WO2019134452A1

WO2019134452A1 - Opening and closing mechanism and rail vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2019134452A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/115801
Authority: WO
Inventors: 黄豪; 帅纲要; 谭明敏; 匡希超; 姜宇飞; 曾文娟; 刘旭; 李涛
Original assignee: 中车株洲电力机车有限公司
Priority date: 2018-01-08
Filing date: 2018-11-16
Publication date: 2019-07-11
Also published as: CN108128317A; CN108798344B; CN108798344A

Abstract

An opening and closing mechanism and a rail vehicle. The opening and closing mechanism comprises a mounting frame (1), an air flow guide cover (3), a first driving mechanism (51), a second driving mechanism (52), and a cover panel (4). The mounting frame (1) and the air flow guide cover (3) are connected by a first connecting rod (21) and a second connecting rod (22). The mounting frame (1), the air flow guide cover (3), the first connecting rod (21), and the second connecting rod (22) together form a parallelogram mechanism. The air flow guide cover (3) switches between an open state and a closed state. One end of the first driving mechanism (51) is hinge-connected to the mounting frame (1), and the other end is hinge-connected to the first connecting rod (21). The cover panel (4) is disposed at a top portion of the air flow guide cover (3) and hinge-connected to the air flow guide cover (3). The cover panel (4) switches between a cover panel open state and a cover panel closed state. One end of the second driving mechanism (52) is hinge-connected to the first connecting rod (21) or the second connecting rod (22), the other end is hinge-connected to one end of a third connecting rod (7), and the other end of the third connecting rod (7) is hinge-connected to the cover panel (4).

Description

Opening and closing mechanism and rail vehicle

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit vehicles, in particular to an opening and closing mechanism and a rail vehicle, and is particularly suitable for urban rail vehicles.

Background technique

The opening and closing mechanism acts as a driving mechanism for the front end shroud of the vehicle, and when the single row is operated, the shroud is closed and locked, forming a complete aerodynamic shape of the train, reducing wind resistance and wind noise; when reconnection operation is required, The shroud is placed in the open, locked position so that the coupler can be completely and unobstructed, and can adapt to the impact of the swing angle of the swing when running on different curved radii.

At present, the domestic and international opening and closing institutions are mainly applied to EMU models of 160km/h and above, and the vehicle width is more than 3.2m. The curve radius of the train passing is large, the swing angle of the coupler is small, the limit requirement is loose, and the train front end is relatively loose. The streamlined design is adopted, so the equipment layout space at the front end of the train is large, and the hooks, anti-climbing devices, opening and closing mechanisms, etc., have a large space arrangement, and the opening and closing mechanism adopts a left-right opening manner.

In the urban rail vehicle project, because the width of the car body is less than 3m, the width of some C-type cars is only 2.56m, the limit requirements are stricter, and the passenger capacity is larger than that of the EMU. The front end of the train cannot adopt the streamlined design, and The radius of the curve is smaller, the minimum curve radius is R150m, and the project is only R80m. When the curve is passed, the swing angle of the coupler is larger. The front end of the train is also equipped with anti-climbing device. Considering the space layout of the train front-end equipment and other various factors, the current domestic city The track vehicle has no project to use the opening and closing mechanism, which makes the connection of the coupler extremely inconvenient.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the inconvenience of the prior art coupler connection, the present invention provides an opening and closing mechanism, and the specific technical solution is as follows.

An opening and closing mechanism comprising a mounting bracket, a shroud, a first driving mechanism, a second driving mechanism and a cover plate, wherein the mounting bracket and the shroud are connected by a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, a first link is hinged with the mounting bracket and the shroud, the second link is hinged with the mounting bracket and the shroud, the mounting bracket, the shroud, the first link and the second link Forming a parallelogram mechanism; the shroud is switchable between an open state and a closed state, one end of the first drive mechanism is hinged on the mounting bracket, and the other end is hinged to the first link or the first a two-link or a shroud; the cover is disposed at a top of the shroud and hinged with the shroud, and the cover is switchable between a cover open state and a cover closed state, One end of the second driving mechanism is hinged on the first link or the second link, the other end is hinged to one end of the third link, and the other end of the third link is hinged to the cover plate.

The opening and closing mechanism of the present invention is located at the front end of a rail vehicle (especially a city rail vehicle). When the shroud and the cover plate need to be opened, the first driving mechanism drives the shroud to move from the closed state to the open state, and the shroud is gradually Ascending, during this process, the cover plate is gradually opened upward by the cover closed state under the driving of the second drive mechanism until the cover is opened. The invention adopts a two-stage opening mode, which overcomes the technical defect that the opening and closing mechanism of the urban rail vehicle in the prior art cannot be set to be similar to the left and right opening mode of the EMU. When the shroud and the cover are to be closed, the shroud and the cover are returned from the open state to the closed state by the contraction drive of the first drive mechanism, the second drive mechanism, or the direct pressing of the worker. The use of the parallel four-sided mechanism can ensure that the phase of the shroud is always the same as that of the closed state during the opening process, and that the movement of the shroud to the rear of the vehicle is prevented from being too large to interfere with the hood. The first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism are cylinders or compression springs or gas springs.

Further, when the shroud is in a closed state, a hinge position of the first link and the mounting bracket is located behind a hinge position of the first link and the shroud, and The hinge position of the first link and the mounting bracket is higher than the hinge position of the first link and the shroud. In this way, during the opening process, the shroud will first move to the upper front of the front and then to the upper rear of the front to minimize interference between the shroud and the front. The front and rear are the front and rear of the vehicle (the front).

Further, a hinge position of the cover plate and the shroud is located forward of a hinge position of the third link and the cover plate. This ensures that the cover is opened from the rear to the front to minimize interference between the cover and the front.

Further, the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism are compression springs or gas springs, and an angle between the third link and the second driving mechanism when the cover plate is in an open state of the cover plate More than 90°, when the cover is in the closed state of the cover, the angle between the third link and the second drive mechanism is less than 90°; as the shroud is from the closed state to the open state Moving, the angle between the third link and the second drive mechanism transitions from less than 90° to greater than 90°. When the shroud is open, the angle between the third link and the second drive mechanism changes from less than 90° to greater than 90°, and when switched to greater than 90°, the compression spring or The gas spring can apply a thrust to the third link, thereby pushing the cover plate to the open state of the cover plate, thereby realizing the linkage opening of the cover plate and the shroud, without separately controlling the opening of the cover plate; the cover plate needs to be closed and When the deflector is pressed, the worker presses the cover plate, and during the gradual closing process, the angle between the third link and the second drive mechanism is switched from greater than 90° to less than 90°, when the cover is When the cover is closed, since the angle between the third link and the second drive mechanism is less than 90°, the cover is reliably locked on the shroud; and the pressing force is continuously applied to the cover The shroud will move to the closed state. Wherein, the angle between the third link and the second driving mechanism refers to an angle between a biasing axis of the compression spring or the gas spring (second driving mechanism) and the third link.

Further, a middle portion of the third link further has a guiding hole extending along the third link, and the guide cover is provided with a guiding mount, and the guiding mounting seat is provided with the guiding The leading axis of the hole. The arrangement of the guide holes on the one hand can better limit the position and movement path of the third link, and on the other hand the lower end of the guide hole can be used to define the maximum opening extent of the cover.

Further, the opening and closing mechanism further includes an opening and locking mechanism, the opening and locking mechanism includes a latch seat disposed on the mounting frame, and the first link and/or the second link are provided with a supply base The jack into which the pin in the pin holder is inserted. When the shroud is in a predetermined open state, the latch in the latch seat is inserted into the jack to lock the open state of the shroud, which improves the stability and reliability of the opening and closing mechanism.

Further, the opening and closing mechanism further includes a closing locking mechanism disposed on the mounting bracket, the closing locking mechanism for locking the first driving mechanism with the first link or the second link or An articulated shaft hinged to the shroud. The closing locking mechanism can employ a conventional locking mechanism such as a conventional automobile door lock, a car hood lock, or the like.

Further, the mounting bracket is further provided with an opening limiting device for defining a displacement limit of the first connecting rod or the second connecting rod and a closing for limiting the displacement limit of the first connecting rod or the second connecting rod Limiter. Preferably, the opening limit device and the closing limit device comprise an adjusting bolt capable of finely adjusting the displacement limit of the first link or the second link.

Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also relates to a rail vehicle comprising the above-described opening and closing mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism being disposed at a front end of the rail vehicle, the mounting bracket being fixed to a rail vehicle, the diversion The opening/closing directions of the cover and the cover are located in the plane in which the rail vehicle is longitudinally and vertically.

The opening and closing mechanism of the invention can meet the requirements of the condition of the head shape, the limit, the equipment arrangement and the like of the subway vehicle, and has the characteristics of convenient opening, quick operation, stable and reliable, and the like, while ensuring the train to be connected to a smaller curve radius. The utility model does not interfere with the equipment such as the anti-climbing device and the hood, and the invention can not use the air circuit and the circuit control, so that the opening and closing mechanism is more safe and reliable, and the maintenance workload is retrieved.

DRAWINGS

1 is a perspective view (closed state) of an opening and closing mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a bottom perspective view (closed state) of the opening and closing mechanism of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a perspective view (open state) of the opening and closing mechanism of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic view (closed state) of the opening and closing mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a plan view (closed state) of the opening and closing mechanism of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic view (open state) of the opening and closing mechanism of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a side view (open state) of the opening and closing mechanism of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic view (open state) of the opening and closing mechanism of the second embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a schematic view (closed state) of the opening and closing mechanism of the second embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a schematic view of the opening and closing mechanism of the second embodiment of the present invention (during opening);

Fig. 11 is a schematic view (open state) of the opening and closing mechanism of the second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-mounting frame, 11-mounting seat, 2-bar linkage, 21-first link, 22-second link, 3-flow guide, 4-cover, 51-first drive mechanism, 52-second drive mechanism, 6-open lock mechanism, 7-third link, 71-guide hole, 72-guide mount, 8-close lock mechanism, 9-open limit device, 10-close limit device .

Detailed ways

The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Referring to FIGS. 1-7, an opening and closing mechanism is disposed at a front end of a rail vehicle, particularly a front end of a city rail vehicle, including a mounting bracket 1, a connecting rod 2, a shroud 3, a first driving mechanism 51, and a second driving The mechanism 52 and the cover 4 and the like, the connecting rod 2, the shroud 3, the first driving mechanism 51 and the second driving mechanism 52 are symmetrically arranged with two sets along the longitudinal center of the vehicle, the mounting bracket 1 and the shroud 3 Connected by a connecting rod 2, the connecting rod comprising a first connecting rod 21 and a second connecting rod 22, the first connecting rod 21 being simultaneously hinged with the mounting bracket 1 and the shroud 3, the second connecting rod 22 is simultaneously articulated with the mounting bracket 1 and the shroud 3, the mounting bracket 1, the shroud 3, the first link 21 and the second link 22 together form a parallelogram mechanism; the shroud 3 can be in an open state ( 2) and switching between the closed state (FIG. 1), when the shroud 3 is in the closed state, the hinge position of the first link 21 and the mounting frame 1 is located at the first link 21 and The rear of the hinge position of the shroud 3, and the hinge position of the first link 21 and the mounting bracket 1 is higher than the hinge position of the first link 21 and the shroud 3 One end of the first driving mechanism 21 is hinged on the mounting bracket 1 and the other end is hinged on the first connecting rod 21 (of course, the other end of the first driving mechanism 21 may also be hinged to the second connecting rod Or a shroud; a cover plate 4 is disposed at the top of the shroud 3 and hinged with the shroud 3, and the cover plate 3 is switchable between a cover open state and a cover closed state, One end of the second driving mechanism 22 is hinged on the second link 22 (may also be hinged to the first link 21), the other end is hinged to one end of the third link 7, and the other end of the third link 7 is covered. The plate 4 is hinged; the hinged position of the cover 4 and the shroud 3 is located in front of the hinged position of the third link 7 and the cover 4. It should be noted that the opening or closing direction of the shroud 3 and the cover 4 is located in the plane of the longitudinal and vertical directions of the rail vehicle, the longitudinal direction is the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the vertical direction is the vertical direction.

The mounting bracket 1 and the fixing base 11 are connected by a fastener, the fixing base 11 is fixedly connected with the vehicle body, and the fixing seat 11 and the mounting bracket 1 are respectively provided with a waist-shaped hole, and the adjusting gasket is used, and the opening and closing mechanism can be realized before and after. A certain adjustment can be realized in all directions from top to bottom, and the gap between the opening and closing mechanism and the hood is ensured, so that the appearance of the whole vehicle head is more coordinated. The mounting bracket 1 is provided with two and is symmetrically distributed with respect to the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle.

The first driving mechanism 51 and the second driving mechanism 52 are compression springs or gas springs. When the cover plate 4 is in the cover open state, referring to FIG. 6, the angle between the third link 7 and the second driving mechanism 52 is greater than 90. °, when the cover 4 is in the closed state of the cover, referring to FIG. 4, the angle between the third link 7 and the second drive mechanism 52 is less than 90°; as the shroud 3 moves from the closed state to the open state, The angle between the third link 7 and the second drive mechanism 52 transitions from less than 90° to greater than 90°. When the shroud 3 is in the process of opening, the angle between the third link 7 and the second drive mechanism 52 is changed from less than 90° to more than 90°, and when switching to more than 90°, the compression spring or the gas spring can Applying a thrust to the third link 7 to push the cover 4 to the open state of the cover, thereby realizing the interlocking opening of the cover 4 and the shroud 3, and it is not necessary to separately control the opening of the cover 4; When the plate 4 and the shroud 3 are pressed, the worker presses the cover 4, and during the gradual closing of the cover 4, the angle between the third link 7 and the second drive mechanism 52 is switched from greater than 90° to less than 90°. When the cover 4 is in the closed state of the cover, since the angle between the third link 7 and the second drive mechanism 52 is less than 90°, the cover 4 is reliably locked on the shroud 3; 4 When the pressing force is applied, the shroud 3 will move to the closed state. The angle between the third link 7 and the second drive mechanism 52 refers to the angle between the biasing axis of the compression spring or the gas spring (second drive mechanism) and the third link 7.

Preferably, the middle portion of the third link 7 further has a guiding hole 71 extending along the third link 7, and the guide cover 3 is provided with a guiding mount 72 on which the guiding mount 72 is disposed. The leading axis of the hole 71. The arrangement of the guide holes 71 on the one hand can better limit the position and movement trajectory of the third link 7, and on the other hand, the lower end portion of the guide hole 7 can be used to define the maximum opening extent of the cover plate 4.

The opening and closing mechanism further includes an opening and locking mechanism 6, the opening and locking mechanism 6 including a latch seat disposed on the mounting frame 1, and the first link 21 and/or the second link 22 are provided with a supply base The jack into which the pin in the pin holder is inserted. When the shroud 3 is in a predetermined open state, the latch in the latch seat is inserted into the jack to lock the open state of the shroud, which improves the stability and reliability of the opening and closing mechanism.

The opening and closing mechanism further includes a closing lock mechanism 8 disposed on the mounting frame 1, and the closing locking mechanism 8 is for locking the hinge shaft of the first driving mechanism 51 hinged with the first link 51. The closing locking mechanism 8 can adopt a conventional locking mechanism such as a conventional automobile door lock, a car hood lock, etc., and the worker can close the locking mechanism 8 in the cab to operate, and the first driving mechanism can be realized only by a small pulling force and stroke. The 51 connected hinges are unlocked.

The mounting bracket 1 is also provided with an opening limit device 9 for defining the displacement limit of the first link 21 or the second link 22 and a closing limit device 10 for defining the displacement limit of the first link or the second link. Preferably, the opening and stopping device 9 and the closing device 10 include an adjusting bolt capable of finely adjusting the displacement limit of the first link or the second link.

The opening and closing process of the opening and closing mechanism is as follows.

When the opening and closing mechanism needs to be opened, the operating lock of the driver's cab operates the closing and locking mechanism 8, and only a small pulling force and stroke are required to realize the hinged shaft hinged to the first driving mechanism 51 and the first connecting rod 21 The unlocking is performed, and the first link 21 and the second link 22 drive the shroud 3 to rotate under the pushing action of the first driving mechanism 51, and the shroud 3 first redirects to the front of the vehicle in the process of gradually rising. Rearward movement, during which the angle between the third link 7 and the second drive mechanism 52 changes from less than 90° to more than 90°, when the second drive mechanism 52 acts through the “dead point” position (90°) The second driving mechanism 52 pushes up the cover plate 4 to move upwards, gradually opening the cover plate 4, and the front cover of the cover plate 4 is opened around the hinged axial direction of the vehicle. At this time, the cover plate 4 and the shroud 3 are opened upwardly together until The guiding hole 71 extending from the third connecting rod 7 restrains the cover plate 4, and the cover plate 4 is in the open state of the cover plate; when the first link 21 or the second link 22 abuts against the opening limit device 9, the shroud 3 is in an open state, and the latch in the opening locking mechanism 6 is inserted into the first link 21 or the second The jack lever 22, locking the shroud 3 to achieve an open state.

When the opening and closing mechanism needs to be closed, the worker is under the vehicle, manually operates the latch of the locking mechanism 6, moves it out of the jack, presses the cover 4, and the cover 4 is gradually closed, the third link 7 is The angle between the second driving mechanisms 52 is changed from greater than 90° to less than 90°, and when the cover 4 is in the closed state of the cover, the angle between the third link 7 and the second driving mechanism 52 is less than 90°. The cover plate is securely locked on the shroud 3; the pressing force is continuously applied to the cover plate 4, and the shroud 3 will move to the closed state until the first link 21 or the second link 22 abuts the closing limit When the device 10 is in position, the shroud 3 is in a closed state, and the closing lock mechanism 8 locks the hinge shaft to which the first drive mechanism 51 is hinged to the first link 21, that is, the closing operation is completed. No gas circuit or circuit control is required during the entire operation.

It should be noted that the first driving mechanism 51 and the second driving mechanism 52 may also adopt a cylinder. When the opening and closing mechanism needs to be opened, the first driving mechanism 51 is first controlled to open the air guiding cover 3, and the air guiding cover 3 is opened to a certain extent. When the second driving mechanism 52 is controlled to open the cover 4; when the opening and closing mechanism needs to be closed, the second driving mechanism 52 is first controlled to close the cover 4, and when the cover 4 is completely closed, the second driving mechanism 52 and the third connecting rod The hinge shaft and the second link 22 of the shaft 7 are coaxial with the hinge shaft of the shroud 3, and the first drive mechanism 51 is controlled to close the shroud 3 after the cover 4 is completely closed.

Example 2

8-11, on the basis that the other components and the connection manner are the same, unlike the first embodiment, the first driving mechanism 51 is hinged in the middle of the first link 21, and the first driving mechanism 51 in the embodiment. It is hinged at the end of the first link 21.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and the specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not limiting. It is to be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

An opening and closing mechanism, comprising: a mounting bracket (1), a flow guiding cover (3), a first driving mechanism (51), a second driving mechanism (52) and a cover plate (4), the mounting frame (1) and the shroud (3) are connected by a first link (21) and a second link (22), the first link (21) and the mounting bracket (1) and the shroud ( 3) articulated, the second link (22) is hinged with the mounting bracket (1) and the shroud (3), the mounting bracket (1), the shroud (3), the first link ( 21) forming a parallelogram mechanism together with the second link (22); the shroud (3) is switchable between an open state and a closed state, one end of the first drive mechanism (51) being hinged at the On the mounting frame (1), the other end is hinged on the first link (21) or the second link (22) or the shroud (3); the cover plate (4) is disposed on the diversion a top portion of the cover (3) and hinged with the shroud (3), the cover plate (4) being switchable between a cover open state and a cover closed state, the second drive mechanism (52) One end is hinged to the first link (21) or the second link (22), and the other end is hinged to one end of the third link (7), the third link (7) The other end of the cover plate (4) is hinged.
The opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein when the shroud is in a closed state, a hinge position of the first link and the mounting bracket is located at the first link a rearward position of the hinged position of the shroud, and a hinge position of the first link and the mounting bracket is higher than a hinged position of the first link and the shroud.
The opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a hinge position of the cover plate and the shroud is located forward of a hinged position of the third link and the cover.
The opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein the first driving mechanism (51) and the second driving mechanism (52) are compression springs or gas springs when the cover plate is (4) when the cover is open, the angle between the third link (7) and the second drive mechanism (52) is greater than 90°, when the cover (4) is in the cover closed state The angle between the third link (7) and the second drive mechanism (52) is less than 90°; as the shroud (3) moves from the closed state to the open state, the first The angle between the three links (7) and the second drive mechanism (52) transitions from less than 90° to greater than 90°.
The opening and closing mechanism according to claim 4, wherein the middle portion of the third link (7) further has a guiding hole (71) extending along the third link (7), A guide mount (72) is disposed on the shroud (3), and the guide mount (72) is provided with a guide shaft passing through the guide hole (71).
The opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the opening and closing mechanism further comprises an opening locking mechanism (6), and the opening locking mechanism (6) comprises a mounting bracket (1) In the upper latch seat, the first link (21) and/or the second link (22) are provided with an insertion hole for inserting a pin in the pin holder.
The opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the opening and closing mechanism further comprises a closing locking mechanism (8) disposed on the mounting bracket (1), the closing locking mechanism (8) An hinge shaft for locking the first drive mechanism (51) to the first link (21) or the second link (22) or the shroud (3).
The opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting bracket (1) is further provided with a displacement limit for defining the first link (21) or the second link (22). A limit device (9) and a closing limit device (10) for defining a displacement limit of the first link (21) or the second link (22) are opened.
The opening and closing mechanism according to claim 8, wherein the opening limit device (9) and the closing limit device (10) comprise an adjusting bolt capable of facing the first link (21) Or the displacement limit of the second link (22) is fine-tuned.
A rail vehicle characterized by comprising the opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the opening and closing mechanism is disposed at a front end of the rail vehicle, and the mounting bracket (1) is fixed to the rail On the vehicle, the opening/closing directions of the shroud (3) and the cover (4) are located in the plane in which the rail vehicle is longitudinally and vertically.