WO2019094012A1 - Coques de plantes moulues infusées - Google Patents

Coques de plantes moulues infusées Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019094012A1
WO2019094012A1 PCT/US2017/060706 US2017060706W WO2019094012A1 WO 2019094012 A1 WO2019094012 A1 WO 2019094012A1 US 2017060706 W US2017060706 W US 2017060706W WO 2019094012 A1 WO2019094012 A1 WO 2019094012A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slurry
ground plant
infused
trehalose
hydrocolloid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2017/060706
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Steven Kingsley
Original Assignee
Xinova, LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xinova, LLC filed Critical Xinova, LLC
Priority to PCT/US2017/060706 priority Critical patent/WO2019094012A1/fr
Publication of WO2019094012A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019094012A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
    • B02B1/00—Preparing grain for milling or like processes

Definitions

  • Psyllium is a fiber of the seeds of the Plantago plant genus, which is used as a supplement to promote digestive health.
  • Psyllium is a prebiotic— a substance for promoting healthy colonies of probiotics in the gut.
  • Psyllium is also used as a food thickener.
  • Plant hulls such as seeds, hulls, chaff, or husks are often discarded or burned as a byproduct of production processes.
  • Some plant hulls may have a high-fiber content.
  • oat hulls are a high-fiber, low energy, low-protein feed for cattle or horses.
  • Plant hulls may be removed from seeds or fruit prior to human consumption of the seeds or fruit.
  • oat hulls are a source of insoluble dietary fiber, provide little energy, and are therefore not typically present in foods for human consumption.
  • An example method may include a method to form a composition.
  • the example method comprises adding ground plant hulls to water.
  • the example method comprises combining trehalose with the ground plant hulls and water to form a slurry.
  • the example method comprises adjusting a pH of the slurry to a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5,
  • the method comprises heating the slurry to a selected temperature for a first duration under agitation.
  • the slurry of the example method comprises a total solids content of at least about 30 weight % (wt%,) the ground plant hulls is at least about 20 wt% of the slurry, the trehalose is at least about 5 wt% of the slurry, and the pH of the slurry is in a range from about 7,0 to about 7.5.
  • An example slurry may include water, ground plant hulls, and trehalose infused into the ground plant hulls.
  • the example slurry comprises a total solids content of at least about 30 wt%, the ground plant hulls are at least about 20 wt% of the slurry, the trehalose is at least about 5 wt% of the slurry, and the pH of the slurry is in a range from about 7.0 to about 7,5.
  • Another example method includes a method to form a composition.
  • the example method comprises forming a slurry of ground plant hulls.
  • the example method comprises treating the slurry with an alkali to adjust the pH of the slurry to a range from about 7 to about 7.5.
  • the example method comprises heating the slurry to a selected temperature for a first duration under agitation.
  • the example method comprises adding a hydrocolioid material to the slurry while heating and agitating the slurry for a second duration to form a hydrocolioid slurry.
  • the example method comprises exposing the hydrocolioid slurry to an ultrasonic agitation to infuse the hydrocolioid material into at least some of the ground plant hulls and form a hydrocolioid infused slurry.
  • the example method comprises cooling the hydrocolioid infused slurry to below the selected temperature,
  • Another example method includes a method to make a coated plant particle composition.
  • the example method comprises at least partially breaking down ground plant hulls in a slurry using an alkali in an amount effective to cause the slurry to have a pH in a range from about 7 to about 7.5.
  • the example method comprises adding a hydrocolioid material to the slurry while heating the slurry to a selected temperature and agitating the slurry for a selected duration to form a hydrocolioid slurry without neutralizing or washing the slurry, wherein the hydrocolioid slurry comprises the hydrocolioid material and the ground plant hulls.
  • the example method comprises exposing the hydrocolioid slurry to ultrasonic agitation to form hydrocolioid infused ground plant hulls in a hydrocolioid infused slurry.
  • the example method comprises cooling the hydrocolioid infused slurry to below the selected temperature.
  • Another example method includes a method to make a treated plant product.
  • the example method comprises forming a plurality of trehalose infused ground plant hulls.
  • the example method comprises transporting the trehalose infused ground plant hulls to a blending location.
  • the example method comprises dry blending the trehalose infused ground plant hulls with one or more of guar or guar gum to form a dry mixture.
  • the example method comprises packaging the dry mixture.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an example method to form a composition
  • FIGS, 2A-2C are schematics of an example ground plant hull at various points during the example method of FIG. 1;
  • FIG, 2D is an i sometric view of an example ground plant hull slurry
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example method to form a composition
  • FIGS, 4A-4D are schematics of an example ground plant hull at various points during the example method of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 4E is an isometric view of an example ground plant hull slurry
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustrating an example method to make a treated plant product
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example computing device that is arranged for forming compositions.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example computer program product that is arranged to store instructions for making compositions
  • This disclosure is drawn, inter alia, to methods, systems, products, devices, and/or apparatus generally related to plant hull compositions, such as slurries, powders, and mixtures.
  • the plant hull compositions disclosed herein include oat hull slurries, powders, and mixtures that may further include one or more of trehalose or a hydrocolloid material infused therein.
  • the plant hull compositions are produced using minimal alkalization without one or both of neutralization and washing the slurry after alkalization. For example, the pH of the plant hull slurries may be brought to or maintained at 7.0 to 7.5.
  • the techniques and compositions disclosed herein allow for wet processing and pumpability of plant hull slurries at total solids contents that would preclude pumping without the trehalose contents disclosed herein, such as at least 30 wt% total solids content. Accordingly, the plant hull slurries disclosed herein may be pumpable between production equipment or sites. The slurries disclosed herein may be used to produce powders and mixtures thereof that contain one or more of trehalose infused oat hulls or hydrocolloid materials (e.g., guar infused ground plant hulls).
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an example method 100 to form a composition.
  • the example method 100 may include one or more operations, functions or actions as illustrated by one or more of blocks 1 10, 120, 130, or 140.
  • the operations described in the blocks H OMO may be performed in response to execution (such as by one or more processors described herein) of computer-executable instructions stored in a computer-readable medium, such as a computer-readable medium of a computing device or some other controller similarly configured.
  • An example method may begin with block 110, which recites "adding ground plant hulls to water.”
  • Block 110 may be followed by block 120, which recites “combining trehalose with the ground plant hulls and water to form a trehalose slurry.”
  • Block 120 may be followed by block 130, which recites "adjusting a pH of the slurry to a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5.”
  • Block 130 may be followed by block 140, which recites "heating the slurry to a selected temperature for a first duration under agitation.”
  • the slurry of the example method 100 has a total solids content of at least about 30 wt%, the plurality of ground plant hulls is at least about 20 wt% of the slurry, the trehalose is at least about 5 wt% of the slurry, and the pH of the slurry is in a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5.
  • the blocks may be performed in a different order. In some other embodiments, various blocks may be eliminated. In still other embodiments, various blocks may be divided into additional blocks, supplemented with other blocks, or combined together into fewer blocks. Other variations of these specific blocks are contemplated, including changes in the order of the blocks, changes in the content of the blocks being split or combined into other blocks, etc.
  • block 110 and block 120 can be combined into a single block, such as performed substantially simultaneously or contemporaneously.
  • the block 1 10 may be omitted and block 120 may include combining trehalose with ground plant hulls and water to form the slurry.
  • Block 110 recites, "adding ground plant hulls to water.”
  • Adding ground plant hulls to water may be effective to form a pre-slurry.
  • the pre-slurry may be a slurry of ground plant hulls and water.
  • adding ground plant hulls to water may include dispersing the ground plant hulls in water that has a temperature of at least about 160 °F, such as at least 175 °F, at least 190 °F, or in a range from about 160 °F to about 200 °F.
  • adding ground plant hulls to water may include dispersing ground oat hulls in water.
  • adding ground plant hulls to water may include dispersing ground, trehalose-infused oat hulls in water.
  • the ground plant hulls may include one or more of ground oat hulls, ground nut hulls (e.g., coconut hulls), plant seed hulls, etc.
  • the ground plant hulls may include celluiosic fibers, hemi cellulose, lignocellulosic fibers, or particles of any of the foregoing.
  • any plant matter may be used instead of or addition to the ground plant hulls, such as chaff, bark, husks, leaves, stalks, wood, pulp, fruit, etc.
  • the ground plant hulls may include one or more materials infused therein, such as one or more of trehalose or a hydrocolioid material (e.g., guar).
  • adding ground plant hulls to water may include dispersing ground, trehalose-infused oat hulls in water.
  • the pre-slurry may include trehalose-infused oat hulls in water. While the plant hulls herein are described as ground, the ground plant hulls may include chopped, sliced, caished, or otherwise size-controlled plant hulls.
  • the ground plant hulls may be substantially fibrous, round (e.g., spherical or elliptical), prismatic, porous, or combinations of any of the foregoing.
  • the ground plant hulls may be ground to an average selected size or sizes.
  • the ground plant hulls may have an average particle size (as defined by the largest dimension of the particle) of at least 1 um, such as in a range from about 1 um to about 44 ⁇ , about 5 um to about 40 um, about 10 um to about 35 um, about 15 ⁇ to about 30 um, about I um to about 15 ⁇ , about 15 ⁇ to about 30 ⁇ , about 30 um to about 44 um, less than about 44 ⁇ , less than about 30 um, or less than about 20 ⁇ .
  • the ground plant hulls may include substantially round ground oat hulls that have an average particle size of about 44 um or less. In some examples, the ground plant hulls may have an average particle size of greater than about 44 ⁇ or less than about 1 um.
  • the ground plant hulls may include a mixture of one or more average particle sizes (e.g., a multi-modal particle size distribution).
  • the ground oat hulls may include a first amount of a first average particle size and a second amount of at least a second average particle size, such as any of the average particle sizes disclosed herein.
  • adding ground plant hulls to water may include adding ground plant hulls to water in a ratio of ground plant hulls to water of at least about 1 :99 by weight, such as about 1 :99 to about 1 :2, about 1 :9 to about 1 :3, about 1 :6 to about 1 :2, or a ratio of ground plant hulls to water of less than about 1 :2 by weight.
  • the pre-slurry formed from the ground plant hulls and water may include at least about 20 weight percent ("wt%") ground plant hulls, such as at least about 25 wt%, at least about 30 wt%, or at least about 35 wt%, or in a range from about 20 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 25 wt% to about 30 wt3 ⁇ 4, or about 30 wt% to about 35 wt% of the pre- slurry.
  • wt% weight percent
  • Block 120 recites, "combining trehalose with the ground plant hulls and water to form a slurry.”
  • combining trehalose with the ground plant hulls and water to form a slurry may include adding trehalose powder to ground plant hulls and water (e.g., the pre-slurry).
  • combining trehalose with the ground plant hulls and water to form the slurry may include at least partially dissolving the trehalose powder in water, such as the slum' or water which may then be added to the slurry.
  • the trehalose may include trehalose dehydrate or anhydrous trehalose in powder or crystalline form.
  • combining trehalose with the ground plant hulls and water to form a slurry may include adding an amount of trehalose to the slurry effective to cause the slurry to have at least about 5 wt% trehalose therein, such as in a range from about 5 wt% to about 25 wt%, about 7 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 8.5 wt% to about 15 w ⁇ %, about 5 wt% to about 10 wt3 ⁇ 4, about 8.5 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 15 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 15 wt%, about 8.58 wt%, less than about 30 wt%, more than about 8.5
  • combining trehalose with the ground plant hulls and water to form a slurry may include adding an amount of trehalose to the slurry effective to cause the slurry (e.g., trehalose slurry) to have at least about 30 wt% solids content, such as in a range from about 30 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 33 wt% to about 45 wt%, about 30 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 30 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 35 w ⁇ % to about 40 wt%, about 40 wt% to about 45 wt%, about 45 wt% to about 50 wt3 ⁇ 4, about 30 wt% to about 33 wt3 ⁇ 4, about 32 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 35 wt% to about 38 wt%, at least about 33 wt%, at least about 35 wt%, at least about 40 wt%
  • combining trehalose with the ground plant hulls and water to form a slurry may include adding an amount of trehalose to the slurry effective to cause the slurry (e.g., trehalose slurry) to have less than about 30 wt% solids content, such as in a range of about 15 wt% and about 30 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 20 wt3 ⁇ 4, about 20 wt% to about 25 wt%, about 25 wt% to about 30 wt%, or less than about 25 wt%.
  • an amount of trehalose to the slurry effective to cause the slurry (e.g., trehalose slurry) to have less than about 30 wt% solids content, such as in a range of about 15 wt% and about 30 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 20 wt3 ⁇ 4, about 20 wt% to about 25 wt%, about 25 wt% to about 30
  • combining trehalose with the ground plant hulls and water to form a slurry may include combining trehalose with the ground plant hulls and water in a ratio of ground plant hulls to trehalose (by weight) of about 5: 1 or more (with the remainder including water), such as in a range of about 5: 1 to about 5:3, about 5: 1 to about 5: 1.5, about 5: 1.5 to about 5:2, about 5 :2 to about 5:2.5, about 5:2.5 to about 5:3, about 5: 1 to about 5:2, or about 5: 1 to about 5:2.
  • Combining trehalose with the ground plant hulls and water (e.g., pre-slurry) to form a slurry may include agitating one or both of the slurry (e.g., trehalose, water, and ground plant hulls) or hydrocolloid slurry, such as via stirring, mixing, tumbling, sonic agitation, ultrasonic agitation, etc.
  • the slurry may include a solution, dispersion, or suspension of trehalose in the slurry.
  • combining trehalose with the ground plant hulls and water to form a slurry may include forming a substantially homogenous dispersion of trehalose in the slurry.
  • Block 130 recites, "adjusting a pH of the slurry to a range from about 7.0 to about
  • Adjusting the pH of the slurry may include adding an alkali or alkali solution to the slurry.
  • the alkali may include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, or any other alkali salt.
  • Adjusting the pH of the slurry to a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5 provides minimal alkalization of the slurry and ground plant hulls therein. Often, ground plant hull slurries (both with or without trehalose) have a pH of less than 7, such as about 5 to about 7, about 6 to about 7, or about 6.5 to about 7.
  • adjusting a pH of the slurry to a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5 may include adding an alkali to the slurry.
  • adjusting the pH of the slurry to a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5 may include adding the alkali to the slurry effective to cause the pH of the slurry to be in the range from about 7.0 to about 7.5, such as about 7.1 to about 7.5, about 7,0 to about 7.3, about 7. 1 to about 7.3, about 7.2 to about 7.4, or about 7,3 to about .
  • adding the alkali to the slum' may include adding an alkali solid
  • adding the alkali to the slurry may include adding sodium hydroxide or a sodium hydroxide solution to the slurry.
  • adjusting the pH of the slurry to the range from about 7.0 to about 7.5 may include dissolving the alkali in the slurry in an amount effective to adjust the slurry to have the pH in the range from about 7 to about 7.5,
  • adjusting the pH of the slurry to the range from about 7.0 to about 7.5 may include adding (e.g., dissolving) sodium hydroxide to the slurry in an amount effective to adjust the pH of the slurry to be in the range from about 7 to about 7.5 or any of the ranges of pH disclosed herein (e.g., about 7.3 to about 7.5).]
  • the minimal alkalization of the slurry disclosed herein allows for the partial breakdown of the microstructure of the ground plant hulls while providing a pH sufficient enough or similar to allow use of the
  • Block 140 recites, "heating the slurry to a selected temperature for a first duration under agitation.”
  • heating the slurry e.g., trehalose slurry
  • heating the slurry to a selected temperature for a first duration under agitation may include heating the slum' to the selected temperature over at least a portion of the first duration, such as by ramping up to the selected temperature over a portion of the first duration.
  • heating the slurry to a selected temperature for a first duration under agitation may include maintaining the slurry at the selected temperature for at least a portion of the first duration.
  • heating the slurry to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation may include heating the slurry to a temperature of at least about 160 °F, such as in a range from about 160 °F to about 190 °F, about 175 °F to about 200 °F, at least about 175 °F, or at least about 190 °F.
  • the first duration may be at least 10 minutes such as in a range from about 10 minutes to about 10 hours, about 10 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 30 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 40 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 2 hours, less than about 10 hours, less than about 5 hours, less than about 2 hours, less than about 1 hour, or less than about 30 minutes.
  • heating the slurry to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation may include agitating the slurry by one or more of stirring, mixing, tumbling, sonic agitation, ultrasonic agitation (e.g., ultrasoni cation), or any other means of agitation.
  • heating the slurry to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation may include applying constant agitation to the slurry or periodic agitation to the slurry.
  • heating the slurry to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation may include heating the slum' for at least about 10 minutes under constant agitation.
  • heating the slurry to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation may include heating the slurry to at least about 175 °F for at least about 15 minutes under constant ultrasonic agitation.
  • agitating the slurry may alternatively or additionally be performed after block 140.
  • agitating the slurry may be performed after heating the slurry for the first duration, where agitating the slurry may be carried out for a second duration and where the second duration is similar or identical to any of the first durations disclosed herein.
  • the ground plant hulls may at least partially break down and the trehalose may infuse into the at least partially broken down plant hulls.
  • the trehalose may form a gel which at least partially coats the ground and at least partially broken down plant hulls.
  • FIGS. 2A-2C are schematics of an example ground plant hull at various points during the example method 100.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic of a ground plant hull 200 prior to blocks 120, 130, and 140,
  • the ground plant hull 200 may be lignocellulose.
  • the ground plant hull 200 may include lignin 202 which retains cellulose 204 and hemicellulose 206 therein.
  • the cellulose 204 may be arranged within the lignin 202 framework in a substantially parallel configuration.
  • the hemicellulose 206 may be arranged in randomly oriented structures which span between and around the cellulose 204 within the lignin 202.
  • the ground plant hull 200 may at least partially break down. For example, one or more portions of the ground plant hull 200 may dissociate, decompose, exhibit surface roughness, fracture, etc,
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic of the ground plant hull of FIG. 2A after the ground plant hull
  • the broken down ground plant hull 200b may include breaks and discontinuities in one or more of the lignin 202, cellulose 204, and hemicellulose 206.
  • the lignin 202 may be at least partially broken down to expose surfaces of one or both of the cellulose 204 and hemicellulose 206.
  • the cellulose 204 may partially break down, thereby creating discontinuities therein.
  • the hemicellulose 206 may at least partially break down to release or expose the cellulose 204.
  • the blocks 130 and 140 may serve to roughen the ground plant hulls and increase the surface area or porosity thereof.
  • One or more of the hemicellulose 206 and lignin 202 may serve to at least partially maintain the bulk structure of the ground plant hull 200b. Accordingly, the ground plant hull 200b will not dissolve or disintegrate, but rather may include pores and roughened surfaces thereon.
  • FIG. 2C is a schematic of the ground plant hull of FIG. 2A after the ground plant hull has been at least partially broken down and trehalose infused therein.
  • the trehalose infused ground plant hull 200c may include trehalose 208 infused therein.
  • the trehalose 208 may be infused in one or more of the lignin 202, the cellulose 204, or the hemicellulose 206.
  • the trehalose 208 may be present in the slurry (e.g., trehalose slurry) in any of the amounts disclosed herein.
  • One or more of the hemicellulose 206 and lignin 204 may serve to at least partially maintain the bulk structure of the ground plant hull 200c.
  • the trehalose infused ground plant hull 200c may be a single particle.
  • the slurries disclosed herein may include a plurality of ground plant hulls such as any of ground plant hulls 200, 200b, or 200c (or hydrocolloid infused ground plant hulls as shown in FIGS. 4A-4D).
  • the slurry (e.g., trehalose slurry) resulting from blocks 1 10-140 has a total solids content of at least about 30 wt%, such as any of the total solids content values disclosed herein for the slurry.
  • the ground plant hulls may be at least about 20 wt% of the slurry, such as in a range from about 20 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 22 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 25 wr%, about 25 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 25 w ⁇ % to about 35 w ⁇ %, about 30 wt% to about 40 wt%, more than about 22 wt%, more than about 25 wt%, or more than about 30 wt% of the slurry.
  • the trehalose may be at least about 5 wt% of the slurry, such at least about 8.5 wt% of the slurry or any of the trehalose content values disclosed herein for the slurry.
  • the plurality of ground plant hulls is at least about 25 wt% of the si urn,' and the trehalose is at least about 8.5 wt% of the slurry. In some examples, the plurality of ground plant hulls is at least about 20 wt% of the slurry and the trehalose is at least about 10 wt% of the slurry. In some examples, the plurality of ground plant hulls is at least about 25 wt% of the slurry and the trehalose is at least about 5 wt% of the slurry.
  • the plurality of ground plant hulls is at least about 25 wt% of the slurry and the trehalose is at least about 10 wt% of the slurry. In some examples, the plurality of ground plant hulls is at least about 20 wt% of the slurry and the trehalose is at least about 15 wt% of the slurry. In some examples, the ratio of ground plant hulls to trehalose in the slurry may be about 5: 1 to about 5:3, In some examples, the total solids content of the slurry may be less than about 25 wt% and the ratio of ground plant hulls to trehalose in the slurry is about 5: 1 to about 5:3.
  • the pH of the slurry may be in a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5, such as any of the ranges of pH disclosed herein.
  • the slurry may have a total solids content of at least about 30 wt%
  • the ground plant hulls may be at least about 20 wt% of the slurry
  • the trehalose may be at least about 5 wt% of the slurry
  • the pH of the slurry is in a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5.
  • the slurries may have a viscosity of at least about 30,000 centipoise, such as in a range from about 30,000 centipoise to about 40,000 centipoise, about 40,000 centipoise to about 50,000 centipoise, about 30,000 centipoise to about 60,000 centipoise, at least about 35,000 centipoise, at least about 40,000 centipoise, at least about 45,000 centipoise, or at least about 50,000 centipoise.
  • the flow rate or pumpability of a material decreases.
  • the trehalose slurries disclosed herein are pumpable at viscosities where conventional plant hulls slurries are not pumpable.
  • the trehalose slurries formed by the example methods disclosed herein may be pumpable where conventional ground plant hull slurries (e.g., oat hull slurries) are not pumpable, such as at a total solids contents of about 30 wt% or higher.
  • the inventors believe that the flowability and pumpability of the ground plant hull compositions disclosed herein may be due to the amount of trehalose in combination with the amount and average particle size (e.g., 44 um or less) of ground plant hulls (each as a total wt% of the slurry).
  • dissolved trehalose in the range of at least about 8.5 wt% (e.g., 8.58 wt% to about 10 wt%) of the slurry alters a generally viscous and unpumpable ground plant hull slurry to be pumpable.
  • This pumpability e.g., flowability
  • this pumpability is due to trehalose entering a liquid gel state at least the wt% of trehalose and total solids content of the slurries disclosed herein.
  • trehalose content of the slurry approaches about 8.5 wt% trehalose (e.g., a 5; 1.7 ratio of ground oat hulls to trehalose) enough plant hull particles are coated with a liquid trehalose gel coating (which increases the viscosity of the slurry, but decreases the shear amongst moving plant hull particles in the slurry such as when pumped or flowed) that the slurry can be pumped where the viscosity would normally prevent pumping without the presence of the trehalose.
  • a liquid trehalose gel coating which increases the viscosity of the slurry, but decreases the shear amongst moving plant hull particles in the slurry such as when pumped or flowed
  • This liquid gel behavior can be observed in desert plants and bacteria; water, bound by trehalose, may form a liquid gel in the protoplasm, coating the nucleus, mitochondria, and other essential cellular organs. Even smoother appearance and higher pumpability (e.g., flowability) is observed at higher trehalose contents such as 10 wt3 ⁇ 4 or more. Accordingly, the slurries (e.g., trehalose infused slurries) disclosed herein have a smoother appearance and better flowability (e.g., pumpability) than plant hull slurries that do not have the trehalose contents disclosed herein.
  • the trehalose infused slurries disclosed herein exhibit Newtonian characteristics in a linear fashion based on the amount of trehalose therein.
  • ground plant hull slurries are non-Newtonian fluids, which exhibit a constant viscosity at a constant shear rate and decreasing viscosity as a shear rate increases.
  • the trehalose slurries disclosed herein exhibit pseudo-Newtonian characteristics as the trehalose content approaches and exceeds about 8.5 wt% (e.g., 8.58 wt% at a 5: 1.7 ratio of ground oat hulls to trehalose) and exhibit Newtonian characteristics as the trehalose content increases.
  • the Newtonian state is especially visible at trehalose contents of about 10 wt% (e.g., a 5:2 ratio of ground oat hulls to trehalose) and greater.
  • trehalose contents of about 10 wt% (e.g., a 5:2 ratio of ground oat hulls to trehalose) and greater.
  • the slurry exhibits an increase in viscosity but no negative change in apparent flow rate. Rather, the flow rate of the slurry increases as demonstrated by the pumpability of the slurries disclosed herein.
  • the slurries (trehalose slurries and hydrocoUoid slurries that contain trehalose) disclosed herein are unexpectedly pumpable when conventional ground plant hull slurries that have a similar total solids content are not pumpable.
  • the method 100 may include pumping the slurry.
  • the slurry can be further processed to form a different slurry, a powder, or a powder mixture.
  • the example method 100 may include adding a hydrocoUoid material to the slurr (e.g., trehalose slurry) to form a hydrocoUoid slurry (e.g., hydrocoUoid and trehalose-containing slurn,').
  • a hydrocoUoid material may include guar gum, such as in a powder or partially dissolved form.
  • Adding a hydrocoUoid material to the slurry to form a hydrocoUoid slurry may include adding the hydrocoUoid material in solid form or in a solution (e.g., dissolved guar gum).
  • adding the hydrocoUoid material to the slurry may include adding guar gum to the slurry while heating and agitating the slurry for at least about 5 minutes.
  • adding the hydrocoUoid material to the slurry may include dissolving guar gum in the slurry while heating the slurry to or maintaining the slurry at a temperature of at least about 160 °F, such as at least about 175 °F.
  • adding the hydrocoiloid material to the slurry may include dissolving guar gum in the slurry while maintaining the slurry at a temperature of at least about 175 °F and constantly agitating the slurry for at least about 5 minutes.
  • the method 100 may further include exposing the hydrocoiloid slurry to ultrasonic agitation to form a hydrocoiloid infused slurry.
  • exposing the hydrocoiloid slurry to ultrasonic agitation to form a hydrocoiloid infused slurry may include exposing the hydrocoiloid slurry to ultrasonic agitation for a selected duration.
  • the selected duration may be at least 5 minutes, such as in a range from about 5 minutes to about 10 hours, about 10 minutes to about 5 hours, about 15 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 5 minutes to about 20 minutes, about 1 5 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 40 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 60 minutes, at least about 10 minutes, or at least about 15 minutes.
  • exposing the hydrocoiloid slurry to ultrasonic agitation may include exposing the hydrocoiloid slurry to ultrasonic agitation for at least 15 minutes while maintaining the temperature of the hydrocoiloid slurry at least about 175 C 'F.
  • the hydrocoiloid material may be infused in the trehalose infused ground plant hulls after exposing the hydrocoiloid slurry to ultrasonic agitation.
  • the method 100 may further include cooling the hydrocoiloid infused slurry to below the selected temperature.
  • cooling the hydrocoiloid infused slurry to below the selected temperature may include cooling the hydrocoiloid infused slurry to room temperature or below.
  • cooling the hydrocoiloid infused slurry to below the selected temperature may include cooling the hydrocoiloid infused slurry to a temperature in a range from above the freezing point of water to about 45 °F.
  • cooling the hydrocoiloid infused slurry to below the selected temperature may include cooling the hydrocoiloid infused slurry to a temperature below about 45 °F.
  • cooling the hydrocoiloid infused slurry to below the selected temperature may include removing the hydrocoiloid infused slurry from a heat source. In some examples, cooling the hydrocoiloid infused slurry to below the selected temperature may include one or more of blowing a fluid (e.g., air) across the hydrocolloid infused slurry, placing the hydrocolloid infused slurry in a refrigerated environment, or placing the hydrocolloid infused slurry in an open air environment.
  • a fluid e.g., air
  • the hydrocolloid infused slurry may include any of the viscosities of the slurries disclosed herein, such as in any of the ranges disclosed herein.
  • the hydrocolloid material may increase the viscosity of the slurry and decrease the ilowabiiity of the hydrocolloid slurry (as compared to a solely trehalose infused slurry).
  • the hydrocolloid infused slurry may have a lower total solids content than the solely trehalose slurries disclosed herein to allow pumpability, such as about a 5 wt% or more lower total solids content or about a 5 wt3 ⁇ 4 to about 10 wt% lower total solids content than the solely trehalose infused slurry.
  • the lower total solids content may be solely due to using fewer ground plant hulls (e.g., 5 wt% less to about 10 wt% less) than the trehalose infused ground plant hull compositions disclosed above.
  • the method 100 may include pumping the hydrocolloid infused slurry.
  • the method 100 may include at least partially filling an aseptic packaging with one or more of the si urn,' or the hydrocolloid infused slurry.
  • the method 100 may include drying the slurry.
  • the method 00 may include drying the slurry (e.g., trehalose slurry or hydrocolloid infused slurry) via one or more of drum drying, flash drying, freeze drying, pulse drying, or spray drying.
  • the method 100 may include drying the hydrocolloid infused slurry.
  • the method 100 may include drying the hydrocolloid infused slurry via one or more of drum drying, flash drying, freeze drying, pulse drying, or spray drying.
  • Hydrocolloid infused slurries (or trehalose infused slurries) that have at least 20 wt% total solids content, and more particularly a 25 wt% to 35 wt% or 30 wt% to 35 wt% total solids content may be particularly suitable for spray drying or drum drying.
  • the method 100 may include drying the hydrocolloid infused slurry to form a hydrocolloid infused (ground plant hull) powder.
  • drying the slurry or the hydrocolloid slurry may include drying the slurry effective form one or more of trehalose infused plant hull powder, hydrocolloid infused ground plant hull powder, or trehalose and hydrocolloid infused ground plant hull powder.
  • the method 100 may include at least partially filling an aseptic packaging with one or more of trehalose infused plant hull powder, hydrocolloid infused ground plant hull powder, or trehalose and hydrocolloid infused ground plant hull powder.
  • FIG. 2D is a schematic illustration of a sluriy 220 of ground plant hulls 200d, arranged in accordance with at least some embodiments described herein.
  • FIG. 2D shows the slurry 220.
  • the sluriy 220 includes water 222, ground plant hulls 200d, and trehalose infused into the ground plant hulls 200d.
  • the slurry 220 may have a total solids content of at least about 30 wt%; ground plant hulls may be at least about 20 wt% of the sluriy; trehalose may be at least about 5 wt% of the slurry; and the pH of the slurry is in a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5.
  • the various components described in FIGS. 2A-2D are merely examples, and other variations, including eliminating components, combining components, and substituting components are all contemplated,
  • the ground plant hulls 200d may be identical to the trehalose infused ground plant hull 200c illustrated in FIG. 2C, in one or more aspects.
  • the ground plant hulls 200d may include trehalose (additive particles 208) infused therein.
  • the ground plant hulls 200d can include any of the ground plant hulls disclosed herein.
  • the ground plant hulls 200d may be ground oat hulls.
  • the ground plant hulls 200d may have any of the average ground plant hull particle sizes disclosed herein (e.g., about 44 ⁇ or less).
  • the slurry 220 may have a total solids content of at least about 30 wt%, such as any of the total solids contents for any of the slurries disclosed herein.
  • the ground plant hulls may be at least about 20 wt% of the slurry, such as any of the ground plant hull weight percentages of any of the slurries disclosed herein.
  • the trehalose may be at least about 5 wt% of the slurry, such as any of the trehalose weight percentages of any of the slurries disclosed herein.
  • the pH of the slurry may be in a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5, such as any of the pH values for any of the slurries di sclosed herein .
  • the slurry 220 may have a total solids content of at least about 30 wt3 ⁇ 4; ground plant hulls may be at least about 20 wt% of the slurry; trehalose may be at least about 5 wt% of the slurry; and the pH of the slurry is in a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5.
  • the ground plant hulls may be at least about 25 wt% of the slurry 220 and the trehalose may be at least about 8 wt% of the slurry 220. In some examples, the ground plant hulls may be at least about 20 wt% of the slurry 220 and the trehalose may be at least about 10 wt% of the slurry 220. In some examples, the ground plant hulls may be at least about 25 wt% of the slurry 220 and the trehalose may be at least about 10 wt% of the slurry 220.
  • the ground plant hulls may be at least about 25 wt% of the slurry 220 and the trehalose may be at least about 5 wt3 ⁇ 4 of the slurry 220.
  • the slurry 220 may comprise at least about 25 wt% ground oat hulls and at least about 5 wt% trehalose.
  • the balance of the slurry may include one or more of water, dissolved alkaii(s) (e.g., sodium from sodium hydroxide), or a hydrocolioid material.
  • the slurry 220 may exhibit a viscosity of at least 30,000 centipoise, such as any of the viscosities disclosed herein (e.g., at least 40,000 centipoise).
  • the slurry 220 may be pumpabie at viscosities of 30,000 centipoise or higher, such as at least 40,000 centipoise or at least 50,000 centipoise.
  • the slurry 220 may include any of the slurries or components thereof disclosed herein, such as a slurry or a hydrocolioid infused slurry (e.g., a trehalose and hydrocolioid infused slurry).
  • the slurry 220 may include at least some trehalose at least partially dissolved, suspended, or dispersed in the water 222, but not infused into the ground plant hulls 200d.
  • at least some trehalose may be free in the slurry as a solid that is not infused into the ground plant hulls 200d.
  • the slurry 220 may include a hydrocolioid material such as guar or guar gum may be infused therein.
  • a hydrocolioid material such as guar or guar gum may be infused therein.
  • guar or guar gum may be infused into the ground plant hulls 200d, in some examples, guar or guar gum may be at least partially dissolved in, suspended in, or dispersed in the slurry 220, such as in the water 222 of the slurry.
  • the hydrocolioid material may make up at least about 1 wt% slurry, such as in a range from about 1 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 25 wt3 ⁇ 4, about 25 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 30 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 40 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 30 wt%, at least about 5 wt%, at least about 10 wt%, at least about 20 wt%, at least about 30 wt%, at least about 35 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 5 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 15 w
  • the slurry 220 may include at least some hydrocolloid material at least partially dissolved, suspended, or dispersed in the water 222, but not infused into the ground plant hulls 200d.
  • at least some hydrocolloid material e.g., guar gum
  • the method 100 may include adding or infusing one or more of an anti-fungal material, probiotic(s), stabilizers, flavorants, etc., into the ground plant particles (e.g., trehalose infused ground plant hull particles) or slurry.
  • a probiotic such as Bifidobacteria (e.g.. Bifidobacteria ai tin talis.
  • Bifidobacteria breve, Bifidobacteria la iis, Bifidobacteria longum, etc) or Lactobacillus may be infused or otherwise incorporated on the ground plant hulls or slurry.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example method 300 to form a composition.
  • An example method may include one or more operations, functions or actions as illustrated by one or more of blocks 310, 320, 330, 340, 350, or 360.
  • the operations described in the blocks 310 through 360 may be performed in response to execution (such as by one or more processors described herein) of computer-executable instructions stored in a computer- readable medium, such as a computer-readable medium of a computing device or some other controller similarly configured.
  • Block 320 may be followed by block 330, which recites “heating the slurry to a selected temperature for a first duration under agitation.”
  • Block 330 may be followed by block 340, which recites “adding a hydrocolloid material to the slurry while heating and agitating the slurry for a second duration to form a hydrocolloid slurry.”
  • Block 340 may be followed by block 350, which recites "exposing the hydrocolloid slurry to an ultrasonic agitation to infuse the hydrocolloid material into at least some of the ground plant hulls and form a hydrocolloid infused slurry.”
  • Block 350 may be followed by block 360, which recites "cooling
  • blocks 320 and 330 may be combined into one block wherein treating the slurry with the alkali to adjust the pH of the slurry to the range from about 7 to about 7.5 and heating the slurry to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation are performed contemporaneously.
  • Block 310 recites, "forming a slurry of ground plant hulls.”
  • forming the slurry of ground plant hulls may include adding ground plant hulls to water to form the slurry.
  • adding ground plant hulls to water to form the slurry may be similar or identical to block 110 in one or more aspects.
  • forming a slurry may include adding ground oat hulls to water.
  • the ground plant hulls may include one or more of ground oat hulls, ground nut hulls (e.g., coconut hulls), plant seed hulls, etc.
  • the ground plant hulls may include cellulosic fibers, lignocellulosic fibers, or particles of any of the foregoing.
  • any plant matter may be used instead of or in addition to the ground plant hulls, such as chaff, bark, husks, leaves, stalks, wood, pulp, fruit, etc.
  • forming a slurry of ground plant hulls may include adding (e.g., dispersing, suspending) ground, trehalose-infused oat hulls to water.
  • the ground plant hulls may have any of the average particle sizes disclosed herein.
  • forming a slurry of ground plant hulls may include forming the slurry with a total solids content of at least about 20 wt% (e.g., 20 wt% of the slum' is ground plant hulls), such as at least about 25 wt%, at least about 30 wt%, or at least about 35 wt%, or in a range from about 20 wt% to about 35 wt% of the slurry.
  • the total solids content of the slurry may be less than about 20 wt3 ⁇ 4, such as about 10 wt% to about 20 wt% or about 15 wt% to about 20 wt%.
  • forming a slurry of ground plant hulls may include adding ground plant hulls to water in a ratio of ground plant hulls to water of at least about 1 :99 by weight, such as about 1 :99 to about 1 :2, about 1 :9 to about 1 :3, about 1 :6 to about 1 :2, or a ratio of ground plant hulls to water of less than about 1 :2 by weight.
  • forming the slurry of ground plant hulls may include dispersing the ground plant hulls in water that has a temperature of at least about 33 °F, such as at least about 50 °F, at least about 72 °F, at least about 100 °F, at least about 150 °F, at least about 160 °F, at least about 175 °F, at least about 190 °F, less than about 250 °F, less than about 200 °F, less than about 160 °F, in a range from about 33 °F to about 210 °F, about 50 °F to about 190 °F, about 100 °F to about 200 °F, or about 150 °F to about 190 °F.
  • a temperature of at least about 33 °F such as at least about 50 °F, at least about 72 °F, at least about 100 °F, at least about 150 °F, at least about 160 °F, at least about 175 °F, at least about 190 °F, less
  • Block 320 recites, "treating the slurry with an alkali to adjust the pH of the slurr to a range from about 7 to about 7.5.” Treating the slurry with an alkali may include adding an alkali or an alkali solution to the slurry.
  • the alkali may include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, or any other alkali salt.
  • treating the slurry with an alkali to adjust the pH of the slurry to a range from about 7 to about 7.5 may be similar or identical to block 130 "adjusting the pH of the slurry to a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5" disclosed herein, in one or more aspects.
  • treating the slurry with an alkali to adjust the pH of the slurry to a range from about 7 to about 7.5 provides minimal aikalization of the slurry and ground plant hulls therein.
  • the minimal aikalization allows for formation of additive infused ground plant hulls (e.g., trehalose and/or guar gum infused ground plant hulls) and slurries thereof without neutralization and washing the slurry after aikalization.
  • treating the slurry with an alkali to adjust the pH of the slurry to a range from about 7 to about 7.5 may include adding the alkali to the slurry (e.g., trehalose infused oat hull slurry) effective to cause the pH of the slurry to be in the range from about 7,0 to about 7.5, such as about 7.1 to about 7.5, about 7.0 to about 7.3, about 7.1 to about 7.3, about 7.2 to about 7.4, or about 7.3 to about 7.5.
  • the alkali to the slurry e.g., trehalose infused oat hull slurry
  • treating the slurry with the alkali may include adding sodium hydroxide to the sluny in an amount effective to adjust the pH of the slurry to be in the range from about 7 to about 7.5 such as about 7.3 to about 7.5.
  • treating the slurry with the alkali may include adding an alkali solution to the slurry or dissolving the alkali in the slurry in an amount effective to adjust the slurry to have the pH in a range from about 7 to about 7.5.
  • the minimal alkalization of the slurry disclosed herein allows for the partial breakdown of the microstructure of the ground plant hulls while providing a pH sufficient enough (e.g., neutral enough) or similar to allow use of the slurry, such as in ingestible applications (e.g., nutraceutical, food, or beverages) without neutralization and washing.
  • a pH sufficient enough e.g., neutral enough
  • ingestible applications e.g., nutraceutical, food, or beverages
  • Block 330 recites, "heating the slurry to a selected temperature for a first duration under agitation.”
  • heating the slurry to a selected temperature for a first duration under agitation may include heating the slurry to a temperature of at least about 160 °F.
  • heating the slurry e.g., trehalose slurry of ground plant hulls and trehalose
  • heating the slurry to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation may include heating the slurry to a temperature of at least about 160 °F, such as in a range from about 160 °F to about 190 °F, about 175 °F to about 200 °F, about 175 °F to about 190 °F, at least about 175 °F, or at least about 190 °F.
  • heating the slurry to a selected temperature for a first duration under agitation may include heating the sluny to the selected temperature over at least a portion of the first duration, such as by ramping up to the selected temperature over at least a portion of the first duration.
  • heating the slurry to a selected temperature for a first duration under agitation may include maintaining the slurry at the selected temperature for at least a portion of the first duration.
  • heating the slurry to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation may include heating the sluny for at least about 10 minutes under constant agitation.
  • the first duration may be at least 10 minutes such as in a range from about 10 minutes to about 10 hours, about 10 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 30 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 40 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 2 hours, less than about 10 hours, less than about 5 hours, less than about 2 hours, less than about 1 hour, or less than about 30 minutes.
  • heating the slurr' to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation may include agitating the slurry by one or more of stirring, mixing, tumbling, sonic agitation, ultrasonic agitation (e.g., ultrasonication), or any other means of agitation.
  • heating the slurry to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation may include applying constant agitation to the slurry or periodic agitation to the slurry.
  • heating the slurry to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation may include heating the slurry under constant agitation for at least about 10 minutes. In some examples, heating the slurry to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation may include heating the slurry to at least about 175 °F for at least about 15 minutes under constant agitation. In some examples, heating the slurry to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation may include heating a ground oat hull slurry (e.g., ground trehalose infused oat hull slurry) to at least about 175 °F for at least about 15 minutes under constant agitation.
  • ground oat hull slurry e.g., ground trehalose infused oat hull slurry
  • heating the slurry to the selected temperature for the first duration under agitation may include evaporating at least some water from the slurry, such as to cause the slurry to have any of the total solids contents disclosed herein.
  • FIGS. 4A-4C are schematics of an example ground plant hull at various points during the example method 300.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic of a ground plant hull 400 prior to blocks 320, 330, 340, 350, and 360.
  • the ground plant hull 400 may be lignocellulose.
  • the ground plant hull 400 may include lignin 202 that retains cellulose 204 and hemicellulose 206 therein.
  • the cellulose 204 may be arranged within the lignin 202 framework in a substantially parallel configuration.
  • the hemicellulose 206 may be arranged in randomly oriented structures which span between and around the cellulose 204 within the lignin 202.
  • the ground plant hull 400 may at least partially break down. For example, one or more portions of the ground plant hull 400 may dissociate, decompose, exhibit surface roughness, fracture, etc.
  • FIG. 4B is a schematic of the ground plant hull of FIG. 4A after the ground plant hull
  • the broken down ground plant hull 400b may include breaks and discontinuities in one or more of the lignin 202, cellulose 204, and hemicellulose 206 as disclosed above with respect to FIGS. 2A-2C.
  • the lignin 202 may be at least partially broken down to expose surfaces of one or both of the cellulose 204 and hemicellulose 206.
  • One or more of the hemicellulose 206 and lignin 202 may serve to at least partially maintain the bulk structure of the ground plant hull 400b.
  • hydrocoUoid material may infuse into or onto the ground plant hull 400b.
  • block 340 recites "adding a hydrocoUoid material to the slurry while heating and agitating the slurry for a second duration to form a hydrocoUoid slum'.”
  • adding a hydrocoUoid material to the slurry while heating and agitating the slurry for a second duration to form a hydrocoUoid slurry may include adding a selected amount of hydrocoUoid material to the slurry.
  • the hydrocoUoid material may include a hydrocoUoid gum, such a guar gum may be added to the slurry to form the hydrocoUoid slurry.
  • the hydrocoUoid material may include one or more of guar gum, locust bean gum, gum Arabic, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, acacia gum, starch, xanthan gum, or any other hydrocoUoid.
  • the hydrocoUoid material may be in solution, dispersion, suspension, or a powder.
  • adding a hydrocoUoid material to the slurry while heating and agitating the slurry for a second duration to form a hydrocoUoid slurry may include adding the hydrocoUoid material in one or more of solution, dispersion, suspension, or a powder to the slurry.
  • the hydrocoUoid material may include at least one or more of hydrocoUoid material powder or prehydrated hydrocoUoid material.
  • adding the hydrocoUoid material to the slurry comprises adding guar gum to the slurry, such as in one or more of a guar gum powder or a prehydrated guar gum.
  • the hydrocolloid material may include a guar gum composition of about 25% of a hydrated guar gum and about 75% guar gum powder.
  • the hydrocolloid material may include at least 10 wt% (e.g., at least 10 wt%, 20 w ⁇ %, 25 wt%, 30 wt%, or 50 wt%), of a hydrocolloid gum powder and at least 10 wt% (e.g., at least 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 25 wt%, 30 wt%, or 50 wt%) of a prehydrated hydrocolloid gum.
  • adding the hydrocolloid material to the slurry comprises adding the hydrocolloid material to the slurry in an amount effective to cause the hydrocolloid slurry to have a ratio of hydrocolloid material to slurry of at least about 1 :99 (e.g., by weight), such as about 1 :99 to about 1 :2, about 1 :9 to about 1 :3, about 1 :6 to about :2, 1 :99 to about 1 :9, or a ratio of hydrocolloid material to slurry of less than about 1 : 2.
  • a ratio of hydrocolloid material to slurry of at least about 1 :99 (e.g., by weight), such as about 1 :99 to about 1 :2, about 1 :9 to about 1 :3, about 1 :6 to about :2, 1 :99 to about 1 :9, or a ratio of hydrocolloid material to slurry of less than about 1 : 2.
  • adding the hydrocolloid material to the slurry comprises adding the hydrocolloid material (e.g., guar gum) to the slurry in an amount effective to cause the hydrocolloid slurry to have a ratio of hydrocolloid material to slurry in a range from about 1 :99 to about 1 :9.
  • the hydrocolloid material e.g., guar gum
  • adding a hydrocolloid material to the slurry while heating and agitating the slurry for a second duration to form a hydrocolloid slurr may include heating the slurry (e.g., trehalose slurry) to at least one intermediate temperature.
  • the at least one intermediate temperature may be at least about 160 °F, such as in a range from about 160 °F to about 190 °F, about 175 °F to about 200 °F, about 175 °F to about 190 °F, at least about 175 °F, or at least about 190 °F.
  • the at least one intermediate temperature may include 2 or more intermediate temperatures, such as 3, 4, 5, 6 or more intermediate temperatures.
  • adding a hydrocolloid material to the slurry whi le heating and agitating the slurry for a second duration to form a hydrocolloid slurry may include one or both of heating or agitating the slurry or hydrocolloid slurry for the second duration.
  • the second duration may be at least 5 minutes such as in a range from about 10 minutes to about 10 hours, about 10 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 30 minutes to about 60 minutes, about 15 minutes to about 30 minutes, about 20 minutes to about 40 minutes, about 40 minutes to about 2 hours, less than about 10 hours, less than about 5 hours, less than about 2 hours, less than about 1 hour, or less than about 30 minutes.
  • adding the hydrocolloid material to the slurry may include adding guar gum to the slurry while heating and constantly agitating the slurry for at least about 5 minutes.
  • adding the hydrocolloid material to the slurry may include one or more of dissolving, suspending, or dispersing guar gum in the slurry while maintaining the slurry at a temperature of at least about 160 °F.
  • adding the hydrocolloid material to the slurry may include dissolving guar gum in the slurry while maintaining the slurry at a temperature of at least about 175 °F and constantly agitating the slurry for at least about 5 minutes.
  • the hydrocolloid slurry may include ground plant hulls and the hydrocolloid material both in water.
  • the hydrocolloid slurry may include an alkali dissolved, suspended, or dispersed therein.
  • the hydrocolloid slurry may include hydrocolloid material on ground plant hulls, such as any of the ground plant hulls disclosed herein (e.g., trehalose infused ground plant hulls).
  • the hydrocolloid slurry may include guar gum and trehalose infused oat hulls in water.
  • Block 350 recites "exposing the hydrocolloid slurry to an ultrasonic agitation to infuse the hydrocolloid material into at least some of the ground plant hulls and form a hydrocolloid infused slurry.”
  • exposing the hydrocolloid slurry to an ultrasonic agitation may include applying sonic agitation or ultrasonic agitation to the hydrocolloid slurry (ground plant hulls) such as in a container (e.g., tank, drum, beaker, etc.).
  • exposing the hydrocolloid slurry to ultrasonic agitation comprises exposing the hydrocolloid slurry to ultrasonic agitation for at least 15 minutes, such as at least 30 minutes.
  • exposing the hydrocolloid slurry to ultrasonic agitation comprises exposing the hydrocolloid slurry to ultrasonic agitation for at least 15 minutes while maintaining the temperature of the hydrocolloid slurry at a temperature of at least about 160 °F such as at least about 175 °F or at least about 185 °F.
  • the hydrocolloid infused slurry may have a total solids content of at least about I wt%, such as about 1 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 25 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 30 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 30 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 30 wt% to about 35 wt%, more than about 25 wt%, more than about 30 wt%, more than about 35 wt%, less than about 30 wt%, or less than about 25 wt%.
  • I wt% such as about 1 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 25 wt%, about 20
  • the hydrocoUoid infused slurry may be at least 20 wt% ground plant hulls, such as in a range from about 20 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 22 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 20 wt3 ⁇ 4 to about 25 wt%, about 25 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 25 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 30 wt% to about 40 wt%, more than about 22 wt%, more than about 25 wt%, or more than about 30 wt% ground plant hulls.
  • the hydrocoUoid infused slurry may include any of the viscosities of the slurries disclosed herein, such as in any of the ranges disclosed herein.
  • the hydrocoUoid material may increase the viscosity of the hydrocoUoid infused slurry and decrease the flowability of the hydrocoUoid slurry (as compared to a solely trehalose infused slurry).
  • the hydrocoUoid infused slum' may have a lower total solids content than the solely trehalose slurries disclosed herein to allow pumpability, such as about a 5 wt% or more lower total solids content or about a 5 wt3 ⁇ 4 to about 10 wt% lower total solids content than the solely trehalose infused slurry.
  • the lower total solids content may be solely due to using fewer ground plant hulls (e.g., 5 wt% less to about 10 wt% less) than the trehalose infused ground plant hull compositions disclosed above.
  • the hydrocoUoid infused slurry may include less than about 20 wt% ground plant hulls.
  • the hydrocoUoid infused sluriy may include at least 1 wt% hydrocoUoid material, such as in a range from about 1 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 25 wt%, about 25 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 30 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 40 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 30 wt%, at least about 5 wt%, at least about 0 wt%, at least about 20 wt%, at least about 30 wt%, at least about 35 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 5 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 15
  • the hydrocoUoid infused slurry may include substantially only hydrocoUoid material, ground plant hulls, water, and alkali (e.g., alkali metal ions from dissolved alkali).
  • the hydrocolloid infused slurry may he pumpable at 25 wt% or 30 wt 0/ o total solids content or more where conventional plant hull slurries that include hydrocolloid materials are not pumpable.
  • the hydrocolloid infused slurry may include hydrocolloid material, ground plant hulls, trehalose, water, and alkali.
  • a trehalose infused plant hull slurry may be infused with the hydrocolloid material (e.g., guar gum) to form the hydrocolloid infused slurry.
  • the trehalose content of a hydrocolloid (and trehalose) infused plant hull composition may be at least about 5 wt% of the hydrocolloid infused slurry, such as in a range from about 5 wt% to about 25 wt%, about 7 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 8.5 wr% to about 15 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 8.5 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 10 wt3 ⁇ 4 to about 15 w ⁇ %, about 5 wt% to about 15 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 20 wt%, less than about 30 wt%, more than about 8.5 wt%, more than about 8.58 wt%, more than about 10 wt%, or more than about 15 wt% of the hydrocolloid infused slurry.
  • the hydrocolloid infused slurry may include a ratio of ground plant hulls to trehalose (by weight) of about 5 : 1 or more (with the remainder including water), such as in a range of about 5: 1 to about 5:3, about 5: 1 to about 5: 1.5, about 5: 1.5 to about 5:2, about 5:2 to about 5:2.5, about 5:2.5 to about 5:3, about 5: 1 to about 5:2, or about 5: 1 to about 5:2.
  • the total solids content of the hydrocolloid infused slurry may be less than about 25 wt% and the ratio of ground plant hulls to trehalose in the slurry is about 5: 1 to about 5:3.
  • any of values of the ratios disclosed above may be a ratio of ground plant hulls and hydrocolloid material to trehalose.
  • the hydrocolloid material and trehalose may be infused into the ground plant hulls substantially simultaneously.
  • adding a hydrocolloid material to the slurry while heating and agitating the slum- for a second duration to form a hydrocolloid slum- may include adding trehalose to the slurry, such as in any of the amounts disclosed herein.
  • FIG. 4C is a schematic of the ground plant hull of FIG. 4A after the ground plant hull has been at least partially broken down and hydrocolloid material 409 infused therein.
  • the hydrocolloid infused ground plant hull 400c may include hydrocolloid material 409 infused therein.
  • the hydrocolloid material 409 may be infused in one or more of the lignin 202, the cellulose 204, and the hemicellulose 206.
  • the hydrocolloid material 409 may be present in the hydrocolloid slurry or hydrocolloid infused slurry in any of the amounts disclosed herein.
  • One or more of the hemicellulose 206 and lignin 202 may serve to at least partially maintain the bulk structure of the ground plant hull 400c.
  • the hydrocolloid infused ground plant hull 400c may be a single (e.g., coherent) particle.
  • the slurries disclosed herein may include a plurality of ground plant hulls such as any of ground plant hulls 400, 400b, or 400c (or hydrocolloid infused ground plant hulls as shown in FIG. 4D). At least some of the hydrocolloid material 409 may not be infused into the ground plant hulls. For example, the hydrocolloid material 409 may be freely dispersed or suspended in the hydrocolloid infused slurry.
  • cooling the hydrocolloid infused slurry to below the selected temperature may include cooling the hydrocolloid infused slurry to room temperature or below.
  • cooling the hydrocolloid infused slum' to below the selected temperature may include cooling the hydrocolloid infused slurry to a temperature in a range between the selected temperature and above the freezing point of water.
  • cooling the hydrocolloid infused slurry to below the selected temperature may include cooling the hydrocolloid infused slurry to a temperature below about 45 °F.
  • cooling the hydrocolloid infused slurry to below the selected temperature may include cooling the hydrocolloid slurry to a temperature in a range from about 33 °F to about 45 °F.
  • cooling the hydrocolloid infused slurry to below the selected temperature may include removing the hydrocolloid infused slurry from a heat source. In some examples, cooling the hydrocolloid infused slurry to below the selected temperature may include one or more of blowing a fluid (e.g., air) across the hydrocolloid infused slurry, placing the hydrocolloid infused slurry in a refrigerated environment, or placing the hydrocolloid infused slurry in an open air environment.
  • FIG, 4D is a schematic of the ground plant hull of FIG. 4A after the ground plant hull has been at least partially broken down and trehalose 208 and hydrocolioid material 409 is infused therein.
  • the trehalose and hydrocolioid infused ground plant hull 400d may include trehalose 208 and hydrocolioid material 409 infused therein.
  • the trehalose 208 and hydrocolioid material 409 may be infused in one or more of the lignin 202, the cellulose 204, and the hemi cellulose 206.
  • the trehalose 208 and hydrocolioid material 409 may be present in the hydrocolioid slurry or hydrocolioid infused slurry in any of the amounts disclosed herein.
  • One or more of the hemiceliulose 206 and lignin 202 may serve to at least partially maintain the bulk structure of the trehalose and hydrocolioid infused ground plant hull 400d.
  • the trehalose and hydrocolioid infused ground plant hull 400d may be a single (e.g., coherent) particle.
  • the slurries disclosed herein may include a plurality of ground plant hulls such as any of ground plant hulls 400, 400b, or 400c, or 400d,
  • the method 300 may include pumping the hydrocolioid infused slurry. In some examples, the method 300 may include at least partially filling an aseptic packaging with the hydrocolioid infused slurry.
  • the method 300 may include drying the hydrocolioid infused slurry (e.g., hydrocolioid and trehalose infused oat hull slurry). In some examples, the method 300 may include drying the hydrocolioid infused slurry via one or more of drum drying, flash drying, freeze drying, pulse drying, or spray drying. In some examples, diying the hydrocolioid infused slurry may include drying the slurry effective form one or more of hydrocolioid infused ground plant hull powder or trehalose and hydrocolioid infused ground plant hull powders. In some examples, the method 300 may include at least partially filling an aseptic packaging with the hydrocolioid infused slurry that has been dried.
  • the hydrocolioid infused slurry e.g., hydrocolioid and trehalose infused oat hull slurry.
  • the method 300 may include at least partially filling an aseptic packaging with one or more of trehalose infused plant hull powder, hydrocolioid infused ground plant hull powder, or trehalose and hydrocolioid infused ground plant hulls.
  • the method 300 may include adding the hydrocolioid infused slurry that has been dried to a trehalose infused ground plant hull powder to form a powder mixture.
  • the method 300 may include providing the ground plant hulls, such as providing ground oat hulls or trehalose infused oat hulls.
  • the powder mixture may include at least some hydrocoUoid material therein and at least some trehalose infused ground plant hulls therein.
  • the powder mixture may include a dry mixture of trehalose infused plant hulls and particles of a hydrocoUoid material.
  • FIG. 4E is a schematic illustration of a slurry 420 of ground plant hulls 400c or 400d, arranged in accordance with at least some embodiments described herein.
  • FIG. 4E shows the slum' 420.
  • the slurry 420 includes water 222, one or more of ground plant hulls 400c or 400d, and one or more of trehalose or hydrocoUoid material infused into the ground plant hulls 400c or 400d.
  • the slurry 420 may have a total solids content of at least about 30 wt%; ground plant hulls may be at least about 20 wt% of the slurry 420; hydrocoUoid material may be at least about 5 wt% of the slurry 420, and the pH of the slurry 420 is in a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5.
  • trehalose may be at least about 5 wt% of the slurry.
  • the slurry 420 may have a total solids content of up to about 30 wt% (e.g., about 20 wt% to about 30 wt%); ground plant hulls may be at least about 15 wt% of the slurry 420; hydrocoUoid material may be at least about 1 wt% (e.g., at least 5 wt3 ⁇ 4) of the slurry 420; and the pH of the slurry 420 is in a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5.
  • trehalose may be at least about 5 wt% of the slurry (e.g., at least about 8.5 wt% of the slurry).
  • the ground plant hulls 400c or 400d can include any of the ground plant hulls disclosed herein.
  • the ground plant hulls 400c or 400d may be ground oat hulls.
  • the ground plant hulls 400c or 400d may have any of the average ground plant hull particle sizes disclosed herein.
  • the slurry 420 may have a total solids content of at least about 20 wt% (e.g., at least about 30 wt%), such as any of the total solids content for any of the slurries disclosed herein.
  • the ground plant hulls may be at least about 15 wt% of the slurry 420, such as any of the ground plant hull weight percentages of any of the slurries disclosed herein.
  • the hydrocolloid material may he at least about 1 wt% of the slurry 420, such as any of the hydrocoll oid material weight percentages of any of the slurries disclosed herein.
  • the hydrocolloid material (e.g., guar gum) may be at least 1 wt% of the slurry 420, such as in a range from about 1 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 25 wt%, about 25 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 30 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 40 wt% to about 50 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 30 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 15 wt3 ⁇ 4, at least about 5 wt%, at least about 10 wt%, at least about 20 wt%, at least about 30 wt%, at least about 35 wt%, about I wt% to about 5 wt%, about 5 w ⁇ % to about 10 wt
  • the trehalose may be at least about 5 wt% of the slurry 420, such as any of the trehalose weight percentages of any of the slurries disclosed herein.
  • the amount of trehalose and the amount of hydrocolloid material in the slurry 420 may be substantially equal .
  • the pH of the slurry 420 may be in a range from about 7.0 to about
  • the slurry 420 may have a total solids content of at least about 25 wt% or at least about 30 wt%; ground plant hulls may be at least about 20 wt% of the slurry 420; the hydrocolloid material may be at least about 1 wt% of the slurry; and the pH of the slurry is in a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5.
  • the ground plant hulls may be at least about 25 wt% of the slurry 420 and the hydrocolloid material may be at least about 8 wt% of the slurry 420.
  • the ground plant hulls may be at least about 20 wt% of the slurry 420 and the hydrocolloid material may be at least about 10 wt% of the slurry 420. In some examples, the ground plant hulls may be at least about 25 wt% of the slurry 420 and the hydrocolloid material may be at least about 10 wt% of the slurry 420. In some examples, the ground plant hulls may be at least about 20 wt% of the slurry 420, the hydrocolloid material may be at least I wt% of the slurry 420, and the trehalose may be at least about 5 wt3 ⁇ 4 of the slurry 420.
  • the slurry 420 may comprise at least about 20 wt% ground oat hulls, at least about 10 wt% hydrocolloid material, and at least about 10 wt% trehalose.
  • the balance of the slurry 420 may include one or more of water or dissolved alkali (s) (e.g., sodium from sodium hydroxide).
  • the slurry 420 may exhibit a viscosity of at least 30,000 centipoi se, such as any of the viscosities disclosed herein (e.g., at least 40,000 centipoise).
  • the slurry 420 may be punipable at viscosities of 30,000 centipoise or higher, such as 40,000 or at least 50,000 centipoise.
  • the slurry 420 may include any of the slurries or components thereof disclosed herein, such as a trehalose slurry or a hydrocolloid infused slurry (e.g., a trehalose and hydrocolloid infused slurry).
  • the slurry 420 may include one or more of hydrocolloid material or trehalose at least partially dissolved, suspended, or dispersed in the water 222, but not infused into the ground plant hulls 400c or 400d.
  • at least some hydrocolloid material or trehalose may be free in the slurr as a solid that is not infused into the ground plant hulls 400c or 400d.
  • a method to make a coated plant particle composition may include any of blocks 1 10-140 or 310-360, or any additional techniques disclosed herein.
  • a method to make a coated plant particle composition may include at least partially breaking down ground plant hulls in a slurry using an alkali in an amount effective to cause the slurry to have a pH in a range from about 7 to about 7.5; adding a hydrocolloid material to the slurry while heating the slurry to a selected temperature and agitating the slurry for a selected duration to form a hydrocolloid slurry without neutralizing or washing the slurry, wherein the hydrocolloid slurry comprises the hydrocolloid material and the ground plant hulls; exposing the hydrocolloid slurry to ultrasonic agitation to form hydrocolloid infused ground plant hulls in a hydrocolloid infused slurry; and cooling the hydrocolloid infused slurry to below the selected temperature.
  • At least partially breaking down ground plant hulls in the slurry using the alkali may include maintaining the slurry at a temperature in a range from about 160 °F to about 190 °F.
  • the example methods disclosed herein may include drying the slurries disclosed herein into a powder via drying, such as by one or more of one or more of drum drying, flash drying, freeze drying, pulse drying, or spray drying.
  • the example methods disclosed herein may be used to form ground plant hull containing materials, such as powder mixtures (e.g., nutraceuticals, food additives, supplements, etc), foods, beverages, cosmetics, laxatives, lotions, shampoos, conditioners, soaps, etc.
  • the method 300 may include infusing one or more of an antifungal material, probiotic(s), flavorants, stabilizers, etc., into the ground plant particles (e.g., trehalose infused ground plant hull particles).
  • a probiotic such as Bifidobacteria (e.g., Bifidobacteria animal is.
  • Bifidobacteria breve, Bifidobacteria /act is.
  • Lactobacillus e.g., Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus reuteri, etc.
  • Lactobacillus e.g., Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus reuteri, etc.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustrating an example method 500 to make a treated plant product.
  • the treated plant product may be trehalose and/or hydrocolioid infused ground plant hulls, such as in a powder mixture.
  • the example method 500 may include one or more operations, functions or actions as illustrated by one or more of blocks 510, 520, 530, or 540.
  • the operations described in the blocks 510-540 may be performed in response to execution (such as by one or more processors described herein) of computer-executable instructions stored in a computer-readable medium, such as a computer-readable medium of a computing device or some other controller similarly configured.
  • An example method may begin with block 510, which includes "forming a plurality of trehalose infused ground plant hulls.”
  • Block 510 may be followed by block 520, which includes “transporting the trehalose infused ground plant hulls to a blending location.”
  • Block 520 may be followed by block 530, which includes "dry blending the trehalose infused ground plant hulls with one or more of guar or guar gum to form a dry mixture.”
  • Block 530 may be followed by block 540, which includes "packaging the dry mixture,"
  • block 530 dries blending the trehalose infused ground plant hulls with one or more of guar or guar gum to form a dry mixture, and block 540 "packaging the dry mixture" may be combined into a single block.
  • Block 510 includes, "forming a plurality of trehalose infused ground plant hulls.”
  • forming the plurality of trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515 may include forming any of the trehalose infused ground plant hulls disclosed herein, such as trehalose infused ground oat hulls.
  • forming the plurality of trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515 may include forming any of the trehalose slurries (e.g., trehalose infused slurries) disclosed herein, such as any of those disclosed in example methods 100 and 300.
  • any of the blocks 1 10-140, 310-360, or any other portions of example methods 100 or 300 may be performed at one or more locations such as in modules.
  • forming the plurality of trehalose infused ground plant hulls may include forming a slurry (e.g., of the trehalose infused ground plant hulls) at a first location and further processing the slurry to trehalose infused ground plant hulls in at least a second location.
  • the trehalose infused ground plant hulls may be dried at a different location than the first location.
  • forming the plurality of trehalose infused ground plant hulls may include drying any of the trehalose slurries disclosed herein, such as to form the trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515.
  • the trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515 may be in slurry form or in powder form.
  • Block 520 includes, "transporting the trehalose infused ground plant hulls to a blending location.”
  • transporting the trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515 to the blending location may include pumping the trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515, such as in a slurry, to the blending location.
  • pumping the trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515 in the slurry may include pumping a slurry that includes any of the slurries disclosed herein (e.g., trehalose slurry or hydrocolloid infused slurry), such as a slurry that has at least 25 wt% (e.g., at least 30 wt%) total solids content.
  • the slurry may include 30 wt% total solids content, at least 20 wt% ground plant hulls, at least 5 wt% trehalose (e.g., at least 8.58 wt%), and a pH of about 7,0 to about 7.5.
  • transporting the trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515 to the blending location may include pumping the trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515 via a conduit to the blending location, such as to a different location (than the slurry production location) at a production plant.
  • transporting the trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515 to the blending location may include pumping the trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515 to a transportation vehicle such as a taick or trailer.
  • the method 500 may include drying the slurry to form the trehalose infused ground plant hull powder 515.
  • transporting the trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515 to the blending location may include transporting the trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515 to the blending location in a slurry form and then drying the slurry to form the trehalose infused ground plant hull powder 515.
  • transporting the trehalose infused ground plant hulls 515 to the blending location may include transporting the trehalose infused ground plant hull powder 515 to the blending location.
  • Block 530 includes, "dry blending the trehalose infused ground plant hulls with one or more of guar or guar gum to form a dry mixture.”
  • dry blending the trehalose infused ground plant hulls with one or more of guar or guar gum to form the dry mixture 335 may include mixing the trehalose infused ground plant hulls with the one or more of guar or guar gum (e.g., hydrocolloid material ), such as via a mixer, (dry)blender, tumbler, etc.
  • guar or guar gum e.g., hydrocolloid material
  • dry blending the trehalose infused ground plant hulls with one or more of guar or guar gum to form the dry mixture 335 may include blending the trehalose infused ground plant hulls 315 with guar gum infused ground plant particles 325 to form the dry mixture 335 that has trehalose infused ground plant hulls and guar gum infused ground plant particles.
  • dry blending the trehalose infused ground plant hulls with one or more of guar or guar gum to form the dry mixture may include forming a nutraceutical, food additive, supplement, food, beverage, laxative, cosmetic, lotion, shampoo, conditioner, soap, etc., blend of the dry mixture 535.
  • the dry mixture 535 may include at least about 30 wt% ground plant hulls, such as in a range from about 30 wt% to about 90 wt%, about 30 wt% to about 60 wt%, about 40 wt% to about 70 wt%, about 60 wt% to about 90 wt%, about 60 wt% to about 70 wt , about 70 wt% to about 80 wt%, about 80 wt% to about 90 wt%, less than about 90 wt%, less than about 70 wt%, less than about 50 wt%, or less than about 30 wt% ground plant hulls.
  • the dry mixture 535 may include at least about 15 wt% trehalose, such as in a range from about 15 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 25 wt%, about 25 wt% to about 35 wt%, about 30 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 15 wt% to about 35 wt%, less than about 40 w ⁇ %, or less than about 30 wt% trehalose.
  • the dry mixture 535 may include at least about 5 wt% hydrocolloid material (e.g., guar or guar gum), such as in a range from about 5 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 40 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 20 wt% to about 40 wt%, less than about 40 wt%, less than about 30 wt%, or less than about 20 wt% hydrocolloid material.
  • the dry mixture may include one or more of an anti-fungal, probiotic(s), flavorant(s), stabilize ⁇ s), or colorant(s) (e.g., dye).
  • the guar gum may provide a digestible fiber where trehalose and trehalose infused oat hulls may not be as digestible as the guar gum.
  • a powder mixture may include some percentage of trehalose infused oat hull fibers (e.g., powder) that have been replaced by hydrocolloid material (e.g., guar gum) to make the dry mixture more digestible.
  • a 30 wt% trehalose infused oat hull fiber powder or solution may be replaced by a 15 wt% trehalose infused oat hull and 15 wt% guar gum infused oat hull fiber powder or solution to make the powder or solution more digestible than if only trehalose infused oat hulls here present.
  • a powder mixture or solution containing the same may serve as a replacement or alternative for psyllium powder.
  • the guar gum may provide a digestible fiber where trehalose and trehalose infused oat hulls may not be as digestible as the guar gum.
  • a powder mixture may include some percentage of trehalose infused oat hull fibers (e.g., powder) that have been replaced by guar gum or guar gum infused oat hull fibers (e.g., powder) to make the dry mixture more digestible.
  • the dry mixture may include a ratio of trehalose to guar gum (e.g., wt:wt) of at least about 20: 1 , such as in a range from about 20: 1 to about 1 : 1, about 20: 1 to about 10: 1, about 0: 1 to about 5: 1, 5: 1 to about 1 : 1, about 3 : 1 to about 1 : 1, at least about 10: 1, or at least about 3 : 1.
  • the method 500 may include forming guar gum infused ground plant hulls (e.g., particles), such as via the example method 300.
  • the guar gum infused ground plant hull particles may be similar or identical to any of the hydrocolloid infused ground plant hulls disclosed herein (e.g., particle 400c or 400d).
  • forming the guar gum infused ground plant hulls may include any of the blocks 110-140, 310-360, or any other portions of example methods 100 or 300.
  • the any of the blocks HOMO, 310-360, or any other portions of example methods 100 or 300 may be performed at one or more locations such as in modules. The products thereof may be transported to a different module.
  • Block 540 includes, "packaging the dry mixture.”
  • packaging the dry mixture may include packaging the dry mixture 335 in package 547.
  • the package 547 may include a bag, box, bucket, tin, pouch, or any other type of package.
  • packaging the dry mixture may include may include packaging the dry mixture in individual serving size packages.
  • packaging the dry mixture may include sealing the dry mixture 335 in the package 547.
  • packaging the dry mixture 525 may include form fill sealing (e.g., vertical or horizontal) the dry mixture 335 in package 547.
  • packaging the dry mixture may include providing a label on the packaging, such as a contents label.
  • any of the blocks disclosed herein may be performed automatically, responsive to instructions from a controller (e.g., computing device).
  • the example method 500 may be performed responsive to instructions from a controller.
  • the controller may receive feedback from one or more sensors operably coupled thereto.
  • the controller may be operably coupled to one or more temperature probes, a time, or one or more pH meters.
  • the controller may cause heating elements to heat the slurry to be the selected temperature and the timer may cause the heating elements to cease heating the slurry upon expiration of a selected duration.
  • the alkali may be added to the slurry automatically and may cease to be added once the pll meter detects that the pH of the slurry is at a selected amount or in a selected range.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example computing device 600 that is arranged for forming compositions in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • computing device 600 typically includes one or more processors 610 and system memory 620.
  • a memory bus 630 may be used for communicating between the processor 610 and the system memory 620.
  • processor 610 may be of any type including but not limited to a microprocessor ( ⁇ ), a microcontroller ( ⁇ ), a digital signal processor (DSP), or any combination thereof.
  • Processor 610 may include one or more levels of caching, such as a level one cache 61 1 and a level two cache 612, a processor core 613, and registers 614.
  • An example processor core 613 may include an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a floating point unit (FPU), a digital signal processing core (DSP Core), or any combination thereof.
  • An example memory controller 615 may also be used with the processor 610, or in some implementations, the memory controller 615 may be an internal part of the processor 610.
  • system memory 620 may be of any type including but not limited to volatile memory (such as RAM), non-volatile memory (such as ROM, flash memory, etc.) or any combination thereof.
  • System memory 620 may include an operating system 621 , one or more applications 622, and program data 624.
  • Application 622 may include a formation procedure 623 that is arranged to form a composition as described herein (e.g., example method 100, 300, or 500).
  • Program data 624 may include temperature ranges, durations, pH ranges, and/or other information useful for the implementation of any of the example methods 100, 300, or 500.
  • application 622 may be arranged to operate with program data 624 on an operating system 621 such that any of the procedures described herein may be performed. This described basic configuration is illustrated in FIG. 6 by those components within dashed line of the basic configuration 601.
  • Computing device 600 may have additional features or functionality, and additional interfaces to facilitate communications between the basic configuration 601 and any required devices and interfaces.
  • a bus/interface controller 640 may be used to facilitate communications between the basic configuration 601 and one or more storage devices 650 via a storage interface bus 641.
  • the storage devices 650 may be removable storage devices 651, non-removable storage devices 652, or a combination thereof.
  • Examples of removable storage and non-removable storage devices include magnetic disk devices such as flexible disk drives and hard-disk drives (HDD), optical disk drives such as compact disk (CD) drives or digital versatile disk (DVD) drives, solid state drives (SSD), and tape drives to name a few.
  • Example computer storage media may include volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data.
  • System memory 620, removable storage 651 and non-removable storage 652 are all examples of computer storage media.
  • Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which may be used to store the desired information and which may be accessed by computing device 600. Any such computer storage media may be part of computing device 600.
  • Computing device 600 may also include an interface bus 642 for facilitating communication from various interface devices (e.g., output interfaces, peripheral interfaces, and communication interfaces) to the basic configuration 601 via the bus/interface controller 640.
  • Example output devices 660 include a graphics processing unit 661 and an audio processing unit 662, which may be configured to communicate to various external devices such as a display or speakers via one or more A/V ports 663.
  • Example peripheral interfaces 670 include a serial interface controller 671 or a parallel interface controller 672, which may be configured to communicate with external devices such as input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse, pen, voice input device, touch input device, etc.) or other peripheral devices (e.g., printer, scanner, etc.) via one or more VO ports 673.
  • An example communication device 680 includes a network controller 681, which may be arranged to facilitate communications with one or more other computing devices 690 over a network communication link via one or more communication ports 682.
  • the network communication link may be one example of a communication media.
  • Communication media may typically be embodied by computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal, such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media.
  • a "modulated data signal" may be a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in the signal.
  • communication media may include wired media such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, radio frequency (RF), microwave, infrared (IR) and other wireless media.
  • RF radio frequency
  • IR infrared
  • the term computer readable media as used herein may include both storage media and communication media.
  • Computing device 600 may be implemented as a portion of a small-form factor portable (or mobile) electronic device such as a cell phone, a personal data assistant (PDA), a personal media player device, a wireless web-watch device, a personal headset device, an application specific device, or a hybrid device that include any of the above functions.
  • a small-form factor portable (or mobile) electronic device such as a cell phone, a personal data assistant (PDA), a personal media player device, a wireless web-watch device, a personal headset device, an application specific device, or a hybrid device that include any of the above functions.
  • PDA personal data assistant
  • Computing device 600 may also be implemented as a personal computer including both laptop computer and non-laptop computer configurations.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example computer program product 700 that is arranged to store instructions for making a composition in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • the signal bearing medium 702 which may be implemented as or include a computer-readable medium 706, a recordable medium 708, a communications medium 710, or combinations thereof, stores programming instructions 704 that may configure the processing unit to perform all or some of the processes previously described.
  • These programming instructions 704 may include, for example, one or more executable instructions for forming a plurality of trehalose infused ground plant hulls; transporting the trehalose infused ground plant hulls to a blending location; dry blending the trehalose infused ground plant hulls with one or more of guar or guar gum to form a dry mixture; and packaging the dry mixture.
  • the programming instructions 704 may include, for example, one or more executable instructions for adding ground plant hulls to water; combining trehalose with the ground plant hulls and water to form a slurry; adjusting a pH of the slurry to a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5; and heating the slurry to a selected temperature for a first duration under agitation; wherein the slurry has a total solids content of at least about 30 wt%, the ground plant hulls is at least about 20 wt% of the slurry, the trehalose is at least about 5 wt% of the slurry, and the pH of the slurry is in a range from about 7.0 to about 7.5.
  • the programming instructions 704 may include, for example, one or more executable instructions for forming a slurry of ground plant hulls, treating the slurry with an alkali to adjust the pH of the slurry to a range from about 7 to about 7,5; heating the slurry to a selected temperature for a first duration under agitation; adding a hydrocolioid material to the slurry while heating and agitating the slurry for a second duration to form a hydrocolioid slurry; exposing the hydrocolioid slurry to an ultrasonic agitation to infuse the hydrocolioid material into at least some of the ground plant hulls and form a hydrocolioid infused slurry; and cooling the hydrocolioid infused slurry to below the selected temperature.
  • the computer program product 700 may be used to cause an automated trehalose infused oat hull composition system to form trehalose infused oat hull compositions (e.g., powders or slurries).
  • the computer program product may include machine readable instructions for performing any of the methods or components thereof disclosed herein, with an automated system.
  • Control sample 1 and 3 are different working examples of oat hull slurries were formed.
  • Control sample 1 had a total solids content of solely ground oat hulls (no trehalose). The working examples had different total solids amounts and different trehalose amounts.
  • ground oat hulls (about 44 ⁇ average particle size) were combined with water to form an oat hull slurry with a 25 wt% total solids content.
  • the pH of the slurry was set by adding a predetermined amount of NaOH solution to the water and additional amount to the slurry as required to bring pH to 7,28.
  • the slurry was hydrated and alkalized for 15 minutes at about 175 °F with constant slow stirring in an enclosed bowl.
  • Each working examples had a different total solids content and trehalose content.
  • ground oat hulls (about 44 um average particle size) were combined with water to form an oat hull slurry.
  • Each of working examples 1-3 had 25 wt% ground oat hulls.
  • Working example 1 had a trehalose content of 5 wt% and 30 wt% total solids content.
  • Working example 2 had a trehalose content of 8.5 w ⁇ % and 33,5 wt3 ⁇ 4 total solids content.
  • Working example 3 had a trehalose content of 10 wt% and 35 wt% total solids content.
  • the pH of the slurry was set by adding a predetermined am ount of NaOH solution to the water and additional amount to the slurry as required to bring pH to about 7.3 ,
  • Working example 1 had pH of 7.32,
  • Working example 2 had pH of 7.30,
  • Working example 1 had pH of 7.31 ,
  • the slurries were hydrated and alkalized for 15 minutes at about 175 °F with constant slow stirring in an enclosed bowl.
  • control sample 1 and working examples 1 -3 were evaluated visually for smoothness and flowability, as well as viscosity.
  • An AMETEK Brookfield HADV- II+Pro viscometer was used to measure the viscosity of control sample I and working examples 1 -3.
  • a constant shear rate was applied as the viscometer was lowered at a rate of 1 mm per second, to provide optimal contact between the respective slurries and the viscometer's spindle.
  • Table 1 shows the measured viscosities of control sample 1 and working examples 1-3.
  • Trehalose infused oat hull fibers were infused with guar gum to form working example 4 in accordance with an example of the present disclosure.
  • Trehalose infused oat hull fibers and trehalose infused oat hull fibers that include probiotics were used to form the guar gum infused oat hull composition of working example 4.
  • Guar gum (75 wt% guar gum and 25 wt% prehydrated guar gum blend) was added to trehalose infused oat hull fibers and trehalose in a 1 :2 ratio of guar gum to oat hull fibers and trehalose (both trehalose infused and trehalose and probiotic infused oat hulls).
  • 1 g of guar gum was fully dispersed in a solution containing 2g trehalose infused oat hulls and trehalose and probiotic infused oat hulls.
  • the guar gum and trehalose infused oat hulls were mixed for 15 minutes in a mixer.
  • Working example 4 was a solution of 1 wt% ground plant hulls, I wt% trehalose, and I wt% guar gum.
  • Control sample 2 was formed by making a solution containing 1 wt% ground oat hulls and 1 wt% trehalose. A 1% psyllium solution was formed. [0129] The viscosity of the guar gum infused oat hull slurry of working example 4, control sample 2, and a 1% psyllium solution were tested for viscosity and organoleptic properties. An AMETEK Brookfield HADV-II+Pro viscometer was used to measure the viscosity of control sample 2 working example 4, and the 1% psyllium solution.
  • Table 2 shows the viscosity measurements of control sample 2 and the psyllium solution over time and Table 3 shows the organoleptic properties of the body (bulk appearance), texture (e.g., graininess), flavor, and color of control sample 2 and the psyllium solution.
  • Table 3 shows the organoleptic properties of the 1% psyllium solution over time and Table 5 shows the organoleptic properties of the body (bulk appearance), texture (e.g., graininess), flavor, and color of working example 4 and the psyllium solution.
  • a guar gum infused ground oat hull fiber powder was formed as working example 5 in accordance with an example of the present disclosure.
  • Ten grams of ground oat hull fiber powder (about 44 ⁇ average particle size) was dispersed in 990 g of water at about 175 °F to form a slurry.
  • the pH of the slurry was adjusted to between 7.3 and 7.5 by adding sodium hydroxide granules.
  • the pH adjusted slurry was maintained at 175 °F while constant agitation was applied via stirring for fifteen minutes.
  • guar gum 75 wt% guar gum and 25 wt% prehydrated guar gum blend
  • the guar gum slurry (containing the oath hulls and still having a pH between about 7.3 and 7.5) was agitated by sonication for 15 minutes at 175 °F.
  • the slurry was disposed in aseptic packaging and cooled to just above the freezing point of water.
  • the slurry contained about 1 wt% oat hulls and about 1 wt% guar gum.
  • working example 5 exhibited similar organoleptic properties to the 1 % psyllium solution ,
  • the body of both working example 5 and the 1% psyllium solution exhibited a mucilaginous body.
  • the texture of both working example 5 and the 1% psyllium solution exhibited very smooth texture.
  • ail ranges disclosed herein also encompass any and all possible subranges and combinations of subranges thereof. Any listed range can be easily recognized as sufficiently describing and enabling the same range being broken down into at least equal halves, thirds, quarters, fifths, tenths, etc. As a non-limiting example, each range discussed herein can be readily broken down into a lower third, middle third and upper third, etc.
  • ail language such as “up to,” “at least,” “greater than,” “less than,” and the like include the number recited and refer to ranges which can be subsequently broken down into subranges as discussed above.
  • a range includes each individual member.
  • a group having 1-3 items refers to groups having 1, 2, or 3 items.
  • a group having 1-5 items refers to groups having 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 items, and so forth,
  • the user may opt for a mainly hardware and/or firmware vehicle; if flexibility is paramount, the user may opt for a mainly software implementation, or, yet again alternatively, the user may opt for some combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware.
  • Examples of a signal bearing medium include, but are not limited to, the following: a recordable type medium such as a floppy disk, a hard disk drive (HDD), a Compact Disc (CD), a Digital Video Disk (DVT)), a digital tape, a computer memory, etc.; and a transmission type medium such as a digital and/or an analog communication medium (e.g., a fiber optic cable, a waveguide, a wired communications link, a wireless communication link, etc.).
  • a typical data processing system generally includes one or more of a system unit housing, a video display device, a memory such as volatile and nonvolatile memory, processors such as microprocessors and digital signal processors, computational entities such as operating systems, drivers, graphical user interfaces, and applications programs, one or more interaction devices, such as a touch pad or screen, and/or control systems including feedback loops and control motors (e.g., feedback for sensing position and/or velocity; control motors for moving and/or adjusting components and/or quantities).
  • a typical data processing system may be implemented utilizing any suitable commercially available components, such as those typically found in data computing communication and/or network computing/communication systems.
  • any two components so associated can also be viewed as being “operably connected”, or “operably coupled”, to each other to achieve the desired functionality, and any two components capable of being so associated can also be viewed as being “operably couplable”, to each other to achieve the desired functionality.
  • operably couplable include but are not limited to physically mateable and/or physically interacting components and/or wirelessly interactable and/or wirelessly interacting components and/or logically interacting and/or logically interactable components.

Landscapes

  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concernent, à titre d'exemple, des procédés, des systèmes, des produits, des dispositifs qui sont généralement associés à des compositions de coque de plante moulue qui comprennent un ou plusieurs matériaux infusés en leur sein. Les procédés donnés à titre d'exemple consistent à former une bouillie par alcalinisation minimale. Les procédés donnés à titre d'exemple consistant en une alcalinisation minimale d'une bouillie de coque de plante moulue pour éliminer le besoin de neutralisation et de lavage de la bouillie de coque de plante moulue avant utilisation.
PCT/US2017/060706 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Coques de plantes moulues infusées WO2019094012A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2017/060706 WO2019094012A1 (fr) 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Coques de plantes moulues infusées

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2017/060706 WO2019094012A1 (fr) 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Coques de plantes moulues infusées

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019094012A1 true WO2019094012A1 (fr) 2019-05-16

Family

ID=66439288

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2017/060706 WO2019094012A1 (fr) 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Coques de plantes moulues infusées

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2019094012A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5085883A (en) * 1991-06-27 1992-02-04 Abbott Laboratories Blend of dietary fiber for nutritional products
US5766662A (en) * 1995-11-28 1998-06-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Dietary fiber gels for calorie reduced foods and method for preparing the same
US20030194473A1 (en) * 1996-08-14 2003-10-16 Bruce K. Redding Process and apparatus for producing dietary fiber products
US20060093720A1 (en) * 2004-10-28 2006-05-04 Ed Tatz Pumpable, semi-solid low calorie sugar substitute compositions
US20060286268A1 (en) * 2005-06-14 2006-12-21 Circle Group Holdings, Inc. Amorphous insoluble cellulosic fiber and method for making same
US20130115344A1 (en) * 2010-05-18 2013-05-09 Abbott Laboratories Ultrasonically-treated nutritional products having extended shelf life
WO2014138196A2 (fr) * 2013-03-08 2014-09-12 Aggredyne, Inc. Composition et procédé pour l'étalonnage ou le test de contrôle de qualité d'un dispositif de dispersion de lumière

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5085883A (en) * 1991-06-27 1992-02-04 Abbott Laboratories Blend of dietary fiber for nutritional products
US5766662A (en) * 1995-11-28 1998-06-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Dietary fiber gels for calorie reduced foods and method for preparing the same
US20030194473A1 (en) * 1996-08-14 2003-10-16 Bruce K. Redding Process and apparatus for producing dietary fiber products
US20060093720A1 (en) * 2004-10-28 2006-05-04 Ed Tatz Pumpable, semi-solid low calorie sugar substitute compositions
US20060286268A1 (en) * 2005-06-14 2006-12-21 Circle Group Holdings, Inc. Amorphous insoluble cellulosic fiber and method for making same
US20130115344A1 (en) * 2010-05-18 2013-05-09 Abbott Laboratories Ultrasonically-treated nutritional products having extended shelf life
WO2014138196A2 (fr) * 2013-03-08 2014-09-12 Aggredyne, Inc. Composition et procédé pour l'étalonnage ou le test de contrôle de qualité d'un dispositif de dispersion de lumière

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Khalesi et al. New insights into food hydrogels with reinforced mechanical properties: A review on innovative strategies
Bai et al. Self-assembled networks of short and long chitin nanoparticles for oil/water interfacial superstabilization
Lentle et al. Physical characteristics of digesta and their influence on flow and mixing in the mammalian intestine: a review
BRPI0309894B1 (pt) Composição, processo para preparar uma composição decelulose microcristalina, produto alimentício, composição farmacêutica, composição cosmética, forma de dosagem farmacêutica, e, composição industrial
Zhou et al. Modulation of physicochemical characteristics of pickering emulsions: Utilization of nanocellulose-and nanochitin-coated lipid droplet blends
Tecante et al. Solution properties of κ-carrageenan and its interaction with other polysaccharides in aqueous media
Wu et al. Rheological and microstructural properties of porcine gastric digesta and diets containing pectin or mango powder
Li et al. Interpenetrating network gels with tunable physical properties: Glucono-δ-lactone induced gelation of mixed Alg/gellan sol systems
BR122019003441B1 (pt) Composições de biomassa contendo pectina ativada e produtos compreendendo as ditas composições
CN102160611B (zh) 玉米纤维胶组合物增稠剂
CN102665441A (zh) 用于食品应用的水分散性组合物
ES2512721T3 (es) Estabilizador para aplicaciones alimentarias
CN102443186A (zh) 环氧氯丙烷交联壳聚糖微球的制备方法
CN108113003A (zh) 一种适合婴幼儿的益生菌软胶囊及其制备方法
MX2011010399A (es) Carboximetil celulosa con propiedades mejoradas.
Gabiatti Jr et al. Characterization of dietary fiber from residual cellulose sausage casings using a combination of enzymatic treatment and high-speed homogenization
BR112014001536B1 (pt) método para a fabricação de material pulverizado e pulverizador vibrante
EP3679096A1 (fr) Compositions colloïdales de cellulose microcristalline et d'alginate, leur préparation et produits obtenus à partir de celles-ci
Zhang et al. Drying methods, carrier materials, and length of storage affect the quality of xylooligosaccharides
Li et al. 3D printing and controlled release of functional ripening surimi improved by nano starch-xylo-oligosaccharides: Chemical bonds and microstructure influences
WO2019094012A1 (fr) Coques de plantes moulues infusées
Knarr et al. Characterization of in-vitro gel performance of novel MC with respect to the suitability for satiety applications
Li et al. Preparation of bacteriostatic microspheres loading potassium diformate using emulsification/external gelation
Kapoor et al. Non-thermal ultrasonic contact drying of pea protein isolate suspensions: Effects on physicochemical and functional properties
PT1448608E (pt) Composição contendo carragenano com propriedades melhoradas de formação de gel

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 17931317

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 17931317

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1