WO2019121080A1 - Procédé pour la détermination d'une température d'un moteur pour un véhicule à moteur - Google Patents

Procédé pour la détermination d'une température d'un moteur pour un véhicule à moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019121080A1
WO2019121080A1 PCT/EP2018/084088 EP2018084088W WO2019121080A1 WO 2019121080 A1 WO2019121080 A1 WO 2019121080A1 EP 2018084088 W EP2018084088 W EP 2018084088W WO 2019121080 A1 WO2019121080 A1 WO 2019121080A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
vibration
engine
value
determined
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/084088
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lanouar Chouk
Gunther Goetting
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2019121080A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019121080A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/60—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive
    • H02P29/66—Controlling or determining the temperature of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/60—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive

Definitions

  • Integrated powertrain This can be done, for example, as in hybrid vehicles in addition to an internal combustion engine.
  • an electric motor serves as the sole drive.
  • the electrical machines used are regularly designed so that they meet the required torque-speed profile without excess
  • Control parameters it is therefore important to know the relevant machine temperatures exactly.
  • the determination of the temperature of the rotating rotor is a difficult task.
  • thermal models of the electric motor are often used, which are calculated by means of internal energy losses, the heating of the electric motor or its components.
  • the temperature of the engine is to be understood here in particular as meaning a temperature which is present at a specific point or region of the engine.
  • the temperature of the engine is preferably the temperature of a rotor of a motor, in particular of an electric motor.
  • the temperature of the rotor can be determined in particular contactless. This is especially advantageous in the case of the moving rotor. In the following, therefore, it is assumed by way of example that the temperature of the rotor is determined.
  • the method described is also suitable for determining the temperature of other components of the engine.
  • the determination of the temperature of the rotor is based in particular on the vibration behavior of the rotor and thus on a mechanical
  • Vibration behavior of the rotor shows a significant temperature dependence. If the rotor is excited to oscillate during operation, it is possible to deduce the current temperature from the current vibration characteristic.
  • the vibration excitation is mainly due to the rotational movement of the rotor itself.
  • the low dependence on electrical parameters of the motor and selected modulation methods is particularly advantageous. This can result in particular a particularly low application cost.
  • model-based solutions lead to higher application costs compared to the described method.
  • achievable accuracy with model-based solutions is due to the high uncertainty in determining the internal losses caused by many factors, e.g. also depend on the active voltage modulation method.
  • Voltage-based temperature estimation in permanent magnet synchronous machines are also to be regarded as critical in terms of their accuracy, since on the one hand the permanent magnet flux and thus the induced voltage show only a low temperature dependence and on the other hand, the built-in voltage inverter for cost reasons usually has an increased measurement error.
  • a wrongly determined temperature of the rotor can in particular (at a temperature considered too low) lead to damage to the electric motor or (at a temperature considered to be too high) to an unnecessarily high reduction of the available power.
  • the described method comprises in particular the method steps a) and b).
  • the steps a) and b) can be carried out in particular partially or completely at the same time.
  • the determination of the temperature takes place permanently (continuously or to predetermined discrete
  • the temperature of the rotor can be determined in particular from the vibration behavior of the rotor.
  • the vibration behavior can be determined in particular from a measurement of an oscillation actually taking place.
  • step a) of the described method at least one vibration signal is received which characterizes a vibration of at least one part of the engine.
  • the vibration signal comprises values for an amplitude and / or a frequency of the vibration.
  • the vibration is in contains the oscillation signal in the form of a sequence of samples each containing an amplitude of the oscillation at a certain time. The sequence of samples may have a bandwidth specified in Hz indicating the number of samples per second.
  • the vibration signal is preferably received by a control unit which is intended and arranged for carrying out the described method.
  • a first value of the temperature of the engine is determined at least from the vibration of the vibration signal.
  • the determination of the first value of the temperature of the engine can be any value of the temperature of the engine.
  • parameters such as an amplitude and / or a frequency of the oscillation can be used for this purpose.
  • the first value of the temperature determined according to step b) can in particular be output as an output signal from the control unit.
  • the at least one vibration signal received in step a) comprises at least one vibration of one of the following parts of the engine:
  • the temperature of the rotor is determined directly from the vibration of the rotor.
  • values of the oscillation of the rotor can be transmitted via the oscillation signal.
  • the vibration of the rotor continues but also on the housing, the gearbox and the bearing of the engine. Therefore, it can be concluded indirectly from the vibration of these parts of the engine to the vibration of the rotor.
  • the vibration signal comprises values for an amplitude and / or a frequency of the vibration of one or more of said parts of the engine.
  • the resulting vibrations propagate through the shaft bearings and the transmission and can eventually be measured on the surface of a motor-gear unit.
  • the at least one vibration signal received in step a) is the signal of one of the following sensors:
  • the vibration of a part of the engine can in particular via a
  • the sound sensor may in particular be a microphone.
  • the vibration of a part of the engine in particular via a detection of structure-borne noise by means of one or more
  • Acceleration sensors take place.
  • the acceleration sensors are preferably arranged on the housing of the engine, that the structure-borne sound continues on the acceleration sensors and thus can be detected by them.
  • the angle sensor which may also be referred to as a position sensor, is preferably designed and set up to measure a rotation angle of the rotor.
  • the angle sensor thus measures the angular position of the rotor.
  • Oscillation of the rotor can be determined.
  • the method described further comprises the following method step: al) receiving at least one excitation signal (6) having a
  • the determination of the temperature in step b) also takes place as a function of the excitation signal.
  • step al) is performed at least partially simultaneously with step a).
  • step a1) is carried out before or after step a).
  • the excitation signal characterizes the excitation means that a value for one or more parameters is coded in the excitation signal, which characterizes the excitation of vibration partially or completely.
  • the excitation signal comprises values for an excitation amplitude and / or an excitation frequency.
  • the excitation signal may consist of a series of samples with, for example, one amplitude each.
  • the excitation signal is preferably received by the control unit, which is intended and arranged for carrying out the described method.
  • the temperature of the rotor can be determined.
  • the at least one excitation signal received in step al) characterizes at least one rotational speed of the motor.
  • the rotor can be excited in particular by the rotation of the rotor to vibrate. Therefore, the speed of the motor, that is, the number of revolutions of the rotor per time, can be used as a measure of the excitation of the rotor.
  • the first value of the temperature in step b) is determined at least as a function of a natural frequency of a vibration of at least one part of the engine.
  • the described method is based in particular on the knowledge that the natural frequency of a component such as the rotor of an electric motor is regularly temperature-dependent. This means that the natural frequency at
  • Natural frequency of the temperature for the rotor (for example, by an attempt to be carried out once) determined and stored in the control unit.
  • the first value of the temperature in step b) is at least dependent on a
  • Vibration spectrum of a vibration determined at least part of the engine Vibration spectrum of a vibration determined at least part of the engine.
  • the measurement of the natural frequency can be done by the
  • Vibration amplitude of the actual vibration at different frequencies (which preferably cover at least a range around the natural frequency) is measured.
  • the natural frequency is the frequency at which the vibration amplitude is greatest. So it can be the amplitude of the
  • Oscillation against the frequency of the vibration are applied and the natural frequency are determined as the frequency with the highest amplitude.
  • Such a plot is a vibration spectrum.
  • the frequency of the actual oscillation regularly corresponds to the frequency of the excitation. Therefore, the amplitude of the actually occurring oscillation can be plotted against the frequency of the excitation and the natural frequency can be determined as the frequency with the highest amplitude.
  • Such a plot is also a vibration spectrum. This procedure is particularly preferred when the excitation signal according to step al) is received and in particular characterizes the speed of the motor. Then the amplitude of the actually occurring vibration with respect to the speed be applied and determined by the speed with the highest amplitude. The speed can be measured particularly easily or provided by a corresponding excitation signal. Also, a plot of the amplitude with respect to the speed is a vibration spectrum.
  • the temperature of the rotor can also be determined from the vibration spectrum as a whole.
  • the rotor may have a plurality of natural frequencies.
  • a vibration spectrum may have further characteristic points or courses. Comparing one
  • the temperature of the rotor can be determined. This may be more accurate than the determination using only the
  • the first value of the temperature can also be used to diagnose another method of determining temperature.
  • the method described is largely redundant to known approaches to
  • Temperature information can be used.
  • the embodiment of the method is preferred in which the method further comprises the following method steps:
  • step d) is carried out at least after or at the same time as steps b) and c) and step a) and optionally also step al) are carried out after or at the same time as step b).
  • the second value of the temperature of the engine can be determined by any method of temperature determination. For example, a
  • Temperature sensor may be provided or it may be a model-based
  • the first value of the temperature and the second value of the temperature are the same except for measuring errors. For example, if the two values differ only slightly from each other, a proper determination of the temperature can be assumed. In that case, for example, a mean value can be output as a particularly reliable value for the temperature as the output value. On the other hand, if the two values differ significantly, this may indicate a malfunction in one of the determination methods. In that case, for example, one of the two values can be ignored according to predetermined criteria and the value other than the output value can be output. For example, a value outside a reasonable range can be ignored. It can also be fixed, which of the two values in the case of a clear
  • Deviation is to be used.
  • the value of the method considered more reliable may be used.
  • the output value can in particular be determined by the described control unit and output as an output signal. But it is also possible that the control unit described only outputs the first value and that the first value and the second value are received by a corresponding electronics. The output signal can then be output from this electronics.
  • Temperature of the motor in step b) determined with a deposited in a memory dependency between the vibration signal and the temperature, wherein the deposited dependency at least one time by
  • Comparison of the determined according to step b) first value for the temperature of the engine is corrected with a reference temperature.
  • the temperature can be determined from a mathematical function as the determination rule as a function of the natural frequency.
  • the dependency stored in the memory is then this mathematical function.
  • About the mathematical function of a particular measured natural frequency can be assigned a corresponding temperature.
  • the determination rule can describe how from a measured
  • the temperature of the engine is determined.
  • the Dependence can also be realized in the form of a characteristic diagram and / or a characteristic curve and stored in the memory.
  • the memory is preferably a software memory which is realized in a control unit.
  • Reference temperature is any known temperature which has usually been determined by another method for determining a temperature than the method performed in steps a) and b).
  • the time at which the correction of the dependency with the reference temperature takes place can be repeated regularly during operation of the method in or on an engine or in a motor vehicle.
  • a correction of the deposited dependency occurs repeatedly with a defined time interval. It is also possible that the correction of the deposited
  • step b) of the method described differs from the reference measurement
  • Determination rule be corrected. For example, the
  • the reference temperature is particularly preferably determined by a reference measurement.
  • the reference measurement may in particular be the measurement with which the second value of the temperature described above is determined. In that case, by the correction according to the present embodiment
  • the first value of the temperature and the second value of the temperature coincide or at least are particularly close to one another.
  • the present embodiment may also be referred to as a re-learning of the temperature determination.
  • long-term effects can be compensated for by the described correction.
  • the correction takes place at a plurality of predetermined times.
  • a control unit is presented, which for
  • 1 shows a first representation of a method for determining a
  • FIG. 2 shows a second illustration of the method from FIG. 1, FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows a motor vehicle, which is intended and arranged for carrying out the method of FIGS. 1 and 2,
  • Fig. 5 a vibration spectrum of a rotor at two different
  • a possible realization of a method for determining a temperature of an engine of a motor vehicle is shown.
  • a noise is detected at a suitable position of the drive housing. This can be done with a first detection element 10, in which
  • the noise is linked to the current rotor speed. This is done in one second detection element 11, in which the noise from the first detection element 10 and an excitation signal 6 include the speed.
  • Via a determination element 12 which describes the relationship between rotational speed, measured oscillation amplitude and rotor temperature, the current rotor temperature can then be determined. By way of example, this relationship can be described using maps.
  • the rotor temperature determined in this way can be used, for example, as correction value or as diagnostic value for a parallel running alternative rotor temperature estimation. For this, the temperature becomes a first value for the temperature
  • Correction element 13 is supplied. Therein, the first value of the temperature may be compared with a second value, which may have been obtained with another method of temperature determination. Based on the first and the second value for the temperature, an output signal 7 for the temperature can be output by the correction element.
  • FIG. 2 is a further schematic representation of the method of FIG. 1. The method comprises the following method steps:
  • Vibration excitation of at least part of the engine comprises, b) determining a first value of the temperature of the engine at least from the vibration of the vibration signal 5 and the excitation of the excitation signal 6,
  • step d) determining an output value for the temperature of the engine from the first value determined according to step b) and the second value of the temperature determined according to step c).
  • FIG. 3 shows a representation of a motor vehicle 1, which is intended and arranged for carrying out the method of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the motor vehicle 1 a motor 2, to which a sound sensor 4 is connected.
  • the sound sensor 4 can transmit the vibration signal 5 to a control unit 3. Furthermore, the motor 2 can transmit the excitation signal (in particular comprising the rotational speed) to the control unit 3. The control unit 3 can output the output signal 7.
  • FIG. 4 shows the temperature dependence of the natural frequency 8 of a first rotor and the natural frequency 9 of a second rotor for electric motors.
  • the natural frequencies fo in Hz [heart] are plotted against the temperature in ° C [degrees Celsius]. It can be seen that the natural frequency, at which the greatest vibrations and thus also the largest sound radiation occur, shifts towards lower values with increasing temperature. In particular, it shows a significant temperature dependence of the dominant natural frequency, which can vary pronounced depending on the manufacturing process of the rotor. This can be manifested in real operation by measuring the strongest vibrations with increasing rotor temperature at lower speeds.
  • the evaluation of the dominant natural frequency shown in FIG. 4 represents a special case.
  • Rotor temperature are used. Such a spectrum is shown in FIG. 5 for two rotors. Shown is a vibration spectrum 14 of a first rotor and a vibration spectrum 15 of a second rotor. For this purpose, the oscillation amplitude A is plotted against the frequency f.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé pour la détermination d'une température d'un moteur (2) pour un véhicule à moteur (1), comprenant au moins les étapes de procédé suivantes : a) la réception d'au moins un signal de vibration (5), qui caractérise une vibration d'au moins une partie du moteur (2), b) la détermination d'une première valeur de la température du moteur (2) en fonction du signal de vibration (5).
PCT/EP2018/084088 2017-12-19 2018-12-10 Procédé pour la détermination d'une température d'un moteur pour un véhicule à moteur WO2019121080A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017223188.2 2017-12-19
DE102017223188.2A DE102017223188A1 (de) 2017-12-19 2017-12-19 Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Temperatur eines Motors für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019121080A1 true WO2019121080A1 (fr) 2019-06-27

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PCT/EP2018/084088 WO2019121080A1 (fr) 2017-12-19 2018-12-10 Procédé pour la détermination d'une température d'un moteur pour un véhicule à moteur

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WO (1) WO2019121080A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019220333A1 (de) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer elektrischen Antriebseinheit, vorzugsweise zum Antreiben einer Komponente im Kraftfahrzeug, sowie eine Antriebseinheit zum Ausführen des Verfahrens

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008001807A1 (de) * 2008-05-15 2009-11-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zur Bestimmung der Rotortemperatur eines Elektromotors eines Hybridfahrzeuges
EP2985454A1 (fr) * 2014-07-23 2016-02-17 Nordex Energy GmbH Procédé de vérification d'un système de détection de glace sur les pâles d'un rotor ainsi que système de détection de glace sur les pâles d'un rotor et éolienne destinée à l'exécution du procédé

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008001807A1 (de) * 2008-05-15 2009-11-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zur Bestimmung der Rotortemperatur eines Elektromotors eines Hybridfahrzeuges
EP2985454A1 (fr) * 2014-07-23 2016-02-17 Nordex Energy GmbH Procédé de vérification d'un système de détection de glace sur les pâles d'un rotor ainsi que système de détection de glace sur les pâles d'un rotor et éolienne destinée à l'exécution du procédé

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BRUNNADER R ET AL: "Condition monitoring of high-speed flywheel using modal analysis method", SENSING TECHNOLOGY (ICST), 2011 FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON, IEEE, 28 November 2011 (2011-11-28), pages 510 - 514, XP032099478, ISBN: 978-1-4577-0168-9, DOI: 10.1109/ICSENST.2011.6137032 *

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