WO2019138879A1 - モルタルとその製造方法 - Google Patents
モルタルとその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019138879A1 WO2019138879A1 PCT/JP2018/047849 JP2018047849W WO2019138879A1 WO 2019138879 A1 WO2019138879 A1 WO 2019138879A1 JP 2018047849 W JP2018047849 W JP 2018047849W WO 2019138879 A1 WO2019138879 A1 WO 2019138879A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mortar
- fine aggregate
- water
- fine
- binder
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/12—Natural pozzuolanas; Natural pozzuolana cements; Artificial pozzuolanas or artificial pozzuolana cements other than those obtained from waste or combustion residues, e.g. burned clay; Treating inorganic materials to improve their pozzuolanic characteristics
- C04B7/13—Mixtures thereof with inorganic cementitious materials, e.g. Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/141—Slags
- C04B18/144—Slags from the production of specific metals other than iron or of specific alloys, e.g. ferrochrome slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
- C04B28/085—Slags from the production of specific alloys, e.g. ferrochrome slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0032—Controlling the process of mixing, e.g. adding ingredients in a quantity depending on a measured or desired value
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0042—Powdery mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/26—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from raw materials containing flue dust, i.e. fly ash
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mortar and a method of manufacturing the same.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a mortar having a small self-shrinkage strain can be obtained by setting the porosity of the fine aggregate to 16% or more.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-185888
- Patent Document 1 Although the mortar described in Patent Document 1 is excellent in suppressing the autogenous strain, depending on the application, it is required to further suppress the autogenous strain.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a mortar having a small self-shrinkage strain and a method for producing the same.
- the mortar of the present invention comprises a binder containing cement and fine mineral powder and a fine aggregate, and is kneaded with water.
- Fine aggregate is air-crushed ferronickel slag, and the mass ratio of water to the total of binder and fine aggregate is 7.0% or more and 9.0% or less.
- the method for producing a mortar according to the present invention comprises kneading a binder containing cement and fine mineral powder, a fine aggregate and water.
- Fine aggregate is air-crushed ferronickel slag, and the mass ratio of water to the total of binder and fine aggregate is 7.0% or more and 9.0% or less.
- the mortar of the present invention contains a binder and a fine aggregate, and is prepared by kneading with water.
- the mortar of the present invention can be particularly suitably used as a grout.
- the binder includes cement and fine mineral powder.
- the type of cement is not limited, and various types of Portland cement such as medium heat, low heat, early strength, super early strength, sulfate resistance etc., blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, silica cement, mixed cement such as silica fume premix cement, etc. Alumina cement, super rapid-hardening cement such as jet cement, or an Erwin cement can be used.
- the content of cement is desirably about 500 to 600 kg / m 3 in the case of Portland cement, and desirably about 600 to 1000 kg / m 3 in the case of mixed cement.
- blast furnace slag fine powder As the mineral fine powder, blast furnace slag fine powder, fly ash, silica fume and the like can be used.
- Ground granulated blast furnace slag is a by-product produced in the process of producing pig iron from iron ore, and contains CaO, SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , MgO and the like.
- the blast furnace slag fine powder is preferably compliant with JIS A 6206 "Brusher slag fine powder for concrete".
- the content of blast furnace slag is preferably about 200 to 300 kg / m 3 , though it depends on the content of other mineral fine powder.
- Fly ash is an industrial waste generated at coal-fired power plants. Fly ash mainly contains SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 .
- fly ash conform to any one of I to IV specified in JIS A 6201 "fly ash for concrete".
- the content of fly ash is preferably about 150 to 350 kg / m 3 .
- Silica fume is a by-product generated when silicon or ferrosilicon is produced in an arc furnace, and mainly contains SiO 2 .
- a bonding performance-enhancing material may be added. It is preferable to use an alkali stimulant, which makes the aqueous solution alkaline when mixed with water, as the binding performance-enhancing material, and an expansive material can be used, for example.
- the expansive material is one in which calcium ions (Ca (OH) 2 ) elute when placed in water, and it is desirable that the expansive material conforms to JIS A 6202 “Expansive material for concrete”. Calcium ions react slowly with CaO and SiO 2 contained in mineral fine powder at room temperature to form a compound having a binding ability.
- the content of the intumescent material is preferably about 10 to 30 kg / m 3 .
- the type of water is also not particularly limited.
- the water content is preferably about 150 to 200 kg / m 3 .
- Fine aggregate is air crushed ferronickel slag (FNS).
- Ferronickel slag is a by-product generated when refining nickel from ore.
- a raw material such as nickel ore
- the raw material is separated into ferronickel and slag inside the electric furnace, and the slag is extracted from the electric furnace.
- the slag is then blown with high pressure air and separated into fine spherical particles. This process is called blasting.
- the separated particles fly in the air and collide with the wall. During this time, the high temperature particles are gradually cooled and finally spherically solidified.
- FNS manufactured by air crushing may be called air crushing FNS.
- the water absorption of the fine aggregate is preferably 1.5% or more and 3.5% or less.
- the water absorption rate is defined as (water absorption amount / absolute dry mass) ⁇ 100 (%).
- the amount of water absorption is the mass of water when the surface of the fine aggregate is dry (surface dry state) and the internal void of the fine aggregate is in the saturated state, and the bone dry mass is in the dry state, ie, fine aggregate
- the mass of the fine aggregate when there is no water on the surface or in the internal void of the That is, the water absorption rate indicates the water absorption capacity of the internal void of the fine aggregate.
- it is desirable that the equilibrium moisture content of the fine aggregate is 0.10% or more and 0.30% or less.
- the equilibrium moisture content is the moisture content when the moisture content does not change (decrease) when the fine aggregate is dried.
- the equilibrium water content is determined, for example, as the saturation point of the water content when the fine aggregate is dried under a condition of a temperature of about 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of about 95% after being saturated. It is known from experimental results that the fine aggregate satisfying these conditions is hard to shrink, and it is possible to suppress the self-shrinkage strain of the minute mortar using the fine aggregate hard to shrink.
- Pamuco Sand registered trademark
- the water absorption of pamuco sand is 1.8 to 3.2%, and the equilibrium water content is about 0.1 to 0.3%.
- the large water absorption rate and the small equilibrium water content mean that more water is released from the fine aggregate, and less water needs to be added.
- the amount of water added when making mortar is planned on the premise that the fine aggregate is in a saturated state, so the fine aggregate with a large water absorption rate and a small equilibrium water content is compared with a normal fine aggregate Will play a more important role as a water supplier.
- the large amount of water held in the internal space of the fine aggregate affects the reaction mechanism between cement and water and contributes to the suppression of the autogenous strain of the mortar It is estimated to be.
- the mass ratio (W / (B + S)) of water to the total of the binder and the fine aggregate is desirably 7.0% or more and 9.0% or less, preferably 7.5% or more, It is more desirable that it is 8.8% or less.
- the mass ratio of water to the material is about 10 to 20%, so the water relative to the total of the binder and the fine aggregate in the present embodiment The mass ratio of is less than this. Therefore, that W / (S + B) is 7% or more and 9% or less means that the ratio of water is smaller than that of the ordinary mortar, or the total ratio of the binder and the fine aggregate is more than that of the ordinary mortar It means that there are many.
- Example 2 Several types of mortars were prepared with only the fine aggregate being changed and all other components being the same, and the compressive strength and the autogenous shrinkage strain were measured (see Table 1). Specifically, after mixing cement, fly ash, fine aggregate, and chemical admixture with water to produce a mortar, the compressive strength of the mortar at 7 and 28 days of age is measured and 40 The change over time in the self-shrinkage strain of mortar until day was measured. Silica fume premix cement (SFPC) was used as the cement, fly ash (FA) was used as the mineral fine powder, and a high performance water reducing material was used as the chemical admixture.
- SFPC Silica fume premix cement
- FA fly ash
- a high performance water reducing material was used as the chemical admixture.
- Example 2 As fine aggregate, in Example 1, air crushed FNS (trade name: Pamuco Sand (registered trademark)) was used, and in Comparative Examples 1 to 5, the materials described in Table 2 were used.
- the fine aggregate used in Comparative Example 1 is FNS, but unlike Example 1, the fine aggregate is manufactured by water grinding (in which molten slag is quenched with water or the like and crushed). More detailed specifications of each material are shown in Table 2.
- each sample was sealed with an aluminum foil adhesive sheet, and further placed in a plastic bag and cured at a constant temperature of about 20 ° C. to measure the self-shrinkage strain. Moreover, the measurement of compressive strength was implemented according to JISA1108 "the compression test method of concrete".
- Table 3 shows the compressive strength and the autogenous strain at 7 and 28 days of material age. Further, FIG. 1A shows time-dependent changes in the autogenous contraction strain of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5. From this, it can be seen that the mortar using the crushed air FNS as the fine aggregate is significantly suppressed in autogenous strain as compared with the mortars of Comparative Examples 1 to 5. Further, the compressive strength is also superior to the mortars of Comparative Examples 1 to 5. Table 3 also shows the results of the fresh test immediately after kneading. Although the amount of air varies somewhat, it is within the general numerical range, and the influence on the compressive strength and the autogenous strain is small.
- the slump flow is a value indicating the fluidity of the mortar, and was measured in accordance with JIS A 1150 “slump flow test for concrete”.
- JP funnel 14 is also a value indicating the fluidity of mortar, and was measured according to JSCE Standard JSCE-F 541-1999 “Flowability test method of filled mortar”.
- the JP funnel 14 is a time (unit: second) until the outflow of mortar is first interrupted after filling the funnel of a predetermined size with mortar and letting the mortar flow down from the lower outlet.
- the fluidity of the mortar is higher as the slump flow is larger and as the JP funnel 14 is smaller.
- the slump flow and the JP funnel 14 in Example 1 are both equal to or higher than Comparative Examples 1 to 5, and have relatively good fluidity. Therefore, the mortar of the present invention can be suitably used as a grout material.
- Example 2 to 5 mortars of Examples 2 to 5 were prepared and evaluated in the same manner (see Table 4) in order to examine the influence of the difference in the bonding materials and the difference in the sealing conditions.
- the materials described in Table 5 were used.
- early-strength Portland cement (HC) was used as the cement.
- blast furnace slag fine powder (BF) and silica fume (SF) were used as the mineral fine powder, and in Examples 4 and 5, fly ash (FA) and silica fume (SF) were used.
- FNS fly ash
- silica fume SF
- an expansive material was added.
- As the fine aggregate as in Example 1, air crushed FNS (trade name: Pamuco Sand (registered trademark)) was used.
- the water-binder ratio (W / B) was 20% in Examples 2 and 3 and 18% in Examples 4 and 5.
- Examples 2 to 5 were all sealed and the ambient temperature was maintained at 20 ° C., but in Examples 2 and 4, the material was sealed up to 40 days old, and in Examples 3 and 5 after 7 days old Dried naturally.
- Table 6 shows the compressive strength and the autogenous strain at 7 and 28 days of material age.
- FIG. 1B shows the change with time of the autogenous contraction strain of Examples 1 to 5.
- Example 3, 5 and the comparative example 7 have shown the sum total of the auto-contraction distortion and the drying shrinkage distortion.
- FIG. 1B also shows the measurement results for a commercially available mortar.
- Comparative Example 6 a non-shrink mortar “Pacific Pre-Eurox” manufactured by Pacific Materials Co., Ltd.
- Comparative Example 8 is the same as Examples 2 and 4 in which a non-shrink mortar “Totetsulite H120” manufactured by Tokyo Kohden Co. Ltd.
- the ratio of the binder to the fine aggregate is unknown. In general, the smaller the mass ratio of water to the total of the binder and the fine aggregate, the smaller the drying shrinkage but the worse the flowability.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
細骨材だけを変更し他の成分はすべて同一とした複数種類のモルタルを作成し、圧縮強度と自己収縮ひずみを測定した(表1参照)。具体的には、セメントとフライアッシュと細骨材と化学的混和材を水で混練しモルタルを製作した後、材齢7日と28日でのモルタルの圧縮強度を測定するとともに、材齢40日までのモルタルの自己収縮ひずみの経時変化を測定した。セメントとしてはシリカフュームプレミックスセメント(SFPC)を、鉱物質微粉末としてはフライアッシュ(FA)を、化学的混和材としては高性能減水材を用いた。細骨材としては、実施例1では風砕FNS(商品名パムコサンド(登録商標))を、比較例1~5では表2に記載の材料を用いた。比較例1で用いた細骨材はFNSであるが、実施例1と異なり水砕(溶融スラグを水等で急冷し粉砕するもの)で製造されている。各材料のより詳細な仕様は表2に示している。
Claims (3)
- セメントと鉱物質微粉末とを含む結合材と、細骨材とを含み、水で混練されてなるモルタルであって、前記細骨材は風砕されたフェロニッケルスラグであり、前記結合材と前記細骨材の合計に対する水の質量比が7.0%以上、9.0%以下であるモルタル。
- 前記細骨材の吸水率は1.5%以上、3.5%以下であり、平衡含水率は0.10%以上、0.30%以下である、請求項1に記載のモルタル。
- セメントと鉱物質微粉末とを含む結合材と、細骨材と、水とを混練することを含むモルタルの製造方法であって、前記細骨材は風砕されたフェロニッケルスラグであり、前記結合材と前記細骨材の合計に対する水の質量比が7.0%以上、9.0%以下であるモルタルの製造方法。
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP18899927.0A EP3738940B1 (en) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-12-26 | Mortar and method for manufacturing same |
KR1020207020603A KR102287712B1 (ko) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-12-26 | 모르타르와 그 제조 방법 |
CN201880085938.4A CN111566070A (zh) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-12-26 | 砂浆及其制备方法 |
JP2019564622A JP6759470B2 (ja) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-12-26 | モルタルとその製造方法 |
KR1020217011430A KR20210045520A (ko) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-12-26 | 모르타르와 그 제조 방법 |
ES18899927T ES2946750T3 (es) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-12-26 | Mortero y método para la fabricación de este |
RU2020125107A RU2737121C1 (ru) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-12-26 | Строительный раствор и способ его производства |
US16/961,185 US11220457B2 (en) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-12-26 | Mortar and method for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2018-001922 | 2018-01-10 | ||
JP2018001922 | 2018-01-10 |
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PCT/JP2018/047849 WO2019138879A1 (ja) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-12-26 | モルタルとその製造方法 |
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US (1) | US11220457B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3738940B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6759470B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR102287712B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN111566070A (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2946750T3 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2737121C1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI724359B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2019138879A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021153346A1 (ja) * | 2020-01-31 | 2021-08-05 | 三井住友建設株式会社 | スラグ材の製造方法及び製造装置 |
JP2022015947A (ja) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-01-21 | 三井住友建設株式会社 | 繊維補強セメント組成物 |
WO2022137320A1 (ja) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-06-30 | 中国電力株式会社 | モルタル組成物及び硬化体 |
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JP3483062B2 (ja) * | 1995-04-06 | 2004-01-06 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | 高流動コンクリート用細骨材 |
EP2045229A4 (en) | 2006-07-26 | 2013-08-14 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | CEMENT COMPOSITE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR |
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JP7107514B1 (ja) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-07-27 | 中国電力株式会社 | モルタル組成物及び硬化体 |
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TWI724359B (zh) | 2021-04-11 |
EP3738940A1 (en) | 2020-11-18 |
ES2946750T3 (es) | 2023-07-25 |
CN111566070A (zh) | 2020-08-21 |
JPWO2019138879A1 (ja) | 2020-09-17 |
KR20200090268A (ko) | 2020-07-28 |
EP3738940B1 (en) | 2023-04-26 |
EP3738940A4 (en) | 2021-10-13 |
JP6759470B2 (ja) | 2020-09-23 |
RU2737121C1 (ru) | 2020-11-24 |
KR102287712B1 (ko) | 2021-08-06 |
US20210053873A1 (en) | 2021-02-25 |
TW201936541A (zh) | 2019-09-16 |
US11220457B2 (en) | 2022-01-11 |
KR20210045520A (ko) | 2021-04-26 |
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