WO2019085873A1 - 一种3dp打印方法、系统及3dp综合打印方法 - Google Patents

一种3dp打印方法、系统及3dp综合打印方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019085873A1
WO2019085873A1 PCT/CN2018/112565 CN2018112565W WO2019085873A1 WO 2019085873 A1 WO2019085873 A1 WO 2019085873A1 CN 2018112565 W CN2018112565 W CN 2018112565W WO 2019085873 A1 WO2019085873 A1 WO 2019085873A1
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Prior art keywords
printing
layer
area
print head
width
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PCT/CN2018/112565
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭凡
杨保
周子翔
杜银学
王军伟
刘轶
Original Assignee
共享智能装备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201711035710.8A external-priority patent/CN107839219B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201711032220.2A external-priority patent/CN107639824B/zh
Application filed by 共享智能装备有限公司 filed Critical 共享智能装备有限公司
Priority to KR1020207012092A priority Critical patent/KR102323981B1/ko
Priority to JP2020511767A priority patent/JP6900628B2/ja
Priority to RU2020114621A priority patent/RU2747175C1/ru
Priority to US16/758,054 priority patent/US20210187837A1/en
Priority to EP18874478.3A priority patent/EP3656540B1/en
Publication of WO2019085873A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019085873A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/112—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using individual droplets, e.g. from jetting heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/165—Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of 3D printing technologies, and in particular, to a 3DP printing method and system, and a 3DP integrated printing method combining a dislocation printing and a layer image segmentation method.
  • the inkjet powder type 3DP printing technology is that the nozzle is operated under the control of a computer according to the two-dimensional data of the model cross section, and the adhesive is selectively sprayed at the corresponding position to form a layer. After each layer is bonded, the forming cylinder is lowered by a distance equal to the thickness of the layer, the powder cylinder is raised by a height, the excess powder is pushed out, and pushed by the spreading roller to the forming cylinder, which is flattened and compacted. This cycle until the bonding of the entire object is completed.
  • the invention is directed to the problem of printing blank and fault caused by the clogging of the individual nozzles of the print head in the 3DP printing mode in the prior art, and provides a 3DP offset printing method and system, so that each nozzle of the print head is printed layer by layer.
  • the positions are staggered to each other to offset the position of the same clogging nozzle in two adjacent layers to avoid print breaks, and a 3DP integrated printing method is provided to overcome the clogging of the individual nozzles of the print head in the 3DP printing in the prior art.
  • the print module is broken and the print head does not realize rapid movement in the blank space of the printing process, which affects the printing efficiency.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by a 3DP offset printing method in which a plurality of nozzle holes on both sides of the width direction are closed and opened in a layer-by-layer layering printing manner, so that adjacent layers corresponding to the same nozzle hole are printed.
  • the injection positions of the zones are staggered from each other.
  • the printing heads are closed and opened by a plurality of nozzle holes on both sides in the width direction, so that the same nozzle holes are offset from each other at corresponding ejection positions of the adjacent printing layers, and when the individual nozzle holes of the printing head are clogged,
  • the blocked nozzle holes are also staggered at the corresponding positions of the adjacent layers, and the leakage of the adhesive layer caused by the clogging of the individual nozzle holes of the single layer does not cause the problem of the knot of the printing module, and a few scattered nozzle holes are blocked.
  • the printing module Since the corresponding positions in the printing of each layer have been staggered from each other, the printing module is not broken, thereby avoiding the problem that the printing head cannot continue printing due to the clogging of the individual nozzles, improving the 3DP printing efficiency and reducing the maintenance of the print head. cost.
  • the nozzle holes arranged in the width direction of the printing head are provided with a front closing area, a rear closing area and an opening area for jet printing in the middle, and a rear closing area during the layer-by-layer printing process.
  • the orifices are opened layer by layer, and the orifices of the front closure zone are closed layer by layer, so that the orifices at the front end and the rear end of the opening zone are closed and opened layer by layer, and the width of the opening zone in each layer of printing is kept unchanged.
  • the front end and the rear end of the opening area of the print head are alternately closed and opened layer by layer, and the width of the open area is kept constant, thereby realizing the layer-by-layer printing, the same nozzle hole of the print head is adjacent
  • the corresponding injection positions in the layers are always staggered.
  • the 3DP misalignment printing method of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
  • the width of the front closed area of the print head in the width direction is zero, and the width of the rear closed area is the largest.
  • the open area of the print head corresponds to the upper print area of the printing platform, and a layer of powder is laid on the printing platform by the powder spreading device.
  • each of the nozzles in the open area of the print head is activated to selectively print on the printing area according to the slicing program, and after the printing of the current layer is completed, the table is lowered by a spreading height;
  • the nozzle hole in the rear closing area of the print head is opened near the opening area, and the front end of the opening area is closed to form the front closing area and the width of the opening area is unchanged.
  • the opening area is translated to the upper side of the printing area of the printing platform, and after the layer is powdered on the printing area, each of the nozzles of the opening area of the printing head is activated to selectively print on the printing area according to the layer printing program of the layer.
  • the workbench is lowered by a spreading height;
  • the third step is to open a part of the spray hole in the rear closed area of the print head close to the open area, and close the spray hole of the same width of the print head near the front closed area, and then translate the print head so that the open area is directly above the print area.
  • each of the nozzles in the open area of the print head is selectively sprayed and printed on the printing area according to the slice printing program of the layer.
  • the table is lowered by one layer. height;
  • the third step is repeated repeatedly until the nozzle holes in the rear closed area of the straight print head are all opened, and the width of the front closing area is the same as the width of the rear closing area in the first step, and the opening area of the translation print head is directly opposite.
  • the work is lowered by a spreading height; thus, a misalignment cycle of all the nozzles of the printing head is completed;
  • the print head is adjusted to the state of the first step to perform printing of the next misalignment cycle until the 3DP printing of the product is completed.
  • the 3DP misalignment printing method of the present invention may further include the following steps:
  • the width of the front closed area of the print head in the width direction is zero, and the width of the rear closed area is the largest.
  • the open area of the print head corresponds to the upper print area of the printing platform, and a layer of powder is laid on the printing platform by the powder spreading device.
  • each of the nozzles in the open area of the print head is activated to selectively print on the printing area according to the slicing program, and after the printing of the current layer is completed, the table is lowered by a spreading height;
  • the nozzle hole in the rear closing area of the print head is opened near the opening area, and the front end of the opening area is closed to form the front closing area and the width of the opening area is unchanged.
  • the opening area is translated to the upper side of the printing area of the printing platform, and after the layer is powdered on the printing area, each of the nozzles of the opening area of the printing head is activated to selectively print on the printing area according to the layer printing program of the layer.
  • the workbench is lowered by a spreading height;
  • the third step is to open a part of the spray hole in the rear closed area of the print head close to the open area, and close the spray hole of the same width of the print head near the front closed area, and then translate the print head so that the open area is directly above the print area.
  • each of the nozzles in the open area of the print head is selectively sprayed and printed on the printing area according to the slice printing program of the layer.
  • the table is lowered by one layer. height;
  • the third step is repeated repeatedly until the nozzle holes in the rear closed area of the straight print head are all opened, and the width of the front closing area is the same as the width of the rear closing area in the first step, and the opening area of the translation print head is directly opposite.
  • the work is lowered by a spreading height; thus, a positive misalignment cycle of all the nozzles of the printing head is completed;
  • the width of the rear end of the print head in the width direction is zero, and the width of the front closed area is the largest, and the opening of the front end of the print head close to the open area is opened.
  • the rear end of the opening area is closed to form the rear closing area of the same width direction to ensure the width of the opening area is unchanged, and the opening area of the printing head is translated to be above the printing area of the printing platform, and is tiled on the printing area.
  • the partial opening of the front end of the print head close to the open area is opened again, and the same width of the print head is closed near the rear closed area, and then the print head is translated so that the open area faces the print area.
  • each of the nozzles in the open area of the print head is selectively sprayed and printed on the printing area according to the slice printing program of the layer.
  • the table is lowered by one layer. height;
  • the sixth step is repeated repeatedly until the nozzle holes in the front closed area of the straight print head are all opened, the width of the rear closed area is zero, and the open area of the translation print head is facing the printing area to complete the powder printing of the current layer. After that, the work is lowered by a spreading height; thus, a reverse misalignment cycle of all the nozzles of the print head is completed;
  • the first step to the seventh step are repeated to print the next misalignment cycle until the 3DP printing of the product is completed.
  • 3DP offset printing method of the present invention printing of a 3DP printing product is completed, and part of the nozzle holes of the printing head are cyclically opened and closed in the layer-by-layer printing of the entire product, so that the ejection positions of the respective layers corresponding to the respective layers are staggered from each other. It effectively fills the blank area where the adhesive cannot be sprayed, improves the service life of the print head, reduces the cost, and improves the printing efficiency.
  • width of the front closing area and the rear closing area of the print head is 5-40% of the total width of the print head.
  • widths of the front closed region and the rear closed region of the printhead are 7-10% of the total width of the printhead.
  • widths of the front closed area and the rear closed area of the print head are opened layer by layer, and the widths of the two closed areas are gradually reduced or incremented layer by layer from zero to the maximum width.
  • the print head is provided with a plurality of spray holes on both sides in the width direction for cyclic closing and opening, for layer-by-layer paving printing, so that the printing area on the adjacent layer corresponding to the same nozzle hole is sprayed
  • the positions are staggered from each other.
  • the nozzle holes arranged in the width direction of the printing head are provided with a front closing area, a rear closing area and an opening area for jet printing in the middle, for spraying in the rear closing area during the layer-by-layer printing process.
  • the holes are opened layer by layer, and the nozzle holes in the front closing area are closed layer by layer, so that the front end and the back end of the opening area are turned off and opened layer by layer, and the width of the opening area in each layer printing is kept unchanged.
  • width of the front closing area and the rear closing area of the print head is 5-40% of the total width of the print head.
  • widths of the front closing area and the rear closing area of the print head are 7-10% of the total width of the print head.
  • widths of the front closed area and the rear closed area of the print head are opened layer by layer, and the widths of the two closed areas are gradually reduced or incremented layer by layer from zero to the maximum width.
  • a 3DP integrated printing method comprising:
  • the first step is to read the 3D print model data information file, load the print information, analyze the hierarchical information of the 3D model, and obtain the total number of layers N;
  • the printing layer determines that the current printing layer is loaded, and determines whether the current layer printing layer number i is smaller than the total number of layers N. If i>N is false, the printing process is exited, and the printing ends; if i ⁇ N is True, then Go to the third step to execute the current printing process;
  • the third step is to load the print head misalignment printing parameters to determine the print width of the current layer print head and the number and location of the opening and closing nozzle holes;
  • the current layer print frame is segmented according to the print width of the print head, and is divided into M closed frames in total, and then the print direction and the travel track information of the print head are determined according to the distribution information of each frame;
  • the current frame is judged, the current print frame j of the current layer is loaded, and it is determined whether the current frame j is smaller than the current layer total frame number M. If j>M is false, the current layer print is ended, and the transfer is performed.
  • the second step is to transfer to the i+1th layer printing process; if j ⁇ M is True, then go to the sixth step to execute the printing process of the current image spoke;
  • the sixth step is to load the printing program of the jth picture of the current layer, load the printing information according to the printing mode corresponding to the jth drawing, send a printing command to the print server, and execute the current frame printing;
  • the seventh step after printing the j-th image, the j+1th picture of the current layer is loaded, and the fifth step is returned.
  • the printing head adopts a layer-by-layer dislocation printing manner, so that the same nozzle holes are mutually staggered at corresponding positions of the adjacent layers, thereby avoiding blockage or failure of the respective nozzle holes if not timely repaired.
  • the defects of the printing module's integral section when printing each layer, according to the printing width, the whole picture of each layer is divided into multiple separately printed frames, and the print head walking track is re-indexed, and the printing chart of each layer is printed.
  • the blank area realizes fast walking, thereby improving printing efficiency.
  • the lining dislocation printing of the print head of the invention and the re-planning of the print trajectory after the printing of each layer of the printing frame are performed, thereby achieving efficient and rapid printing, avoiding the defects of the printing scission caused by the clogging of the individual nozzle holes of the printing head, and reducing the printing.
  • Head maintenance costs increase printhead life.
  • the print head misalignment printing parameters are determined as follows: in the layer-by-layer printing from the first layer, the print heads are along the sides of the printing width direction. The orifice circulation is closed and opened so that the ejection positions of the printing areas in the adjacent layers corresponding to the same orifice are shifted from each other.
  • the nozzles arranged in the printing width direction of the printing head are provided with a front closing area, a rear closing area and an opening area corresponding to the printing width in the middle layer printing process.
  • the nozzle holes in the rear closing area are opened layer by layer, and the nozzle holes in the front closing area are closed layer by layer, so that the nozzle holes at the front end and the back end of the opening area are closed and opened layer by layer, and the width of the opening area in each layer printing is kept unchanged.
  • the current layer i starts from the first layer.
  • the current frame j starts from the first frame.
  • the walking track of the print head includes a walking track when the printing head prints along each divided frame and a print head from the current frame printing end point to the next figure. The travel trajectory of the starting point of the print.
  • 1 is a first step of the first embodiment of the 3DP offset printing method of the present invention, or a first step of the second embodiment;
  • 2 is a second step of the first embodiment of the 3DP offset printing method of the present invention, or the second step and the fifth step of the second embodiment;
  • 3 is a third step of the first embodiment of the 3DP offset printing method of the present invention, or the third step and the sixth step of the second embodiment;
  • 4 is a fourth step of the first embodiment of the 3DP offset printing method of the present invention, or the fourth step and the seventh step of the second embodiment;
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart of the 3DP integrated printing method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a print head misalignment state and a frame division of one of the print layers in the 3DP integrated printing method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a print head misalignment state and a frame division of another print layer in the 3DP integrated printing method of the present invention.
  • the printing head 1 in the layer-by-layer layering printing, is closed and opened by a plurality of nozzle holes on both sides in the width direction, so that the same nozzle hole corresponds to the adjacent one.
  • the ejection positions of the print area 2 on the layer are shifted from each other.
  • the orifices arranged in the width direction of the print head 1 used in the 3DP offset printing method of the present invention are provided with a front closing region 1C, a rear closing region 1B, and an open opening region 1A for jet printing, which is printed layer by layer.
  • the nozzle holes of the rear closing area 1B are opened layer by layer
  • the nozzle holes of the front closing area 1C are closed layer by layer, so that the front end and the back end of the opening area 1A are layer-by-layer dislocation loop closed and opened to keep the layers open in printing.
  • the width of the area 1A does not change.
  • the front end and the rear end of the opening area 1A of the print head are alternately closed and opened layer by layer, keeping the width of the open area constant, thereby realizing the same nozzle hole of the print head in layer-by-layer printing.
  • the corresponding injection positions in the adjacent layers are always staggered.
  • the first embodiment of the 3DP offset printing method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the first step there are a total of 1024 injection holes in the total width of the print head, and in each layer of jet printing, 78 of the injection holes are closed, and the width of the print head 1 along the width direction
  • the width of the front closing area of the direction is zero, and the width of the rear closing area 1B is the largest, that is, the closing area is located at the rear end of the printing head 1, that is, 78 nozzle holes for closing the rear end of the printing head, and the opening area 1A of the printing head corresponds to the printing platform.
  • a layer of powder is laid on the printing platform by the powder spreading device, and the respective injection holes of the opening area 1A of the printing head are activated to selectively perform jet printing on the printing area 2 according to the slicing program to complete the current layer.
  • the workbench is lowered by a spreading height; in the second step, as shown in FIG. 2, the rear opening area 1B of the printing head is opened near the 26 injection holes of the opening area 1A, and the front end of the opening area 1B is closed 26 times.
  • the nozzle hole forms a front closing area 1C and ensures that the width of the opening area 1A is constant, and the opening area 1A of the print head is translated to be above the printing area 2 of the printing platform, and after layering a layer of powder on the printing area 2, Start each of the print head opening area 1A
  • the hole is selectively sprayed and printed on the printing area according to the slice printing program of the layer, and the workbench is lowered by a spreading height after the printing of the current layer is completed; the third step, as shown in FIG. 3, the rear closing area of the printing head is opened again.
  • the spray holes of the open area of the print head are activated to selectively print on the printing area according to the slice printing program of the layer.
  • the work table is lowered by a spreading height; the fourth step is as shown in the figure. 4, continue to open the remaining 26 orifices in the rear closing zone, while closing the 26 orifices of the opening zone 1A close to the front closure zone.
  • the orifices of the rear closure zone are all open and the front is closed.
  • the 78 nozzle holes of the area are all opened, and the opening area 1A of the translation print head is facing the printing area 2.
  • the work is lowered by a spreading height; thus, one misalignment of all the nozzles of the printing head is completed. Recycling; in the misalignment cycle of the printhead orifice, the same orifice is offset by 26 holes in the width direction in the corresponding injection position of the adjacent layer; in the fifth step, the closing area and the opening area of the print head 1 are The state of the first step is adjusted to print the next misalignment process until the 3DP printing of the product is completed.
  • the fifth step may also be: the print head performs the third step, the second step and the first step sequentially from the current state, completes the printing of the current layer, and the working table descends by a spreading height.
  • the nozzle holes in the front closing area of the straight print head are all opened, and the width of the rear closing area is the same as the front closing area in the first step, and the opening area of the translation print head faces the printing area.
  • the work is lowered by a spreading height; after completing the misalignment cycle of all the nozzles of the printing head, the printing of the next misalignment process is performed from the state of the first step until the product is completed. 3DP printing.
  • the second embodiment of the 3DP offset printing method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the first step there are a total of 1024 injection holes in the total width of the print head, and in each layer of jet printing, 78 of the injection holes are closed, and the print head is closed in the front direction in the width direction.
  • the width of the 1C is zero, and the width of the rear closing area 1B is the largest.
  • the opening area 1A of the print head corresponds to the printing area 2 above the printing platform, and a layer of powder is laid on the printing platform by the powder spreading device to start the printing head opening area 1A.
  • the orifice is selectively sprayed and printed on the printing area 2 according to the slicing program, and after the printing of the current layer is completed, the table is lowered by a spreading height;
  • the 26 nozzle holes of the print head rear closing area 1B close to the opening area 1A are opened, and the front end of the opening area 1A is closed, and 26 nozzle holes of the same width direction are closed to form a front closing.
  • Zone 1C and ensuring that the width of the open area 1A is unchanged the open area 1A of the print head is translated to the upper side of the print area 2 of the printing platform, and after layering a layer of powder on the print area 2, each of the print head opening areas 1A is activated.
  • the orifice is selectively sprayed and printed on the printing area 2 according to the slice printing program of the layer, and the table is lowered by a spreading height after the printing of the current layer is completed;
  • the print head is opened again.
  • the rear closing area 1B is opened near the opening area 1A, and the 26 printing holes are closed near the front closing area 1C.
  • the same width 26 nozzles are closed, and then translated.
  • the print head causes the open area 1A to face the print area 2, and after the layer is powdered on the print area 2, the spray holes of the print head open area 1A are activated.
  • the table is lowered by a spreading height;
  • the third step is repeated repeatedly until the nozzle holes of the rear end area 1B of the straight print head are all opened, and the width of the front closing area 1C is the same as the width of the rear closing area 1B of the first step, and the translation print head is opened.
  • the area 1A is facing the printing area 2, after the completion of the current layer of the powder printing, the work is lowered by a spreading height; thus, a forward misalignment cycle of all the nozzles of the printing head is completed;
  • the width of the rear end closing area 1B of the print head in the width direction is zero, and the width of the front closing area 1C is the largest, and the front end of the print head is closed.
  • the opening of the opening area 1A opens 26 injection holes, and the rear end of the opening area 1A is closed to form the rear opening area 1B of the same width direction to ensure the width of the opening area 1A is unchanged, and the opening area 1A of the print head is translated to Directly above the printing platform printing area 2, after layering a layer of powder on the printing area 2, the respective ejection holes of the starting head opening area 1A are selectively sprayed and printed on the printing area 2 according to the layer printing program of the layer. After finishing the printing of the current layer, the workbench is lowered by a spreading height;
  • the 26 nozzle holes of the front end closing area 1C of the print head close to the opening area 1A are opened again, and the nozzle holes of the same width close to the rear closing area 1B of the print head are closed, and then the print head is translated.
  • the opening area 1A is opposite to the printing area 2, and after the layering powder is layered on the printing area 2, the respective ejection holes of the head opening area 1A are activated to selectively perform jet printing on the printing area 2 according to the layer printing program of the layer. After the printing of the current layer is completed, the workbench is lowered by a spreading height;
  • the sixth step is repeated repeatedly until the nozzle holes of the front print closing area 1C of the straight print head are all opened, the width of the rear closing area 1B is zero, and the opening area 1A of the translation print head is facing the printing.
  • Area 2 after completing the powder printing of the current layer, the work is lowered by a spreading height; thus, a reverse misalignment cycle of all the nozzles of the printing head is completed;
  • the first step to the seventh step are repeated to print the next misalignment cycle until the 3DP printing of the product is completed.
  • the 3DP offset printing system disclosed in the embodiment is used for the layer-by-layer layering printing.
  • the printing head 1 is provided with a plurality of nozzle holes on both sides in the width direction for cyclically closing and opening, so that adjacent layers corresponding to the same nozzle hole are provided.
  • the ejection positions of the upper printing area 2 are shifted from each other.
  • the orifices of the printing head 1 arranged in the width direction are provided with a front closing area 1C, a rear closing area 1B and an intermediate opening area 1A for jet printing for the rear closing area 1B during the layer-by-layer printing process.
  • the orifices are opened layer by layer, and the orifices of the front closing zone 1C are closed layer by layer, so that the orifices of the front end and the rear end of the opening zone 1 are closed and opened in a layer-by-layer manner, and the width of the opening zone in each layer of printing is kept constant.
  • the width of the front closed region 1C and the rear closed region 1B of the printhead 1 is 5-40%, more preferably 7-10%, of the total width of the printhead.
  • the widths of the front closed region 1C and the rear closed region 1B of the printhead 1 are opened layer by layer, and the widths of the two closed regions are successively decreased or incremented from zero to the maximum width.
  • the 3DP integrated printing method of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 5-7 in a specific embodiment, in particular, a 3DP printing method combining layered offset printing and layer image segmentation.
  • the 3DP printing method in which the layered misalignment printing and the layer frame division method of the present embodiment are combined is carried out in accordance with the printing flow shown in Fig. 5.
  • the first step is to read the 3D print model data information file, load the print information, analyze the 3D model hierarchical information, and obtain the total number of layers N.
  • the printing layer determines that the current printing layer is loaded from the first layer, and determines whether the current layer printing layer number i is smaller than the total number of layers N. If i>N is false, the printing process is exited, and printing ends; if i ⁇ If N is True, go to the third step to execute the current layer printing process.
  • the third step is to load the print head misalignment print parameters, determine the print width of the current layer print head and the number and location of the open and close nozzle holes; as shown in FIG. 6, the print head misalignment print parameters are determined as follows: In the layer-by-layer printing starting from the layer, the print head is in the width direction corresponding to the printing width in the opening area 1A in FIG. 6, and a plurality of nozzle holes on both sides of the printing width are closed and opened to make the adjacent layer corresponding to the same nozzle hole. The ejection positions of the middle printing areas are shifted from each other. In the state shown in FIG.
  • the nozzle holes of the print head corresponding to the opening area 1A are opened, and the nozzle holes corresponding to the closing area 1B of the printing head side are closed, and in the printing of the layer, Only the orifice of the printing zone 1A is selectively jet-printed according to the printing frame; when the printing of the next layer is finished, when the next layer of printing is performed, as shown in FIG. 7, the opening area 1A of the printing head is misaligned along the printing width direction. Width, after the print head is misaligned, the print area 1A, the close area 1B and the close area 1C are formed, and the print head is misplaced to perform the lower layer printing; when the next layer is printed, the print head continues to be misaligned to form a new open area.
  • the cycle is repeated layer by layer misalignment.
  • the dislocation process of the above print head is a repeated cycle process in the printing process of the whole module.
  • the injection parts on the corresponding frames of the nozzle holes of two adjacent layers are staggered with each other, if any If the jet is clogged or broken, the single-layer scattered leakage spray does not affect the bonding quality of the entire layer, and the entire printing module does not suffer from the defect of the same longitudinal portion.
  • the current layer print frame is segmented according to the print width of the print head, and is divided into M closed frames in total, and then the print direction and the travel track information of the print head are determined according to the distribution information of each frame;
  • the current layer of the illustrated layer divides the current entire image into four maps of N1, N2, N3, and N4 according to the printing width along the dotted line in the middle of the frame.
  • the print heads correspond to the print heads.
  • the starting points of the picture are a, b, c, d, respectively, that is, the print head travel track is to print the frame N1 from point a, and after the picture N1 is printed, the print head quickly walks from the end point of the frame to point b.
  • the printing of the frame N2 is performed, and then the printing is continued from the printing end of the frame N2 to the printing of the frame N3, and finally the printing from the printing end point of the frame N3 is quickly performed to the printing of the frame N4.
  • the frame information of the current printing layer is loaded, and the current frame is determined when printing the current layer of the current layer to determine whether the current layer ends printing or continues to print.
  • the current frame is determined when printing the current layer of the current layer to determine whether the current layer ends printing or continues to print.
  • the current print frame j of the current layer starts, loading the current print frame j of the current layer, determining whether the current frame j is smaller than the total number of frames M of the current layer, and if j>M is false, the current layer is printed, and the second layer is transferred.
  • Step transfer to the i+1th layer printing process; if j ⁇ M is True, then go to the sixth step to execute the current printing process of the image spoke;
  • the sixth step is to load the printing program of the jth picture of the current layer, load the printing information according to the printing mode corresponding to the jth drawing, send a printing command to the print server, and execute the current frame printing;
  • the seventh step after printing the j-th image, the j+1th picture of the current layer is loaded, and the fifth step is returned.
  • the printing head adopts a layer-by-layer dislocation printing manner, so that the same nozzle holes are mutually staggered at corresponding positions of the adjacent layers, thereby avoiding blockage or failure of the respective nozzle holes if not timely repaired.
  • the defects of the printing module's integral section when printing each layer, according to the printing width, the whole picture of each layer is divided into multiple separately printed frames, and the print head walking track is re-indexed, and the printing chart of each layer is printed.
  • the blank area realizes fast walking, thereby improving printing efficiency.
  • the lining dislocation printing of the print head of the invention and the re-planning of the print trajectory after the printing of each layer of the printing frame are performed, thereby achieving efficient and rapid printing, avoiding the defects of the printing scission caused by the clogging of the individual nozzle holes of the printing head, and reducing the printing.
  • Head maintenance costs increase printhead life.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
  • the misalignment cycle switching mode of the print head and the division manner of each layer of the frame may be appropriately changed according to the printing requirements, and based on the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, Those skilled in the art will be able to make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, which are within the scope of the present invention.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种3DP错位打印方法和系统，在逐层铺粉打印中，打印头沿宽度方向两侧的若干喷孔循环关闭和打开，使同一喷孔对应的相邻层上打印区域的喷射位置相互错开，当打印头的个别喷孔堵塞时，该堵塞喷孔在相邻层对应的位置也相互错开，而单层的个别喷孔堵塞而产生的漏喷粘结剂的现象并不会造成打印模块的断节问题，提高了3DP打印效率，降低打印头维护成本。本发明还涉及一种3DP综合打印方法，通过本发明的打印头错位打印和对各层打印图幅分割后重新规划打印轨迹进行打印，可以实现高效快速打印、避免打印头个别喷孔堵塞造成的打印断节的缺陷，降低打印头维护成本，提高打印头使用寿命。

Description

一种3DP打印方法、系统及3DP综合打印方法
本申请要求于2017年10月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201711032220.2、发明名称为“一种分层错位打印与层图幅分割法相结合的3DP打印方法”以及于同日提交中国专利局、申请号为201711035710.8、发明名称为“一种3DP错位打印方法”的两件中国专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及3D打印技术领域，具体涉及一种3DP打印方法、系统及错位打印与层图幅分割法相结合的3DP综合打印方法。
背景技术
喷墨黏粉式3DP打印技术是喷头在电脑控制下，按照模型截面的二维数据运行，选择性地在相应位置喷射粘结剂，最终构成层。在每一层粘结完毕后，成型缸下降一个等于层厚度的距离，供粉缸上升一段高度，推出多余粉末，并由铺粉辊推到成型缸，铺平再被压实。如此循环，直至完成整个物体的粘结。在此过程中，当打印喷头有部分喷孔堵塞或损坏时，会导致整个打印过程中出现无法喷射粘结剂的空白块，多层积累后形成打印模型断节而无法完整成形。出现这种问题时就需要及时停机维修或更换打印头，增加成本，延长生产周期。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术中3DP打印方式中当打印头个别喷孔堵塞而造成的打印空白、断层的问题，提供一种3DP错位打印方法和系统，使打印头的各喷孔逐层打印时对应的位置相互错开，以错开同一堵塞喷孔在两相邻层对应的位置，避免出现打印断节，还提供一种3DP综合打印方法，克服现有技术中3DP打印中打印头个别喷孔堵塞而出现打印模块断节及打印头在打印过程中在图幅空白处不实现快速移动而影响打印效率的问题。
本发明的目的是这样实现的，一种3DP错位打印方法，逐层铺粉打印 中，打印头沿宽度方向两侧的若干喷孔循环关闭和打开，使同一喷孔对应的相邻层上打印区域的喷射位置相互错开。
本发明的错位打印方法，打印头沿宽度方向两侧的若干喷孔循环关闭和打开，使同一喷孔在相邻打印层对应的喷射位置相互错开，当打印头的个别喷孔堵塞时，该堵塞喷孔在相邻层对应的位置也相互错开，而单层的个别喷孔堵塞而产生的漏喷粘结剂的现象并不会造成打印模块的断节问题，少数分散的喷孔堵塞，因各层打印中其对应的位置已经相互错开，也不会造成打印模块断节问题，从而避免了打印头因个别喷孔堵塞而无法继续打印的问题，提高了3DP打印效率，降低打印头维护成本。
为进一步实现本发明的目的，打印头沿宽度方向排布的喷孔设有前部关闭区、后部关闭区和中间的用于喷射打印的打开区，逐层打印过程中，后部关闭区的喷孔逐层打开，前部关闭区的喷孔逐层关闭，使打开区前端和后端的喷孔逐层错位循环关闭和打开保持各层打印中打开区的宽度不变。本发明的打印方法中，打印头的打开区的前端和后端的喷孔逐层交替关闭和打开，保持打开区的宽度不变，从而实现逐层打印中，打印头的同一喷孔在相邻层中对应的喷射位置始终错开。
本发明的3DP错位打印方法，具体包括如下步骤：
第一步，打印头沿宽度方向前部关闭区的宽度为零，后部关闭区宽度最大，将打印头的打开区对应打印平台打印区域上方，通过铺粉装置在打印平台上铺一层粉，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
第二步，将打印头后部关闭区靠近打开区的喷孔打开一部份，同时将打开区前端关闭同样宽度方向的喷孔形成前部关闭区并保证打开区宽度不变，将打印头的打开区平移至正对打印平台打印区域的上方，在打印区域上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
第三步，再次打开打印头后部关闭区靠近打开区的一部份喷孔，同时关闭打印头靠近前部关闭区相同宽度的喷孔，然后平移打印头使打开区正 对打印区域上方，在打印区域上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
第四步，反复重复第三步，至直打印头后部关闭区的喷孔全部打开，前部关闭区宽度与第一步中的后部关闭区同宽，平移打印头的打开区正对打印区域，完成当前层的铺粉打印后，工作下降一个铺粉高度；至此完成打印头全部喷孔的一次错位循环使用；
第五步，将打印头调至第一步的状态进行下一错位循环使用过程的打印，直至完成产品的3DP打印。
本发明的3DP错位打印方法，还可以具体包括如下步骤：
第一步，打印头沿宽度方向前部关闭区的宽度为零，后部关闭区宽度最大，将打印头的打开区对应打印平台打印区域上方，通过铺粉装置在打印平台上铺一层粉，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
第二步，将打印头后部关闭区靠近打开区的喷孔打开一部份，同时将打开区前端关闭同样宽度方向的喷孔形成前部关闭区并保证打开区宽度不变，将打印头的打开区平移至正对打印平台打印区域的上方，在打印区域上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
第三步，再次打开打印头后部关闭区靠近打开区的一部份喷孔，同时关闭打印头靠近前部关闭区相同宽度的喷孔，然后平移打印头使打开区正对打印区域上方，在打印区域上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
第四步，反复重复第三步，至直打印头后部关闭区的喷孔全部打开，前部关闭区宽度与第一步中的后部关闭区同宽，平移打印头的打开区正对打印区域，完成当前层的铺粉打印后，工作下降一个铺粉高度；至此完成打印头全部喷孔的一次正向错位循环使用；
第五步，在第四步完成时，打印头沿宽度方向后部关闭区的宽度为零，前部关闭区宽度最大，则将打印头前部关闭区靠近打开区的喷孔打开一部份，同时将打开区后端关闭同样宽度方向的喷孔形成后部关闭区并保证打开区宽度不变，将打印头的打开区平移至正对打印平台打印区域的上方，在打印区域上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
第六步，再次打开打印头前部关闭区靠近打开区的一部份喷孔，同时关闭打印头靠近后部关闭区相同宽度的喷孔，然后平移打印头使打开区正对打印区域上方，在打印区域上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
第七步，反复重复第六步，至直打印头前部关闭区的喷孔全部打开，后部关闭区宽度为零，平移打印头的打开区正对打印区域，完成当前层的铺粉打印后，工作下降一个铺粉高度；至此完成打印头全部喷孔的一次反向错位循环使用；
第八步，重复第一步至第七步进行下一错位循环使用过程的打印，直至完成产品的3DP打印。
通过本发明的上述3DP错位打印方法，完成一个3DP打印产品的打印，打印头的部份喷孔在整个产品的逐层打印中，循环打开和关闭，使各喷头对应各层的喷射位置相互错开，有效填充无法喷射粘结剂的空白区，提升打印头使用寿命，降低成本，提高打印效率。
进一步地，所述打印头的前部关闭区和后部关闭区的宽度和为打印头总宽度的5-40％。
进一步地，所述打印头的前部关闭区和后部关闭区的宽度和为打印头总宽度的7-10％。
进一步地，所述打印头的前部关闭区和后部关闭区的宽度逐层错位打开，两关闭区的宽度在零到最大宽度之间逐层递减或递增。
一种3DP错位打印系统，打印头沿宽度方向两侧设置有若干喷孔，用于循环关闭和打开，用于逐层铺粉打印中，使同一喷孔对应的相邻层上打 印区域的喷射位置相互错开。
进一步的，打印头沿宽度方向排布的喷孔设有前部关闭区、后部关闭区和中间的用于喷射打印的打开区，用于在逐层打印过程中，后部关闭区的喷孔逐层打开，前部关闭区的喷孔逐层关闭，使打开区前端和后端的喷孔逐层错位循环关闭和打开保持各层打印中打开区的宽度不变。
进一步地，所述打印头的前部关闭区和后部关闭区的宽度和为打印头总宽度的5-40％。
进一步的，所述打印头的前部关闭区和后部关闭区的宽度和为打印头总宽度的7-10％。
进一步的，所述打印头的前部关闭区和后部关闭区的宽度逐层错位打开，两关闭区的宽度在零到最大宽度之间逐层递减或递增。
一种3DP综合打印方法，包括：
第一步，读取3D打印模型数据信息文件，加载打印信息，对3D模型分层信息进行分析，获取分层总数N；
第二步，打印层判断，加载当前打印层，判断当前层打印层数i是否小于分层总数N，如果i>N即false，则退出打印流程，打印结束；如果i≤N即True,则进入第三步执行当前打印流程；
第三步，加载打印头错位打印参数，确定当前层打印头的打印辐宽及打开和关闭喷孔的数量和部位；
第四步，根据打印头的打印幅宽对当前层打印图幅进行分割，总计分割成M幅封闭图幅，再根据各图幅分布信息确定打印头的打印方向和行走轨迹信息；
第五步，当前图幅的判断，加载当前层的当前打印图幅j，判断当前图幅j是否小于当前层总图幅数M，如果j>M即false，则结束当前层打印，转入第二步，转入第i+1层打印流程；如果j≤M即True，则转入第六步，执行当前图辐的打印程序；
第六步，加载当前层第j幅图的打印程序，按第j图对应的打印模式加载打印信息，向打印服务器发送打印命令，执行当前图幅打印；
第七步，结束第j幅图的打印后，加载当前层第j+1幅图，返回第五步。
本发明的方法中，各层打印中，打印头采用逐层错位打印的方式，使同喷孔在各相邻层对应的位置相互错开，避免各别喷孔堵塞或故障如不及时维修而造成打印模块整断节的缺陷；进行各层打印时，根据打印幅宽，将各层的整幅图分割为多幅分别打印的图幅，并重新归划打印头行走轨迹，对每层打印图幅空白区实现快速走位，从而提高打印效率。因此通过本发明的打印头分层错位打印和对各层打印图幅分割后重新规划打印轨迹进行打印，可以实现高效快速打印、避免打印头个别喷孔堵塞造成的打印断节的缺陷，降低打印头维护成本，提高打印头使用寿命。
为进一步实现本发明中的打印头错位打印过程，第三步中，打印头错位打印参数按如下方法确定：从第一层开始的逐层打印中，打印头沿打印幅宽方向两侧的若干喷孔循环关闭和打开，使同一喷孔对应的相邻层中打印区域的喷射位置相互错开。
作为本发明的错位打印的进一步改进，打印头沿打印幅宽方向排布的喷孔设有前部关闭区、后部关闭区和中间与打印幅宽对应的打开区，逐层打印过程中，后部关闭区的喷孔逐层打开，前部关闭区的喷孔逐层关闭，使打开区前端和后端的喷孔逐层错位循环关闭和打开保持各层打印中打开区的宽度不变。
为便于实现本发明的循环打印过程，第二步中，当前图层i从第1层起始。
为便于实现本发明各层的逐层打印过程，第五步中，当前图幅j从第1幅起始。
进一步地，每层的各图幅的打印中，第四步中，打印头的行走轨迹包括打印头沿各分割图幅打印时的行走轨迹和打印头从当前图幅打印结束点向下一图幅打印起始点的行走轨迹。
附图说明
图1为为本发明的3DP错位打印方法中第一实施例的第一步，或第二实施例的第一步；
图2为本发明的3DP错位打印方法中第一实施例的第二步，或第二实 施例的第二步和第五步；
图3为本发明的3DP错位打印方法中第一实施例的第三步，或第二实施例的第三步和第六步；
图4为本发明的3DP错位打印方法中第一实施例的第四步，或第二实施例的第四步和第七步；
图5为本发明的3DP综合打印方法的流程图。
图6为本发明的3DP综合打印方法中其中一个打印层的打印头错位状态与图幅分割示意图。
图7为本发明的3DP综合打印方法中另一个打印层的打印头错位状态与图幅分割示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以3DP错位打印系统的具体实施例详细说明本发明的3DP错位打印方法。
如图1-图4所示，本发明的3DP错位打印方法，在逐层铺粉打印中，打印头1沿宽度方向两侧的若干喷孔循环关闭和打开，使同一喷孔对应的相邻层上打印区域2的喷射位置相互错开。
用于本发明的3DP错位打印方法中的打印头1沿宽度方向排布的喷孔设有前部关闭区1C、后部关闭区1B和中间的用于喷射打印的打开区1A，逐层打印过程中，后部关闭区1B的喷孔逐层打开，前部关闭区1C的喷孔逐层关闭，使打开区1A前端和后端的喷孔逐层错位循环关闭和打开保持各层打印中打开区1A的宽度不变。本发明的打印方法中，打印头的打开区1A的前端和后端的喷孔逐层交替关闭和打开，保持打开区的宽度不变，从而实现逐层打印中，打印头的同一喷孔在相邻层中对应的喷射位置始终错开。
本发明的3DP错位打印方法的第一实施例包括如下步骤：
第一步，如图1所示，本实施例中打印头的总宽度上共有1024个喷孔，在每层喷射打印中，关闭其中的78个喷孔，沿宽度方向上打印头1沿宽度方向前部关闭区的宽度为零，后部关闭区1B宽度最大，即关闭区全部位 于打印头1的后端即关闭打印头后端的78个喷孔，将打印头的打开区1A对应打印平台打印区域2的上方，通过铺粉装置在打印平台上铺一层粉，启动打印头的打开区1A的各喷孔根据切片打印程序在打印区域2的上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；第二步，如图2所示，将打印头的后部关闭区1B靠近打开区1A的26个喷孔打开，同时将打开区1B前端关闭26个喷孔，形成前部关闭区1C并保证打开区1A宽度不变，将打印头的打开区1A平移至正对打印平台的打印区域2的上方，在打印区域2上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区1A的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后工作台下降一个铺粉高度；第三步，如图3所示，再次打开打印头后部关闭区1B靠近打开区的26个喷孔，同时关闭打印头靠近前部关闭区1的26个喷孔，然后平移打印头1使打开区1A正对打印区域2上方，在打印区域上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；第四步，如图4所示，继续打开后部关闭区的剩余的26个喷孔，同时关闭打开区1A靠近前部关闭区的26个喷孔，至此，后部关闭区的喷孔已经全部打开，前部关闭区的78个喷孔全部打开，平移打印头的打开区1A正对打印区域2，完成当前层的铺粉打印后，工作下降一个铺粉高度；至此完成打印头全部喷孔的一次错位循环使用；此打印头喷孔的错位循环使用过程中，同一喷孔在相邻层对应的喷射位置均沿宽度方向错开26个孔宽；第五步，将打印头1的关闭区和打开区调至第一步的状态进行下一错位循环使用过程的打印，直至完成产品的3DP打印。执行上述第一步至第四步后，第五步还可以为：打印头从当前状态依次执行第三步、第二步和第一步，完成当前层的打印，工作台下降一个铺粉高度后；反复重复第一步，至直打印头前部关闭区的喷孔全部打开，后部关闭区宽度与第一步中的前部关闭区同宽，平移打印头的打开区正对打印区域，完成当前层的铺粉打印后，工作下降一个铺粉高度；至此完成打印头全部喷孔的一次错位循环使用后，从第一步的状态进行下一错位循环使用过程的打印，直至完成产品的3DP打印。
本发明的3DP错位打印方法的第二实施例包括如下步骤：
第一步，如图1所示，本实施例中打印头的总宽度上共有1024个喷孔，在每层喷射打印中，关闭其中的78个喷孔，打印头沿宽度方向前部关闭区1C的宽度为零，后部关闭区1B宽度最大，将打印头的打开区1A对应打印平台打印区域2上方，通过铺粉装置在打印平台上铺一层粉，启动打印头打开区1A的各喷孔根据切片打印程序在打印区域2上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
第二步，如图2所示，将打印头后部关闭区1B靠近打开区1A的26个喷孔打开，同时将打开区1A前端关闭同样宽度方向的26个喷孔关闭，形成前部关闭区1C并保证打开区1A宽度不变，将打印头的打开区1A平移至正对打印平台打印区域2的上方，在打印区域2上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区1A的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域2上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
第三步，如图3所示，再次打开打印头后部关闭区1B靠近打开区1A的26个喷孔打开，同时关闭打印头靠近前部关闭区1C相同宽度26个喷孔关闭，然后平移打印头使打开区1A正对打印区域2上方，在打印区域2上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区1A的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域2上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
第四步，反复重复第三步，至直打印头后部关闭区1B的喷孔全部打开，前部关闭区1C宽度与第一步中的后部关闭区1B同宽，平移打印头的打开区1A正对打印区域2，完成当前层的铺粉打印后，工作下降一个铺粉高度；至此完成打印头全部喷孔的一次正向错位循环使用；
第五步，如图3所示，在第四步完成时，打印头沿宽度方向后部关闭区1B的宽度为零，前部关闭区1C宽度最大，则将打印头前部关闭区1C靠近打开区1A的喷孔打开26个喷孔，同时将打开区1A后端关闭同样宽度方向的喷孔形成后部关闭区1B并保证打开区1A宽度不变，将打印头的打开区1A平移至正对打印平台打印区域2的上方，在打印区域2上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区1A的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域2上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
第六步，如图2所示，再次打开打印头前部关闭区1C靠近打开区1A的26个喷孔，同时关闭打印头靠近后部关闭区1B相同宽度的喷孔，然后平移打印头使打开区1A正对打印区域2上方，在打印区域2上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区1A的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域2上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
第七步，如图1所示，反复重复第六步，至直打印头前部关闭区1C的喷孔全部打开，后部关闭区1B宽度为零，平移打印头的打开区1A正对打印区域2，完成当前层的铺粉打印后，工作下降一个铺粉高度；至此完成打印头全部喷孔的一次反向错位循环使用；
第八步，重复第一步至第七步进行下一错位循环使用过程的打印，直至完成产品的3DP打印。
通过本实施例的上述3DP错位打印方法，完成一个3DP打印产品的打印，打印头的部份喷孔在整个产品的逐层打印中，循环打开和关闭，使各喷孔对应各层的喷射位置相互错开，有效填充无法喷射粘结剂的空白区，提升打印头使用寿命，降低成本，提高打印效率。
本实施例所公开的3DP错位打印系统，用于在逐层铺粉打印中，打印头1沿宽度方向两侧设置有若干喷孔用于循环关闭和打开，使同一喷孔对应的相邻层上打印区域2的喷射位置相互错开。
打印头1沿宽度方向排布的喷孔设有前部关闭区1C、后部关闭区1B和中间的用于喷射打印的打开区1A，用于在逐层打印过程中，后部关闭区1B的喷孔逐层打开，前部关闭区1C的喷孔逐层关闭，使打开区1前端和后端的喷孔逐层错位循环关闭和打开保持各层打印中打开区的宽度不变。
所述打印头1的前部关闭区1C和后部关闭区1B的宽度和为打印头总宽度的5-40％，更优选为7-10％。所述打印头1的前部关闭区1C和后部关闭区1B的宽度逐层错位打开，两关闭区的宽度在零到最大宽度之间逐层递减或递增。
下面结合附图5-7以一个具体实施例详细说明本发明的3DP综合打印方法，具体为一种分层错位打印与层图幅分割法相结合的3DP打印方法。
本实施例的分层错位打印与层图幅分割法相结合的3DP打印方法按如 图所示5打印流程实施。
第一步，读取3D打印模型数据信息文件，加载打印信息，对3D模型分层信息进行分析，获取分层总数N。
第二步，打印层判断，从第1层开始加载当前打印层，判断当前层打印层数i是否小于分层总数N，如果i>N即false，则退出打印流程，打印结束；如果i≤N即True,则进入第三步执行当前层打印流程。
第三步，加载打印头错位打印参数，确定当前层打印头的打印辐宽及打开和关闭喷孔的数量和部位；如图6所示，打印头错位打印参数按如下方法确定：从第一层开始的逐层打印中，打印头沿打印幅宽即图6中打开区1A对应的宽度方向，该打印幅宽两侧的若干喷孔循环关闭和打开，使同一喷孔对应的相邻层中打印区域的喷射位置相互错开，图6所示的状态中，打开区1A对应的打印头的喷孔打开，打印头一侧的关闭区1B对应的喷孔关闭，在该层的打印中，只有打印区1A的喷孔根据打印图幅进行选择性喷射打印；当前层打印结束后，进行下一层打印时，如图7所示，打印头的打开区1A沿打印幅宽方向错位一定的宽度，打印头经错位后形成打印区1A、关闭区1B和关闭区1C，打印头本层的错位后进行本层的下印；进行下一层打印时，打印头继续错位形成新的打开区和关闭区，并逐层错位反复循环。上述打印头的错位过程在整个模块的打印过程中是个反复循环的过程，打印头的喷孔经上述错位后，两相邻层的喷孔对应的图幅上的喷射部位相互错开，如有个别喷射堵塞或故障，单层零散的漏喷并不影响层整体的粘接质量，整个打印模块不会出现因同一纵向部位的漏喷而断节的缺陷。
第四步，根据打印头的打印幅宽对当前层打印图幅进行分割，总计分割成M幅封闭图幅，再根据各图幅分布信息确定打印头的打印方向和行走轨迹信息；以图6所示当前层的图幅，根据打印幅宽沿图幅中间的虚线将当前的整幅图共分割为N1、N2、N3、N4四幅图，对各幅图进行依次打印时，打印头对应各幅图的起始点分别为a、b、c、d，也就是打印头行走轨迹为从a点开始打印图幅N1，图幅N1打印结束后打印头从该图幅结束点快速行走至b点，进行图幅N2的打印，再从图幅N2的打印结束快速行走至图幅N3进行打印，最后从图幅N3的打印结束点快速行走至d进行图幅 N4的打印。
第五步，加载当前打印层的图幅信息，在进行当前层的各图幅的打印时需进行当前图幅的判断，以确定当前层是否打印结束或继续进行打印，本步中，从当前层的第1幅图开始，加载当前层的当前打印图幅j，判断当前图幅j是否小于当前层总图幅数M，如果j>M即false，则结束当前层打印，转入第二步，转入第i+1层打印流程；如果j≤M即True，则转入第六步，执行当前图辐的打印程序；
第六步，加载当前层第j幅图的打印程序，按第j图对应的打印模式加载打印信息，向打印服务器发送打印命令，执行当前图幅打印；
第七步，结束第j幅图的打印后，加载当前层第j+1幅图，返回第五步。
本发明的方法中，各层打印中，打印头采用逐层错位打印的方式，使同喷孔在各相邻层对应的位置相互错开，避免各别喷孔堵塞或故障如不及时维修而造成打印模块整断节的缺陷；进行各层打印时，根据打印幅宽，将各层的整幅图分割为多幅分别打印的图幅，并重新归划打印头行走轨迹，对每层打印图幅空白区实现快速走位，从而提高打印效率。因此通过本发明的打印头分层错位打印和对各层打印图幅分割后重新规划打印轨迹进行打印，可以实现高效快速打印、避免打印头个别喷孔堵塞造成的打印断节的缺陷，降低打印头维护成本，提高打印头使用寿命。
本发明并不局限于上述实施例，各层打印中，打印头的错位循环开关方式和各层图幅的分割方式可以根据打印需要适当变化，凡是在本发明公开的技术方案的基础上，本领域的技术人员根据所公开的技术内容，不需要创造性的劳动就可以对其中的一些技术特征作出一些替换和变形，这些替换和变形均在本发明保护的范围内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种3DP错位打印方法，其特征在于，逐层铺粉打印中，打印头沿宽度方向两侧的若干喷孔循环关闭和打开，使同一喷孔对应的相邻层上打印区域的喷射位置相互错开。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的3DP错位打印方法，其特征在于，打印头沿宽度方向排布的喷孔设有前部关闭区、后部关闭区和中间的用于喷射打印的打开区，逐层打印过程中，后部关闭区的喷孔逐层打开，前部关闭区的喷孔逐层关闭，使打开区前端和后端的喷孔逐层错位循环关闭和打开保持各层打印中打开区的宽度不变。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的3DP错位打印方法，其特征在于，具体包括如下步骤：
    第一步，打印头沿宽度方向前部关闭区的宽度为零，后部关闭区宽度最大，将打印头的打开区对应打印平台打印区域上方，通过铺粉装置在打印平台上铺一层粉，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
    第二步，将打印头后部关闭区靠近打开区的喷孔打开一部份，同时将打开区前端关闭同样宽度方向的喷孔形成前部关闭区并保证打开区宽度不变，将打印头的打开区平移至正对打印平台打印区域的上方，在打印区域上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
    第三步，再次打开打印头后部关闭区靠近打开区的一部份喷孔，同时关闭打印头靠近前部关闭区相同宽度的喷孔，然后平移打印头使打开区正对打印区域上方，在打印区域上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
    第四步，反复重复第三步，至直打印头后部关闭区的喷孔全部打开，前部关闭区宽度与第一步中的后部关闭区同宽，平移打印头的打开区正对 打印区域，完成当前层的铺粉打印后，工作下降一个铺粉高度；至此完成打印头全部喷孔的一次错位循环使用；
    第五步，将打印头调至第一步的状态进行下一错位循环使用过程的打印，直至完成产品的3DP打印；
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的3DP错位打印方法，其特征在于，具体包括如下步骤：
    第一步，打印头沿宽度方向前部关闭区的宽度为零，后部关闭区宽度最大，将打印头的打开区对应打印平台打印区域上方，通过铺粉装置在打印平台上铺一层粉，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
    第二步，将打印头后部关闭区靠近打开区的喷孔打开一部份，同时将打开区前端关闭同样宽度方向的喷孔形成前部关闭区并保证打开区宽度不变，将打印头的打开区平移至正对打印平台打印区域的上方，在打印区域上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
    第三步，再次打开打印头后部关闭区靠近打开区的一部份喷孔，同时关闭打印头靠近前部关闭区相同宽度的喷孔，然后平移打印头使打开区正对打印区域上方，在打印区域上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
    第四步，反复重复第三步，至直打印头后部关闭区的喷孔全部打开，前部关闭区宽度与第一步中的后部关闭区同宽，平移打印头的打开区正对打印区域，完成当前层的铺粉打印后，工作下降一个铺粉高度；至此完成打印头全部喷孔的一次正向错位循环使用；
    第五步，在第四步完成时，打印头沿宽度方向后部关闭区的宽度为零，前部关闭区宽度最大，则将打印头前部关闭区靠近打开区的喷孔打开一部份，同时将打开区后端关闭同样宽度方向的喷孔形成后部关闭区并保证打开区宽度不变，将打印头的打开区平移至正对打印平台打印区域的上方， 在打印区域上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
    第六步，再次打开打印头前部关闭区靠近打开区的一部份喷孔，同时关闭打印头靠近后部关闭区相同宽度的喷孔，然后平移打印头使打开区正对打印区域上方，在打印区域上平铺一层粉后，启动打印头打开区的各喷孔根据本层的切片打印程序在打印区域上方选择性的喷射打印，完成当前层的打印后，工作台下降一个铺粉高度；
    第七步，反复重复第六步，至直打印头前部关闭区的喷孔全部打开，后部关闭区宽度为零，平移打印头的打开区正对打印区域，完成当前层的铺粉打印后，工作下降一个铺粉高度；至此完成打印头全部喷孔的一次反向错位循环使用；
    第八步，重复第一步至第七步进行下一错位循环使用过程的打印，直至完成产品的3DP打印。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的3DP错位打印方法，其特征在于，所述打印头的前部关闭区和后部关闭区的宽度和为打印头总宽度的5-40％。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的3DP错位打印方法，其特征在于，所述打印头的前部关闭区和后部关闭区的宽度和为打印头总宽度的7-10％。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的3DP错位打印方法，其特征在于，所述打印头的前部关闭区和后部关闭区的宽度逐层错位打开，两关闭区的宽度在零到最大宽度之间逐层递减或递增。
  8. 一种3DP错位打印系统，其特征在于，打印头沿宽度方向两侧设置有若干喷孔，用于循环关闭和打开，用于逐层铺粉打印中，使同一喷孔对应的相邻层上打印区域的喷射位置相互错开。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种3DP错位打印系统，其特征在于，打印头沿宽度方向排布的喷孔设有前部关闭区、后部关闭区和中间的用于喷射打印的打开区，用于在逐层打印过程中，后部关闭区的喷孔逐层打开，前部关闭区的喷孔逐层关闭，使打开区前端和后端的喷孔逐层错位循环关闭和打开保持各层打印中打开区的宽度不变。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的一种3DP错位打印系统，其特征在于，所 述打印头的前部关闭区和后部关闭区的宽度和为打印头总宽度的5-40％。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种3DP错位打印系统，其特征在于，所述打印头的前部关闭区和后部关闭区的宽度和为打印头总宽度的7-10％。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的一种3DP错位打印系统，其特征在于，所述打印头的前部关闭区和后部关闭区的宽度逐层错位打开，两关闭区的宽度在零到最大宽度之间逐层递减或递增。
  13. 一种3DP综合打印方法，包括权利要求1所述的3DP错位打印方法，其特征在于：
    第一步，读取3D打印模型数据信息文件，加载当前打印信息，对3D模型分层信息进行分析，获取分层总数N；
    第二步，打印层判断，加载当前打印层，判断当前层打印层数i是否小于分层总数N，如果i>N即false，则退出打印流程，打印结束；如果i≤N即True,则进入第三步执行当前打印流程；
    第三步，从第一层开始的逐层打印中，打印头沿打印幅宽方向两侧的若干喷孔循环关闭和打开，使同一喷孔对应的相邻层中打印区域的喷射位置相互错开，确定当前层打印头的打印辐宽及打开和关闭喷孔的数量和部位；
    第四步，根据打印头的打印幅宽对当前层打印图幅进行分割，总计分割成M幅封闭图幅，再根据各图幅分布信息确定打印头的打印方向和行走轨迹信息；
    第五步，当前图幅的判断，加载当前层的当前打印图幅j，判断当前图幅j是否小于当前层总图幅数M，如果j>M即false，则结束当前层打印，转入第二步，转入第i+1层打印流程；如果j≤M即True，则转入第六步，执行当前图辐的打印程序；
    第六步，加载当前层第j幅图的打印程序，按第j图对应的打印模式加载打印信息，向打印服务器发送打印命令，执行当前图幅打印；
    第七步，结束第j幅图的打印后，加载当前层第j+1幅图，返回第五步。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的3DP综合打印方法，其特征在于，打印 头沿打印幅宽方向排布的喷孔设有前部关闭区、后部关闭区和中间与打印幅宽对应的打开区，逐层打印过程中，后部关闭区的喷孔逐层打开，前部关闭区的喷孔逐层关闭，使打开区前端和后端的喷孔逐层错位循环关闭和打开保持各层打印中打开区的宽度不变。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的3DP综合打印方法，其特征在于，第二步中，当前图层i从第1层起始。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的3DP综合打印方法，其特征在于，第五步中，当前图幅j从第1幅起始。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的3DP综合打印方法，其特征在于，第四步中，打印头的行走轨迹包括打印头沿各分割图幅打印时的行走轨迹和打印头从当前图幅打印结束点向下一图幅打印起始点的行走轨迹。
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