Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
  • B02C4/28—Details
  • B02C4/30—Shape or construction of rollers
  • B02C4/305—Wear resistant rollers

Definitions

• the invention relates to a crushing roller of a roll crusher with a plurality of crushing plates and a method for producing such a crushing roller.
• crushers For crushing materials such as limestone, oil shale marl, clay, oil sands or similar mineral materials usually crushers, in particular roll crushers are used.
• Known roll crushers have two crushing rollers which rotate in opposite directions and form a crushing gap between the crushing rollers.
• the crushing rollers are formed of a plurality of crushing plates which are circumferentially arranged side by side to a crushing roller.
• the crushing plates of the crushing rollers have evenly spaced crushing tools, such as blow bars, hammer or crushing teeth.
• the crushing tools and the surface of the crushing rollers of a roll crusher are exposed to high wear and must therefore be replaced regularly. For example, from DE4123967Alist such a breaking tool known.
• a crushing roll of a roll crusher for comminuting mineral material has, according to a first aspect, a multiplicity of crushing plates which form the lateral surface of the crushing roll. At each crushing plate a plurality of crushing tools is mounted.
• the at least one crushing plate is formed of a metal matrix composite material having a wear protection insert made of a hard metal and / or ceramic.
• a roll crusher preferably comprises two counter-rotating crushing rolls arranged side by side. Between the crushing rollers, a grinding gap is formed, is crushed in the material, such as limestone, marl, clay, oil shale or oil sands.
• Each crushing roller is formed of a plurality of crushing plates, which are for example each part-circular ring-shaped and arranged circumferentially next to one another to a crushing roller and connected to each other, so that the crushing plates form the surface of the crushing roller.
• the crushing plates are arranged around a drive shaft and secured thereto. At each crushing plate a plurality of crushing tools are attached, which serve the crushing of the material.
• the breaking tool is, for example, a blow bar, a breaking tooth, or a baffle element, such as a hammer of a hammer crusher.
• the breaking tool is in particular attached to a crushing roll of a roll crusher, wherein the crushing roll has, for example, a plurality of recesses in its surface, in each of which a breaking tool is mounted.
• the material to be comminuted is, for example, mineral crushed materials, such as oil sands, coal and ores, such as iron ore and nickel ore or cement clinker.
• a metal matrix composite material is to be understood as meaning a material made of a metal matrix material, such as steel, in which the wear protection insert is cast from a hard metal and / or ceramic.
• the wear protection insert is in particular made of a more wear-resistant material than the metal matrix material.
• the crushing plate is preferably formed in one piece from the metal matrix composite material, in particular cast.
• a metal matrix composite material with a wear protection insert made of a hard metal and / or ceramic offers the advantage of a high wear resistance of the crushing plate.
• the production of the crushing plates of the metal matrix composite material is relatively simple and inexpensive, wherein the wear protection insert can be positioned in the region of the crushing plate on which the highest wear is to be expected.
• each crushing plate on a plurality of wear protection pads are identically formed and arranged side by side such that they at least partially form the surface of the crushing plate.
• the wear protection pads are plate-shaped. Plate-shaped wear protective inserts are particularly easy to produce, with the arrangement of a plurality of wear protection pads, for example, different size, next to each other almost any surface structure of the crushing plate can be formed.
• the crushing plates are produced by a casting method according to another embodiment.
• the wear protection pad is preferably positioned in the mold for casting the crushing plates. Subsequently, the mold is filled with the metal matrix material which at least partially or completely surrounds the wear protection insert. Casting the crushing plates offers a particularly simple production possibility of the crushing plates, which can be produced in large quantities.
• the wear protection insert comprises tungsten carbide, ceramic, titanium carbide, boron carbide, niobium carbide or chromium carbide or a mixture of these materials.
• the wear protection pad is made of a powdery and / or granular mixture of said materials, wherein the mixture is heated, in particular gassed and baked, is.
• the mixture is heated in an example flexible form, which corresponds to the negative form of the wear protection insert.
• the mixture is cooled and cured to a porous structure.
• the wear insert is integrally formed and is positioned after performing the above-described manufacturing method in the mold for producing the crushing plate.
• the metal matrix material is, for example, high-temperature-resistant steel and / or a steel having a hardness of about 150-400 HB (Brinell).
• a high-temperature-resistant steel is a heat-resistant steel with a high Chromium-nickel content to understand, which has a temperature resistance of up to 650 ° C, in particular up to 1000 ° C.
• the wear protection insert is at least partially encapsulated in a metal matrix material according to another embodiment.
• the metal matrix material is infiltrated into the porous structure of the wear-resistant liner and encloses the wear-resistant liner.
• the wear protection pads preferably have a thickness of 10 - 200mm, in particular 20 - 100mm, preferably 30 - 50mm.
• At least one wear protection insert is designed as a partial circular ring. This allows a circumferential arrangement of a plurality of wear protection inserts side by side, so that the surface of the crushing plate is at least partially or completely formed by the wear protection pads.
• the crushing roller has according to a further embodiment, a holder for receiving a breaking tool, wherein the holder is formed of a metal matrix composite material having a wear protection insert made of a hard metal and / or ceramic.
• the holder is formed integrally with the crushing plate. It is also conceivable that the Hartl für is glued from the crushing plate, welded, soldered or screwed
• the wear protection pad is preferably attached to the surface of the holder.
• the wear protection insert is arranged on the side surface of the holder pointing outwards in the radial direction of the crushing roller.
• the surface of the holder is also exposed during operation of the roll crusher high wear by the impact of the material to be crushed.
• the formation of the holder made of a metal matrix composite material allow improved wear protection especially on the heavily wear-stressed areas of the surface of the brackets.
• the breaking tool is formed from a metal matrix composite material having a wear protection insert made of a hard metal and / or ceramic.
• the breaking tool is integrally formed and produced by a casting process. It is also conceivable that the breaking tool has two segments, for example, a fastening segment and a wear segment attached thereto, wherein at least the wear segment of a Metal matrix composite material is formed. The wear segment forms the radially outer region of the breaking tool, wherein at least the tip comprises a wear insert.
• the invention also includes a method for producing a crushing roller of a roller crusher, wherein the crushing roller has a plurality of crushing plates which form the lateral surface of the crushing roller and the method comprises the steps:
• the wear protection pad is made according to an embodiment prior to positioning in the mold from a powdery and / or granular mixture of hard metal and / or ceramic by means of heating. Subsequently, the cooled wear protection insert is fastened in particular in the casting mold and enclosed with the metal matrix material.
• Fig. 1 shows a roll crusher with two crushing rollers with crushing plates according to one embodiment.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a crushing plate with a plurality of crushing tools in a perspective view according to an exemplary embodiment.
• Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the crushing plate according to Fig. 1 in a sectional view.
• 4 shows a schematic representation of a breaking tool in a perspective view according to an exemplary embodiment.
• Fig. 1 shows a roll crusher 11 with two crushing rollers 1, which are arranged side by side and wherein between the crushing rollers 1, a crushing gap 26 is formed, in which the material is crushed.
• the crushing rollers 1 each comprise a plurality of crushing plates 10, which form the surface of the crushing roller 1 and are arranged circumferentially next to each other.
• each of the crushing rollers 1 has six crushing plates 10 each.
• the crushing plates 10 each have on their surface a plurality of crushing tools 12, which are arranged circumferentially on the respective crushing roller 1 and uniformly spaced from each other.
• each holder 16 On the surface of the crushing plates 10, a plurality of holders 16 are arranged, in particular welded, screwed or integrally formed with the crushing plate 10, wherein each holder 16 is a crushing tool 18 is attached.
• Each holder 16 has a recess, in each of which a breaking tool 18 is attached.
• the recesses in the holders 16 are in particular arranged such that the crushing tools 12 are aligned at an angle of about 30-60 °, preferably 45 ° to the radial of the crushing roller 1.
• the crushing rollers 1 rotate in opposite directions in the direction of the arrow. The material to be crushed is fed from above into the crushing gap 26 and comminuted in the crushing gap 26.
• Fig. 2 shows a crushing plate 10 with a plurality of crushing tools 18.
• the crushing plate 10 is formed by way of example partial arc and has eight crushing tools 18 which are mutually offset on the surface of the crushing plate 10 are mounted.
• two crushing tools 18 are arranged next to one another in the circumferential direction of the crushing roller, so that four rows running in the circumferential direction, each with two crushing tools, are arranged axially one behind the other.
• the crushing tools 18 are fastened by means of a respective holder 16 to the crushing plate 10.
• the brackets 16 are integrally formed with the crushing plate 10 on cohesively, in particular welded, connected to the crushing plate 10. Over the width of the brackets 16, the circumference of the crushing plate 10 is reinforced, so that the diameter of the crushing roller is increased.
• the crushing plate 10 therefore has a step-shaped profile in the axial direction, with the individual steps extending in the circumferential direction.
• Crushing plate 10 is formed of a metal matrix composite and includes a wear-resistant liner 14 and a metal matrix 12.
• the wear-resistant liner 14 is preferably at least partially embedded in the metal matrix 12.
• the crushing plate 10 of FIG. 2 comprises a plurality of wear protection inserts 14, which are formed in the form of partial arcs.
• the wear protection inserts have, for example, a thickness of 10 to 200 mm, in particular 20 to 100 mm, preferably 30 to 50 mm, are strip-shaped and arranged next to one another in the axial direction.
• the crushing plate 2 has, by way of example, ten wear protection inserts 14 which each have the same width and thickness, the width corresponding, for example, to the width of a step, in particular the width of a holder 16. It is also conceivable that the crushing plate has only a wear protection insert which extends over the surface of the crushing plate. Preferably, the entire surface of the crushing plate 10 is covered with at least one or more wear protection pads 14.
• the wear protection pad is made of a powdery and / or granular mixture of the above materials, wherein the mixture is heated, in particular fumigated and baked, is.
• the mixture is heated in an example flexible form, which corresponds to the negative form of the wear protection insert. Then, the mixture cools and cures to a highly wear-resistant body having a porous structure.
• the metal matrix material is, for example, high-temperature-resistant steel and / or a steel having a hardness of about 150-400 HB (Brinell).
• a high-temperature-resistant steel is to be understood as meaning a heat-resistant steel with a high chromium-nickel content, which has a temperature resistance of up to 650 ° C., in particular up to 1000 ° C.
• Such steels are, for example, austenitic chromium-nickel steels such as GX25CrNiSil8-9, GX40CrNiSi25-12, GX40NiCrSiNb35-26.
• High temperature steels up to 600 ° C, for example, steels according to DIN EN 10213.
• High temperature steels up to 1200 ° C for example, steels according to DIN EN 10295.
• the wear protection pads 14 are at least partially or completely enclosed by the metal matrix material 12.
• the crushing plate 10 has an upper, radially outwardly facing region, which comprises the wear protection insert 14 embedded in the metal matrix material 12 and has a radially inwardly pointing region which exclusively comprises the metal matrix material 12.
• the wear protection insert 14 is made of ceramic or hard metal, such as tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, niobium carbide or chromium carbide or a mixture of these materials, positioned in a mold for casting the wear protection unit 14, for example attached.
• the wear protection pad 14 has, for example, a plate shape and is positioned on the top of the crushing plate 10.
• the crushing plate 10 is cast from the metal matrix material, so that the wear protection pad 14 is at least partially enclosed by the casting material, namely the metal matrix material 12, wherein the casting material, for example, infiltrated into the porous structure of the wear protection pad 14.
• the wear protection pad 14 is completely enclosed by the casting material.
• the crushing tools 18 are aligned at an angle of about 30-60 °, preferably 45 ° to the radial of the crushing roller and each received in a holder 16.
• the holders 16 likewise have at least one wear protection insert 14 and are also formed from the metal matrix composite material.
• the wear layer 14 is arranged on the rear side of the holder 16, in particular on the radially outwardly facing surface of the holder 16.
• the pointing in the direction of the crushing plate 10 portion of the holder 16 is formed solely of the metal matrix material 12, wherein the radially outwardly facing portion of the holder 16 is formed of the metal matrix composite material and the wear protection insert 14 includes.
• FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of the crushing plate 10 of FIG. 2.
• FIG. 3 shows two wear protection inserts 14 on the surface of the crushing plate 10, each resting against a holder 16.
• the holder 16 is formed integrally with the crushing plate and has a bore 20 which extends at an angle of about 30-60 °, preferably 45 ° to the radial of the crushing roller.
• the breaking tool 18 is arranged at the pointing in the direction of rotation of the crushing roller side surface of the holder 16.
• the breaking tool preferably has a fastening segment 22 which is connected to the holder 16 and a wear segment 24 which protrudes from the holder 16 and comes into contact with the material to be comminuted.
• the mounting segment 22 has a shaft which is fastened in the bore 20 of the holder 16, for example screwed.
• the wear region 24 is formed substantially tooth-shaped and is formed integrally with the attachment region, for example, or materially connected, in particular welded.
• the breaking tool 18 is preferably formed from a metal matrix composite material, wherein a wear protection insert 14 is arranged on the surface, in particular at the tip of the breaking tool 18, and the breaking tooth the metal matrix material is poured.
• only the wear segment 24 of the breaking tool 18 is formed from a metal matrix composite material, wherein one or more wear protection pads are disposed on the rotationally facing surface of the wear segment 24 and are at least partially enclosed by the metal matrix material.
• the wear segment 24 and the fastening segment 22, for example, screwed together or materially connected to each other, for example by welding.
• the breaking tool 18 has a fastening segment 22 and a wear segment 24, which are connected to one another and form the breaking tool 18.
• the fastening segment 22 can be fastened to a crushing roll of a roll crusher and has a shank.
• the shank of the fastening segment 22 forms one end of the breaking tool 18 and is fastened, for example, in the surface of the crushing plate 10 or on a holder 16 attached to the crushing plate 10.
• the shank is preferably arranged completely in the surface of the crushing plate or in a holder 16 according to FIG. 2 attached to the crushing plate 10.
• the shank has a plurality of diameters which serve to secure the shank, for example in a bore 20 in the surface of the crushing plate.
• the shaft has a thread for attachment in the bore 20 or the holder 16 on the surface of the crushing plate 10.
• the shaft may have a constant diameter and be attached to the crushing plate or a holder 16 by means of a material connection, such as welding, gluing, or soldering.
• the wear segment 24 and the attachment segment 22 are connected, for example, to each other via a material connection, such as soldering, welding or gluing.
• the wear segment 24 preferably protrudes at least partially or completely from the surface or support 16 of the crushing plate 10 and is exposed to wear by contact with the material being shredded.
• the attachment segment 22 may be integrally formed with the wear segment 24 or may be a separate component formed of a more ductile steel compared to the wear segment 24.
• a steel having a hardness of 90-500 HB (Brinell), preferably 120-350 HB, especially 150-200 HB, and preferably an elongation at break of about 18-26% is used.
• the wear segment 16 is substantially tooth-shaped. Also, a frusto-conical, hemispherical or the shape of a paraboloid are conceivable, for example.
• the outwardly facing tip of the wear segment 24, for example, about half of the wear segment 24, is made of the metal matrix composite.
• the wear protection insert 14 at least partially forms the surface, in particular the tip of the breaking tool 18, and is tooth-shaped.
• the metal matrix composite and wear protection pad 14 is the material already described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
• Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

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Citations (5)

• 2017
  • 2017-10-24 DE DE102017219013.2A patent/DE102017219013B3/de active Active
• 2018
  • 2018-10-18 ES ES18789608T patent/ES2904297T3/es active Active
  • 2018-10-18 PL PL18789608T patent/PL3700675T3/pl unknown
  • 2018-10-18 CN CN201880068991.3A patent/CN111263663B/zh active Active
  • 2018-10-18 WO PCT/EP2018/078472 patent/WO2019081313A1/de active Search and Examination
  • 2018-10-18 CA CA3079295A patent/CA3079295C/en active Active
  • 2018-10-18 PT PT187896089T patent/PT3700675T/pt unknown
  • 2018-10-18 EP EP18789608.9A patent/EP3700675B1/de active Active

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