WO2019130766A1 - Sonde à ultrasons - Google Patents

Sonde à ultrasons Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019130766A1
WO2019130766A1 PCT/JP2018/039447 JP2018039447W WO2019130766A1 WO 2019130766 A1 WO2019130766 A1 WO 2019130766A1 JP 2018039447 W JP2018039447 W JP 2018039447W WO 2019130766 A1 WO2019130766 A1 WO 2019130766A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
ultrasonic probe
heat exchanger
heat
pump
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/039447
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
和也 元木
渡辺　徹
Original Assignee
株式会社日立製作所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社日立製作所 filed Critical 株式会社日立製作所
Publication of WO2019130766A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019130766A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/13—Tomography
    • A61B8/14—Echo-tomography
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ultrasonic probe, and more particularly to an ultrasonic probe provided with a refrigerant circulation system.
  • the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus is a medical apparatus that forms an ultrasonic image based on a reception signal obtained by transmission and reception of ultrasonic waves to and from a subject.
  • the ultrasound diagnostic device has an ultrasound probe and a device body to which it is connected.
  • an ultrasonic probe is composed of a probe head, a probe cable and a probe connector.
  • an assembly including an array of vibrating elements is provided within the probe head.
  • An array of transducer elements consists of a plurality of transducer elements arranged in one or two dimensions.
  • the electronic circuitry is provided in the probe head to reduce the number of signal lines drawn from the transducer array, or for other reasons.
  • the electronic circuit is constituted of, for example, one or more integrated circuits (ICs).
  • the electronic circuit is a heat source, and the heat generated there raises the temperature of the probe head, in particular, the temperature of the transmission / reception wavefront that is in contact with the living body.
  • the vibrating element array is also a heat source, which also raises the temperature of the transmission / reception wave surface.
  • the refrigerant circulation system includes a heat exchanger for heat absorption provided in the probe head, a pump provided in the probe connector, a heat exchanger for heat radiation provided in the probe connector, and two heat exchanges Consisting of two pipes provided between the vessels.
  • the probe head is cooled by circulating the refrigerant between the two heat exchangers.
  • a laminate including a heat source is provided in the probe head.
  • In order to suppress the temperature rise of a probe head in order to suppress the temperature rise of the transmission-and-reception wave surface especially contact
  • An object of the present invention is to effectively cool a laminate including a heat source in an ultrasonic probe.
  • an object of the present invention is to effectively cool the electronic circuit and the transducer array in the laminate.
  • the ultrasonic probe disclosed in the present application includes a probe head provided with a laminate including a heat source, a probe connector, and a probe cable provided between the probe head and the probe connector, the probe head
  • the refrigerant circulation system is provided from the head to the probe connector, the refrigerant circulation system includes a heat exchanger for heat absorption provided in the probe head, and the heat exchanger for heat absorption is opposed to the rear surface of the laminate.
  • a heat exchanger main body having a heat absorption surface as a front surface receiving heat from the rear surface of the laminate and an internal space through which the refrigerant flows, and the refrigerant is provided in the heat exchanger main body to the internal space And a refrigerant outlet for introducing the refrigerant, and a refrigerant outlet provided in the heat exchanger body for discharging the refrigerant from the internal space.
  • An ultrasonic probe includes a probe head provided with a laminate including a heat source, a probe connector, and a probe cable provided between the probe head and the probe connector. .
  • a refrigerant circulation system is formed from the probe head to the probe connector.
  • the refrigerant circulation system includes an endothermic heat exchanger provided in the probe head.
  • the heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger body, a refrigerant inlet, and a refrigerant outlet.
  • the heat exchanger body has a heat absorbing surface as a front surface facing the rear surface of the stack and receiving heat from the rear surface of the stack, and an internal space through which the refrigerant flows.
  • the refrigerant inlet is provided in the heat exchanger body and is for introducing the refrigerant into the internal space.
  • the refrigerant outlet is provided in the heat exchanger main body, and is for discharging the refrigerant from the internal space.
  • the heat absorbing surface of the heat exchanger faces the rear surface of the stack, the heat generated in the stack is transmitted from the rear surface to the heat absorbing surface, and the heat is further transferred to the refrigerant in the heat exchanger It is transmitted. This effectively cools the stack.
  • the heat absorption surface of the heat exchanger is bonded directly to the rear surface of the laminate or indirectly through a heat conducting member.
  • the probe head has a first axis as a central axis, a second axis orthogonal to the first axis, and a third axis orthogonal to the first axis and the second axis
  • the heat absorbing surface is a second It is a plane that extends in the direction of the axis and in the direction of the third axis. That is, the rear surface of the laminate is a flat surface, to which the heat absorption surface, which is also a flat surface, faces.
  • the heat exchanger body has a flat form. According to this configuration, it becomes easy to further stack the heat exchanger on the stacked body.
  • the refrigerant inlet and the medium outlet are provided on the rear face of the heat exchanger body. According to this configuration, the work of connecting the pipes to the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet is facilitated.
  • the heat exchanger body has a longitudinal direction parallel to the direction of the second axis and a short direction parallel to the direction of the third axis, and the refrigerant outlet is biased to one side in the longitudinal direction
  • the refrigerant inlet is provided at a position offset to the other side in the longitudinal direction.
  • the laminate includes a two-dimensional transducer array, and when performing continuous wave Doppler mode, a transmission aperture is formed on one side in the longitudinal direction and received on the other side in the longitudinal direction in the two-dimensional transducer array. An opening is formed. According to this configuration, the cooler refrigerant before the heat exchange can be supplied to the portion where the temperature rise is likely to occur.
  • the internal space is between the first refrigerant chamber in communication with the internal flow passage of the refrigerant inlet, the second refrigerant chamber in communication with the internal flow passage of the refrigerant outlet, and the first refrigerant chamber and the second refrigerant chamber.
  • a flow path array comprising a plurality of flow paths provided in According to this configuration, the heat exchange efficiency can be enhanced by increasing the area in which the refrigerant contacts the heat exchanger body in the internal space.
  • the heat exchanger has a surface having at least an insulating property. This configuration can enhance the safety.
  • the laminate includes a plurality of vibration elements, and includes a vibration element array as a heat source, and one or more semiconductor integrated circuits, and an electronic circuit as a heat source.
  • the back surface of the laminate is the back surface of the electronic circuit, and the heat absorbing surface is bonded to the back surface of the electronic circuit.
  • the heat generated in the electronic circuit is directly transmitted to the heat absorption surface joined to the back surface thereof, so that the temperature rise of the electronic circuit is suppressed.
  • the heat generated by the transducer array is also transmitted to the heat absorption surface, and the temperature rise of the transducer array is also suppressed.
  • the temperature rise of the transmitting and receiving wavefronts brought into contact with the living body is effectively suppressed, so that the safety can be enhanced or the ultrasonic power does not have to be reduced for thermal reasons.
  • a ground signal line is connected to the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger has a ground terminal to which a ground signal line is connected. According to this configuration, the refrigerant can be discharged. Moreover, it can prevent that the heat exchanger for heat absorption becomes a noise source in the vicinity of an electronic circuit.
  • the probe head has a case, the case having an intermediate portion and a tip portion that is more enlarged than the intermediate portion, and the heat exchanger body is provided with the laminate in the tip portion. According to this configuration, the heat exchanger can be disposed in the case of the probe head while securing the ease of holding the probe head.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the embodiment.
  • the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus is a medical apparatus that transmits and receives ultrasonic waves to and from a subject, and forms an ultrasonic image based on a reception signal obtained thereby.
  • the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus has an apparatus main body 10 and an ultrasonic probe (hereinafter simply referred to as "probe") 12.
  • the probe 12 is detachably connected to the apparatus body 10.
  • a plurality of probes including the probe 12 may be simultaneously connected to the device body 10. When a plurality of probes are simultaneously connected to the device body 10, only a specific user-selected or automatically selected probe among them operates.
  • the probe 12 includes a probe head (hereinafter simply referred to as “head”) 14, a probe connector (hereinafter simply referred to as “connector”) 16, and a probe cable (hereinafter simply referred to as “cable”) 18.
  • a cooling system 66 is constructed from the head 14 to the connector 16.
  • the cooling system 66 is a refrigerant circulation system. This will be described in detail later.
  • the head 14 is held by the user of the examiner.
  • the transmission / reception wavefront of the head 14 abuts on the living body surface 28, and ultrasonic waves are transmitted / received in this state.
  • the head 14 has a case 20 as a housing, and a laminate 22 as a kind of assembly is provided inside.
  • the laminate 22 is composed of a plurality of layers stacked from the non-living body side to the living body side, as described in detail later.
  • the plurality of layers include a vibration element array (vibration layer) 24 as a first heat source, and an electronic circuit (IC layer) 26 as a second heat source. Of the two heat sources, the latter electronic circuit 26 generates considerable heat during its transmission and reception operations.
  • a cooling jacket 34 as a heat absorption heat exchanger is provided in the case 20.
  • the cooling jacket 34 is an element that constitutes the cooling system 66, in particular a heat sink. A refrigerant flows through the internal space of the cooling jacket 34.
  • the vibrating element array 24 is composed of hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands or more of vibrating elements arranged in a two-dimensional manner.
  • An ultrasonic beam 30 is formed by the vibrating element array 24.
  • a two dimensional scan of the ultrasound beam 30 forms a three dimensional data capture area 32.
  • a plurality of transmission signals are supplied to a plurality of transducer elements constituting the transmission aperture, whereby a transmission beam is formed.
  • a reflected wave from the inside of the living body is received by the plurality of transducer elements constituting the reception aperture, whereby a plurality of reception signals are generated.
  • beam data is generated based on the plurality of received signals.
  • an electronic sector scanning method As the electronic scanning method, an electronic sector scanning method, an electronic linear scanning method, and the like are known.
  • a transducer element array consisting of a plurality of one-dimensionally arrayed transducer elements may be provided.
  • the probe 12 is a body surface abutted probe, but the cooling system 66 may be incorporated into other types of probes, for example into a coelomic probe.
  • the cooling jacket 34 is further stacked on the stacked body 22. Specifically, the cooling jacket 34 is adhesively fixed to the laminate 22 while the front surface (heat absorbing surface) of the cooling jacket is joined to the back surface of the laminate 22.
  • the laminate 22 and the cooling jacket 34 constitute an extended laminate.
  • the expansion laminate is disposed in the tip portion (hypertrophy portion) of the head 14. Note that some parts (ports) of the cooling jacket 34 that project from the back surface of the jacket body may be disposed in the tip portion or may be disposed in an intermediate portion connected to the tip portion.
  • the head 14 will be described in more detail later with reference to FIGS.
  • the connector 16 is detachably connected to the device body 10.
  • the connector 16 has an outer case 36 functioning as a shield case and a housing, and an inner case 38 functioning as a shield case and a partition.
  • a space between the outer case 36 and the inner case 38 is a machine room 40, and an inner space of the inner case 38 is a substrate room 42.
  • a substrate row 44 is disposed in the substrate chamber 42.
  • the board row 44 is composed of a plurality of electronic circuit boards.
  • the plurality of electronic circuit boards include a plurality of electronic circuit boards for transmission / reception or IC control, an electronic circuit board for pump control, and the like.
  • a terminal group (not shown) is electrically connected to the board row 44.
  • the terminal group is electrically connected to the terminal group in the receptacle 47 provided in the device body 10.
  • a pump 50, a composite part 52 and the like are arranged.
  • the pump 50 and the composite part 52 are elements that constitute the cooling system 66, respectively.
  • the pump 50 generates a driving force for circulating the refrigerant.
  • a three-phase diaphragm pump which is a kind of multi-phase diaphragm pump is used.
  • periodic pressure fluctuation (pulsation) on the output side can be suppressed.
  • Such pulsation gives unpleasant vibration to the hand holding the head 14 or the subject to which the head 14 is abutted, or adversely affects the ultrasonic diagnosis.
  • a pulsation suppressing component such as a damper
  • a damper or the like may be provided for other reasons or to suppress pulsation more.
  • the composite part 52 comprises a tank 54 and a radiator 56.
  • the tank 54 and the radiator 56 are physically integrated. As a result, a reduction in the number of parts, a reduction in pipe connection points (joints), and an improvement in space utilization efficiency are realized.
  • the tank 54 is for storing the refrigerant for replenishment in preparation for the natural reduction of the refrigerant.
  • the tank 54 also has a function of trapping air bubbles in the refrigerant. There may be an air layer in the tank 54.
  • the radiator 56 functions as a heat radiation heat exchanger (second heat exchanger).
  • the tank 54 has a refrigerant inlet, to which a return tube 62 is connected.
  • the radiator 56 and the pump 50 are connected via a tube 58.
  • a feed tube 60 is connected to the pump 50.
  • the tubes 58, 60, 62 are also components of the cooling system 66, respectively.
  • the pump 50 is provided on the refrigerant feed side, ie, the positive pressure side, but the pump 50 may be provided on the refrigerant receiving side, ie, the negative pressure side.
  • the order of arrangement of the radiator 56 and the tank 54 may be reversed. In that case, the return tube 62 is connected to the radiator 56 and the tube 58 is connected to the tank 54.
  • the connector 16 is provided with an intake part and an exhaust part.
  • a filter 63 for intake is provided in the intake section.
  • a blower fan 68 for air cooling is also provided at the intake portion.
  • an exhaust filter 72 is provided at the exhaust portion.
  • the cable 18 has a signal line group 46, a feed tube 60 and a return tube 62.
  • the length of the cable 18 is, for example, in the range of 1 to 2 m.
  • the signal line group 46 electrically connects the substrate array 44 and the electronic circuit 26, and is constituted of, for example, one hundred and several dozen signal lines.
  • Each of the feed tube 60 and the return tube 62 functions as a pipe for transporting the medium, which is made of a flexible material.
  • tubes it is desirable to use tubes with high steam barrier property.
  • the material include FEP resin and PFA resin.
  • a multi-layered tube may be used.
  • the inner diameter of the tubes 60 and 62 is, for example, 2 mm or less. Each numerical value described in the specification of the present application is an example.
  • an easy-to-handle water-based refrigerant is used as the refrigerant.
  • a refrigerant is generated by adding an antifreeze liquid (eg, ethylene glycol) to purified water.
  • the freezing temperature of the refrigerant is ⁇ 10 ° C. or less, preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. or less.
  • an additive that exhibits the metal corrosion prevention action is added to the water-based refrigerant.
  • a fluorine-based refrigerant as the refrigerant. However, in view of material selectivity, cost, heat exchange, etc., it is desirable to use a water-based refrigerant.
  • the cooling system 66 is a refrigerant circulation system, which includes the cooling jacket 34, the tank 54, the radiator 56, the pump 50, the tubes 58, 60, 62 and the like.
  • the driving force of the pump 50 circulates the refrigerant between the cooling jacket 34 and the radiator 56.
  • Refrigerant having a relatively low temperature coming out of the outlet of the radiator 56 is fed to the cooling jacket 34 via the pump 50.
  • the heat from the electronic circuit 26 (and the vibrating element array 24) is transferred to the refrigerant to raise the temperature of the refrigerant.
  • a refrigerant having a relatively high temperature is fed from the cooling jacket 34 to the radiator 56 via the tank 54. In the radiator 56, the temperature of the refrigerant is lowered.
  • an air cooling system for cooling the radiator 56 is provided.
  • the air cooling system is constituted by an intake part, an air passage and an exhaust part.
  • the air cooling system includes a blower fan 68, a duct member described later, and the like.
  • the board row 44 includes an electronic circuit board (control board) that functions as a local controller.
  • a drive signal is supplied to the pump 50 from the control substrate. Further, a drive signal is supplied to the blower fan 68 from the control board.
  • a plurality of joints (joints) and a water absorbing member are provided in the connector 16, they are not shown in FIG.
  • the apparatus main body 10 is a cart-type main frame having a plurality of casters.
  • the device body 10 may be configured as a portable device.
  • a display 84 and an operation panel 90, which will be described later, are connected to the apparatus body 10.
  • the transmission circuit 74 is a transmission main beamformer, and outputs a plurality of transmission signals subjected to delay processing to the electronic circuit 26 in the head 14.
  • a transmission main beam former may be provided in the electronic circuit 26.
  • the electronic circuit 26 has a channel reduction function, and specifically, functions as a transmission sub-beamformer and a reception sub-beamformer.
  • the receiving circuit 76 in the apparatus body 10 functions as a main beam former for reception, that is, performs phase addition (delay addition) of a plurality of received signals from the electronic circuit 26, thereby generating beam data.
  • the receiving circuit 76 has a plurality of A / D converters that convert a plurality of analog reception signals into a plurality of digital reception signals.
  • the three-dimensional echo data acquisition area 32 corresponds to a plurality of beam scanning planes. Each beam scanning plane corresponds to a plurality of beam data. Each beam data is composed of a plurality of echo data arranged in the depth direction.
  • the beam data processing circuit 78 includes a detection circuit, a logarithmic conversion circuit, a correlation circuit, and the like, and performs predetermined processing on each input beam data.
  • Each processed beam data is sent to the image forming circuit 80.
  • the image forming circuit 80 has a coordinate conversion function, an interpolation processing function, and the like, and forms a two-dimensional ultrasound image or a three-dimensional ultrasound image based on a plurality of input beam data.
  • the two-dimensional ultrasound image is, for example, a tomographic image
  • the three-dimensional ultrasound image is, for example, a volume rendering image in which a tissue is three-dimensionally represented.
  • As an ultrasound image a blood flow image, an elasticity image, and other images may be formed.
  • the display 84 displays an ultrasound image.
  • the display 84 functions as a display means, and is constituted by a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic electro-luminescence display, or the like.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • OLED organic electro-luminescence display
  • information representing the operating status of the cooling system 66 may be displayed.
  • the display 84 displays a message for recommending maintenance of the cooling system 66 (particularly, the pump 50).
  • the control unit 86 functions as a main controller or control means.
  • the control unit 86 controls each element (internal element) in the apparatus body 10, and also controls the operation of an element (external element) such as the electronic circuit 26, the pump 50, and the like.
  • the controller 86 includes a CPU and an operation program.
  • the control unit 86 may be configured by a plurality of processors.
  • the control unit 86 has a function of controlling the cooling system, and the function is shown as a cooling control unit 88 in FIG.
  • An operation panel 90 is connected to the control unit 86.
  • the operation panel 90 is an input device operated by the user, and has a trackball, a switch, a keyboard, and the like. When a plurality of probes are connected to the apparatus main body, the use target probe is selected through the operation panel 90. In addition, the operation panel 90 can accept the user's freeze operation and freeze release operation.
  • the cooling system 66 since the cooling system 66 is incorporated in the ultrasonic probe 12, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the temperature rise in the head 14. Depending on the cooling conditions, it is possible to maintain the temperature of the electronic circuit 26 at about room temperature. As a result, the safety can be further enhanced, and it is possible to effectively prevent the problems (transmission power limitation, forced stop of transmission, etc.) caused by the temperature rise of the transmission / reception wavefront.
  • FIG. 2 (2-2) Probe Head Having a Cooling Jacket
  • a head 14 is shown.
  • the central axis of the head 14 is defined as a first axis
  • second and third axes orthogonal to the first axis and orthogonal to each other are defined.
  • the z direction shown is a direction parallel to the first axis
  • the x direction is a direction parallel to the second axis
  • the y direction is a direction parallel to the third axis.
  • the x direction is the longitudinal direction
  • the y direction is the lateral direction.
  • the head 14 has a hollow case 20 elongated in the z-direction.
  • the case 20 is configured of a cap 100 and a case body 102.
  • the laminate is disposed in the tip portion of the head 14, and the front surface (surface on the living body side, heat absorbing surface) of the cooling jacket 34 is directly joined to the rear surface (surface on the non-living body side) of the laminate. It is done.
  • the cooling jacket 34 is an endothermic heat exchanger as described above.
  • a refrigerant inlet (inlet port) 104 and a refrigerant outlet (outlet port) 106 protruding in the z-direction are provided on the rear surface of the cooling jacket 34, and a ground terminal 108 is further provided therebetween.
  • a feed tube 60 is connected to the refrigerant inlet 104, and a return tube 62 is connected to the refrigerant outlet 106.
  • the cooling jacket 34 is made of a heat conductive metal such as copper or aluminum in the illustrated example.
  • An insulating surface layer is formed to cover the entire cooling jacket 34. This enhances safety. Also, the adhesion is enhanced. Examples of treatments for forming the surface layer include plating treatment, alumite treatment, and blacking processing. According to the blackening treatment, the insulation and adhesion can be improved and the emissivity can be increased.
  • a ground signal line 109 is connected to the ground terminal 108. This prevents the cooling jacket 34 from becoming a noise source and adversely affecting the electronic circuit. In addition, it is possible to discharge the refrigerant.
  • the ground terminal 108 may be used as a positioning reference when assembling the head.
  • Two flexible circuit boards are drawn out to the non-living body side from a relay board mounted with an electronic circuit (in FIG. 2, only one flexible circuit board 110 is shown by a two-dot chain line). Specifically, the two flexible circuit boards are drawn to the non-living body side so as to wrap around the outside of the cooling jacket 34.
  • a plurality of signal lines are connected to two flexible circuit boards.
  • a connector is used for the connection.
  • two temperature sensors are provided on the relay substrate. In temperature management described later, two temperatures detected by two temperature sensors or their average value are referred to.
  • FIG. 3 shows the xz cross section of the head.
  • the head is roughly divided into a leading end portion 112, an intermediate portion 114, and a trailing end portion 116.
  • the tip portion 112 is enlarged in the x and y directions more than the neck portion of the middle portion 114. That is, the tip portion 112 is an enlarged portion.
  • the laminate 22 is disposed therein, and a jacket main body which is a main part of the cooling jacket 34 is disposed.
  • the tip portion of the head is shown as an enlarged sectional view.
  • the laminate 22 is constituted by a plurality of layers stacked in the z direction.
  • the negative direction side in the z direction is the living body side, and the positive direction side is the non-living body side.
  • the plurality of layers constituting the laminate 22 include the vibration element array 24 as a vibration layer.
  • the vibrating element array 24 is composed of a large number of vibrating elements arranged in the x direction and the y direction.
  • Each vibrating element is made of, for example, a piezoelectric material.
  • the vibration layer may be configured by a CMUT (Capacitive Micro-machined Ultrasound Transducer).
  • a first matching layer 126 and a second matching layer 128 are provided on the living body side of the vibrating element array 24.
  • the first matching layer 126 is composed of a plurality of matching elements aligned in the x and y directions.
  • the second matching layer 128 is also composed of a plurality of matching elements aligned in the x and y directions.
  • the second matching layer 128 may be configured as a continuous layer.
  • a protective layer 130 is provided on the living body side of the second matching layer 128.
  • the protective layer 130 may be an acoustic lens.
  • the front surface of the protective layer 130 is a transmission / reception wave surface.
  • the transmission / reception wavefront may be a curved surface.
  • the non-living body side of the vibrating element array 24 is provided with a hard backing layer 120 that functions as a reflective layer or a resonance layer, and the non-living body side is a backing layer 122 that attenuates or absorbs ultrasonic waves emitted backward. Is provided.
  • the backing layer 122 has a certain thickness to sufficiently attenuate ultrasonic waves.
  • a lead array is embedded in the backing layer 122.
  • the lead array is composed of a plurality of leads (signal lines) arranged in the same array as the transducer array.
  • a relay substrate 124 is provided on the non-living body side of the backing layer 122. It is a multilayer substrate. The relay substrate 124 and the vibrating element array 24 are electrically connected by the lead array.
  • An electronic circuit 26 is provided on the non-living body side of the relay substrate, that is, on the rear surface thereof.
  • the electronic circuit 26 is configured of, for example, a plurality of ICs (for example, eight ICs) arranged in a two-dimensional manner.
  • Each IC is an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
  • the electronic circuit 26 is electrically connected to the vibration element array by the relay substrate 124 and the lead array.
  • Each IC generates a plurality of transmit signals and processes a plurality of receive signals.
  • each IC functions as a transmit and receive sub-beamformer.
  • the implementation of the electronic circuit 26 realizes channel reduction in the head.
  • the individual ICs are bare semiconductor substrates not packaged.
  • a fine electronic circuit is formed on the front side of the semiconductor substrate.
  • a cooling jacket 34 is directly joined to the rear surface (surface on the non-living body side) of the laminate 22, that is, the rear surface 26 a of the electronic circuit 26.
  • the cooling jacket 34 has a flat jacket body 140.
  • the front surface 140F of the jacket body 140 is opposed to the rear surface 26a of the electronic circuit 26, and both are adhered.
  • an adhesive having good thermal conductivity and insulation is used.
  • the front surface 140F functions as a heat absorption surface.
  • a plate-shaped heat conduction member may be interposed between the rear surface 26 a of the electronic circuit 26 and the front surface 140 F of the jacket body 140. Even in that case, it is desirable to make the front surface 140 F face the rear surface 26 a in order to enhance the cooling efficiency and to make the cooling efficiency uniform. That is, it is desirable to make the two faces face each other while keeping the centers of the two in line.
  • the width in the z direction of the extended laminate can be reduced, and an electronic circuit with a large amount of heat generation can be obtained. It is possible to intensively cool locally.
  • the refrigerant inlet 104, the refrigerant outlet 106, and the ground terminal 108 are provided on the rear surface 140R of the jacket body 140.
  • a feed tube 60 is connected to the refrigerant inlet 104, and a return tube 62 is connected to the refrigerant outlet 106. Since the refrigerant inlet 104 and the refrigerant outlet 106 are provided on the rear surface 140R, the empty space in the head can be effectively used, and the workability is improved at the time of tube connection.
  • the refrigerant inlet 104 is provided at the center in the y direction and shifted to one side in the x direction, and the refrigerant outlet 106 is at the center in the y direction and the other in the x direction. It is provided at a position shifted to the side.
  • the refrigerant inlet 104 and the refrigerant outlet 106 are separated in the x direction. They may be arranged side by side diagonally in the rear surface 140R.
  • the jacket body 140 has a size equal to or larger than the electronic circuit 26 in the x and y directions. If the entire rear surface 26a of the electronic circuit 26 is covered with a heat absorbing surface, the electronic circuit 26 can be totally cooled, that is, the occurrence of a high temperature portion in a part thereof can be prevented. When the heat generated by the electronic circuit 26 is transferred to the cooling jacket, the heat raises the temperature of the refrigerant. As a result, the heat generated by the electronic circuit 26 is less likely to be transmitted to the living body, or may not be transmitted.
  • the heat generated by the vibrating element array 24 is also transmitted to the cooling jacket 34 through the lead array, the relay substrate, the electronic circuit, and the like. Thereby, the transducer array 24 is also cooled. In order to enhance the cooling efficiency, a member for thermally connecting the vibrating element array 24 and the cooling jacket 34 may be provided.
  • the cooling jacket 34 allows the temperature of the electronic circuit 26 and the vibrating element array 24 to approach or be maintained at room temperature.
  • the whole of the electronic circuit 26 having a flat plate shape spread in the x direction and the y direction is covered by the jacket main body 140 having a flat shape spread in the x direction and the y direction, Since both are directly joined, the electronic circuit 26 is preferentially directly cooled directly. That is, the heat conduction from the electronic circuit 26 to the transmission / reception wavefront is effectively suppressed, and the heat conduction can be made substantially zero. Since the jacket main body is accommodated at the tip portion of the head and there is no need to make the constriction part thick, the holding property or the operability does not decrease.
  • the refrigerant inlet 104 and the refrigerant outlet 106 are provided on the rear surface 104R of the jacket body 140 at positions inward from both end edges in the x direction, and therefore, for housing the refrigerant inlet 104 and the refrigerant outlet 106, There is no chance for the neck to become thick.
  • the jacket body 140 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, the refrigerant inlet, the refrigerant outlet, etc. which protrude from the rear surface of the jacket main body 140 are not shown.
  • the inner space of the jacket body 140 is constituted by the first refrigerant chamber 142, the second refrigerant chamber 144, and the fine flow channel array 146 provided therebetween.
  • the first refrigerant chamber 142 is a flat space, and the refrigerant flows into the space through the opening 147a.
  • the second refrigerant chamber 144 is also a flat space, from which the medium flows out through the opening 147b.
  • the micro channel array 146 is composed of a plurality of micro channels arranged in the y direction, and each micro channel extends in the x direction.
  • the plurality of microchannels 146a are defined by the plurality of internal fins. According to the micro flow channel array 146, the area touched by the medium can be increased, and the heat exchange efficiency can be enhanced.
  • the opening 148 is for attaching a ground terminal.
  • the jacket body 140 has, for example, a size in the range of 60 to 70 mm in the x direction, and a size in the range of 25 to 35 mm in the y direction. As illustrated, the x direction is the longitudinal direction and the y direction is the lateral direction. The size and form are determined according to the size and form of the electronic circuit.
  • the xz cross section of the jacket body 140 is shown in FIG.
  • the jacket body 140 is composed of a base 150 and a cover 151. The gap between them defines the interior space.
  • the refrigerant inlet 104, the refrigerant outlet 106 and the ground terminal 108 are attached to the cover 151.
  • the cooling jacket as a whole is made of a metal having good thermal conductivity, such as copper, and the coolant jacket is manufactured by brazing or the like of a plurality of copper parts. Although those copper parts may be adhered by an adhesive, it is desirable to select brazing from the viewpoint of aging, leakage and water vapor permeability.
  • One microchannel 146a is shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 shows the yz cross section of the jacket body 140, in particular, the yz cross section of the microchannel row 146.
  • the cross section of each of the microchannels 146a has a rectangular shape extending in the z direction.
  • the bottom surface 153 is a plane parallel to the x direction and the y direction, but it may be a slope, a curved surface or the like.
  • Reference numeral 152 denotes the bottom of the second refrigerant chamber.
  • z1 is in the range of 1.5 to 2.0 mm
  • two halves of z1 are z2 and z3.
  • z4 is in the range of 2.0 to 5.0 mm.
  • a surface layer having an insulating property is formed over the entire outer surface of the refrigerant jacket. This can enhance safety. Adhesion is also improved by forming the surface layer.
  • the surface layer is formed by plating, alumite treatment, blackening treatment and the like. The blackening process can increase the emissivity.
  • FIG. 8 shows the temperature distribution in the continuous wave Doppler mode.
  • the transmission aperture and the reception aperture are fixedly set in the transducer element array.
  • the transmission aperture is set on one side in the x direction (right side in FIG. 8)
  • the reception aperture is set on the other side in the x direction (left side in FIG. 8).
  • the reference numeral 132A indicates a portion corresponding to the transmission aperture in the electronic circuit 26
  • the reference numeral 134A indicates a portion corresponding to the reception aperture in the electronic circuit 26.
  • a two-dimensional temperature distribution 230 occurs in the electronic circuit 26. That is, heat generation is uneven in the x direction.
  • the temperature distribution 232 shown in the lower part of FIG. 8 occurs at the position of y1.
  • an opening 147a for containing the refrigerant (cold refrigerant) before heat exchange is provided, and on the side where the reception opening is formed, An opening 147b is provided for discharging the refrigerant after the heat exchange (warmed refrigerant).
  • a flat temperature distribution 234 can be generated at the position of y1.
  • FIG. A laminate 22A is disposed therein, and the laminate 22A includes a vibration element array 24A, a backing 122A, a relay substrate 124A, and an electronic circuit 26A.
  • the front surface of the cooling jacket 34A is joined to the rear surface of the laminate 22A.
  • a pair of heat conduction members 236 and 238 are provided to cover the two side surfaces of the laminate 22A.
  • Each heat conducting member 236, 238 extends from the vicinity of the vibrating element array 24A to the rear surface of the jacket body 140A.
  • Each heat conduction member 236, 238 is constituted, for example, by a heat pipe or by a graphite sheet.
  • Such heat conducting members 236 and 238 make it possible to more efficiently guide the heat generated by the vibrating element array 24A to the cooling jacket 34A. That is, the cooling efficiency of the transducer array 24A can be enhanced.
  • One heat conducting member may be provided, or three or more heat conducting members may be provided.
  • FIG. 1 A first variant of the cooling jacket is shown in FIG.
  • the first refrigerant chamber 142A and the second refrigerant chamber 144A are formed in a relatively narrow range, and the fine flow channel array 146A is formed between them in a relatively wide range.
  • the refrigerant entering from the opening 147a enters the first refrigerant chamber 142A located outside the opening 147a, and from there flows into the second refrigerant chamber 144A through the fine flow path array 146A. Thereafter, the refrigerant flows from the second refrigerant chamber 144A to the outside through the opening 147b.
  • FIG. 11 shows a second modification of the cooling jacket.
  • One bent channel 242 is formed from the opening 147 a to the opening 147 b.
  • the form may be a zigzag form. It is desirable to shape the internal space so that the area in contact with the refrigerant can be increased to increase the heat exchange efficiency and the load from the pump is not too high.
  • FIG. 12 shows the appearance of the connector 16.
  • the connector 16 is connected to the apparatus body in the attitude (first attitude) shown in FIG.
  • the X direction and the Y direction are horizontal directions
  • the Z direction is a vertical direction (direction perpendicular to the floor surface).
  • the direction of approach to the device body is the negative direction in the Y direction.
  • two surfaces orthogonal to the Z direction in the connector box 160 constitute upper and lower surfaces, and a surface orthogonal to the Y direction (surface opposite to the connector portion 162) is the front surface.
  • the two planes orthogonal to the X direction constitute the right side surface and the left side surface (the right side surface appears in FIG. 12).
  • the connector 16 is configured of a connector box 160 and a connector portion 162.
  • the connector portion 162 is attached to the recess in the device body.
  • a terminal group is provided in the connector portion 162.
  • the lower and left sides of the connector 16 are shown in FIG.
  • An intake section 164 is provided on the lower surface.
  • An exhaust part 166 is provided on the left side.
  • the connector 16 may be connected to the apparatus main body in a posture (second posture) in which the exhaust unit is on the lower side. Other attitudes may be employed.
  • an inner case 38 is provided in the outer case 36. They are made of metal, for example.
  • the inside of the inner case 38 is a substrate chamber 42.
  • a space between the outer case 36 and the inner case 38 is a machine room 40. In the machine room 40, a pump 50, a composite part 52 and the like are arranged.
  • a three-phase diaphragm pump is used as the pump 50.
  • the three-phase diaphragm pump has three diaphragms provided at angular intervals of 120 degrees and operated in rotation. According to the three-phase diaphragm pump, it is possible to suppress the periodic fluctuation (pulsation) of pressure generated on the pump output side without using a damper or the like.
  • the pump 50 has a motor and an encoder (rotation detector).
  • the composite part 52 is composed of a tank 54 and a radiator 56.
  • the tank 54 and the radiator 56 are physically integrated. That is, no pipe is provided between the tank 54 and the radiator 56.
  • a return tube 170 Connected to the tank 54 is a return tube 170 (return tube 62 in FIG. 1).
  • tubes 172 and 174 are provided between the radiator 56 and the refrigerant inlet of the pump 50.
  • a feed tube 178 (a feed tube 60 in FIG. 1) is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the pump 50.
  • a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant may be provided in the connector box. In that case, the temperature of the refrigerant on the sending side and the temperature of the refrigerant on the return side may be monitored separately. Furthermore, a temperature sensor may be provided to detect the environmental temperature. The temperature detected by those temperature sensors may be referred to in the temperature control described later.
  • FIG. 15 shows the inside of the connector box after the inner case has been removed.
  • a radiator 56 is disposed on the back side of the pump 50.
  • a tank 54 is disposed adjacent to the pump 50 so as not to interfere with it.
  • a water absorbing pad 180 as a liquid absorbing member is provided between the pump 50 and the radiator 56.
  • the water absorption pad 180 is flat and is made of a sponge member. If the refrigerant leaks at any of the joints (tube connection points), the refrigerant is absorbed by the water absorption pad 180.
  • the plurality of joints are concentrated at one end in the X direction (end in the negative direction in the X direction) in the connector box. Since a plurality of locations where there is a possibility of refrigerant leakage are dense, even if refrigerant leakage occurs, the range of refrigerant leakage is limited.
  • FIG. 16 further shows the inside of the connector box after the pump and the water absorption pad have been removed.
  • the radiator 56 has a radiator main body, and a fin row 182 as an air cooling structure is formed on the top surface of the radiator main body.
  • the intake portion 164 includes a blower fan 68, and further includes an intake opening and an intake filter. An intake force is generated by the blower fan 68. One opening of the blower fan 68 faces the intake opening, and the other opening of the blower fan 68 is closed by the duct member 184.
  • An intake filter is provided between the blower fan 68 and the intake opening.
  • the intake filter is composed of a fine conductive filter.
  • the exhaust part 166 includes an exhaust opening and an exhaust filter.
  • the exhaust filter is also made of a conductive member.
  • the exhaust filter is composed of a coarser filter than the intake filter. Since each filter is composed of a conductive member, the electromagnetic shielding property is enhanced. Since the intake filter has fine eyes, the possibility of foreign matter such as dust entering the connector box is reduced. The coarseness of the exhaust filter makes it easy for foreign matter that has entered the connector box to come out.
  • a duct member 184 is provided from the intake portion 164 to the exhaust portion 166, and the duct member 184 defines an air passage 186.
  • the fin row 182 is provided inside the duct member 184.
  • the air taken in by the air intake portion 164 passes through the air passage 186 and is exhausted from the exhaust portion 166 to the outside. In the process, air is in contact with the outer surface of the fin row 182, at which time heat exchange takes place between the fin row 182 and the air. Thereby, heat is taken from the refrigerant flowing through the internal space of the radiator 56.
  • the thickness 68 of the blower fan is, for example, 15 mm or less.
  • blower fan 68 Although an axial fan may be used in place of the blower fan 68, it is desirable to use a blower fan 68 with high static pressure.
  • a component fixing member and a heat conducting member are provided as necessary, and a wind direction plate is provided as necessary.
  • a duct member 184 is shown in FIG.
  • the duct member 184 is composed of a cover 184A and a case 184B. In the embodiment, they are integrated, and the duct member 184 is a single member made of resin.
  • the cover 184A closes the pump side opening of the blower fan. If pump cooling is required, the cover 184A may be removed.
  • the case 184B is a frame that defines an air passage. The fan to be used may be selected according to the position of the intake and exhaust parts, and the form of the duct member 184 may be changed.
  • the composite part 52 comprises a tank 54 and a radiator 56.
  • the tank 54 and the radiator 56 are brazed, and they are physically integrated. They are made of a material having good thermal conductivity, for example, a metal such as copper or aluminum. In embodiments, they are comprised of copper.
  • the tank 54 stores refilling refrigerant in order to replenish the natural reduction of the refrigerant, and has an air trap function.
  • the tank 54 is a hollow box-like member formed upright from the upper surface (main surface) of the radiator main body 57. It has a rectangular shape. In the tank 54, the X direction is the longitudinal direction, the Y direction is the lateral direction, and the Z direction is the height direction.
  • the openings 192 and 194 formed in the tank 54 are used at the time of refrigerant injection. They are sealed by two screws after media injection.
  • the opening 190 is a refrigerant inlet, to which a return tube is connected.
  • the radiator 56 is a heat exchanger for radiating heat that cools the refrigerant, and is constituted by the radiator main body 57 and the fin row 182. They are physically integrated.
  • the radiator main body 57 has a flat plate shape that spreads in the X direction and the Y direction. Its interior is hollow.
  • a fin row 182 is erected on the top surface of the radiator main body 57.
  • the alignment direction is the Y direction. That is, the fin row 182 is constituted by a plurality of fins (outer fins) 182a aligned in the Y direction, and the individual fins 182a extend in the X direction.
  • symbol 186 has shown the ventilation path.
  • the spacing between adjacent fins may be, for example, 2 mm or less. The interval may be 1 mm or less.
  • Both the size in the X direction and the size in the Y direction of the radiator 56 are, for example, in the range of 50 to 80 mm.
  • the thickness of the radiator body in the Z direction is, for example, in the range of 20 to 50 mm.
  • FIG. 19 shows an opening 196 formed in the radiator main body 57. The opening constitutes a refrigerant outlet.
  • the YZ cross section of the composite part 52 is shown.
  • the composite part 52 is composed of the integrated tank 54 and the radiator 56.
  • the internal space of the tank 54 and the internal space of the radiator 56 are in communication, and no piping or joint is provided between them.
  • the radiator 56 is configured by the radiator body 57 and the fin row 182 integrated as described above.
  • the radiator main body 57 is composed of a flat base 250 and a cover 252 covering it, and they are integrated by brazing.
  • a first coolant chamber 258, a second coolant chamber 260 and a fine flow channel array 262 are formed between the base 250 and the cover 252.
  • Reference numeral 264 indicates the base of the fin row 182.
  • the refrigerant from the internal space 254 of the tank 54 enters the internal space of the radiator main body 57 through the opening 256 formed in the radiator main body 57.
  • the refrigerant flows from the first refrigerant chamber 258 through the fine flow channel array 262 to the second refrigerant chamber 260, and flows out of the second refrigerant chamber 260 through the refrigerant outlet.
  • the microchannel row 262 has a large number of internal fins, which define a plurality of microchannels. In the fine flow path array 262, the area in contact with the refrigerant is increased, thereby enhancing the heat exchange efficiency.
  • FIG. 21 shows an XZ cross section of the radiator.
  • symbol 268 has shown the ventilation path.
  • the radiator main body 57 is configured of the base 250 and the cover 252.
  • the fine flow channel array 262 in the radiator main body 57 is constituted by a plurality of fine flow channels 262 a aligned in the X direction.
  • the individual microchannels 262a are rectangular grooves or channels, and the bottom surfaces thereof are parallel to the X direction and the Y direction. However, the bottom surface may be an inclined surface, a curved surface or the like.
  • the internal space of the radiator body 57 has substantially the same structure as the internal space of the jacket body.
  • the size of each microchannel 262a is approximately equal to the size of each microchannel shown in FIG. However, the heat exchange structure in the cooling jacket and the heat exchange structure in the radiator may be different.
  • An insulating surface layer is formed over the entire outer surface of the composite part. This enhances safety.
  • the surface layer is formed by plating, alumite treatment, blackening treatment and the like. According to the blackening process, the emissivity can be increased. Also, even when the composite part can be seen from the outside, it becomes inconspicuous.
  • the tank and the radiator are integrated, and there is no need to connect them by piping, so the number of parts can be reduced, the possibility of refrigerant leakage can be reduced, and the compact arrangement Can be realized.
  • the tower-like tank is disposed at the corner in the connector box, so that the air passage is sufficiently secured, and the utilization efficiency of the internal space of the connector box is enhanced.
  • the tank is provided on the upstream side and the radiator is provided on the downstream side, but their arrangement may be reversed.
  • the pump is provided on the downstream side (the positive pressure side when viewed from the cooling jacket) of the composite part, but the pump may be provided on the upstream side (the negative pressure side when viewed from the cooling jacket) of the composite part .
  • FIGS. 22 and 23 The characteristics of the diaphragm pump will be described with reference to FIGS. 22 and 23.
  • the pressure waveform is schematically shown in exaggeration.
  • the pressure waveform 270 shown in FIG. 22 shows the periodic pressure fluctuation on the output side of the one-phase diaphragm pump.
  • large crest-like waveform portions 272 are generated intermittently and periodically. That is, a clear and large pulsation occurs. If such pulsations are transmitted to the examiner holding the head and the subject on which the head is abutted, they cause discomfort. In addition, since the head vibrates to transmit and receive ultrasonic waves, noise is likely to occur. In order to prevent such a problem, that is, to reduce pulsation, it is conceivable to dispose a pulsation suppression component such as a damper, but the number of part products increases accordingly.
  • a three-phase diaphragm pump is used.
  • the pressure waveform 274 shown in FIG. 23 shows the periodic pressure fluctuation on the output side of the three-phase diaphragm pump. Due to the mutual overlap of the periodically occurring waveform portions 276a, 276b, 276c, the pressure waveform 274 as a whole is substantially flattened. That is, it is possible to suppress the pulsation by the action of the pump itself. However, a damper or the like may be provided to further suppress pulsation or for other purposes.
  • Other multiphase diaphragm pumps such as two phase diaphragm pumps or four phase diaphragm pumps may be used.
  • FIG. 24 shows a first modified example of the radiator main body.
  • a fine flow channel array 280 is formed over the entire internal space of the radiator main body 57A.
  • Reference numeral 282 indicates a portion where a tank is provided, and reference numeral 284 indicates a portion where a fin row is provided.
  • FIG. 1 A second modification of the radiator body is shown in FIG.
  • a single flow passage having a zigzag shape is formed inside the radiator main body 57B.
  • Reference numeral 288 indicates a portion where a tank is provided, and reference numeral 290 indicates a portion where a fin row is provided. It is desirable to define the internal structure of the radiator body so that the contact area with the refrigerant can be increased and the load on the pump can be reduced.
  • the connector 16 has a board row 44.
  • the board row 44 includes a plurality of electronic circuit boards 300 and a control board 302 in the illustrated configuration example.
  • the plurality of electronic circuit boards 300 are for controlling transmission and reception of ultrasonic waves, or for controlling electronic circuits in the head.
  • the control board 302 functions as a local controller and controls the operation of the pump 50 and the blower fan 68.
  • a drive signal is supplied from the control substrate 302 to the pump, and a drive signal is supplied from the control substrate 302 to the blower fan 68.
  • a signal indicating the number of revolutions (number of revolutions per unit time, that is, the rotational speed) is output from the pump 50 to the control substrate 302.
  • Connected to the control board 302 is a memory 304 for managing the operating time of the pump 50 (in particular, the integrated operating time). It is possible to access the memory 304 from the device body 10 via the control board 302.
  • a signal wire bundle 306 including a drive signal line and a power supply line is provided between the control substrate 302 and the pump 50.
  • Signal wire bundle 306 is covered by a shield envelope. This prevents or reduces electromagnetic noise generated by the pump 50 from entering the substrate chamber via the signal wire bundle 306.
  • a shield envelope may be provided for the signal wire bundle provided between the control substrate 302 and the blower fan. Also, other measures against electromagnetic noise may be taken.
  • the device body 10 has a control unit 86 that functions as a control unit.
  • a control unit 86 that functions as a control unit.
  • the control unit 86 includes a transmission / reception control unit 308, a temperature management unit 310, a cooling control unit 88, and the like.
  • the cooling control unit 88 is a cooling control unit, and in the embodiment, includes an operation management unit 314 as an operation management unit, an abnormality determination unit 316 as an abnormality determination unit, and a log management unit 318 as a log management unit.
  • a storage unit 312 and a communication unit 311 are connected to the control unit 86.
  • the storage unit 312 is configured by a memory or the like, and log information is stored therein.
  • the communication unit 311 is a module for performing wired communication or wireless communication with an external device (management center).
  • the transmission / reception module 320 is configured of a transmission circuit 74 and a reception circuit 76.
  • the transmission / reception module 320 is connected to the electronic circuit in the head via the plurality of electronic circuit boards 300.
  • the control unit 86 is configured of a CPU and an operation program.
  • the control unit 86 may be configured by a plurality of processors. A part or all of the control unit 86 may be configured by a special purpose processor.
  • the control unit 86 and the control board 302 are connected to each other via a signal line.
  • the control board 302 has a rotational speed calculator 322, a determiner 323, a drive signal generation circuit 324, and an operating time calculator 326 in the illustrated configuration example.
  • Data indicating the operating time calculated by the operating time calculator 326 is stored on the memory 304.
  • the operating time is the operating time of the pump 50, and specifically, the operating time of the pump per predetermined unit (for example, one ultrasonic examination) and the integrated operating time (total operating time) of the pump.
  • the integration operation time of the latter is calculated by integrating the operation time of the former.
  • the integrated operation time is one index indicating the degree of deterioration of the pump 50 after the start of use of the pump 50.
  • the pump 50 has a motor 334 and an encoder 336.
  • the motor 334 generates a driving force that cyclically drives the three diaphragms.
  • the encoder 336 outputs a pulse signal indicating the number of revolutions per unit time of the motor 334.
  • the rotation speed calculator 322, the determination unit 323, and the drive signal generation circuit 324 function as feedback control means, and perform feedback control so that the rotation speed (rotation speed) of the motor 334 becomes a set value.
  • a pulse width modulation (PWM) method is employed for feedback control. Three-phase pulse signals are supplied to the motor 334 as drive signals, and the power supplied to the motor 334 is varied by varying the pulse width, that is, the duty (coefficient) in each pulse signal, thereby rotating the motor 334. The number is controlled.
  • the rotation speed calculator 322 calculates the rotation speed based on the pulse signal from the encoder 336.
  • the determiner 323 determines the difference between the calculated number of rotations and the set value (the set number of rotations).
  • the drive signal generation circuit 324 executes PWM control based on the difference.
  • the start and stop of the operation of the pump 50 is controlled by the cooling control unit 88. That is, the cooling control unit 88 controls the operation of the feedback control unit.
  • the start and end of the operation of the pump may be autonomously determined on the probe side (specifically, on the control substrate 302).
  • a mode is also conceivable in which the cooling control unit 88 and the control substrate 302 cooperate to perform on / off control of the pump 50.
  • the cooling control unit 88 may control the start and end of the operation of the blower fan, or the probe side may autonomously control the start and the end of the operation. You may
  • the above feedback control maintains the rotational speed even if the load on the pump 50 fluctuates. Yes, that is, maintain the cooling capacity. This can increase the reliability of the operation of the refrigerant circulation system.
  • the duty (or pulse width) in the PWM control indicates the magnitude of the load of the pump 50.
  • the duty deviates from the normal range both when the load is excessive and when the load is too small. Based on this, as described later, it is possible to determine an abnormality in the cooling system (refrigerant circulation system). Of course, the abnormality of the cooling system may be determined based on other information.
  • the cooling control unit 88 in the control unit 86 has a function of controlling the operation of the pump 50 and the like, and also has an abnormality determination function. This is expressed as an abnormality determination unit 316 in FIG.
  • the abnormality determination unit 316 determines an abnormality when the load on the pump 50 is excessive or excessive, and their functions are shown as an overdetermination unit 330 and an underdetermination unit 332 in FIG. ing. The control of the pump and the like and the abnormality determination will be described in detail later.
  • the log management unit 318 is a module that creates a log table on the storage unit.
  • the log table 338 illustrated in FIG. 28 is composed of a plurality of records 339.
  • the records 339 form a recording unit, and for example, records 339 are generated for each ultrasound examination, for each probe selection, for each fixed time, or for each event occurrence.
  • Each record 339 is composed of date and time data, operating time data, duty data, pump rotational speed data, fan rotational speed data, abnormality code, transmission / reception condition data and the like.
  • the date and time data indicates, for example, an examination start date and an examination end date and time. It may indicate the event occurrence date and time.
  • the operating time data is data indicating the accumulated operating time up to that point. It may indicate the operation time in the inspection unit. Both accumulated operating time and unit operating time may be recorded. Data is managed so that the degree of pump deterioration can be determined based on the integrated operation time.
  • the pump rotational speed data indicates, for example, the maximum value and the minimum value of the pump rotational speed in the inspection unit.
  • the average value may be managed.
  • the fan rotational speed data indicates, for example, the maximum value and the minimum value of the rotational speed of the blower fan in the inspection unit. The average value may be managed.
  • the temperature data is, for example, data indicating a temperature detected by a temperature sensor provided in the head (specifically, a temperature sensor provided on the relay substrate).
  • the maximum temperature in the inspection unit may be managed.
  • the minimum temperature or the average temperature may be managed.
  • the abnormality code is a code indicating the type when an abnormality is determined.
  • an abnormality in which the duty as a control coefficient is excessive and an abnormality in which the duty is excessive are identified.
  • an abnormality code is recorded in order to record the type of abnormality together with the fact.
  • Data indicating an abnormality occurrence date, an abnormal continuation time, and a recovery time may be recorded.
  • the transmission / reception condition data is data indicating transmission / reception conditions such as an operation mode (diagnosis mode) such as B mode, transmission power, transmission repetition cycle, and the like. If transmission / reception condition data and the like are recorded together with the abnormality code, it is possible to grasp under what circumstances the abnormality has occurred in dealing with the abnormality, so it becomes easy to cope with the abnormality. In particular, it is a valuable material in determining the need for pump degradation or replacement.
  • the log table is stored on the apparatus main body side, but the log table may be stored on the probe side.
  • the horizontal axis shown in the figure is a time axis.
  • the upper stage (A) shows the transmission and reception operation of ultrasonic waves.
  • the middle stage (B) shows the on / off operation of the blower fan.
  • the lower part (C) shows the on / off operation of the pump.
  • the illustrated control is executed by the operation management unit in the cooling control unit shown in FIG. Note that, in FIG. 29, some periods are drawn in an exaggerated manner in order to clearly express the anteroposterior relationship on the time axis.
  • a probe is selected.
  • a probe is manually selected by selecting a specific icon from among a plurality of icons indicating a connected probe on a probe select window on the screen.
  • a probe with a cooling system is selected. The probe may be selected automatically.
  • the memory in the connector is referred to in the operation management unit, and the integrated operation time of the pump is read.
  • the operation shown in FIG. 34 described later is executed based on the integrated operation time.
  • the supply of the drive signal to the blower fan is started in S12, and the operation thereof is started.
  • the operation of the blower fan is started before the start of the operation of the pump, and the refrigerant circulation is started after the air cooling environment is established.
  • the order of S11 and S12 may be reversed, or they may be simultaneous. In any event, prior to pump start-up, its life is checked and an air-cooled environment is established.
  • a user operation to start transmission and reception is performed.
  • the operation is an operation of selecting an operation mode or an operation of releasing a freeze.
  • a transmission / reception start command signal is generated.
  • the transmission / reception start command signal may be generated automatically.
  • delay data and the like are set in the beam former, other necessary preparations are performed, and the transmission / reception operation of ultrasonic waves starts in S18.
  • a drive signal is supplied to the pump, and the pump operation starts.
  • a period 400 exists between S16 and S18, that is, the period 400 is controlled so that the start of the pump operation is earlier than the start of the transmission / reception operation.
  • the period 400 is a fixed period or a variable period. If it is a variable period, the pump operation is controlled so that pump start up precedes even if it is the shortest. According to such control, since the heat generation in the electronic circuit and the heat generation in the vibration element array are always generated after the operation of the cooling system, an unexpected temperature rise occurs in the head. It can be avoided.
  • Reference numeral 402 denotes a transmission / reception period
  • reference numeral 404 denotes a blower fan operation period
  • reference numeral 406 denotes a pump operation period.
  • Period 406 covers the entire period 402, and period 404 covers the entire period 406.
  • a user operation to stop the transmission and reception operation is performed. For example, a freeze operation is performed.
  • a transmission / reception stop command signal is generated.
  • the transmission / reception stop command signal may be automatically generated.
  • the transmission / reception operation is stopped in S22.
  • control for stopping the pump operation is executed.
  • the timing of S24 may be determined with reference to the generation of the transmission / reception stop command signal, and as indicated by reference numeral 410, the generation of a signal indicating the actual transmission / reception operation stop is referred to as the reference.
  • the timing of S24 may be determined.
  • the starting point of the delay time 412 shown in the drawing is the generation timing of the transmission / reception stop command signal, as described above, another timing may be used as the starting point.
  • the delay time 412 By setting the delay time 412, it is possible to reliably manage the stop timing of the pump operation after the transmission / reception operation has actually stopped. Even after the transmission and reception operation is stopped, the temperature of the electronic circuit and the like may rise in some cases. In order to avoid an unexpected temperature rise, it is necessary to continue the refrigerant circulation for a fixed period after the transmission / reception operation is stopped, and such control is executed in the embodiment. This further enhances safety.
  • the delay time 412 may be set as a fixed value. It may be determined as a variable value. In the latter case, the delay time may be adaptively set in accordance with, for example, ultrasonic transmission / reception conditions, the state of the cooling system, and the like.
  • the ultrasound transmission and reception conditions are, for example, transmission power, transmission repetition cycle, operation mode, and the like.
  • the status of the cooling system is, for example, the temperature of the refrigerant, the number of rotations, the flow rate, and the like. Furthermore, the environmental temperature may be taken into consideration.
  • the pump operating time (unintegrated operating time) is added to the integrated operating time of the pump, and the new integrated operating time calculated thereby is stored on the memory.
  • the calculation is performed on the probe side, but the calculation may be performed on the device body side. Data indicating the accumulated operating time may be automatically transmitted to the device body.
  • the operation shown in FIG. 34 may be executed later based on the new accumulated operating time.
  • the pump operation can be interlocked with the transmission / reception operation. That is, it is possible to operate the pump in a period in which refrigerant circulation is required and to stop the operation of the pump in a period in which the refrigerant is not necessary. This can eliminate unnecessary operation of the pump and extend the life of the pump. Moreover, since the circulation of the refrigerant can be reliably started before the start of the transmission / reception operation, and the circulation of the refrigerant can be stopped after a predetermined time after the transmission / reception operation, an unexpected temperature rise occurs in the head. This can be reliably prevented.
  • the on / off operation of the pump is linked to the transmission / reception operation, but the pump operation condition may be linked to the transmission / reception operation.
  • the number of rotations of the pump may be controlled according to the transmission power, the transmission repetition cycle, the operation mode, and the like.
  • the pump operating condition may be changed according to the environmental temperature.
  • FIG. 30 shows a modification of control by the local controller.
  • the transmission / reception control signal 352 generated by the transmission / reception control unit 308 is sent to the electronic circuit in the head via the transmission / reception module 320 and the plurality of electronic circuit boards 300.
  • the transmission / reception control signal includes, for example, a transmission synchronization signal and a transmission / reception condition designation signal.
  • the transmission and reception control signal it is possible to identify in advance the start and stop of the transmission and reception operation. Also, the selection and release of the probe can be specified by reference to the transmission / reception control signal or other signals.
  • the transmission / reception control signal 352 is referred to in the local controller 302A.
  • the control shown in FIG. 29 is executed in the local controller 302A.
  • the pump operation may be autonomously controlled on the probe side.
  • the local controller 302A may function as an operation management unit.
  • the control unit 86 of the apparatus main body 10 and the local controller 302A may cooperate with each other to function as an operation management unit.
  • the local controller 302A may function as an abnormality determination unit.
  • the delay time setting function of the cooling control unit 88 is shown as the delay time setting unit 354.
  • a signal indicating the set delay time may be sent from the cooling control unit 88 to the local controller 302A, and the local controller 302A may control the stop of the pump operation based on the delay time.
  • FIG. 31 Next, feedback control and abnormality determination will be described based on FIGS. 31 to 33.
  • FIG. 1 A specific example of feedback control is shown as a flowchart in FIG. The operation shown there is executed in the control board (local controller) shown in FIGS.
  • the initial value X of the duty D is set.
  • supply of a drive signal to the pump is started.
  • the pulse width is determined in accordance with the initial value X.
  • the number of revolutions n per unit time is calculated based on the signal output from the pump.
  • the calculated rotational speed n is compared with the target rotational speed N. For example, if n> N, a process of decreasing the duty D by Y (%) is performed in S38.
  • a process of increasing the duty D by Y (%) is performed in S42.
  • a process of decreasing the duty by Y (%) is performed in S38.
  • feedback control is performed to adaptively change the driving force of the pump and maintain the rotational speed at a predetermined value.
  • a pulse train 340 as a pump drive signal is illustrated.
  • the pulse train 340 comprises a plurality of positive pulses 342.
  • the abnormality determination method is shown as a flowchart in FIG. This abnormality determination method is executed by the abnormality determination unit shown in FIGS. 26 and 27.
  • the pump in S50, it is determined whether or not the pump is in rated operation. For example, the processes after S52 are performed in the normal period excluding the pump start-up period and the pump stop period.
  • the current duty D is referred to.
  • a signal indicating duty D may be periodically sent from the local controller to the abnormality determination unit in the apparatus main body, or the abnormality determination unit may periodically refer to a signal indicating the duty D in the local controller. It is also good.
  • the duty D is determined to compensate for the load on the pump, and is a factor that indicates the load on the pump. According to feedback control, even if the load is large or small, a constant flow rate is maintained, so that it is difficult to determine an abnormality based on the flow rate or the like.
  • the feedback control value is referred to as described above.
  • a similar pulse width or the like may be referred to.
  • the duty D is compared with the first threshold Dmax. If D> Dmax, an abnormality is determined, and the process shown in S58 is performed.
  • the duty D is compared with the second threshold Dmin. If D ⁇ Dmin, an abnormality is determined, and the process shown in S58 is performed.
  • a predetermined process is performed to cope with the abnormality.
  • the predetermined process for example, a forced stop of transmission / reception operation, a forced stop of pump operation, display of a message notifying an abnormality, data transmission to a control center, and the like can be mentioned.
  • the contents of the log table may be transmitted.
  • the plurality of processes described above may be applied stepwise. For example, when an abnormality is determined, transmission and reception may be stopped and a message may be displayed at the same time. Thereafter, the operation of the pump may be stopped after a predetermined time has elapsed. Further, depending on the degree of abnormality, a process to be actually executed may be selected from a plurality of processes.
  • the above-mentioned abnormality determination it is possible to accurately determine both the abnormality in which the load is excessive and the abnormality in which the load is excessively small. For example, when the viscosity of the refrigerant is excessively increased due to the deterioration of the refrigerant, or when the pipe is twisted or bent, it is possible to determine the situation as abnormal. In addition, when a refrigerant leak occurs, it is possible to determine that situation as an abnormality. Since the fact that an abnormality has occurred is recorded as a log, failure diagnosis can be performed by referring to the log at the time of maintenance. It is also possible to predict in advance what may happen in the future. In particular, if the deteriorated pump is replaced at a timely timing, it is possible to prevent in advance the situation where the ultrasonic diagnosis can not be performed due to a sudden pump failure.
  • FIG. 34 shows a control that is executed at the time of probe selection as a flowchart. This control is executed by the operation management unit or the abnormality determination unit shown in FIG. The control shown in FIG. 34 may be executed at the time of probe selection cancellation or at another timing.
  • a probe is selected by the user.
  • the cumulative operating time Tpump is read from the memory in the connector.
  • a message is displayed to the user in S66. For example, a message prompting for maintenance is displayed. That is, in S66, maintenance information is provided to the user. An automatic notification may be sent to the management center as needed.
  • S68 it is determined whether or not the user has operated the confirmation button. If the user has operated the confirmation button, the start of the transmission and reception operation is permitted in S70.
  • FIG. 35 shows an example of temperature control.
  • a temperature sensor 356 for detecting the temperature of the electronic circuit is provided in the head 14.
  • a temperature sensor 356 is provided on a relay board on which a plurality of ICs are mounted.
  • a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant is provided in the connector 16.
  • a temperature sensor may be provided in the tank, or a temperature sensor may be provided on the output side of the radiator.
  • the temperature management unit 310 in the device body 10 performs temperature management based on the temperatures detected by the temperature sensors 356 and 358. For example, the temperature management unit 310 may estimate the transmission / reception wavefront temperature. In addition, the transmission / reception operation may be stopped when the transmission / reception wavefront temperature reaches the upper limit temperature. Further, an abnormality of the cooling system may be determined. The temperature management unit 310 may perform temperature management based on the environmental temperature.
  • FIG. 36 shows an example of the temperature estimation process in the temperature management unit as a flowchart. The illustrated process is performed before the start of transmission and reception, but may be performed after the start of transmission and reception.
  • the transmission and reception conditions include a transmission voltage that affects the temperature of the transmission and reception wavefront, a transmission aperture size, a transmission repetition cycle, an operation mode, and the like.
  • the heat generation amount A in the electronic circuit is calculated based on the transmission / reception conditions.
  • the heat generation amount B in the transducer array is calculated based on the transmission / reception conditions.
  • the contribution of the heat generation amount A (the contribution to the rise in the transmission / reception wavefront temperature) ⁇ TA is calculated.
  • the contribution of the heat generation amount B (contribution to the rise in the transmission / reception wavefront temperature) ⁇ TB is calculated.
  • the cooling effect by the refrigerant is taken into consideration, and the contributions ⁇ TA and ⁇ TB are corrected.
  • the contributions ⁇ TA and ⁇ TB are corrected based on the refrigerant temperature.
  • the contributions .DELTA.TA and .DELTA.TB may be corrected from the planned cooling action, regardless of the coolant temperature.
  • the corrected contributions ⁇ TA ′ and ⁇ TB ′ approach or become zero. Even if this is not the case, the refrigerant circulation can make the corrected contributions ⁇ TA 'and ⁇ TB' considerably smaller.
  • a predicted value ⁇ Test of the temperature rise of the transmission / reception wavefront is calculated.
  • the predicted value ⁇ Test is calculated by adding the corrected contributions ⁇ TA ′ and ⁇ TB ′.
  • the temperature of the electronic circuit, the ambient temperature, and the like may be further considered.
  • the main body of the water cooling jacket has a flat plate shape, but a recess may be formed on the heat absorption surface side, and the rear end portion of the laminate may be accommodated in the recess.
  • the heat absorption surface may be curved like a cylindrical surface. If the temperature of the relay board rises above the expected level while the refrigerant is circulating normally, peeling of the heat sink surface of the cooling jacket from the heat dissipation surface of the electronic circuit can be considered. In such a case, transmission and reception are limited It is desirable to do. A member for fastening the two members may be provided to prevent such peeling.
  • one or more parts of the parts arranged in the connector may be provided in the apparatus body.
  • three or more parts may be integrated.
  • the tank, the radiator and the pump may be a sealed space.
  • a multiphase diaphragm pump was used, but other types of pumps that can suppress pulsation may be used.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
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  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
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  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une sonde à ultrasons comportant un corps stratifié (22) et une chemise de refroidissement (34). Le corps stratifié (22) comporte un réseau d'éléments de vibration (24) et un circuit électronique (26). La face avant (surface endothermique) d'un corps de chemise (140) est directement liée à la face arrière du circuit électronique (26). Un fluide frigorigène est mis en circulation à l'intérieur du corps de chemise (140). La face arrière du corps de chemise (140) est pourvue d'une entrée de fluide frigorigène (104), d'une sortie de fluide frigorigène (106) et d'une borne de masse (108).
PCT/JP2018/039447 2017-12-27 2018-10-24 Sonde à ultrasons WO2019130766A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2017251041A JP2019115478A (ja) 2017-12-27 2017-12-27 超音波プローブ
JP2017-251041 2017-12-27

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WO2019130766A1 true WO2019130766A1 (fr) 2019-07-04

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090112098A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2009-04-30 Shahram Vaezy Thin-profile therapeutic ultrasound applicators
JP2011245292A (ja) * 2010-05-25 2011-12-08 General Electric Co <Ge> 超音波探触子及び超音波撮像システム
JP2012054446A (ja) * 2010-09-02 2012-03-15 Fujitsu Ltd 受熱器、液冷ユニット及び電子機器
WO2014112600A1 (fr) * 2013-01-18 2014-07-24 大成プラス株式会社 Échangeur thermique et procédé pour sa fabrication
US20150289854A1 (en) * 2014-04-15 2015-10-15 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Ultrasonic imaging apparatus
JP2016047208A (ja) * 2014-08-28 2016-04-07 プレキシオン株式会社 光音響探触子及び光音響画像化装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090112098A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2009-04-30 Shahram Vaezy Thin-profile therapeutic ultrasound applicators
JP2011245292A (ja) * 2010-05-25 2011-12-08 General Electric Co <Ge> 超音波探触子及び超音波撮像システム
JP2012054446A (ja) * 2010-09-02 2012-03-15 Fujitsu Ltd 受熱器、液冷ユニット及び電子機器
WO2014112600A1 (fr) * 2013-01-18 2014-07-24 大成プラス株式会社 Échangeur thermique et procédé pour sa fabrication
US20150289854A1 (en) * 2014-04-15 2015-10-15 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Ultrasonic imaging apparatus
JP2016047208A (ja) * 2014-08-28 2016-04-07 プレキシオン株式会社 光音響探触子及び光音響画像化装置

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