WO2019100787A1 - 轴承冷却结构、电机及离心式压缩机 - Google Patents

轴承冷却结构、电机及离心式压缩机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019100787A1
WO2019100787A1 PCT/CN2018/102517 CN2018102517W WO2019100787A1 WO 2019100787 A1 WO2019100787 A1 WO 2019100787A1 CN 2018102517 W CN2018102517 W CN 2018102517W WO 2019100787 A1 WO2019100787 A1 WO 2019100787A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
bearing
conveying
disposed
rotating shaft
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/102517
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钟瑞兴
刘华
张治平
蒋楠
雷连冬
陈玉辉
刘增岳
欧阳鑫望
蒋彩云
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Gree Wuhan Electric Appliances Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Gree Wuhan Electric Appliances Co Ltd
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Application filed by Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai, Gree Wuhan Electric Appliances Co Ltd filed Critical Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Publication of WO2019100787A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019100787A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C37/00—Cooling of bearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2380/00—Electrical apparatus
    • F16C2380/26—Dynamo-electric machines or combinations therewith, e.g. electro-motors and generators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of bearing cooling, and in particular to a bearing cooling structure, a motor therewith and a centrifugal compressor.
  • Oil-free, high-efficiency and miniaturization are the development direction of centrifuges. At present, there are two technical routes of magnetic suspension and gas suspension.
  • the gas bearing has the advantages of no oil, simple structure, small bearing loss, low cost, small bearing clearance, small leakage loss in the compressor, and easy maintenance.
  • the air suspension bearing has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, and is not affected by the power failure, and has certain technical advantages.
  • the existing air suspension bearing is mainly composed of an elastic foil dynamic pressure bearing.
  • the working principle is that the rotating shaft is in contact with the flat foil of the inner ring of the bearing before the rotating shaft rotates, and the wave foil plays a role of rigidity support.
  • the rotating shaft rotates to a certain speed (takeoff speed)
  • the airflow entering from the free end of the flat foil is pressed against the flat foil, and the wave foil is correspondingly bent according to the load to obtain the rigidity transmitted to the air film, and the air film with rigidity will float the shaft.
  • the rotating shaft Before the take-off speed, the rotating shaft is in contact with the inner ring of the bearing, which means that the rotating shaft and the inner ring will frictionally generate heat. Moreover, even in normal operation, due to changes in working conditions or malfunctions, the shaft is likely to come into contact with the inner ring, which brings a very important problem: heat will change the performance of the elastic foil, such as elasticity. The coefficient deviates from the design point, which in turn affects the support stiffness produced by the bearing.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a bearing cooling structure in which a shaft hole for rotating a rotating shaft including a first conveying structure disposed on an axial first side of the bearing and/or a shaft disposed on the bearing a second conveying structure to the second side, the first conveying structure capable of rotating the cooling medium on the axial first side of the bearing toward the rotating shaft and the hole wall of the shaft hole when the rotating shaft rotates
  • the second conveying structure is capable of conveying the cooling medium between the rotating shaft and the hole wall of the shaft hole to the axial second side of the bearing when the rotating shaft rotates.
  • the cooling structure includes a first end piece, the first end piece is provided with a first hole, the rotating shaft can be disposed in the first hole, and the first conveying structure is disposed in the The wall of the first hole; and/or,
  • the cooling structure includes a second end piece, the second end piece is provided with a second hole, the rotating shaft can be disposed in the second hole, and the second conveying structure is disposed in the second hole On the wall of the hole.
  • the first conveying structure comprises at least one first spiral conveying groove disposed on a hole wall of the first hole, and a spiral direction of the first spiral conveying groove is consistent with a rotating direction of the rotating shaft; and /or,
  • the second conveying structure includes at least one second spiral conveying groove disposed on a hole wall of the second hole, and a spiral direction of the second spiral conveying groove is consistent with a rotating direction of the rotating shaft.
  • the first spiral conveying groove and/or the second spiral conveying groove are multi-head spiral grooves.
  • the pitch of the first spiral conveying groove is greater than or equal to the pitch of the second spiral conveying groove, and/or the number of the pitch of the first spiral conveying groove is greater than or equal to that of the second spiral conveying groove Quantity.
  • the first hole of the first end piece includes a first conveying portion, a first collecting portion and a diverting portion disposed along a flow direction of the cooling medium, and the first auger conveying groove is disposed at the first conveying
  • the first current collecting portion is configured to collect the cooling medium conveyed by the first conveying portion
  • the dividing portion is configured to divert the cooling medium in the first collecting portion to the rotating shaft Between the wall of the hole with the shaft hole.
  • the aperture of the first current collecting portion is larger than the diameter of the first conveying portion.
  • a diameter of the first current collecting portion is larger than an aperture of the flow dividing portion, a stepped surface is formed between the first current collecting portion and the flow dividing portion, and the stepped surface is provided with the connecting portion a collecting portion and a dividing hole of the shaft hole;
  • a flow dividing groove that communicates the first current collecting portion and the shaft hole is disposed in a hole wall of the flow dividing portion.
  • the bearing is a radial elastic foil bearing
  • a foil is disposed in the shaft hole of the radial elastic foil bearing
  • the foil comprises a wave foil attached to the hole wall of the shaft hole.
  • a flat foil disposed radially inward of the wave foil, the hole wall of the shaft hole and the wave foil form a plurality of third holes arranged in a circumferential direction, the wave foil and the Forming a plurality of fourth holes arranged in a circumferential direction between the flat foils;
  • the plurality of split holes are provided, and the plurality of the split holes correspond to the plurality of third hole positions; and/or
  • the splitter groove is provided in plurality, and the plurality of splitter slots correspond to the plurality of fourth hole positions.
  • the second hole of the second end piece includes a second current collecting portion and a second conveying portion disposed along a flow direction of the cooling medium, and the second spiral conveying groove is disposed at a hole of the second conveying portion On the wall, the second current collecting portion is for collecting a cooling medium flowing between the rotating shaft and the hole wall of the shaft hole.
  • the aperture of the second current collecting portion gradually decreases in the flow direction of the cooling medium.
  • the inlet diameter of the second current collecting portion is greater than or equal to the diameter of the shaft hole.
  • the first end piece and/or the second end piece are embedded on an end face of the bearing.
  • a motor including a rotating shaft and a bearing for supporting the rotating shaft, and a bearing cooling structure as described above.
  • the electric machine further includes a stator, the axial first side of the bearing being a side close to the stator, and the axial second side of the bearing being a side away from the stator.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a centrifugal compressor comprising a motor structure as described above.
  • the bearing cooling structure provided by the present invention comprises a conveying structure disposed on at least one side of the bearing.
  • the rotating shaft can cooperate with the first and second conveying structures to form a driving force for the cooling medium, so that the cooling medium enters the rotating shaft and the shaft.
  • the bearings are well cooled to avoid deformation of the bearings and affect the operational reliability of the motor with them.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a motor at a bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of A in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the end face structure of a bearing provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 shows an enlarged view of B in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a bearing provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view showing an end surface of a first end piece according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 shows an enlarged view of the portion C in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a first end piece provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a second end piece provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present application provides a bearing cooling structure for introducing a cooling medium into a space between a bearing and a rotating shaft to cool the bearing well, and the following describes the various implementations of the bearing cooling structure applied to the motor as an example.
  • the electric machine can be, for example, a motor part of a compressor, in particular a centrifugal compressor.
  • the bearing cooling structure is also suitable for use in other devices that require cooling of the bearing.
  • the motor comprises a stator 1 and a rotor 2, a portion of which is rotated by a shaft 21 of the rotor 2 and supported on a bearing 3, and a bearing 3 is supported on a bracket 6, which is preferably a radial elastic foil bearing.
  • the bearing 3 is provided with a shaft hole 31 for rotating the rotating shaft.
  • the shaft hole 31 of the radial elastic foil bearing 3 is provided with a foil, and the foil includes a hole wall with the shaft hole 31.
  • a plurality of fourth holes 35 are circumferentially arranged between the foil foil 32 and the flat foil 33.
  • the third hole 34 has a substantially semi-circular cross section
  • the fourth hole 35 has a substantially cross section. Trapezoidal.
  • the rotary shaft 21 penetrates into the flat foil 33 and is rotatable within the flat foil 33.
  • the cooling structure comprises a first conveying structure 41 arranged on the first axial side of the bearing 3, for example near the side of the stator 1, the first conveying structure 41 being able to be located on the first axial side of the bearing 3 when the rotating shaft 21 is rotated
  • a cooling medium such as a motor cavity gas (generally 25 ° C) is conveyed between the rotating shaft 21 and the hole wall of the shaft hole 31.
  • the cooling structure includes a second side disposed on the axial side of the bearing 3, for example, a side away from the stator 1.
  • the second conveying structure 51 when the rotating shaft 21 rotates, the second conveying structure 51 can convey the cooling medium between the rotating shaft 21 and the hole wall of the shaft hole 31 to the second side in the axial direction of the bearing 3.
  • the motor cavity gas enters the space between the shaft hole 31 and the rotating shaft 21 by the first conveying structure 41 to exchange heat with the foil to cool the foil, and the heat exchanged gas.
  • the cooperation of the first conveying structure 41 and the second conveying structure 51 enables the motor cavity gas to circulate into the bearing 3 to cool the foil of the bearing 3, thereby avoiding the foil temperature High affects the support stiffness of the bearing 3.
  • the first and second conveying structures may be any structure capable of rotationally engaging with the rotating shaft 21 to form a urging force against the cooling medium, for example, the extending direction of the first and second conveying structures and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 21 are not zero.
  • the angle of the In order to facilitate the arrangement of the transport structure, preferably, as shown in FIG. 1, the cooling structure comprises a first end piece 4 on a first side of the bearing 3 and a second end piece 5 on a second side of the bearing 3.
  • the first end piece 4 and the second end piece 5 preferably have a plate-like structure, and further preferably have an annular plate-like structure.
  • the first end piece 4 is provided with a first hole 42 through which the rotating shaft 21 passes.
  • the first conveying structure 41 is disposed on the hole wall of the first hole 42, and similarly, the second end piece 5 is provided with a rotating shaft.
  • the second through hole 52 passes through the second hole 52, and the second conveying structure 51 is disposed on the wall of the hole of the second hole 52.
  • the first end piece 4 and the second end piece 5 also play a certain supporting role on the rotating shaft 21.
  • the first conveying structure 41 is preferably a first spiral conveying groove 411
  • the second conveying structure 51 is preferably a second spiral conveying groove 511, the spiral direction of the first spiral conveying groove 411 and the second spiral conveying groove 511 and the rotation axis 21
  • the direction of rotation is uniform, so that the rotation of the cooling medium is achieved by cooperation with the rotating shaft 21.
  • the first end piece 4 and the second end piece 5 may be formed as a unitary structure with the bearing 3, or may be a separate structure.
  • the first end piece 4, the second end piece 5 and the bearing 3 are formed as a separate structure.
  • the first end piece 4 and the second end piece 5 are embedded on the end surface of the bearing 3, preferably, as shown in FIG. 5, the bearing end 3 is provided with a receiving groove 36 on both end faces thereof, At least part of the structure of the one end piece 4 and the second end piece 5 is embedded in the accommodating groove 36.
  • the first spiral conveying groove 411 and the second spiral conveying groove 511 may be recessed by the hole walls of the first hole 42 and the second hole 52, respectively, or may be disposed on the hole walls of the first hole 42 and the second hole 52.
  • the protrusions of the spiral extending between the adjacent protrusions form a first spiral conveying groove 411 or a second spiral conveying groove 511.
  • a threaded structure is provided on the wall of the first hole 42 and the second hole 52, and the first spiral conveying groove 411 and the second spiral conveying groove 511 are formed by a screw structure.
  • the first spiral conveying groove 411 and the second spiral conveying groove 511 are preferably continuously extended from one axial end to the other end of the first hole 42 or the second hole 52, and the number of the first spiral conveying groove 411 and the second spiral conveying groove 511 is not
  • the first spiral conveying groove 411 and the second spiral conveying groove 511 are each formed as a multi-head spiral groove, that is, formed with a multi-start thread, in order to increase the conveying capacity of the cooling medium. A similar structure.
  • the structures of the first spiral conveying groove 411 and the second spiral conveying groove 511 may be the same or different.
  • the number of pitches of the first spiral conveying groove 411 is larger than the pitch of the second spiral conveying groove 511, and/or the number of the pitch of the first spiral conveying groove 411 is larger than the number of the second spiral conveying grooves 511, even if The conveying capacity of the first spiral conveying groove 411 is greater than the conveying capacity of the second spiral conveying groove 511, that is, the cooling medium entering amount of the bearing 3 is greater than the cooling medium output amount, thereby generating a certain pressure in the foil of the bearing 3, Thereby improving the cooling effect on the foil.
  • the pitch and the number of the first spiral conveying grooves 411 are the same as those of the second spiral conveying grooves 511, that is, the conveying capacity of the first spiral conveying grooves 411 is the same as that of the second spiral conveying grooves 511, thereby ensuring the entry and exit of the bearings. 3 The uniformity of fluid flow.
  • the first hole 42 includes a first conveying portion 421, a first collecting portion 422, and a diverting portion 423 which are disposed along the flow direction of the cooling medium, the first spiral
  • the conveying groove 411 is disposed on the hole wall of the first conveying portion 421
  • the first collecting portion 422 is for collecting the cooling medium conveyed by the first conveying portion 421
  • the cooling medium is branched and uniformly distributed to the shaft hole by the dividing portion 423. The space between 31 and the shaft 21.
  • the aperture of the first current collecting portion 422 is larger than the aperture of the first conveying portion 421, such that the space between the hole wall of the first current collecting portion 422 and the rotating shaft 21 forms a manifold, and the first conveying portion 421 conveys The cooling medium is charged into the manifold.
  • the flow dividing portion 423 is provided with a flow dividing structure 43.
  • the flow dividing structure 43 can be any structure capable of uniformly feeding the cooling medium in the first current collecting portion 422 between the shaft hole 31 and the rotating shaft 21, for example, it can be evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.
  • the aperture of the first current collecting portion 422 is larger than the diameter of the flow dividing portion 423, so that a step surface is formed between the first current collecting portion 422 and the flow dividing portion 423, as shown in FIG. 7 and As shown in FIG.
  • a flow dividing hole 431 that communicates with the first header portion 422 and the shaft hole 31 is provided on the step surface, and a first current collecting portion 422 and a shaft hole may be provided on the hole wall of the branching portion 423.
  • the splitter slot 432 of 31 is provided on the step surface, and a first current collecting portion 422 and a shaft hole may be provided on the hole wall of the branching portion 423.
  • the plurality of diverting holes 431 are provided, and the plurality of diverting holes 431 are respectively connected with the plurality of third holes of the radial elastic foil bearing.
  • 34 positions correspond to each other, and accordingly, a plurality of diverting grooves 432 are provided, and the plurality of diverting grooves 432 respectively correspond to the positions of the plurality of fourth holes 35 of the radial elastic foil bearing 3, and thus, the shunting disposed on the diverting portion 423
  • the structure 43 is capable of separately diverting the cooling medium into the third hole 34 and the fourth hole 35, so that the respective foils can be well cooled.
  • the second hole 52 includes a second collecting portion 521 and a second conveying portion 522 which are disposed along the flow direction of the cooling medium, and the second spiral conveying groove 511 is disposed at the second conveying portion 522
  • the second collecting portion 521 collects the cooling medium flowing out of the space between the shaft hole 31 and the rotating shaft 21, and the second conveying portion 522 discharges the cooling medium in the second collecting portion 521.
  • the aperture of the second current collecting portion 521 gradually decreases along the flow direction of the cooling medium, for example, the second current collecting portion 521 is formed into a truncated cone shape, and further The inlet diameter of the second header portion 521 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the shaft hole 31, and these structures can achieve the purpose of improving the collection effect.
  • the bearing cooling structure provided by the present application can force the cooling medium to flow between the rotating shaft 21 and the shaft hole 31 to cool the bearing 3, thereby preventing the bearing 3 from being deformed and affecting the operational reliability of the motor having the same.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种轴承冷却结构、电机及离心式压缩机，轴承冷却结构包括设置在轴承（3）的轴向第一侧的第一输送结构（41）和/或设置在轴承（3）的轴向第二侧的第二输送结构（51），第一输送结构（41）能够在转轴（21）转动时将位于轴承（3）的轴向第一侧的冷却介质向转轴（21）与轴孔（31）的孔壁之间输送，第二输送结构（51）能够在转轴（21）转动时将转轴（21）与轴孔（31）的孔壁之间的冷却介质向轴承（3）的轴向第二侧输送。当转轴（21）转动时，转轴（21）能够与输送结构配合形成对冷却介质的推动力，使得冷却介质进入转轴（21）与轴孔（31）之间，以对轴承（3）进行很好的冷却，从而避免轴承（3）发生变形而影响具有其的电机（1）的运行可靠性。

Description

轴承冷却结构、电机及离心式压缩机 技术领域
本发明涉及轴承冷却领域，具体涉及一种轴承冷却结构、具有其的电机及离心式压缩机。
背景技术
无油、高效、小型化是离心机的发展方向，目前主要有磁悬浮和气悬浮两种技术路线。气体轴承具有无油、结构简单、轴承损失小，成本低，同时轴承间隙小，压缩机内漏损失小、易于维护等优点。与磁悬浮轴承相比，气悬浮轴承结构简单，易于维护，不受停电故障的影响，具有一定的技术优势。
现有的气悬浮轴承以弹性箔片动压轴承占主体，其工作原理是：转轴在转动前，转轴与轴承内圈的平箔片接触，波箔片起刚度支撑作用。当转轴转动达到一定转速时(起飞速度)，从平箔片自由端进入的气流压向平箔片，波箔片根据载荷产生相应弯曲而获取刚度传递至气膜，具有刚度的气膜将转轴浮起使转轴悬浮状态工作。
从轴承的工作原理得知：在起飞转速前，转轴是与轴承内圈接触的，这意味着转轴与内圈会摩擦发热。而且就算在正常运行过程中，由于工况的变化或故障等原因，转轴也很有可能与内圈接触，这就带来一个很重要问题：热量会使弹性箔片的性能发生改变，如弹性系数偏离设计点，进而影响轴承所产生的支撑刚度。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的之一是提供一种能够对轴承进行有效冷却的轴承冷却结构、具有其的电机及离心式压缩机。
为达上述目的，一方面，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种轴承冷却结构，所述轴承中设置有供转轴转动的轴孔，所述冷 却结构包括设置在所述轴承的轴向第一侧的第一输送结构和/或设置在所述轴承的轴向第二侧的第二输送结构，所述第一输送结构能够在所述转轴转动时将位于所述轴承的轴向第一侧的冷却介质向所述转轴与所述轴孔的孔壁之间输送，所述第二输送结构能够在所述转轴转动时将所述转轴与所述轴孔的孔壁之间的冷却介质向所述轴承的轴向第二侧输送。
优选地，所述冷却结构包括第一端件，所述第一端件上设置有第一孔，所述转轴能够穿设在所述第一孔内，所述第一输送结构设置在所述第一孔的孔壁上；和/或，
所述冷却结构包括第二端件，所述第二端件上设置有第二孔，所述转轴能够穿设在所述第二孔内，所述第二输送结构设置在所述第二孔的孔壁上。
优选地，所述第一输送结构包括设置在所述第一孔的孔壁上的至少一条第一螺旋输送槽，所述第一螺旋输送槽的螺旋方向与所述转轴的转动方向一致；和/或，
所述第二输送结构包括设置在所述第二孔的孔壁上的至少一条第二螺旋输送槽，所述第二螺旋输送槽的螺旋方向与所述转轴的转动方向一致。
优选地，所述第一螺旋输送槽和/或所述第二螺旋输送槽为多头螺旋槽。
优选地，所述第一螺旋输送槽的螺距大于或等于所述第二螺旋输送槽的螺距，和/或所述第一螺旋输送槽的螺距的数量大于或者等于所述第二螺旋输送槽的数量。
优选地，所述第一端件的第一孔包括沿冷却介质的流动方向设置的第一输送部、第一集流部和分流部，所述第一螺旋输送槽设置在所述第一输送部的孔壁上，所述第一集流部用于收集所述第一输送部输送的冷却介质，所述分流部用于将所述第一集流部中的冷却介质分流到所述转轴与所述轴孔的孔壁之间。
优选地，所述第一集流部的孔径大于所述第一输送部的孔径。
优选地，所述第一集流部的孔径大于所述分流部的孔径，在所述第一集流部与所述分流部之间形成台阶面，所述台阶面上设置有连通所述 第一集流部和所述轴孔的分流孔；
和/或，
所述分流部的孔壁上设置有连通所述第一集流部和所述轴孔的分流槽。
优选地，所述轴承为径向弹性箔片轴承，所述径向弹性箔片轴承的轴孔内设置有箔片，所述箔片包括与所述轴孔的孔壁贴合的波箔片以及设置在所述波箔片径向内侧的平箔片，所述轴孔的孔壁与所述波箔片之间形成沿周向布置的多个第三孔，所述波箔片与所述平箔片之间形成沿周向布置的多个第四孔；
所述分流孔设置有多个，多个所述分流孔与所述多个第三孔位置对应；和/或，
所述分流槽设置有多个，多个所述分流槽与所述多个第四孔位置对应。
优选地，所述第二端件的第二孔包括沿冷却介质的流动方向设置的第二集流部和第二输送部，所述第二螺旋输送槽设置在所述第二输送部的孔壁上，所述第二集流部用于收集由所述转轴与所述轴孔的孔壁之间流出的冷却介质。
优选地，所述第二集流部的孔径沿冷却介质的流动方向逐渐减小。
优选地，所述第二集流部的入口直径大于或等于所述轴孔的直径。
优选地，所述第一端件和/或所述第二端件嵌设在所述轴承的端面上。
另一方面，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种电机，包括转轴和用于支撑所述转轴的轴承，还包括如上所述的轴承冷却结构。
优选地，所述电机还包括定子，所述轴承的轴向第一侧为靠近所述定子的一侧，所述轴承的轴向第二侧为远离所述定子的一侧。
再一方面，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种离心式压缩机，包括如上所述的电机结构。
本发明提供的轴承冷却结构包括设置在轴承的至少一侧的输送结构，当转轴转动时，转轴能够与第一和第二输送结构配合形成对冷却介 质的推动力，使得冷却介质进入转轴与轴孔之间，以对轴承进行很好的冷却，从而避免轴承发生变形而影响具有其的电机的运行可靠性。
附图说明
通过以下参照附图对本发明实施例的描述，本发明的上述以及其它目的、特征和优点将更为清楚，在附图中：
图1示出本发明具体实施方式提供的电机在轴承处的结构示意图；
图2示出图1中A处的放大图；
图3示出本发明具体实施方式提供的轴承的端面结构示意图；
图4示出图3中B处的放大图；
图5示出本发明具体实施方式提供的轴承的剖视图；
图6示出本发明具体实施方式提供的第一端件的端面结构示意图；
图7示出图6中C处的放大图；
图8示出本发明具体实施方式提供的第一端件的剖视图；
图9示出本发明具体实施方式提供的第二端件的剖视图。
图中，1、定子；2、转子；21、转轴；3、轴承；31、轴孔；32、波箔片；33、平箔片；34、第三孔；35、第四孔；36、容置槽；4、第一端件；41、第一输送结构；411、第一螺旋输送槽；42、第一孔；421、第一输送部；422、第一集流部；423、分流部；43、分流结构；431、分流孔；432、分流槽；5、第二端件；51、第二输送结构；511、第二螺旋输送槽；52、第二孔；521、第二集流部；522、第二输送部；6、支架。
具体实施方式
以下基于实施例对本发明进行描述，但是本发明并不仅仅限于这些实施例。在下文对本发明的细节描述中，详尽描述了一些特定的细节部分。对本领域技术人员来说没有这些细节部分的描述也可以完全理解本发明。为了避免混淆本发明的实质，公知的方法、过程、流程、元件并没有详细叙述。
此外，本领域普通技术人员应当理解，在此提供的附图都是为了说明的目的，并且附图不一定是按比例绘制的。
除非上下文明确要求，否则整个说明书和权利要求书中的“包括”、“包含”等类似词语应当解释为包含的含义而不是排他或穷举的含义；也就是说，是“包括但不限于”的含义。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。此外，在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
本申请提供了一种轴承冷却结构，用于将冷却介质引入到轴承与转轴之间的空间，以对轴承进行很好的冷却，下面以轴承冷却结构应用于电机为例具体介绍其各种实施例，该电机例如可以为压缩机尤其是离心式压缩机的电机部分，当然，该轴承冷却结构也适用于其他需要对轴承进行冷却的装置中。
如图1所示，电机包括定子1和转子2，转子2的转轴21穿出定子1的部分转动支撑在轴承3上，轴承3支撑在支架6上，轴承3优选为径向弹性箔片轴承，轴承3中设置有供转轴转动的轴孔31，如图3和图4所示，径向弹性箔片轴承3的轴孔31内设置有箔片，箔片包括与轴孔31的孔壁贴合的波箔片32以及设置在波箔片32径向内侧的平箔片33，如此，在轴孔31的孔壁与波箔片32之间形成沿周向布置的多个第三孔34，波箔片32与平箔片33之间形成沿周向布置的多个第四孔35，优选地，第三孔34的横截面大致呈半圆形，第四孔35的横截面大致呈梯形。转轴21穿入平箔片33内，并能够在平箔片33内转动。
冷却结构包括设置在轴承3的轴向第一侧例如靠近定子1的一侧的第一输送结构41，在转轴21转动时，第一输送结构41能够将位于轴承3的轴向第一侧的冷却介质例如电机腔气体(一般为25℃)向转轴21与轴孔31的孔壁之间输送，进一步地，冷却结构包括设置在轴承3的轴向第二侧例如远离定子1的一侧第二输送结构51，在转轴21转动时，第二输送结构51能够将转轴21与轴孔31的孔壁之间的冷却介质向轴承3的轴向第二侧输送。如此，如图2所示，电机腔气体在第一输送结构41的作用下进入到轴孔31与转轴21之间的空间与箔片换热，以对箔片进行冷却，换热后的气体在第二输送结构51的作用下排出，通过第一输送结构41和第二输送结构51的配合使得电机腔气体能够循环进入轴承 3内对轴承3的箔片进行降温，从而避免箔片温度过高而影响轴承3的支撑刚度。
第一和第二输送结构可以为任意能够与转轴21转动配合形成对冷却介质的推动力的结构，例如，第一和第二输送结构的延伸方向与转轴21的轴向之间具有不为零的夹角。为了方便输送结构的设置，优选地，如图1所示，冷却结构包括位于轴承3的第一侧的第一端件4和位于轴承3的第二侧的第二端件5。第一端件4和第二端件5优选呈板状结构，进一步优选呈环形板状结构。其中，第一端件4内设置有供转轴21穿过的第一孔42，第一输送结构41设置在第一孔42的孔壁上，类似地，第二端件5内设置有供转轴21穿过的第二孔52，第二输送结构51设置在第二孔52的孔壁上。第一端件4和第二端件5对转轴21还起到一定的支撑作用。第一输送结构41优选为第一螺旋输送槽411，第二输送结构51优选为第二螺旋输送槽511，第一螺旋输送槽411和所述第二螺旋输送槽511的螺旋方向与转轴21的转动方向一致，从而与转轴21配合实现对冷却介质的推动。
第一端件4和第二端件5可以与轴承3形成为一体结构，也可以为分体结构，为方便加工，第一端件4、第二端件5和轴承3形成为分体结构，进一步优选地，第一端件4和第二端件5嵌设在轴承3的端面上，优选地，如图5所示，轴承3的两个端面上均设置有容置槽36，第一端件4和第二端件5的至少部分结构嵌设在容置槽36中。
第一螺旋输送槽411和第二螺旋输送槽511可以分别由第一孔42和第二孔52的孔壁凹陷形成，也可以是在第一孔42和第二孔52的孔壁上设置多条螺旋延伸的凸起，相邻凸起之间即形成第一螺旋输送槽411或者第二螺旋输送槽511。为方便加工，优选地，在第一孔42和第二孔52的孔壁上设置螺纹结构，通过螺纹结构形成所述第一螺旋输送槽411和第二螺旋输送槽511。第一螺旋输送槽411和第二螺旋输送槽511优选由第一孔42或者第二孔52的轴向一端向另一端连续延伸，第一螺旋输送槽411和第二螺旋输送槽511的数量不限，可以是一条，也可以是多条，为了提高对冷却介质的输送能力，优选地，第一螺旋输送槽411和第二螺旋输送槽511均形成为多头螺旋槽，即形成为与多头螺纹相似 的结构。
第一螺旋输送槽411和第二螺旋输送槽511的结构可以相同，也可以不同。在一个实施例中，第一螺旋输送槽411的螺距数量大于第二螺旋输送槽511的螺距，和/或，第一螺旋输送槽411的螺距的数量大于第二螺旋输送槽511的数量，即使得第一螺旋输送槽411的输送能力大于第二螺旋输送槽511的输送能力，也即使得轴承3的冷却介质进入量大于冷却介质输出量，从而在轴承3的箔片中产生一定的压力，从而提高对箔片的冷却效果。在另一个实施例中，第一螺旋输送槽411的螺距和数量与第二螺旋输送槽511相同，即第一螺旋输送槽411的输送能力与第二螺旋输送槽511相同，从而能够保证进出轴承3的流体流量的均匀性。
为了提高对轴承的冷却效果，优选地，如图8所示，第一孔42包括沿冷却介质的流动方向设置的第一输送部421、第一集流部422和分流部423，第一螺旋输送槽411设置在第一输送部421的孔壁上，第一集流部422用于收集由第一输送部421输送来的冷却介质，并由分流部423将冷却介质分流均匀输送至轴孔31与转轴21之间的空间。
优选地，第一集流部422的孔径大于第一输送部421的孔径，如此，第一集流部422的孔壁与转轴21之间的空间形成集流腔，第一输送部421输送的冷却介质充入集流腔中。
分流部423上设置有分流结构43，分流结构43可以为任意能够将第一集流部422内的冷却介质均匀送入轴孔31与转轴21之间的结构，例如可以为沿周向均布的多条输送通道，为简化结构，优选地，第一集流部422的孔径大于分流部423的孔径，如此，在第一集流部422与分流部423之间形成一台阶面，如图7和图8所示，在台阶面上设置有连通第一集流部422和轴孔31的分流孔431，另外，还可在分流部423的孔壁上设置连通第一集流部422和轴孔31的分流槽432。
在一个具体的实施例中，当该轴承冷却结构应用于径向弹性箔片轴承时，分流孔431设置有多个，多个分流孔431分别与径向弹性箔片轴承的多个第三孔34位置对应，相应地，分流槽432设置有多个，多个分流槽432分别与径向弹性箔片轴承3的多个第四孔35位置对应，如此， 通过设置在分流部423上的分流结构43能够分别将冷却介质分流到第三孔34和第四孔35内，从而能够对各个箔片进行很好的冷却。
进一步优选地，如图9所示，第二孔52包括沿冷却介质的流动方向设置的第二集流部521和第二输送部522，第二螺旋输送槽511设置在第二输送部522的孔壁上，第二集流部521用于收集由轴孔31与转轴21之间的空间流出的冷却介质，第二输送部522将第二集流部521内的冷却介质排出。
优选地，为了提高对冷却介质的收集效果，如图9所示，第二集流部521的孔径沿冷却介质的流动方向逐渐减小，例如第二集流部521形成为圆台形结构，进一步地，第二集流部521的入口直径大于或等于轴孔31的直径，这些结构都能够达到提高收集效果的目的。
本申请提供的轴承冷却结构能够强制冷却介质流入转轴21与轴孔31之间对轴承3进行冷却，从而避免轴承3发生形变而影响具有其的电机的运行可靠性。
本领域的技术人员容易理解的是，在不冲突的前提下，上述各优选方案可以自由地组合、叠加。
应当理解，上述的实施方式仅是示例性的，而非限制性的，在不偏离本发明的基本原理的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以针对上述细节做出的各种明显的或等同的修改或替换，都将包含于本发明的权利要求范围内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种轴承冷却结构，所述轴承中设置有供转轴转动的轴孔，其特征在于，所述冷却结构包括设置在所述轴承的轴向第一侧的第一输送结构和/或设置在所述轴承的轴向第二侧的第二输送结构，所述第一输送结构能够在所述转轴转动时将位于所述轴承的轴向第一侧的冷却介质向所述转轴与所述轴孔的孔壁之间输送，所述第二输送结构能够在所述转轴转动时将所述转轴与所述轴孔的孔壁之间的冷却介质向所述轴承的轴向第二侧输送。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的轴承冷却结构，其特征在于，所述冷却结构还包括第一端件，所述第一端件上设置有第一孔，所述转轴能够穿设在所述第一孔内，所述第一输送结构设置在所述第一孔的孔壁上；和/或，
    所述冷却结构包括第二端件，所述第二端件上设置有第二孔，所述转轴能够穿设在所述第二孔内，所述第二输送结构设置在所述第二孔的孔壁上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的轴承冷却结构，其特征在于，所述第一输送结构包括设置在所述第一孔的孔壁上的至少一条第一螺旋输送槽，所述第一螺旋输送槽的螺旋方向与所述转轴的转动方向一致；和/或，
    所述第二输送结构包括设置在所述第二孔的孔壁上的至少一条第二螺旋输送槽，所述第二螺旋输送槽的螺旋方向与所述转轴的转动方向一致。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的轴承冷却结构，其特征在于，所述第一螺旋输送槽和/或所述第二螺旋输送槽为多头螺旋槽。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的轴承冷却结构，其特征在于，所述第一螺旋输送槽的螺距大于或等于所述第二螺旋输送槽的螺距，和/或
    所述第一螺旋输送槽的螺距的数量大于或者等于所述第二螺旋输送槽的数量。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的轴承冷却结构，其特征在于，所述第一端件的第一孔包括沿冷却介质的流动方向设置的第一输送部、第一集流部和分流部，所述第一螺旋输送槽设置在所述第一输送部的孔壁上，所述第一集流部用于收集所述第一输送部输送的冷却介质，所述分流部用于将所述第一集流部中的冷却介质分流到所述转轴与所述轴孔的孔壁之间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的轴承冷却结构，其特征在于，所述第一集流部的孔径大于所述第一输送部的孔径。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的轴承冷却结构，其特征在于，所述第一集流部的孔径大于所述分流部的孔径，在所述第一集流部与所述分流部之间形成台阶面，所述台阶面上设置有连通所述第一集流部和所述轴孔的分流孔；
    和/或，
    所述分流部的孔壁上设置有连通所述第一集流部和所述轴孔的分流槽。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的轴承冷却结构，其特征在于，所述轴承为径向弹性箔片轴承，所述径向弹性箔片轴承的轴孔内设置有箔片，所述箔片包括与所述轴孔的孔壁贴合的波箔片以及设置在所述波箔片径向内侧的平箔片，所述轴孔的孔壁与所述波箔片之间形成沿周向布置的多个第三孔，所述波箔片与所述平箔片之间形成沿周向布置的多个第四孔；
    所述分流孔设置有多个，多个所述分流孔分别与所述多个第三孔位置对应；和/或，
    所述分流槽设置有多个，多个所述分流槽分别与所述多个第四孔位置对应。
  10. 根据权利要求3至9中任一项所述的轴承冷却结构，其特征在于，所述第二端件的第二孔包括沿冷却介质的流动方向设置的第二集流部和第二输送部，所述第二螺旋输送槽设置在所述第二输送部的孔壁上，所述第二集流部用于收集由所述转轴与所述轴孔的孔壁之间流出的冷却介质。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的轴承冷却结构，其特征在于，所述第二集流部的孔径沿冷却介质的流动方向逐渐减小。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的轴承冷却结构，其特征在于，所述第二集流部的入口直径大于或等于所述轴孔的直径。
  13. 根据权利要求3至9中任一项所述的轴承冷却结构，其特征在于，所述第一端件和/或所述第二端件嵌设在所述轴承的端面上。
  14. 一种电机，包括转轴和用于支撑所述转轴的轴承，其特征在于，所述电机还包括如权利要求1至13中任一项所述的轴承冷却结构。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电机，其特征在于，所述电机还包括定子，所述轴承的轴向第一侧为靠近所述定子的一侧，所述轴承的轴向第二侧为远离所述定子的一侧。
  16. 一种离心式压缩机，其特征在于，包括如权利要求14或15所述的电机。
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