WO2019092869A1 - Système pour plantes - Google Patents

Système pour plantes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019092869A1
WO2019092869A1 PCT/JP2017/040668 JP2017040668W WO2019092869A1 WO 2019092869 A1 WO2019092869 A1 WO 2019092869A1 JP 2017040668 W JP2017040668 W JP 2017040668W WO 2019092869 A1 WO2019092869 A1 WO 2019092869A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
plant
control unit
light source
unit
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PCT/JP2017/040668
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
亘 宮澤
康希 中原
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新電元工業株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2017/040668 priority Critical patent/WO2019092869A1/fr
Publication of WO2019092869A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019092869A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plant system.
  • plant factories that artificially construct a plant breeding environment have attracted attention. These plant factories are characterized by being able to efficiently mass produce pesticide-free high-quality plants (vegetables, fruits, etc.) without being influenced by the natural environment.
  • plant factories There are two types of plant factories: a sunlight type plant factory and a fully controlled plant factory with artificial light sources.
  • the plant factory described in Patent Document 1 is a solar plant type plant, and consumes in the growth room an input energy control device that optimally controls the input of power, heat and light energy to the growth room It has a consumption energy control device for optimally managing the consumption energy, and a data bank for storing data of the optimum growth environment according to the type of plant grown in the growth room, and based on the data of the data bank, plant cultivation
  • a plant factory comprising a plant growth management device for controlling light, temperature, humidity, fertilizer, CO 2 on a shelf, and an integrated management device for comprehensively controlling an input energy control device, a consumption energy control device and a plant growth management device is there. According to the plant factory described in Patent Document 1, it is said that high-quality plants (vegetables) can be grown at low energy costs.
  • the plant factory described in Patent Document 2 is a completely controlled plant factory, and includes a case having a cultivation space for accommodating a plant, and a growth of a plant provided on the casing and accommodated in the cultivation space.
  • a light source for emitting necessary cultivation light a light source control device for lighting the light source, a computer for controlling the light source control device, a keyboard as input means for setting a light and dark cycle, and a light and dark cycle set from the keyboard
  • a plant factory (plant cultivation apparatus) having a memory device which is storage means for storing and a display which is display means for displaying the temperature and humidity in the cultivation space.
  • a plant possessed by a light source is controlled by lighting the light source such that the end of the dark period becomes 1 to 3 hours before the dawn time in the circadian rhythm of the plant. Plants can be efficiently cultivated using the inherent circadian rhythm.
  • Patent Document 1 it is possible to reduce energy consumption to some extent because artificial light sources and sunlight are used in combination, but it is possible to reduce the state of the living creature (at that point) In practice, it is not easy to greatly reduce energy consumption, because artificial light sources and solar light sources are not used in a form adapted to the state of the organism.
  • the artificial light source is adapted to the state of the living organism (the state of the living organism at that time). Again, it is not easy to significantly reduce energy consumption.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a plant system that can be grown with lower energy consumption than before.
  • a plant system is a plant system including a plant mechanism unit and a plant control unit for controlling the operation of the plant mechanism unit, wherein the plant mechanism unit is provided with a growing unit of a living organism.
  • a house a light source unit in which a plurality of light sources are arranged, an optical sensor for detecting the light intensity in the growing portion, a biological sensor for detecting the physical / chemical state of the living body, and power necessary for operation
  • the plant control unit includes a database storing growth conditions suitable for the living being, a light source control unit for controlling the operation of the light source unit, an operation linkage of the database and the light source control unit, The light source control unit compares the light intensity in the growing portion detected by the light sensor with the light intensity included in the growth condition of the database.
  • the light environment in the growth portion is The operation of the light source unit is controlled so as to provide a light environment adapted to the growth conditions.
  • the plant mechanism unit includes the light source unit, the optical sensor for detecting the light intensity in the growing unit, and the biological sensor for detecting the physical and chemical state of the living body, and the plant control unit Has a database storing growth conditions suitable for living organisms, and a light source control unit for controlling the operation of the light source unit, and the light source control unit compares the light intensity in the growth portion with the light intensity included in the growth conditions And compare the physical and chemical state of the organism with the physical and chemical state of the organism included in the growth conditions, so that the light environment in the growth part is a light environment adapted to the growth conditions.
  • an optical sensor for detecting the overall light intensity in the growing part as the light sensor
  • an optical sensor for detecting light intensity at a predetermined position in the growing part or a predetermined one in the growing part An optical sensor that detects the intensity of light incident at a predetermined angle at a position can also be used.
  • the light intensity of light traveling downward from above the growing region For example, the light intensity of light traveling upward from below the growth region, the light intensity of light traveling upward from below the growth region, and the light intensity of light traveling along the lateral direction of the growth region
  • Light sensor that detects each independently, and when the organism is a plant, the light sensor that detects the intensity of light incident on the front side of the plant leaf and the intensity of light incident on the back side of the plant leaf independently, respectively Etc. can be used.
  • an optical sensor capable of detecting not only the intensity of light but also the wavelength of light as the optical sensor, and the wavelength of light (or a predetermined wavelength range of light) It is even more preferable to use an optical sensor capable of detecting the light intensity every time.
  • a more appropriate light environment (mainly, the light is irradiated in any way) according to the state of the living organism (the state of the living organism at that time) It is possible to grow organisms under a much more appropriate light environment), and to grow organisms of higher quality than ever with lower energy consumption than ever before.
  • a light source unit for forming the overall light environment (light intensity) in the growing portion as the light source portion
  • a light source for forming the light environment (light intensity) at a predetermined position in the growing portion It is also possible to use a light source unit that forms a light environment (light intensity) at each predetermined angle at a predetermined position in a part or a growth part.
  • the light intensity of light traveling downward from above the growing region the light intensity of light traveling upward from below the growth region, and the light intensity of light traveling along the lateral direction of the growth region
  • the intensity of light incident on the front side of the plant leaf and the intensity of light incident on the back side of the plant leaf can be independently adjusted.
  • a light source unit or the like can be used.
  • a light source unit capable of adjusting not only the light intensity but also the light wavelength as the light source unit.
  • the light wavelength or a predetermined wavelength range of light
  • a light source part whose light intensity can be adjusted for each).
  • a biological sensor As a biological sensor, a biological sensor that measures the sound emitted by a living thing, a biological sensor that measures a sound when hitting a living thing, electrical characteristics of the living thing (eg, surface resistance of the living thing, internal resistance of the living thing, electrostatic of the living thing) Biological sensors that measure the capacity, biological inductance, etc., biological sensors that measure the color of biological organisms, biological sensors that measure the pH of biological organisms, biological sensors that measure the type or amount of chemical substances emitted by biological organisms, odors emitted by biological organisms
  • the biological sensor which measures, the biological sensor which measures the weight of a living thing, the biological sensor which measures the size of a living thing, the biological sensor which measures the shape of a living thing, etc. can be illustrated.
  • the electrical property of the living body may be an electrical property at direct current, an electrical property at alternating current, or a transient electrical property, or two of them. There may be more than one. Also, in the case of electrical characteristics in alternating current, it may be electrical characteristics at low frequency, may be electrical characteristics at high frequency, or may be electrical characteristics at any frequency. .
  • the plant control unit further comprises a biological sensor control unit for controlling the operation of the biological sensor
  • the central control unit is the biological sensor control unit in addition to the database and the light source control unit. It is preferable to control the operation linkage of
  • the biological sensor control unit measures the color of any part of the living thing (for example, a part of a stem, a part of a leaf, a part of a fruit, etc.)
  • Control the color of the organism for example, in the case of leaves, measure from the front of the leaf, measure from the back of the leaf, average on the whole, etc.
  • timing for example, every other day, every hour, every minute, etc.
  • the growth conditions for example, under what kind of light environment it is preferable to grow the organism according to the growth stage, it is grown under what kind of temperature and humidity environment Under what kind of water supply amount, what kind of water supply amount it is preferable to grow, what kind of nutrient supply amount it is preferable to grow under what kind of composition of air environment It is fostered under what kind of stress environment, what kind of wind environment it is suitable to breed and what kind of sound environment it is best to bring up. Including any conditions that affect the growth of the organism, such as what is preferred.
  • the physical / chemical state of the organism preferably includes information represented by a parameter relating to sound, electricity or chemistry.
  • the physical / chemical state of the organism includes information represented by any of the parameters relating to sound, electricity and chemistry,
  • the chemical state can be objectively detected.
  • Parameters relating to any of sound, electricity and chemistry include the sound emitted by the living thing, the sound when hitting the living thing, the electrical properties of the living thing (eg, the surface resistance of the living thing, the internal resistance of the living thing, the capacitance of the living thing , Biological inductance, etc., biological color, biological pH, kind and amount of chemical substance emitted by biological material, odor from biological material, weight of biological material, size of biological material, shape of biological material, etc. In such cases, there is also the growing condition of the leaves of plants, the tension condition of the roots of living things, etc.
  • the electrical property of the living body may be an electrical property at direct current, an electrical property at alternating current, or a transient electrical property, or two of them. There may be more than one. Also, in the case of electrical characteristics in alternating current, it may be electrical characteristics at low frequency, may be electrical characteristics at high frequency, or may be electrical characteristics at any frequency. .
  • the light source includes an LED or an organic EL
  • the light source control unit sets the current flowing to the LED or the organic EL within a range of a minimum drive current to a maximum drive current. It is preferable to control the light intensity of the said LED or the said organic EL by carrying out control in sequence or continuously.
  • the light source may be a discharge tube.
  • the LED or the organic EL has a configuration in which a plurality of at least two light emitting elements of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element or the blue light emitting element are used in one package.
  • the light source control unit independently drives and controls each of the light emitting elements of at least two of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element.
  • the plant system of this aspect since it is possible to control the color and intensity of light emitted from the light source with higher accuracy, it is possible to further improve the light environment according to the state of the living organism being grown. It is possible to grow organisms under the bottom, and to grow even higher quality organisms with lower energy consumption.
  • control by the light source control unit may be batch drive control for simultaneously driving each of the light emitting elements simultaneously or division for driving each of the light emitting elements to be divided into predetermined groups. It is preferable to be drive control.
  • the drive device in the case of collective drive control, the drive device is simplified, and a low cost plant system can be realized as a whole.
  • divisional drive control it becomes possible to cause each light emitting element to emit light at an appropriate timing, so that living things can be grown under a more appropriate light environment according to the state of the living thing being grown. It is possible to grow higher quality organisms with lower energy consumption. Further, by shifting the light emission timing for each group, the load on the power source can be reduced, and a compact plant system can be realized as a whole with energy saving.
  • control by the light source control unit is pulse division drive control for pulse-driving each of the light emitting elements for each predetermined group, and the pulse division drive control is between different groups
  • interleaving drive is used to drive the light emitting elements such that the light emissions of the light emitting elements do not overlap in time.
  • the load on the power source can be reduced, and an energy saving and compact plant system can be realized as a whole.
  • the light source control unit preferably controls the operation of the light source unit such that the light reception intensity at the light sensor is in the range of 70 to 80% of the optimum light intensity under growth conditions. .
  • control by the light source control unit comprises: blinking control to drive each of the light emitting elements to emit mixed colors; and light modulation driving to set each of the light emitting elements to mixed colors It is preferable to include light adjustment control to be emitted.
  • the light source further includes at least one of an ultraviolet light source emitting ultraviolet light, an far red light source emitting far red light, and a white light source emitting white light. preferable.
  • the light source further includes at least one of an ultraviolet light source, a far-red light source, and a white light source, so that a more appropriate light environment can be provided according to the condition of the growing organism. It becomes possible to grow organisms, and it is possible to grow higher quality organisms with lower energy consumption.
  • the control by the light source control unit is an ultraviolet light source, a far red light source and a white color Flash control to drive at least one of the light sources to emit mixed colors, and light control to drive at least one of the ultraviolet light source, far-red light source and white light source to emit mixed colors And preferably.
  • the plant mechanism unit further includes a temperature and humidity sensor for detecting the temperature and humidity in the growing portion, and a temperature and humidity adjusting portion for adjusting the temperature and humidity in the growth portion.
  • the plant control unit further includes a temperature and humidity control unit that controls the temperature and humidity adjustment unit, and the temperature and humidity control unit includes the temperature and humidity detected by the temperature and humidity sensor, the temperature included in the growth condition, and the temperature and humidity control unit. It is preferable to control the temperature / humidity adjustment unit so that the temperature and humidity in the growing portion become the temperature and humidity adapted to the growing condition by comparing the humidity.
  • the temperature and humidity adjustment unit is controlled so that the temperature and humidity in the growing unit become the temperature and humidity adapted to the growing conditions, an appropriate temperature according to the state of the living organism being grown It becomes possible to grow organisms under a humidity environment, and it is possible to grow higher quality organisms with lower energy consumption.
  • the plant mechanism unit further includes a sunlight adjusting plate having a reflection function of reflecting sunlight and taking it into the growing house and a light shielding function of shielding the sunlight.
  • the plant control unit performs sunlight control for changing a posture of the sunlight adjustment plate or movement control for moving the sunlight adjustment plate so as to follow movement of the sun or shield sunlight.
  • the light adjusting plate control unit is further provided, and the sunlight adjusting plate control unit compares the light intensity detected by the light sensor with the light intensity included in the growth condition, and the light environment in the growth portion is the growth It is preferable to perform attitude control or movement control of the sunlight adjustment plate so as to provide a light environment adapted to the conditions.
  • the light adjusting device control section compares the light intensity detected by the light sensor with the light intensity included in the growth condition, and the light environment in the growth portion conforms to the growth condition Since attitude control or movement control of the solar light adjustment plate is performed so as to be a light environment, it is possible to grow an organism under an appropriate light environment according to the state of the living creature while using sunlight It is possible to grow high quality organisms with lower energy consumption. Moreover, according to the plant system of this aspect, since it becomes possible to take in sunlight into the breeding house, it is possible to grow with even lower energy consumption.
  • the plant control unit further includes a light supplement control unit that limits light supplementation by sunlight
  • the light source control unit is a light intensity detected by the light sensor
  • the light control unit compares the light intensity detected by the light sensor with the light intensity included in the growth condition, and the light intensity detected by the light sensor is higher than the light intensity included in the growth condition. It is preferable to perform attitude control or movement control of the sunlight adjustment plate to limit the light supplementation by sunlight.
  • the light source is compensated by the light source when the light intensity of sunlight is low, and the light supplementation by sunlight (or the supply of sunlight) is narrowed when the light intensity of sunlight is high.
  • the solar control plate is provided with an optical filter for cutting light of a wavelength harmful to a living thing or an optical fiber for guiding the sunlight to the growing portion.
  • the solar control plate is provided with the optical filter or the optical fiber, it is always appropriate according to the state of the living creature while using sunlight. It becomes possible to grow organisms under the light environment, and it is possible to grow high quality organisms with lower energy consumption.
  • the plant mechanism unit further includes a nutrient solution supply unit having a nutrient solution tank storing nutrient solution to be supplied to the organism, and the plant control unit is configured to receive the nutrient solution.
  • the system further comprises a nutrient solution supply control unit for supplying the organism, wherein the nutrient solution supply controller controls the physical / chemical state of the organism detected by the biological sensor and the physical condition of the organism included in the growth condition.
  • the chemical solution is compared, and at least one of the composition, supplied amount and temperature of the nutrient solution is at least one of composition, supplied amount and temperature of the nutrient solution adapted to the growth conditions It is preferred to control the operation of the supply.
  • At least one of the composition, the supply amount and the temperature of the nutrient solution is at least one of the composition, the supply amount and the temperature of the nutrient solution adapted to the growth conditions.
  • the nutrient solution supply unit further includes a water tank for culturing fish, and the nutrient solution supply unit supplies a nutrient solution containing excrement of the fish to the growth unit. It is preferable to do.
  • the excrement of fish is effectively used to appropriately supply the nutrient solution according to the state of the living organism. It becomes possible to grow organisms under the environment, and it is possible to grow higher quality organisms with lower energy consumption.
  • the organism includes a plant
  • the growing house includes a plant growing house
  • the database stores the growing condition of the plant according to the circadian rhythm as the growing condition.
  • environmental stress data including light intensity stress data, temperature stress data or drought stress data, for controlling the growth rate of the organism is stored.
  • the database stores the growth conditions according to the circadian rhythm of the plant as the growth conditions, and controls the growth rate of the organism, light intensity stress data, temperature stress data or drying stress data Since it is possible to grow plants while keeping an appropriate growth suppression period, it is possible to grow plants of higher quality with lower energy consumption, since environmental stress data including the above are stored.
  • the plant mechanism unit further includes a monitoring apparatus for a living thing to be grown in the growing unit, and the plant control unit includes a communication unit and a personal computer or portable via the Internet.
  • a growth condition control unit having a function of changing or correcting the growth condition from a terminal, and a function of changing or correcting the growth condition based on monitoring information provided by the monitoring device or weather information provided from the outside; It is preferable to have.
  • the growth condition control unit has a function of changing and correcting the growth conditions based on the monitoring information by the monitoring device or the weather information provided from the outside. It becomes possible to grow quality organisms with lower energy consumption.
  • the plant control unit further includes a power source control unit for controlling the operation of the power source, and the central control unit is added to the database and the light source control unit. It is preferable to control the operation linkage of the power source control unit.
  • the power according to the environment (light intensity, temperature and humidity, etc.) of the growing part, the external environment (season, time, weather, air temperature, humidity), physical and chemical state of the organism, etc.
  • the ability to properly control the operation of the source enables high quality organisms to be grown with lower energy consumption.
  • the electric power source is an electric power source using electric power using renewable energy
  • the renewable energy is sunlight, wind power, water power, geothermal heat, solar heat, in the natural world It is preferable to use the existing heat, waste disposal energy or biomass as an energy source.
  • the plant mechanism unit since the plant mechanism unit includes the power source using the power using the renewable energy as the power source, it is possible to further reduce the energy consumption.
  • the plant control unit further includes a power source control unit that controls the operation of the power source
  • the renewable energy is generally an energy source that is likely to be influenced by the natural environment. The plant system can be operated stably.
  • the power source may be a power source using power using only renewable energy as a power source, but power from a normal power source and renewable energy are used. It is preferable that it is an electric power source which used combined electric power.
  • the power source includes a first converter, a battery for storing power, and a second converter, and the first converter generates the power generated from the renewable energy.
  • the switching device comprises a unidirectional switching type switching device having a function of converting into power corresponding to a load, and the second converter converts the power converted by the first converter into power corresponding to the battery, and the battery It is preferable to be a bidirectional switching type switching device having a function of converting stored power into power corresponding to a load.
  • the plant system of the present embodiment is a system capable of using natural energy because the power source includes the first converter, the battery, and the second converter configured as described above. It becomes a plant system that can operate stably without being influenced by the production situation.
  • the first converter and the second converter are at least one of a gallium nitride semiconductor device, a silicon carbide semiconductor device and a gallium oxide semiconductor device.
  • the switching device comprises
  • any one or both of the first converter and the second converter has a high slew rate of switching on / off speed and includes a semiconductor element operable at a high frequency. Since the device consists of devices, the power source becomes highly efficient, and energy consumption can be further reduced.
  • the first converter and the second converter have a function of controlling a voltage by changing at least a switching frequency or a duty.
  • the control of the switching frequency or the duty is performed based on the control of the power source control unit and / or the centralized control unit, so that the power source can It becomes possible to supply according to the information of the sensor, and it is possible to reduce the energy consumption more than before.
  • the plant mechanism unit further includes a solar panel capable of generating electric power and heat from solar light, and the heat stored in the solar panel is used as the solar heat. It is preferable to supply to at least one of the above-mentioned "growing house”, "a nutrient tank storing a nutrient solution to be supplied to an organism” and "a water tank storing water to be supplied to an organism”.
  • the plant system of the present embodiment it is possible to supply the heat generated by the solar panel as solar heat to at least one of the breeding house, the hydrostatic tank and the water tank and circulate it, thereby further consuming energy It can be further reduced.
  • FIG. 1 It is a block diagram showing the concept of the plant system in one example of an embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram shown in order to demonstrate a circadian rhythm. It is a figure shown in order to demonstrate the change of the light intensity of the sunlight in one day (24 hours). It is a figure shown in order to demonstrate multiple division drive of a plurality of LED light sources. It is a figure which shows the outline of the Example made as an experiment. It is a circuit diagram shown in order to demonstrate a LED power supply circuit. It is a figure shown in order to demonstrate 3 color light emission LED94. It is a figure which shows the output characteristic 100 of driver IC for LED lighting. It is a figure shown in order to demonstrate the 1st converter 200. FIG. It is a figure shown in order to demonstrate the 2nd converter 300. FIG.
  • the plant system of the present invention is a plant system for cultivating a living organism, and the target includes not only plants but also fish and the like.
  • the plants include plants grown on the ground and aquatic plants and seaweeds grown in the water, and the fish include river fish, marine fish, and deep sea fish.
  • the plant system is configured according to each target, and is controlled to be optimum conditions based on the nature and characteristics of the breeding organisms.
  • a plant plant system capable of cultivating many types of plants and saving energy is illustrated.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram shown to show the concept of a plant system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the plant system 10 which concerns on embodiment is provided with the plant mechanism part 12 and the plant control part 32, as shown in FIG.
  • the plant mechanism unit 12 includes a breeding house 14 provided with a growing unit 16 of an organism, a light source unit 18 in which a plurality of light sources are disposed, an optical sensor 20 for detecting light intensity in the growing unit 16, and physical properties of the organism.
  • a biological sensor 17 for detecting a chemical state
  • a power source 24 for supplying power necessary for operation.
  • the plant control unit 32 includes a database 34 storing growth conditions suitable for living organisms, a light source control unit 36 controlling the operation of the light source unit 18, and a central control unit 39 controlling operation coordination of the database 34 and the light source control unit 36. And
  • the light source control unit 36 compares the light intensity in the growing portion 16 detected by the light sensor 20 with the light intensity included in the growth conditions of the database 34, and also detects the physical and chemical properties of the organism detected by the biological sensor 17. By comparing the state with the physical and chemical state of the organism included in the growth conditions of the database 34, the operation of the light source unit 18 is performed so that the light environment in the growth area 16 becomes a light environment adapted to the growth conditions. Control.
  • the plant system 10 although it is possible to use an optical sensor that detects the overall light intensity in the growing portion 16 as the light sensor 20, the light intensity at a predetermined position in the growing portion 16 is detected. It is also possible to use an optical sensor or an optical sensor that detects the intensity of light incident at a predetermined angle at a predetermined position in the growth portion 16.
  • the light intensity of light traveling downward from above the growing portion 16 the light intensity of light traveling upward from below the growth portion 16, and light traveling along the lateral direction of the growth portion 16
  • Light sensor which independently detects the light intensity of the light, and when the living being is a plant, the light intensity incident on the front side of the plant leaf and the light intensity incident on the back side of the plant leaf are independently detected
  • An optical sensor or the like can be used.
  • the optical sensor which can detect the wavelength of light can also be used as an optical sensor. Further, it is also possible to use an optical sensor capable of detecting light intensity for each wavelength of light (or a predetermined wavelength range of light).
  • a light source unit that forms an overall light environment (light intensity) in the growing unit 16 can be used as the light source unit 18.
  • the light environment at a predetermined position in the growing unit 16 It is also possible to use a light source unit that forms (light intensity) or a light source unit that forms a light environment (light intensity) for each predetermined angle at a predetermined position in the growing unit 16.
  • the light intensity of light traveling downward from above the live 16 growth portion For example, the light intensity of light traveling upward from the lower portion of the growth portion 16, and the lateral direction of the growth portion 16
  • the light source part which can adjust the wavelength of light can also be used as the light source part 18.
  • FIG. it is also possible to use a light source unit whose light intensity can be adjusted for each wavelength of light (or a predetermined wavelength region of light).
  • the biological sensor 17 includes a biological sensor that measures the sound emitted by the living body, a biological sensor that measures the sound when striking the living body, an electrical property of the living body (for example, surface resistance of the living body) Biological resistance to measure the internal resistance of living organisms, biological capacitance, biological inductance, etc.
  • biological sensors to measure the color of living organisms biological sensors to measure the pH of living organisms, types or amounts of chemical substances emitted by living organisms
  • biological sensors to measure the odor of living organisms biological sensors to measure the weight of living organisms
  • biological sensors to measure the size of living organisms biological sensors to measure the shape of living organisms, organisms are plants
  • the electrical property of the living body may be an electrical property at direct current, an electrical property at alternating current, or a transient electrical property, or two of them. There may be more than one.
  • electrical characteristics in alternating current it may be electrical characteristics at low frequency, may be electrical characteristics at high frequency, or may be electrical characteristics at any frequency. .
  • the plant control unit 32 further includes a biological sensor control unit 35 that controls the operation of the biological sensor 17, and the central control unit 39 is added to the database 34 and the light source control unit 36.
  • the operation cooperation of the biological sensor control unit 35 may be controlled.
  • the biological sensor 17 may be a part of the living body (for example, a stem part, a leaf part, a fruit part) Control the color of the color, etc.), and from which direction the color of the organism is measured (for example, in the case of leaves, it is measured from the front of the leaf, measured from the back of the leaf, it is averaged on the whole) Etc.), and at which timing (for example, every other day, every other hour, every minute, etc.) to control the color of the organism.
  • a part of the living body for example, a stem part, a leaf part, a fruit part
  • the color of the organism for example, in the case of leaves, it is measured from the front of the leaf, measured from the back of the leaf, it is averaged on the whole
  • timing for example, every other day, every other hour, every minute, etc.
  • the growth conditions include, for example, under what kind of light environment it is suitable to grow under the condition of temperature and humidity according to the growth stage.
  • what kind of water supply amount what kind of water supply amount it is preferable to grow, what kind of nutrient supply amount it is preferable to grow under what kind of composition of air environment Training under what kind of wind environment, what kind of wind environment is good to grow under what kind of sound environment, what kind of stress environment it is best to bring up under what kind of stress environment
  • any conditions that affect the growth of the organism such as whether it is preferable to do so.
  • the physical / chemical state of the living body includes information represented by parameters relating to sound, electricity, or chemistry.
  • Parameters relating to any of sound, electricity and chemistry include the sound emitted by the living thing, the sound when hitting the living thing, the electrical properties of the living thing (eg, the surface resistance of the living thing, the internal resistance of the living thing, the capacitance of the living thing) , Biological inductance, etc., biological color, biological pH, kind and amount of chemical substance emitted by biological material, odor emitted from biological material, weight of biological material, size of biological material, shape of biological material, etc. .
  • the organism is a plant, it can also be exemplified by the degree of leaf growth, the degree of root tension, and the like.
  • the electrical property of the living body may be an electrical property at direct current, an electrical property at alternating current, or a transient electrical property, or two of them. There may be more than one. Also, in the case of electrical characteristics in alternating current, it may be electrical characteristics at low frequency, may be electrical characteristics at high frequency, or may be electrical characteristics at any frequency. .
  • the light source includes an LED or an organic EL
  • the light source control unit 36 steps the current flowing to the LED or the organic EL stepwise or continuously within the range of the minimum drive current to the maximum drive current. By controlling the light intensity of the LED or the organic EL.
  • the LED or the organic EL has a configuration in which a plurality of at least two light emitting elements of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element or the blue light emitting element are used in one package.
  • the control unit may drive and control each light emitting element independently for at least two light emitting elements of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element.
  • control by the light source control unit 36 is batch drive control that simultaneously drives each light emitting element simultaneously or divided drive control that divides and drives each light emitting element in a predetermined group. It may be.
  • control by the light source control unit 36 may be pulse division drive control in which each light emitting element is pulse-driven for each predetermined group, and the pulse division drive control is performed between different groups
  • interleaving drive may be used to drive the respective light emitting elements so that the light emissions of the respective light emitting elements do not overlap in time.
  • control by the light source control unit 36 may be flickering control in which each light emitting element is driven to blink to emit a mixed color, or each light emitting element is modulated to light and mixed It may be light control for emitting a color.
  • the light source further includes at least one of an ultraviolet light source emitting ultraviolet light, a far red light source emitting far red light, and a white light source emitting white light. It is also good.
  • the plant mechanism unit 12 adjusts the temperature and humidity in the growth unit 16, and the temperature and humidity sensor 26 that detects the temperature and humidity in the growth unit 16.
  • the plant control unit 32 further includes a temperature and humidity control unit 42 that controls the temperature and humidity adjustment unit 27.
  • the temperature and humidity control unit 42 detects the temperature and humidity detected by the temperature and humidity sensor 26. Even if the temperature and humidity adjustment section 27 is controlled so that the temperature and humidity in the growth section 16 become the temperature and humidity that match the growth condition by comparing the temperature and the humidity included in the growth condition with Good.
  • the plant mechanism unit 12 has a sunlight adjustment function that has a reflection function of reflecting sunlight and taking it into the breeding house 14 and a light shielding function of shielding sunlight.
  • the plant control unit 32 further includes a plate 22.
  • the plant control unit 32 moves the attitude control or the sunlight adjustment plate 22 to change the attitude of the sunlight adjustment plate 22 so as to follow the movement of the sun or shield the sunlight.
  • the solar light adjustment plate control unit 41 further includes a solar light adjustment plate control unit 41 that performs control, and compares the light intensity detected by the light sensor 20 with the light intensity included in the growth conditions.
  • the attitude control or movement control of the sunlight adjustment plate 22 may be performed such that the light environment of the light environment becomes a light environment adapted to the growth conditions.
  • the plant control unit 32 further includes a light supplement control unit 40 that controls light supplementation by sunlight
  • the light source control unit 36 detects the light intensity detected by the light sensor 20 and the growth.
  • the light intensity is compared with the light intensity included in the conditions, and when the light intensity detected by the light sensor 20 is lower than the light intensity included in the growth condition, the light source is driven to compensate the shortage, Is a comparison between the light intensity detected by the light sensor 20 and the light intensity included in the growth condition, and the light adjustment plate is detected when the light intensity detected by the light sensor 20 is higher than the light intensity included in the growth condition
  • the attitude control or movement control of 22 may be performed to limit supplemental light by sunlight.
  • the sunlight adjusting plate 22 may be provided with an optical filter for cutting light of a wavelength harmful to a living thing or an optical fiber for guiding the sunlight to the growing portion 16 .
  • the plant mechanism unit 12 further includes a nutrient solution supply unit 28 having a nutrient solution tank storing nutrient solution to be supplied to an organism, and the plant control unit 32 And a nutrient solution supply control unit 44 for supplying nutrient solution to the living body, wherein the nutrient solution supply control unit 44 controls the physical and chemical state of the organism detected by the biological sensor 17 and the physics of the organism included in the growth conditions.
  • the nutrient solution supply part so that at least one of the composition, supply amount and temperature of the nutrient solution is at least one of the composition, supply amount and temperature of the nutrient solution suitable for the growth conditions. It may control the operation of 28.
  • the nutrient solution supply unit 28 further includes a water tank for aquaculture of fish, and the nutrient solution supply unit 28 supplies a nutrient solution containing fish excrement to the growth unit. May be
  • the organism includes a plant
  • the breeding house 14 includes a plant cultivation house
  • the database 34 stores the growth condition according to the circadian rhythm of the plant as the growth condition and Environmental stress data may be stored, including light intensity stress data, temperature stress data, or dryness stress data, to control the speed.
  • the plant mechanism unit 12 further includes a monitoring apparatus 30 for the organisms grown in the growing unit 16, and the plant control unit 32 includes the communication unit 46 and the Internet. Growth with a function to change or correct growth conditions from a personal computer or a portable terminal via the same, and a function to change or correct growth conditions based on monitoring information by a monitoring device or weather information provided from the outside
  • the condition control unit 45 may be provided.
  • the plant control unit 32 further includes a power source control unit 37 that controls the operation of the power source 24, and the central control unit 39 includes the database 34 and the light source In addition to the control unit 36, the operation cooperation of the power source control unit 37 may be controlled.
  • the power source 24 may be a power source using power using renewable energy, and the renewable energy includes sunlight, wind power, water power, geothermal heat, solar heat, and the natural world.
  • the heat source may be heat, waste treatment energy or biomass present in the plant.
  • the power source 24 may be a power source using power using only renewable energy as the power source, but with the power from the normal power source And the electric power source which used the electric power which utilized renewable energy together.
  • the power source 24 includes a first converter 200, a battery 310 storing electric power, and a second converter 300.
  • the converter 200 is a unidirectional switching type switching device having a function of converting the power generated from the renewable energy 210 into the power corresponding to the load, and the second converter 300 converts the power converted by the first converter 200. It may be made up of a bidirectional switching type switching device having a function of converting into power corresponding to the battery 310 and a function of converting the power stored in the battery 310 into power corresponding to a load.
  • either one or both of the first converter 200 and the second converter 300 is a switching device including at least one of a gallium nitride semiconductor device, a silicon carbide semiconductor device, and a gallium oxide semiconductor device. It may be.
  • the plant mechanism unit 12 further includes a solar panel capable of generating power and heat from solar light, and the heat generated by the solar panel is “growing house 14”, “living organism
  • the nutrient solution may be supplied to at least one of a nutrient solution tank storing the nutrient solution supplied thereto and a water tank storing the water supplied to the organism.
  • a growing shelf of a plant is disposed in the growing unit 16, and a nutrient solution supplying unit 28 that supplies nutrition to the root of the plant to be cultivated is disposed.
  • the light source unit 18 is an artificial light source, and an incandescent lamp, a discharge tube (a fluorescent lamp, a metal halide lamp, a high pressure sodium lamp or the like), an LED (Light Emission Diode), an organic EL (Electro Luminescence), etc. can be used.
  • the use of an LED light source or an organic EL light source is advantageous in that the power consumption is smaller and the heat generation of the light source can be suppressed as compared with the use of an incandescent lamp or a discharge tube.
  • the plant system 10 has a structure in which light other than the light source unit 18 (for example, sunlight from the outside of the plant system 10) can also be used as light to be irradiated to a living being .
  • the artificial light source is not limited to one type, and may be, for example, a combination of a discharge tube and an LED, or an LED and an organic EL.
  • the light source can be one or a combination of two or more light sources in order to obtain optimal light for the light irradiation target.
  • the light source unit 18 may further include an ultraviolet light source and a far infrared light source. We will make the best combination by taking advantage of the characteristics of various artificial light sources, and thereby respond to a wide variety of organisms.
  • the LED is joined by passing a forward current through a pn junction of a compound semiconductor such as InGaN (indium gallium nitride), GaP (gallium phosphorus), GaAsP (gallium arsenic phosphorus) or the like. It emits light by recombination of electrons and holes that occur in the vicinity.
  • a compound semiconductor such as InGaN (indium gallium nitride), GaP (gallium phosphorus), GaAsP (gallium arsenic phosphorus) or the like. It emits light by recombination of electrons and holes that occur in the vicinity.
  • the merits include low voltage drive, low heat generation, compactness, light weight, noiselessness, ease of dimming and pulse lighting, and the like. In addition, it is easy to adjust the color (wavelength) and intensity of light.
  • Organic EL also has similar advantages.
  • the wavelengths of light important for plant growth are in the red (640 to 680 nm) and blue (450 to 480 nm) regions, and red light LEDs and blue LEDs are used.
  • far-red and white LEDs with a wavelength of 720 to 740 nm may be used to use plant-compatible light alone or in combination with red and blue LEDs.
  • the far-red light can be controlled simultaneously with the red light to control the growth of the plant by making it higher or lower than the ratio of natural light.
  • White light includes light of a wide range of wavelengths including basic color light of RED, GREEN, and BLUE, and can not control each basic color light independently, but one light source can be used for all basic light It is possible to cope. For this reason, although the target plants are limited, the cost of the light source can be reduced.
  • the light source control unit 36 controls the operation of the light source unit 18 such that the light environment in the growing unit 16 becomes a light environment adapted to the growing conditions.
  • the optimal light irradiation conditions for plant species and the like are determined based on the growth conditions.
  • the relationship between light and an organism (particularly a plant) will be described for the determination of the light irradiation condition.
  • Life life phenomenon
  • circadian rhythm circumadian rhythm
  • the circadian rhythm is brought about by the 24-hour circadian clock in the living body (round clock), the center of which is the negative feedback loop of transcription (the transcription factor suppresses the self gene expression) It is thought that it consists of a vibration mechanism using.
  • CCA1 CIRCADIAN CLOCK-ASSOCIATED 1
  • LHY LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL
  • response regulator-like factor TOC1 TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1
  • typical input stimuli to the circadian clock, light that is, day length (day length) and temperature are each processed by the internal clock of plant tissue.
  • the function sharing is that the internal clock of the vascular bundle (sieve part) processes photoperiod information and controls flower bud formation (flowering), while the internal clock of the epidermis processes temperature information and controls cell elongation It has become clear. This indicates that the biological clock of the plant has a decentralized network structure in which the biological clock of each tissue performs semi-autonomous control.
  • Light has energy and is roughly divided into three functions of environmental information, biological energy sources and light damage. Circadian rhythms are synchronized with the 24-hour light-dark cycle because light is used as information, and in the case of plants, phytochrome (phytochrome) is the main photoreceptor (pigment) for obtaining environmental information It is.
  • Biological energy sources are used for photosynthesis. Chlorophyll is a component of the photosynthetic electron transfer system, and the electrons of excited chlorophyll are delivered to the next component of the photosynthetic electron transfer system, but when chlorophyll absorbs light energy exceeding the ability of the electron transfer system, the electrons go away Disappear and damage cellular components. This is light damage. Also, light absorbed by molecules called photosensitizers damages cellular components by generating oxygen radicals.
  • rhythm is the defense against light damage and limiting cell division to night, and it is considered desirable for many plants to adjust the plant factory environment according to the circadian rhythm.
  • the step of irradiating the plant with red light illumination and the step of irradiating the plant with blue light illumination are performed independently within a fixed period of time
  • SHIGYO registered trademark
  • plants can be grown by pulse light irradiated at a specific duty cycle at a specific short cycle. Efficient cultivation of a plant is possible by keeping the optimal light quantity which prevents the light damage when it pulsates, and using the light of a wavelength range effective for a plant.
  • Photosynthesis follows a complex reaction pathway to produce starch from light, carbon dioxide and water, and it takes time to pass this reaction pathway. For this reason, it is not necessary to apply the light of the next photosynthesis for the time passing through this reaction path, and it is possible to effectively perform the photosynthesis by applying the light with good timing.
  • the process of photosynthesis is divided into light reaction and dark reaction, and light reaction is photochemical reaction.
  • photochemical reaction in green plants, the 700 nm absorption form of chlorophyll a (system I) and the chlorophyll b, catinoid and 680 nm absorption form of chlorophyll a (system II) become photoreceptors, and both series are arranged in series. Photosynthesis is run.
  • red drop phenomenon disappears when the light longer than 690 nm and the light longer than 700 nm are simultaneously irradiated. It is shown that light longer in wavelength than 690 nm (far-red light) has no effect of promoting photosynthesis. Furthermore, it is known that simultaneous application of red light (wavelength: 650 nm) and blue light (wavelength: 450 nm), which are light on a shorter wavelength side than 690 nm, has an effect of promoting photosynthesis, and is called an Emerson enhancement effect. Therefore, although it may be red light (wavelength 650 nm) alone, which is light with a wavelength shorter than 690 nm, it is more desirable to include blue light which is light with a wavelength shorter than 690 nm.
  • Phytochrome has functions such as control of flower bud formation and sprouting, as well as promoting the de-yellowing phenomenon that leaves from sprout and leaves to start photosynthesis.
  • Phytochrome has the property of being activated by red light and inactivated by far-red light, and red / far-red light reversibility is observed.
  • red light and inactivated by far-red light there is a phenomenon in which plants feel light, and only blue light is effective, and its representative is phototropic.
  • the blue light receptor phototropin which is completely different from phytochrome, feels light.
  • a blue light receptor called cryptochrome is also known, and plants use these light receptors properly, sensitively sense the light environment in which they are placed, and use the information for their growth.
  • Far-red light inactivates phytochrome, but the countermeasure against plants is a reaction such as growing a stem or putting a flower quickly. This is called the plant's avulsion reaction. If the ratio R / FR of the red light R centered at the wavelength 660 nm to the far red light FR centered at the wavelength 730 nm is higher than the ratio 1.1 to 1.2 with natural light, the elongation rate of the plant is suppressed and low And promoted. The plant's avulsion reaction also contributes to the circadian rhythm, such as detecting the beginning of the night and resetting the internal clock. In addition, far-red light deactivates phytochrome to play a role of preventing light damage.
  • the growth conditions have been described by taking the growth conditions relating to light as an example, the optimum light irradiation conditions for each plant are determined based on such growth conditions.
  • the light sensor 20 measures the intensity of light irradiated to a plant grown in the growing portion 16.
  • the temperature and humidity environment detected by the temperature and humidity sensor 26 is adjusted by the temperature and humidity adjustment unit 27 performing temperature adjustment and humidity adjustment.
  • the monitoring device 30 is a monitoring camera and monitors the growth state of the plant being grown.
  • the optical sensor 20 is preferably capable of measuring not only the intensity of light but also the wavelength of light, and more preferably that the light intensity can be measured for each wavelength of light (or a predetermined wavelength range of light). It is more preferable.
  • the sunlight adjusting plate 22 reflects sunlight and irradiates the growing portion 16.
  • the sunlight adjustment plate 22 is provided with an attitude (angle) control mechanism and a movement control mechanism (both not shown), and changes the attitude (angle) or position following the movement of the sun, and the sun efficiently. I try to reflect light. Conversely, when the light intensity of sunlight is too strong, the posture (angle) or position is adjusted to divert the sunlight. When irradiation conditions are to be weakened by circadian rhythm when sunlight is being irradiated, the posture is such that sunlight is not irradiated to the plant growth house 14 by the angle control mechanism or movement control mechanism of the sunlight adjustment plate 22 Measures can be taken to prevent light from entering the breeding house 14 as well as (angle) or position. For example, “move the sunlight adjustment plate 22 itself”, “enclose the breeding house 14 with a cover that does not transmit light”, or the like.
  • the solar control plate 22 may be attached with an optical filter for cutting light having a wavelength harmful to plants. Furthermore, sunlight may be irradiated to the growing portion 16 using an optical fiber. Although sunlight is an electromagnetic wave having a wide wavelength range, it has been revealed that light effective for plants is mainly red and blue. That is, light having a wavelength of 600 to 660 nm and a wavelength of 400 to 500 nm is effective. Even in the case of light having a wavelength of 700 nm or more, far-red light centered on a wavelength of 730 nm is necessary light in relation to the shading reaction. Green to yellow light with a wavelength of 500 to 600 nm is the brightest and freshest light for human eyes, but it is a region where the photosynthesis and morphogenesis efficiency decrease.
  • Ultraviolet light is basically considered to be harmful to plants, and in particular, ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 280 nm or less has the effect of withering plants.
  • near-ultraviolet rays on the long wavelength side are known to have the effect of normalizing the morphology of plants even with ultraviolet rays, and can suppress the growth of stems and promote the formation of flower buds. Therefore, effective use of ultraviolet light may be effective for plant cultivation.
  • molds, molds, fungi, etc. may be generated or propagated inside the breeding house or the growing section, or the culture medium may rot, thereby inhibiting the growth of plants. .
  • the optical filter cuts light of another wavelength (500 to 600 nm) through light of wavelength 300 to 500 nm and wavelength 600 to 750 nm, but the optical filter can be removed when ultraviolet light is irradiated.
  • the light guide of sunlight may use an optical transmission line made of an optical fiber.
  • the light from the solar control plate 22 is irradiated from the incident end of the light transmission line to a plant in the growing portion 16 through the light transmission line.
  • the optical transmission line is a fiber bundle in which a plurality of optical fibers are combined, and is condensed by the solar light adjustment plate 22 to be incident light of high energy, and dispersed into each optical fiber obtained by branching the fiber bundle.
  • the light energy of the light source can be reduced and adjusted to a light quantity suitable for illumination.
  • the power source 24 may use power using renewable energy in addition to normal commercial power.
  • Renewable energy uses sunlight, wind power, water power, geothermal heat, solar heat, heat from the natural world, waste disposal energy, biomass, etc. as energy sources.
  • Waste energy can be used as an electric power source if it is an environment where waste treatment energy can be used, for example, near a waste treatment facility, in addition to solar cells, stationary electric power sources such as small wind power generation and small hydroelectric generation. .
  • a plant system may be installed in the waste disposal site.
  • Renewable energy generated by a solar power generation panel or the like may be used in combination with an AC power supply device that converts direct current power into alternating current power and interconnects to a commercial grid to perform reverse power flow.
  • Storage batteries include nickel cadmium batteries and nickel hydrogen batteries as alkaline secondary batteries. Recently, high density lithium ion batteries are rapidly spreading and can be used as storage batteries for plant plants.
  • the biological sensor 17 provided in the growing unit 16 detects a physical / chemical state (parameter information relating to either sound, electricity, or chemistry) into an electric signal to detect it. For example, environmental stimuli such as sound, light, temperature / humidity and carbon dioxide concentration are given to plants, and micropotentials generated due to the concentration difference of internal ions of plant cell membranes are detected by the electrodes.
  • the data indicating the growth degree of the plant can be acquired by the change of the minute electric potential.
  • Electrodes are provided at the root of the plant and the soil to constitute a biological sensor 17, and voltage is applied, and the current flowing at that time can detect the degree of root tension.
  • Plant tissue isolates the inside and the outside of the cell by the cell membrane and the cell wall in close contact therewith. Cell membranes are electrically insulating and have an electrical capacity. Therefore, the electrical impedance as an aggregate of these cells can be measured.
  • the state of the cell tissue can be grasped from the measurement data of the electrical impedance.
  • a biological sensor 17 as an electrode to be brought into contact with a plant, an alternating current is applied, voltage is measured to obtain the electrical impedance of the plant tissue, and the frequency characteristic of the electrical impedance is plotted with real part and imaginary part .
  • the appearance of the Cole-Cole plot also changes, for example, if the activity decreases, the volume decreases and the arc of the Cole-Cole plot flattens. As plant tissue dries, the arc flattens and the resistance increases, and it shifts to the higher of the real axis. In addition, with regard to the degree of ripeness, it becomes sour to sweet, and since the sugar content increases and the electric conductivity decreases, the arc of the Cole-Cole plot shifts to the smaller real axis. Thus, since the Cole-Cole plot is obtained using the biological sensor 17, the state of the plant can be grasped from this data.
  • the conduits and the blood vessels penetrate the whole plant as vascular tissue.
  • a plant is in a physiologically inactive state (environmental stress), for example, the water supply from the root is impeded, and negative pressure is generated in the stems and leaves to increase water stress.
  • micro air bubbles intrude into the stems and leaves and cause bubbles. That is, although it is a cavitation phenomenon, the state of a plant can be grasped by detecting the sound emitted at the time of this cavitation occurrence.
  • the biological sensor 17 is an elastic wave receiving element, and is brought into contact with a stem or a leaf to convert sound waves emitted at the time of occurrence of cavitation into electrical signals to acquire data.
  • the acquisition of chemical data at the biological sensor 17 is, for example, pH.
  • the pH of nutrient solution in soil and hydroponic culture greatly affects the growth of plants.
  • the pH of a common culture solution is about 6.0 to 6.2, but plants absorb nutrients such as nitrate nitrogen, nitrate and phosphorus and become alkaline. This is related to the difference in absorption of negative ions such as nitrate nitrogen and nitrate and positive ions such as lime, and the negative ions are absorbed and the negative ions are reduced, and the positive ions are dominant and alkalized. .
  • nutrients can be appropriately given.
  • the pH value from the pH sensor can acquire data as an electrical signal.
  • the nutrient solution supply unit 28 is an apparatus for supplying water and fertilizer to a plant being grown.
  • a water storage unit and a nutrient solution storage unit are provided.
  • the water storage part and the nutrient solution storage part are connected to the plant cultivation case of the growth part 16 by piping, and the on / off of the supply and the supply amount are controlled by a valve or the like.
  • the water may be any of tap water treated for removing impurities, well water, rain water, pure water and the like.
  • the water is sent to a nutrient solution storage unit, and the fertilizer is dissolved to be stored as a nutrient solution.
  • hydroponic culture In the case of hydroponic culture, the method is “hydroponic” in which roots grow in and on the surface of the culture solution without using a culture medium, and “solid culture medium cultivation” in which crops are planted in various culture mediums instead of soil. There is “spray cultivation” in which the culture solution is sprayed in the form of mist to the roots. Any of these cultivation methods may be used.
  • the water tank which breeds a fish becomes the nutrient solution supply part 28.
  • fish and microorganisms are the main components. Microorganisms perform the most important task of circulating nutrients, and Aquaponics can grow plants without using soil at all.
  • soil there are Hydroton (a medium used for hydroponic culture), pumice, lava, pebble and so on. Plants can also be grown by the nutrient-rich water coming from fish tanks.
  • Nitrate and other nutrients are absorbed by the plant and help the plant grow itself. This will keep the water in the aquarium clean, and the solid waste will also be filtered by the water sent to the plant growth area 16.
  • a machine may be provided to remove solid waste. The filtered water is returned to the aquarium to improve the quality of the water and to supply the oxygen water that the fish needs.
  • the biological sensor 17 can also measure the pH of the nutrient solution supply unit.
  • the pH shifts to the alkaline side due to the decrease of nitrate nitrogen, nitrate and phosphorus, but in this case, nitrate nitrogen, nitrate and phosphorus are newly replenished. This will always maintain the proper pH.
  • the monitoring device 30 is a monitoring camera that monitors the growth state of a plant.
  • the information from the surveillance camera should be used not only to observe the growing condition of plants but also to memorize the status of leaves, stems, flowers, fruits and roots after germination from the images of plants and to determine the growing conditions.
  • the growth degree can be determined from the number of leaves, the size of leaves, the angle and aspect ratio of leaves.
  • the length and thickness of the stem can be determined, and from the image of the root, the length and spread of the root can be determined.
  • From the images of flowers and fruits, the number, density and maturity can be determined.
  • the monitoring device 30 makes visual observation function effectively, image processing is performed by the combination of the information from the biological sensor 17 and the image by the monitoring device 30, and the growing condition and the abnormal condition are visualized by image diagnosis. You can also. Furthermore, various applications are possible.
  • the plant control unit 32 stores circadian rhythm data suitable for plant growth conditions, environmental stress condition data and nutrient solution management data, and stores data information from the light sensor 20, the temperature and humidity sensor 26, and the biological sensor 17.
  • the biological sensor control unit 35 that controls the light source control unit 35, the sunlight adjustment plate 22, and the power source control unit 37 that controls the power source are controlled by the central control unit 39 so as to operate in cooperation.
  • the plant control unit 32 further includes a multiple division drive control unit 38 for saving energy of the light source, and a light supplement control unit 40 for controlling the angle of the sunlight adjustment plate 22.
  • the temperature and humidity of the breeding house 14 are controlled by the temperature and humidity control unit 42 that transmits a temperature and humidity control signal to the temperature and humidity adjustment unit 27 based on the information from the temperature and humidity sensor 26 provided in the breeding house 14.
  • the nutrient solution supply unit 28 provided in the growth unit 16 is controlled by a nutrient solution supply control unit 44, and a nutrient solution optimal for plants is supplied.
  • the growth condition control unit 45 automatically changes and corrects the growth condition based on the prior information of the external environment such as temperature and humidity and sunshine.
  • the communication unit 46 transmits various information of the plant system 10 via the Internet and receives information from the outside.
  • the artificial light source used for the light source unit 18 is controlled by the light source control unit 36, a control unit corresponding to the artificial light source to be used is provided. It is an LED control unit for the LED, an organic EL control unit for the organic EL, and a discharge tube control unit for the discharge tube. When an ultraviolet light source is provided, an ultraviolet light source controller is provided. Since providing the control unit corresponding to various artificial light sources increases the cost, the system configuration is simplified and the cost is reduced by using only the control unit corresponding to the used artificial light source.
  • the light source control unit 36 can control the light intensity by arbitrarily setting the amount of current to 0 (off state) or from the minimum drive current to the maximum drive current.
  • the light source unit 18 is configured to include, for example, any one or more artificial light sources that emit three primary color lights that are fundamental to RED (red light), GREEN (green light), and BLUE (blue light). Blinking control is performed to control the off state where the amount is 0 and the on state where the amount of current is maximum.
  • RED red light
  • GREEN green light
  • BLUE blue light
  • Blinking control is performed to control the off state where the amount is 0 and the on state where the amount of current is maximum.
  • the light intensities of the respective color light emission can be independently controlled to emit a plurality of mixed colors.
  • various plants can be irradiated with various lights adapted to the plants.
  • the light source control unit 36 performs flickering control and light adjustment control, and various plants are irradiated with various ultraviolet rays adapted to the plants.
  • Use of ultraviolet light In the case of LED and organic EL, the generation of UV rays is very small, and insect pests that favor UV rays have an insecticidal effect, but for plants, the proper use of UV rays is effective for growth, and causes organisms to grow efficiently. It is.
  • the ultraviolet light may be emitted simultaneously with the light of RED, GREEN and BLUE.
  • the light source unit 18 is controlled by the light source control unit 36 also in the case where the light source unit 18 includes a far-red light source emitting far-red light or a white light source emitting white light.
  • the far-red light can be controlled simultaneously with the red light to control the growth of the plant by making it higher or lower than the ratio of natural light.
  • White light includes light of a wide range of wavelengths including basic color light of RED, GREEN, and BLUE, and can not control each basic color light independently, but one light source can be used for all basic light It is possible to cope. For this reason, although the target plant is limited, the cost of the light source unit 18 can be reduced.
  • the conditions of the circadian rhythm stored in the database 34 are the optimum conditions most suitable for the plant to be grown, and are the conditions in a cycle of about 24 hours.
  • FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram shown to explain the circadian rhythm. It represents the strength of the plant activity with respect to time and is dependent on the presence of the biological clock.
  • plants are under the control of the internal clock, such as stomatal opening and closing, stem and stem elongation, and photosynthetic activity. Plants are able to grow efficiently if they actively perform photosynthesis according to the time of the sun, so they are preparing for it before sunrise. In addition, some plants have their own low temperature stress tolerance in preparation for nighttime chilling.
  • the plant's internal clock not only relates to the flow of time of day, but also the recognition of the season, and some of the flowers that bloom in spring and autumn sense changes in sunshine time.
  • the plant itself In order to recognize temporal changes in light stimulation received from the outside, the plant itself must have a clock as a ruler, and the plant illuminates the circadian rhythm that the biological clock engraves and changes in the external environment. By matching, it is growing by sensing the change of the season.
  • the data stored in the database 34 can store environmental stress conditions in addition to the circadian rhythm conditions.
  • Environmental stress can accelerate or slow the growth of plants by reversing circadian rhythms. For example, taking the flowering time of a flower as an example, adjust the flowering day according to the delivery date to the customer, or shift the flowering of the flower at each plant cultivation plant in multiple plant cultivation plants, and the period of shipment Can be lengthened.
  • Plants can not move, and changes in the environment often directly affect the state in the plant, for example, in extremely cold season, the temperature of plant cells themselves is also exposed to the temperature of the environment. Under such conditions, plants make their own metabolic reactions suitable for the situation in order to minimize inhibition by stress and keep the chemical reactions necessary for survival progress. That is, plants maintain their lives by actively changing their physical condition according to the environment, and such changes are the essence of the plant's stress response. By utilizing this plant property, plant growth can be promoted or retarded.
  • Thermal stress includes high temperature stress and low temperature stress.
  • High temperature stress is considered to be a direct cause of growth inhibition due to loss of function due to protein denaturation or dissociation of a complex.
  • Low temperature stress includes Chilling (about 0 to 10 ° C.) and Freezing (freeze). In freezing, cells lose water when ice crystals form in and out of cells. Lose water even if it is dry. These stresses are all the same for plants as the osmotic balance is broken.
  • the light source control unit 36 controls the intensity of light to an organism in the growing portion 16 in comparison with the light intensity measured by the light sensor 20 based on the light irradiation condition by the circadian rhythm.
  • Light control in the light source control unit 36 is output as a control signal to the light supplement control unit 40 and a control signal to the light source unit 18.
  • the control signal from the light source control unit 36 controls the operation of a motor provided to change the angle of the sunlight adjustment plate 22.
  • the light source unit 18 controls the irradiation intensity of light according to the control signal from the light source control unit 36. For example, in the case of an LED light source, the light intensity is controlled by increasing or decreasing the current value flowing to the LED.
  • FIG. 3 is a figure shown in order to demonstrate the change of the light intensity of the sunlight in one day (24 hours).
  • the line shown by "sunlight (fine weather)" 54 is a line representing the change in light intensity on a sunny day.
  • a line indicated by “sunlight (wet weather)” 56 is a line representing a change in light intensity on a rainy day.
  • the light intensity during sunny daytime may be stronger than the light intensity of circadian data.
  • the light intensity must be equal to or less than the maximum value (Max) at which the plant can receive light, because of strong light stress.
  • the light source control unit 36 sends a control signal to the sunlight adjustment plate control unit 41, and the light supplement control unit 40 drives a motor that changes the angle of the sunlight adjustment plate 22 with respect to the sun to maximize light intensity. Make it equal to or less than the value (Max).
  • the light intensity is weak, and data such as sunlight (rainy weather) 56 can be obtained.
  • a control signal is sent from the light source control unit 36 to the light source unit 18, and the light source unit 18 is driven to emit light.
  • the light from the light source unit 18 supplements the light in the hatched region shown in FIG. 3, and it is highly accurate (for example, stepwise or continuous) in a wide range of light intensity from minute light to light of maximum intensity. And high accuracy) light control (eg, linear light control) is required.
  • an LED light source or an organic EL light source is suitable.
  • an LED light source using an LED or an organic EL light source is preferable from the viewpoint of consumption energy and easiness of dimming.
  • LED light sources and organic EL light sources are characterized by their high response speed. In frequency, responses up to several MHz are possible.
  • it is preferable to increase the photosynthetic rate per unit light quantity by performing intermittent irradiation which does not apply light at the time of dark reaction which does not require light and at the time of light reaction which requires light. For this reason, energy saving can be achieved, for example, by pulse-driving a plurality of LED light sources and performing intermittent irradiation, by further time-dividing and shifting the driving time of each LED light source.
  • this light source driving method is referred to as multiple division driving.
  • the multiplex division drive control unit 38 is a control unit that performs multiplex division drive of a plurality of light sources.
  • FIG. 4 is a figure shown in order to demonstrate multiple division driving of a plurality of LED light sources.
  • FIG. 4A shows the LED light source 60.
  • the LED light source 60 it is assumed that there are three LED arrays: an LED array A62 in which a large number of LED elements 68 are arranged, an LED array B64, and an LED array C66.
  • the LED array A 62 is an LED array composed of red LEDs
  • the LED array B 64 is an LED array composed of blue LEDs
  • the LED array C 66 is an LED array composed of far-red LEDs.
  • a plurality of LED arrays in which LED chips of three colors are mounted in one package may be arranged.
  • FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a drive waveform in the multiple division drive 70 of the LED light source.
  • the three LED arrays are multiply-divided, the horizontal axis represents time t, and the vertical axis represents drive current i.
  • the pulse drive cycle is a pulse drive cycle T.
  • the drive current i can control and dim each LED array independently. If three LED arrays are driven simultaneously, even if it is a pulse drive, drive current i must be supplied three times the current supplied to one LED array, and the current capacity must be increased.
  • the pulse waveform to be driven has, for example, a duty of about 10 to 30%. For this reason, during the pulse drive cycle T, there is a time during which the drive current i does not flow. The current capacity can be reduced by driving other LED arrays using this time.
  • the LED array B64 is driven, and then the LED array C66 is driven.
  • the drive current of the LED array can be equivalent to the drive current of one LED array, the current capacity can be small, and the energy can be greatly reduced.
  • pulse driving with an LED has the effect of promoting photosynthesis by about 20% to about 30%, and from the viewpoint of energy consumption, the driving current of the LED light source is reduced to increase the light intensity Energy consumption can be reduced by reducing energy consumption to 80%.
  • the temperature and humidity control unit 42 of the plant control unit 32 compares the temperature and humidity detected by the temperature and humidity sensor 26 with the temperature and humidity set by the circadian rhythm, and controls the temperature and humidity in the breeding house 14 Are sent to the temperature and humidity adjustment unit 27.
  • the temperature and humidity adjustment unit 27 adjusts the temperature and humidity in the breeding house 14 to an environment suitable for the circadian rhythm in accordance with the signal from the temperature and humidity control unit 42.
  • the nutrient solution supply control unit 44 controls the valve or flow control valve provided in the piping of the water storage unit and the nutrient solution storage unit based on the nutrient solution management data of the database 34, and Control the amount of water and fertilizer supplied to the plant.
  • control which supplies the water of the tank which breeds a fish to the plant grown by the growing part 16 is performed.
  • the communication unit 46 is a means for transmitting information to the outside, has a connection connector such as a LAN cable, and is connected to the Internet. Of course, wireless connection may be used instead of wired connection.
  • remote control of various information of the plant system 10 is also possible. That is, information can be collected by a personal computer or a mobile phone, the growth condition of the plant can be grasped by the image from the monitoring device 30, and if necessary, the irradiation of the light source unit 18 is turned ON / OFF, temperature and humidity Control signals can be sent to change the temperature and humidity in the breeding house 14. Prior information such as the external environment is sent to the communication unit 46 via the Internet, and the growth condition control unit 45 can also change and correct the growth conditions.
  • FIG. 5 is a view showing an outline of a prototype embodiment.
  • the outline of the apparatus used is mainly shown, and the plant control unit 32 is a personal computer (not shown).
  • a growing part is provided in the lower part of the breeding house 14 and cultivated plants 74 are cultivated.
  • light is emitted from the LED light source 78 installed at the top of the plant cultivation house 14.
  • Water and nutrient solution are supplied from the nutrient solution supply unit 28 through a pipe, and the flow rate is controlled by a valve 88.
  • a solenoid actuator 86-1 controls the opening and closing of the valve 88.
  • the solenoid actuator 86-1 used PS45S-0305-24 made by Shindengen Mechatronics.
  • the solar control plate 22 is a reflective plate using stainless steel.
  • the angles are controlled by the solenoid actuators 86-2 and 86-3 by an adjustment mechanism (not shown) of the angle with respect to sunlight.
  • the solenoid actuators 86-2 and 86-3 small-sized rotary solenoids OE (OE12 V 311 R) manufactured by Shindengen mechatronics were used.
  • the power source is a solar cell 76, and energy saving is achieved by renewable energy.
  • Various commercially available products can also be used for solar cells.
  • a full color LED was used as an LED light source as an artificial light source.
  • the full color LED contains red, blue and green three color LED elements, and the LED elements of each color can be controlled independently.
  • LED illumination lamps for plants generally available on the market can be used, and light receiving sensors or illuminance sensors use commercially available photo IC diodes.
  • sensors that measure the wavelength and frequency of light are also used, and light information in the growing area where information detected by these sensors is detected by the light sensor is included in the growth conditions of the database. Compare with intensity information.
  • the light environment in the growth portion is adapted to the growth condition
  • the operation of the light source unit is controlled to be an environment.
  • the LED lighting driver 90 for driving the LED It is preferable to use MCZ5205SE, MV1001SC, and MV2002SG manufactured by Shindengen Co., Ltd. as the LED lighting driver 90 for driving the LED.
  • the MV1001SC is a type that drives a 1-channel LED array
  • the MV2002SG is a type that drives a 2-channel LED array.
  • a desired light amount can be adjusted by the LED current control, and even a minute current can be controlled, and a minute light to a high intensity light can be controlled. For this reason, the required function of the present invention for performing light control from the weak light of the LED can be sufficiently achieved for the time when the light intensity gradually changes.
  • MCZ5205SE can achieve energy saving of the system by PFC chopper circuit and isolated current resonance circuit.
  • the MV1001SC and MV2002SG adopt a non-insulated chopper system, which can save energy of the system.
  • switching control of the isolated current resonance circuit is set to a symmetrical mode of current resonance (mode in which the current waveforms of the high side switch and the low side switch are symmetrical) to reduce the light amount (light load 2.)
  • the switching control of the isolated current resonant circuit is controlled to be an asymmetric mode of current resonance (a mode in which the current waveforms of the high side switch and the low side switch are asymmetric).
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram shown to explain an LED power supply circuit.
  • the LED power supply circuit shown in FIG. 6 uses the MV 1001SC (code 90-1) and MV2002 SG (code 90-2) manufactured by Shindengen Co., Ltd. described above as the LED lighting driver.
  • FIG. 6A shows one channel of the MV 1001SC and a drive circuit, which drives, for example, the LED array A62.
  • FIG. 6B shows a two-channel MV 2002 SG and a driving circuit, which drives, for example, the LED array B 64 and the LED array C 66.
  • the MV 2002 SG can independently control two channel LED arrays.
  • the MV1001SC and the MV2002SG By simultaneously using the MV1001SC and the MV2002SG, it becomes possible to drive a 3-channel LED array, and it is possible to perform multiplex division drive in which each of three basic color RGB light colors is driven in a multiplexing manner.
  • the respective multiplexed signals are input to the REF-GND pin for the MV1001SC and to the REF1-GND and REF2-GND pins for the MV2002 SG.
  • the multi-division drive for each of the three colors not only controls each single color on / off, but also inserts a capacitor between REF-GND of MV1001SC, REF1-GND of MV2002SG, or REF2-GND.
  • a capacitor between REF-GND of MV1001SC, REF1-GND of MV2002SG, or REF2-GND.
  • FIG. 7 is a figure shown in order to demonstrate 3 color light emission LED94.
  • the three-color light emitting LED 94 is composed of an LED array in which three color LED chips are mounted in one package in order to prevent deviation, and a plurality of them are used side by side.
  • FIG. 7A is a view showing the appearance of the three-color light emitting LED 94.
  • the three-color light emitting LED 94 is mounted with an RGB three-color LED and Zener diodes 96-1, 96-2, 96-3.
  • FIG. 7B is a circuit diagram of the three-color light emitting LED 94.
  • the LEDs of three RGB colors can be independently driven, and the LEDs of three RGB colors can be independently driven by, for example, the MV 2001 SC and MV 2002 SG by arranging a plurality of three-color light emitting LEDs 94.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an output characteristic 100 of the LED lighting driver IC. 8 shows the relationship between the output current I O and the REF terminal voltage V REF. By the input voltage to the REF terminal voltage V REF , any current from a slight current to a maximum current can be output as an output current I O , and a subtle change in light is possible.
  • SOLGRID PLUS As a storage battery for storing the output power from the solar cell 76, a smart energy management system (SOLGRID PLUS: registered trademark) manufactured by Shindengen Electric Co., Ltd. was used.
  • the "SOLGRID PLUS” is a hybrid power conditioner that uses a lithium ion battery for storage.
  • the hybrid power conditioner can be directly stored in the storage battery by integrating the power conditioners of sunlight and the storage battery, this is a case where the power supply from a non-power area or outside stops due to a disaster or the like. Even in this case, the plant system can be operated independently.
  • the voltage of the power generated by solar light is boosted by a boost chopper to perform power conversion, and solar power generation energy is stored in the storage battery.
  • the boost chopper controls the voltage by changing the power conversion frequency or duty.
  • the power stored in the storage battery is converted by the converter into power corresponding to the load and supplied.
  • At least one of the step-up chopper, the switch element for switching conversion of the converter, and the rectifying element is an element of gallium nitride (GaN), silicon carbide (SiC) or gallium oxide (Ga 2 O 3 )
  • GaN gallium nitride
  • SiC silicon carbide
  • Ga 2 O 3 gallium oxide
  • FIG. 9 is a figure shown in order to demonstrate the 1st converter 200.
  • FIG. 9 shows a circuit example (an example of a 3-string configuration) of a non-insulated step-up DC-DC converter that uses the step-up chopper circuit to step up an output from renewable energy.
  • the renewable energy 210 is, for example, renewable energy from a solar cell, and the first converter 200 boosts the output of the solar panel (PV panel) and converts it to a necessary voltage.
  • the output from the solar panel is connected to DC 1-1 of the circuit diagram shown in FIG.
  • the input capacitor C1-1 is connected in parallel to the switching element Q1 via the inductor CH-1.
  • the output from the inductor CH-1 is output to the output terminal DC1-2 via the diode D1.
  • a smoothing capacitor C1-2 is connected in parallel to the output terminal DC1-2.
  • the switching control is performed by turning on / off the switching element Q1 by applying a high frequency pulse voltage to the gate.
  • the output voltage can be controlled by changing the frequency or duty of the pulse voltage input to the gate.
  • the output terminals DC1-2 serve as power supplies of devices used in the plant system.
  • the switching elements Q1 to Q3 and the diodes D1 to D3 constituting a part of the step-up chopper constitute a semiconductor module 220.
  • the semiconductor module 220 mounts a plurality of circuits, and here, an example in which three chopper circuits are mounted is shown.
  • the switching elements Q1 to Q3 are realized by transistors, and when the transistors are turned on, the energy stored in the inductors CH-1 to CH-3 is carried on the input voltage and released through the diodes D1 to D3 to obtain an input voltage. Higher voltages can be obtained. The higher the on / off repetition frequency of the transistor, the smaller the value of the inductor and the smoothing capacitor, and the less the ripple.
  • a semiconductor element made of gallium nitride (GaN), a semiconductor element made of silicon carbide (SiC) or a semiconductor element made of gallium oxide (Ga 2 O 3 ) enables high-speed switching, and in FIG.
  • a high electron mobility transistor GaN HEMT (HEMT: High Electron Mobility Transistor) made of gallium nitride is used.
  • the GaN • HEMT is a high power switching element with a high energy saving effect because it achieves high electron mobility with a large breakdown voltage and low loss.
  • SiC ⁇ SBD Schottky Barrier Diode
  • SiC ⁇ SBD Schottky Barrier Diode
  • FIG. 10 is a figure shown in order to demonstrate the 2nd converter 300.
  • the second converter 300 is a bidirectional DC-DC converter, which has a function of stepping down the output voltage of the first converter 200 and outputting it to the storage battery 310 and a function of boosting the voltage of the storage battery 310 and outputting it to the load.
  • Have. Series-connected GaN HEMTs are connected in parallel to the second semiconductor module 320, and switching of Q2 and Q4 and switching of Q1 and Q3 are performed synchronously, and switching of Q2 and Q4 and Q1 are performed.
  • the switching of Q3 is in reverse phase.
  • the output terminal of the storage battery 310 is connected to the terminal DC1 of the second converter 300, and the output terminal DC2 of the second converter 300 is the power supply terminal of the device.
  • the output terminals DC 1-2 (+), DC 2-2 (+) and DC 3-2 (+) of the first converter 200 are connected to the output terminal DC 2 (+) of the second converter 300. Also, the output terminals DC1-2 (-), DC2-2 (-) and DC3-2 (-) of the first converter 200 are connected to the output terminal DC2 (-) of the second converter 300.
  • the plant system 10 can use both the power from the solar panel and the power from the storage battery 310, and can further charge the storage battery 310 with the power from the solar panel.
  • the plant mechanism unit 12 includes the light source unit 18, the light sensor 20 that detects the light intensity in the growing unit 16, and the biological sensor that detects the physical and chemical state of the living thing.
  • the plant control unit 32 includes a database 34 storing growth conditions suitable for a living being, and a light source control unit 36 that controls the operation of the light source unit 18.
  • the light source control unit 36 includes a growth unit 16.
  • the plant system 10 “as an optical sensor 20, an optical sensor for detecting light intensity at a predetermined position in the growing portion 16 and a light for detecting light intensity incident at a predetermined angle at a predetermined position in the growing portion 16
  • an optical sensor capable of detecting not only the intensity of light but also the wavelength of light as the optical sensor 20
  • the state of the living organism being grown Cultivate organisms under a more appropriate light environment (mainly a more appropriate light environment in terms of how light is being irradiated) according to (the state of the living thing at that time) It is possible to grow organisms of higher quality than ever before with lower energy consumption than before.
  • the plant system 10 of the present invention according to the embodiment “as a light source unit 18, a light source unit that forms a light environment (light intensity) at a predetermined position in the growing unit 16 or a light environment at predetermined angles in the growing unit
  • a light source unit for forming the light intensity or in the case of using a light source unit capable of adjusting not only the light intensity but also the wavelength of light as the light source unit 18,
  • a more appropriate light environment mainly, what light intensity is being irradiated, what wavelength of light is irradiated, depending on the state of the living organism (the state of the living organism at that time) It is possible to grow organisms under a much more appropriate light environment), and to grow organisms of higher quality than ever with lower energy consumption than before. .
  • the biological sensor Since the physical / chemical state of the organism contains information represented by any of sound, electricity and chemistry parameters, the biological sensor is used to objectively detect the physical / chemical state of the organism. be able to.
  • the light source includes an LED or an organic EL
  • the light source control unit 36 steps the current flowing to the LED or the organic EL stepwise or continuously within the range of the minimum drive current to the maximum drive current.
  • the light intensity of the LED or the organic EL is controlled by controlling the light intensity of the LED or the organic EL, it is possible to control the intensity of the light emitted from the light source with high accuracy. It is possible to grow organisms under an even more appropriate light environment according to the condition of b), and to grow much higher quality organisms with lower energy consumption.
  • the LED or the organic EL has a configuration in which a plurality of at least two light emitting elements of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element or the blue light emitting element are used in one package;
  • the control unit 36 independently drives and controls each of the light emitting elements of at least two of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element, the light emitted from the light source It is possible to control the color and intensity of the light with higher precision, which makes it possible to grow the organism under a more appropriate light environment according to the condition of the growing organism, and thus to achieve even higher quality. It is possible to cultivate living organisms with lower energy consumption.
  • the control by the light source control unit 36 is a collective drive control that simultaneously drives the respective light emitting elements simultaneously
  • the drive device is simplified and the cost is low as a whole.
  • a plant system can be realized.
  • the plant system 10 according to the embodiment is "a control by the light source control unit 36 is a division drive control to drive each light emitting element in a predetermined group”
  • appropriate timing is set for each light emitting element. Enables to grow organisms under more appropriate light environment according to the state of growing organisms, and it is possible to consume higher quality organisms with lower energy consumption. It can be fostered. Further, by shifting the light emission timing for each group, the load on the power source can be reduced, and a compact plant system can be realized as a whole with energy saving.
  • the control by the light source control unit 36 is pulse division drive control for pulse-driving each light emitting element for each predetermined group, and the pulse division drive control is for each light emitting element between different groups.
  • the plant system 10 includes “flashing control to drive each light emitting element to emit mixed color as control by the light source control unit 36 and light control to drive each light emitting element to emit mixed color”.
  • blinking control since both blinking control and light control can be controlled, it is possible to grow an organism under a more appropriate light environment according to the state of the living organism. It becomes possible to grow higher quality organisms with lower energy consumption.
  • the plant system 10 includes at least one of an ultraviolet light source emitting ultraviolet light, an far red light source emitting far red light, and a white light source emitting white light as the light source” Therefore, it becomes possible to grow organisms under a more appropriate light environment according to the condition of living organisms, and it is possible to grow higher quality organisms with lower energy consumption.
  • the plant system 10 further includes “the plant mechanism unit 12 further includes the temperature and humidity sensor 26 and the temperature and humidity adjustment unit 27, and the plant control unit 32 further includes the temperature and humidity control unit 42.
  • the humidity control unit 27 is to be controlled, "it becomes possible to grow the organism under an appropriate temperature and humidity environment according to the state of the organism being grown, and the higher quality organism is further enhanced. It can be nurtured with low energy consumption.
  • the plant system 10 further includes a sunlight adjusting plate 22, and the plant control unit 32 adjusts the sunlight so as to follow the movement of the sun or shield the sunlight.
  • the solar light adjustment plate control unit 41 further performs posture control to change the posture of the plate 22 or movement control to move the solar light adjustment plate 22, and the light intensity detected by the light sensor 20 by the solar light adjustment plate control unit 41 By performing posture control or movement control of the sunlight adjustment plate 22 so that the light environment in the growth part 16 becomes a light environment suitable for the growth condition by comparing the light intensity included in the growth condition with the light condition included in the growth condition.
  • the plant system 10 further includes: “The plant control unit 32 further includes a light supplement control unit 40 that limits light supplementation by sunlight, and the light source control unit 36 detects the light intensity detected by the light sensor 20 and The light intensity is compared with the light intensity included in the conditions, and when the light intensity detected by the light sensor 20 is lower than the light intensity included in the growth condition, the light source is driven to compensate the shortage, However, comparing the light intensity detected by the light sensor 20 with the light intensity included in the growth conditions, if the light intensity detected by the light sensor 20 is higher than the light intensity included in the growth conditions, the sunlight adjustment plate In the case where the attitude control or movement control of 22 is performed to limit the light supplementation by sunlight, the light source is compensated by a light source when the light intensity of sunlight is low, and the light intensity of sunlight is high Supplementary light by solar light (supply of sunlight) Makes it possible to grow an organism under an appropriate light environment according to the condition of the living organism while using sunlight, and to cultivate high quality organisms with lower energy consumption. It is possible
  • the sunlight adjusting plate 22 is provided with an optical filter for cutting light of a wavelength harmful to a living thing or an optical fiber for guiding the sunlight to the growing portion 16
  • an optical filter for cutting light of a wavelength harmful to a living thing or an optical fiber for guiding the sunlight to the growing portion 16 it is possible to grow an organism under an appropriate light environment according to the condition of the growing organism while using sunlight, and the energy consumption of high quality organisms is further reduced. It is possible to foster
  • the plant system 10 further includes “a nutrient solution supply unit 28 having a nutrient solution tank in which a plant mechanism unit 12 stores a nutrient solution to be supplied to an organism, and the plant control unit 32 applies the nutrient solution to the organism.
  • the system further comprises a nutrient solution supply control unit 44 for supplying the physical and chemical states of the organism detected by the biological sensor 17 and the physical and chemical conditions of the organisms included in the growth conditions. And control the operation of the nutrient solution supply unit such that at least one of the composition, supply amount and temperature of the nutrient solution is at least one of the composition, supply amount and temperature of the nutrient solution suitable for the growth conditions.
  • a nutrient solution supply unit 28 having a nutrient solution tank in which a plant mechanism unit 12 stores a nutrient solution to be supplied to an organism, and the plant control unit 32 applies the nutrient solution to the organism.
  • the system further comprises a nutrient solution supply control unit 44 for supplying the physical and chemical states of the organism detected by the biological sensor
  • the plant system 10 further includes: “the nutrient solution supply unit 28 further includes a water tank for culturing fish, and the nutrient solution supply unit 28 supplies the nutrient solution containing fish excrement to the growth unit 16
  • the nutrient solution supply unit 28 supplies the nutrient solution containing fish excrement to the growth unit 16
  • the plant system 10 stores the light intensity stress data, the temperature stress data, or the “data base 34 stores growth conditions according to the circadian rhythm of the plant as growth conditions, and controls the growth rate of the organism.
  • environmental stress data including drought stress data
  • the plant system 10 further includes “a plant monitoring unit 30 of the plant mechanism unit 12 further growing a living thing in the growing unit 16, and the plant control unit 32 includes a communication unit 46 and a personal computer or a mobile phone via the Internet.
  • a growth condition control unit 45 having a function of changing or correcting the growth conditions from the terminal and a function of changing or correcting the growth conditions based on monitoring information by the monitoring device 30 or weather information provided from the outside In the case of “having”, it is possible to grow higher quality organisms with lower energy consumption.
  • the plant control unit 32 further includes a power source control unit 37 that controls the operation of the power source 24, and the central control unit 39 adds power to the database 34 and the light source control unit 36.
  • the environment light intensity, temperature and humidity, etc.
  • the external environment season, time, weather, air temperature, humidity
  • the operation of the power source can be appropriately controlled according to the chemical state and the like, high quality organisms can be grown with lower energy consumption.
  • the power source 24 is a power source using power using renewable energy, and the renewable energy is present in sunlight, wind power, water power, geothermal heat, solar heat, and the natural world.
  • the plant mechanism unit 12 is provided with a power source using a power using renewable energy as the power source 24, Energy costs can be further reduced.
  • the plant control unit 32 further includes a power source control unit 37 that controls the operation of the power source 24, the renewable energy is generally an energy source that is easily influenced by the natural environment. Even if it is, it becomes possible to operate a plant system stably.
  • the plant system 10 includes “the power source 24 includes the first converter 200, the battery 310 storing the power, and the second converter 300, and the first converter 200 is generated from the renewable energy 210.
  • the second converter 300 converts the power converted by the first converter 200 into power corresponding to the battery 310, and includes a unidirectional switching type switching device having a function of converting power to power corresponding to a load; It consists of a bi-directional switching type switching device having a function of converting the power stored in the battery 310 into a power corresponding to the load. Stable operation regardless of the available energy production situation The door system.
  • one or both of the first converter 200 and the second converter 300 may be at least one of a gallium nitride semiconductor device, a silicon carbide semiconductor device, and a gallium oxide semiconductor device. If the power source 24 includes one or both of the first converter 200 and the second converter 300, the on / off speed of switching is a high slew rate, and By comprising a switching device including a semiconductor element operable at a high frequency, the power source becomes highly efficient, and energy consumption can be further reduced.
  • the plant system 10 has the function of controlling the voltage by changing at least the switching frequency or the duty, at least the first converter 200 and the second converter 300”
  • the power source can supply necessary power to the system according to the information of the optical sensor and the biological sensor, Energy consumption can be made extremely small compared to technology.
  • the plant system 10 further includes a “solar panel capable of generating power and heat from solar light
  • the plant mechanism unit 12 further includes a solar panel
  • the heat stored in the solar panel is In the case of supplying at least one of a nutrient solution tank storing nutrient solution supplied to an organism and a water tank storing water supplied to an organism, heat generated by the solar panel is used as solar heat. As it becomes possible to supply and circulate at least one of the breeding house, the hydroponic tank and the water tank, energy consumption can be further reduced.
  • SYMBOLS 10 plant system 12 plant mechanism part, 14 breeding house, 16 growing part, 17 biological sensor, 18 light source part, 20 light sensor, 22 solar control board, 24 electric power source, 26 temperature humidity sensor, 27 temperature humidity control part, 28 nutrient solution supply unit, 30 monitoring device, 32 plant control unit, 34 database, 35 biological sensor control unit, 36 light source control unit, 37 power source control unit, 38 multiple division drive control unit, 39 central control unit, 40 supplemental light Control unit, 42 Temperature / humidity control unit, 44 Nutrient solution supply control unit, 45 Growth condition control unit, 46 Communication unit, 50 Circadian rhythm, 52 Light intensity, 54 Sunlight (fine weather), 56 Sunlight (rainy day), 60 LED light source, 62 LED array A, 64 LED array B, 66 LED array C, 68 LED elements, 70 LE Multiple division drive of light source, 74 cultivation plants, 76 solar cells, 78 LED light sources, 80 storage batteries, 82 converters, 84 GaN modules, 86-1, 86-2, 86-3 solenoid actuators, 88

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un système pour plantes qui est pourvu d'une unité de mécanisme pour plantes et d'une unité de commande pour plantes. L'unité de mécanisme de plantes est pourvue d'une serre de croissance 14, d'une unité de source lumineuse 18, d'un capteur optique 20, d'un capteur biologique 17 et d'une source d'alimentation 24. L'unité de commande pour plantes est pourvue d'une base de données 34 stockant des conditions de croissance appropriées pour un organisme, d'une unité de commande de source lumineuse 36 et d'une unité de commande centralisée 39. L'unité de commande de source lumineuse compare l'intensité lumineuse dans une unité de croissance détectée par le capteur optique à une intensité lumineuse comprise dans les conditions de croissance, compare les états physique et chimique de l'organisme détecté par le capteur biologique aux états physiques et chimiques de l'organisme inclus dans les conditions de croissance et commande le fonctionnement de l'unité de source lumineuse de telle sorte que l'environnement optique dans l'unité de croissance respecte les conditions de croissance. Par conséquent, il est possible de cultiver un organisme dans un environnement optique approprié répondant à l'état de l'organisme cultivé (état de l'organisme à ce moment), et de cultiver un organisme de qualité supérieure en utilisant moins d'énergie par rapport aux systèmes classiques.
PCT/JP2017/040668 2017-11-12 2017-11-12 Système pour plantes WO2019092869A1 (fr)

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CN113940206A (zh) * 2021-09-24 2022-01-18 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 一种用于农业照明的扫描设备及方法
CN114190186A (zh) * 2021-08-11 2022-03-18 南开大学 一种使用物联网的智能水培系统及紫外光传感器
CN114885820A (zh) * 2022-01-27 2022-08-12 浙江震亚物联网科技有限公司 绿能供电的植物培育装置与智能型植物培育塔
EP4104671A1 (fr) * 2021-06-17 2022-12-21 Crocus Labs GmbH Procédé d'agriculture en environnement contrôlé et système pour la culture de plantes
TWI832149B (zh) * 2022-01-27 2024-02-11 京冠科技有限公司 自動化植栽系統及其方法
WO2024035565A1 (fr) * 2022-08-08 2024-02-15 Vis, Llc Commande de lumière de détection de température

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EP4104671A1 (fr) * 2021-06-17 2022-12-21 Crocus Labs GmbH Procédé d'agriculture en environnement contrôlé et système pour la culture de plantes
CN114190186A (zh) * 2021-08-11 2022-03-18 南开大学 一种使用物联网的智能水培系统及紫外光传感器
CN113940206A (zh) * 2021-09-24 2022-01-18 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 一种用于农业照明的扫描设备及方法
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TWI832149B (zh) * 2022-01-27 2024-02-11 京冠科技有限公司 自動化植栽系統及其方法
WO2024035565A1 (fr) * 2022-08-08 2024-02-15 Vis, Llc Commande de lumière de détection de température

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