CN113291332B - Special shroud for heavy-duty EMUs - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a special wind deflector for a heavy-duty train set, and relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, in particular to a high-speed rail vehicle wind deflector structure. The upper seat frame and the lower seat frame of the present invention are fixedly installed on the end car body of the head car of the rail vehicle through bolts; the upper part of the secondary air guide cover is connected with the upper seat frame through the upper arm; The rotating arm is connected with the drive shaft installed on the lower frame by interference fit; the drive shaft is connected with the output end of the air motor fixedly mounted on the lower frame; The cover is connected with the air motor mounted on the secondary shroud. The technical solution of the present invention solves the problem in the prior art that due to the excessive gap of the shroud, irregular airflow and serious turbulence are generated, which affects the aerodynamic performance and causes the vehicle speed to not increase; at the same time, the splashed gravel and sundries affect Coupler and electrical device damage; rain and snow affect the connection of electrical devices and other issues.

Description

Special shroud for heavy-duty EMUs

technical field

The invention relates to a special wind deflector for a heavy-duty train set, and relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, in particular to a high-speed rail vehicle wind deflector structure.

Background technique

At present, with the rapid development of my country's high-speed rail network construction, the requirements for the speed and safety of high-speed trains are also getting higher and higher. When domestic high-speed rail vehicles are used in reconnection, because the existing shroud is composed of two left and right shrouds, it can only be fully opened or fully closed. After reconnection, it can only be fully opened. There is a large gap between the shrouds. When the train is running at high speed, the airflow is irregular and the turbulence is serious near the gap of the shroud, which affects the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle.

When the existing high-speed vehicles are reconnected and used, the fully-opened shroud, the coupler at the front joint and the electrical device at the end of the vehicle are exposed to the air. On the one hand, gravel and other sundries are caused to splash when the vehicle runs at high speed. Damage to the coupler and electrical devices; In addition, rain and snow will also affect the connection of electrical devices.

In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, it is very necessary to study and design a new type of special shroud for heavy-duty multiple trains, so as to overcome the problems existing in the prior art.

Contents of the invention

According to the above-mentioned prior art, because the clearance of the shroud is too large, irregular air flow and turbulent flow are serious, which affects the aerodynamic performance and causes the speed of the vehicle to increase; at the same time, the splashed gravel and sundries cause damage to the coupler and electrical devices. In addition, rain and snow will also affect the connection of electrical devices and other technical problems, and a special shroud for heavy-duty multiple units is provided. The present invention mainly completes the three working states of closing, semi-opening and fully opening of the air guiding cover by setting the first and second double-layer air guiding covers and controlling the relative motion relationship between the two-layer guiding covers. Sealing strips are pasted on the ends of the cowl to realize the bonding between the two layers of the cowl in the closed, half-open, and fully-open states; thereby reducing or even eliminating the gap between the cowls, so as to increase the speed of the vehicle and prevent Damage to electrical devices and couplers, etc.

The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

A special wind deflector for heavy-duty multiple trains includes: a primary wind deflector, a secondary wind deflector, an upper mount, an upper swing arm, a lower swing arm, a drive shaft, a lower mount and a link mechanism;

Further, the upper seat frame and the lower seat frame are fixedly installed on the end car body of the head car of the rail vehicle through bolts;

Further, the upper part of the secondary wind deflector is connected with the upper seat frame through the upper rotating arm;

Further, the lower part of the secondary shroud is connected with the drive shaft installed on the lower seat frame through the lower rotating arm by an interference fit;

Further, the drive shaft is connected to the output end of the air motor fixedly mounted on the lower seat frame; the air system of the rail vehicle provides power to the drive shaft through the air motor, thereby driving the movement of the secondary wind deflector to realize the opening of the wind deflector. close;

Further, the lower end of the first-stage air guide cover is connected with the second-stage air guide cover and the air motor mounted on the second-stage air guide cover through the linkage mechanism; the air system of the rail vehicle provides power to the linkage mechanism through the air motor, Thus, the connecting rod mechanism is driven to realize the movement of the primary wind deflector relative to the secondary wind deflector.

Further, the secondary wind deflector includes: the left secondary wind deflector, the right secondary wind deflector, the upper rotating arm seat of the second secondary wind deflector, the upper rotating arm seat of the left secondary wind deflecting cover, the right secondary air deflector Hood upper arm seat, second-stage dome lower arm seat, left second-stage dome lower arm seat, right second-stage dome lower arm seat, second-stage dome connecting rod seat, left second-stage Spinner rod mount and right secondary shroud rod mount;

Further, the inner wall of the upper end of the left secondary wind deflector is provided with an upper rotating arm seat of the left secondary wind deflector, which is used for connecting with the upper rotating arm;

Further, the rear part of the inner wall of the lower end of the left secondary wind deflector is provided with a lower rotating arm seat of the left secondary wind deflector, which is used for connecting with the lower rotating arm;

Further, the front part of the inner wall of the lower end of the left secondary flow guide is provided with a connecting rod seat of the left secondary flow guide, which is used to connect with the linkage mechanism;

Further, the inner wall of the upper end of the right secondary air guide cover is provided with an upper rotating arm seat for the right secondary air guiding cover, which is used for connecting with the upper rotating arm;

Further, the rear part of the inner wall of the lower end of the right secondary flow guide is provided with a lower rotating arm seat of the right secondary flow guiding cover, which is used for connecting with the lower rotating arm;

Further, the front part of the inner wall of the lower end of the right secondary air guide cover is provided with a connecting rod seat of the right secondary air guide cover, which is used for connecting with the linkage mechanism.

Further, the upper rotating arm includes: a left upper rotating arm and a right upper rotating arm;

Further, one end of the left upper rotating arm is hinged with the upper rotating arm seat of the left secondary shroud, and the other end is hinged with the upper seat frame;

Further, one end of the right upper rotating arm is hinged with the upper rotating arm seat of the right secondary wind deflector, and the other end is hinged with the upper seat frame.

Further, the drive shaft includes: a left drive shaft and a right drive shaft;

Further, the left drive shaft and the right drive shaft are respectively fixedly installed on the output ends of the air motor on the left and right sides of the lower seat frame.

Further, the lower rotating arm includes: a left lower rotating arm and a right lower rotating arm;

Further, one end of the left lower rotating arm is hinged with the lower rotating arm seat of the left secondary shroud, and the other end is connected with the left drive shaft by interference fit;

Further, one end of the right lower rotating arm is hinged with the lower rotating arm seat of the right secondary wind deflector, and the other end is connected with the right drive shaft by interference fit.

Further, the first-stage wind deflector includes: a left first-stage wind deflector, a right first-stage wind deflector, a left first-stage wind deflector connecting rod seat, and a right first-stage wind deflector connecting rod seat;

Further, the connecting rod seat of the left first-stage wind deflector is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower end of the left first-stage wind deflector, and is used for connecting with the linkage mechanism;

Further, the connecting rod seat of the right first-stage wind deflector is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the lower end of the right first-stage wind deflector, and is used for connecting with the linkage mechanism.

Further, the connecting rod mechanism includes: a driving connecting rod, a left driving connecting rod, a right driving connecting rod, a driven connecting rod, a left driven connecting rod and a right driven connecting rod;

Further, one end of the left active connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the output end of the air motor in the connecting rod seat of the left secondary wind deflector, and the other end is hinged with the left primary wind deflector;

Further, the two ends of the left driven connecting rod are respectively hinged with the left first-stage shroud and the left second-stage shroud;

Further, one end of the right active connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the output end of the air motor in the connecting rod seat of the right second-stage shroud, and the other end is hinged to the right first-stage shroud;

Further, the two ends of the right driven connecting rod are respectively hinged with the right first-stage shroud and the right second-stage shroud.

Further, the ends of the first-stage air guide cover and the second-stage air guide cover are provided with sealing strips to realize the sealing between the two-layer air guide cover in the closed, half-open and fully-open states.

The usage mode of the present invention is:

When the rail vehicle is in normal single-car operation, the primary and secondary air guides are extended, and the air guides are closed;

When the train needs to be reconnected, the front and rear vehicles need to be connected through the coupler. At this time, the air guide cover drives the air motor through the air system of the rail vehicle to provide power to control the rotation of the active connecting rod to drive the active connecting rod and the driven The movement of the connecting rod, the first-stage shroud and the second-stage shroud constitute a four-bar linkage mechanism, so as to realize the relative contraction movement of the first-stage shroud and the second-stage shroud. The air deflector drives the air motor through the rail vehicle's own air system to provide power to control the rotation of the drive shaft, thereby driving the rotation of the upper and lower rotating arms to realize the contraction movement of the secondary deflector. At this time, the shroud is fully opened, and the front and rear vehicles run against each other to realize the locking of the coupler, and the electrical device at the vehicle end is automatically connected.

Then, the air system of the rail vehicle itself drives the air motor to drive the drive shaft to rotate to drive the rotation of the upper and lower pivoting arms to realize the extension of the secondary air guide cover, thereby realizing the semi-open state of the air guide cover. The air deflectors of the front and rear vehicles are all in a semi-open state. At this time, the secondary air deflectors and the car body are tightly bonded by rubber sealing strips, and the secondary air deflectors of the front and rear vehicles are also bonded to each other by sealing strips. And a certain amount of extrusion deformation is allowed between the sealing strips that fit each other, so that the tight fit between the shrouds of the front and rear vehicles can be realized when the train is reconnected, thereby overcoming the gap between the front and rear vehicles when the existing rail vehicles are reconnected. There is a large gap near the coupler, and near the gap when the train is running at high speed, the airflow is irregular and the turbulence is serious, which affects the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle. At the same time, it can effectively protect the coupler and the electrical connection device at the vehicle end, which can avoid the damage to the electrical connection device at the vehicle end caused by the debris such as gravel splashed by the vehicle during high-speed operation, and at the same time avoid damage to the vehicle due to rain and snow. adverse effects on the electrical connection of the terminals. In addition, when reconnecting, the front and rear vehicle shrouds are tightly fitted through the sealing strips, which can be used to compensate for the slight relative displacement between the front and rear vehicles when the reconnecting vehicle passes through the curve through the mutual extrusion of the sealing strips, so as to ensure the curve passing of the vehicle .

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The special shroud for heavy-duty multiple trains provided by the present invention, the shroud in the semi-open state can greatly reduce the gap between the shrouds of the front and rear cars when two cars are reconnected, and improve the aerodynamic force of high-speed trains academic performance;

2. The special shroud for heavy-duty multiple trains provided by the present invention can effectively reduce the space occupied by the shrunk shroud, and ensure that the shroud is placed in the head cover after opening and cannot be installed in the front end cover of the head of the EMU. energy-absorbing device and anti-climber interference;

3. The special shroud provided by the present invention can cover the coupler and the electrical connection device at the end of the train when the train is reconnected, which can effectively avoid debris and other sundries brought up by the vehicle during high-speed operation The splash damages the electrical connection device at the vehicle end, and at the same time, it can avoid the adverse effect on the electrical connection at the vehicle end due to rain and snow.

In summary, the application of the technical solution of the present invention solves the problem in the prior art that due to the excessive gap of the shroud, irregular airflow and severe turbulence are generated, which affects the aerodynamic performance and causes the vehicle speed to fail to increase; at the same time, the flying gravel and sundries cause damage to the coupler and electrical devices; rain and snow affect the connection of electrical devices and other issues.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the closed state of the shroud of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the semi-open state of the shroud of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the closed state of the shroud of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the semi-open state of the shroud of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a top view of the working state of the shroud in the reconnected state of the two vehicles of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a front view of the working state of the shroud in the reconnected state of the two vehicles of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a side view of the working state of the shroud in the double-connected state of the two vehicles of the present invention.

In the picture:

1. First-stage air deflector; 1a, Left first-stage air guide; 1b, Right first-stage air guide; 11. First-stage air guide connecting rod seat; 11a, Left first-stage air guide connecting rod seat; 11b , Right first stage shroud connecting rod seat;

2. Second-stage wind deflector; 2a, Left two-stage wind deflector; 2b, Right two-stage wind deflector; 21. Upper arm seat of second-stage air guide; 21a, Upper arm seat of left two-stage air guide ; 21b, the upper arm seat of the right second-stage air guide; 22, the lower arm seat of the second-stage air guide; 22a, the lower arm seat of the left second-stage air guide; 22b, the lower arm of the right second-stage air guide 23, the connecting rod seat of the secondary wind deflector; 23a, the connecting rod seat of the left secondary wind deflector; 23b, the connecting rod seat of the right secondary wind deflector;

3. Upper mount;

4. Upper arm; 4a, left upper arm; 4b, right upper arm;

5. Lower rotating arm; 5a, Left lower rotating arm; 5b, Right lower rotating arm;

6. Drive shaft; 6a, left drive shaft; 6b, right drive shaft;

7. Lower seat frame;

8. Active connecting rod; 8a, left active connecting rod; 8b, right active connecting rod;

9, driven connecting rod; 9a, left driven connecting rod; 9b, right driven connecting rod.

detailed description

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and in no way taken as limiting the invention, its application or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. At the same time, it should be clear that, for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the authorized description. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as exemplary only, and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiment may have different values. It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further discussion in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" etc. indicate the orientation Or positional relationship is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. In the absence of a contrary description, these orientation words do not indicate or imply the device or element referred to. It must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention: the orientation words "inside and outside" refer to inside and outside relative to the outline of each part itself.

For the convenience of description, spatially relative terms may be used here, such as "on ...", "over ...", "on the surface of ...", "above", etc., to describe the The spatial positional relationship between one device or feature shown and other devices or features. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "above" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "beneath" or "above" the other devices or configurations. its underlying device or construction". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of "above" and "beneath". The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of distinguishing corresponding components. To limit the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a dedicated shroud for heavy-duty multiple trains, including: a primary shroud 1, a second shroud 2, an upper seat frame 3, an upper swing arm 4, a lower swing arm 5, a drive Shaft 6, lower seat frame 7 and link mechanism; upper seat frame 3 and lower seat frame 7 are fixedly installed on the end car body of rail vehicle head car by bolts; The upper seat frame 3 is connected; the lower part of the secondary shroud 2 is connected with the drive shaft 6 installed on the lower seat frame 7 through the lower rotating arm 5 through an interference fit; the drive shaft 6 is connected with the air motor fixed on the lower seat frame 7 The output ends are connected; the air system of the rail vehicle provides power to the drive shaft through the air motor, thereby driving the movement of the second-stage shroud to realize the opening and closing of the shroud; the lower end of the first-stage shroud 1 connects with the The secondary air deflector 2 and the air motor mounted on the secondary air deflector 2 are connected; the air system of the rail vehicle provides power to the connecting rod mechanism through the air motor, thereby driving the connecting rod mechanism, so that the primary air deflector is relatively for the movement of the secondary shroud.

The secondary wind deflector 2 includes: the left secondary wind deflector 2a, the right secondary wind deflector 2b, the upper swing arm seat 21 of the secondary wind flow guide, the upper swing arm seat 21a of the left secondary flow guide, the right secondary wind deflector The upper swivel arm seat 21b of the spoiler, the lower swivel arm seat 22 of the secondary spoiler, the lower swivel arm seat 22a of the left secondary spoiler, the lower swivel arm seat 22b of the right secondary spoiler, the connecting arm of the secondary spoiler Rod seat 23, left secondary air guide cover connecting rod seat 23a and right secondary air guide cover connecting rod seat 23b; the upper end inner wall of left secondary air guide cover 2a is provided with left secondary air guide cover upper rotating arm seat 21a , used to connect with the upper arm 4; the rear part of the inner wall of the lower end of the left secondary air guide cover 2a is provided with a left secondary air guide cover lower arm seat 22a, which is used to connect with the lower arm 5; The front part of the inner wall of the lower end of the air guide cover 2a is provided with a left secondary air guide cover connecting rod seat 23a for connecting with the linkage mechanism; the upper end inner wall of the right secondary air guide cover 2b is provided with a right secondary air guide cover The upper rotating arm seat 21b is used to connect with the upper rotating arm 4; the rear part of the inner wall of the lower end of the right secondary flow guide cover 2b is provided with a right secondary rotating arm seat 22b for connecting with the lower rotating arm 5. Connection; the front part of the inner wall of the lower end of the right secondary flow guide cover 2b is provided with a right secondary flow guide cover connecting rod seat 23b for connecting with the linkage mechanism.

Drive shaft 6 comprises: left side drive shaft 6a and right side drive shaft 6b;

The upper rotating arm 4 includes: the left upper rotating arm 4a and the right upper rotating arm 4b; Hinged; one end of the right side upper arm 4b is hinged with the upper arm seat 21b of the right secondary shroud, and the other end is hinged with the upper frame 3 .

The lower rotating arm 5 includes: a left lower rotating arm 5a and a right lower rotating arm 5b; one end of the left lower rotating arm 5a is hinged with the lower rotating arm seat 22a of the left secondary shroud, and the other end is connected with the left driving shaft 6a is connected with interference fit; one end of the right lower rotating arm 5b is hinged with the lower rotating arm seat 22b of the right secondary shroud, and the other end is connected with the right drive shaft 6b through interference fit.

The first-stage air guide cover 1 includes: the left first-stage air guide cover 11, the right first-stage air guide cover 12, the left first-stage air guide cover connecting rod seat 11a, the right first-stage air guide cover connecting rod seat 11b; the left first-stage air guide cover connecting rod seat 11b; Spinner connecting rod seat 11a is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower end of the left first-stage air guide cover 11, and is used to connect with the linkage mechanism; the right first-stage air guide cover connecting rod seat 11b is fixedly installed on the lower end of the right first-stage air guide cover 12 On the inner wall, it is used to connect with the linkage mechanism.

Link mechanism comprises: active link 8, left active link 8a, right active link 8b, driven link 9, left driven link 9a and right driven link 9b; one end of left active link 8a is fixed It is installed on the output end of the air motor in the connecting rod seat 23a of the left secondary shroud, and the other end is hinged with the left first shroud 1a; the two ends of the left driven connecting rod 9a are respectively connected with the left first shroud 1a is hinged with the left secondary air guide cover 2a; one end of the right active connecting rod 8b is fixedly mounted on the output end of the air motor in the right secondary air guide cover connecting rod seat 23b, and the other end is connected with the right primary air guide cover 1b is hinged; the two ends of the right driven link 9b are respectively hinged with the right first-stage shroud 1b and the right second-stage shroud 2b.

Both the ends of the first-stage air guide 1 and the second-stage air guide 2 are provided with sealing strips to realize the sealing between the two layers of air guides in closed, half-open and fully-open states.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (8)

1. A special shroud for heavy multiple trains, characterized in that: The special shroud for heavy-duty multiple trains includes: a first-level shroud (1), a second-level shroud (2), and a connection between the first-level shroud (1) and the second-level shroud (2). Connecting rod mechanism; by controlling the movement of the connecting rod mechanism, the relative motion relationship between the primary nozzle (1) and the secondary nozzle (2) is controlled to realize the primary nozzle (1) and the secondary nozzle ( 2) Three working states of closed, half-open and fully open; The special shroud for the heavy-duty train set also includes: an upper seat frame (3), an upper rotating arm (4), a lower rotating arm (5), a drive shaft (6) and a lower seat frame (7); The upper seat frame (3) and the lower seat frame (7) are fixedly installed on the end car body of the head car of the rail vehicle through bolts; The upper part of the secondary shroud (2) is connected with the upper frame (3) through the upper arm (4); The lower part of the secondary shroud (2) is connected with the drive shaft (6) mounted on the lower frame (7) through an interference fit through the lower arm (5); The drive shaft (6) is connected to the output end of the air motor fixedly mounted on the lower seat frame (7); the air system of the rail vehicle provides power to the drive shaft through the air motor, thereby driving the movement of the secondary shroud to Realize the opening and closing of the shroud; The lower end of the primary air deflector (1) is connected with the secondary air deflector (2) and the air motor mounted on the secondary air deflector (2) through a linkage mechanism; the air system of the rail vehicle passes through The air motor provides power to the connecting rod mechanism, thereby driving the connecting rod mechanism to realize the movement of the first-stage shroud relative to the second-stage shroud. 2. The special air deflector for heavy-duty multiple trains according to claim 1, characterized in that, the two-stage air deflector (2) comprises: a left two-stage air deflector (2a), a right two-stage air deflector Hood (2b), Secondary Nozzle Upper Rotary Arm Seat (21), Secondary Nozzle Lower Rotary Arm Seat (22) and Secondary Nozzle Connecting Rod Seat (23); The upper swivel arm seat (21) of the second-stage wind deflector includes: the upper swivel arm seat (21a) of the left second-stage shroud, the upper swivel arm seat (21b) of the right second-stage shroud; The lower pivot arm seat (22) of the second-stage wind deflector includes: the lower pivot arm seat (22a) of the left secondary wind deflector, and the lower pivot arm seat (22b) of the right second-stage wind deflector; The second-stage wind deflector connecting rod seat (23) includes: a left two-stage wind deflector connecting rod seat (23a) and a right two-stage wind deflector connecting rod seat (23b); The inner wall of the upper end of the left secondary wind deflector (2a) is provided with an upper swing arm seat (21a) of the left secondary wind deflector, which is used to connect with the upper swing arm (4); The rear part of the inner wall of the lower end of the left secondary air guide (2a) is provided with a left secondary air guide lower arm seat (22a), which is used to connect with the lower arm (5); The front part of the inner wall of the lower end of the left secondary air guide (2a) is provided with a left secondary air guide connecting rod seat (23a), which is used to connect with the connecting rod mechanism; The inner wall of the upper end of the right secondary air guide (2b) is provided with an upper rotating arm seat (21b) of the right secondary air guiding cover (21b), which is used to connect with the upper rotating arm (4); The rear part of the inner wall of the lower end of the right second-stage shroud (2b) is provided with a lower arm seat (22b) of the right second-stage shroud, which is used to connect with the lower arm (5); The front part of the inner wall of the lower end of the right secondary air guide cover (2b) is provided with a right secondary air guide cover connecting rod seat (23b) for connecting with the link mechanism. 3. The special shroud for heavy-duty multiple trains according to claim 2, characterized in that, the upper rotating arm (4) includes: a left upper rotating arm (4a) and a right upper rotating arm (4b) ; One end of the left upper arm (4a) is hinged to the upper arm seat (21a) of the left secondary spoiler, and the other end is hinged to the upper frame (3); One end of the right upper pivoting arm (4b) is hinged to the upper pivoting arm seat (21b) of the right secondary spoiler, and the other end is hinged to the upper seat frame (3). 4. The special shroud for heavy-duty multiple trains according to claim 1, characterized in that, the drive shaft (6) includes: a left drive shaft (6a) and a right drive shaft (6b); The left drive shaft (6a) and the right drive shaft (6b) are respectively fixedly installed on the air motor output ends on the left and right sides of the lower mount (7). 5. The special shroud for heavy-duty multiple trains according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lower rotating arm (5) includes: a left lower rotating arm (5a) and a right lower rotating arm (5b) ; One end of the left lower arm (5a) is hinged to the lower arm seat (22a) of the left secondary shroud, and the other end is connected to the left drive shaft (6a) with an interference fit; One end of the right lower rotating arm (5b) is hinged to the right secondary spoiler lower rotating arm seat (22b), and the other end is connected to the right drive shaft (6b) with interference fit. 6. The special air deflector for heavy-duty multiple trains according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first-stage air deflector (1) comprises: a left first-stage air deflector (11), a right first-stage air deflector Cover (12), left first-stage shroud connecting rod seat (11a), right first-stage shroud connecting rod seat (11b); The connecting rod seat (11a) of the left first-stage shroud (11a) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower end of the left first-stage shroud (11), and is used for connecting with the connecting rod mechanism; The connecting rod seat (11b) of the right primary air guide cover (11b) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower end of the right primary air guide cover (12), and is used for connecting with the connecting rod mechanism. 7. The special shroud for heavy-duty multiple trains according to claim 6, characterized in that, the linkage mechanism includes: a driving linkage (8) and a driven linkage (9); The active link (8) includes: a left active link (8a) and a right active link (8b); The driven link (9) includes: a left driven link (9a) and a right driven link (9b); One end of the left active connecting rod (8a) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the air motor in the left second-stage shroud connecting rod seat (23a), and the other end is hinged to the left first-stage shroud (1a); The two ends of the left driven connecting rod (9a) are respectively hinged with the left primary shroud (1a) and the left secondary shroud (2a); One end of the right active connecting rod (8b) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the air motor in the connecting rod seat (23b) of the right second-stage shroud, and the other end is hinged to the right first-stage shroud (1b); The two ends of the right driven connecting rod (9b) are respectively hinged with the right first-stage shroud (1b) and the right second-stage shroud (2b). 8. The special air deflector for heavy-duty EMU according to claim 1, characterized in that, the ends of the primary air deflector (1) and the secondary air deflector (2) are both provided with sealing strips , to realize the sealing between the two layers of shrouds in the closed, half-open and fully-open states.

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