич Установка для разделения сыпучих материалов
WO2010056220A1 (fr) * 2008-11-12 2010-05-20 Suhin Vladimir Stepanovich Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu fluidique et dispositif pour réaliser ce procédé

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
RU2462319C2 (ru) Способ сепарации сыпучей смеси в текучей среде и устройство для его реализации
RU2403096C1 (ru) Способ сепарации сыпучей смеси в текучей среде и устройство для его осуществления
EP3131680B1 (fr) Appareil pour séparer des matériaux solides
RU2563691C1 (ru) Центробежно-противоточная мельница
RU104873U1 (ru) Устройство для сепарации сыпучей смеси в текучей среде
WO2012060797A1 (fr) Procédé de séparation d'un mélange meuble dans un milieu en écoulement et procédé de mise en oeuvre
RU2503169C2 (ru) Сепаратор зерновой смеси
RU2462318C1 (ru) Аспирационная зерноочистительная машина
JP2008080282A (ja) 分粒分級装置
RU2676789C1 (ru) Способ сепарации сыпучей смеси в текучей среде и устройство для его осуществления
RU2671382C1 (ru) Зерноаспиратор
FR2602699A1 (fr) Classificateur pneumatique pour la separation des materiaux pulverulents par gravite
RU2423189C2 (ru) Устройство для сепарации зерна восходящим воздушным потоком
EP3695911B1 (fr) Procédé de séparation d'un mélange pulvérulent dans un milieu en écoulement et dispositif de mise en oeuvre
RU2414969C1 (ru) Воздушный двухпродуктовый классификатор
RU120325U1 (ru) Сепаратор зерновой смеси
RU102541U1 (ru) Устройство для сепарации зерна восходящим воздушным потоком
AT391635B (de) Schwerkraftsichter
RU2672697C1 (ru) Способ для разделения сыпучих материалов по фракциям методом метания смеси частиц с одинаковой скоростью и устройство для его осуществления
RU2436634C1 (ru) Трубная мельница с классифицирующей перегородкой
RU2430793C1 (ru) Воздушный трехпродуктовый классификатор
RU2431529C1 (ru) Способ сепарации сыпучей смеси в текучей среде и устройство для его осуществления
RU2376082C2 (ru) Устройство для выделения пыли из порошков
RU2758280C1 (ru) Воздушный классификатор сыпучих материалов
RU2170626C1 (ru) Центробежный классификатор

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 11838332

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 11838332

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1