WO2019119798A1 - 一种天线安装座及天线 - Google Patents

一种天线安装座及天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019119798A1
WO2019119798A1 PCT/CN2018/096490 CN2018096490W WO2019119798A1 WO 2019119798 A1 WO2019119798 A1 WO 2019119798A1 CN 2018096490 W CN2018096490 W CN 2018096490W WO 2019119798 A1 WO2019119798 A1 WO 2019119798A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
antenna
mounting
fixed
fixing
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Application number
PCT/CN2018/096490
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴文平
吴仕伟
张婕
Original Assignee
深圳市华信天线技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市华信天线技术有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市华信天线技术有限公司
Priority to US16/622,047 priority Critical patent/US11050131B2/en
Priority to RU2019141305A priority patent/RU2745409C1/ru
Priority to EP18890475.9A priority patent/EP3731340A4/en
Publication of WO2019119798A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019119798A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to an antenna mount and an antenna.
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • the bandwidth advantage of the laminated microstrip antenna is not obvious.
  • the antenna beam width is not wide, the low elevation angle gain is poor, the consistency requirement makes the structure assembly difficult, and the cost is high; the metal half-wave array can realize the broadband form, but the beam
  • the width is not wide, the low elevation angle gain is poor, the structure assembly is also complicated, and the cost is high; the multi-frequency helical antenna has a wide beam width, but the gain is low.
  • the present application provides an antenna mount and an antenna.
  • an antenna mount including: an antenna substrate, a fixed plate, and a ring-shaped reflector, wherein
  • the antenna substrate is a bowl-shaped structure, an edge of the bowl-shaped structure opening is fixed to the fixing plate; the annular reflection plate is standing on the fixing plate and fixed to the fixing plate; the ring reflection The board and the antenna substrate are located on the same side of the fixing board;
  • a feed support seat is disposed inside the bottom of the bowl structure.
  • the antenna substrate comprises: a mounting plate and four mounting swash plates, wherein
  • a first side of the mounting swash plate is fixed to an edge of the mounting plate;
  • a second side of the mounting swash plate is fixed to the fixing plate, and the first side and the second side position are relatively;
  • the mounting swash plate has an angle with the mounting plate.
  • each cable mounting channel corresponds to a position of one threading through hole.
  • the number of open slots provided on the annular reflector is four;
  • the four open slots equally divide the circumference of the annular reflecting plate, and the center of each open groove corresponds to a center position between the two mounting swash plates.
  • the fixing plate is annular
  • the edge of the bowl-shaped structure opening is fixed to the inner edge of the ring on the fixing plate;
  • the annular reflecting plate is fixed to an outer edge of the annular surface of the fixing plate, and the annular reflecting plate is perpendicular to the fixing plate.
  • the method further includes: a bottom plate, wherein
  • the bottom plate is fixed to the fixing plate, and the bottom plate and the antenna substrate are respectively located on different sides of the fixing plate;
  • a mounting through hole is disposed on the bottom plate, and a position of the mounting through hole corresponds to a position of the feeding support base.
  • the present application provides an antenna, comprising: the antenna mount according to the first aspect, further comprising: a tuning director, a feeding network, a reflection sheet, and a radiation sheet, wherein
  • the outer surface of the mounting plate of the antenna mount is provided with four fixing posts, and the four fixing posts are evenly distributed on the mounting plate;
  • the tuning director is connected to an outer surface of a bottom portion of the antenna substrate bowl structure through a plurality of fixing posts, and a spacing is disposed between the tuning director and the antenna substrate; the radiation sheet is fixed On the outer surface of the bowl structure of the antenna substrate;
  • the reflective sheet is fixed on an outer surface of the annular reflector, and the reflective sheet is provided with at least one open slot;
  • the feed network is mounted within the feed support and the feed network is electrically coupled to the radiating sheet.
  • the radiation sheet includes four, wherein
  • Each of the radiating sheets includes a first sub-portion and a second sub-portion, and the first sub-portions of the four radiating fins are located on the mounting plate and are spaced apart from each other, and the first sub-portions of the four radiating patches are equal in area And all triangles;
  • a first through portion of each of the radiating fins is provided with a wiring through hole and a fixing post through hole for passing through the fixing post;
  • the second sub-portions of the four radiating fins are equal in area and respectively located on different mounting ramps, the second sub-portion is composed of a rectangle and a triangle, and the first side of the rectangle and the first sub-portion The long sides of the triangle are connected, and the other side of the rectangle opposite the first side is connected to the long side of the triangle of the second subsection.
  • the reflective sheet is provided with four open slots, and the positions of the four open slots respectively correspond to the positions of the gaps between the four radiating fins, so that the reflective sheets between the adjacent open slots are respectively reflected by one The film corresponds.
  • the feed network comprises two pairs of coaxial cables and a 90 degree phase shifter, wherein
  • Two pairs of coaxial cables are staggered in the feeding support; the 90-degree phase shifter and two pairs of coaxial cables are respectively located on different sides of the bottom plate;
  • Each pair of coaxial cables includes: a first coaxial cable and a second coaxial cable, wherein outer conductors of the first coaxial cable and the second coaxial cable are respectively connected to one radiation piece through the connection through hole, and two The radiating fins connected to the coaxial cable are staggered; the inner conductor ends of the first coaxial cable are open; and the inner conductor of the second coaxial cable is electrically connected to the 90-degree phase shifter.
  • the tuning director is a metal plate, and the shape of the tuning director is circular;
  • the radiation sheet is a printed metal layer disposed on an outer surface of the antenna substrate
  • the reflective sheet is a printed metal layer disposed on an outer surface of the annular reflecting plate, and the shape of the reflective sheet conforms to the shape of the annular reflecting plate.
  • the antenna mounting seat provided in the embodiment of the present application has simple assembly and strong structural consistency.
  • the radiation piece and the feeding coaxial cable are installed, the radiation piece can be directly printed on the antenna substrate.
  • the outer surface, and the feed coaxial cable can be directly attached to the antenna substrate.
  • the antenna substrate, the fixed plate and the annular reflector in the antenna mount can be integrally formed, which makes the substrate support on the back side of the radiation sheet thin as an antenna, thereby reducing the dielectric loss of the antenna and improving the low antenna. Elevation gain.
  • the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application has an adjustable beam width and a strong adaptability of the product body.
  • the reflective sheet on the annular reflector is mainly used for beam width adjustment and return loss adjustment.
  • the feed network uses a broadband compensation branch conductor balun feed network
  • the feed network first coaxial cable 70 and the second coaxial cable 71 are a group, and the first coaxial cable 70 and the second same
  • the shaft cable 71 is connected to the inner conductors, and the outer conductors are respectively connected to the alignment radiation sheets 9, that is, to the radiation sheets.
  • the second coaxial cable 71 is a direct feed connection line
  • the input impedance is 50 ohms
  • the first coaxial cable 70 is an open end design of the inner conductor
  • the impedance is 35 ohms
  • the length of the first coaxial cable 70 can be designed according to
  • the band adjustment is adjusted so that the current balance of the antenna is good and the impedance matching bandwidth is adjustable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the back structure of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the C-C surface of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a right side view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a rear elevational view of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna mount provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a radiation sheet
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the antenna mount after the radiation piece is mounted.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the back surface of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the C-C surface of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a right side view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a rear view of Figure 3.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna mount provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a radiation sheet.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the antenna mount after the radiation piece is mounted.
  • the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: an antenna mount and an electrical part.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna mount.
  • the antenna mount includes an antenna substrate 1, a fixed plate 2, and a ring-shaped reflector 3.
  • the antenna substrate 1 is a bowl-shaped structure, specifically a groove, such as a circular groove or a square groove.
  • the antenna substrate 1 serves as a main carrier of the antenna for mounting a radiation piece.
  • the radiation piece is mounted on the antenna substrate 1 On the outer surface of the bowl structure.
  • the antenna substrate 1 includes: a mounting plate 13 and four mounting swash plates 14, wherein four mounting swash plates 14 are evenly distributed around the mounting plate 13; and any two of the swash plates 14 are mounted A hollow hole 10 is provided between them.
  • a first side of the mounting swash plate 14 is fixed to an edge of the mounting plate 13; a second side of the mounting swash plate 14 is fixed to the fixing plate 2, the first side and the second side The side positions are opposite; and the mounting swash plate 14 has an angle with the mounting plate 13.
  • a structure formed of five plates of one mounting plate 13 and four mounting swash plates 14 is formed.
  • the radiating surface of the antenna is located on the outer surface of the mounting plate 13 on the antenna substrate 1.
  • the radiating surface of the antenna is electrically connected to the inside of the antenna substrate 1, as shown in FIG.
  • Four threaded through holes 15 are evenly disposed on the mounting plate.
  • the edge of the bowl-shaped structure opening is fixed to the fixing plate 2; the annular reflecting plate 3 stands on the fixing plate 2 and the fixing plate 2 fixed.
  • the fixing plate 2 may be annular; the edge of the bowl-shaped structure opening is fixed to the annular inner edge of the fixing plate 2; the annular reflecting plate 3 and the fixing plate 2 are The outer edge of the ring is fixed, and the annular reflector 3 is perpendicular to the fixed plate 2.
  • the mounting plate 13 and the mounting slanting plate 14 of the antenna substrate 1 may be integrally injection molded, and the antenna substrate 1, the fixing plate 2, and the annular reflecting plate 3 may be integrally injection molded, and the antenna lining.
  • the material of the bottom 1, the fixing plate 2, and the annular reflecting plate 3 may be a high molecular polymer such as a plastic product such as polyethylene.
  • the annular reflector 3 is used for mounting and supporting the reflective sheet.
  • the awakening reflector 3 may be a board of equal width, or the annular reflector 3 may be provided with at least one open slot 31, as shown in the figure. 1. As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG.
  • each open slot 31 corresponds to the gap between two adjacent mounting swash plates, and four The opening groove 31 equally divides the circumference of the annular reflecting plate, that is, the position of each opening groove 31 corresponds to the position of one hollow hole 10, respectively, so that each of the mounting swash plate and the segment of the annular reflecting plate 3
  • the joint of the adjacent two mounting swash plates is provided with an opening groove 31 having a depth smaller than the width of the side wall of the annular reflecting plate 3, and in a specific application, the side wall of the annular reflecting plate 3
  • the width can be set to different sizes in advance according to the antenna needs.
  • the inner surface of the bottom of the bowl-shaped structure is provided with a feeding support seat 11, and the feeding support base 11 is used for mounting the electrical part of the antenna.
  • the feeding support base 11 is provided with Four cable mounting channels 16 and each cable mounting channel 16 corresponds to a threaded through hole 15.
  • the antenna mount may further include a bottom plate 5.
  • the bottom plate 5 is fixed to the fixing plate 2 by bolts 51, and the bottom plate 5 and the antenna substrate 1 are respectively located on different sides of the fixing plate 2;
  • the bottom plate 5 is provided with a mounting through hole (not shown), and the position of the mounting through hole corresponds to the position of the feed support base 11.
  • the antenna mount provided by the present application has simple assembly and strong structural consistency.
  • the radiation piece can be directly printed on the outer surface of the antenna substrate.
  • the feed coaxial cable can be directly attached to the antenna substrate.
  • the antenna substrate, the fixed plate and the annular reflector in the antenna mount can be integrally formed, which makes the substrate support on the back side of the radiation sheet thin as an antenna, thereby reducing the dielectric loss of the antenna and improving the low antenna. Elevation gain.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, as shown in FIG. 1-9, the antenna includes: a tuned director 6, a feed network (not labeled in the figure), and a reflection sheet (not labeled in the figure) And the radiation sheet 9, and the antenna mount described in the first aspect.
  • a plurality of fixing posts 12 are provided on the outer surface of the mounting plate 13 of the antenna substrate 1, and optionally four fixed posts, and four The fixing posts 12 are evenly distributed on the mounting plate.
  • the tuning director 6 is connected to the outer surface of the bottom of the bowl structure of the antenna substrate 1 through a plurality of fixing posts 12, and a space is provided between the tuning director 6 and the antenna substrate 1.
  • a radiation sheet 9 is fixed on an outer surface of the bowl-shaped structure of the antenna substrate 1; the reflection sheet is fixed on the annular reflection plate 3 (both inner and outer surfaces); the feed network is mounted on the feed The electric support 11 is inside and the feed network is electrically connected to the radiating sheet 9.
  • the hexagonal pattern filled in the figure is only for the purpose of facilitating the separation of the radiation piece from the antenna base after the radiation piece is mounted, that is, the hexagonal pattern is a filling pattern on the radiation piece. It is not the structure or shape of the radiation sheet 9.
  • the radiation sheet 9 includes four, wherein each of the radiation sheets includes a first sub-portion 91 and a second sub-portion 92, and the first sub-portions 91 of the four radiating fins are located on the mounting plate 13 and are disposed between each other The spacers are insulated from each other, and the first sub-portions 91 of the four radiating sheets 9 are equal in area, that is, as shown in FIG. 8, the first sub-portions 91 of the four radiating sheets 9 are both triangular and triangular.
  • a first through portion 93 of each of the radiating sheets is provided with a wiring through hole 93 and a fixing post through hole 94 for passing through the fixing post;
  • the second sub-portions of the four radiating pieces 9 are equal in area and respectively located in different a mounting slope, the second sub-portion is composed of a rectangle and a triangle, and the first side of the rectangle is connected to the long side of the triangle in the first sub-portion, the rectangle and the first side The opposite side is connected to the long side of the triangle of the second subsection.
  • the feeding network may adopt a compensation branch conductor balun feeding network, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the feeding network may include two pairs of coaxial cables and a 90-degree phase shifter 72, wherein Two pairs of coaxial cables are staggered in the feed support base 11, that is, two cables in the same pair of coaxial cables are not adjacent to each other, and are also referred to as two pairs of coaxial cables in the feed support base 11 The distribution is distributed, and the 90 degree phase shifter and the two pairs of coaxial cables are respectively located on different sides of the bottom plate.
  • Each pair of coaxial cables includes: a first coaxial cable 70 and a second coaxial cable 71, and outer conductors of the first coaxial cable 70 and the second coaxial cable 71 are respectively connected to one radiation through the connection through holes
  • the radiating sheets connected by the two pairs of coaxial cables are staggered, that is, the radiating pieces connected to the two cables of the same coaxial cable are not adjacent to each other.
  • the inner conductor end of the first coaxial cable 70 is open; the inner conductor of the second coaxial cable 71 is electrically connected to the 90-degree phase shifter.
  • the tuning director is a metal plate, and the shape of the tuning director is circular;
  • the radiation sheet 9 is a printed metal layer disposed on an outer surface of the antenna substrate 1;
  • the reflective sheet is a printed metal layer disposed on an outer surface of the annular reflector, and the shape of the reflective sheet is consistent with the shape of the annular reflector, that is, the reflective sheet is the same It is a ring shape, and an opening groove is also provided on the reflection sheet.
  • the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application has an adjustable beam width and a strong adaptability of the product body.
  • the reflective sheet on the annular reflector is used for beam width adjustment and return loss adjustment.
  • the feed network uses a broadband compensation branch conductor balun feed network
  • the feed network first coaxial cable 70 and the second coaxial cable 71 are a group, and the first coaxial cable 70 and the second same
  • the shaft cable 71 is connected to the inner conductors, and the outer conductors are respectively connected to the alignment radiation sheets 9, that is, to the radiation sheets.
  • the second coaxial cable 71 is a direct feed connection line
  • the input impedance is 50 ohms
  • the first coaxial cable 70 is an open end design of the inner conductor
  • the impedance is 35 ohms
  • the length of the first coaxial cable 70 can be designed according to
  • the band adjustment is adjusted so that the current balance of the antenna is good and the impedance matching bandwidth is adjustable.
  • the antenna provided by the invention has adjustable beam width and strong adaptability of the product body in practical applications, and the reflection sheet on the annular reflector is mainly used for beam width adjustment and return loss adjustment.
  • the reflection sheet on the annular reflector is mainly used for beam width adjustment and return loss adjustment.
  • the height of the annular reflector that is, adjusting the width of the reflector, it is possible to change the current distribution mode, thereby realizing the adjustment of the beam width and the adjustment of the return loss, so that the needs can be obtained under different use conditions.
  • the beamwidth and the small return loss which in turn provide the required low elevation gain and beamwidth, are highly industrially applicable.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及一种天线安装座及天线，包括：天线衬底、固定板和、环形反射板，其中，天线衬底为碗型结构，碗型结构开口的边缘与固定板相固定；环形反射板立于固定板上且与固定板固定；环形反射板与天线衬底位于固定板的同一侧面；碗型结构内部设置有馈电支撑座。相对于现有产品技术，该天线组装简单，结构一致性较强，另外，天线的低仰角增益较高。

Description

一种天线安装座及天线
本申请要求于2017年12月20日提交中国专利局、申请号为201711386649.1、发明名称为“一种天线安装座及天线”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及天线技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线安装座及天线。
背景技术
现有多频圆极化GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System，全球卫星导航系统)天线常见为叠层微带天线、金属半波阵子天线、螺旋天线等形式，从技术上讲，叠层微带天线和金属半波阵子天线均实现了一定频带宽度功能，但仍然存在很多问题。
叠层微带天线实现带宽优势不是很明显，天线波束宽度不宽，低仰角增益较差，一致性要求使得结构组装上比较困难，成本较高；金属半波阵子可实现宽频带形式，但波束宽度不宽，低仰角增益差，结构组装也比较复杂，成本较高；多频螺旋天线波束宽度较宽，但增益较低。
在GNSS天线使用中，上述低仰角增益差等问题直接引入的问题就是抗多路径效应相对较差，即使得天线测距误差增大，从而导致定位精度不够好。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
为了解决上述技术问题或者至少部分地解决上述技术问题，本申请提供了一种天线安装座以及天线。
(二)技术方案
有鉴于此，第一方面，本申请提供了一种天线安装座，包括：天线衬底、固定板和环形反射板，其中，
所述天线衬底为碗型结构，所述碗型结构开口的边缘与所述固定板相固定；所述环形反射板立于所述固定板上且与所述固定板固定；所述环形反射板与所述天线衬 底位于所述固定板的同一侧面；
所述碗型结构底部内部设置有馈电支撑座。可选地，所述天线衬底包括：安装平板和四个安装斜板，其中，
四个安装斜板均匀分布在所述安装平板周围；
所述安装斜板的第一侧边与所述安装平板的边缘相固定；所述安装斜板的第二侧边与所述固定板相固定，所述第一侧边和第二侧边位置相对；
所述安装斜板与所述安装平板之间具有夹角。
可选地，所述安装平板上均匀设置有四个穿线通孔，所述馈电支撑座包括四个电缆安装通道，每个电缆安装通道的位置与一个穿线通孔的位置对应。
可选地，所述环形反射板上设置的开口槽为四个；
四个所述开口槽将所述环形反射板的周长等分，且每个开口槽的中心与两个安装斜板之间的中心位置相对应。
可选地，所述固定板为环形；
所述碗型结构开口的边缘与所述固定板上环形的内边相固定；
所述环形反射板与所述固定板上环形的外边相固定，且所述环形反射板与所述固定板相垂直。
可选地，还包括：底板，其中，
所述底板与所述固定板相固定，且所述底板和所述天线衬底分别位于所述固定板的不同侧面；
所述底板上设置有安装通孔，所述安装通孔的位置与所述馈电支撑座的位置相对应。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种天线，包括：如第一方面所述的天线安装座，还包括：调谐引向器、馈电网络、反射片和辐射片，其中，
所述天线安装座的安装平板的外表面设置有四个固定柱，且四个所述固定柱在所述安装平板上均匀分布；
所述调谐引向器通过多个固定柱与所述天线衬底碗型结构底部的外表面相连接，且所述调谐引向器与所述天线衬底之间设置有间隔；所述辐射片固定在所述天线 衬底的碗型结构的外表面上；
所述反射片固定在所述环形反射板的外表面上，且所述反射片上设置有至少一个开口槽；
所述馈电网络安装在所述馈电支撑座内，并且所述馈电网络与所述辐射片电连接。
可选地，所述辐射片包括四个，其中，
每个辐射片包括第一子部分和第二子部分，四个辐射片的第一子部分均位于所述安装平板上且相互之间设置有间隔，四个辐射片的第一子部分面积相等且均为三角形；
每个辐射片的第一子部分上均设置有一个接线通孔和用于穿过固定柱的固定柱通孔；
四个辐射片的第二子部分的面积相等，且分别位于不同的安装斜面上，所述第二子部分由矩形和三角形组成，且所述矩形第一侧边与所述第一子部分中三角形的长边相连接，所述矩形与所述第一侧边相对的另一侧边，与所述第二子部分的三角形的长边相连接。
可选地，所述反射片上设置有四个开口槽，并且四个开口槽的位置分别与四个辐射片之间的间隙位置相对应，使得相邻开口槽之间的反射片分别与一个反射片相对应。
可选地，所述馈电网络包括两对同轴电缆和90度移相器，其中，
两对同轴电缆在所述馈电支撑座内交错设置；所述90度移相器和两对同轴电缆分别位于所述底板不同侧面；
每对同轴电缆中包括：第一同轴电缆和第二同轴电缆，所述第一同轴电缆和第二同轴电缆的外导体通过所述接线通孔分别连接一个辐射片，且两对同轴电缆连接的辐射片交错设置；第一同轴电缆的内导体末端开路；第二同轴电缆的内导体与所述90度移相器电连接。
可选地，所述调谐引向器为金属板，且所述调谐引向器的形状为圆形；
和/或；
所述辐射片为设置在所述天线衬底外表面上的印刷金属层；
和/或，
所述反射片为设置在所述环形反射板外表面上的印刷金属层，且所述反射片的形状与所述环形反射板的形状一致。
(三)有益效果
本申请实施例提供的上述技术方案与现有技术相比具有如下优点：
本申请实施例中提供的该天线安装座相对于现有产品技术，组装简单，结构一致性较强，在安装辐射片以及馈电同轴电缆时，可以直接将辐射片印制在天线衬底的外表面，并且馈电同轴电缆可以直接依附于天线衬底之上。另外，天线安装座中的天线衬底、固定板以及环形反射板可以一体成型，这使得作为天线时，辐射片背面的衬底支撑厚度薄，进而可以使得天线的介质损耗降低，提高天线的低仰角增益。
本申请实施例提供的该天线，在实际应用中，波束宽度可调，产品本体适应性较强，环形反射板上的反射片主要是用于波束宽度的调节和回波损耗的调节，在实际中，通过调节环形反射板上的高度，也即调整反射片的宽度，就可以能够改变电流分布方式，从而可以实现对波束宽度的调节以及回波损耗的调节，使得在不同的使用情况下可以得到需要的波束宽度和较小的回波损耗，进而可得到需要的低仰角增益和波束宽度。
另外，由于馈电网络采用宽频带补偿分支导体巴伦馈电网络，所以馈电网络第一同轴电缆70和第二同轴电缆71为一组，并且第一同轴电缆70和第二同轴电缆71为内导体相连，外导体分别连接于对齐辐射片9，也即与辐射片相连接。第二同轴电缆71为直接馈电连接线，输入阻抗为50欧姆，第一同轴电缆70为内导体末端开路设计，阻抗为35欧姆，并且第一同轴电缆70的长度可以根据所设计频段调节进行调整，所以该天线的电流平衡好，并且阻抗匹配带宽可调。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的天线的结构示意图；
图2为图1的背面结构示意图；
图3为图1的俯视图；
图4为图3中C-C面的剖视示意图；
图5为图1的右视图；
图6为图3的后视图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的天线安装座的结构示意图；
图8为辐射片的结构示意图；
图9为辐射片安装后天线安装座的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
图1为本申请实施例提供的天线的结构示意图，图2为图1的背面结构示意图。图3为图1的俯视图；图4为图3中C-C面的剖视示意图；图5为图1的右视图；图6为图3的后视图。
图7为本申请实施例提供的天线安装座的结构示意图。图8为辐射片的结构示意图。图9为辐射片安装后天线安装座的结构示意图。
本申请实施例提供的天线包括：天线安装座和电气部分。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种天线安装座，如图1-9所示，该天线安装座包括：天线衬底1、固定板2和环形反射板3。
天线衬底1为碗型结构，具体为凹槽，例如圆槽或方槽等，天线衬底1作为天线的主要载体，用于安装辐射片，通常情况下，辐射片安装在天线衬底1碗型结构的外表面上。
如图4所示，天线衬底1包括：安装平板13和四个安装斜板14，其中，四个安装斜板14均匀分布在所述安装平板13周围；并且任意两个安装斜板14之间设置有镂空孔10。
安装斜板14的第一侧边与所述安装平板13的边缘相固定；所述安装斜板14的第二侧边与所述固定板2相固定，所述第一侧边和第二侧边位置相对；并且所述安装斜板14与所述安装平板13之间具有夹角。就形成了由一个安装平板13和四个安装斜板14这五块板形成的一个结构。
通常天线辐射面位于天线衬底1上安装平板13的外表面，为了便于组装后天线辐射面与天线衬底1内部进行电气连接，如图7所示。在安装平板上均匀设置有四个穿线通孔15。
如图1、图6以及图7所示，所述碗型结构开口的边缘与所述固定板2相固定；所述环形反射板3立于所述固定板2上且与所述固定板2固定。
在本申请一个实施例中，固定板2可以为环形；所述碗型结构开口的边缘与所述固定板2上环形的内边相固定；所述环形反射板3与所述固定板2上环形的外边相固定，且所述环形反射板3与所述固定板2相垂直。
在本申请实施例中，天线衬底1的安装平板13和安装斜板14可以为一体注塑成型，并且天线衬底1、固定板2以及环形反射板3均可以为一体注塑成型，并且天线衬底1、固定板2以及环形反射板3的材料可以为高分子聚合物，例如：聚乙烯等塑料产品。
环形反射板3的作用是安装、支撑反射片，在本申请实施例中红，唤醒反射板3可以为宽度相等的板，也可以在环形反射板3上设置有至少一个开口槽31，如图1、图3、图4以及图6所示，在环形反射板3上设置有四个开口槽31，每个开口槽31的位置与相邻两个安装斜板的间隙相对应，并且四个所述开口槽31将所述环形反射板的周长等分，也即每个开口槽31的位置分别与一个镂空孔10的位置相对应，使得每个安装斜板与一段环形反射板3的侧壁相对应，相邻两个安装斜板的结合处设置有开口槽31，开口槽的深度小于环形反射板3的侧壁的宽度，并且在具体应用中，环形反射板3的侧壁的宽度可以根据天线需要提前设置为不同尺寸。
如图2所示，所述碗型结构底部的内表面设置有馈电支撑座11，馈电支撑座11用于安装天线的电气部分，如图2所示，馈电支撑座11内设置有四个电缆安装通道16，并且每个电缆安装通道16与一个穿线通孔15对应。
在本申请其它实施例中，如图4、图5和图6所示，该天线安装座还可以包括；底板5。
底板5通过螺栓51与所述固定板2相固定，且所述底板5和所述天线衬底1分别位于所述固定板2的不同侧面；
所述底板5上设置有安装通孔(图中未示出)，所述安装通孔的位置与所述馈电支撑座11的位置相对应。
本申请提供的天线安装座，相对于现有产品技术，组装简单，结构一致性较强，在安装辐射片以及馈电同轴电缆时，可以直接将辐射片印制在天线衬底的外表面，并且馈电同轴电缆可以直接依附于天线衬底之上。另外，天线安装座中的天线衬底、固定板以及环形反射板可以一体成型，这使得作为天线时，辐射片背面的衬底支撑厚度薄，进而可以使得天线的介质损耗降低，提高天线的低仰角增益。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种天线，如图1-9所示，该天线包括：调谐引向器6、馈电网络(图中未标记)、反射片(图中未标记)和辐射片9，以及，第一方面描述的天线安装座。
如图4、图5和图7所示，在本申请实施例中，在天线衬底1的安装平板13的外表面设置有多个固定柱12，可选地固定柱为4个，并且四个所述固定柱12在所述安装平板上均匀分布。调谐引向器6通过多个固定柱12与所述天线衬底1碗型结构底部的外表面相连接，且所述调谐引向器6与所述天线衬底1之间设置有间隔。
辐射片9固定在所述天线衬底1的碗型结构的外表面上；所述反射片固定在所述环形反射板3上(内外表面均可)；所述馈电网络安装在所述馈电支撑座11内，并且所述馈电网络与所述辐射片9电连接。
如图8和图9所示，图中填充的六角形图案仅为为了便于在安装辐射片后，将辐射片与天线底座区分开来，也即六角形图案为辐射片上的一种填充图案，并非辐射片9的结构或形状。辐射片9包括四个，其中，每个辐射片包括第一子部分91和第二子部分92，四个辐射片的第一子部分91均位于所述安装平板13上且相互之间设置有间隔，彼此之间相互绝缘，四个辐射片9的第一子部分91面积相等，也即如图8所示，四个辐射片9第一子部分91均为三角形且均为三角形。
每个辐射片的第一子部分91上均设置有一个接线通孔93和用于穿过固定柱的固定柱通孔94；四个辐射片9的第二子部分的面积相等且分别位于不同的安装斜面上，所述第二子部分由矩形和三角形组成，且所述矩形第一侧边与所述第一子部分中三角形的长边相连接，所述矩形与所述第一侧边相对的另一侧边，与所述第二子部分的三角形的长边相连接。
在本申请实施例中，馈电网络可以采用补偿分支导体巴伦馈电网络，如图2和图4所示，该馈电网络可以包括两对同轴电缆和90度移相器72，其中，两对同轴电缆在所述馈电支撑座11内交错设置，即同一对同轴电缆中的两个电缆互不相邻，也称为两对同轴电缆在馈电支撑座11内正交分布，并且所述90度移相器和两对同轴电 缆分别位于所述底板不同侧面。
每对同轴电缆中包括：第一同轴电缆70和第二同轴电缆71，所述第一同轴电缆70和第二同轴电缆71的外导体通过所述接线通孔分别连接一个辐射片，且两对同轴电缆连接的辐射片交错设置，也即同一队同轴电缆的两个电缆相连接的辐射片互不相邻。
另外，第一同轴电缆70的内导体末端开路；第二同轴电缆71的内导体与所述90度移相器电连接
在本申请一个实施例中，所述调谐引向器为金属板，且所述调谐引向器的形状为圆形；
在本申请一个实施例中，所述辐射片9为设置在所述天线衬底1外表面上的印刷金属层；
在本申请一个实施例中，所述反射片为设置在所述环形反射板外表面上的印刷金属层，且所述反射片的形状与所述环形反射板的形状一致，也即反射片同样为环形，并且反射片上也设置有开口槽。
本申请实施例提供的该天线，在实际应用中，波束宽度可调，产品本体适应性较强，环形反射板上的反射片要是用于波束宽度的调节和回波损耗的调节，在实际中，通过调节环形反射板上的高度，也即调整反射片的宽度，就可以能够改变电流分布方式，从而可以实现对波束宽度的调节以及回波损耗的调节，使得在不同的使用情况下可以得到需要的波束宽度和较小的回波损耗，这样增益就提高了，进而可得的需要的低仰角增益。
另外，由于馈电网络采用宽频带补偿分支导体巴伦馈电网络，所以馈电网络第一同轴电缆70和第二同轴电缆71为一组，并且第一同轴电缆70和第二同轴电缆71为内导体相连，外导体分别连接于对齐辐射片9，也即与辐射片相连接。第二同轴电缆71为直接馈电连接线，输入阻抗为50欧姆，第一同轴电缆70为内导体末端开路设计，阻抗为35欧姆，并且第一同轴电缆70的长度可以根据所设计频段调节进行调整，所以该天线的电流平衡好，并且阻抗匹配带宽可调。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或 者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上所述仅是本发明的具体实施方式，使本领域技术人员能够理解或实现本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所申请的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
工业实用性
本发明提供的该天线，在实际应用中，波束宽度可调，产品本体适应性较强，环形反射板上的反射片主要是用于波束宽度的调节和回波损耗的调节，在实际中，通过调节环形反射板上的高度，也即调整反射片的宽度，就可以能够改变电流分布方式，从而可以实现对波束宽度的调节以及回波损耗的调节，使得在不同的使用情况下可以得到需要的波束宽度和较小的回波损耗，进而可得到需要的低仰角增益和波束宽度，具有很强的工业实用性。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种天线安装座，其特征在于，包括：天线衬底、固定板和环形反射板，其中，
    所述天线衬底为碗型结构，所述碗型结构开口的边缘与所述固定板相固定；所述环形反射板立于所述固定板上且与所述固定板固定；所述环形反射板与所述天线衬底位于所述固定板的同一侧面；
    所述碗型结构内部设置有馈电支撑座。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述天线安装座，其特征在于，所述天线衬底包括：安装平板和四个安装斜板，其中，
    四个安装斜板均匀分布在所述安装平板周围；
    所述安装斜板的第一侧边与所述安装平板的边缘相固定；所述安装斜板的第二侧边与所述固定板相固定，所述第一侧边和第二侧边位置相对；
    所述安装斜板与所述安装平板之间具有夹角。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的天线安装座，其特征在于，所述安装平板上均匀设置有四个穿线通孔，所述馈电支撑座包括四个电缆安装通道，每个电缆安装通道的位置与一个穿线通孔的位置对应。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的天线安装座，其特征在于，所述环形反射板上设置的开口槽为四个；
    四个所述开口槽将所述环形反射板的周长等分，且每个开口槽的中心与两个安装斜板之间的中心位置相对应。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的天线安装座，其特征在于，所述固定板为环形；
    所述碗型结构开口的边缘与所述固定板上环形的内边相固定；
    所述环形反射板与所述固定板上环形的外边相固定，且所述环形反射板与所述固定板相垂直。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的天线安装座，其特征在于，还包括：底板，其中，
    所述底板与所述固定板相固定，且所述底板和所述天线衬底分别位于所述固定板的不同侧面；
    所述底板上设置有安装通孔，所述安装通孔的位置与所述馈电支撑座的位置相对应。
  7. 一种天线，其特征在于，包括：如权利要求1-6任一项所述的天线安装座，还包括：调谐引向器、馈电网络、反射片和辐射片，其中，
    所述天线安装座的安装平板的外表面设置有四个固定柱，且四个所述固定柱在所述安装平板上均匀分布；
    所述调谐引向器通过多个固定柱与所述天线衬底碗型结构底部的外表面相连接，且所述调谐引向器与所述天线衬底之间设置有间隔；
    所述辐射片固定在所述天线衬底的碗型结构的外表面上；
    所述反射片固定在所述环形反射板上，且所述反射片上设置有至少一个开口槽；
    所述馈电网络安装在所述馈电支撑座内，并且所述馈电网络与所述辐射片电连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的天线，其特征在于，所述辐射片包括四个，其中，
    每个辐射片包括第一子部分和第二子部分，四个辐射片的第一子部分均位于所述安装平板上且相互之间设置有间隔，四个辐射片的第一子部分面积相等且均 为三角形；
    每个辐射片的第一子部分上均设置有一个接线通孔和用于穿过固定柱的固定柱通孔；
    四个辐射片的第二子部分的面积相等，且分别位于不同的安装斜面上，所述第二子部分由矩形和三角形组成，且所述矩形第一侧边与所述第一子部分中三角形的长边相连接，所述矩形与所述第一侧边相对的另一侧边，与所述第二子部分的三角形的长边相连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的天线，其特征在于，所述馈电网络包括两对同轴电缆和90度移相器，其中，
    两对同轴电缆在所述馈电支撑座内交错设置；所述90度移相器和两对同轴电缆分别位于所述底板不同侧面；
    每对同轴电缆中包括：第一同轴电缆和第二同轴电缆，所述第一同轴电缆和第二同轴电缆的外导体通过所述接线通孔分别连接一个辐射片，且两对同轴电缆连接的辐射片交错设置；第一同轴电缆的内导体末端开路；第二同轴电缆的内导体与所述90度移相器电连接。
  10. 根据权利要求7-9任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，
    所述调谐引向器为金属板，且所述调谐引向器的形状为圆形；
    和/或；
    所述辐射片为设置在所述天线衬底外表面上的印刷金属层；
    和/或，
    所述反射片为设置在所述环形反射板外表面上的印刷金属层，且所述反射片的形状与所述环形反射板的形状一致。
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