WO2019130619A1

WO2019130619A1 - Engine burning hydrogen and oxygen

Info

Publication number: WO2019130619A1
Application number: PCT/JP2018/018606
Authority: WO
Inventors: 泉寛治
Original assignee: 泉寛治
Priority date: 2017-12-28
Filing date: 2018-05-14
Publication date: 2019-07-04
Also published as: JP6680431B2; JPWO2019130619A1

Abstract

[Problem] To invent an engine that reduces CO2 andNOX emissions as a countermeasure to global warming and contrive a configuration that is superior to an electrically driven moving object. [Solution] An engine in which hydrogen and oxygen are burned in an engine combustion device that burns hydrogen and oxygen, heat and steam produced by the combustion device are guided into a hydrogen production means ZU provided inside the engine combustion device, either electricity, a hydrocarbon compound, oxygen, or the heat of the steam A is guided into the means ZU, hydrogen (or carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide) is extracted by the hydrogen production means, the hydrogen is used as fuel, carbon dioxide (or carbon monoxide) is recycled by a carbon dioxide recycling means CH that uses carbon dioxide as a resource outside of the engine, more electricity and hydrogen are produced by a rotational force extraction means 3 and a downstream electricity/hydrogen production means 4, the hydrogen is used as fuel for the engine, electricity powers engine-mounted instruments, surplus electricity is either sold by an electricity transfer system EaST or designated as electricity for private or home use, and an engine on a scale equivalent to the produced hydrogen quantity can be further operated.

Description

An engine that burns hydrogen and oxygen.

The technical field of engines that burn hydrogen and oxygen.

The constitution of the combustion chamber of the combustion process of an engine capable of burning enriched oxygen and hydrogen is proposed in PCT / JP2016 / 079312, and the combustion chamber of the above engine receives direct heat from combustion of enriched oxygen and hydrogen A heat resistant structure is provided, a water flow path is provided between the inner and outer walls of the combustion chamber, and an injection nozzle for injecting water into the heat resistant structure and the combustion chamber is provided on the inner wall of the combustion chamber and water is injected from the nozzle The water vapor of the water vapor generation means and the exhaust gas of the water vapor from the combustion as the cooling means in the combustion chamber as well as the water vapor generation means flow through the rotational force extraction step and are extracted as rotational force, and the extracted rotational force is power or electricity. And the gas flowing through the take-out step is introduced into the fuel generation step of generating the fuel, and the fuel generation step is divided by the synthesis gas reformer and the gas separation membrane. Provided vessels and gas reformer separator to produce hydrogen fuel self-sufficient fuel, and there is a CO _2, NO _X engine system technology which does not emit.

Patent No. 5967682 An engine that produces fuel by combustion of oxygen-enriched air and fuel. The construction of an engine for burning hydrocarbon fuel containing carbon or hydrogen with enriched oxygen air is provided with means capable of resisting the heat of combustion of oxygen and hydrogen in the combustion chamber (combustion device 2) of the engine The heat-resistant structure is provided with a jet nozzle for injecting water, and the water is injected into the heat-resistant structure to turn the water into steam, and heat absorption during steam generation enables combustion of oxygen and hydrogen, and the combustion chamber portion In the exhaust gas flow path from the water vapor reforming, aquatic gas shift, or dry reforming reforming path is provided, and the hydrogen generated in the reforming path is supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell to generate electricity. Furthermore, it is a technology that uses the rotational power as the driving power of the transport equipment or the power generation power of the generator by rotating the turbine blade with both combustion gas and product gas. * The present invention provides the water passage of the combustion chamber constitution of the above-mentioned engine in the above-mentioned heat resistant structure, absorbs heat of the heat resistant structure in the process of passing water through the water passage and generates steam. A hydrogen generating means ZU (for example, either the steam reformer Ka or the steam electrolyzer F1 or the partial oxidation reactor BO) is provided outside, and the steam generated in the heat-resistant structure section is a hydrogen generating means ZU (eg, steam reformer) The technology differs in that hydrogen is produced by introducing it into the apparatus Ka, the steam electrolyzer F1 or the partial oxidation reactor BO), and the produced hydrogen is used as a fuel for the engine.

JP 2012-52162 A method of producing and using hydrogen and oxygen. It is a method of producing and using hydrogen and oxygen, wherein clean hydrogen and oxygen can be inexpensively produced and used by using low-grade steam generated secondarily at steelworks (iron-making process), A steam heater A for heating low-grade steam into high-temperature steam; a steam electrolyzer B for decomposing high-temperature steam obtained by the steam heater into hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis; The sensible heat recovery device C1 which recovers sensible heat from hydrogen and oxygen obtained by the decomposition device, and the sensible heat recovered by the sensible heat recovery device using the hydrogen and oxygen obtained by the steam electrolyzer in the iron making process A method for producing and using hydrogen and oxygen, comprising: * While the steam heating device A is provided which heats low-grade steam generated as a by-product in the iron making process of the literature technology into high-temperature steam, the present invention relates to hydrogen in the engine combustion devices 2 to 2 d The major difference is that high-temperature steam is generated by direct combustion heat and indirect heat from the combustion of oxygen and oxygen, but the technical parts of the steam electrolyzer and the thermoelectric energy converter in this document are adopted in the present application. .

Patent application No. 2008-155195 Hydrogen generation method, hydrogen generator and catalyst A catalyst formed by heating and solidifying a metal oxide (for example, Cr 2 O 3) and a metal hydroxide (for example, KOH) to a temperature above the melting point and below the boiling point of the metal oxide is installed in the catalyst storage chamber 21. In the evaporation chamber, the water vapor around 750 ° C. evaporated is supplied to perform three reactions with the intermediate active substance to collect hydrogen from water. According to the invention, the hydrogen of the hydroxyl group of the metal hydroxide is extracted instead of directly extracting the water molecule, so that the reaction can be performed with water vapor at around 700 ° C. You can extract hydrogen with less energy. In addition, since the three reactions are combined and the catalyst itself is not reduced and apparently water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen, there is no decrease in the catalyst itself. Further, the catalyst material necessary for the practice of the present invention can be easily obtained as chromium oxide, titanium oxide, etc. as metal oxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, etc. as metal hydroxide, as a chemical material, It is a technology that is cheap. * The steam of exhaust stream 5 of the combustion apparatus 2 to 2d (combustion apparatus 2, 2a, 2ar, 2b, 2c, 2d) of the present invention or the exhaust stream 5a after flowing through the rotational force extracting device 3 It is a technology that can be adopted in the present application as the water vapor of the apparatus SY for collecting hydrogen by the catalyst of the oxide and the metal hydroxide and the water vapor.

JP-A-2015-189721 Method of producing natural gas treated product and treated natural gas treating plant A method for producing a natural gas treated product for producing a natural gas treated product from natural gas, comprising the steps of: electrolysis of water to produce oxygen and hydrogen; and reacting the produced oxygen with the natural gas to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen. A technology for producing a synthesis gas containing C. and reacting the produced synthesis gas to obtain a natural gas treated product. Furthermore, the technology of reacting hydrogen with carbon dioxide to produce methanol, Reaction formula CO 2 + 3 H 2 → CH 3 OH + H 2 O Furthermore, the technology of reacting hydrogen with carbon dioxide to produce methane. Reaction formula CO2 + 4H2 → CH4 + 2H2O. In addition, Chiyoda Chemical Construction Co., Ltd. (company name) is a technology that generates 2CO + 2H 2 synthesis gas by reforming carbon dioxide CO 2 and methane CH 4 using a precious metal catalyst. Furthermore, carbon monoxide CO and hydrogen are reacted to produce dimethyl ether. 2CO + 4 H 2 → CH 3 OCH 3 + H 2 O * A technology that can be adopted as one of the carbon dioxide recycling means CH of the present application.

1. Using the heat resistant conductor SC provided in the combustion apparatus 2 described in the patent document PCT / JP2016 / 079312 described in the above background art as a heat transfer body, steam reforming and electrolysis are performed in the engine combustion apparatus Invent a (one-piece) structure that can (The engine combustion device or the electric / hydrogen generation means is configured to be self-sufficient for the hydrogen of the fuel, or the price corresponding to the fuel cost).
2. Repeating the steam reforming in the fuel producing step 4 of producing hydrogen according to the technology described in 1 above, carbon dioxide is increased, but a system for processing this carbon dioxide is to be constructed.
3. Find the means to cover the fuel cost with the product in the operation of the above-mentioned engine, Furthermore, in the case where the above-mentioned engine is installed in the mobile form, find the means to cover the depreciation expense of the engine; Make it
4. Find out a method of carbon dioxide resource conversion that is utilized as a resource in the external equipment (it may be in the equipment if installed in a stationary form equipment) the carbon dioxide CO ₂ to be generated.
5. Find a means to control the temperature in the combustion chamber of the engine in a decreasing direction, and install the means on either a reciprocating engine, a rotary engine or a diesel engine. Currently manufactured reciprocating engine or rotary engine or diesel engine Find a configuration to reduce the "NO _X " and "CO ₂ " emissions of the engine manufacturing system maintenance department of this application, which uses hydrogen as the fuel for one of the engines.

In the first invention, water is converted to steam by heat produced by burning oxygen (separated by the separator 1) and hydrogen, and the steam is reacted (for example, electrolysis, steam reforming, partial oxidation reaction, etc.) Engine combustion device Z provided with a construction for generating hydrogen (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 10) (from the gas storage tank T1 and the gas storage tank T2) of the combustion device Z (from the gas storage tank T1 and the gas storage tank T2) And the heat-resistant structure portion SC that receives direct heat due to combustion provided in the combustion chamber, and (the heat-resistant structure portion SC is likely to receive direct heat ( (For example, approximately cylindrical)), the water (supplied and supplied from the water tank) provided in the heat resistant structure receives the direct heat from the above-mentioned combustion while passing through the heat resistant structure SC. And a water passage MHa for making water vapor Water vapor A generation means for generating water vapor A in the MHa, and hydrogen generation means ZU provided on the outer shell (outside) of the heat resistant structure (for example, if ZU is an electrolyzer, F1, F2, Fig. 1 and Ka for steam reforming, FIG. 2 for a partial oxidation reaction OS, and FIG. 10 for the partial oxidation reaction OS) from the supply nozzle Zj for supplying the steam A to the hydrogen generation means ZU and the supply nozzle Zj Secondary materials (for example, heat, electricity, oxygen) which are supplied to the hydrogen generation means ZU and which causes the steam to be reacted (for example, electrolysis, steam reforming, partial oxidation reaction, etc.) by the hydrogen generation means ZU · Hydrocarbon compounds, etc.) One or more of SB supply means, steam A supplied to the hydrogen generation means ZU, and any of the supplied auxiliary materials SB (thermal, electrical, oxygen, hydrocarbon compounds, etc.) Hydrogen or hydrogen Hydrogen is extracted by introducing hydrogen or a mixed gas containing hydrogen into the separation device, and a separation device for separating hydrogen from the mixed gas, and hydrogen or hydrogen mixed gas containing hydrogen or hydrogen containing hydrogen which generates mixed gas, The supplied hydrogen is used as the fuel of the engine combustion device Z, and the steam A supplied from the water passage MHa to the combustion chamber NE is supplied to the combustion chamber NE and the steam A supplied from the supply nozzle Zj is the combustion chamber NE. The steam Aa which absorbs heat from the heat inside to become higher heat, and the steam Aa is not decomposed (reformed) by the steam B generated by the above combustion and the hydrogen generating means ZU (STn and undecomposed steam) The hydrogen and oxygen are characterized by an engine combustion apparatus Z which burns hydrogen and generates hydrogen, comprising an exhaust stream 5 discharged downstream as exhaust with steam STm) To provide an engine.
* Heat absorption structure means SC which receives direct heat of the combustion flame 2F of the fuel provided in the combustion chamber NE of the above engine is a heat absorption structure material (for example, alumina Al ₂ O ₃ based alloy having high heat conductivity and heat resistance temperature is preferable) A water passage MHa for converting water into water vapor in the heat absorption structure means SC while the water passes through the water passage, the water is water vapor A and the water vapor A is the hydrogen generation means ZU and the engine combustion Injection into the chamber NE to supply steam to the cooling means of the engine combustion chamber and the hydrogen generation means ZU (apparatus) enables combustion of oxygen and hydrogen, and further hydrogen can be generated in the combustion apparatus Z It is a new technology that has devised an engine.
* The center temperature of the combustion flame is about 2800 ° C in the combustion of (enrichment) oxygen and hydrogen, and the center temperature of the combustion flame is about 1900 ° C in the combustion of air (oxygen in) and hydrogen by the use of (enrichment) oxygen In the engine using oxygen (enriched) and the engine using air (oxygen), the core temperature of the combustion flame goes up by about 47% or is it used for the above-mentioned steam reformer or for the electrolysis of water? The production of water vapor, which is either used for partial oxidation reaction BO, can be calculated 47% more in calculation (the difference in oxygen density, which is referred to as oxygen energy in the present application).
* When the hydrogen generation means ZU of the engine combustion system Z is steam reforming and partial oxidation reaction, steam reforming CH ₄ + H ₂ O → CO + 3H ₂ and (partial oxidation reaction CH ₄ + O → CO + 2H ₂ ) shift Although the reaction unit is provided in the structure of CO + H ₂ O → CO ₂ + H ₂ , the shift reaction unit may not be provided and carbon dioxide may be generated instead of carbon dioxide to generate carbon monoxide.
In the second invention, the exhaust flow 5a from the combustion device Z is caused to flow through the rotational force extraction device 3 provided downstream of the engine combustion device Z, and the exhaust gas flow 5a flowing through the rotational force extraction device 3 is subjected to the heat resistance A means R1 (for example, a return line) is provided to return the water flow path MHa provided in the structural part SC (all or half or more), and the exhaust flow 5a is returned to the water flow path MHa. Means are provided in the combustion device 2, 2a (described later), and the exhaust gas flowed through the rotational force output device 3 downstream of the combustion device is returned as a means R2 to the combustion chamber NE to burn hydrogen and oxygen. Provide an engine.
* When the hydrogen generation means ZU of the engine combustion system Z is steam reforming, the supply amount of steam to be supplied is 2 to 5 times the theoretical value according to carbon deposition (H ₂ O / CH ₄ (molar ratio) about 2 to 5) Supply steam), and the surplus steam supplied becomes unreformed steam STm, joins with the exhaust, flows from the exhaust stream 5 through the rotational force extracting device 3, and is discharged downstream as the exhaust stream 5a, The regeneration means is provided with means R1 (for example, return line, no drawing) for returning the stream 5a to the water passage MHa of the above-mentioned heat resistant structure, and regenerating the exhaust stream 5a into the water vapor A of the hydrogen generating means. Means are provided in the combustion devices 2 and 2a, and the exhaust gas flowing through the rotational force take-off device downstream of the combustion device is returned to the combustion chamber NE.
* In the case where the hydrogen generation means ZU of the engine combustion device Z is an electrolyzer F1 or F2, for example, the electrolysis rate of water vapor is 50% to 60% when the decomposition rate of water vapor is allowed to pass through the solid electrolyte cell The decomposition rate can be increased by adding the undecomposed water vapor back to the furnace, reheating it, and charging it again to the electrolyzers F1 and F2 (electrolysis capacity UP = increase the number of cells installed).
The third invention relates to a rotary wing body 3a of the rotational force output device 3 (FIG. 8) for converting the substantially linear exhaust flow of the exhaust flow 5 into a rotary force, and the rotary wing One rotary shaft 3c for taking out the rotational force of the body 3a, the other rotary shaft 3c1 of the rotary shaft 3c, the outer shell 3d of the rotational force takeout device 3, and the rotary shaft from the other rotary shaft 3c1 end 3c1 and a water passage 3MH communicating with the inside of the rotor 3a and passing through the inside of the rotor 3a, and water is introduced into the water passage 3MH and passes through the water passage. The heat is absorbed to form steam C, which is discharged downstream as the exhaust flow 5a (joined with) after passing through the rotational force extraction device 3. The rotational force extraction device 3 has cooling means for the rotor blade 3a. To provide an engine that burns hydrogen and oxygen.
The fourth invention is an electricity & hydrogen that generates electricity & hydrogen by introducing an exhaust stream 5a that has flowed through the torque takeout device 3 of an engine equipped with any of the engine combustion devices 2, 2a, 2ar, Z Heat generated by the exhaust stream 5a introduced to the means (for example, approximately 1000 ° C. depending on the setting of the engine) and steam (steam A, steam Aa, steam B, steam C, steam) One or more of undecomposed steam STn or one or more of unreformed steam STm), electricity Ea taken out by the rotational force extracting device 3 and seawater (eg, water used for steaming on a ship) As a material, (for example) a steam electrolyzer F1 or a steam electrolyzer FS1 or a device of collecting hydrogen with a catalyst of metal oxide and metal hydroxide and steam, or a steam reformer Ka1 or water Use one or more of the technologies of thermochemical decomposition F2 or thermoelectric energy conversion device DE, heat exchanger G, fuel cell generator FD1 or seawater true water purification (desalination) equipment Wa Electricity (or power) is generated from a plurality of engines operated by generating (producing) one or both of hydrogen and hydrogen and operating a plurality of engines having the engine combustion devices 2, 2a and 2ar according to the amount of the generated hydrogen Further, the present invention provides an engine that burns hydrogen and oxygen, which is characterized by further producing
* Multiple modes can be considered for the single operation or combined operation of any of the devices described in the above electricity & hydrogen generation means 4 and there is no contradiction in the configuration of the device and the device (theoretically established configuration) This can be freely performed (for example, a combination in a configuration in which the fuel cell generator FD1 generates electric power and the electric power is used as the electric power of the water vapor electrolyzer F1).
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, the engine having the hydrogen generating means ZU is operated, and hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generating means ZU is either the engine or the engine combustion device 2 or 2a or 2ar not having the hydrogen generating means ZU. It is characterized in that either one or both of electricity and motive power are generated by one engine having a plurality of combustion devices and one engine having hydrogen generation means ZU and a plurality of engines not having hydrogen generation means ZU. To provide an engine that burns hydrogen and oxygen.
* Among the above three types of engine combustion device 2 or engine combustion device 2a or engine combustion device 2ar, one engine combustion device 2b and one having no steam reforming Ka (a combustion device of a scale that consumes the same amount of hydrogen as 2b) Plural (for example, three) configured by any one or more of them are operated, and the total (for example, four) of the engine combustion device Z (in the case of steam reforming) In the engine-combustion device 2 or the engine-combustion device 2a or the engine-combustion device 2ar which does not have the steam reforming Ka, the flow force of the exhaust stream 5 from the device is approximately 100%. The power and electricity of the engine are produced by the downstream torque extraction means 3 in such a configuration as to discharge the exhaust stream 5 force of the table + 1 (the water vapor fraction used for the steam reforming Ka) is made negative. Electricity and hydrogen are further produced by the electricity / hydrogen producing means 4 for introducing the exhaust stream 5a which flows through the torque takeout means 3 and is discharged to produce electricity and hydrogen. Combustion of hydrogen and oxygen is characterized in that Engine.
* The combustion device 2 (see FIGS. 4, 5 and 6) has a configuration in which the electrolyzer F1, the steam reforming section Ka, and the partial oxidation reaction OS are removed from the engine combustion devices 2b, 2c and 2d, respectively. In the above-described combustion apparatus 2, the heat-resistant structural portion SC is not provided and the injection is performed by injecting water directly to the combustion chamber wall 2U instead of the heat-resistant structural portion SC in the combustion device 2 provided with the structural portion SC (no water flow passage MHa). The configuration provided with the nozzle Mj is the combustion apparatus 2a, and the steam not reformed by the electricity / hydrogen generation means 4 (fuel generation unit 4) of the engine is returned to the combustion chamber NE into the combustion chamber NE. The configuration provided with the steam reheating means WR for reheating the reformed steam is the engine combustion device 2ar.
In the sixth invention, the electricity generated by the engine is stored in the storage battery 40 and used as the mobile power of the mobile unit, and the surplus electricity is generated or the electricity generated by the engine operation when the mobile unit is not moving An engine for burning hydrogen and oxygen is provided, characterized in that any of the modes of delivery of electricity is an electricity transfer system EaST.
* Electrical delivery system EaST
1. The electricity generated by the moving body and stored in a capacitor in the moving body is
1a, A transfer station for taking up electricity is provided to take up (sell) the electricity.
1b, Introduction of a capacitor exchange system at an electric transfer station and a parking lot of a mobile unit (a set of multiple capacitors set as one unit is replaced with a set of one unit to shorten the replenishment time of electricity) A system to replace a capacitor generated and charged in a moving body with a capacitor whose charge amount is at the lower limit setting value (nearly).
2. A means for operating an engine during parking of the mobile unit at a parking lot of the mobile unit, connecting electricity generated by the mobile unit directly with a cable or the like, and selling it. (The same form as selling electricity generated by solar power generation to a power company). The above is a representative example of the electric delivery system EaST.
* A parking lot (parking lot, etc.) of the engine-mounted equipment (aircraft, ship, railway, automobile, etc.) in which the engine equipped with the above engine combustion devices 2, 2a, 2ar, Z (2b, 2c, 2d) is mounted on a moving body Dock, airfield, etc. base military) to carbon monoxide CO or diacid carbon CO ₂ with water to taken over to the station provided gas station or mobile gas station hydrocarbon compounds such as Pier marina (e.g. methane The system is designed to receive the supply of CH ₄ ) or to provide equipment (electrical transfer station) for taking up electricity generated by the engine to take up electricity. That is, at the time of moving the moving body, the moving body is operated to generate hydrogen (and oxygen) of the fuel to be consumed as the energy of the moving body, and surplus carbon monoxide CO or carbon dioxide CO ₂ is consumed at the gas station. Or purchase at a mobile gas station to receive a supply of water and a hydrocarbon compound (eg methane CH ₄ ), or consume electricity generated by the engine as power for the vehicle and exceed consumption Carbon monoxide that has become surplus in the engine by making the surplus electricity that is generated and taken over with the electricity exchange system EaST (power supply to the external social power energy supply infrastructure) or either or both. Means of using CO or carbon dioxide CO ₂ and electricity as valuables.
* The above mobile units, for example, many vehicles traveling on public roads have the configuration of equipment that burns fuel and generates electricity with its rotational power, and operates the mobile unit during non-traveling to generate power and generate electricity The cost received by calculating the difference between the hydrocarbon cost input by selling electricity and the electricity bill output-With the engine of the present application, if the input cost is positive, it is possible to obtain the profit from the above non-operating operation. It is an engine that can be configured (it can be operated at the time of non-running to gain a profit).
* If the amount of hydrogen generated by the above engine is consumed by the engine (consumption as movement power of the mobile unit) and if it can generate surplus electricity, the surplus electricity is temporarily stored in the storage battery 40 or Sold by direct transportation.
* By means of utilizing the above non-operating time of the moving object, it is possible to prevent cracking and the like due to fatigue of components of the engine due to repeated stop and operation in the engine, and to extend the life of the engine and sell or sell the engine products The use (for example, own factory) can accelerate the cost-off of the engine.
The seventh invention is provided with means for adding combustion gas supplied to the engine provided with the engine combustion device Z to oxygen and hydrogen and mixing an inert gas (for example, argon gas) with the combustion device (for example, 2, 2a, 2ar, An engine that burns hydrogen and oxygen, characterized in that it is controlled as a means to lower the flame center temperature in 2b, 2c, 2d).
The eighth invention supplies combustion gas (gas mixed with oxygen and hydrogen plus inert gas (for example, argon gas)) supplied to the above engine to either a reciprocating engine, a rotary engine or a diesel engine An engine for burning hydrogen and oxygen characterized in that the inert gas is collected from the exhaust gas of the engine (provided upstream of the exhaust port for discharging the exhaust gas to the outside of the equipment) by the collection means for collecting the inert gas. .

<< Supplementary explanation of means to solve the above problems >>
<Oxygen Separator 1> (FIG. 7) An oxygen (enrichment) means for separating and removing nitrogen N ₂ from the air atmosphere, but the gas separation by a membrane {eg, prism separator {Monsanto Co., Ltd., prism alpha gas ) (Company name) PV (pervaporation), etc.) is a technology that has become common sense along with the cryogenic separation method and the adsorption separation method in the present technology, and the separation membrane system is Monsanto, Dow, Separek, WR Grace, and in Japan Ube Industries (all are company names) have commercialized their own separation membrane systems.
* The principle configuration of membrane separation that separates gases is that which separates according to the relative permeation rate of the separating gas, so that the fast gas can easily permeate through the membrane wall and exit to the side port, the slow gas Because of the difficulty in permeating the membrane wall, it moves inside the hollow fiber and is discharged from the outlet, and H ₂ O, H ₂ , H ₂ S, CO ₂ , O ₂ are used as the fast gas. And slow gases include Ar, CO ₃ , N ₂ , CH _{4 and the} like.
Operating pressure 8 ~ 150Kg ^/ Cm 2 G (also those which can be at a pressure below 8 Kg / cm ²⁾
(Enriched) Oxygen gas purity is 70% to less than 100% (range where NOx is not emitted)
It is a condition that the gas to be separated has pressure, and the driving force of the separation membrane system is the use of pressure difference. As the compressor, any of an axial flow type, a reciprocating type, a screw type, a rotary type, a scroll type and the like can be used.

<Steam Reformer Ka> A method of producing a synthesis gas by reacting a hydrocarbon compound (for example, methane CH ₄ ) and steam (steam) in a steam reformer Ka carrying a catalyst, and a large endothermic reaction between H ₂ and CO It is represented by the following reaction formula in which a molar ratio of 3 and hydrogen are produced in large quantities.
For example, the reforming reaction formula using methane CH ₄ as a substance to be reformed CH ₄ + H ₂ O⇔3H ₂ + CO (1) CO + H ₂ O⇔H ₂ + CO ₂ (2) Shift reaction ··· Secondary to the reaction of
* As the catalyst for steam reforming, for example, a known catalyst such as a nickel-based catalyst can be used.-Reforming temperature about 650 to 1000 ° C.

Partial Oxidation Reaction Device BO of Hydrocarbon Compound The partial oxidation reaction of the hydrogen generation means ZU is a means which does not require a catalyst, and is separated from the hydrocarbon compound (for example, methane CH ₄ ) by the oxygen separation device 1 and high. The oxygen (1/2 O ₂ ) that has become a density is introduced into the hydrogen generation means Z, and the heat of the steam A is supplied to the partial oxidation reaction apparatus BO of the mixed gas (by the heat transfer of the heat resistant conductor SC) for combustion. The partial oxidation reaction apparatus BO promotes to obtain a synthesis gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, supplies the above-mentioned steam A to the synthesis gas, generates hydrogen and carbon dioxide by shift reaction, and selectively selects hydrogen from the product gas It can be configured to use a permselective membrane reactor that takes out permeatingly. A configuration in which a partial oxidation reaction BO is used instead of the steam reforming Ka and the electrolysiss F1 and F2. Another method of the above hydrogen generation means is methane direct reforming, which can be used as the reforming technique of the present invention.

<Example of installation of reformer> When reaction time is required in the reformer and the electrolyzer in the engine of the present invention, a plurality of hydrogen generators are required to simultaneously proceed when increasing the amount of reformed gas, etc. In addition, a reformer using an exhaust gas (of about 500 ° C.) after absorption of heat by the above reforming is separately provided, and an engine in a stationary form (for example, an engine related to power generation in a power plant) It is also possible to adopt a technology that requires time (for example, several hours) for reforming, decomposition, separation, etc., and it is preferable to adopt a technology with a short cycle of the above reforming, decomposition, separation, etc. for installation in mobile mode. . For example, the steam reforming portion Ka of the engine combustion device 2b shown in FIG. 4 is divided into four (90 ° * 4) to sequentially inject (introduce) steam.

<Heat-resistant structural part SC> Engine combustion devices 2, 2b, 2c, 2d (see FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 10) (enriched) The center temperature of the combustion flame is about 2800 ° C in the combustion of oxygen and hydrogen The center temperature of the combustion flame is about 1900 ° C in air (oxygen and hydrogen) combustion and the center temperature of the combustion flame rises by about 47% by using (enriched) oxygen, the heat of combustion where the oxygen and hydrogen are burned For example, tungsten W or hafnium Hf ceramic or alumina Al ₂ O ₃ or titanium Ti or nickel Ni silicon carbide SiC (silicon carbide ceramic) or those coated (deposited) or boiler etc. In the stationary equipment of this type, fire-resistant bricks with water-cooled walls can be considered, but the above-mentioned tungsten and hafnium have problems in terms of processability and price as the combustion chamber wall material in moving form . The heat absorption structure means SC receiving direct heat of the combustion flame 2F of the fuel provided in the combustion chamber NE of the above engine is provided, for example, as an alumina Al ₂ O ₃ based alloy having high thermal conductivity and heat resistant temperature The heat absorption structure means in NE and the injection means for injecting water vapor A to the hydrogen generation means ZU wall are the cooling means of the engine combustion chamber and the water vapor A of the water vapor generation means as a new technology capable of continuous combustion of oxygen and hydrogen. It was possible.

1a, <Steam electrolysis FS1> Stabilized zirconia (Zro-10% Y 2 O 3 (yttria) oxide) thin film as solid electrolyte in steam electrolysis unit, Sunshine project (AIST) 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C. A method of electrolyzing water vapor has been developed at an operating temperature of 900 ° C. to 1000 ° C., a current density of 40 A / dm ^{2, a} cell voltage of 1.3 and a capacity of 90%, and a power conversion efficiency of 90%.
* In JP-A-2017-45601 (description) and the embodiment, it is assumed that a high voltage of 40 to 64 V is obtained in the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10 consisting of 64 pieces. The solid oxide fuel cell stack and the solid oxide fuel cell module can be suitably used in the technical fields of portable solid electrolyte fuel cell compact generators and hydrogen generators by electrolysis reaction.

* 1b, <Electrolyzer F1 and F2> This technology can also be the technology of decomposing the steam electrolysis technology of JP 2012-52162 into hydrogen and oxygen of fuel of the above-mentioned engine, and is discharged from the above-mentioned engine combustion apparatus The exhaust gas is allowed to flow through the rotational force extracting device 3 and high temperature steam having heat after flowing is electrolyzed (steam electrolysis) by the steam electrolyzing devices F1 and F2 to generate hydrogen and oxygen. The higher the steam electrolysis temperature, the more advantageous the direct utilization of the heat source. A medium temperature steam electrolysis system operating at 600 ° C. may be used, and an electrolysis system operating at 1000 ° C. may be used more preferably. In addition, the medium temperature steam electrolysis apparatus uses a proton conductor: SrZr _0.5 Ce _0.4 Y _0.1 O _3-a as an electrolyte, and as an electrode, an anode that decomposes water has high activity Sm _{0. .5} By employing an oxide electrode having a composition of ₅ Sr _0.5 CoO ₃ and by adopting a structure in which a thin layer of a serate proton conductor is inserted between the nickel electrode and the electrolyte for the cathode which is a hydrogen generation electrode. , A technology that operates with a low over voltage of 0.3 V under conditions of 600 ° C and 0.2 A / cm ² . It is a technology that can be adopted as the electrolyzers F1 and F2 incorporated in the engine combustion device 2c of the present application and a technology of the electrolyzer F1 that can be adopted as the electric / hydrogen generation means 4.

* 1c, <Electrolyzer F1 and F2> A technology belonging to the technology of a steam electrolyzer, which discloses a technology of a construction in which a high temperature steam gas is electrolyzed while passing through the inside of a solid electrolyte cell As disclosed in JP-A-307290, JP-A-9-228085, JP-A-2017-33816, etc., the fuel electrode and the air electrode are energized by an external power source while blowing in steam under high temperature conditions of about 900 ° C. Water molecules are broken down. Specifically, hydrogen gas derived from water molecules is taken out at the fuel electrode, and oxygen gas derived from water molecules is taken out at the air electrode. This high-temperature steam electrolysis is a technology in which the theoretical decomposition voltage is low (for example, 0.9 V at 1000 ° C) compared to low-temperature water decomposition.
* 1 d, Solid oxide type steam electrolytic device (technique described in JP 2008-243744) A steam electrolytic device using a metal thin film that can improve atomic permeability even at an operating temperature of 400 ° C. to 600 ° C. A metal thin film contains a metal composition and an oxide in which the metal grain of the metal composition is dispersed. This technology is formed by simultaneously sputtering the metal target that constitutes the metal composition and the oxide target that constitutes the oxide, and further decomposes the water vapor that has not been decomposed by the high-temperature water vapor electrolysis ( It can be an electrolyzer F2).

* 1 E, <Hydrogen extraction device with metal oxide and metal hydroxide catalyst and water vapor SY> Japanese Patent Application 2008-155195 Hydrogen generation method, hydrogen generation device and catalyst. A catalyst formed by heating and solidifying a metal oxide (for example, Cr ₂ O ₃ ) and a metal hydroxide (for example, KOH) to a temperature above the melting point and below the boiling point of the metal oxide is installed in the catalyst storage chamber 21. A technology for supplying the water vapor at around 750 ° C. evaporated in the evaporation chamber to the storage chamber 21 and performing three reactions involving an intermediate active substance to collect hydrogen from water.

<Solid Electrolyte Membrane Type Reactor> Partial oxidation reaction utilization, as described in JP-A-2006-298664, a porous support 1 and a dense layer 2 composed of an oxygen ion / electron mixed conductive solid electrolyte formed thereon A membrane type reactor using a reaction structure of a three-layer structure comprising a catalyst layer 3 formed on the dense layer 2, wherein the surface of the catalyst layer 3 is mainly treated with hydrocarbon. A film type for supplying high purity oxygen gas according to a technology characterized in that high purity oxygen gas 5 is supplied to the surface of the porous support 1 side to obtain a reformed gas (such as synthesis gas). Reactor.

<Seawater Freshwater (Freshwater) Generator Wa> An engine equipped with the above-described engine combustion devices 2, 2a, 2ar, 2b, 2c, 2d is a means for acquiring freshwater from ships traveling on the sea surface, etc. There are many publicizing and commercializing technologies, and any one of them may be used. For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 20180-13133, a seawater filter for filtering seawater and a reverse osmosis membrane separation device for separating water filtered by the filter into fresh water with a reverse osmosis membrane and a control for controlling adhesion of shellfish to the water intake portion for intake water There is a seawater desalination device equipped with a chemical.

<Heat exchangers G and G3> A product of the above-mentioned heat exchange device which transfers heat, which has become common sense, for example, the heat of the heat medium compressed by heat exchange of the air of the air conditioner with the heat medium It is technology such as exchanging with water or air.

<Thermoelectric energy conversion device> JP-A-2012-52162 Method of producing and using hydrogen and oxygen. A thermoelectric conversion module is produced on a trial basis with heat relating to a technology to be a thermoelectric conversion device that directly converts heat into electricity, which is a technology described in Patent Document 2, and a power generation test is performed, and the result of the power generation test (300 ° C. In the above case, the above-mentioned promoted power generation module has been published in the case where it succeeded in taking out 0.39 V of electromotive force, and the Fe2 V 0.9 Ti 0.1 Al 2, n-type material was used as the p-type material. Copper is used for the electrode, and it is joined to each of p, n materials by diffusion bonding, and one side of the module is kept constant at 20 ° C. This is a technology that heats the other surface to 300 ° C and generates power by the temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces.

<Fuel Cell Generator FD1> A configuration in which hydrogen generated by the engine combustion device 2 described in Patent Document 1 is sent to a fuel stack, electricity is generated by the fuel stack, and the electricity is used as traveling power (fuel cell generator Configuration that can be said).
The above-mentioned configuration for generating electricity with hydrogen and oxygen to power an automobile is a technology that has already been commercialized as a hybrid vehicle, but the configuration for generating electricity with hydrogen, oxygen and a fuel stack produced in the present application is also electricity generation means 4 As a means of

<Separator with gas separation membrane (separating means)> ・ Polymer membrane separator, there are polyimide, polyamide, polysulfone etc. in the industrially proven thing in membrane separation of hydrogen ・ Metal separation membrane (Palladium Pd metal thin film ), Metal palladium membranes allow only hydrogen molecules to permeate. That is, hydrogen molecules are atomized on the surface of the membrane to form protons (H ⁺ ) and electrons (e), which diffuse through the membrane and recombine on the surface of the membrane to be separated into molecules, which are separated from palladium alloy Hydrogen can be separated by heating the capillary to 300 ° C. to 500 ° C. This membrane is suitable for high purity hydrogen production.
・ High temperature hydrogen gas separation membrane (ceramics) There is a high temperature hydrogen gas separation membrane system at around 700 ° C, for example, reforming from steam at 600 ° C to 1000 ° C. It is suitable for high temperature gas separation to separate and take out.
Membrane type reactor (integral reactor and separator integrated type) In the description of JP 2008-302334, oxygenated hydrocarbons are used as main raw material gas, and water (steam), carbon dioxide, oxygen etc. are used as auxiliary raw material gas. After a mixed gas containing hydrogen is generated using chemical reactions such as high-quality reactions, partial oxidation reactions, decomposition reactions, etc., the mixed gas can be selectively permeated through a selectively permeable membrane (eg, palladium alloy membrane) The membrane reactor is a selectively permeable membrane reactor (also referred to as a membrane reactor) capable of simultaneously separating the above-mentioned chemical reaction and selective separation from hydrogen.
* When it is difficult to use high temperature gas separation in the separation membrane which separates the above hydrogen and carbon monoxide and oxygen and steam in the high temperature zone, it is known from low temperature (for example, about 100 to 200 ° C) gas after heat absorption in heat exchanger It can also be configured to be separated by a separation method (for example, PAS adsorption method, membrane separation membrane, etc.).

It is a rotational force output device 3 for taking out the exhaust flow force 5 as a rotational force, but in the structure for taking out the flow force in the substantially linear direction of the fluid (water, water vapor, combustion gas) as the rotational force Technology that converts the flow of water, such as the flow of tidal tides and water flow in agricultural waterways, into rotational power and steam engines (motors that use the pressure of water vapor to turn the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotational power) There are wings (motor blades) etc. of the prime mover that rotates the turbine using high-temperature, high-pressure gas made by mixing fuel with the compressed air of the gas turbine and the blades of the prime mover that sprays and rotates the impeller. The exhaust gas and water vapor flowing through the rotational force output structure 3 may be at least 600 ° C., as long as they are blades (impellers) that are commonly used in the present application (known techniques). Means (eg Means for processing a ceramic coating or the like in a nickel alloy or means for introducing water from the water passage of the water passage MH from the shaft portion of the rotary blade of the rotational force extraction structure 3 (for example, a sprinkler for sprinkling water Water is supplied to the rotor by the structure that supplies water to the rotating rotor, and the water or steam that absorbed the heat of the rotor is discharged outside the rotor and the exhaust flows through the rotor. As a structure which merges with the flow 5 and flows downstream, it may be configured as a cooling means of a wing body (impeller).

A mobile gas station is, for example, a large truck or large trailer equipped with an empty tank of carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, or the like, disposed at a gas station (such as a refueling station), and a tank for the large truck or large trailer. When the carbon dioxide (or carbon monoxide) loading capacity reaches a specified value, the empty carbon dioxide gas (or carbon monoxide gas) tank car is replaced with a tank car and transported to the base, and hydrocarbon compounds (eg, methane CH ₄ ) are further transported. A large truck or large trailer that is loaded is disposed at a gas station (such as a fueling station), and when the loading capacity of the large truck or large trailer becomes empty, it is returned to the gas station and loaded. In another form of the mobile gas station, a high pressure gas cylinder such as an oxygen gas cylinder, a carbon dioxide gas cylinder, a hydrocarbon compound (eg, methane) cylinder or the like currently in circulation is mounted and transported on a rack that can carry a plurality of liquefied gas cylinders. If it does, it can be set as the above-mentioned gas transfer system (as infrastructure maintenance).

A <dioxide CO ₂ recycling means CH> the steam reforming Ka, and carbon dioxide CO ₂ recycling means CH generated by electric and hydrogen generating means, and carbon the carbon dioxide CO ₂ in the reforming decomposition technique Technology to obtain resources including oxygen (eg carbon monoxide, methane CH ₄ , methanol CH ₃ OH ₃ , dimethyl ether CH ₃ OH ₃ etc.).
* The above resource conversion means CH1 is a resource conversion means according to the technology described in Patent Document 4.
* -1 Delivered to an external facility having facilities for producing hydrogen, and are processed into hydrocarbon compounds (eg, methane CH ₄ · methanol CH ₃ OH ₃ · dimethyl ether CH ₃ OH ₃ ) at the external facility.
* -2 Water is electrolyzed by the power of an external facility equipped with power generation facilities such as solar power, wind power and wave power generation to obtain hydrogen H ₂ and its hydrogen and carbon dioxide CO ₂ hydrocarbon compounds (eg methane CH ₄ Process into methanol CH ₃ OH ₃ .Dimethylether CH ₃ OH ₃ ).
* -3 Delivered to a petroleum refinery, etc., which is discharging hydrogen H ₂ as surplus, and processing it into hydrocarbon compounds (eg methane CH ₄ · methanol CH ₃ OH ₃ · dimethyl ether CH ₃ OH ₃ ) at the petroleum refinery .
* Carbon dioxide CO ₂ recycling means CH2 is processed into hydrocarbon compounds with an external facility with a steam reforming. For example, at Chiyoda Chemical Construction Co., Ltd. (company name), ₂ CO + 2 H ₂ synthesis gas is generated by reforming carbon dioxide CO ₂ and methane CH ₄ using a precious metal catalyst (steam / CO ₂ reforming) and its technology Use.

* Carbon dioxide CO ₂ recycling means CH3, a group of Tokyo Institute of Technology Hideo Hosono Prof. Nikki invented. C12A7 Electride selectively adsorbs and decomposes carbon dioxide molecules at room temperature and uses it to decompose carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide (described later).
* 1, C12A7 electride which takes in electrons into the structure of compound 12CaO 7A ⅼ ₂ O ₃ (hereinafter referred to as C12A7) composed of lime (CaO) and alumina Al ₂ O ₃ is a molecule of carbon dioxide A decomposition technology that selectively adsorbs at room temperature and decomposes to carbon monoxide and oxygen.

* Carbon dioxide CO ₂ recycling means CH4 is a group of global carbon dioxide recycling Tohoku metal Institute et al., Sea water from hydrogen and carbon dioxide produced to produce hydrogen by electrolysis, methane at atmospheric pressure 300 ° C. Technology has been invented including the invention of the formation and the catalyst used for the formation, the electricity is generated by photovoltaic generation in deserts such as the Middle East, and the carbon dioxide is from a carbon dioxide emitting country It is procured by transportation.
* Carbon dioxide CO ₂ recycling means CH5 is cathodic reduction of carbon dioxide (JP 2018-24895) catalyst and the electrode catalyst, and a method of manufacturing an electrode catalyst, the generation of hydrogen by electrolysis of water, or carbon dioxide cathodic reduction To convert into carbon-containing substances = catalysts with a coating of copper oxide. CO ₂ + 8H ₂ + 8e ⁺ → CH ₄ + 2H ₂ O Carbon dioxide and hydrogen constitute methane.
* Carbon dioxide CO ₂ recycling means CH6 is carbon dioxide recently industrial processes have been found a method of using supercritical fluid CO ₂ as a solvent, can also take advantage of in the method.

The inert gas is introduced into the combustion nozzle of the engine combustion apparatus (Z or 2, 2a, 2ar, 2b, 2c, 2d) to control the oxygen concentration during combustion. By introducing this means, it is a means that can be used as an engine capable of burning hydrogen and oxygen as it is (or by applying heat resistant means) to a reciprocating engine, diesel engine or rotary engine currently manufactured.

1) The biggest issue is the reduction of CO ₂ emissions to cope with global warming, and by using (enriched) oxygen, it is an issue as it is an engine that does not emit nitrogen oxides “NO _x ” Since it is configured not to emit carbon dioxide, it can be used as an engine for greenhouse gas emission reduction measures, which constitutes one of the greenhouse gas reduction measures issues.
2. It is possible to obtain more compensation than methane and water supply costs by transferring hydrogen generated by reforming and carbon monoxide CO or carbon dioxide CO ₂ to a mobile gas station (or gas station). The
3. A lot of compensation can be obtained by using the form of selling electricity generated by the engine with the electricity transfer system EaST.
4. The period until the maintenance of the system to shift to the engine having hydrogen generation means ZU by providing the above inert gas mixing means The above engine should be an engine that does not discharge "CO ₂ " and "NO _X " Can do. (For example, take measures against the use of German fossil fuel combustion engines)

In the drawings, the dimensional relationships are enlarged in important parts, exaggerated in places where details are not easy to understand, and reduced when describing a wide area or a part of low importance in the present invention. Accordingly, the dimensions between the drawings and in the drawings are not to scale, and not to scale. Also, if the distance between the lines is narrow, it tends to become black and thick and one line at the stage of scanning, so either increase the distance between the lines or write as a single line. Furthermore, the basic (main) mechanism of the present invention As for the other parts, there are also parts omitted between the drawings.

An engine-combustion apparatus Z for burning oxygen and hydrogen (separated by the separator 1) (FIG. 1), which incorporates a hydrogen generation means ZU in the combustion apparatus, the combustion apparatus comprising a gas storage tank T1 and Oxygen and hydrogen are supplied from the gas storage tank T2 to the combustion nozzle 2N, ignited by the spark plug 2P and burned in the combustion chamber NE, and the combustion chamber is provided with a heat resistant structure SC receiving direct heat due to combustion. The heat resistant structure is provided with a water passage MHa for supplying water from a water tank and receiving the supplied direct heat from the above-mentioned combustion while passing the supplied water through the heat resistant structure SC and converting the water into water vapor. The steam injection nozzle Zj is provided for injecting the generated steam A into the hydrogen generation means ZU provided on the outer shell of the heat resistant structure (the outer side), and the steam A is jetted from the jet nozzle. , The water Auxiliary material (eg, heat, electricity, oxygen, hydrocarbon compound, etc.) SB supplying means for supplying an auxiliary material SB to be reacted (eg, electrolysis, steam reforming, partial oxidation reaction, etc.) by steam generation means ZU; Hydrogen that generates hydrogen or a mixed gas containing hydrogen using one or more of steam A supplied to the hydrogen generation means ZU and one or more of the supplied auxiliary materials SB (thermal, electrical, oxygen, hydrocarbon compounds, etc.) Or hydrogen is introduced by introducing mixed gas containing hydrogen or a separation device for separating hydrogen from the mixed gas containing hydrogen or hydrogen, and the separation device containing hydrogen or hydrogen into the separation device. The hydrogen is used as the fuel of the engine combustion device Z, and the steam A generated in the water passage MHa is supplied to the combustion chamber NE from the supply nozzle Zj and the supply nozzle Zj. The water vapor A absorbs the heat in the combustion chamber NE, and the water vapor Aa becomes more high heat, and the water vapor Aa is not decomposed (reformed) by the water vapor B generated by the combustion and the hydrogen generation means ZU An engine-combustion apparatus Z that burns hydrogen and generates hydrogen, comprising: an exhaust stream 5 discharged downstream as exhaust with the cracked steam STn (and uncracked steam STm).

A rotational force takeout device 3 is provided downstream of the combustion device Z, and the exhaust flow 5 is introduced into the rotational force takeout device 3 and flows through the rotational force takeout device 3 (for example, a rotary blade) to substantially straight line Electricity (or either or both) taken out by converting fluid power into rotational power is either stored in the capacitor 40, consumed as power or used as electricity, or means for generating electricity or hydrogen (4) or delivered to the electricity transfer system EaST (for example, sold to a power company)

An electric Ea / hydrogen generating means 4 is provided which receives the exhaust stream 5a flowing through the rotational force extracting device 3 and introduces the heat and water vapor of the exhaust stream 5a to generate electricity Ea · hydrogen. For example, a steam electrolyzer F1, a steam electrolyzer FS1, a steam reforming Ka1, a thermoelectric energy conversion, etc. The combination of the equipment DE, seawater freshening equipment Wa, fuel cell generator FD1, heat exchanger G, etc. (composition which can theoretically generate electricity Ea and hydrogen) heat and steam of the exhaust stream 5a, either electricity or hydrogen Hydrothermal chemistry that requires time for reforming and decomposition when the engine is used to produce one or both of them (using known technology) and furthermore, when the engine is installed on a medium- or large-sized ship (for example, 500 tons or more) or stationary configuration. Can be an electrical Ea · hydrogen generation unit 4 using a solution F2 like. It also includes using an intermediate product (for example, carbon monoxide CO, hydrogen, oxygen, electricity, etc.) generated in the generation means in addition to the heat and water vapor of the exhaust stream 5a. The steam not decomposed (or generated) by the electricity Ea / hydrogen generation means 4 is returned to the downstream (combustion chamber NE) of the electrolyzer F1 by the water vapor reheating (means) device WR (water circulation loop) Or put it back in the water tank T4.

The same components as those of the engine combustion device Z are denoted by the same reference numerals and their description is omitted, and only different parts will be described. The engine combustion apparatus 2c wherein the hydrogen generation means of the hydrogen generation means ZU is an electrolyzer F1 (FIG. 2), wherein the water vapor A is provided in the outer shell of the heat-resistant structure portion The apparatus F1 and a water injection nozzle Tj to be injected into the combustion chamber NE are provided to inject water from the injection nozzle, and from the storage battery 40 to the electrolyzer F1 (in the stationary form (for example, a power plant) engine) Good) to supply electricity Ea, and the steam A injected to the electrolyzer F1 and the supplied electricity are separated into hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolyzer F1 and taken out, and the obtained hydrogen and The heat E is introduced into the heat exchanger G3 for recovering sensible heat from oxygen (can be supplied directly to the combustion nozzle 2N), and the heat E recovered by the heat exchanger G3 is hydrogen, oxygen and monoxide in the engine combustion device 2C and thereafter. Carbon and electricity And combustion apparatus for burning hydrogen and oxygen Nikki in the form to be used as energy for obtaining any one or more of power.

The same components as those of the engine combustion device Z are denoted by the same reference numerals and their description is omitted, and only different parts will be described. An engine combustion apparatus 2b (FIG. 3) in which the hydrogen generating means of the hydrogen generating means ZU is a steam reforming unit Ka (FIG. 3), and the hydrogen reforming means ZU is provided with a steam reforming unit Ka The methane CH ₄ (hydrocarbon compound, hereinafter referred to as methane) aeration channel MC is provided in the outer shell part of the (outside) to introduce methane CH ₄ from the methane CH ₄ injection nozzle Cj into the steam reforming channel Ka The steam A is injected from the water injection nozzle Tj into the steam reforming section Ka and the combustion chamber NE provided on the outer side (outer shell) of the heat resistant structure, and the injected methane CH ₄ and the steam A are steam The reforming unit Ka is reformed into a synthesis gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide (the steam reforming unit has, for example, a honeycomb structure supporting a catalyst on an alumina carrier) The reformed hydrogen gas is separated (for example, high temperature hydrogen gas separation) Membrane (ceramic And hydrogen are separated out into hydrogen and carbon dioxide + unreformed steam STm, and carbon dioxide + unreformed steam STm is further separated to remove carbon dioxide, and uncracked steam STm joins the exhaust stream 5 and is downstream Discharged into The hydrogen taken out constitutes a cycle to be introduced to the combustion nozzle 2N as fuel (via hydrogen tank T2), and carbon dioxide is stored in a carbon dioxide tank T7 and used as a resource in carbon dioxide recycling means CH .

The carbon dioxide can be taken out in the state of carbon monoxide (without shift reaction).
As for the safety when transporting the gas, carbon dioxide may be carbon monoxide. The steam reforming section Ka is carried out with an excess of water vapor of about 2 to 5 H ₂ O / CH ₄ (molar ratio).

The hydrogen produced by the engine combustion system 2b is the hydrogen of the engine combustion system 2 or the engine combustion system 2a or the engine combustion system 2ar excluding the steam reforming section Ka of the combustion system, and the fuel of its own engine combustion system 2b The composition to self-supply hydrogen, CH ₄ + H ₂ O = CO + 3H ₂ It is this shift reaction (exothermic reaction) that CO + H ₂ O = H ₂ + CO ₂ will be generated, 4 molecules by the above heat of combustion If weak steam can be generated, and two molecules of hydrogen and two molecules of hydrogen H ₂ and one molecule of CO ₂ will be generated from two molecules of hydrogen and methane, and four molecules of hydrogen are generated, it is necessary for combustion If there is one molecule of hydrogen, there is only one combustion chamber 2b with steam reforming, and if there is one engine combustion unit 2 without steam reforming or any two or three engine combustion units 2a or 2ar with engine combustion unit 2ar It will calculate the hydrogen to be baked is ensured. Since a deficiency (unmodified content) of hydrogen less than 1 can be replenished from electricity + hydrogen generation means 4, steam reforming is performed by one engine combustion device 2b having steam reforming Ka as shown in the example of FIG. Engine CPT (complete) can be operated to operate three engine combustion devices 2 or 2a or 2ar without Ka [and, in the configuration without the above-described shift reforming, steam reforming is performed by one engine combustion device 2b having steam reforming Ka FIG. 5 shows that the engine CPT (complete) can operate two engine combustion devices 2 or 2a or 2ar without Ka.

The engine combustion chamber 2 is a schematic configuration flow diagram 6 of a combustion process of an engine in which hydrogen (H ₂ ) is continuously (intermittently) burned with (enriched) oxygen (O ₂ ). An oxygen separator is provided for separating nitrogen from air, the oxygen separator comprising an air compressor and a separator for separating air into (enriched) oxygen and nitrogen {eg membrane separator (FIG. 7)} And a stock gas tank T1 for stocking separated oxygen (riched) from the stock gas tank, which is supplied from the stock gas tank to the fuel injection nozzle 2N through the (riched) oxygen introduction pipe 3, and stores hydrogen of fuel as stock gas. The hydrogen is supplied to the fuel injection nozzle from the hydrogen storage gas tank T2 through the hydrogen introduction pipe 2 and the hydrogen and enriched oxygen of the fuel injected from the combustion nozzle to the combustion chamber NE are ignited by the spark plug 2P. Continuous burning, by the combustion Exhaust gas (mostly water vapor) is discharged as exhaust stream 5. A water passage MH is provided between the inner and outer walls (between 2G and 2U) of the above engine combustion process (outer shell), and water is introduced from the water tank to the water passage MH through the water introduction pipe 4 A plurality of injection nozzles TJ are provided on the inner wall 2U of the combustion chamber for injecting water in the water passage into the combustion chamber, and the heat absorption structure means receives the direct heat of the combustion flame by the continuous combustion of the (enriched) oxygen and hydrogen. An SC is provided at intervals in the inner central direction of the inner wall of the combustion chamber portion to protect the inner wall surface (with respect to the combustion temperature) of the combustion chamber by the combustion of hydrogen and (enriched) oxygen. The water injected into the large diameter direction surface of the structural means and into the combustion chamber of the engine and injected into the heat absorbing structural means in the combustion chamber of the engine absorbs the heat of the heat absorbing structural means SC to convert the water into water vapor Water injected into the combustion chamber NE also The heat of combustion (heat of exhaust gas) in the chamber is absorbed to convert the water into water vapor, which is used as a cooling means and water vapor generating means in the combustion chamber, and the injected water becomes water vapor and the above (enrichment) A combustion step 2 of an engine that continuously burns hydrogen and (enriched) oxygen air configured to be discharged to the exhaust gas flow path 5 together with exhaust gas generated by combustion of oxygen and hydrogen.

The combustion step 2a (FIG. 6) of the above-mentioned engine is an engine combustion apparatus for burning hydrogen (H ₂ ) with (enriched) oxygen (O ₂ ), and an oxygen separating apparatus separately supplying oxygen to the engine combustion apparatus 2a. 1, an engine-combustion apparatus 2 for sending separated oxygen (supplied in the oxygen channel 3) and hydrogen (supplied from the hydrogen tank in the hydrogen channel 2) to the combustion nozzle 2N and ignited by the spark plug 2P for burning; Water passage MH provided between inner and outer walls (between 2G and 2U) of the combustion apparatus 2 and water from the water tank T4 to the water passage MH are introduced to the water passage MH through the water passage 4 comprising a plurality of injection nozzles MJ that directly injects water Nikki water conduit is provided on the inner wall 2U the combustion chamber wall surface, the water injected from the injection nozzle MJ and steam generating means to steam a, above (enrichment) Exhaust gas produced by combustion of oxygen and hydrogen Engine combustion apparatus 2a for burning hydrogen and oxygen, characterized in that Nikki discharged steam B both become exhaust stream 5.

Heat, steam and rotational force extracting means 3 from any one or more of the engine combustion device 2 or the engine combustion device 2a or the engine combustion device 2ar or the engine combustion device 2b or the engine combustion device 2c or the engine combustion device 2d of the above engine The steam not converted (unreformed) by reforming / decomposition etc. by the electricity / hydrogen generation means 4 using a part of the generated electricity Ea is returned into the combustion chamber NE of the combustion apparatus 2a and the exhaust stream A combustion apparatus (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 11) provided with a water vapor reheating device WR which joins with No. 5 to absorb the heat of the exhaust stream 5 to obtain reheated water vapor.

FIG. 5 (B) is a schematic configuration diagram 5 (B) in which the exhaust streams 5 of the four combustion chambers are connected to one rotational force take-out device 3 downstream of the configuration described in the third embodiment. This is an example of a structure in which the exhaust flow 5 of four combustion chambers is converted into a rotational force by one engine combustion device 2b and can be commercialized in the above-mentioned form (CPT).

In the preferred moving body embodiment of the engine having the engine combustion devices 2, 2a, 2ar, 2b, 2c, 2d, the combustion device and the electric / hydrogen generating means 4 are operated under certain setting conditions to move the moving body. Such control is electricity.

The above-mentioned engine mounted equipment (aircraft, ship, railway, car, etc.) of the engine equipped with the engine of the above Examples 2 to 5 A parking lot (airport, jetty, marina, etc.) of a dock area, airfield, army base Or the like) by providing a gas station or a mobile gas station with carbon monoxide CO or carbon dioxide CO ₂ and taking it to the station to receive the supply of water and hydrocarbon compound (eg methane CH ₄ ) or by the engine A facility (electrical transfer system EaST) for taking up the generated electricity is provided to take up the electricity.
That is, at the time of moving the moving body, the engine is operated to generate hydrogen (and oxygen) of the fuel to make energy of the moving body and work is finished. Then, the moving body engine is operated to generate carbon monoxide CO Alternatively, carbon dioxide CO ₂ may be purchased at a gas station or mobile gas station to be supplied with water and a hydrocarbon compound (eg methane CH 4), or the electricity generated by the engine may be taken over (external social power energy supply The power supply to the infrastructure is used as a means for utilizing the non-operating time of the mobile body by either receiving or receiving it.
By means of such measures, it is possible to prevent cracking and the like due to fatigue of components of the engine due to repeated stopping and operation in the engine, and to extend the life of the engine, as well as by selling or using the engine product (for example, used in own factory) The cost of the engine can be depreciated quickly.

This is an example in which the hydrogen generation means ZU is a partial oxidation reaction apparatus OS (engine combustion apparatus 2d) (FIG. 10), methane CH 4 and oxygen are supplied to the hydrogen generation means and flow through the hydrogen generation means ZU The heat of steam A is supplied to the mixed gas of methane CH ₄ and oxygen via the heat-resistant heat transfer structure section SC to promote the partial oxidation reaction, the synthesis gas generated by the reaction is sent to the shift reaction section, and steam A is introduced. A structure in which hydrogen and carbon dioxide are produced, and hydrogen is separated from the produced gas by a permselective membrane.
* Partial oxidation reactor OS that reforms the heat of the heat resistant structure, the hydrocarbon compound supplied from the outside of the engine, and the oxygen supplied from the oxygen separator 1 to the outer shell (outside) of the heat resistant structure SC After the mixed gas containing hydrogen is generated, steam A is supplied to the mixed gas to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, hydrogen is separated from the generated gas, and the hydrogen taken out is extracted from the hydrogen of the fuel engine fuel. It is an engine that burns hydrogen and oxygen, which is characterized by
* Using the above hydrocarbon as the main raw material gas and water (water vapor), carbon dioxide, oxygen, etc. as the secondary raw material gas, a mixed gas containing hydrogen was generated using a chemical reaction such as partial oxidation reaction or decomposition reaction. The hydrogen generation means of the present invention is a technology for separating hydrogen from the mixed gas and taking it out by means of a selectively permeable membrane (for example, a high temperature hydrogen gas separation membrane (ceramics)) capable of selectively permeating hydrogen (after the shift reaction). As a means.

It is the scope of the present application to use any structure that can be easily conceived from the scope of the scope of claims described in the present application.

The present application is an engine that burns oxygen (enriched) separated from oxygen in air and hydrogen, and is an engine that can be widely used in industry as hydrogen fuel using water as a raw material.

An example figure (axial direction cross section figure) of combustion device Z of an engine which burns oxygen and hydrogen. FIG. 1 is an example (axial direction sectional view) of an integrated (integrated) type of steam electrolysis apparatus F1 in an engine combustion apparatus 2c that burns oxygen and hydrogen. An example figure (axial direction cross section figure) of combustion equipment 2b of an engine which changed to the above-mentioned steam electrolyzer F1 and provided steam reforming part Ka. Fuel and the schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen 4H ₂ generated by the engine combustion apparatus 2b provided with the steam reforming section Ka 4 sets of engine combustion apparatus. (A) Sectional drawing which looked at the fuel injection nozzle direction from the cross section of radial direction about the center part of the axial direction of the engine combustion apparatus 2b. (B) Sectional drawing which looked at the exhaust gas discharge port direction from the cross section of the said radial direction. (A, B, E) Longitudinal sectional view of engine combustion device 2, 2a, 2ar, (C) (D) Injection nozzle installation procedure diagram injected to the combustion chamber wall surface. From the engine combustion devices 2, 2a, 2ar to the torque takeout device 3 (via) to the electricity / hydrogen generation device 4 (via) via the steam reheating means WR, the engine combustion devices 2, 2a, Schematic of the circulation loop back into 2ar. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The schematic block diagram of the oxygen separation apparatus 1. FIG. The rotor blade sectional view showing the cooling means of the rotor blade of the above-mentioned torque extraction device 3. The schematic block diagram which provided partial oxidation reaction in the said hydrogen production means ZU part.

Claims

The engine combustion apparatus Z is provided with a configuration in which water is converted to steam by heat generated by burning oxygen and hydrogen, and the steam is reacted to generate hydrogen, and oxygen and hydrogen are supplied to the combustion nozzle 2N of the combustion apparatus Z A heat-resistant structure SC which is supplied with a spark plug 2P and ignited by a spark plug 2P and burned in a combustion chamber NE and receives direct heat from combustion provided in the combustion chamber, and water provided in the heat-resistant structure A water passage MHa which receives direct heat from the combustion to pass water while passing through the part SC, water vapor A generating means for generating water vapor A in the water passage MHa, and an outer shell of the heat resistant structure The hydrogen generation means ZU provided in the above, the supply nozzle Zj for supplying the steam A to the hydrogen generation means ZU, and the supply nozzle Zj supply the hydrogen generation means ZU with the steam in the hydrogen generation means ZU Secondary material to be reacted The auxiliary material SB supplying means for supplying B, steam A supplied to the hydrogen generation means ZU, and any one or more of the supplied auxiliary materials SB are used to generate hydrogen or a mixed gas containing hydrogen Hydrogen or hydrogen-containing mixed gas generation means, a separation device for separating hydrogen from the mixed gas, and hydrogen or a mixed gas containing hydrogen introduced into the separation device to extract hydrogen, the obtained hydrogen being obtained The feed nozzle Zj, which serves as hydrogen of the fuel of the engine combustion unit Z and supplies the steam A generated in the water passage MHa to the combustion chamber NE, and the steam A supplied from the feed nozzle Zj use heat in the combustion chamber NE. The steam Aa which absorbed heat and became further high heat and the steam Aa were discharged downstream together with the steam B generated by the above combustion and the undivided steam not decomposed by the hydrogen generation means ZU. Engine burning hydrogen and oxygen to the exhaust stream 5, wherein the engine combustion device Z for generating combustion by hydrogen hydrogen Nikki comprise issued.
The exhaust flow 5a flowing through the rotational force extracting device 3 is provided in the heat-resistant structural portion SC, and the exhaust flow 5 from the combustion device Z flows through the rotational force extracting device 3 provided downstream of the engine combustion device Z. The exhaust flow 5a is returned to the water flow passage MHa by providing means R1 to return the water flow passage MHa to the holding water passage MHa, and the return device is further provided to the combustion device 2, 2a. An engine for burning hydrogen and oxygen, characterized in that the exhaust gas flowed through 3 is returned to the combustion chamber NE as means R2.
A rotary wing body 3a of the rotational force output device 3, which converts the substantially linear exhaust flow of the exhaust flow 5 into a rotational force, and one rotary shaft for taking out the rotational force of the rotary wing body 3a. 3c, the other rotating shaft 3c1 of the rotating shaft 3c, the outer shell 3d of the rotating force output device 3, and the other rotating shaft 3c1 from the end of the other rotating shaft 3c1 and through the rotating wing 3a It is equipped with a water passage 3MH leading to the outside of the wing body 3a, and water is introduced into the water passage 3MH and passes through the water passage. Device 3 An engine that burns hydrogen and oxygen, characterized in that it is a rotational power take-out device 3 having cooling means for the rotor blade 3a, which is discharged downstream as an exhaust stream 5a after flowing through.
The electric and hydrogen generating means 4 is for generating the electricity & hydrogen by introducing the exhaust gas flow 5a which has flowed through the rotational power takeout device 3 of the engine equipped with any of the engine combustion devices 2, 2a, 2ar, Z The steam electrolyzer F1 or the steam electrolyzer FS1 using as a material one or more of heat, steam and electricity Ea extracted from the exhaust stream 5a introduced into the means and electricity Ea and seawater taken out by the rotational force extractor 3; Device SY to extract hydrogen with metal oxide and metal hydroxide catalyst and steam, or steam reforming device Ka1, hydrothermal decomposition F2 or thermoelectric energy conversion device DE, heat exchanger G or fuel cell generator FD1 Either or both of the electric and hydrogen are generated by using or combining any one or more devices of the seawater desalination device Wa, and the above-mentioned engine combustion device 2, depending on the amount of the generated hydrogen, An engine that burns hydrogen and oxygen, which further generates electricity from a plurality of engines operated by operating a plurality of engines having 2a and 2ar.
The engine having the hydrogen generating means ZU is operated, and the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generating means ZU is not divided into the engine and the engine combustion device 2 having no hydrogen generating means ZU, and a plurality of combustion devices of either 2a or 2ar Hydrogen to be operated as one unit, and one engine having hydrogen generation means ZU and multiple engines not having hydrogen generation means ZU to generate either electricity or motive power in all engines operated and operated An engine that burns hydrogen and oxygen, which is characterized by a man.
The electricity generated by the engine is stored in the storage battery 40 and used as mobile power of the mobile unit, and there is a delivery form of either surplus electricity or electricity generated by the operation of the engine when the mobile unit is not moving. An engine that burns hydrogen and oxygen, which is characterized as being an electrical delivery system EaST.
A means is provided for adding combustion gas supplied to the engine equipped with the engine combustion device Z to oxygen and hydrogen and mixing an inert gas, and as a means for controlling the flame center temperature in the combustion device to lower it. An engine that burns hydrogen and oxygen.
A means is provided for supplying the combustion gas supplied to the engine to either a reciprocating engine, a rotary engine or a diesel engine and collecting the inert gas from the exhaust gas of the engine to collect the inert gas. An engine that burns hydrogen and oxygen, which is characterized by