WO2019128363A1 - 一种tmcp型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种tmcp型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2019128363A1
WO2019128363A1 PCT/CN2018/108997 CN2018108997W WO2019128363A1 WO 2019128363 A1 WO2019128363 A1 WO 2019128363A1 CN 2018108997 W CN2018108997 W CN 2018108997W WO 2019128363 A1 WO2019128363 A1 WO 2019128363A1
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composite
stainless steel
rolling
substrate
composite board
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PCT/CN2018/108997
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王从道
党军
曾周燏
李东晖
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南京钢铁股份有限公司
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Priority to KR1020207021298A priority Critical patent/KR20200103062A/ko
Publication of WO2019128363A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019128363A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/16—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts, e.g. material for absorbing or producing gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of bimetal composite manufacturing, and in particular relates to a preparation method of a TMCP type marine duplex stainless steel composite board.
  • stainless steel clad plates are produced by explosion and rolling methods.
  • the explosion method is not a sustainable composite board preparation technology because of its high noise, pollution to the environment, and greater weather impact.
  • the rolling method adopts the method of high-temperature rolling, and utilizes the diffusion between atoms to achieve a good metallurgical combination of the composite material and the substrate.
  • the composite board produced by the same can be flexibly adjusted, and is a green and environmentally sustainable production process. . Therefore, the production of composite panels by rolling will be a trend in the future.
  • the existing marine composite panels are generally produced by the explosion method, which has a long construction period and insufficient batch production capacity.
  • marine duplex stainless steel composite panels are rarely reported in public reports, and duplex stainless steels need to be disposed of offline, with long process and manufacturing cost. high.
  • the vacuum rolling method is used to produce marine dual-phase stainless steel composite board by on-line process, which ensures that the composite board has better performance matching and lower production cost.
  • the use of vacuum rolling to produce composite panels has better advantages than existing conventional processes.
  • the traditional blanking process is mainly carried out by sealing and welding, then drilling and vacuuming, and the blanking is carried out by the method of sealing and welding. The process is cumbersome and mainly completed by manual operation, and the rolling is successful.
  • the rate has a certain impact.
  • the new type of blanking method adopted at present is to directly weld the blank by electron beam in a vacuum environment, eliminating the need for drilling and vacuuming after sealing and welding, such as Patent Publication No. CN102069289A, "Preparation Method of a Stainless Steel-Carbon Steel Composite Plate” It is this way of publicity that guarantees the vacuum of the composite blanks and ensures the subsequent processing and metallurgical bonding.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a method for preparing a TMCP type marine duplex stainless steel composite board, which is a low carbon design marine steel by adding a seal in a vacuum environment.
  • a good metallurgical combination of marine duplex stainless steel clad plate is prepared by means of electron beam welding of the seal to the substrate, and the substrate double in the composite plate is effectively solved.
  • a method for preparing a TMCP type marine duplex stainless steel composite board comprises the following steps:
  • the release agent the side of the two composite materials that are in contact with each other, that is, the unpolished surface is coated with a release agent, the release agent is evenly coated, the surface smoothness is uniform, and the drying treatment is performed;
  • the use should meet the requirements for the use of the product, the amount of the release agent should be fully guaranteed, and the commonly used release agents mainly include silicone release agents, alumina/magnesia type release agents, etc.;
  • Blank seal The substrate and the composite material are stacked in turn to form a composite blank, which is a substrate, a composite material, a composite material, and a substrate from bottom to bottom, and the composite material is smaller than the substrate, and the composite blank is sealed by a seal.
  • the surrounding grooves are well packaged, and the seals are made of common carbon steel;
  • Electron beam sealing welding the assembled composite blank is sent to the vacuum chamber, and then the vacuum chamber is evacuated. When the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber reaches 10 ⁇ 10 -2 Pa or less, the seal and the composite blank are vacuum electron beam. Welding between the gaps;
  • Heating the composite blank is sent to the heating furnace for heating, the heating temperature is 1150-1250 ° C, the total heating time is controlled according to the thickness of the composite blank at 8-15 min/cm, and the tapping temperature is controlled at 1200 ° C - 1210 ° C;
  • Rolling and cooling rolling is carried out by TMCP process.
  • the compression ratio in the rough rolling stage is ⁇ 2.0
  • the thickness of the intermediate blank is 1.5-3.0 times of the total thickness of the rolling
  • the finishing rolling temperature is 950-1050 °C.
  • Temperature control ⁇ 920 ° C; using fast-paced rolling, rolling speed 2m / s -3m / s, to ensure rolling temperature; high-speed steel throwing after rolling, composite plate directly into the ultra-quick cooling device to 10-20 ° C / s
  • the speed of the line is quenched, and the final cooling temperature is 400-500 ° C;
  • Cutting sub-board cutting the composite board by plasma or flame cutting method, after cutting the head, tail and cutting, separating the upper and lower two single-sided composite boards between the two composite materials, and then on one side The composite board is straightened, and after surface grinding, performance testing, and packaging treatment, the single-sided composite board is finally obtained as a duplex stainless steel composite board product.
  • the method for preparing the TMCP type marine duplex stainless steel composite board wherein the substrate material in the step (1) is a low carbon marine steel, and the chemical composition thereof is C ⁇ 0.18%, Si ⁇ 0.50%, Mn: 0.90-1.60%, P ⁇ 0.035%, S ⁇ 0.035%, Nb: 0.020-0.050%, V: 0.050-0.10%, Ti ⁇ 0.020%, Alt: 0.015-0.035%, Cr ⁇ 0.20%, Ni ⁇ 0.30% , Cu ⁇ 0.35%, the balance is Fe and a small amount of unavoidable impurities.
  • the method for preparing the TMCP type marine duplex stainless steel composite board wherein the composite material in the step (1) is austenitic + ferrite type duplex stainless steel, and the chemical composition thereof is by weight: C ⁇ 0.030, Si ⁇ 1.00, Mn ⁇ 2.00, P ⁇ 0.030, S ⁇ 0.020%, Ni: 4.50-6.50%, Mo: 3.00-3.50%, Cr: 22.0-23.0%, N: 01.4-0.20%, the balance is Fe and a small amount Inevitable impurities.
  • the above-mentioned TMCP type marine duplex stainless steel composite board preparation method wherein the duplex stainless steel composite board product in the step (9) has a total thickness of 10-60 mm and a composite material thickness of 1.0-6.0 mm.
  • the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the substrate of the invention adopts low-carbon design marine steel, and the prepared marine duplex stainless steel composite plate has low carbon equivalent of the substrate, can be directly welded without preheating, and is convenient for on-site construction; (2) The invention directly seals the welding in the vacuum chamber environment, reduces the drilling and vacuuming processes of the traditional process, and the vacuum degree is more guaranteed; (3) The invention adopts the on-line quenching process through the TMCP process, replacing the traditional offline The technology ensures the corrosion resistance and structure of the duplex stainless steel of the composite material, and at the same time ensures the toughness performance of the marine steel for the substrate, and the rapid cooling after rolling, and the maximum influence on the corrosion resistance of the composite duplex stainless steel is controlled.
  • a large amount of precipitation of ⁇ precipitates ensures good corrosion resistance of the composite material, and the composite board can obtain good comprehensive performance without heat treatment;
  • the marine duplex stainless steel composite board developed by the invention can be used as a chemical
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a composite blank of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a microstructural view of the interface of the composite panel according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • a DH36 steel having a substrate thickness of 94 mm is selected, the chemical composition is shown in Table 1, the S22053 duplex stainless steel having a thickness of 16 mm, and the S22053+DH36 composite plate having a thickness of 4+24 mm.
  • One of the two DH36 substrate blanks and two S22053 composite blanks were ground to completely expose the surface to fresh metal. Apply a release agent to the unpolished surface of the composite material and dry the release agent. Fixing the seal on the four peripheral parts of the polished surface of one of the substrates; stacking the non-composite surfaces of the two composite materials, placing them in the groove surrounded by the seal, and then placing the other substrate on the composite side facing down, covering On the top of the two composite materials, at the same time, the four sides of the upper and lower substrates are ensured to be flush with the outer edges of the seals to form a composite blank to be sealed.
  • the assembled composite blank is sent to a vacuum chamber, and then the vacuum chamber is evacuated. When the vacuum chamber vacuum reaches 6 ⁇ 10 -2 Pa, the gap between the seal and the substrate is welded by an electron beam to obtain a total thickness. It is a 220mm composite billet.
  • the composite blank was sent to a step furnace for heating, and the heating temperature was 1220 ° C, and the total heating time was 235 min.
  • the TMCP process is used for rolling and in-line quenching process cooling.
  • the thickness of the intermediate blank is 88 mm
  • the finishing rolling temperature is 1000 ° C
  • the finishing temperature is 980 ° C.
  • the cooling rate is 18 ° C / s; the red return temperature is 420 ° C.
  • the composite plate is straightened, 300°C is laid, the head is cut, the tail is cut, and the two sides are cut.
  • the upper and lower single-layer composite plates are separated, and the single-layer composite plate is straightened, and the surface of the composite material is polished to obtain the finished product thickness. +24mm S22053+DH36 composite board product.
  • the interface microstructure of the composite plate is shown in Fig. 1. As can be seen, no unbonded area is found between the duplex stainless steel and the marine steel, and the composite plate achieves good metallurgical bonding.
  • DH36 steel with a thickness of 58.5 mm of substrate blank is selected.
  • the chemical composition is shown in Table 1.
  • the S22053 duplex stainless steel with a thickness of 16 mm is rolled, and the S22053+DH36 composite plate with a thickness of 3.2+12 mm is rolled.
  • One of the two DH36 substrate blanks and two S22053 composite blanks were ground to completely expose the surface to fresh metal. Apply a release agent to the unpolished surface of the composite material and dry the release agent. Fixing the seal on the four peripheral parts of the polished surface of one of the substrates; stacking the non-composite surfaces of the two composite materials, placing them in the groove surrounded by the seal, and then placing the other substrate on the composite side facing down, covering On the top of the two composite materials, at the same time, the four sides of the upper and lower substrates are ensured to be flush with the outer edges of the seals to form a composite blank to be sealed.
  • the assembled composite blank is sent to a vacuum chamber, and then the vacuum chamber is evacuated. When the vacuum chamber vacuum reaches 6 ⁇ 10 -2 Pa, the gap between the seal and the substrate is welded by an electron beam to obtain a total thickness. It is a 149mm composite billet.
  • the composite blank was sent to a step-type heating furnace for heating at a temperature of 1210 ° C for a total heating time of 215 min.
  • the TMCP process is used for rolling and in-line quenching process cooling.
  • the thickness of the intermediate blank is 60 mm
  • the finishing rolling temperature is 1020 ° C
  • the finishing temperature is 935 ° C.
  • the cooling rate is 15 ° C / s; the red return temperature is 460 ° C.
  • the composite plate is straightened, 300°C is laid, the head is cut, the tail is cut, and the two sides are cut.
  • the upper and lower single-layer composite plates are separated, and the single-layer composite plate is straightened, and the surface of the composite material is polished to obtain a finished product thickness of 3.2. +12mm S22053+DH36 composite board product.
  • a DH36 steel having a thickness of 118 mm of a base material is selected, and the chemical composition is shown in Table 1.
  • the S22053 duplex stainless steel having a thickness of 20 mm of the composite material is rolled, and the S22053+DH36 composite plate having a thickness of 5.0+30 mm is rolled.
  • One of the two DH36 substrate blanks and two S22053 composite blanks were ground to completely expose the surface to fresh metal. Apply a release agent to the unpolished surface of the composite material and dry the release agent. Fixing the seal on the four peripheral parts of the polished surface of one of the substrates; stacking the non-composite surfaces of the two composite materials, placing them in the groove surrounded by the seal, and then placing the other substrate on the composite side facing down, covering On the top of the two composite materials, at the same time, the four sides of the upper and lower substrates are ensured to be flush with the outer edges of the seals to form a composite blank to be sealed.
  • the assembled composite blank is sent to a vacuum chamber, and then the vacuum chamber is evacuated. When the vacuum chamber vacuum reaches 6 ⁇ 10 -2 Pa, the gap between the seal and the substrate is welded by an electron beam to obtain a total thickness. It is a 276mm composite billet.
  • the composite blank was sent to a step furnace for heating, the heating temperature was 1230 ° C, and the total heating time was 275 min.
  • the TMCP process is used for rolling and in-line quenching process cooling.
  • the thickness of the intermediate blank is 100 mm
  • the finishing rolling temperature is 1010 ° C
  • the finishing temperature is 1005 ° C.
  • the cooling rate is 17 ° C / s; the red return temperature is 445 ° C.
  • the composite plate is straightened, 300°C is laid, the head is cut, the tail is cut and the two sides are cut.
  • the upper and lower single-layer composite plates are separated, and the single-layer composite plate is straightened, and the surface of the composite material is polished to obtain a finished product thickness of 5.0. +30mm S22053+DH36 composite board product.
  • DH36 steel with a thickness of 78 mm of substrate blank is selected.
  • the chemical composition is shown in Table 1.
  • the S22053 duplex stainless steel with a thickness of 20 mm is rolled, and the S22053+DH36 composite plate with a thickness of 2.5+10 mm is rolled.
  • One of the two DH36 substrate blanks and two S22053 composite blanks were ground to completely expose the surface to fresh metal. Apply a release agent to the unpolished surface of the composite material and dry the release agent. Fixing the seal on the four peripheral parts of the polished surface of one of the substrates; stacking the non-composite surfaces of the two composite materials, placing them in the groove surrounded by the seal, and then placing the other substrate on the composite side facing down, covering On the top of the two composite materials, at the same time, the four sides of the upper and lower substrates are ensured to be flush with the outer edges of the seals to form a composite blank to be sealed.
  • the assembled composite blank is sent to a vacuum chamber, and then the vacuum chamber is evacuated. When the vacuum chamber vacuum reaches 6 ⁇ 10-2 Pa, the gap between the seal and the substrate is welded by an electron beam to obtain a total thickness of 196m composite billet.
  • the composite blank was sent to a step furnace for heating, and the heating temperature was 1210 ° C, and the total heating time was 225 min.
  • the TMCP process is used for rolling and in-line quenching process cooling.
  • the thickness of the intermediate blank is 70 mm
  • the finishing rolling temperature is 1020 ° C
  • the finishing temperature is 930 ° C.
  • the cooling rate is 14 ° C / s; the red return temperature is 475 ° C.
  • the composite plate is straightened, 300°C is laid, the head is cut, the tail is cut and the two sides are cut.
  • the upper and lower single-layer composite plates are separated, and the single-layer composite plate is straightened, and the surface of the composite material is polished to obtain a finished product thickness of 2.5. +10mm S22053+DH36 composite board product.
  • Table 1 Composition of steel grades of the examples of the invention:
  • Table 3 shows the pitting resistance of the finished composite sheet of the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that the corrosion rate is at an extremely low level.

Abstract

一种TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法，通过坯料选取、表面处理、隔离剂涂刷、组坯、电子束封焊、加热、轧制、在线淬火、矫直及切割分板等步骤制备出良好冶金结合、优良耐腐蚀性能及结构强度的船用双相不锈钢复合板。该方法通过TMCP工艺，保证基材船板的良好的力学性能，轧后的快速在线淬火冷却，控制复材的不利析出相析出，同时以在线工艺取代保证了复材良好耐蚀性；基材采用低碳设计坯料，所制备的复合板，基材碳当量低，焊接性能良好，便于现场施工；另外，复合板不需要热处理，即可获得良好的综合性能。

Description

一种TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于双金属复合制造技术领域，具体地说涉及一种TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法。
背景技术
近年来，国内建造化学品船的数量逐渐增多，建造化学品船液货舱的关键技术之一是液货舱内衬材料的选用，良好的耐化学腐蚀性能是选材的重要条件。所以其液货舱和液货管绝大部分采用不锈钢建造，为了确保耐腐蚀性、焊接性和经济性，通常选用的不锈钢有316L(00Cr17Ni14Mo2)、304L(0Cr18Ni9)及2205双相不锈钢(22Cr23Ni5Mo3N)。其中双相不锈钢的应用更加得到重视，因为双相不锈钢有着结构强度与更优于普通奥氏体不锈钢的耐蚀性能，其在化学品船运输广泛应用是一种趋势。
随着造船行业的竞争压力加剧，制造成本降低与使用性能提升这两个对立的矛盾限制了单纯的双相不锈钢在化学品船上的应用，这就迫切需要找到一种新材料来进行替代，兼顾产品质量又能大幅减低制造成本。而船用双相不锈钢对复合板的研制与开发满足了这种技术及市场需求，有效地解决了这种难题，不仅保证了双相不锈钢优良的耐腐蚀性能与结构性能；也可以选择性的进行成本降低。由于采用最新的复合板技术，减少了双相不锈钢的使用量，极大降低了造船业的运行成本，市场前景较好。
一般情况下，不锈钢复合板有爆炸法和轧制法生产。爆炸法由于噪音大，对环境存有污染，且受天气的影响较大，不是一种可持续的复合板制备技术。轧制法是采用高温轧制的方式，利用原子间的扩散使复材和基材实现良好的冶金结合，其生产的复合板，板幅可灵活调整，是一种绿色环保可持续的生产工艺。因此，采用轧制法生产复合板将是未来发展的趋势。
目前，现有船用复合板，一般采用爆炸法生产，其工期长且批量生产能力不足；另外船 用双相不锈钢复合板很少见于公开报道，且双相不锈钢需要离线处理，工序较长，制造成本高。基于此，采用真空轧制法，利用在线工艺生产船用双相不锈钢复合板，保证该复合板具有较好的性能匹配及较低生产成本。此外，采用真空轧制法生产复合板，较现有传统工艺有着较好的优势。传统组坯工艺主要通过封焊四周，然后钻孔再抽真空的方法进行组坯，因该法需要封焊后再钻孔抽真空，工艺较为繁琐，且主要靠人工操作完成，对轧制成功率有一定影响。而目前采取的新型组坯方式是在真空环境下电子束直接焊接组坯，省去了封焊后钻孔抽真空过程，如专利公开号CN102069289A《一种不锈钢-碳钢复合板的制备方法》公开的正是采用这种方式，保证了所组复合坯的真空度，保证后续加工及冶金结合等性能。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，克服现有技术的缺点，提出一种TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法，，所用基材为低碳设计的船用钢，通过添加封条，在真空环境下利用电子束将封条与基材焊接的方式组坯，再经TMCP工艺轧制及在线淬火冷却工艺，制备出良好冶金结合的船用双相不锈钢复合板，有效地解决了复合板中基材双相不锈钢在线工艺耐蚀性能的问题，同时制坯过程减少了钻孔抽真空等工序，工艺简单，且轧制成功率高。
本发明解决以上技术问题的技术方案是：
一种TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(一)坯料准备：准备两块基材和两块复材，根据成品复合板的钢种及规格，确定基材和复材钢种及规格；
(二)表面修磨：将两块基材和两块复材的其中一个表面，即基材和复材相接触的表面均进行修磨，使表面完全露出金属；
(三)隔离剂涂刷：在两块复材的相接触的那一面，即未打磨的表面均涂刷隔离剂，隔离剂涂刷均匀，表面光滑度一致，并进行烘干处理；隔离剂使用应符合该产品使用要求，隔离剂 使用量要充分保证，常用的隔离剂主要有有机硅隔离剂、氧化铝/氧化镁型隔离剂等；
(四)组坯封条：将基材和复材依次堆放形成复合坯，从下至下依次为基材、复材、复材、基材，复材尺寸小于基材，并采用封条将复合坯四周凹槽封装好，封条选用常用碳钢材质；
(五)电子束封焊：将组好的复合坯送至真空室，然后对真空室抽真空，待真空室真空度达到10×10 -2Pa以下时，采用真空电子束将封条与复合坯之间的缝隙进行焊接；
(六)加热：将复合坯送至加热炉加热，加热温度1150-1250℃，加热总时间按复合坯厚度以8-15min/cm的时间控制，出钢温度控制在1200℃-1210℃；
(七)轧制与冷却：采用TMCP工艺进行轧制，粗轧阶段的压缩比≥2.0，中间坯厚度是轧制总厚度的1.5-3.0倍，精轧开轧温度950-1050℃，终轧温度控制≥920℃；采用快节奏轧制，轧制速度2m/s-3m/s，保证轧制温度；轧制后高速抛钢，复合板直接进入超快冷装置以10-20℃/s的速度在线淬火，终冷温度为400-500℃；
(八)矫直：对轧制后的钢板进行矫直处理，矫直后上冷床冷却，待表面温度降至300℃以下时即可下线；
(九)切割分板：采用等离子或火焰切割方式对复合板进行切割，经切头、尾及切两边后，在两块复材之间将上下两张单面复合板分离，再对单面复合板进行矫直处理，经表面打磨、性能检测、打包处理后，最终获得单面复合板为双相不锈钢复合板产品。
本发明进一步限定的技术方案是：
前述的TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法，其中步骤(一)中的基材坯料采用低碳船用钢，其化学成分按重量百分比为：C≤0.18％，Si≤0.50％，Mn：0.90-1.60％，P≤0.035％，S≤0.035％，Nb：0.020-0.050％，V：0.050-0.10％，Ti≤0.020％，Alt：0.015-0.035％，Cr≤0.20％，Ni≤0.30％，Cu≤0.35％，余量为Fe及少量不可避免的杂质。
前述的TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法，其中步骤(一)中的复材坯料为奥氏体+铁素体型的双相不锈钢，其化学成分按重量百分比为：C≤0.030，Si≤1.00，Mn≤2.00，P≤0.030，S≤0.020％，Ni：4.50-6.50％，Mo：3.00-3.50％，Cr：22.0-23.0％，N：01.4-0.20％，余量为Fe及少量不可避免的杂质。
前述的TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法，其中步骤(九)中的双相不锈钢复合板产品，其总厚度为10-60mm，其复材厚度为1.0-6.0mm。
前述的TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法，其中步骤(四)中，封条采用碳钢材质。
本发明的有益效果是：(1)本发明基材采用低碳设计的船用钢，所制备的船用双相不锈钢复合板，其基材碳当量低，不预热可直接焊接，便于现场施工；(2)本发明在真空室环境下直接封焊，减少了传统工艺的钻孔、抽真空等工序，真空度更有保障；(3)本发明通过TMCP工艺，采取在线淬火工艺，取代传统离线工艺，保证复材双相不锈钢的耐蚀性能及结构度，同时保证基材船用钢具有一定的韧性的性能，同时轧后的快速冷却，控制复材双相不锈钢中对耐蚀性能影响最大的δ析出物的大量析出，保证了复材的良好耐蚀性，另外复合板不需要热处理，即可获得良好的综合性能；(4)本发明开发的船用双相不锈钢复合板，可以作为化学品船单纯不锈钢的替代产品，在满足其实用心要求的同时，也极高的节约了造船企业的成本，具有极高的市场效益。
附图说明
图1为本发明复合坯的结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例1的复合板界面显微组织图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例选择基材坯料厚度94mm的DH36钢种，化学成分见表1，复材坯料厚度为 16mm的S22053双相不锈钢，轧制成品厚度为4+24mm的S22053+DH36复合板。
两块DH36基材坯料和两块S22053复材坯料的其中一个表面进行修磨，使表面完全露出新鲜金属。对复材未打磨表面涂刷隔离剂，烘干隔离剂。对其中一块基材已打磨表面的四周边部点焊固定封条；将两块复材的非复合面叠合，放置在封条围成的槽内，再将另一块基材复合面朝下，盖在两块复材的上面，同时保证上下基材四侧边与封条外边平齐，组成一个待封焊的复合坯。将组好的复合坯送至真空室，然后对真空室抽真空，待真空室真空度达到6×10 -2Pa时，采用电子束将封条与基材之间的缝隙进行焊接，得到总厚度为220mm复合坯。
将复合坯送至步进式加热炉加热，加热温度1220℃，加热总时间235min。采用TMCP工艺进行轧制与在线淬火工艺冷却，中间坯厚度为88mm，精轧开轧温度1000℃，终轧温度980℃。轧后直接进入超快冷快速冷却，冷却速率18℃/s；返红温度420℃。轧后复合板矫直、300℃下线、切头、尾及切两边后，上下两张单层复合板分离，对单层复合板进行矫直，对复材表面打磨，最终获得成品厚度4+24mm的S22053+DH36复合板产品。
复合板的界面显微组织图如图1所示，如图可知，双相不锈钢与船用钢之间未发现未结合区域，复合板实现良好的冶金结合。
实施例2
本实施例选择基材坯料厚度58.5mm的DH36钢种，化学成分见表1，复材坯料厚度为16mm的S22053双相不锈钢，轧制成品厚度为3.2+12mm的S22053+DH36复合板。
两块DH36基材坯料和两块S22053复材坯料的其中一个表面进行修磨，使表面完全露出新鲜金属。对复材未打磨表面涂刷隔离剂，烘干隔离剂。对其中一块基材已打磨表面的四周边部点焊固定封条；将两块复材的非复合面叠合，放置在封条围成的槽内，再将另一块基材复合面朝下，盖在两块复材的上面，同时保证上下基材四侧边与封条外边平齐，组成一个 待封焊的复合坯。将组好的复合坯送至真空室，然后对真空室抽真空，待真空室真空度达到6×10 -2Pa时，采用电子束将封条与基材之间的缝隙进行焊接，得到总厚度为149mm复合坯。
将复合坯送至步进式加热炉加热，加热温度1210℃，加热总时间215min。采用TMCP工艺进行轧制与在线淬火工艺冷却，中间坯厚度为60mm，精轧开轧温度1020℃，终轧温度935℃。轧后直接进入超快冷快速冷却，冷却速率15℃/s；返红温度460℃。轧后复合板矫直、300℃下线、切头、尾及切两边后，上下两张单层复合板分离，对单层复合板进行矫直，对复材表面打磨，最终获得成品厚度3.2+12mm的S22053+DH36复合板产品。
实施例3
本实施例选择基材坯料厚度118mm的DH36钢种，化学成分见表1，复材坯料厚度为20mm的S22053双相不锈钢，轧制成品厚度为5.0+30mm的S22053+DH36复合板。
两块DH36基材坯料和两块S22053复材坯料的其中一个表面进行修磨，使表面完全露出新鲜金属。对复材未打磨表面涂刷隔离剂，烘干隔离剂。对其中一块基材已打磨表面的四周边部点焊固定封条；将两块复材的非复合面叠合，放置在封条围成的槽内，再将另一块基材复合面朝下，盖在两块复材的上面，同时保证上下基材四侧边与封条外边平齐，组成一个待封焊的复合坯。将组好的复合坯送至真空室，然后对真空室抽真空，待真空室真空度达到6×10 -2Pa时，采用电子束将封条与基材之间的缝隙进行焊接，得到总厚度为276mm复合坯。
将复合坯送至步进式加热炉加热，加热温度1230℃，加热总时间275min。采用TMCP工艺进行轧制与在线淬火工艺冷却，中间坯厚度为100mm，精轧开轧温度1010℃，终轧温度1005℃。轧后直接进入超快冷快速冷却，冷却速率17℃/s；返红温度445℃。轧后复合板矫直、300℃下线、切头、尾及切两边后，上下两张单层复合板分离，对单层复合板进行 矫直，对复材表面打磨，最终获得成品厚度5.0+30mm的S22053+DH36复合板产品。
实施例4
本实施例选择基材坯料厚度78mm的DH36钢种，化学成分见表1，复材坯料厚度为20mm的S22053双相不锈钢，轧制成品厚度为2.5+10mm的S22053+DH36复合板。
两块DH36基材坯料和两块S22053复材坯料的其中一个表面进行修磨，使表面完全露出新鲜金属。对复材未打磨表面涂刷隔离剂，烘干隔离剂。对其中一块基材已打磨表面的四周边部点焊固定封条；将两块复材的非复合面叠合，放置在封条围成的槽内，再将另一块基材复合面朝下，盖在两块复材的上面，同时保证上下基材四侧边与封条外边平齐，组成一个待封焊的复合坯。将组好的复合坯送至真空室，然后对真空室抽真空，待真空室真空度达到6×10-2Pa时，采用电子束将封条与基材之间的缝隙进行焊接，得到总厚度为196m复合坯。
将复合坯送至步进式加热炉加热，加热温度1210℃，加热总时间225min。采用TMCP工艺进行轧制与在线淬火工艺冷却，中间坯厚度为70mm，精轧开轧温度1020℃，终轧温度930℃。轧后直接进入超快冷快速冷却，冷却速率14℃/s；返红温度475℃。轧后复合板矫直、300℃下线、切头、尾及切两边后，上下两张单层复合板分离，对单层复合板进行矫直，对复材表面打磨，最终获得成品厚度2.5+10mm的S22053+DH36复合板产品。
表1本发明实施例钢种的成分：
Figure PCTCN2018108997-appb-000001
表2本发明实施例复合板成品的性能(满足复合板相关标准要求)
Figure PCTCN2018108997-appb-000002
表3本发明实施例复合板成品的耐点蚀性能，可以看出，其腐蚀速率处于一个极低的水平。
Figure PCTCN2018108997-appb-000003
除上述实施例外，本发明还可以有其他实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求的保护范围。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    (一)坯料准备：准备两块基材和两块复材，根据成品复合板的钢种及规格，确定基材和复材钢种及规格；
    (二)表面修磨：将两块基材和两块复材的其中一个表面，即基材和复材相接触的表面均进行修磨，使表面完全露出金属；
    (三)隔离剂涂刷：在两块复材的相接触的那一面，即未打磨的表面均涂刷隔离剂，隔离剂涂刷均匀，表面光滑度一致，并进行烘干处理；
    (四)组坯封条：将基材和复材依次堆放形成复合坯，从下至下依次为基材、复材、复材、基材，复材尺寸小于基材，并采用封条将复合坯四周凹槽封装好，封条选用常用碳钢材质；
    (五)电子束封焊：将组好的复合坯送至真空室，然后对真空室抽真空，待真空室真空度达到10×10 -2Pa以下时，采用真空电子束将封条与复合坯之间的缝隙进行焊接；
    (六)加热：将复合坯送至加热炉加热，加热温度1150-1250℃，加热总时间按复合坯厚度以8-15min/cm的时间控制，出钢温度控制在1200-1210℃；
    (七)轧制与冷却：采用TMCP工艺进行轧制，粗轧阶段的压缩比≥2.0，中间坯厚度是轧制总厚度的1.5-3.0倍，精轧开轧温度950-1050℃，终轧温度控制≥920℃；采用快节奏轧制，轧制速度2m/s-3m/s，保证轧制温度；轧制后高速抛钢，复合板直接进入超快冷装置以10-20℃/s的速度在线淬火，终冷温度为400-500℃；
    (八)矫直：对轧制后的钢板进行矫直处理，矫直后上冷床冷却，待表面温度降至300℃以下时即可下线；
    (九)切割分板：采用等离子或火焰切割方式对复合板进行切割，经切头、尾及切两边后，在两块复材之间将上下两张单面复合板分离，再对单面复合板进行矫直处理，经表面打磨、性能检测、打包处理后，最终获得单面复合板为双相不锈钢复合板产品。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(一)中的基材坯料采用低碳船用钢，其化学成分按重量百分比为：C≤0.18％，Si≤0.50％，Mn：0.90-1.60％，P≤0.035％，S≤0.035％，Nb：0.020-0.050％，V：0.050-0.10％，Ti≤0.020％，Alt：0.015-0.035％，Cr≤0.20％，Ni≤0.30％，Cu≤0.35％，余量为Fe及少量不可避免的杂质。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(一)中的复材坯料为奥氏体+铁素体型的双相不锈钢，其化学成分按重量百分比为：C≤0.030，Si≤1.00，Mn≤2.00，P≤0.030，S≤0.020％，Ni：4.50-6.50％，Mo：3.00-3.50％，Cr：22.0-23.0％，N：01.4-0.20％，余量为Fe及少量不可避免的杂质。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(九)中的双相不锈钢复合板产品，其总厚度为10-60mm，其复材厚度为1.0-6.0mm。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的TMCP型船用双相不锈钢复合板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(四)中，封条采用碳钢材质。
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