WO2019071733A1 - 一种反射式电致变色显示面板 - Google Patents

一种反射式电致变色显示面板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019071733A1
WO2019071733A1 PCT/CN2017/112467 CN2017112467W WO2019071733A1 WO 2019071733 A1 WO2019071733 A1 WO 2019071733A1 CN 2017112467 W CN2017112467 W CN 2017112467W WO 2019071733 A1 WO2019071733 A1 WO 2019071733A1
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layer
electrochromic
display panel
reflective
electrochromic layer
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PCT/CN2017/112467
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李祥
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深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司
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Priority to US15/735,919 priority Critical patent/US10816866B2/en
Publication of WO2019071733A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019071733A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/155—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G02F1/1516—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising organic material
    • G02F1/15165—Polymers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/157—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/161—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
    • G02F2001/1635—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor the pixel comprises active switching elements, e.g. TFT
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/08—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 light absorbing layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/02—Function characteristic reflective

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display technologies, and in particular, to a reflective electrochromic display panel.
  • the electrochromic display panel does not need to use a polarizer and a color resistance, and can greatly improve the utilization of light by the display, and has the advantages of not depending on the viewing angle and the memory function.
  • the conventional electrochromic device is mainly prepared by depositing or polymerizing an electrochromic thin film on a conductive glass.
  • the color display is usually realized by three colors of electrochromic materials, including: red electrochromic material, green electrochromic material and blue electrochromic material, and the above three electrochromic materials respectively occur when energized.
  • the redox reaction is red, green, and blue, and different voltages can control the brightness of different color light outputs to achieve color display; when not energized, the three color electrochromic materials are transparent.
  • electrochromic displays are not capable of black display and require a backlight.
  • the liquid crystal liquid crystal display can be classified into a transmissive liquid crystal display, a transflective liquid crystal display, and a reflective liquid crystal display, wherein the reflective liquid crystal display can utilize ambient light.
  • the display without the need for a high-energy backlight, has great potential in mobile devices as well as in wearable display device applications.
  • the reflective liquid crystal display has two problems: 1. Since the ambient light passes back and forth through each film layer, especially the color resist layer, the ambient light loss is large, the brightness utilization rate is low, and the brightness of the display panel of the liquid crystal panel is easily caused. Dark; 2. In order to enable the observer to view the reflected image at multiple viewing angles, the metal reflective electrode must be designed to reflect the diffuse reflection, and in this way, problems such as uneven brightness and viewing angle limitation are easily generated.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a reflective electrochromic display panel which improves the characteristics of the liquid crystal display by changing the internal structure of the liquid crystal panel and reflecting the incident light by using the electroluminescent material.
  • the present invention provides a reflective electrochromic display panel, the display panel comprising:
  • the electrochromic layer includes a red electrochromic layer, a green electrochromic layer, and a blue electrochromic layer a layer, the red electrochromic layer reflects red light when receiving a voltage, the green electrochromic layer reflects green light when receiving a voltage, the blue electrochromic layer reflects blue light when receiving a voltage, and reflects light The intensity increases with increasing voltage;
  • the red electrochromic layer, the green electrochromic layer, and the blue electrochromic layer reflect zero light when no voltage is received;
  • a partition portion is disposed between the red electrochromic layer, the green electrochromic layer, and the blue electrochromic layer;
  • the pixel electrode layer includes a thin film transistor, a source, a drain, and a corresponding insulating layer.
  • the present invention also provides a reflective electrochromic display panel, the display panel comprising:
  • the electrochromic layer includes a red electrochromic layer, a green electrochromic layer, and a blue electrochromic layer a layer, the red electrochromic layer reflects red light when receiving a voltage, the green electrochromic layer reflects green light when receiving a voltage, the blue electrochromic layer reflects blue light when receiving a voltage, and reflects light The intensity increases with increasing voltage; the red electrochromic layer, the green electrochromic layer, and the blue electrochromic layer reflect zero light when no voltage is received.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the present invention is different from the prior art, and the invention provides an electrochromic layer in the display panel, and utilizes different voltage characteristics of the electrochromic layer to improve the utilization ratio of the display panel and the limitation of the viewing angle. Thereby improving the characteristics of the liquid crystal display.
  • the basic structure comparison and general display technology of the reflective liquid crystal display of the invention effectively reduce the energy consumption of the device, and solve the disadvantage that the general electrochromic display cannot display black by the principle of the reflective liquid crystal display.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a reflective electrochromic display panel of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a reflective electrochromic display panel of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the display of an embodiment of the reflective electrochromic display panel of the present invention in a first working state
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the display of an embodiment of the reflective electrochromic display panel of the present invention in a second operational state.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a reflective electrochromic display panel of the present invention.
  • the reflective electrochromic display panel includes an upper substrate 1, a common electrode layer 2, an electrochromic layer, a pixel electrode layer 6, and a lower substrate 8 which are disposed in this order from top to bottom.
  • the upper substrate 1 is a glass substrate.
  • the upper substrate 1 may also be one of a transparent thin film package or a transparent flexible substrate.
  • the electrochromic layer includes a red electrochromic layer 3, a green electrochromic layer 4, and a blue electrochromic layer 5.
  • the lower substrate 8 is a transparent substrate, and the lower substrate 8 is provided with a black light shielding layer 7.
  • the light shielding layer material is a Cr metal, an acrylic resin doped with a black pigment, or a black resin formed by doping a material such as carbon, Ti, or Ni in a photoresist.
  • the black shading layer 7 absorbs external light so that external light does not affect the screen display.
  • the electrochromic layer is disposed between the common electrode layer 2 and the pixel electrode layer 6.
  • the pixel electrode layer 6 includes a thin film transistor, a source, a drain, and a corresponding insulating layer. The structure of the pixel electrode layer 6 is the same as that in the conventional liquid crystal panel, and will not be described herein.
  • a partition 9 is disposed between the red electrochromic layer 3, the green electrochromic layer 4, and the blue electrochromic layer 5 to avoid the red electrochromic layer 3, the green electrochromic layer 4, and the blue electrochromic layer.
  • the common electrode layer 2 and the pixel motor layer 6 are both transparent electrode layers to facilitate light transmission.
  • the material of the common electrode layer 2 and the pixel electrode layer 6 is an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) material.
  • the common electrode layer 2 and the pixel motor layer 6 and the electrochromic layer (3, 4, 5) are spaced apart to ensure the spacing of the common electrode layer 2 and the pixel motor layer 6 and the electrochromic layer. Insulation between (3, 4, 5).
  • the material of the electrochromic layer (3, 4, 5) includes one of viologen, polythiophene and derivatives thereof, polyaniline compound, pyridine compound, bismuth compound, rare earth element organic compound or A variety.
  • the lower substrate 202 is a black opaque substrate, and the lower substrate 202 is capable of absorbing external light so that external light does not affect the screen display.
  • the pixel electrode layer 6 and the common electrode layer 2 are loaded with an external voltage, and the control voltage is driven by the passive matrix electrode, specifically, the pixel electrode layer 6 and the common electrode layer 2, and the electrochromic layer is selected through the address line (3, 4, 5). And, in turn, control the voltage of each electrochromic layer (3, 4, 5). Further, the pixel electrode layer 6 and the common electrode layer 2 are electrically connected by a TFT (Thin Film Transistor Switch), and an external load voltage is controlled by a TFT switch.
  • TFT Thin Film Transistor Switch
  • the red electrochromic layer 3, the green electrochromic layer 4, and the blue electrochromic layer 5 are not receiving a voltage, as shown in FIG. 3, the red electrochromic layer 3, the green electrochromic layer 4, and The blue electrochromic layer 5 is shown in a transparent state, and no external light is reflected, and the display panel displays black at this time. That is, the reflected light 302, the reflected light 304, and the reflected light 306 are absorbed by the electrochromic layer 3, the green electrochromic layer 4, and the blue electrochromic layer 5.
  • the incident light When an external voltage is applied, as shown in FIG. 4, after the incident light passes through the transparent metal electrode (common electrode layer 2), the incident light enters the electrochromic layer (3, 4, 5) directly on the electrochromic layer (3, 4, 5) Reflecting incident light.
  • the green electrochromic layer 3 reflects the incident light 401 and reflects the green light 402;
  • the red electrochromic layer 4 reflects the incident light 403 and reflects the green light 404;
  • the blue electrochromic layer 5 performs the reflected light 405 Reflect and reflect blue light 406.
  • the intensity of the reflected light increases as the voltage increases.
  • the display panel further superimposes the reflected red, green and blue light, so that each point can achieve a full color display effect.
  • the present invention utilizes the optical properties (reflectance, transmittance, absorptivity, etc.) of the electroluminescent material to produce a stable and reversible color change reaction under the action of an applied electric field, manifesting as a reversible change in color and transparency. There is no need to pass through the color resist layer and the liquid crystal layer twice as in a conventional reflective liquid crystal display, which increases the utilization of ambient light by the device.
  • the present invention provides an electrochromic layer in a display panel, and utilizes different voltage characteristics of the electrochromic layer to improve the utilization ratio of the display panel and the limitation of the viewing angle, thereby improving the liquid crystal display. characteristic.
  • the basic structure comparison and general display technology of the reflective liquid crystal display of the invention effectively reduce the energy consumption of the device, and solve the disadvantage that the general electrochromic display cannot display black by the principle of the reflective liquid crystal display.

Abstract

一种反射式电致变色显示面板，反射式电致变色显示面板包括：自上而下依次设置的上基板（1）、公共电极层（2），电致变色层、像素电极层（6）和下基板（8），电致变色层包括红色电致变色层（3）、绿色电致变色层（4）以及蓝色电致变色层（5），电致变色层在接受电压时反射对应颜色的光，在未接收电压时反射光为零。在显示面板中设置电致变色层，并利用电致变色层不同的电压特性，提高显示面板对光的利用率和视角限制性等问题，从而改善了液晶显示器的特性。

Description

一种反射式电致变色显示面板
【技术领域】
本发明涉及液晶显示器技术领域，特别是涉及一种反射式电致变色显示面板。
【背景技术】
随着显示技术发展，出现了利用电致变色材料的显示面板。相比于TFT-LCD，电致变色显示面板不需要使用偏光片以及色阻，可以很大程度的提高显示器对光的利用率，且其具有不依赖视角，和记忆功能等优点。
传统电致变色器件的制备方法主要是在导电玻璃上沉积或聚合电致变色薄膜。其实现彩色显示通常是三种颜色的电致变色材料来实现，包括：红色电致变色材料、绿色电致变色材料以及蓝色电致变色材料，上述三种电致变色材料在通电时分别发生氧化还原反应而呈现红色、绿色、和蓝色，且不同电压可控制不同颜色光输出的亮度，实现彩色显示；在不通电时，三种颜色电致变色材料均为透明态。但是在传统的透射式显示器中，电致变色显示器无法实现黑色显示，且其需要背光源。
而根据所使用的光源的类型和光源的设置方式，液晶液晶显示器可分为透射式液晶显示器、半透半反式液晶显示器和反射式液晶显示器，其中反射式液晶显示器由于其可以利用环境光线来显示，无需耗能高的背光源，因此其在移动设备以及可穿戴显示设备应用中具有很大的潜力。
但是该反射式液晶显示器有两个问题：1.由于环境光会来回两次经过各膜层特别是色阻层，导致环境光损耗较大，亮度利用率低，容易导致液晶面板显示画面亮度较暗；2.为了使观察者在多个视角都能观看到的反射图像，金属反射电极必须设计为漫反射的反射方式，而采用这种方式极易产生亮度不均和视角限制等问题。
【发明内容】
本发明解决的技术问题是，提供一种反射式电致变色显示面板，通过改变液晶面板内部结构，并利用电致发光材料对入射光进行反射，改善了液晶显示器的特性。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种反射式电致变色显示面板，所述显示面板包括：
自上而下依次设置的上基板、公共电极层，电致变色层、像素电极层和下基板；所述电致变色层包括红色电致变色层、绿色电致变色层以及蓝色电致变色层，所述红色电致变色层在接收电压时反射红光，所述绿色电致变色层在接收电压时反射绿光，所述蓝色电致变色层在接收电压时反射蓝光，且反射光强度随电压的增加而增加；
所述红色电致变色层、所述绿色电致变色层和所述蓝色电致变色层在未接收电压时反射光为零；
所述红色电致变色层、绿色电致变色层以及蓝色电致变色层之间设置有分隔部；
所述像素电极层包括薄膜晶体管、源极、漏极以及对应的绝缘层。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明还提供了一种反射式电致变色显示面板，所述显示面板包括：
自上而下依次设置的上基板、公共电极层，电致变色层、像素电极层和下基板；所述电致变色层包括红色电致变色层、绿色电致变色层以及蓝色电致变色层，所述红色电致变色层在接收电压时反射红光，所述绿色电致变色层在接收电压时反射绿光，所述蓝色电致变色层在接收电压时反射蓝光，且反射光强度随电压的增加而增加；所述红色电致变色层、所述绿色电致变色层和所述蓝色电致变色层在未接收电压时反射光为零。
本发明的有益效果是：区别于现有技术，本发明在显示面板中设置电致变色层，并利用电致变色层不同的电压特性，提高显示面板对光的利用率和视角限制性等问题，从而改善了液晶显示器的特性。此外，本发明采用反射式液晶显示器的基本构造对比与一般显示技术有效降低了设备能耗，并且通过反射式液晶显示器的原理，解决了一般电致变色显示器无法显示黑色的缺点。
【附图说明】
图1是本发明反射式电致变色显示面板一实施例的结构示意图；
图2是本发明反射式电致变色显示面板另一实施例的结构示意图；
图3本发明反射式电致变色显示面板一实施例处于第一工作状态时的显示原理图；
图4是本发明反射式电致变色显示面板一实施例处于第二工作状态时的显示原理图。
【具体实施方式】
请参阅图1，图1是本发明反射式电致变色显示面板一实施例的结构示意图。反射式电致变色显示面板包括：自上而下依次设置的上基板1、公共电极层2，电致变色层、像素电极层6和下基板8。在本实施例中，上基板1为玻璃衬底基板。在其他实施例中，上基板1还可以是透明薄膜封装或透明的柔性衬底基板其中的一种。电致变色层包括红色电致变色层3、绿色电致变色层4以及蓝色电致变色层5。下基板8为透明衬底，下基板8上设置有黑色遮光层7。在本实施例中，遮光层材料为Cr金属、掺入黑色颜料的丙烯酸树脂或在光刻胶中掺入碳、Ti、Ni等原料形成的黑色树脂。黑色遮光层7能够吸收外部光线，使外部光线不会对屏幕显示造成影响。电致变色层设置在公共电极层2与像素电极层6之间。在本实施例中，像素电极层6包括薄膜晶体管、源极、漏极以及对应的绝缘层。像素电极层6的结构与现有液晶面板中的结构一致，此处不再赘述。红色电致变色层3、绿色电致变色层4以及蓝色电致变色层5之间设置有分隔部9，避免红色电致变色层3、绿色电致变色层4以及蓝色电致变色层5之间出现混色。在本实施例中，公共电极层2和像素电机层6均为透明电极层，以利于透光。优选的，公共电极层2和像素电极层6材料为ITO（氧化铟锡）材料。为了保证显示面板的显示效果，公共电极层2和像素电机层6以及电致变色层（3、4、5）间隔设置，保证间隔设置的公共电极层2和像素电机层6以及电致变色层（3、4、5）之间绝缘。电致变色层（3、4、5）的材料包括紫罗精、聚噻吩类及其衍生物、聚苯胺类化合物、吡啶的化合物、蒽醌的化合物、稀土元素的有机化合物中的一种或多种。
在另一个具体的实施方式中，如图2所示，下基板202为黑色不透明衬底，下基板202能够吸收外部光线，使外部光线不会对屏幕显示造成影响。
以下，详细说明本发明的显示面板的工作方法。
像素电极层6和公共电极层2加载外部电压，通过无源矩阵电极驱动控制电压，具体的，像素电极层6和公共电极层2，通过选址线选择电致变色层（3、4、5），进而控制每个电致变色层（3、4、5）的电压。此外，像素电极层6和公共电极层2之间通过TFT（薄膜晶体管开关）电连接，通过TFT开关控制外部加载电压。
当红色电致变色层3、绿色电致变色层4和蓝色电致变色层5在未接收电压时，如图3所示，红色电致变色层3、所述绿色电致变色层4和所述蓝色电致变色层5显示为透明状态，不对外部光线进行反射，此时显示面板显示黑色。即反射光302、反射光304和反射光306被电致变色层3、绿色电致变色层4和蓝色电致变色层5吸收。
当施加外部电压时，如图4所示，入射光通过透明金属电极（公共电极层2）后，入射光进入电致变色层（3、4、5），直接在电致变色层（3、4、5）对入射光进行反射。绿色电致变色层3对入射光401进行反射，并反射绿光402；红色电致变色层4对入射光403进行反射，并反射绿光404；蓝色电致变色层5对反射光405进行反射，并反射蓝光406。而且，反射光强度随电压的增加而增加。显示面板进一步叠加反射的红光、绿光以及蓝光，使得各点能达到全彩化显示效果。
本发明利用电致放光材料的光学属性（反射率、穿透率、吸收率等），在外加电场的作用下发生稳定且具有可逆性的颜色变化反应，表现为颜色和透明度的可逆变化。无需像传统的反射式液晶显示器来回两次穿过色阻层和液晶层，增加了器件对环境光的利用率。
区别于现有技术，本发明在显示面板中设置电致变色层，并利用电致变色层不同的电压特性，提高显示面板对光的利用率和视角限制性等问题，从而改善了液晶显示器的特性。此外，本发明采用反射式液晶显示器的基本构造对比与一般显示技术有效降低了设备能耗，并且通过反射式液晶显示器的原理，解决了一般电致变色显示器无法显示黑色的缺点。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，包括：自上而下依次设置的上基板、公共电极层，电致变色层、像素电极层和下基板；所述电致变色层包括红色电致变色层、绿色电致变色层以及蓝色电致变色层，所述红色电致变色层在接收电压时反射红光，所述绿色电致变色层在接收电压时反射绿光，所述蓝色电致变色层在接收电压时反射蓝光，且反射光强度随电压的增加而增加；
    所述红色电致变色层、所述绿色电致变色层和所述蓝色电致变色层在未接收电压时反射光为零；
    所述红色电致变色层、绿色电致变色层以及蓝色电致变色层之间设置有分隔部；
    所述像素电极层包括薄膜晶体管、源极、漏极以及对应的绝缘层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述公共电极层和所述像素电机层均为透明电机层。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述公共电极层和像素电极层材料为ITO。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述电致变色层的材料包括紫罗精、聚噻吩类及其衍生物、聚苯胺类化合物、吡啶的化合物、蒽醌的化合物、稀土元素的有机化合物中的一种或多种。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述下基板为黑色遮光衬底。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述下基板为透明衬底，所述透明衬底上设有黑色遮光层。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述黑色遮光层材料为Cr金属、掺入黑色颜料的丙烯酸树脂或在光刻胶中掺入碳、Ti、Ni等原料形成的黑色树脂。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述上基板为玻璃衬底基板、透明薄膜封装或透明的柔性衬底基板其中的一种。
  9. 一种反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，包括：自上而下依次设置的上基板、公共电极层，电致变色层、像素电极层和下基板；所述电致变色层包括红色电致变色层、绿色电致变色层以及蓝色电致变色层，所述红色电致变色层在接收电压时反射红光，所述绿色电致变色层在接收电压时反射绿光，所述蓝色电致变色层在接收电压时反射蓝光，且反射光强度随电压的增加而增加；
    所述红色电致变色层、所述绿色电致变色层和所述蓝色电致变色层在未接收电压时反射光为零。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述公共电极层和所述像素电机层均为透明电机层。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述公共电极层和像素电极层材料为ITO。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述电致变色层的材料包括紫罗精、聚噻吩类及其衍生物、聚苯胺类化合物、吡啶的化合物、蒽醌的化合物、稀土元素的有机化合物中的一种或多种。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述红色电致变色层、绿色电致变色层以及蓝色电致变色层之间设置有分隔部。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述下基板为黑色遮光衬底。
  15. 根据权利要求9所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述下基板为透明衬底，所述透明衬底上设有黑色遮光层。
  16. 据权利要求15所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述黑色遮光层材料为Cr金属、掺入黑色颜料的丙烯酸树脂或在光刻胶中掺入碳、Ti、Ni等原料形成的黑色树脂。
  17. 根据权利要求9所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述像素电极层包括：薄膜晶体管、源极、漏极以及对应的绝缘层。
  18. 根据权利要求9所述的反射式电致变色显示面板，其中，所述上基板为玻璃衬底基板、透明薄膜封装或透明的柔性衬底基板其中的一种。
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