WO2019109675A1 - 一种投射式汽车大灯及其近光照明系统的投射单元 - Google Patents

一种投射式汽车大灯及其近光照明系统的投射单元 Download PDF

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WO2019109675A1
WO2019109675A1 PCT/CN2018/102723 CN2018102723W WO2019109675A1 WO 2019109675 A1 WO2019109675 A1 WO 2019109675A1 CN 2018102723 W CN2018102723 W CN 2018102723W WO 2019109675 A1 WO2019109675 A1 WO 2019109675A1
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Prior art keywords
light
emitting element
optical lens
light emitting
low
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PCT/CN2018/102723
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张洁
谢乐
董世琨
刘洋
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华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201721690942.2U external-priority patent/CN208090585U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201711284580.1A external-priority patent/CN108050482A/zh
Application filed by 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 filed Critical 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司
Publication of WO2019109675A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019109675A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/36—Combinations of two or more separate reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/65—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources
    • F21S41/663—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources by switching light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/40—Cooling of lighting devices
    • F21S45/42—Forced cooling
    • F21S45/43—Forced cooling using gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/40—Cooling of lighting devices
    • F21S45/47—Passive cooling, e.g. using fins, thermal conductive elements or openings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of vehicle lights, in particular to a projection unit of a projection type automobile headlight and a low beam illumination system thereof.
  • Projection lighting systems commonly used in automotive lights generally include a light source, a mirror, a visor, and an optical lens.
  • the mirror is an ellipsoidal shape, and the illuminating center of the light source is disposed at the near focus of the ellipsoidal mirror.
  • the light emitted by the light source is reflected by the ellipsoidal mirror and converges near the far focus of the ellipsoidal mirror.
  • the visor is disposed on the ellipsoidal reflector. At the far focus of the mirror, its shape conforms to the desired shape of the cut-off line, and finally a parallel-like illumination pattern with a cut-off line of light and dark is formed by the optical lens.
  • the conventional lamp projection unit generally includes a light source 1 , a mirror 2 , a visor 3 , and an optical lens 4 .
  • the divergent light emitted by the light source 1 is reflected by the mirror 2 and concentrated near the focus of the optical lens 4 .
  • the light shielding structure 3a of the light shielding plate 3 is also disposed near the focus of the optical lens 4.
  • the shape of the light shielding structure 3a is determined according to the shape of the desired cut-off line, and a part of the light concentrated near the focus of the optical lens 4 is shielded by the light shielding plate 3.
  • the light-shielding structure 3a blocks, forming a dark area, and most of the remaining light is refracted through the lens 4 to form a illumination on the road surface. Therefore, the light-shielding structure 3a of the visor 3 is an important mechanism for forming a cut-off line of a conventional projection unit, which is indispensable, but the light-shielding structure 3a blocks part of the light, resulting in light loss.
  • the single conventional lamp projection unit is difficult to meet the illumination shape, that is, the road illumination range, and the test point brightness requirements of different illumination functions. Therefore, the lighting function is often realized by a combination of a plurality of projection units, resulting in defects such as complicated structure of the lamp, large space occupied by the projection unit, and increased weight of the lamp.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a projection unit of a projection type automobile headlight and a low beam illumination system thereof.
  • the mirror of the projection unit of the present invention is arranged in a parabolic-like shape, and a cut-off line is formed by a parabola boundary, and no setting is required.
  • the shielding plate avoids the light loss caused by the shielding of the visor, improves the light effect, and has a simpler structure, and solves the problem that the traditional lamp structure is complicated and the light loss is large.
  • the projection unit of the present invention is as follows: a projection unit for a vehicle headlight low beam illumination system, the projection unit comprising a first illuminating element, a low beam mirror and an optical lens, the near The reflecting surface of the light reflecting mirror covers the first light emitting element from above, the reflecting surface of the low beam mirror is a parabolic-like surface, the boundary line of the parabolic-like surface is a forming line of a cut-off line, and the first light-emitting element is disposed at At a focus of the low-beam mirror, the light emitted by the first light-emitting element is reflected by the reflective surface, and then irradiated to the optical lens by parallel light in a horizontal direction;
  • the lower edge of the low beam mirror, the first light emitting element and the main optical axis of the optical lens are arranged in the same horizontal line, so that the light that is irradiated to the optical lens, after exiting from the optical lens, forms an illumination path that is refracted downward angle, only
  • the portion below the main optical axis of the optical lens has an illumination light path to form an illumination light pattern having a cut-off line.
  • the low-light illumination projection unit of the invention eliminates the visor structure for forming the cut-off line of the conventional projection type lamp unit, so that the structure of the lamp projection unit of the invention is simpler, and the hood is avoided. Light loss caused by occlusion increases light efficiency.
  • the first light emitting element is an LED light emitting chip
  • the LED light emitting chip is mounted on an LED circuit board.
  • LED lights are energy efficient and environmentally friendly. The luminous efficiency of light reaches 100 lumens/watt or more, which is much higher than that of ordinary incandescent lamps.
  • the LED circuit board is provided with at least one LED light emitting chip.
  • a plurality of LEDs are provided to ensure the light effect.
  • the optical lens is disposed on an optical axis extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle.
  • the invention also provides a projection type automobile headlight, wherein the low beam illumination system of the automobile headlight eliminates the visor, and forms a cut-off line according to a boundary of the reflection surface close to the light mirror to avoid obstruction due to the visor.
  • the resulting light loss improves the light efficiency, and also provides convenience for high beam illumination.
  • the switching of the near and far light can be realized only by controlling the illumination of the light emitting element, so as to solve the complicated structure of the traditional lamp and the light loss is large, and The problem of high cost.
  • the projection type automobile headlight comprises a low beam illumination system and a high beam illumination system, the low beam illumination system comprising the above-mentioned projection unit, the high beam illumination system being provided with a high beam reflector and a second illumination element, and a second
  • the light-emitting element is disposed at a near focus of the high-beam mirror, and the automobile headlight realizes switching between the far and the low beams by controlling the light-emitting and the off of the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element.
  • the invention can complete the switching of the far and the low beam only by controlling the light-emitting and the extinction of the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element. Unlike the conventional vehicle lamp, it is necessary to control the flipping of the light-shieling plate to realize the switching of the far and near light, so that Avoid the wear of the components caused by the flipping of the visor, the overall structure is simpler, the cost is reduced, and the near and far light switching operation is also more convenient.
  • the second light emitting element is an LED light emitting chip, and includes at least one LED light emitting chip. LED lights are energy efficient and environmentally friendly. The luminous efficiency of light reaches 100 lumens/watt or more, which is much higher than that of ordinary incandescent lamps.
  • the automobile headlight is provided with a heat sink and a heat dissipation fan
  • the heat sink has a heat dissipation cavity
  • the heat dissipation fan is disposed in the heat dissipation cavity.
  • LEDs generate a lot of heat during operation, helping the LEDs to dissipate heat through the heat sink, further improving LED light efficiency and extending service life.
  • the cooling fan is placed inside the heat sink, and the heat dissipation fan can speed up the heat dissipation of the heat sink.
  • the heat dissipation chamber is spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction to provide a set of screw holes, and the heat dissipation fan is fixed in the heat dissipation cavity through the screw holes.
  • the heat dissipation fan is composed of a fan fixing seat and a fan rotor, wherein the fan fixing seat is fixed to the inner circumference of the heat dissipation cavity, and the fan rotor is rotatably disposed on the fan fixing On the seat, on the outer wall of the fan rotor and around the circumferential direction of the fan rotor, the fan blades are formed at intervals.
  • the heat sink is a fin type heat sink.
  • the invention achieves the beneficial effects that the invention forms the cut-off line by the parabolic-like boundary, and the light-shielding structure for forming the cut-off line of the traditional projection type lamp unit is omitted, and the structure is simple, including only the light source. Mirrors and optical lenses, while avoiding light loss caused by occlusion of the visor.
  • the parabolic surface illuminates the lens in a nearly horizontal direction, that is, it is irradiated to the incident surface of the lens in a nearly vertical direction. According to the principle that the smaller the incident angle is, the smaller the ratio of the reflected light is, the more light can be made. Refraction into the interior of the lens reduces the loss of reflected light, further enhancing light efficiency.
  • the automobile headlight of the invention can complete the switching of the far and the low beam only by controlling the lighting and the extinction of the first illuminating element and the second illuminating element. Unlike the conventional headlights, it is necessary to control the flipping of the visor to realize the switching of the near and far light. Therefore, the wear of the components due to the flipping of the visor can be avoided, and at the same time, the overall structure is simpler, the cost is reduced, and the near and far light switching operation is also more convenient.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional lamp projection unit
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the illumination of a conventional lamp projection unit
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lamp projection unit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the illumination of the lamp projection unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a low-beam illumination light pattern of the lamp projection unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of the illumination of a high beam illumination system employing a projection unit of the present invention.
  • 1-LED circuit board 2-mirror, 2a-reflecting surface of mirror in low-beam illumination, 2c-reflecting surface of high-beam mirror, 3-shield, 3a-shield cut-off line, 4-optical lens.
  • the projection unit of the low-beam illumination system of the present invention comprises a first light-emitting element, a low-beam mirror and an optical lens, wherein a reflective surface of the low-beam mirror covers the first light-emitting element from above, and a reflective surface of the low-beam mirror is Parabolic-like, the boundary line of the parabolic-like surface is a forming line of a cut-off line, the first illuminating element is disposed at a focus of the low-beam mirror, and the light emitted by the first illuminating element is reflected by the reflecting surface to be horizontal
  • the parallel light of the direction is irradiated to the optical lens; the lower edge of the low beam emitting mirror, the main light axis of the first light emitting element and the optical lens are arranged in the same horizontal line, so that the light irradiated to the optical lens is emitted from the optical lens
  • the illumination path refracted by the downward angle has only an illumination light path at a portion below the
  • the cut-off line of light and dark refers to the boundary between light and dark generated when the light source is illuminated.
  • the light and dark boundary line is set, and the light and dark boundary line will block the light emitted by the low beam lamp, which not only avoids the glare of the headlight, but also causes the light of the low beam of the car to move down, so that the light source is below the car.
  • the radiation is more comprehensive, which is conducive to the car driver to see the road ahead.
  • the low beam mirror is a concave mirror
  • the first light emitting element is mounted on the focal point of the concave mirror so that the scattered light emitted from the light emitting element can be reflected by the concave mirror into parallel light.
  • Optical lenses are used to magnify the light pattern to a certain extent and project onto the road surface.
  • the optical lens is a convex lens, which is divided into an incident surface and an exit surface.
  • the light emitted by the first light-emitting element is reflected by the low-beam mirror, and is irradiated to the incident surface of the optical lens in the form of parallel light, and is incident on the optical lens.
  • the optical lens propagates straight to the exit surface and is refracted to the road surface through the exit surface to form an illumination pattern having a cut-off line.
  • the first light-emitting element of this embodiment is preferably an LED light-emitting chip, but is not limited to the LED light-emitting chip.
  • the LED light-emitting chip is mounted on the LED circuit board, and at least one LED light-emitting chip is disposed.
  • the LED light-emitting chip In order to achieve sufficient brightness while generating lower heat, the LED light-emitting chip must have a sufficiently high light efficiency.
  • the XRE-7090LED is used as the light source of the vehicle, and the luminous efficiency can reach 107 lm/W, and the XRE-7090 LED has a divergence angle of 90 degrees. Most of the light can be reflected by the low beam mirror, and the light utilization efficiency is high. .
  • the reflecting surface 2a of the low-beam mirror is a parabolic-like surface, and the LED light-emitting chip 1a is disposed at the focus of the reflecting surface 2a, and the light emitted by the LED light-emitting chip 1a is reflected by the reflecting surface 2a.
  • the parallel light that forms the near horizontal direction is irradiated onto the incident surface of the optical lens, and the light that is irradiated to the optical lens is incident on the optical lens, and the light is linearly propagated in the optical lens to the exit surface, and is refracted to the road surface through the exit surface.
  • the lower edge of the low-beam mirror, the first light-emitting element, and the main optical axis of the optical lens are arranged in the same horizontal line.
  • the horizontal light reflected from the upper portion of the reflecting surface is higher on the optical lens, and the angle of refraction is higher.
  • FIG. 5 is an illumination light pattern with a cut-off line formed by the emission unit for low-beam illumination. As seen from FIG. 5, the cut-off line of the cut-off line is different in height from left to right and extends in the horizontal direction.
  • the light-dark cut-off line is formed by the parabolic-like boundary, which omits the structure of the light-shielding plate necessary for forming the cut-off line of the conventional projection type lamp unit, and has a simple structure, including only the light source, the mirror and the optical lens. At the same time, avoid the loss of light caused by the occlusion of the visor.
  • the parabolic surface illuminates the lens in a nearly horizontal direction, that is, the light is incident on the incident surface of the lens in a nearly vertical direction
  • Projection car headlights example:
  • the projection type automobile headlight includes a low beam illumination system and a high beam illumination system including the projection unit in the above embodiment.
  • the high beam illumination system is provided with a high beam reflector and a second light emitting element, and the second light emitting element is disposed at a near focus of the high beam mirror, and the automobile headlight controls the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element to be turned on and off. Realize the switching between far and near light.
  • 2c is a reflecting surface of the high beam reflector in the high beam illumination system, and the reflecting surface of the high beam mirror is an ellipsoidal surface, which may also be a paraboloid, and the high beam mirror has far and near two focal points, wherein A second illuminating element is disposed at a near focus, and the far focus is near the focus of the optical lens, and the high beam illumination element 2c is combined with the second illuminating element and the optical lens to achieve high beam illumination.
  • the high beam illumination does not need a cut-off line, but the conventional projection Because the low-light visor needs to be placed near the focus of the optical lens, it affects the high-beam illumination light path.
  • the reversible visor is often provided, and the far and near-light switching is performed by the electromagnetic valve or the motor.
  • a mechanism for switching the position of the visor may cause problems such as complicated structure, increased cost, and easy wear of the mechanical structure.
  • the projection type low beam illumination system provided by the embodiment for omitting the visor also provides convenience for high beam illumination, and only the light and the off control of the first illuminating element and the second illuminating element can complete the far and low beam. Switching, that is, when the first illuminating element is turned on and the second illuminating element is turned off, low beam illumination is achieved; when the first illuminating element is turned off and the second illuminating element is turned on, high beam illumination is achieved.
  • the second light-emitting element and the first light-emitting element of the present embodiment are preferably LED light-emitting chips, but are not limited to LED light-emitting chips.
  • the LED light-emitting chips are mounted on the LED circuit board, and at least one LED light-emitting chip is disposed.
  • a heat sink and a heat dissipating fan are mounted in the headlight of the embodiment.
  • the heat sink has a heat dissipating cavity.
  • the heat dissipating cavity is circumferentially spaced apart from each other by a set of screw holes.
  • the heat dissipating fan is fixed in the heat dissipating cavity through the screw hole. . Since the LED generates a large amount of heat during operation, the heat sink helps the LED to dissipate heat, further improving the LED light effect and prolonging the service life.
  • the cooling fan is placed inside the heat sink, and the heat dissipation fan can speed up the heat dissipation of the heat sink.
  • the heat sink of this embodiment is a finned heat sink.
  • the heat dissipating fan is composed of a fan fixing seat and a fan rotor, wherein the fan fixing seat is fixed to the inner circumference of the heat dissipating cavity, and the fan rotor is rotatably disposed on the fan fixing seat, on the outer wall of the fan rotor and surrounding the circumferential direction of the fan rotor
  • the space is formed by fan blades.
  • the automobile headlight of this embodiment can complete the switching of the far and the low beam only by controlling the light emitting and the extinction of the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element. Unlike the conventional headlights, it is necessary to control the turning of the light shielding plate to realize the far and near light. Switching, therefore, the wear of the components due to the flipping of the visor can be avoided, and at the same time, the overall structure is simpler, the cost is reduced, and the near and far light switching operation is also more convenient.

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Abstract

一种投射式汽车大灯及其近光照明系统的投射单元，包括第一发光元件（1a）、近光反射镜（2）及光学透镜（4）。近光反射镜（2）的反射面（2a）从上方覆盖第一发光元件（1a），近光反射镜（2）的反射面（2a）为类抛物面，类抛物面的边界线为明暗截止线的成型线，第一发光元件（1a）设置在近光反射镜（2）的近焦点处，使第一发光元件（1a）发射的光经过反射面（2a）反射后，以水平方向的平行光照射到光学透镜（4）。近光反射镜（2）的下边缘、第一发光元件（1a）和光学透镜（4）的主光轴呈同一水平线布置，使得照射到光学透镜（4）的光线，从光学透镜（4）出射后，形成向下角度折射的照明光路，只有光学透镜（4）主光轴以下的部分具有照明光路，从而形成具有明暗截止线的照明光型。

Description

一种投射式汽车大灯及其近光照明系统的投射单元 技术领域
本发明涉及车灯技术领域，具体涉及一种投射式汽车大灯及其近光照明系统的投射单元。
背景技术
汽车车灯中常用的投射式照明系统，一般都包括光源、反射镜、遮光板以及光学透镜。反射镜为椭球形，光源的发光中心设置在椭球形反射镜的近焦点处，光源发出的光线经过椭球形反射镜反射后汇聚于椭球形反射镜的远焦点附近，遮光板设置于椭球形反射镜的远焦点处，其形状与所要求的明暗截止线形状一致，最后通过光学透镜形成带有明暗截止线的类平行光照明光形。
如图1所示，现有车灯投射单元一般包括光源1、反射镜2、遮光板3及光学透镜4，光源1发出的发散光经过反射镜2反射后汇聚至光学透镜4的焦点附近，遮光板3的遮光结构3a同样设置在光学透镜4的焦点附近，遮光结构3a的形状根据所需明暗截止线的形状而确定，汇聚至光学透镜4的焦点附近的光线中的一部分被遮光板3的遮光结构3a遮挡，形成暗区，其余大部分光线经过透镜4折射到路面形成照明。所以遮光板3的遮光结构3a是传统投射单元形成明暗截止线的重要机理，不可或缺，但由于遮光结构3a会对部分光线形成遮挡，导致光线损失。
另外，由于光源1的输出光通量限制，以及传统车灯投射单元光效较低，单一传统车灯投射单元很难满足照明光形，即路面照射范围，以及法规对不同照明功能的测试点亮度要求，所以，往往通过多个投射单元的组合来实现照明功能，导致车灯结构复杂、投射单元占用空间大、车灯重量加重等缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种投射式汽车大灯及其近光照明系统的投射单元，本发明投射单元的反射镜设置为类抛物面的形状，通过抛物面的边界来形成明暗截止线，不需要设置遮挡板，避免由于遮光板的遮挡而导致的光线损失，提高光效，而且结构也更加简单，用以解决传统车灯结构复杂，且光线损失较大的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明投射单元的方案如下：一种用于汽车大灯近光照明系统的投射单元，所述的投射单元包括第一发光元件、近光反射镜及光学透镜，所述近光反射镜的反射面从上方覆盖第一发光元件，所述近光反射镜的反射面为类抛物面，所述类抛物面的边界线为明暗截止线的成型线，所述第一发光元件设置在近光反射镜的焦点处，使第一发光元件发射的光经过反射面反射后，以水平方向的平行光照射到光学透镜；
所述近光反射镜的下边缘、第一发光元件和光学透镜的主光轴呈同一水平线布置，使得照射到光学透镜的光线，从光学透镜出射后，形成向下角度折射的照明光路，只有光学透镜主光轴以下的部分具有照明光路，从而形成具有明暗截止线的照明光型。
本发明的近光照明投射单元省去了传统投射式车灯单元所必须的用于形成明暗截止线的遮光板结构,使得本发明车灯投射单元的结构更加简单，同时避免了由于遮光板的遮挡而导致的光线损失，提高了光效。
进一步地，根据本发明所述的投射单元，所述第一发光元件为LED发光芯片，所述LED发光芯片安装在LED线路板上。LED灯节能环保。光的发光效率达到100流明/瓦以上，比普通白炽灯的发光效率高很多。
进一步地，根据本发明所述的投射单元，所述LED线路板上设置有至少一个LED发光芯片。为了保证发光亮度，设置多个LED，可以保证光效。
进一步地，根据本发明所述的投射单元，所述光学透镜配置于沿车辆前后方向延伸的光轴上。
本发明还提供了一种投射式汽车大灯，该汽车大灯的近光照明系统省去了遮光板，依靠近光反射镜的反射面边界来形成明暗截止线，避免由于遮光板的遮挡而导致的光线损失，提高光效，同时也为远光照明提供了便利，仅通过控制发光元件的亮灭即可实现远近光的切换，用以解决传统车灯结构复杂，光线损失较大，且成本高的问题。
所述投射式汽车大灯包括近光照明系统和远光照明系统，所述近光照明系统包括上 述的投射单元，所述远光照明系统设置有远光反射镜和第二发光元件，第二发光元件设置于远光反射镜的近焦点处，所述汽车大灯通过控制第一发光元件和第二发光元件的亮、灭，实现远、近光的切换。
本发明仅通过控制第一发光元件和第二发光元件的亮、灭，就可以完成远、近光的切换，不像传统车灯那样，需要控制遮光板的翻转实现远近光切换，因此，可以避免由于遮光板翻转造成的部件磨损，整体结构更加简单，降低成本，远近光切换操作也更加简便。
进一步地，根据本发明所述的投射式汽车大灯，所述的第二发光元件为LED发光芯片，且包括至少一个LED发光芯片。LED灯节能环保。光的发光效率达到100流明/瓦以上，比普通白炽灯的发光效率高很多。
进一步地，根据本发明所述的投射式汽车大灯，所述汽车大灯内安装有散热器和散热风扇，所述散热器具有散热腔，所述散热风扇设置于散热腔内。LED在工作中会产生大量的热，通过散热器帮助LED散热，进一步提高LED光效，延长使用寿命。同时，将散热风扇置于散热器内部，通过散热风扇能够加快散热器的散热速度。
进一步地，根据本发明所述的投射式汽车大灯，所述散热腔沿圆周方向间隔开设有一组螺钉孔，所述散热风扇通过螺钉孔固定在散热腔内。
进一步地，根据本发明所述的投射式汽车大灯，所述散热风扇由风扇固定座和风扇转子组成，其中，风扇固定座与散热腔的内圆周固定，风扇转子可转动地设置在风扇固定座上，在该风扇转子的外壁上并且围绕风扇转子的圆周方向，间隔构成有风扇叶片。
进一步地，根据本发明所述的投射式汽车大灯，所述散热器为翅片式散热器。
本发明达到的有益效果：本发明通过类抛物面的边界来形成明暗截止线，省去了传统投射式车灯单元所必须的用于形成明暗截止线的遮光板结构,结构简单，仅包括光源、反射镜及光学透镜，同时避免遮光板的遮挡而导致的光线损失。
由于类抛物面反射出来的光线以接近水平的方向照射到透镜，即以接近垂直的方向照射到透镜的入射面，根据入射角越小，反射光占比越小的原理，可以使更多的光线折射入透镜内部，反射光的损失减少，从而进一步提高光效。
本发明的汽车大灯仅通过控制第一发光元件和第二发光元件的亮、灭，就可以完成 远、近光的切换，不像传统车灯那样，需要控制遮光板的翻转实现远近光切换，因此，可以避免由于遮光板翻转造成的部件磨损，同时，整体结构更加简单，降低成本，远近光切换操作也更加简便。
附图说明
图1是传统车灯投射单元的结构示意图；
图2是传统车灯投射单元的发光示意图；
图3是本发明车灯投射单元的结构示意图；
图4是本发明车灯投射单元的发光示意图；
图5是本发明车灯投射单元的近光照明光型图；
图6是采用本发明投射单元的远光照明系统的发光示意图。
1-LED线路板，2-反射镜，2a-近光照明中反射镜的反射面，2c-远光反射镜的反射面，3-遮光板，3a-遮光板截止线，4-光学透镜。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体的实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
近光照明系统的投射单元实施例：
本发明近光照明系统的投射单元包括第一发光元件、近光反射镜及光学透镜，所述近光反射镜的反射面从上方覆盖第一发光元件，所述近光反射镜的反射面为类抛物面，所述类抛物面的边界线为明暗截止线的成型线，所述第一发光元件设置在近光反射镜的焦点处，使第一发光元件发射的光经过反射面反射后，以水平方向的平行光照射到光学透镜；所述近光发射镜的下边缘、第一发光元件和光学透镜的主光轴呈同一水平线布置，使得照射到光学透镜的光线，从光学透镜出射后，形成向下角度折射的照明光路，只有光学透镜主光轴以下的部分具有照明光路，从而形成具有明暗截止线的照明光型。
明暗截止线是指光源照射时产生的明暗交界线。在汽车近光灯设置明暗交界线，明暗交界线会对近光灯发出的光线产生阻挡作用，不仅可避免车灯过于刺眼，同时可使汽 车近光灯的光线下移，使得光源对汽车下方的照射更为全面，有利于汽车驾驶员看清前方路况。
近光反射镜是凹面镜，第一发光元件安装在凹面镜的焦点上，这样可以把发光元件发出的散射光通过凹面镜反射成平行光射出。光学透镜用来把光型放大到一定程度，投射到路面。光学透镜为凸透镜，分为入射面和出射面，第一发光元件发出的光经过近光反射镜的反射，以类平行光的形式照射到光学透镜的入射面，并射入光学透镜，光线在光学透镜内直线传播至出射面，并经过出射面折射至路面，形成具有明暗截止线的照明光型。
本实施例的第一发光元件优选为LED发光芯片，但不局限于LED发光芯片，LED发光芯片安装在LED线路板上，且设置至少一个LED发光芯片。
为了达到足够的亮度，同时产生较低的热量，LED发光芯片必须有足够高的光效。本实施例采用了XRE-7090LED作为车灯光源，其发光效率可以达到107lm/W，且XRE-7090LED发散角为90度，绝大部分光线可以通过近光反射镜进行反射，光线利用效率较高。
如图3和图4，近光照明系统中，近光反射镜的反射面2a为类抛物面，反射面2a的焦点处设置LED发光芯片1a，LED发光芯片1a发出的光线经过反射面2a的反射后，形成接近水平方向的平行光照射到光学透镜的入射面，照射到光学透镜的光线射入光学透镜，光线在光学透镜内直线传播至出射面，并经过出射面折射至路面。近光反射镜的下边缘、第一发光元件、光学透镜的主光轴呈同一水平线布置，反射面越靠上部分反射出的水平光线，照射到光学透镜上的位置也越靠上，折射角度也越大，从光学透镜出射后，形成向下角度折射的照明光路，因此，经过光学透镜主光轴以上的部分没有照明光路，由此形成具有明暗截止线的照明光型。
如图5为该发射单元用于近光照明形成的具有明暗截止线的照明光型图，从图5看出，明暗截止线左右高低不同，并沿水平方向延伸。
本实施例通过类抛物面的边界来形成明暗截止线，省去了传统投射式车灯单元所必须的用于形成明暗截止线的遮光板结构,结构简单，仅包括光源、反射镜及光学透镜，同时避免遮光板的遮挡而导致的光线损失。
另外，由于类抛物面反射出来的光线以接近水平的方向照射到透镜，即以接近垂直的方向照射到透镜的入射面，根据入射角越小，反射光占比越小的原理，可以使更多的光线折射入透镜内部，反射光的损失减少，从而进一步提高光效。
投射式汽车大灯实施例：
投射式汽车大灯包括近光照明系统和远光照明系统，所述近光照明系统包括上述实施例中的投射单元。远光照明系统设置有远光反射镜和第二发光元件，第二发光元件设置于远光反射镜的近焦点处，汽车大灯通过控制第一发光元件和第二发光元件的亮、灭，实现远、近光的切换。
图6中，2c为远光照明系统中的远光反射镜的反射面，远光反射镜的反射面为椭球面，也可以为抛物面，远光反射镜具有远、近两个焦点，其中，近焦点处设置有第二发光元件，远焦点在光学透镜的焦点附近，通过远光反射面2c结合第二发光元件及光学透镜来实现远光照明，远光照明无需明暗截止线，但传统投射式车灯系统由于近光遮光板需要设置在光学透镜焦点附近，对远光照明光路造成影响，所以往往设置可翻转遮光板，通过电磁阀或电机进行远、近光切换。但这种切换遮光板位置的机构会导致结构复杂、增加成本、机械结构易磨损等问题。
本实施例提供的省去遮光板的投射式近光照明系统，也为远光照明提供便利，仅通过第一发光元件和第二发光元件的亮、灭控制，就可以完成远、近光的切换，即：当第一发光元件点亮，第二发光元件熄灭时，实现近光照明；当第一发光元件熄灭，第二发光元件点亮时，实现远光照明。
本实施例的第二发光元件和第一发光元件优选为LED发光芯片，但不局限于LED发光芯片，LED发光芯片安装在LED线路板上，且设置至少一个LED发光芯片。
本实施例的汽车大灯内安装有散热器和散热风扇，所述散热器具有散热腔，所述散热腔沿圆周方向间隔开设有一组螺钉孔，所述散热风扇通过螺钉孔固定在散热腔内。由于LED在工作中会产生大量的热，通过散热器帮助LED散热，进一步提高LED光效，延长使用寿命。同时，将散热风扇置于散热器内部，通过散热风扇能够加快散热器的散热速度。
本实施例的散热器为翅片式散热器。散热风扇由风扇固定座和风扇转子组成，其中，风扇固定座与散热腔的内圆周固定，风扇转子可转动地设置在风扇固定座上，在该风扇转子的外壁上并且围绕风扇转子的圆周方向，间隔构成有风扇叶片。
本实施例的汽车大灯仅通过控制第一发光元件和第二发光元件的亮、灭，就可以完成远、近光的切换，不像传统车灯那样，需要控制遮光板的翻转实现远近光切换，因此，可以避免由于遮光板翻转造成的部件磨损，同时，整体结构更加简单，降低成本，远近光切换操作也更加简便。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于汽车大灯近光照明系统的投射单元，所述的投射单元包括第一发光元件、近光反射镜及光学透镜，所述近光反射镜的反射面从上方覆盖第一发光元件，其特征在于：
    所述近光反射镜的反射面为类抛物面，所述类抛物面的边界线为明暗截止线的成型线，所述第一发光元件设置在近光反射镜的焦点处，使第一发光元件发射的光经过反射面反射后，以水平方向的平行光照射到光学透镜；
    所述近光反射镜的下边缘、第一发光元件和光学透镜的主光轴呈同一水平线布置，使得照射到光学透镜的光线，从光学透镜出射后，形成向下角度折射的照明光路，只有光学透镜主光轴以下的部分具有照明光路，从而形成具有明暗截止线的照明光型。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的投射单元，其特征在于，所述第一发光元件为LED发光芯片，所述LED发光芯片安装在LED线路板上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的投射单元，其特征在于，所述LED线路板上设置有至少一个LED发光芯片。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的投射单元，其特征在于，所述光学透镜配置于沿车辆前后方向延伸的光轴上。
  5. 一种投射式汽车大灯，所述投射式汽车大灯包括近光照明系统和远光照明系统，其特征在于：所述近光照明系统包括权利要求1-4任一项所述的投射单元，所述远光照明系统设置有远光反射镜和第二发光元件，第二发光元件设置于远光反射镜的近焦点处，所述汽车大灯通过控制第一发光元件和第二发光元件的亮、灭，实现远、近光的切换。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的投射式汽车大灯，其特征在于，所述的第二发光元件为LED发光芯片，且包括至少一个LED发光芯片。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的投射式汽车大灯，其特征在于，所述汽车大灯内安装有散热器和散热风扇，所述散热器具有散热腔，所述散热风扇设置于散热腔内。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的投射式汽车大灯，其特征在于，所述散热腔沿圆周方向间 隔开设有一组螺钉孔，所述散热风扇通过螺钉孔固定在散热腔内。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的投射式汽车大灯，其特征在于，所述散热风扇由风扇固定座和风扇转子组成，其中，风扇固定座与散热腔的内圆周固定，风扇转子可转动地设置在风扇固定座上，在该风扇转子的外壁上并且围绕风扇转子的圆周方向，间隔构成有风扇叶片。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的投射式汽车大灯，其特征在于，所述散热器为翅片式散热器。
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