WO2019068345A1

WO2019068345A1 - Method and device for producing shaped sheet-metal components by means of preshaped components

Info

Publication number: WO2019068345A1
Application number: PCT/EP2017/075518
Authority: WO
Inventors: Thomas Flehmig; Martin Kibben; Daniel Nierhoff
Original assignee: Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag; Thyssenkrupp Ag
Priority date: 2017-10-06
Filing date: 2017-10-06
Publication date: 2019-04-11
Also published as: KR20200063194A; US20200230688A1; EP3691807A1; JP2020535971A; CN111182979A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a component, in particular a structural component of a vehicle, comprising the following method steps: preshaping a workpiece to form a preshaped component (1) and producing a finally shaped component (8) or a finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate component (13) from the preshaped component (1), the preshaped component (1) being shaped into a singly or multiply offset finally shaped component (8) or into a single or multiply offset finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate component (13) by means of a shaping process, in particular in at least one method step. The invention further relates to a device, in particular for carrying out a method according to the invention, comprising a shaping tool, wherein the shaping tool is designed as a multi-part shaping tool, each part of the multi-part shaping tool comprises at least one punch (2a, 2b, 2c) and one die (3a, 3b, 3c), the shaping tool is designed to produce a singly or multiply offset finally shaped component (8) by shaping from the preshaped component (1) or is designed to produce a singly or multiply offset finally shaped, highly dimensionally accurate component (13) by shaping and calibrating from the preshaped component (1), the shaping tool is designed as a multi-part shaping tool, and each part of the multi-part shaping tool comprises at least one punch and one die.

Description

Method and device for producing shaped sheet-metal components by means of preformed components

The present invention relates to a method for producing a component, in particular a structural component of a vehicle, wherein the method

Method steps comprises preforming a workpiece into a preformed component and producing a final molded component from the preformed component. The invention further relates to a device, in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention, with a forming tool. By sheet metal formed components, such as thermoformed components usually require a final edge trimming, are cut off in the excess areas of the example, thermoformed component. at

This can for example be achieved by one or more flange-attached parts

Trim tools are made, which partially or wholly cut the flange from above or obliquely in the desired manner. For flangeless parts, however, the bleed is already much more expensive, because he over, for example

Slide gate valve must be cut off from the side. The

However, trimming operations are disadvantageous in that trimming usually requires one or even several separate, often maintenance-intensive operations, which moreover often require their own tool technology and logistics system. In addition, the cut areas increase the scrap content, resulting in additional costs.

In order to shorten at least the process chain, different approaches were followed, with which, among other things, the Flanschbeschnitt with in the last

Shaping operation, such as deep drawing was integrated. Although significant cost savings can be achieved, they remain some disadvantages, such as the accrual of waste, the creation of complicated tools, a complex testing, unwanted

Springback effects, limited dimensional stability and susceptibility to process disturbances.

For this reason, methods and devices have been proposed in order to save or greatly reduce the edge trim of, in particular in cross-section U-shaped or hat profile-like, components. Proposed methods are characterized by the fact that over different

Methods of forming largely near-net shape preformed components are produced, which predominantly have a planar material addition via suitable geometrical variations such as extensions of the frames and flanges, wavy bottoms or modified drawing radii. In the subsequent special calibration step, this material addition is poked out, resulting in the thickening and realignment of residual stresses in the direction of the sheet metal plane. Modifications of these methods work with combined variants, in some cases also a

Lack of material can be present. Also local trimming operations before or after calibration are possible. In addition to minimizing the springback, the aim is also to reduce the clipping. Thus, from a close-to-net shape preformed component, a final-molded component can be produced completely free from edge trimming and can therefore be manufactured with the least possible use of materials, from molded blanks of minimal dimensions, so-called minimal-form blanks. For example, from DE 10 2007 059 251 AI known, high-dimensional

To produce half-shells in a two-stage process. For this purpose, first near-net shape preformed half shells are produced, which have excess material over the entire cross section due to their geometric shape. Subsequently, the preformed half shells by another

Pressing compressed to its final shape. A made in this way

Half shell has a particularly high dimensional stability, since the springback of the Semi-shell generating residual stress component is superimposed or reduced by the introduced compression.

A disadvantage of this production method, however, is that the preformed

Half shells must be subjected to a further trim usually so that they have the desired dimensions, in particular with regard to the frame height. To optimize the process chain, it is known, for example, from DE 10 2011 050 001 A1 to integrate the final trimming into the deep-drawing process. To produce flangeless drawn parts, the flange area of the half shell in the area of the die support surface is cut according to this publication. Subsequently, the preformed half-shell produced in this way is calibrated by means of an upsetting paragraph arranged on the drawing die in the same tool. However, this method also has the disadvantage that excess board material is obtained as a waste and that the integration of the cutting edge in the deep drawing die a high

Tool wear is subject. In addition, it can not be sufficiently ensured that the board does not change its position during deep drawing, as a result of which dimensional inaccuracy of the preformed half shell is produced, which in turn causes trimming in the flange or frame area. The German patent application DE 10 2008 037 612 AI also describes a process for the production of high-density half-shells with a

Floor area, a frame portion and a flange portion, wherein first of a board, a preformed half-shell is formed, which is then transformed and cut to the final-shaped half-shell.

The German patent application DE 10 2009 059 197 Al describes a method for producing a Haibschalenteils with a drawing punch and a drawing die. A process-reliable and cost-effective production is achieved in that in a single step the drawing punch is retracted into the drawing die, a board is preformed into a blank sheet metal with at least one bottom portion, at least one frame portion and optionally a flange portion, wherein during preforming with the draw punch, an excess of material is introduced into either the bottom portion and the skirt portion or the optional flange portion of the blank sheet metal, and the sheet stock is finish formed and calibrated into a sheath shell portion.

The approaches described have in common that in a first process step, a preform is produced, which comes as close as possible to the final shape or finished shape of the component and possibly an additional edge trimming is necessary. The reduction or elimination of edge cropping requires robust and less sensitive preforming methods, which deliver components that are as independent as possible from friction, batch and thickness fluctuations, and whose development varies only slightly. As described, this is done with the use of distant outer hold-downs, clamping inner holddowns and larger drawing gaps and drawing radii.

Only where these approaches do not take effect because of the formation of strong wrinkles or cracks, edge contour additions, braked hold-downs or small drag radii are necessary, which thus generate additional excess areas.

In the course of the implementation of real components has now been found that the currently known approaches to preform design are not always sufficient to produce even sophisticated component shapes or to minimize the trimming. Thus, for example, relatively heavily cranked preforms for U-beams, e.g. in

Vehicles can be found, preforming only with the classic deep drawing and subsequent trimming. This requires more material and reduces the saving effect.

On this basis, the present invention seeks to provide a method and apparatus for the cost-effective production of sophisticated molded components. In departure from the hitherto customary technical development, this object is achieved in a generic method in that the preformed, in particular endkonturferne component in a (especially in its longitudinal direction) single or multiple cranked end-formed component or in a single or multiple cranked final molded, high-dimensional component is formed by a forming, in particular in at least one process step. Thus, in a preforming step in a first tool or optionally several

Tool stages are preformed by a low-sensitive manufacturing initially easy to produce, simple, in particular endkonturferne components whose

Edge contour rather slightly deviates from the nominal contour. In another

Process step, the final molded component in at least a second

Tool then be made by forming from the preformed component. The inventive method has the advantage that for the production of components, in particular sophisticated molded components, substantially planar boards or minimal form blanks can be used and still can be largely dispensed with edge trimmings, so that a clear

Simplification of the manufacturing process over the known methods is achieved. The workpiece is in this case, for example, a substantially flat board or minimal form of board. Preferably, the workpiece is one or more

Made of steel materials. Alternatively, aluminum materials or other metals may be used. Under a preformed, in particular a final contour remote component is understood in particular a preform of a component, which can not be reshaped only by calibration to the final molded component. For example, the preformed or final contour distant component is a substantially straight component. However, the preformed or endkonturferne component may already have structured surface elements. For example, if the final molded component is a cranked component, the preformed or final contour removed component is one less or not cranked component. For example, the preformed or

Endkonturferne component in at least one direction, for example in the longitudinal direction, in contrast to the final molded component is a substantially constant

Cross-sectional geometry on. In particular, the preformed or endkonturferne component due to its Endkonturferne in contrast to the final molded component process reliable by embossing the soil to be created and heightening the frames to be created (embossing and raising) can be made easily and save material. Alternatively, effective, continuous methods, such as roll forming can be used. In contrast, a final molded, highly dimensional component is understood in particular to be a component which has been subjected to calibration.

The preparation of the preformed, in particular of the final contour remote component may include, for example, a deep-drawing-like shaping step, for example, a thermoforming tool with inner hold-down, distant outer hold-down and / or large drawing radii and drawing columns and optionally auxiliary means for loading and positioning can be used.

In particular, a shaping comprising, for example, embossing of the floor and raising the frames or optionally stopping the flanges to be created can take place. Also conceivable are any combinations of folding and / or bending and / or (compression) embossing or roll forming followed by portioning into sections.

According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the reshaping and calibration for the production of a final-shaped, highly dimensional component can take place in a common method step. This embodiment has the advantage of obtaining a final-shaped, high-dimensional component in only one method step and in particular only one tool from a preformed component. Alternatively, in a further embodiment of the method according to the invention from the preformed component in a further forming step by forming first a final molded component is prepared and then made of the final molded component by calibrating a final molded, high-dimensional component. These

two-step variant has the advantage that e.g. already existing

Calibration tools can be used to calibrate the component and thus the process can be integrated cost-effectively into existing process chains.

If a calibration is provided, the preformed component or in particular the final molded component contains the material additions and / or material defects necessary for the production of, in particular, dimensionally stable, end-molded components.

Calibration can be understood, in particular, to mean a finish-forming of the end-formed component, which can be achieved, for example, by one or more pressing or upsetting operations. However, it is possible that the final molded or final molded, high modulus component may undergo further component modifying processing steps, such as piercing, lateral embossing, flange abutment or (minor) trimming. However, the aim is to make the shape of the tool used for calibrating such that otherwise no further forming steps are necessary.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the preformed, end-shaped and / or the final-shaped, high-dimensional component is a substantially elongate component. It turned out that that

method according to the invention can be advantageously used especially in the production of sophisticated shaped elongated components. Under elongated components are understood in particular components that have a significantly longer compared to the other two sides and in particular a pronounced frame. This longer side naturally forms a preferred direction of the component, hereinafter referred to as the longitudinal direction, while the other two sides each represent a transverse direction. In particular, from the longitudinal direction of these components at least by a factor> 1, in particular at least a factor of 3, preferably at least by a factor of 5 compared to the transverse direction more extensive components particularly sophisticated molded components can be produced cost-effectively.

According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the preformed, the final-shaped and / or the final-shaped, high-dimensional component is a half-shell-shaped component which is in particular a U-shaped or hat-shaped component in cross-section. It has been recognized that the method according to the invention lends itself to a particularly cost-saving production of half-shell-shaped components, in particular the use with U-shaped or hat-shaped components in cross-section has proven to be particularly advantageous. According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the preformed component is in its longitudinal direction in a Z-shape (cranked) or U-shape (double cranked) having endgeformtes or endgeformtes,

formed high-dimensional component. The inventive method is particularly suitable for the production of sophisticated molded components such. cranked components or even heavily cranked components such as heavily bent U-shaped

Components, especially when they undergo calibration. Especially in the production of single or multiple or multi-dimensionally cranked components, the inventive method has been found to be particularly cost-effective. With the method according to the invention, it is thus nevertheless possible to manufacture sophisticatedly shaped components with minimal form blanks, so that edge trimming can be largely dispensed with if necessary. Especially if the components in their

Longitudinal have a Z or U-shape, they are particularly

produce material saving. The Z-shape is, for example, by a

Shift each opposite mold sections by one

Generated center region, so that the areas to be changed of the preformed component are at defined angles to the direction of displacement, For example, if the longitudinal direction or the longitudinal axis in the X direction, a shift in the Z and / or Y direction is possible (coordinate system). Depending on the type of cranking, the displacement over the longitudinal axis of the component can also take place repeatedly and in opposite directions. Then arise U-shaped or multi-cranked variants of the final molded component or the final molded, high-dimensional component.

According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, different regions of the preformed component are formed and / or calibrated with a time shift into the final-molded or final-shaped, high-dimensional component.

Different regions of the preformed component are thus at least partially not simultaneously formed or calibrated into the final molded or final molded, high dimensional shape, wherein a final molded shape is understood to mean the shape of the final molded component and a final molded, highly dimensionalized shape is the shape of the final molded, high dimensional component becomes. The

different areas may partially overlap or completely

be different areas. Different areas of the preformed component are thus at least partially individually or separately reshaped or calibrated. ^■ Reshaping of the preformed component or calibration takes place

in particular from partial forming or calibration steps together. Preferably, there is a partial temporal overlap between the reshaping and / or calibrating of different regions, so that the reshaping and / or calibrating takes place partly simultaneously. However, it is also possible that a reshaping and / or calibrating of a region takes place only when the reshaping and / or

Calibrating the previous area is complete. For example, at least a first area and a second area are provided, which are deformed and / or calibrated offset in time. However, more than two, for example three, four, five or more, different areas may be provided. This approach allows further cost savings in the manufacture of sophisticated components. In particular, the cost-saving use of, for example, a single tool and / or the use of a low-maintenance tool in the further forming step and / or in the final shaping can thus be achieved.

In particular, the range of applications to components, which can not be made in particular with the boundary conditions of the known from the prior art method because of their elaborate form so far, expand. In a further refinement, the end-formed or end-formed, high-dimensional component has at least three regions, in particular a cranked middle region with two adjoining edge regions, wherein preferably the edge regions are aligned substantially parallel when forming the preformed component into the end-formed or final molded, high-dimensional component and / or stay and the longitudinal axis of the central region against the

Longitudinal axis of the edge regions is angled. Other orientations of the edge regions are possible in the X, Y and / or Z direction (coordinate system). The term edge area in this context refers to such an area being located next to a central area and not being dependent on the absolute position of this area in the entire final molded part. It has

pointed out that the inventive method is particularly advantageous for the production of such complex shaped components. If the end-molded component also has an angle of 10 ° to 120 °, in particular an angle of 20 ° to 100 °, preferably an angle of 25 ° to 90 ° between the longitudinal axis of at least one edge region and the longitudinal axis of the at least one central region, the Complexity and control of the tool for forming and / or calibration are kept as low as possible. Particularly preferably, the end-formed or end-formed component also has an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° between the longitudinal axis of at least one edge region and the longitudinal axis of the at least one central region, so that the complexity of the tool can be further reduced. According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, a multi-part forming tool is used, wherein the central region of the preformed component is formed into a final-shaped mold, after at least one

Boundary portion of the preformed component has been converted into a final molded shape or wherein the central region of the preformed component is formed and calibrated into a final molded, high-dimensional shape after at least one edge region of the preformed component has been reshaped and calibrated into a final molded, high-dimensional shape.

In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the preformed component is inserted into dies, which are arranged obliquely to the direction of displacement of the punch or dies used for forming. The direction of displacement is understood in particular to be the direction of movement of the punches and / or dies during the forming process, that is, for example, the vertical direction. Under a purpose obliquely arranged die is understood in particular that thereby the longitudinal axis of the inserted component obliquely to

Displacement direction is. It was recognized that the degree of ironing can be advantageously adjusted via the angle between the direction of displacement and the position of the component. The smaller the angle, the greater the achievable ironing. Thus, the desired degree of ironing can already be set cost-effectively by using a single tool.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the preformed component is clamped between at least one edge die and the associated at least one edge punch, wherein the clamping force is so high that the preformed component substantially [that is, not or only slightly] can slip. By adjusting the clamping force thus a production can be achieved with relatively little effort of elaborately shaped components. According to a second teaching of the present invention, the object is achieved in a generic device in that the forming tool is designed as a multi-part forming tool, each part of the multi-part forming tool comprises at least a punch and a die, wherein the forming tool is adapted to a simple or To produce a multi-cranked end-molded component by forming from the preformed component or is adapted to produce a single or multiple cranked final molded, high-dimensional component by forming and calibrating from the preformed component. The device is preferably used in a transfer press or alternatively in chained single presses.

The use of such a device enables a cost-saving production of sophisticated components. In particular, the cost-saving use of, for example, a single forming tool and / or the use of a low-maintenance forming tool in the further forming step and / or in the final shaping can thus be achieved. In particular, the range of applications to components that can not be made or only very expensive corresponding to the boundary conditions of the known from the prior art method because of their elaborate form, expand.

The device according to the invention can also have a tool for producing the preformed component, in particular a tool for embossing and raising or a deep-drawing tool with inner hold-down, distanced outer hold-down, large drawing radii and drawing gaps and / or tools for feeding and positioning. It is also possible to use a roll forming process with subsequent portioning into individual parts (preformed components).

To produce a final molded, highly dimensional component, the

Device according to the invention have a forming tool with calibration function, in particular comprising a solid or split forming die with calibration function and / or likewise single or multi-part forming die with Calibration function and / or auxiliary elements for loading, support,

Positioning and / or ejection.

Alternatively or additionally, the device according to the invention can

Have calibration, in particular comprising a solid or split Kalibriergesenk and / or also one or more parts Kalibrierstempel and / or auxiliary elements for charging, support, positioning and / or ejection.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the forming tool has at least one middle tool part with two adjacent ones

Edge tool parts, wherein the at least one middle tool part comprises at least one center punch and at least one middle die and at least one of the edge tool parts has an edge punch and an edge die. By means of this configuration, a particularly process-reliable and cost-saving production using the device according to the invention can be ensured.

According to a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the at least one edge die is at least one of the edge tool parts

height-adjustable edge die. By virtue of the fact that at least one marginal die is height-adjustable, e.g. is mounted on sleeves, the sequence of forming and / or calibrating the different areas of the preformed component can be advantageously adapted. Thus, for example, reshaping and / or calibrating, but also clamping of an edge region of the preformed component, can take place before or during the forming and / or calibrating of another component region (in particular a central region), which results in the production of this component, in particular with high dimensional accuracy without edge trimming further simplified. Optionally, the edge dies, especially those not

height-adjustable ie already located in the end position Randgesenke, an inner hold-down or Formerhaltungsstempel, which essentially supports the majority of the shape of the edge region such that no significant dimensional change is caused by the forming movement, so that the preformed component in addition to the positive connection to the edge tool parts particularly advantageous

position and thus produce a certain dimensional stability. The term variable in height is understood in the context of the Randgesenkes that the so-called edge dies with respect to other die parts of the forming tool is variable in height, whereas these other die parts are rigid relative to each other.

According to a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the at least one edge punch of at least one of the edge tool parts relative to the other punch (share) movably mounted. In that at least one

Moving edge stamp, preferably by at least one hydraulic actuating means force acting, is stored, the sequence of forming and / or calibrating the different areas of the preformed component can be further advantageously adapted. Thus, for example, reshaping and / or calibrating, but also clamping of an edge region of the preformed component, can take place before or during the reshaping and / or calibrating of another component region (in particular a middle region), which results in the production of these components, in particular with high dimensional accuracy without edge trimming further simplified. In combination with a height-adjustable edge die can thus be

For example, particularly advantageous also the simultaneous forming and / or

Calibrate the adjacent to a central region of the preformed component edge regions reach. The term movable is used in the context of

Edge stamp understood that the so-called edge punches can be moved separately from other stamp parts of the forming tool according to the invention, in particular in height can be changed, whereas said other stamp parts are mutually rigid.

It is particularly advantageous if the device and / or the forming tool are in an inclined position with respect to the direction of displacement according to a further embodiment. It was recognized that can be adjusted by the measures advantageous the ironing. According to a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the forming tool has a Umformrandgesenk with calibration function and / or a Umformrandstempel with calibration function, in particular a height-adjustable Umformrandgesenk with calibration function, optionally with an inner holddown. As a result, the forming and calibrating of the preformed component into the end-formed component can advantageously take place with only one tool.

Under a forming (edge) sink with calibration function and a

Forming (edge) stamp with calibration function are understood (edge) dies or stamp, which contain substantially the final shape of the high-dimensional, final molded component.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the forming tool has means for blocking the flow of material beyond the component boundary beyond, for example, side or front barrier walls.

As a result, a further improvement in the dimensional accuracy of the end-molded components, in particular in an optional flange region is achieved in that at least temporarily during the pressing process, the material flow of the component is shut off, for example, at the optional flange edges of a half-shell-shaped component. This ensures that no board material from the

Pressing is pushed out and so the entire excess

Board material is completely transformed into the final molded component. Shutting off the material flow of the preformed and / or final molded and / or final molded, highly dimensional component to the outside can be achieved in a particularly preferred manner by a provided on the punch used for the pressing process barrier wall. This has the advantage that no additional movable component must be provided in order to shut off the material flow to the outside. On the other hand is achieved in this way, that the material flow shut-off barrier just in the

Material flow causing pressing process in the position provided for the shut-off moves. Alternatively, movable side walls can provide a seal. In addition, the device optionally has means for clamping individual bottom regions of the preformed component, by means of which a particularly advantageous dimensional positioning for the precise positioning of the preformed component is made possible.

By the preceding and following description of method steps according to preferred embodiments of the method, corresponding means for carrying out the method steps by preferred embodiments of the device should also be disclosed. Likewise, by the disclosure of means for carrying out a method step, the corresponding method step should be disclosed.

In addition, the invention with reference to two embodiments in

Connection with the drawings will be explained in more detail. The drawings show in

Fig. La-d schematic representations of the forming of the preformed component in the final molded component in the context of a first

Embodiment of a method according to the invention with an embodiment of a device according to the invention, wherein only the active surfaces of the punches and dies are shown, and

Fig. 2a-f are schematic representations of the forming of the preformed component in the final molded, high-dimensional component in a single step in the context of a second embodiment of the invention

Method with an embodiment of a device according to the invention, wherein only the active surfaces of the punches and dies are shown.

Exemplary embodiments of the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention will be described below with reference to the production of a hat-profile-like, simply cranked component explained in more detail. For flangeless and / or multiple cranked parts, a similar procedure is used.

Hereinafter, the same reference numerals are used for similar or corresponding features.

In a first step, not shown, a simply shaped preformed component 1 in the form of an unequipped, stretched and in its longitudinal direction predominantly straight oriented hat profile with predetermined edge contour is produced inexpensively by suitable measures. The term simply refers to the extent of the longitudinal axis of the preformed component which otherwise may well have textured surface features or bends. As suitable measures for the production of this simply shaped preformed component 1 comes, for example, the embossing and raising or robust

Thermoforming with a distanced outer hold-down into consideration. The device for producing the simply shaped preformed, in particular end contour distant component 1 is thus, for example, a tool for embossing and raising or a deep-drawing tool with inner hold-down, distant outer hold-down, large drawing radii and drawing columns and aids for loading and positioning. Simply shaped preformed components 1 can alternatively also be produced by roll forming.

The further formation takes place in the next step in a forming tool shown schematically in FIG. 1 according to the device according to the invention. The forming tool for further molding of the simply shaped preformed component 1 is here constructed in three parts and has a middle tool part and two

Edge tool parts, wherein the middle tool part has a center punch 2b and a middle die 3b and the first edge tool part has a marginal punch 2a and a height-adjustable edge die 3a, wherein the edge die 3a height adjustable via sleeves 6 movable [arrow 6) is mounted. Not

Height-adjustable die-cuts can still have an optional inner hold-down have (not shown), which facilitates the positioning and loading in the extended state. The second edge tool has a movable

Edge stamp 2c and a rigid edge 3c on. The movable edge punch 2c associated with the rigid edge die 3c is defined by e.g. hydraulic or other force-acting adjusting means, the direction of movement 5 is shown

force-acting adjusting means, relative to the other punches, namely the

Center punch 2b and the edge punch 2a of the first edge tool part movably mounted. The forming tool is with respect to the downward movement of a press represented by arrow 4 in an inclined position. The process of further development is described below.

As shown in Fig. La, are the edge stamp 2a, 2c and the center punch 2b at the beginning of the further step in the raised position. The

height-adjustable edge die 3a is raised by the sleeves of the press to the level of the rigid edge of the die 3c, as indicated by arrow 6. The two other dies 3b, 3c are already in their final position, are rigid and will not move. In addition, the inner holddown, not shown, of the one fixed edge joint 3c can be extended. First, the simply preformed component 1 in the oblique to

Displacement direction 4 lying dies 3a, 3b, 3c inserted. In this case, the positioning of the preformed component 1 by the positive connection to the two edge dies and / or done by, not shown, raised inner holddown of the rigid edge edge.

As shown in Fig. Lb, the edge punches 2a, 2c and the center punch 2b are further lowered by the movement of the press in the direction of displacement 4 down. Initially, both the force-bearing movable edge punch 2c and the raised height-adjustable edge bead 3a clamp the simply shaped preformed component 1 between their respective counterparts 2a, 3c. The clamping force is chosen so large that the simply shaped preformed component 1 during their movement can not or only slightly slipping. The central region 1b of the single-shaped preformed component 1 is initially exposed. In the further downward movement displaces the, the height-adjustable

Edge die 3a opposite edge punch 2a said edge die 3a down. In addition, the movable edge punch 2c is inhibited by the rigid edge die 3c in its downward movement. The relative movement between the individual edge punches 2a, 2c and edge dies 3a, 3c, in conjunction with the clamping and the inclined position, ensures that the central region 1b of the simply shaped preformed component 1 is increasingly lengthened with respect to the rigid side 1c and thereby deflects. Since the resulting bend requires more material than the straight shape, it comes to the elongation and concomitant tensile load to plastic deformation in almost all transitional areas between the central region lb and the edge regions la, lc of simply shaped

preformed component 1. The necessary material comes mainly from the extension of the transition areas between the areas of the die division.

In the end position, as shown in Fig. Lc, are all die and

Stamp parts in a block state, which leads to the final formation of the final molded component 8 (see Fig. Ld], in particular, the displacement of the respective opposing punch parts 2a, 2b, 2c and die parts 3a, 3b, 3c leads to a local Z-shape Depending on the type of cranking, the displacement along the longitudinal axis of the component can also take place repeatedly and in opposite directions, resulting in U-shaped or multiply cranked variants of the end-formed component 8

Further shaping can also be completed not preformed surface elements of the Bauteil8.

As shown in FIG. 1 d, the tool parts finally travel into their position

Starting position, as shown by arrow 7, wherein the return direction of the force-acting actuating means is shown in the starting position by arrow 5 ', and the final molded component 8 can be removed and if necessary in a calibration tool, not shown, spent where a high dimensional accuracy in the course of

Calibration is set. The optional calibration tool has, in particular, a solid or split calibration die and likewise single-part or multi-part calibration punches as well

Auxiliary elements for loading, support, positioning and ejecting. After calibration, the final molded, high-dimensional component 13 can be removed.

In a second embodiment of the method according to the invention, the device according to the invention comprises only two tools, a first tool for producing the simply shaped preformed component and a forming tool for further forming with combined calibration.

The tool for producing the single-shaped preformed component 1 is e.g. to the same tool as in the variant of the first

Embodiment, that is, for example, a tool for embossing and raising or for robust deep drawing with distant outer hold-down or roll forming with subsequent portioning.

As shown in Fig. 2a, the tool for final forming and calibrating the single-molded preformed component 1 comprises a center tool part and two edge tool parts, wherein the middle tool part has a center punch 2b and a center die 3b and the first edge tool part has an edge punch 2a and a height-adjustable edge die 3a having. The second edge tool part has a movable edge punch 2c and a rigid edge bead 3c. The height-adjustable edge die 3a and the rigid edge die 3c optionally have an inner hold-down device 10, respectively. The movable edge die 2c associated with the rigid edge die 3c is provided with hydraulic or other force-acting

Adjustment means relative to the other punches, namely the center punch 2b and movably mounted on the edge punch 2a of the first edge tool part. The

Forming tool is with respect to the downward movement 4 of the press in a desired angle. In contrast to the variant from the first

Embodiment, the dies 3a, 3b, 3c and stamp 2a, 2b, 2c on a calibration, so it is forming dies with calibration or forming die with calibration function. Furthermore, it owns

Forming tool for the calibration process means for blocking the flow of material beyond the edge of the component, in the form of lateral shut-off walls 9 and optionally not shown end-side shut-off walls, as well as the ability to clamp individual floor areas of the preformed Bauteililsl if necessary on the raised hold-down 10.

As in the first embodiment, the forming dies 2a, 2b, 2c are initially in the raised position. The height-adjustable forming edge die 3a is e.g. through the sleeves of the press and optionally hydraulic or other

force-acting adjusting means, the direction of movement 5 is shown

force-acting adjusting means, raised to the level of the rigid Umformrandgesenk, represented by arrow 6. The two other dies 3b, 3c are in their final position, are rigid and are not moved. In addition, the optional inner hold-down 10 of both edge dies 3a, 3c is extended.

As shown in Fig. 2b, the simply preformed component 1 is inserted into the die. In this case, the positioning of the component 1 by the positive connection to the two edge dies 3a, 3c and / or carried out by the optionally raised inner hold-down 10 of the rigid edge edge 3c.

Furthermore, the three forming dies 2a, 2b, 2c are lowered by the movement of the press ram, represented by arrow 4, downwards. In the process, both the force-acting edge stamp 2c and the raised height-adjustable edge die 3a first clamp the simply shaped preformed component 1 between their respective counterparts 2a, 3c, that is to say parts of the die bottom or the die optional raised hold 10. As the cross section of the preformed

Part 1 of which deviates from the final shape, the terminals is initially possible only over some areas of the inner hold-down 10. This is associated with a small distancing 12 of the bottom portions between the dies 3a, 3b, 3c and punches 2a, 2b, 2c and die and stamp parts. As can be seen in Fig. 2c, the central region of the single-shaped preformed component 1 is initially exposed.

In the further downward movement, the edge punch 3a, which is opposite the movable edge die 3a, displaces said edge die 3a with the raised hold-down device 10 downwards. In addition, the movably mounted edge punch 2c is inhibited by the rigid edge die 3c in its downward movement.

Here, too, the relative movement between the individual edge tool parts ensures that the central region of the simply preformed component 1 is increasingly extended and thereby deflects. Since the resulting crank requires more material than the straight shape and the fixed clamp 11 to the raised downers 10 ensures that only a small amount of material from the clamped areas in the

Mean area flows, it comes also to the elongation and concomitant tensile load to the plastic deformation in almost all

Transition areas of the simple preformed component 1 between the areas of the die division, as shown in Fig. 2d.

Shortly before reaching the end position, the raised hold-down device 10 are also pressed down, as shown in Fig. 2e. This finally begins the compression process, in which increasingly all excess surface portions of the intermediate end-formed component 13 are pushed out, in particular by the contact with the Absperrwände 9.

In the end position, all the die and stamp parts 3a, 3b, 3c, 2a, 2b, 2c are in a block state, which leads to the final shaping of the component final contour with high dimensional accuracy and edge trim freedom. Finally, as shown in Fig. 2f, the tool parts go to their original position, as shown by arrow 7, wherein the return direction of the force-acting adjusting means is shown separately in the starting position by arrow 5 '. The final molded component 13 can be removed and transferred into the further processing chain.

Claims

P a n t a n s p r e c h e

Method for producing a component, in particular a structural component of a vehicle, comprising the method steps:

Preforming a workpiece to a preformed component [1) and

Producing a final molded component [8, 13) from the preformed component, characterized in that

the preformed component (1) is converted into a single or multiple cranked end-formed component (8) or into a single or multiple cranked, final-shaped, high-dimensional component (13) by forming, in particular in at least one method step.

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that from the

preformed component (1) by forming first a final molded component (8) is produced and then from the final molded component (8) by a

Calibrate the final molded, high-mass component (13) is produced.

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reshaping and calibration for the production of the final molded, highly dimensional component (13) take place in a common process step.

Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the preformed (1), the final molded (8) and / or final molded, high-modulus component (13) is a substantially elongated member (1, 8, 13), in particular a longitudinally at least by a factor> 1, in particular by at least a factor of 3, preferably by at least a factor of 5 compared to the transverse direction extended component (1, 8, 13).

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the preformed (1), the final molded (8) and / or the final molded, high-dimensional component (13) a half-shell-shaped component (1, 8, 13), in particular a u in cross-section - Shaped or hat-shaped component (1, 8, 13).

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the preformed component (1) in a Z-shape or U-shape exhibiting endgeformtes (8) or

final formed, high-modulus component (13) is formed.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein different areas (la, lb, lc) of the preformed component (1) time-shifted in the final molded (8) or final molded, high-modulus component (13) are formed and / or calibrated.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the final molded (8) or final molded,

high-dimensional component (13) comprises at least one cranked central region (lb) with two adjoining edge regions (la, lc), wherein preferably during deformation of the preformed component (1) into the final molded (8) or final molded, high-dimensional component (13) the edge regions ( la, lc) im

Aligned substantially parallel and / or remain and the longitudinal axis of the central region (lb) against the longitudinal axis of the edge regions (la, lc) is angled, in particular by 10 ° to 120 °, preferably 30 ° to 90 °.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a multi-part

Forming tool is used, wherein the central region (lb) of the

preformed member (1) is formed into a final formed shape after at least one edge portion (la, lc) of the preformed member (1) has been formed into a final formed shape or wherein the central portion of the preformed member (1) is formed into a final molded, high dimensional form and is calibrated after at least one edge region (la, lc) of the preformed Component (1) has been reshaped and calibrated into final molded, high-dimensional shape

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the preformed component (1) in dies (3a, 3b, 3c) is inserted obliquely to the displacement direction (4) of the punch used for forming (2a, 2b, 2c) or Dies (3a, 3b, 3c) are arranged.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the preformed component (1) is first clamped between at least one edge die (3a, 3c) and the associated at least one edge punch (2a, 2c), wherein the

Clamping force is so high that the preformed component (1) substantially can not slip.

12. Device, in particular for carrying out a method according to one of claims 1 to 11, with a forming tool,

characterized in that

the forming tool is designed as a multi-part forming tool, wherein each part of the multi-part forming tool comprises at least one punch (2a, 2b, 2c) and a die (3a, 3b, 3c), wherein the forming tool is adapted to a single or multiple cranked end-formed component (8) by forming from the preformed component (1) or is adapted to a single or multiple cranked endgeformtes,

high-dimensional component (13) by forming and calibrating from the preformed component (1) produce.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the forming tool has at least one middle tool part with two adjoining edge tool parts, wherein the at least one middle tool part comprises at least one center punch (2b) and at least one middle die (3b) and at least one of Edge tool parts comprises an edge punch [2a, 2c) and an edge die (3a, 3b).

14. The device according to claim 13, wherein the at least one edge die (3a, 3c) of at least one of the edge tool parts is a height-adjustable edge die (3a) and wherein the edge dies (3a, 3c), in particular not

Height-adjustable edge dies (3c), optionally an inner hold-down (10).

15. The device according to any one of claims 13 or 14, wherein the at least one edge punch (2c) at least one of the edge tool parts relative to the other punches (2a, 2b) is movably mounted, preferably by means of at least one hydraulic actuating means is mounted force-acting.

16. Device according to one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the device

and / or the forming tool is in an inclined position with respect to the displacement direction (4).

17. Device according to one of claims 12 to 16, wherein the forming tool Umformrandgesenk (3a) with calibration function, in particular a

height-adjustable Umformrandgesenk (3a) with calibration function, optionally with an inner hold-down (10).

18. Device according to one of claims 12 to 17, wherein the forming tool has means for blocking the flow of material beyond the component boundary addition, in particular lateral or end-side shut-off walls (9), and / or optionally means for clamping individual bottom portions of the preformed component (1 ).