WO2019071963A1 - 一种安全逃生系统 - Google Patents

一种安全逃生系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019071963A1
WO2019071963A1 PCT/CN2018/089662 CN2018089662W WO2019071963A1 WO 2019071963 A1 WO2019071963 A1 WO 2019071963A1 CN 2018089662 W CN2018089662 W CN 2018089662W WO 2019071963 A1 WO2019071963 A1 WO 2019071963A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
escape
building
wall
state
plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/089662
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任维进
任征宇
Original Assignee
任维进
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 任维进 filed Critical 任维进
Priority to US16/755,214 priority Critical patent/US20200254287A1/en
Priority to IL273908A priority patent/IL273908B2/en
Publication of WO2019071963A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019071963A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/20—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of sliding-ropes, sliding-poles or chutes, e.g. hoses, pipes, sliding-grooves, sliding-sheets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B5/00—Other devices for rescuing from fire
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/003—Balconies; Decks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a safety escape system, and more particularly to a safety escape system.
  • One of the objects of the present application is to provide an escape system that can solve the above problems to some extent.
  • the present application provides an escape system comprising an escape panel, a locking component, and a support assembly disposed around a plurality of or all floors of a building exterior wall, the escape panel enclosing a closed passage of the exterior wall of the building, the escape
  • the first end of the board is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the building, and the second end is detachably connected to the outer wall of the building through the locking component, one end of the supporting component is connected with the escape board, and the other end is connected with
  • the outer wall of the building is rotatably connected
  • the escape plate has an open state and a closed state
  • the support assembly has a first support state and a second support state, and the escape plate is driven when the escape plate is in a closed state.
  • the support assembly is flush with the outer wall of the building, and when the escape plate is in an open state, the second end is separated from the outer wall of the building, so that the entire escape board is outside the building
  • the wall is vertical and drives the support assembly to change from the first support state to the second support state.
  • the present application also provides an escape system comprising an escape board, a locking component, and a support assembly disposed around a plurality of or all floors of a building exterior wall, the escape panel surrounding the building exterior wall forming a closed passage,
  • the first end of the escape plate is movably connected to the outer wall of the building, and the second end of the escape plate is detachably connected to the outer wall of the building through the locking component, and the two ends of the support component are respectively Connecting to the escape board and the outer wall of the building, the escape board has an open state and a closed state, and the support assembly has a first support state and a second support state, when the escape board is in a closed state,
  • the escape plate drives the support assembly to be flush with the outer wall of the building.
  • the escape plate is in an open state
  • the second end is separated from the outer wall of the building, so that the entire escape plate is
  • the outer wall of the building is vertical and drives the support assembly to change from a first support state to a second support state.
  • the present application also provides an escape system, including an escape board, a locking component, and a support assembly disposed on a plurality of or all floors of a building exterior wall, wherein the building exterior wall is provided with a groove, and the escape board is One end is disposed in the groove and is slidably connected to the groove, and the second end of the escape plate is connected to the outer wall of the building through the support assembly;
  • the locking component is disposed in the building Attached to the escape plate, the locking member has an open state and a closed state, the escape plate has a contracted state and a stretched state, the support assembly has a first support state and a second support state when the lock
  • the escape plate When the component is in an open state, the escape plate is in a contracted state, the escape plate drives the support assembly in a first support state, the second end of the escape plate is flush with the outer wall of the building;
  • the closed state the escape plate is horizontally ejected from the outer wall of the building in an extended state, and the escape plate drives the support
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an escape system including an escape board, a locking component, and a support component disposed on a plurality of or all floors of the exterior wall of the building.
  • the escape panel surrounds the exterior wall of the building to form a closed passage, the first end of the escape panel is movably connected to the exterior wall of the building, and the second end and the exterior wall of the building pass the locking component A detachable connection, one end of the support assembly being coupled to the escape panel and the other end being rotatably coupled to the exterior wall of the building.
  • the escape personnel at each window can open the locking member so that the escape panel of the floor forms an escape passage around the outer wall of the building.
  • the escape personnel can move through the escape board and temporarily transfer to Units that do not have a fire escape, waiting for firefighters to carry out rescue; if there is no fire near the fire stairs of other units in the building, the escape personnel can also transfer to the fire stairs of other units through the escape board and quickly escape through the fire stairs.
  • the escape link attached to the longitudinal direction of the wall is lowered to the ground through the horizontally disposed escape link under the sill.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an escape system according to a first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a state of an escape board of an escape system according to a first embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another state of an escape board of an escape system according to a first embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a closed channel of an escape system according to a first embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a connection between escape boards of an escape system according to a first embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a state change of an escape board of an escape system according to a first embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another state change of an escape board of an escape system according to a first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a support component of an escape system according to a first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of connection of locking members of adjacent layers of an escape system according to a first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an escape system according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of a of Figure 10 provided by the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a state of an escape board of an escape system according to a second embodiment of the present application, wherein the support assembly adopts a top pull mode;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of another state of the escape board of the escape system according to the second embodiment of the present application, wherein the support assembly adopts a top pulling manner;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a state of an escape board of an escape system according to a second embodiment of the present application, wherein the support component adopts a bottom support mode;
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic view showing another state of the escape plate of the escape system according to the second embodiment of the present application, wherein the support assembly adopts a bottom support mode.
  • Icon 100-escape system; 110-escape board; 111-first end; 112-second end; 113-bearing layer; 114-fireproof insulation layer; 120-locking part; 130-supporting assembly; 140-closed channel 160-transverse pipe; 161-transverse chute; 170-longitudinal pipe; 171-longitudinal chute; 200-building exterior wall; 210-groove.
  • horizontal simply means that its direction is more horizontal than “vertical”, and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
  • the present embodiment provides an escape system 100 that includes an escape panel 110 , a locking component 120 , and a support assembly 130 disposed around a plurality or all of the floors of the building exterior wall 200 .
  • the escape plate 110 has an open state and a closed state, and the support assembly 130 has a first support state and a second support state.
  • the escape board 110 is disposed at the window of the exterior wall 200 of the building. When the escape board 110 is in the open state, the width can reach 0.8 meters or more, which is beneficial to the vertical window design and the latest high-rise building fire protection design specifications. .
  • the plurality of escape plates 110 of the same floor may simultaneously maintain the open state or the closed state, and may also maintain the open state or the closed state in segments. Further, please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 (the dotted line represents the escape board 110).
  • the building exterior wall 200 may be enclosed to form one and the An annular closed channel 140 is connected to the exterior wall 200 of the building, and the enclosed passage 140 is connected around the building.
  • an additional support plate may be added at the gap as shown in A of FIG. 5, or may escape in a block as shown in FIG. 5B.
  • a region is reduced at the inner corner of the plate 110, and a complementary form can be formed by the two escape plates 110 as shown in C of Fig. 5. These designs facilitate the formation of the escape plate 110 at the adjacent wall at the corner.
  • the continuous escape route is also beneficial for the escaper to pass through the corner of the corner through the escape board 110.
  • the escape plate 110 has a load bearing function as well as fireproof and heat insulation.
  • the escape panel 110 may include a load bearing layer 113 and a fire insulation layer 114, the load bearing layer 113 and the The fire insulation layer 114 is hollowly insulated, wherein the fire insulation layer 114 can be made of aerogel or some materials that can transmit light and have fireproof and heat insulation.
  • the load bearing layer 113 can be made of heat insulating tempered glass. .
  • the fireproof heat insulation layer 114 is located on the first surface of the escape board 110
  • the load bearing layer 113 is located on the second surface of the escape board 110
  • the second surface refers to the surface directly contacted by the escaper after the escape board 110 is horizontally deployed
  • the first surface is a surface opposite the second surface.
  • the fire insulation layer 114 is located on the lower surface (ie, the first surface) of the escape panel 110
  • the load bearing layer 113 is located on the upper surface (ie, the second surface) of the escape panel 110.
  • the exterior wall of the building is an important path for the firecracker.
  • the escape plate 110 After the escape plate 110 is horizontally unfolded, it is equivalent to providing an obstacle on the path, which can isolate the flame from a certain degree. On the other hand, if there is a fire under the escape plate 110 (for example, the flame is pulled out from the lower window), the escape plate 110 provided with the fireproof heat insulation layer on the lower surface is heated slowly, which can further reduce the difficulty of escape.
  • a hollow structure between the load-bearing layer 113 and the fire-resistant heat-insulating layer 114 can be used to provide heat insulation, and the hollow structure can have a pressure balance hole communicating with the outside.
  • the flame-retardant and heat-insulating material may be filled between the load-bearing layer 113 and the fire-resistant heat-insulating layer 114 to form a non-hollow structure, such as an insulating cotton or an aerogel.
  • a hollow structure may be used in combination with the fire insulating layer 114 to fill the insulating material.
  • the glazing or glass curtain wall of the building can also be used as a reinforced design of the escape panel 110, and the closed escape passage is formed by the rotational connection of the locking member 120 and the support assembly 130.
  • the escape panel 110 may be made of a composite material having load-bearing, heat insulation, fire prevention, and heat preservation, and the escape board The wall within 110 is no longer required to be insulated, and a horizontal insulation layer is naturally formed, which is essential for building fire protection.
  • the fire insulation layer 114 faces the ground for isolating the flame and preventing the flame from spreading upward.
  • the side of the fire insulation layer 114 facing the ground may be disposed in the same color as the exterior wall 200 of the building.
  • the escape panel 110 is in the closed state, it is integrated with the entire building without affecting the aesthetic appearance of the building.
  • the escape plate 110 may be a whole plate. As another embodiment, the escape plate 110 may also be a movable plate that can be folded or curled.
  • the escape panel 110 includes a first end 111 and a second end 112.
  • the first end 111 and the building exterior wall 200 may be rotatably connected by a screw having a damping, and the second end 112 is detachably connected to the building exterior wall 200 by the locking member 120, wherein the second end
  • the end 112 may have an "L" shape as shown in FIG. 2, or may have a straight shape.
  • the locking member 120 can be disposed at the window sill of the resident (similar to the locking member for the window), and can restrict the escape panel 110 to prevent the escape panel 110 from being deployed to be flush with the exterior wall 200 of the building.
  • the restriction function of the locking member 120 on the escape plate 110 can be released, so that the escape plate 110 is in an open state. It is worth noting that the locking component 120 corresponding to a certain escape panel 110 can simultaneously cause multiple or all of the escape panels 110 in the same layer and connected to be in an open state.
  • an elastic member can be designed at the locking member 120 to facilitate the quick opening of the escape plate 110 by inertia.
  • the escape system 100 may further include a hoist and the hoist is disposed on the roof of the building, and the hoist is connected to each of the escape boards 110 for removing all fire alarms or hidden dangers.
  • the floor-expanded escape panel 110 is stowed such that the escape panel 110 is again closed and flush with the building exterior wall 200.
  • the hoist can also be configured to be in a free-release operating state when a fire alarm is issued, in which all of the escape panels 110 can be freely released so that the escape panel 110 of each floor is quickly turned on. .
  • One end of the support assembly 130 is connected to the escape plate 110, and the other end is rotatably connected to the building exterior wall 200.
  • the support assembly 130 may be supported from the bottom of the escape panel 110 by a telescopic structure, such as a multi-section sleeve structure or the like.
  • a telescopic structure such as a multi-section sleeve structure or the like.
  • the support assembly 130 When in the first support state, the support assembly 130 is in a stretched state, and when in the second support state, the support assembly 130 is in a contracted state.
  • the support assembly 130 In the second support state, the support assembly 130 can be in a contracted limit state, or a locking structure can be provided to maintain the support assembly 130 a predetermined length.
  • the escape plate 110 drives the support assembly 130 to be flush with the building exterior wall 200; when the escape plate 110 is illuminated by the arrow shown in FIG.
  • the direction indicated by A changes from the closed state to the open state of FIG. 7
  • the second end 112 is separated from the building exterior wall 200 such that the entire escape panel 110 is perpendicular to the building exterior wall 200, and
  • the support assembly 130 is caused to change from the first support state to the second support state.
  • the verticality herein does not necessarily mean absolute vertical.
  • the angle with the building exterior wall 200 may be 90° ⁇ 10°, which is substantially horizontal.
  • one end of the support assembly 130 is movably connected to the escape plate 110.
  • a chute is disposed on the surface of the escape plate 110, and the end of the support assembly 130 is slidably embedded in the chute.
  • the escape plate 110 is switched between the open state and the closed state, the end of the support assembly 130 can be escaped relative to the escape.
  • the plate 110 slides.
  • a stop wall may be provided in the chute to limit the support assembly 130 from continuing to slide outward.
  • an angle limiting structure can be provided for limiting the maximum deployment angle of the support assembly 130, and at the maximum deployment angle the end of the support assembly 130 is just as capable of being in a horizontal state. The bottom surface of the escape plate 110 is resisted.
  • the stop wall and the angle limiting structure may be provided with only one, or both.
  • one end of the support assembly 130 connected to the escape plate 110 may be connected to the lower end surface of the escape plate 110.
  • the support assembly 130 follows the escape plate 110 to change from the direction indicated by the arrow B shown in FIG. 6 to the second support state of FIG. 7, forming a triangle perpendicular to the building.
  • the type of support supports the escape board 110.
  • it may be connected to only one support assembly 130.
  • the connection between the support assembly 130 and the escape panel 110 may be an intermediate position of the escape panel 110.
  • the support assembly 130 may also be associated with the escape board.
  • the upper end surface of 110 is connected.
  • the support assembly 130 may be a steel wire, which acts as a pulling force on the escape plate 110, which can avoid the outdoor air conditioner external platform or the outer balcony pair.
  • the occupation of the position of the support assembly 130 When the steel rope is pulled and the escape board 110, it is oblique to the escape board 110, which may cause safety hazards to the escape personnel.
  • the surface of the steel rope may be coated with a reflective material or a luminous material to remind the escape. Personnel escape across the steel rope to avoid falling.
  • the escape panel 110 when the escape panel 110 is in an open state, it may be flush with the indoor floor of the building, or may be higher than or below the indoor floor. Further, a handle may be provided at the window sill of the resident, the end of the handle being provided with a sharp corner, and when the escape person is in the open state by the unlocking member 120, the handle knocking window can be taken out. Further, the escape system 100 further includes an alarm device connected to the locking component 120. When the escape panel 110 is in an open state, the alarm device can be triggered to perform an alarm, wherein the alarm device can be a speaker.
  • the locking member 120 can only control the state of the plurality of escape plates 110 of the present layer.
  • the locking members 120 in the upper and lower adjacent layers can escape through the connecting rod or the connecting line and the lower layer.
  • the board 110 is connected.
  • the escape board 110 on the M floor is opened, the escape board 110 that can pull the M+1 floor is also in an open state due to the action of the link, since the lower end surface of the escape board 110 is made of the fire insulation layer 114, thereby It can play a role in the isolation of the fire, preventing the fire from spreading to the superstructure through the insulation material, thus preventing the fire from burning up to the upper layer.
  • the connecting rod may form an escape passage in the vertical direction, and the escape person may use the connecting rod Get a chance to escape.
  • the escape system 100 may also be provided with a shower device for connecting the fire pipe network for mitigating the lateral expansion of the fire in the layer.
  • the escape system 100 can also be provided with lighting equipment for night light emergency lighting, and the escape system can be turned on or off in the fire room of the building, and further, when the smoke sensor alarms, it automatically turns on.
  • the smoke alarm layer and the upper escape plate 110 are generated, and intelligent control can be realized.
  • the escape system 100 may also be provided with a surveillance camera system, wherein the escape board and the passage from the escape board to the building are within the field of view of the surveillance camera. And the user can watch the image information acquired by the surveillance camera system through a mobile device such as a mobile phone. Through such a surveillance camera system, the rescue information and the safety status of the residents can be known. For example, you can find out if a thief enters a building through an escape board.
  • the storage device can be separately set to store and back up the image information, or the surveillance camera system can also be connected with the security system of the building, and the storage device of the security system can be used for storage backup.
  • the escape system 100 provided by the first embodiment of the present application includes an escape plate 110, a locking member 120, and a support assembly 130 disposed on a plurality of or all floors of the exterior wall of the building.
  • the escape personnel at each window can open the locking member 120 such that the escape panel 110 of the present layer forms an escape passage around the exterior wall 200 of the building, and the escape personnel can move on the escape panel 110.
  • each floor can enter the fire elevator from the escape board 110, and quickly descend to the ground through the fire elevator, firefighters can also achieve rapid rescue through the escape board 110.
  • the embodiment provides an escape system 100 including an escape panel 110 , a locking component 120 , and a support assembly 130 disposed on a plurality of or all floors of the exterior wall of the building.
  • the escape system 100 can also include a lateral duct 160 and a longitudinal duct 170.
  • At least one of a fire pipe network and a sprinkler device, a fire extinguishing device, a nighttime emergency lighting device, and a camera device may be disposed on the lateral pipe and the longitudinal pipe.
  • the longitudinal duct 170 extends from the top floor of the building to the bottom floor, and is fixed on the wall of the building not facing the window. Of course, some of the front sides of the building are all glass. In this case, the longitudinal duct 170 may be disposed at Any safe wall on the building. As an embodiment, the escape panel 110 of each layer needs to reserve a gap for the escapement personnel to drop for the longitudinal duct 170.
  • the transverse duct 160 is disposed at a window sill of the building exterior wall 200, and the transverse duct 160 is in communication with the longitudinal duct 170.
  • the longitudinal ducts 170 are not necessarily disposed at the position in FIG. 10, but may be disposed at any position of the building.
  • longitudinal ducts 170 of the same building.
  • the longitudinal duct 170 can also be placed on the side of the building exterior wall 200 that is recessed and has no windows, and is best on the windward side of the building.
  • the transverse duct 160 is provided with a transverse chute 161 from one port to the other, the longitudinal duct 170 being provided with a longitudinal chute 171 from one port to the other (top to ground).
  • Each household can be equipped with a descending escape device that can include a friction block and a cord or wearable device that is attached to the friction block.
  • the friction block is disposed in the lateral sliding slot 161 and is larger in size than the lateral sliding slot 161.
  • the frictional block may be only acting on the inner wall of the longitudinal pipe to generate friction, or only acting on the outer wall of the longitudinal pipe to generate friction. Or it can generate friction by acting on the inner wall and the outer wall of the longitudinal pipe.
  • the escaped person can tie the rope indoors or wear the wearable device, then open the escape panel 110, and enter the escape panel 110 by opening the window or hitting the broken glass.
  • the escape personnel can move on the escape plate 110 at full speed due to the traction of the descending escape device.
  • the friction block slides into the longitudinal chute 171 by the transverse chute 161 and passes through the friction block.
  • the longitudinal chute 171 slides so as to descend from the upper layer to the bottom layer. Of course, you can also escape through other unfired units.
  • the area of the lateral duct 160 near the window is provided with an opening facing the roof, and the opening communicates with the lateral chute 161, so that the escape person can insert or remove the friction block in any window.
  • the transverse chute 161 selects an optimal escape route, the opening having a larger size than the friction block.
  • the inner diameter of the longitudinal sliding slot 171 may be smaller than the inner diameter of the lateral sliding groove 161, which is slightly larger than the size of the friction block, so that the escape person increases when sliding downward through the longitudinal sliding slot 171.
  • the friction between the friction block and the longitudinal chute 171 allows the escaper to descend at a constant speed.
  • the longitudinal duct 170 should also be provided with an anti-collision device and an emergency stop device.
  • the lateral duct 160 and the longitudinal duct 170 need to be equipped with a cooling device and an antistatic device.
  • one end of the longitudinal duct 170 near the ground may be connected with a soft slope connected to the ground, and the escape personnel can safely slide down to the ground when descending to the slope position.
  • the longitudinal duct 170 is not limited to the straight duct shown in FIG. 10, but may also be a curved duct, such as an "S" shaped duct and other irregularly shaped curved ducts.
  • the escape system 100 provided by the second embodiment may also be provided with lighting equipment for night light emergency lighting, and the escape system 100 may be turned on or off in the fire room of the building.
  • the escape system 100 provided by the second embodiment of the present application includes an escape plate 110, a locking member 120, a support assembly 130, a lateral duct 160, and a longitudinal duct 170 disposed around a plurality or all floors of the exterior wall of the building.
  • the escape personnel at each window can open the locking member 120 such that the escape panel 110 of the present layer forms an escape passage around the exterior wall 200 of the building, and the escape personnel can move on the escape panel 110.
  • the escape personnel can also quickly move to the longitudinal pipe 170 by sliding the frictional escape device placed in the room, sliding on the lateral chute 161 of the transverse pipe 160 through the friction block, and sliding in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal pipe 170 through the friction block.
  • the groove 171 moves inside, and acts on the inner wall or the outer wall or the inner and outer walls of the longitudinal pipe through the friction block to simultaneously achieve a uniform speed drop to the ground.
  • a rigid link can also be used between the friction block and the wearable device to maintain a safe distance from the longitudinal duct.
  • the escape panels 110 of the escape system provided by this embodiment are all operatively connected to the outer wall of the building.
  • the movable connection is specifically a rotational connection.
  • the first end of the escape plate is slidably connected to the outer wall of the building.
  • the building exterior wall 200 is provided with a recess 210 having an opening penetrating the wall surface.
  • the escape plate 110 is disposed in the groove 210, and can be slidably connected to the groove 210 through a sliding slot or the like to form a drawer structure with the building exterior wall 200.
  • the locking member 120 has an open state and a closed state
  • the escape plate 110 also has an open state and a closed state
  • the support assembly 130 has a first support state and a second support state.
  • the escape board 110 may be disposed at the window of the exterior wall 200 of the building.
  • the escape board 110 may be disposed below the floor or in the floor, and the floor may be facing the escape board. 110 plays a role in stability and load bearing.
  • the structure and arrangement of the support assembly 130 can be referred to any of the above embodiments.
  • the escape plate 110 When the locking member 120 is in the open state, the escape plate 110 is hidden in the groove 210, the support assembly 130 is in the first support state, and the escape plate 110 is flush with the building exterior wall 200; when the locking member 120 is in the closed state, The escape plate 110 protrudes outward from the groove 210 to a preset size, and the support assembly 130 is in a second supporting state to support the escape plate 110. At this time, the escape plate 110 is perpendicular to the building exterior wall 200. All of the escape panels 110 in an extended state surround the building exterior wall 200 to form a closed passage.
  • an elastic member such as a spring, may be disposed within the recess 210.
  • the elastic member is capable of abutting against the inner walls of the escape plate 110 and the recess 210.
  • the elastic member is in a compressed state; when the lock member 120 is unlocked, the escape plate 110 can be quickly ejected under the action of the elastic member.
  • the escape system further includes a positioning mechanism configured to lock the escape plate 110 in an extended state to prevent the escape plate 110 from moving during use.
  • the locking mechanism of the positioning mechanism is detachable, and the locking of the positioning mechanism can be released, and the escape plate 110 is hidden in the groove 210.
  • the positioning mechanism may include an elastic boss and a positioning groove.
  • the escape plate 110 is mounted with an elastic boss that penetrates the lower surface of the escape plate 110, and the upper surface of the escape plate 110 is also attached with a resilient boss connection tab.
  • the groove 210 is provided with respect to the positioning groove.
  • unlocking can also be achieved by an electronically controlled power device, which can increase the efficiency of the escape system reset.
  • the groove 210 can only be disposed only in the area between the load-bearing walls, and cannot be disposed at the load-bearing wall.
  • the two rooms may be parallel.
  • the edge of the escape plate 110 may be provided with a foldable extension plate for connecting due to the load-bearing wall.
  • the two escape plates 110 can be formed in complementary forms as shown in Figures 5A-5C. In Figs. 5A and 5C, the void region is filled with two extension plates, and in Fig. 5B, the void region is filled with an extension plate.
  • the support assembly 130 may be supported from the bottom of the escape plate 110 by using a telescopic structure, such as a multi-section sleeve structure or the like.
  • a telescopic structure such as a multi-section sleeve structure or the like.
  • the support assembly 130 When in the first support state (the escape plate 110 is retracted), the support assembly 130 is in a contracted state, and when in the second support state (the escape plate is extended), the support assembly 130 is in an extended state.
  • the support assembly 130 may be provided with a locking structure such that the support assembly 130 maintains a predetermined length when in the second support state, and of course the second support state may be transitioned back to the first support state by unlocking.
  • the support assembly 130 can be coupled to the outer edge of the escape panel 110. Further, because the preset maximum telescopic length of the support assembly 130 can limit the extension length of the escape plate 110, the support assembly 130 can also replace the above-described positioning mechanism.
  • the present application provides a safe escape system 100, including an escape board 110, a locking component 120, and a support assembly 130 disposed on a plurality of or all floors of a building exterior wall, the escape board 110 surrounding the The exterior wall 200 of the building forms a closed passage 140.
  • the first end 111 of the escape panel 110 is rotatably connected to the exterior wall 200 of the building, and the second end 112 and the exterior wall 200 of the building are passed through the locking component 120.
  • the support assembly 130 has one end connected to the escape plate 110 and the other end being rotatably connected or slidably connected to the building exterior wall 200.
  • the escape personnel at each window can open the locking member 120 such that the escape panel 110 of the present layer forms an escape passage around the exterior wall 200 of the building, and the escape personnel can move on the escape panel 110. Temporarily transferred to the unit where no fire occurred to avoid, waiting for the firefighters to carry out the rescue; if there is no fire near the fire stairs of the building, the escape personnel can also transfer to the fire stairs through the escape board 110, and quickly escape through the fire stairs.
  • the escape personnel can also quickly move to the longitudinal duct 170 by sliding the friction block-lowering escape device placed inside the room, sliding through the friction block on the lateral chute 161 of the transverse duct 160, and passing the friction block in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal duct 170.
  • the chute 171 moves inside to achieve a uniform velocity drop to the bottom layer.
  • the escape system can surround the outer wall of the building to form a closed channel.
  • the escape personnel at each window can open the locking member so that the escape panel of the floor forms an escape passage around the outer wall of the building.
  • the escape personnel can move through the escape board and temporarily transfer to Units that do not have a fire escape, waiting for firefighters to carry out rescue; if there is no fire near the fire stairs of other units in the building, the escape personnel can also transfer to the fire stairs of other units through the escape board and quickly escape through the fire stairs.
  • the escape link attached to the longitudinal direction of the wall is lowered to the ground through the horizontally disposed escape link under the sill.

Abstract

一种逃生系统，包括设置于建筑物外墙(200)多个或所有楼层四周的逃生板(110)、锁定部件(120)、支撑组件(130)。逃生板(110)包围建筑物外墙(200)形成封闭通道，逃生板(110)的第一端与所述建筑物外墙(200)转动连接，第二端与所述建筑物外墙(200)通过所述锁定部件(120)可拆卸连接，所述支撑组件(130)的一端与所述逃生板(110)连接，另一端与所述建筑物外墙(200)可活动地连接，例如转动连接或滑动连接。当发生火灾时，处于每一个窗口的逃生人员都可以通过打开锁定部件(120)，使得本层的逃生板(110)形成一个围绕建筑物外墙(200)四周的逃生通道，逃生人员可以通过在逃生板(110)上移动，暂时转移到未发生火灾的单元进行躲避，等待消防队员实施救助；若该建筑物其它单元的消防楼梯附近未发生火灾，逃生人员还可以通过逃生板(110)转移到其它单元的消防楼梯处，通过消防楼梯快速逃生。

Description

一种安全逃生系统
本申请要求于2017年10月11日提交中国专利局的申请号为CN201710940099.7、名称为“一种安全逃生系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明本申请涉及一种安全逃生系统，特别是涉及一种安全逃生系统。
背景技术
现有的高楼在发生火灾时极易形成烟囱效应，在火灾事故中因吸入有毒气体而导致死亡的占75％左右，而相应的消防设施在住户自救逃生方面设置过少，容易造成伦敦火灾事故重演，留给住户最佳的自行逃生时间只有几分钟时间。而消防车到达后再投入救援，导致救援时间较长，可能错过最佳救援时间，即便来了之后云梯不够高也成为问题。或存在具备别的救生设备的窗口一旦被大火阻挡，无法逃生，造成不可估量的后果。
发明内容
本申请的目的之一在于提供一种逃生系统，其能够在一定程度上解决上述问题。
本申请的实施例是这样实现的：
本申请提供了一种逃生系统，包括设置于建筑物外墙多个或所有楼层四周的逃生板、锁定部件、支撑组件，所述逃生板包围所述建筑物外墙的封闭通道，所述逃生板的第一端与所述建筑物外墙转动连接，第二端与所述建筑物外墙通过所述锁定部件可拆卸连接，所述支撑组件的一端与所述逃生板连接，另一端与所述建筑物外墙转动连接，所述逃生板具有开启状态以及关闭状态，所述支撑组件具有第一支撑状态以及第二支撑状态，当所述逃生板处于关闭状态时，所述逃生板带动所述支撑组件与所述建筑物外墙齐平，当所述逃生板处于开启状态时，所述第二端与所述建筑物外墙分离，使得整个所述逃生板与所述建筑物外墙垂直，并带动所述支撑组件从第一支撑状态变化到第二支撑状态。
本申请还提供了一种逃生系统，包括设置于建筑物外墙多个或所有楼层四周的逃生板、锁定部件、支撑组件，所述逃生板包围所述建筑物外墙形成封闭通道，所述逃生板的第一端与所述建筑物外墙可活动地连接，所述逃生板的第二端与所述建筑物外墙通过所述锁定 部件可拆卸连接，所述支撑组件的两端分别与所述逃生板及所述建筑物外墙连接，所述逃生板具有开启状态以及关闭状态，所述支撑组件具有第一支撑状态以及第二支撑状态，当所述逃生板处于关闭状态时，所述逃生板带动所述支撑组件与所述建筑物外墙齐平，当所述逃生板处于开启状态时，所述第二端与所述建筑物外墙分离，使得整个所述逃生板与所述建筑物外墙垂直，并带动所述支撑组件从第一支撑状态变化到第二支撑状态。
本申请还提供了一种逃生系统，包括设置于建筑物外墙多个或所有楼层四周的逃生板、锁定部件、支撑组件，所述建筑物外墙上设置凹槽，所述逃生板的第一端设置在所述凹槽内，与所述凹槽滑动连接，所述逃生板的第二端通过所述支撑组件与所述建筑物外墙进行连接；所述锁定部件设置在所述建筑物上与所述逃生板连接，所述锁定部件具有开启状态和关闭状态，所述逃生板具有收缩状态以及伸展状态，所述支撑组件具有第一支撑状态以及第二支撑状态，当所述锁定部件处于开启状态时，所述逃生板处于收缩状态，所述逃生板带动所述支撑组件处于第一支撑状态，所述逃生板的第二端与所述建筑物外墙齐平；当锁定部件处于关闭状态时所，所述逃生板从所述凹槽内相对所述建筑物外墙水平弹出处于伸展状态，所述逃生板带动所述支撑组件处于第二支撑状态，所述逃生板的第二端远离所述建筑物外墙，使得整个所述逃生板与地面呈水平状态，所有处于所述伸展状态的所述逃生板包围所述建筑物外墙形成封闭通道。
本申请实施例的有益效果包括：本申请实施例提供了一种逃生系统，该逃生系统包括设置于建筑物外墙多个或所有楼层四周的逃生板、锁定部件、支撑组件。所述逃生板包围所述建筑物外墙形成封闭通道，所述逃生板的第一端与所述建筑物外墙可活动地连接，第二端与所述建筑物外墙通过所述锁定部件可拆卸连接，所述支撑组件的一端与所述逃生板连接，另一端与所述建筑物外墙转动连接。当发生火灾时，处于每一个窗口的逃生人员都可以通过打开锁定部件，使得本层的逃生板形成一个围绕建筑物外墙四周的逃生通道，逃生人员可以通过在逃生板上移动，暂时转移到未发生火灾的单元进行躲避，等待消防队员实施救助；若该建筑物其它单元的消防楼梯附近未发生火灾，逃生人员还可以通过逃生板转移到其它单元消防楼梯处，通过消防楼梯快速逃生。若发生较大火灾或不能通过其它单元消防楼梯逃生，则通过外墙窗台下的横向设置的逃生连杆连接依附于墙体的纵向设置的逃生连杆匀速下降至地面。通过打开本层和上层逃生板，形成无障碍水平环形逃生通道和救援通道，并且尽可能阻止火灾通过保温层或窗户向上层漫延。
本申请的其他特征和优点将在随后的说明书阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本申请实施例而了解。本申请的目的和其他优点可通过在所写的说明 书、权利要求书以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1是本申请第一实施例提供的一种逃生系统的结构示意图；
图2是本申请第一实施例提供的一种逃生系统的逃生板的一种状态示意图；
图3是本申请第一实施例提供的一种逃生系统的逃生板的另一种状态示意图；
图4是本申请第一实施例提供的一种逃生系统的封闭通道的结构示意图；
图5是本申请第一实施例提供的一种逃生系统的逃生板之间连接的示意图；
图6是本申请第一实施例提供的一种逃生系统的逃生板的一种状态变化示意图；
图7是本申请第一实施例提供的一种逃生系统的逃生板的另一种状态变化示意图；
图8是本申请第一实施例提供的一种逃生系统的一种支撑组件的结构示意图；
图9是本申请第一实施例提供的一种逃生系统的相邻层的锁定部件的连接示意图；
图10是本申请第二实施例提供的一种逃生系统的结构示意图；
图11是本申请第二实施例提供的图10中a的局部放大示意图；
图12是本申请第二实施例提供的一种逃生系统的的逃生板的一种状态示意图，支撑组件采用顶部牵拉方式；
图13是本申请第二实施例提供的一种逃生系统的的逃生板的另一种状态示意图，支撑组件采用顶部牵拉方式；
图14是本申请第二实施例提供的一种逃生系统的的逃生板的一种状态示意图，支撑组件采用底部支撑方式；
图15是本申请第二实施例提供的一种逃生系统的的逃生板的另一种状态示意图，支撑 组件采用底部支撑方式。
图标：100-逃生系统；110-逃生板；111-第一端；112-第二端；113-承重层；114-防火隔热层；120-锁定部件；130-支撑组件；140-封闭通道；160-横向管道；161-横向滑槽；170-纵向管道；171-纵向滑槽；200-建筑物外墙；210-凹槽。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围，而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，术语“水平”、“竖直”、“悬垂”等术语并不表示要求部件绝对水平或悬垂，而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平，并不是表示该结构一定要完全水平，而是可以稍微倾斜。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
第一实施例
请结合图1、图2以及图3，本实施例提供一种逃生系统100，其包括设置于建筑物外墙200的多个或所有楼层四周的逃生板110、锁定部件120以及支撑组件130。
所述逃生板110具有开启状态以及关闭状态，所述支撑组件130具有第一支撑状态以及第二支撑状态。逃生板110设置在建筑物外墙200的窗户处，当逃生板110处于开启状态时，宽度可以达到0.8米或者1.2米以上，既有利于竖向窗户设计，也符合最新的高层建筑消防设计规范。
其中，所述同一楼层的多个逃生板110可以同时保持所述开启状态或者所述关闭状态，也可以分段保持所述开启状态或者所述关闭状态。进一步地，请查看图4以及图5(图中虚线代表逃生板110)，当同一楼层的多个逃生板110同时处于开启状态时，可以包围所述建筑物外墙200从而形成一个与所述建筑物外墙200连接的环形封闭通道140，封闭通道140在建筑物的四周是连通的。处于同一楼层的多个逃生板110在连接成环形封闭通道140时，可以如图5中A所示的在间隙处额外增加一个支撑板，也可以如图5中B中所示的在一块逃生板110的内角处减少一个区域，还可以如图5中C中所示的，用两块逃生板110形成互补的形式，这些设计有利于位于相邻墙面的逃生板110在墙角处能够形成连续的逃生通道，也就有利于逃生者通过逃生板110顺利通过墙角处。
更进一步地，所述逃生板110具有承重以及防火隔热的作用。作为一种实施方式，继续参看图2，当所述建筑物外墙200由玻璃材质制成时，所述逃生板110可以包括承重层113以及防火隔热层114，所述承重层113与所述防火隔热层114之间中空隔热，其中防火隔热层114可以采用气凝胶制作或者一些既能够透光有具有防火隔热作用的材料制作，承重层113可以采用隔热钢化玻璃制作。进一步地，其中防火隔热层114位于逃生板110的第一表面，而承重层113位于逃生板110的第二表面，其中第二表面是指逃生板110水平展开后逃生者直接接触的表面，而第一表面是与第二表面相对的表面。例如图2中所展示的状态下，防火隔热层114位于逃生板110的下表面(即第一表面)，承重层113位于逃生板110的上表面(即第二表面)。建筑外墙面是火苗上窜的重要路径，逃生板110水平展开后，相当于在该路径上设置了障碍物，能够在一定程度隔绝火苗上窜。另一方面，如果逃生板110的下方有火苗时(例如火苗从下层窗口处窜出)，下表面设置有防火隔热层的逃生板110升温较慢，能够进一步降低逃生难度。
承重层113与防火隔热层114之间可以采用中空结构，能够起到隔热作用，该中空结 构可以具有与外界连通的压力平衡孔。在其他实施例中，承重层113与防火隔热层114之间也可以填充阻燃且隔热的材料做成非中空结构，例如隔热棉或者气凝胶等。也或者，承重层113与防火隔热层114之间也可以采用中空结构结合填充隔热材料。
进一步地，建筑物自带的玻璃窗或玻璃幕墙也可作为逃生板110的加固设计，通过锁定部件120和支撑组件130转动连接形成封闭逃生通道。作为另一种实施方式，当所述建筑物外墙200由非玻璃材质制成时，所述逃生板110可以是由具有承重、隔热、防火以及保温于一体的复合材料制成，逃生板110以内的墙体不再需要作保温处理，也就自然形成了横向的保温层隔断，这对于建筑物的防火至关重要。当所述逃生板110处于所述开启状态时，所述防火隔热层114朝向地面，用于隔绝火焰，防止火焰向上蔓延。所述防火隔热层114朝向地面的一面可以设置成与建筑物外墙200同一个颜色，当逃生板110处于关闭状态时，与整个建筑物融为一体，不影响大楼的美观。
作为一种实施方式，所述逃生板110可以是一块整板，作为另一种实施方式，所述逃生板110还可以是可以折叠或者可以卷曲的活动板。
继续参看图2，所述逃生板110包括第一端111以及第二端112。所述第一端111与所述建筑物外墙200可以通过具有阻尼的螺钉转动连接，第二端112与所述建筑物外墙200通过所述锁定部件120可拆卸连接，其中所述第二端112可以呈图2所示的“L”形，也可以呈直线形。该锁定部件120可以设置在住户的窗台处(类似于对窗户的锁定件)，可以对逃生板110起到限制作用，防止逃生板110展开而与所述建筑物外墙200保持齐平，当住户发现发生火灾时，可以解除锁定部件120对逃生板110的限制作用，使得逃生板110处于开启状态。值得指出的是，某一块逃生板110对应的锁定部件120可以同时使得处于同一层且连接的多个或所有逃生板110处于开启状态。
进一步地，可以在锁定部件120处设计弹性件，从而方便逃生板110能够借助惯性快速打开。更进一步地，所述逃生系统100还可以包括卷扬机，并将卷扬机设置在建筑物的楼顶，该卷扬机与每一层所述逃生板110连接，用于在解除消防警报或隐患时，将所有楼层展开的逃生板110收起，使得逃生板110再次处于关闭状态与建筑物外墙200保持齐平。在其他实施例中，也可以将卷扬机配置成在发出消防警报时处于自由释放工作状态，该工作状态下，可以自由释放所有的逃生板110，以使每个楼层的逃生板110迅速处于开启状态。当然，还可以在每一个楼层均设置逃生板110收起组件，此时的收起组件需要与每一层的逃生板110连接，从而实现每一层的逃生板110联动。
所述支撑组件130的一端与所述逃生板110连接，另一端与所述建筑物外墙200转动连接。
请参看图6以及图7，所述支撑组件130可以采用伸缩结构从逃生板110的底部进行支撑，例如多节套筒结构等。当处于第一支撑状态时，支撑组件130处于拉伸状态，当处于第二支撑状态时，支撑组件130处于收缩状态。处于第二支撑状态时，支撑组件130可以处于收缩的极限状态，或者设置锁定结构以使支撑组件130保持预设的长度。
当所述逃生板110处于图6的关闭状态时，所述逃生板110带动所述支撑组件130处与所述建筑物外墙200齐平；当所述逃生板110由图6所示的箭头A所示方向从关闭状态变化到图7的开启状态时，所述第二端112与所述建筑物外墙200分离，使得整个所述逃生板110与所述建筑物外墙200垂直，并带动所述支撑组件130从第一支撑状态变化到第二支撑状态。值得指出的是，此处的垂直并不一定指绝对垂直，当逃生板110处于开启状态时，与建筑物外墙200的角度可以是90°±10°，基本处于水平。
进一步地，所述支撑组件130的一端与所述逃生板110可活动地连接。例如，在逃生板110的表面设置滑槽，支撑组件130的端部滑动嵌设在滑槽内，逃生板110在开启状态和关闭状态之间切换时，支撑组件130的端部可以相对于逃生板110滑动。进一步地，为了起到更好的支撑效果，在一种可选实施例中，可以在滑槽内设置止挡壁，以限制支撑组件130继续向外滑动。当逃生板110处于水平状态时，支撑组件130的端部正好与止挡壁抵持。在另一种可选实施例中，可以设置角度限制结构，该角度限制结构用于限制支撑组件130的最大展开角度，并且在最大展开角度时支撑组件130的端部正好能够与处于水平状态的逃生板110的底面抵持。当然止挡壁和角度限制结构可以只设置其一，或者两者均有。
作为一种实施方式，所述支撑组件130与所述逃生板110连接的一端，可以与所述逃生板110的下端面进行连接。当所述逃生板110处于开启状态时，所述支撑组件130跟随所述逃生板110由图6所示的箭头B所示方向变化到图7的第二支撑状态，形成一个与大楼垂直的三角型支撑，对逃生板110起到支撑作用。对于一块逃生板110而言，可以只与一个支撑组件130连接，此时，该支撑组件130与逃生板110的连接处可以是逃生板110的中间位置，当然，对于一块逃生板110而言，还可以同时与两个或者多个支撑组件130连接，以增加逃生板110的安全性。
由于有时候建筑外墙有室外空调外接平台或者外阳台，会对支撑组件130的状态转换 造成影响，作为另一种实施方式，请参看图8，所述支撑组件130也可以与所述逃生板110的上端面进行连接。当支撑组件130与所述逃生板110的上端面进行连接时，可以在所述支撑组件130可以是钢绳，对逃生板110起到拉扯的作用，这可以避免室外空调外接平台或者外阳台对支撑组件130位置的占用。由于钢绳处拉扯与逃生板110时，与逃生板110呈斜角，可能会对逃生人员造成安全隐患，为了避免这一问题，钢绳的表面可以涂有反光材料或者夜光材料，以便提醒逃生人员跨过钢绳进行逃生，避免摔倒。
值得指出的是，当所述逃生板110处于开启状态时，可以与建筑物的室内地面平齐，也可高于或底于室内地面。进一步地，可以在住户的窗台处设置一个手柄，该手柄的端部设有尖角，当逃生人员在通过解除锁定部件120使得逃生板110处于开启状态时，可以取出手柄敲击窗户。更进一步地，所述逃生系统100还包括报警装置，所述报警装置与所述锁定部件120连接，当逃生板110处于开启状态时，可以触发报警装置进行报警，其中，报警装置可以是扬声器。
锁定部件120可只控制本层的多个逃生板110的状态，作为一种实施方式，请参看图9，处于上下相邻层的所述锁定部件120可以通过连杆或者连线与下层的逃生板110进行连接。当处于M楼层的逃生板110打开后，由于连杆的作用，可以牵引M+1楼层的逃生板110也处于开启状态，由于逃生板110的下端面是由防火隔热层114制成，从而可以对火灾起到一个隔离的作用，防止火灾通过保温材料蔓延到上层建筑造成更大的危害，从而阻止了火势向上层燃烧。进一步地，当上下相邻层的所述锁定部件120通过连杆与下层的逃生板110进行连接后，所述连杆可以在竖直方向上可以形成一个逃生通道，逃生人员可以借助于连杆获取逃生的机会。
作为一种实施方式，逃生系统100还可以设置有用于连接消防管网的喷淋装置，用于缓解火势在本层横向扩张。
作为一种实施方式，逃生系统100还可以设置有用于夜间灯光应急照明的照明设备，同时逃生系统可以在建筑物的消防室内实现开启或关闭，更进一步地，当烟感装置报警时，自动开启发生烟感报警层和上层的逃生板110，可实现智能控制。
作为一种实施方式，逃生系统100还可以设置有监控摄像系统，其中逃生板及从逃生板通往建筑物内的通道均在监控摄像头的视野范围内。并且用户可以通过手机等移动设备观看监控摄像系统获取的影像信息。通过这样的监控摄像系统可以了解救援信息以及住户的安全状况。例如，可以了解是否有小偷通过逃生板进入建筑物内等。可以单独设置储存 设备对影像信息进行存储备份，或者监控摄像系统也可以和建筑的安防系统相连接，借助安防系统的存储设备进行存储备份。
本申请第一实施例提供的逃生系统100，包括设置于建筑物外墙200多个或所有楼层四周的逃生板110、锁定部件120、支撑组件130。当发生火灾时，处于每一个窗口的逃生人员都可以通过打开锁定部件120，使得本层的逃生板110形成一个围绕建筑物外墙200四周的逃生通道，逃生人员可以通过在逃生板110上移动，暂时转移到未发生火灾的单元进行躲避，等待消防队员实施救助；若该建筑物的消防楼梯附近未发生火灾，逃生人员还可以通过逃生板110转移到消防楼梯处，通过消防楼梯快速逃生。或者在建筑物适合的位置设置消防电梯，每一层均可从逃生板110进入消防电梯，通过消防电梯快速下降至地面，消防人员也可以通过逃生板110实现快速救援。
第二实施例
请参照图10以及图11，本实施例提供一种逃生系统100，其包括设置于建筑物外墙200多个或所有楼层四周的逃生板110、锁定部件120、支撑组件130。本实施例与第一实施例的主要区别在于，逃生系统100还可以包括横向管道160以及纵向管道170。所述横向管道和纵向管道上可以设置消防管网和喷淋装置、灭火装置、夜间应急照明装置和摄像装置中的至少一种。
所述纵向管道170从建筑物的顶楼延伸到底楼，固定在建筑物不临窗户的墙体上，当然，有些建筑物的一个正面全是玻璃，此时，可以将所述纵向管道170设置在建筑物的任何处于安全的墙体上。作为一种实施方式，每一层的所述逃生板110都需要为纵向管道170预留逃生人员下降的缺口。所述横向管道160设置在所述建筑物外墙200的窗台处，且所述横向管道160与所述纵向管道170连通。当然，纵向管道170不一定只是设置在图10中的位置，也可以设置在建筑物的任一位置，进一步地，同一栋建筑物的纵向管道170还可以有多个。当然，所述纵向管道170还可以设置在建筑物外墙200凹进且无窗户的一侧，且处于建筑的迎风面最好。
所述横向管道160上设置有从一个端口到另一个端口的横向滑槽161，所述纵向管道170上设置有从一个端口到另一个端口(楼顶到地面)的纵向滑槽171。每户家庭可以配备缓降逃生设备，可以包括摩擦块以及与摩擦块连接的绳子或穿戴设备。该摩擦块设置在所述横向滑槽161内，且尺寸比所述横向滑槽161大，该摩擦块可以是只作用于纵向管道内壁产生摩擦力、或者只作用于纵向管道外壁产生摩擦力、或者是通过作用于纵向管道内壁 和外壁共同产生摩擦力。当发生火灾后，逃生人员可以在室内栓好绳子或者穿戴好穿戴设备，然后打开逃生板110，通过打开窗户或敲击碎玻璃进入到逃生板110上。由于有缓降逃生设备的牵引，逃生人员可以全速在逃生板110上移动，当逃生人员移动到纵向管道170时，摩擦块由横向滑槽161滑动到纵向滑槽171内，并通过摩擦块在纵向滑槽171内滑动，从而从高层缓匀速下降到底层。当然也可以通过其它未着火的单元逃生。
作为一种实施方式，所述横向管道160靠近窗户的区域设置有朝向楼顶的开口，所述开口与所述横向滑槽连通161，方便逃生人员在任何一个窗户都可以将摩擦块插入或者取出所述横向滑槽161，从而选择最佳的逃生途径，所述开口的尺寸大于所述摩擦块。
作为一种实施方式，所述纵向滑槽171的内径尺寸可以小于所述横向滑槽161的内径尺寸，略大于摩擦块的尺寸，使得逃生人员在通过纵向滑槽171向下滑动时，增大摩擦块与纵向滑槽171的摩擦力，从而使得逃生人员可以匀速下降。当逃生人员实现匀速缓降时，可以达到不同体重的匀速下降，速度可以达到1-3m/s，匀速下降，防止了多个逃生人员的碰撞。值得指出的是，纵向管道170上还应该设置有防撞装置以及紧急停止装置，此外，横向管道160以及纵向管道170需要安装降温装置以及防止静电装置。
作为一种实施方式，所述纵向管道170靠近地面的一端可以连接有与地面连接的软质斜坡，逃生人员在下降到斜坡位置时，可以安全滑落到地面。
作为一种实施方式，所述纵向管道170不仅仅局限于图10所示的直线管道，还可以采用曲线形状的管道，例如“S”形的管道以及其他不规则形状的弯曲管道。
作为一种实施方式，第二实施例提供的逃生系统100还可以设置有用于夜间灯光应急照明的照明设备，同时逃生系统100可以在建筑物的消防室内实现开启或关闭。
本申请第二实施例提供的逃生系统100，包括设置于建筑物外墙200多个或所有楼层四周的逃生板110、锁定部件120、支撑组件130、横向管道160以及纵向管道170。当发生火灾时，处于每一个窗口的逃生人员都可以通过打开锁定部件120，使得本层的逃生板110形成一个围绕建筑物外墙200四周的逃生通道，逃生人员可以通过在逃生板110上移动，暂时转移到未发生火灾的房间或单元进行躲避，等待消防队员实施救助；若该建筑物的消防楼梯附近未发生火灾，逃生人员还可以通过逃生板110转移到消防楼梯处，通过消防楼梯快速逃生。此外，逃生人员还可以通过穿戴放置在室内的缓降逃生设备，通过摩擦块在横向管道160的横向滑槽161上滑动快速移动到纵向管道170处，并通过摩擦块在纵向管道170的纵向滑槽171内移动，通过摩擦块作用于纵向管道的内壁或外壁或内外壁同 时作用，实现匀速下降到地面。摩擦块与穿戴设备之间也可用一硬质连杆连接，这样可与纵向管道之间保持一定的安全距离。
第三实施例
本实施例提供的逃生系统的逃生板110均是与建筑物外墙可活地连接。上述实施例中，可活动连接的方式具体地为转动连接，在本实施例中所述逃生板的第一端与所述建筑物外墙可滑动地连接。
进一步地，如图12和图13所示，建筑物外墙200上设置有凹槽210，凹槽210具有贯穿墙面的开口。所述逃生板110设置在所述凹槽210内，可以与所述凹槽210通过滑槽等方式滑动连接，与建筑物外墙200形成抽屉式结构。
所述锁定部件120具有开启状态以及关闭状态，所述逃生板110也具有开启状态以及关闭状态，所述支撑组件130具有第一支撑状态以及第二支撑状态。逃生板110可以设置在建筑物外墙200的窗户处，当然，当建筑物外墙200为门窗和墙体结构时，可以将逃生板110设置在楼板的下方或者楼板内，楼板可以对逃生板110起到稳固和承重的作用。支撑组件130的结构及设置形式可以参照上述任一实施例。
当锁定部件120处于开启状态时，逃生板110隐藏于凹槽210内，支撑组件130处于第一支撑状态，逃生板110与建筑物外墙200保持齐平；当锁定部件120处于关闭状态时，逃生板110从凹槽210向外伸出至预设尺寸，支撑组件130处于第二支撑状态，对逃生板110起到支撑作用，此时，逃生板110与所述建筑物外墙200垂直，所有处于伸展状态的逃生板110包围所述建筑物外墙200形成封闭通道。
为了使逃生板110能够更快地伸出墙体外，可以在凹槽210内设置弹性部件(图中未示出)，例如弹簧。弹性部件能够与逃生板110和凹槽210的内壁抵持。当逃生板110隐藏在凹槽210内部时，弹性部件处于压缩状态；当锁定部件120解除锁定时，在弹性部件的作用下，逃生板110能够迅速弹出。
进一步地，逃生系统还包括定位机构，该定位机构被配置成将逃生板110锁定在伸出状态，以免逃生板110在使用时发生移动。定位机构对逃生板110的锁定是可解除，可以解除定位机构的锁定，将逃生板110隐藏在凹槽210内。进一步地，定位机构可以包括弹性凸台与定位槽。例如在逃生板110安装贯穿逃生板110下表面的弹性凸台，同时逃生板110的上表面还安装有与弹性凸台连接拉环。凹槽210设置对于的定位槽。当逃生板向外 伸出至预设尺寸时，弹性凸台的位置正好与定位槽相对，弹性凸台在自身弹性力作用下向下运动并伸入定位槽内实现定位；当需要将逃生板110隐藏在凹槽210内时，向上拉起拉环，就可以解除定位结构的锁定。在一些实施例中，也可以通过电控的动力设备来实现解锁，这样能够提高逃生系统复位的效率。
其中，这种凹槽210通常只能设置在承重墙之间的区域，不能设置在承重墙处，处于同一楼层的多个逃生板110在连接成环形封闭通道140时，可能因为平行两个房间之间存在承重墙而导致环形封闭通道140存在间隙，为了解决这个问题，优选的，所述逃生板110的边缘可以设置有可折叠延伸板，所述可折叠延伸板用于连接由于承重墙的存在而造成的空隙。优选的，可以如图5A-图5C中所示的，用两块逃生板110形成互补的形式。图5A和图5C中，用两块延伸板填充空隙区域，图5B中，用一块延伸板填充空隙区域。
进一步地，如图14和图15所示，在本申请的部分实施例中，所述支撑组件130可以采用伸缩结构从逃生板110的底部进行支撑，例如多节套筒结构等。当处于第一支撑状态(逃生板110缩回)时，支撑组件130处于收缩状态，当处于第二支撑状态(逃生板伸出)时，支撑组件130处于伸展状态。支撑组件130可以设置锁定结构，以使处于第二支撑状态时支撑组件130保持预设的长度，当然也可以通过解除锁定使第二支撑状态转变回到第一支撑状态。进一步地，为了让逃生板110尽可能多地隐藏于凹槽210内，支撑组件130可以连接于逃生板110的外侧边缘。进一步地，因为支撑组件130的预设最大伸缩长度可以限制逃生板110的伸出长度，所以支撑组件130也可以替代上述定位机构。
综上所述，本申请提供一种安全逃生系统100，包括设置于建筑物外墙200多个或所有楼层四周的逃生板110、锁定部件120、支撑组件130，所述逃生板110包围所述建筑物外墙200形成封闭通道140，所述逃生板110的第一端111与所述建筑物外墙200转动连接，第二端112与所述建筑物外墙200通过所述锁定部件120可拆卸连接，所述支撑组件130的一端与所述逃生板110连接，另一端与所述建筑物外墙200转动连接或者滑动连接。当发生火灾时，处于每一个窗口的逃生人员都可以通过打开锁定部件120，使得本层的逃生板110形成一个围绕建筑物外墙200四周的逃生通道，逃生人员可以通过在逃生板110上移动，暂时转移到未发生火灾的单元进行躲避，等待消防队员实施救助；若该建筑物的消防楼梯附近未发生火灾，逃生人员还可以通过逃生板110转移到消防楼梯处，通过消防楼梯快速逃生。逃生人员还可以通过穿戴放置在室内的摩擦块-缓降逃生设备，通过摩擦块在横向管道160的横向滑槽161上滑动快速移动到纵向管道170处，并通过摩擦块在纵向管道170的纵向滑槽171内移动，实现匀速下降到底层。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
本申请实施例提供的逃生系统能够包围所述建筑物外墙形成封闭通道。当发生火灾时，处于每一个窗口的逃生人员都可以通过打开锁定部件，使得本层的逃生板形成一个围绕建筑物外墙四周的逃生通道，逃生人员可以通过在逃生板上移动，暂时转移到未发生火灾的单元进行躲避，等待消防队员实施救助；若该建筑物其它单元的消防楼梯附近未发生火灾，逃生人员还可以通过逃生板转移到其它单元消防楼梯处，通过消防楼梯快速逃生。若发生较大火灾或不能通过其它单元消防楼梯逃生，则通过外墙窗台下的横向设置的逃生连杆连接依附于墙体的纵向设置的逃生连杆匀速下降至地面。通过打开本层和上层逃生板，形成无障碍水平环形逃生通道和救援通道，并且尽可能阻止火灾通过保温层或窗户向上层漫延。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种逃生系统，其特征在于，包括设置于建筑物外墙多个或所有楼层四周的逃生板、锁定部件、支撑组件，所述逃生板包围所述建筑物外墙形成封闭通道，所述逃生板的第一端与所述建筑物外墙转动连接，第二端与所述建筑物外墙通过所述锁定部件可拆卸连接，所述支撑组件的一端与所述逃生板连接，另一端与所述建筑物外墙转动连接，所述逃生板具有开启状态以及关闭状态，所述支撑组件具有第一支撑状态以及第二支撑状态，当所述逃生板处于关闭状态时，所述逃生板带动所述支撑组件与所述建筑物外墙齐平，当所述逃生板处于开启状态时，所述第二端与所述建筑物外墙分离，使得整个所述逃生板与所述建筑物外墙垂直，并带动所述支撑组件从第一支撑状态变化到第二支撑状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述支撑组件的一端与所述逃生板的上端面或者下端面连接，另一端与所述建筑物外墙转动连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述逃生板处于开启状态时，或者高于建筑物的室内地面、或者低于建筑物的室内地面或者与建筑物的室内地面平齐。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，处于同一层的多个所述逃生板同时保持所述开启状态或者所述关闭状态，或者处于同一层的多个所述逃生板分段保持所述开启状态或者所述关闭状态。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，处于上下层的所述锁定部件与所述下层的逃生板通过连杆或者连线连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，每一层逃生板外侧的所述连杆连接成一个竖直方向的逃生通道。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述锁定部件或者支撑组件上设置有弹性件，用于快速打开所述逃生板。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述逃生系统还包括卷扬机，所述卷扬机与每一层的所述逃生板连接，或者所述逃生系统还包括多个收起组件，所述收起组件与同层的所述逃生板连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述逃生系统还包括横向管道以及纵向管道，所述横向管道上设置有从一个端口到另一个端口的横向滑槽，所述纵向 管道上设置有从一个端口到另一个端口的纵向滑槽，所述横向管道设置在所述建筑物外墙的窗台处，所述横向管道靠近窗户的区域设置有朝向楼顶的开口，所述开口与所述横向滑槽连通，所述开口用于放入带有摩擦块的缓降逃生设备，所述开口的尺寸大于所述摩擦块，所述纵向管道固定在墙体上或处于逃生板外侧并通向地面，且所述横向管道与所述纵向管道连通，所述纵向滑槽与每一层的所述横向滑槽连通，所述纵向滑槽的尺寸小于所述摩擦块，摩擦块通过作用于纵向管道滑槽的内壁或管道外壁或同时作用产生摩擦力。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述纵向滑槽内径的尺寸小于所述横向滑槽内径的尺寸。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述纵向管道靠近地面或者屋面的一端连接有与地面或者屋面连接的软质斜坡。
  12. 根据权利要求9-11任一项所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述纵向管道是垂直管道或者是弯曲管道。
  13. 根据权利要求9-12任一项所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述横向管道和纵向管道上设置有消防管网和喷淋装置、灭火装置、夜间应急照明装置和摄像装置。
  14. 根据权利要求9-13任一项所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述逃生系统还包括玻璃窗或玻璃幕墙，所述玻璃窗或者所述玻璃幕墙作为所述逃生板的加固设计，通过所述锁定部件和所述支撑组件转动连接形成封闭逃生通道。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述逃生板通过建筑物消防室来控制开启或者关闭，实现智能控制。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15任一项所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述逃生板可折叠或者可卷曲。
  17. 根据权利要求1-16任一项所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述逃生板包括承重层以及防火隔热层，当所述逃生板处于所述开启状态时，所述防火隔热层朝向地面。
  18. 根据权利要求1-17任一项所述的逃生系统，其特征在于，所述逃生系统还包括报警装置，所述报警装置与所述锁定部件连接。
  19. 一种逃生系统，其特征在于，包括设置于建筑物外墙多个或所有楼层四周的逃生板、锁定部件、支撑组件，所述逃生板包围所述建筑物外墙形成封闭通道，所述逃生板的第一 端与所述建筑物外墙可活地连接，所述逃生板的第二端与所述建筑物外墙通过所述锁定部件可拆卸连接，所述支撑组件的两端分别与所述逃生板及所述建筑物外墙连接，所述逃生板具有开启状态以及关闭状态，所述支撑组件具有第一支撑状态以及第二支撑状态，当所述逃生板处于关闭状态时，所述逃生板带动所述支撑组件与所述建筑物外墙齐平，当所述逃生板处于开启状态时，所述第二端与所述建筑物外墙分离，使得整个所述逃生板与所述建筑物外墙垂直，并带动所述支撑组件从第一支撑状态变化到第二支撑状态。
  20. 一种逃生系统，其特征在于，包括设置于建筑物外墙多个或所有楼层四周的逃生板、锁定部件、支撑组件，所述建筑物外墙上设置凹槽，所述逃生板的第一端设置在所述凹槽内，与所述凹槽滑动连接，所述逃生板的第二端通过所述支撑组件与所述建筑物外墙进行连接；所述锁定部件设置在所述建筑物上与所述逃生板连接，所述锁定部件具有开启状态和关闭状态，所述逃生板具有收缩状态以及伸展状态，所述支撑组件具有第一支撑状态以及第二支撑状态，当所述锁定部件处于开启状态时，所述逃生板处于收缩状态，所述逃生板带动所述支撑组件处于第一支撑状态，所述逃生板的第二端与所述建筑物外墙齐平；当锁定部件处于关闭状态时所，所述逃生板从所述凹槽内相对所述建筑物外墙水平弹出处于伸展状态，所述逃生板带动所述支撑组件处于第二支撑状态，所述逃生板的第二端远离所述建筑物外墙，使得整个所述逃生板与地面呈水平状态，所有处于所述伸展状态的所述逃生板包围所述建筑物外墙形成封闭通道。
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