WO2019063708A1 - 3-phénylquinazolin-4(3h)-ones substitués et leurs utilisations - Google Patents

3-phénylquinazolin-4(3h)-ones substitués et leurs utilisations Download PDF

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WO2019063708A1
WO2019063708A1 PCT/EP2018/076303 EP2018076303W WO2019063708A1 WO 2019063708 A1 WO2019063708 A1 WO 2019063708A1 EP 2018076303 W EP2018076303 W EP 2018076303W WO 2019063708 A1 WO2019063708 A1 WO 2019063708A1
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diazabicyclo
compound
general formula
methyl
hydrogen atom
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PCT/EP2018/076303
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NUNEZ Eloisa JIMENEZ
Julian BORISSOFF
Michael Hahn
Lisa Dietz
GAUGAZ Fabienne ZDENKA
Eckhard Bender
Dieter Lang
Anja Giese
Kai Thede
Ludwig Zorn
Melissa BOULTADAKIS ARAPINIS
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Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Bayer Pharma Aktiengesellschaft
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
    • C07D239/70—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D239/72—Quinazolines; Hydrogenated quinazolines
    • C07D239/86—Quinazolines; Hydrogenated quinazolines with hetero atoms directly attached in position 4
    • C07D239/88—Oxygen atoms
    • C07D239/91—Oxygen atoms with aryl or aralkyl radicals attached in position 2 or 3
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/10—Spiro-condensed systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D491/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00
    • C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D491/10—Spiro-condensed systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D498/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D498/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D498/08—Bridged systems

Definitions

  • the present invention covers substituted 3-Phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one compounds of general formula (I) as described and defined herein, methods of preparing said compounds, intermediate compounds useful for preparing said compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and combinations comprising said compounds, and the use of said compounds for manufacturing pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment or prophylaxis of diseases, in particular for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of various inflammatory and fibrotic diseases of the respiratory tract and of the lungs as well as lung cancer, as a sole agent or in combination with other active ingredients.
  • Wnt/ -catenin signaling is a highly evolutionarily conserved pathway that plays a central role in the regulation of multiple biological developmental and adult processes such as cell fate determination, cell polarity, division, proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, tissue regeneration and homeostasis.
  • Wnt ⁇ -catenin signaling is essential for the organogenesis of various systems including heart, lungs, skin, intestines, muscles, bone, prostate, brain and kidney.
  • Wnt signaling Other non-canonical routes of Wnt signaling are considered to operate in a more ⁇ -catenin-independent manner.
  • some Wnt ligands/Fzd receptors have been shown to promote intracellular Ca 2+ release, resulting in the activation of kinases such as protein kinase C (PKC) and Ca 2+ -calmodulin- dependent protein kinase II (CamKII) (Nat Rev Immunol. 2008 Aug;8(8):581 -93).
  • PKC protein kinase C
  • Ca 2+ -calmodulin- dependent protein kinase II Ca 2+ -calmodulin- dependent protein kinase II
  • Wnt ligands can also bind to Fzd receptors independently of LRP and stimulate GTPases Rho and Rac, the latter governing ROCK and J K signaling, respectively.
  • both Wnt/Ca 2+ and PCP non-canonical pathways are closely interconnected with the canonical ⁇ -catenin-dependent Wnt pathway and could either activate or inhibit the ⁇ -catenin-driven TCF signaling depending on the biological context.
  • Complex co-switch mechanisms and signaling network cross-talks between the different Wnt pathways have been reported (Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2010 Jun;l 1(6):404-13).
  • Wnt/ -catenin signaling could result due to genetic perturbations or alterations in the cellular expression, synthesis and function of different receptors, proteins and effector molecules that regulate Wnt signal transduction.
  • Dysregulated Wnt/ -catenin signaling has been implicated in the pathophysiology of numerous hereditary disorders, pathological conditions and diseases (Cellular Signalling 27 (2015) 1380-1391). That is why inhibitors of the canonical Wnt/ -catenin signaling are described for treating a wide range of acute or chronic respiratory and cardio-respiratory diseases (Respir Res. 2006 Jan 26;7: 15).
  • Lung diseases occur as a result of tissue damage to the lung (epithelium, parenchyma, vasculature), which could be caused by different genetic predispositions, infectious or non-infectious acute and chronic stimuli (including but not limited to viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi, drugs, toxins, smoke, aerosols, allergens, mechanical injury, radiation). This leads to the stimulation of host-defense, homeostatic control and tissue repairing mechanisms and pathways.
  • Wnt/ -catenin signaling governs biological processes such as: cell-cell adhesion, inflammation, immune system regulation, stem cell maintenance, re-epithelialization, cell fate determination, cell polarity, division, proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation fibroblast activation, connective tissue synthesis, wound healing, fibrosis.
  • EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition
  • fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation fibroblast activation connective tissue synthesis, wound healing, fibrosis.
  • Wnt/ -catenin signaling inhibitors for the treatment of different respiratory disorders has been demonstrated in various rodent experimental animal models of lung diseases. Inhibition of Wnt/ -catenin signaling suppresses bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating the expression of TGF- ⁇ and FGF-2 in vivo and in vitro (Exp Mol Pathol. 2016 Aug;101(l):22-30).
  • ICG-001 a selective inhibitor of Wnt/beta-catenin-dependent transcription
  • results in attenuation of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice preserves the epithelium, whereas late administration is able to reverse established fibrosis and significantly improves survival
  • Intratracheal treatment with ⁇ -catenin siRNA significantly reduces ⁇ -catenin expression, pulmonary fibrosis and collagen synthesis in bleomycin-administered mice compared to controls (Tohoku J Exp Med. 2011 Jan;223(l):45-54).
  • Wnt3a has been reported to activate Wnt/ -catenin signaling in lung fibroblasts, thus enhancing the expression of collagen I, vimentin and a-smooth muscle actin and other profibrotic signals (J Cell Physiol. 2014 Feb;229(2):213-24).
  • NSC668036 a small organic inhibitor of the PDZ domain in Dvl, suppressed ⁇ -catenin-driven gene transcription and abolished TGF- ⁇ -induced migration, expression of collagen I and ⁇ -smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) in fibroblasts in vitro, but also significantly suppressed lung fibrogenesis in vivo (Exp Cell Res. 2015 Feb 1 ;331(1): 115-22).
  • Targeting the Wnt/ -catenin signaling pathway by the means of a porcupine inhibitor GNF6231 also provides a therapeutic benefit to skin and lung fibrosis as it prevents progression of fibrosis and shows evidence of reversal of established fibrosis (Ann Rheum Dis.
  • Wnt/ -catenin signaling pathway is considered to also play a crucial role in pulmonary vascular remodeling (PLoS One. 2011 Apr 18;6(4):el 8883), therefore inhibition of canonical Wnt/ ⁇ -catenin signaling is an important therapeutic approach to prevent and/or reverse pulmonary vascular pathology in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (Drug Discov Today. 2014 Aug;19(8): 1270-6; Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2014 Sep l ;307(5):C415-30; J Clin Invest. 2009 Sep;119(9):2538-49).
  • Inhibition of Wnt/p-catenin signaling therefore represents an effective principle in the treatment of various inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary and cardiovascular disorders. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide novel compounds for the prophylaxis or treatment of abnormal Wnt/ ⁇ - catenin signaling disorders, in particular of inflammatory and fibrotic diseases of the respiratory tract and of the lungs, in humans and animals.
  • WO 2003/0334 76 describes substituted pyrimidinones as antagonists of the melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) for treating obesity, diabetes, depression or anxiety
  • MCHR1 melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1
  • WO 2008/079787 describes inter alia substituted phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones as ADP receptor antagonists for the treatment of thrombosis
  • WO 2004/037176 describes inter alia substituted quinazolin-4(3H)-ones as factor Xa inhibitors for the treatment of thrombosis
  • WO 00/55153, EP 1 163237 Bl , US 7,008,945 Bl , US 7,332,483 BB and US 7,442,704 BB describe substituted phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones and their use in the treatment of diseases mediated by cytokines.
  • the invention provides compounds of the formula
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl or a halogen atom
  • R 2 represents a 3- to 7-membered carbocycle or a 4- to 7-membered heterocycle
  • any 3- to 7-membered carbocycle and any 4- to 7-membered heterocycle are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, (Ci-C i)-alkyl, amino, mono-(Ci-C4)-alkylamino, di-(Ci-C4)-alkylamino, hydroxy, cyano, (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonyl, (Ci-C4)-alkylcarbonyloxy, (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonylamino, mono- (Ci-C4)-alkylaminocarbonyloxy, di-(Ci-C4)-alkylaminocarbonyloxy, (Ci-C4)-alkoxy and trifluoromethoxy,
  • R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl or a halogen atom
  • R 4 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, (Ci-C 4 )-alkyl and (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl,
  • (Ci-C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, (Ci-C4)-alkoxy, cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,
  • R 5 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom and (Ci-C 4 )-alkyl
  • R 4 and R 5 together with the carbon atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered carbocycle or a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle,
  • 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with one or two (Ci-C i)-alkyl groups and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,
  • R 6 represents #-NR u R 12 , di-(Ci-C4)-alkylamino or (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonylamino,
  • # represents the point of attachment to the carbon atom in alpha position to the carbonyl of the amide group
  • R u and R 12 represent (Ci-C 4 )-alkyl
  • R 11 and R 12 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4- to 10-membered mono- or bicyclic azaheterocycle
  • said 4- to 10-membered azaheterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, (Ci-C4)-alkoxy, oxo and (C1-C4)- alkyl,
  • R 7 represents a group selected from trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, monofluoromethoxy, methoxymethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, trifluoromethoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethoxy, (C1-C4)- alkoxycarbonymethyl, and 2-hydroxypropan-2-yl,
  • R 8 represents a hydrogen atom or fluorine
  • R 9 represents a hydrogen atom or fluorine
  • R 10 represents a hydrogen atom or fluorine
  • substituted means that one or more hydrogen atoms on the designated atom or group are replaced with a selection from the indicated group, provided that the designated atom's normal valency under the existing circumstances is not exceeded. Combinations of substituents and/or variables are permissible.
  • optionally substituted means that the number of substituents can be equal to or different from zero. Unless otherwise indicated, it is possible that optionally substituted groups are substituted with as many optional substituents as can be accommodated by replacing a hydrogen atom with a non- hydrogen substituent on any available carbon atom or heteroatom. Commonly, it is possible for the number of optional substituents, when present, to be 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5, in particular 1 , 2 or 3.
  • the term "one or more”, e.g. in the definition of the substituents of the compounds of general formula (I) of the present invention, means “1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5, particularly 1 , 2, 3 or 4, more particularly 1 , 2 or 3, even more particularly 1 or 2".
  • an oxo substituent represents an oxygen atom, which is bound to a carbon atom or to a sulfur atom via a double bond.
  • ring substituent means a substituent attached to an aromatic or nonaromatic ring which replaces an available hydrogen atom on the ring.
  • halogen atom means a fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atom, particularly a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom, even more particularly fluorine or chlorine.
  • Ci-C i-alkyl and “Ci-C6-alkyl” means a linear or branched, saturated, monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 , 2, 3, or 4 carbon atoms, and 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms, e.g.
  • said group has 1 , 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms ("Ci-C4-alkyl”), e.g. a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec -butyl isobutyl, or teri-butyl group, more particularly 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms (“Ci-C3-alkyl”), e.g. a methyl, ethyl, ⁇ -propyl or isopropyl group.
  • Ci-C i-alkoxy means a linear or branched, saturated, monovalent group of formula (Ci-C4-alkyl)-0-, in which the term "Ci-C i-alkyl” is as defined supra, e.g. a methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, eobutoxy, isobutoxy, teri-butoxy, or an isomer thereof.
  • C3-C6-cycloalkyl and “Cs-Ce-cycloalkyl” and “3- to 6-membered carbocycle”, “3- to 7- membered carbocycle”and “4- to 6-membered carbocycle” means a saturated, monovalent, mono- or bicyclic hydrocarbon ring which contains 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 carbon atoms ("C3-C6-cycloalkyl").
  • Said C3-C6- cycloalkyl group is for example, a monocyclic hydrocarbon ring, e.g. a cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl group, or a bicyclic hydrocarbon ring.
  • (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl and “C3-C8-cycloalkyl” mean a saturated, monovalent, mono- or bicyclic hydrocarbon ring which contains 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms ("C3-C8-cycloalkyl").
  • Said C3- C8-cycloalkyl group is for example, a monocyclic hydrocarbon ring, e.g. a cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl or cyclooctyl group, or a bicyclic hydrocarbon ring, e.g. a bicyclo[4.2.0]octyl or octahydropentalenyl.
  • 3- to 6-membered heterocycle means a monocyclic or bicyclic, saturated heterocycle with 4 to 10, 3 to 6, 4 to 6, 4 to 7 or 5 to 6 ring atoms in total, respectively, which contains one or two ring heteroatoms from the group consisting of N, O, S, SO and SO 2 and which is attached via a ring carbon atom or, if appropriate, a ring nitrogen atom.
  • azetidinyl oxetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, thiolanyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, morpho- linyl, thiomorpholinyl, hexahydroazepinyl and hexahydro-l,4-diazepinyl.
  • 3- to 6-membered azaheterocycle means a monocyclic or bicyclic, saturated heterocycle with 4 to 10, 3 to 6, 4 to 6 or 5 to 6, ring atoms in total, which contains a nitrogen atom and which may additionally contain one or two further ring heteroatoms from the group consisting of N, O, S, SO and SO2 and is attached via a ring nitrogen atom.
  • Said azaheterocycle can be a 4-membered ring, such as azetidinyl, oxetanyl or thietanyl, for example; or a 5-membered ring, such as tetrahydrofuranyl, 1,3-dioxolanyl, thiolanyl, pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, 1 , 1 -dioxidothiolanyl, 1 ,2-oxazolidinyl,
  • oxazolidinyl or 1,3-thiazolidinyl for example; or a 6-membered ring, such as tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, dithianyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperazinyl, 1 ,3 -dioxanyl,
  • Said bicyclic heterocycloalkyl group can be azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, oxazabicyclo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, thiazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, azabicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, oxazabicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, thiazabicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, azabicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, oxazabicyclo[3.2.1 ]octyl, thiazabicyclo[3.2.1 ]octyl, azabicyclo[3.3.1 ]nonyl, diazabicyclo[3.3.1 ]nonyl, oxazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonyl,
  • 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl and “5- to 10-membered heteroaryl” means a mono- or optionally bicyclic aromatic heterocycle (heteroaromatic) having a total of 5 to 6 or 5 to 10 ring atoms which contains up to three identical or different ring heteroatoms from the group consisting of N, O and/or S and is attached via a ring carbon atom or optionally via a ring nitrogen atom.
  • furyl pyrrolyl, thienyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzotriazolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, phthalazinyl, pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridinyl.
  • Heteroaryl in the context of the invention preferably represents a monocyclic aromatic heterocycle (heteroaromatic) which has a total of 5 or 6 ring atoms, which contains up to three identical or different ring heteroatoms from the group consisting of N, O and S and is attached via a ring carbon atom or, if appropriate, a ring nitrogen atom.
  • heterocycle monocyclic aromatic heterocycle (heteroaromatic) which has a total of 5 or 6 ring atoms, which contains up to three identical or different ring heteroatoms from the group consisting of N, O and S and is attached via a ring carbon atom or, if appropriate, a ring nitrogen atom.
  • furyl pyrrolyl, thienyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl and triazinyl.
  • Mono-(Ci-C4)-alkylamino in the context of the invention means an amino group with one straight-chain or branched alkyl substituent which contains 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, such as: methylamino, ethylamino, n-propylamino, isopropylamino, n-butylamino, and tert-butylamino, for example.
  • Di-(Ci-C4)-alkylamino in the context of the invention means an amino group with two identical or different straight-chain or branched alkyl substituents which each contain 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, such as: NN-dimethylamino, NN-diethylamino, N-ethyl-N-methylamino, N-methyl-N-n-propylamino, N- isopropyl-N-methylamino, N-isopropyl-N-n-propylamino, NN-diisopropylamino, N-n-butyl-N-methyl- amino, and N-teri-butyl-N-methylamino, for example.
  • An oxo substituent in the context of the invention means an oxygen atom, which is bound to a carbon atom via a double bond
  • heteroaryl or heteroarylene groups include all possible isomeric forms thereof, e.g. : tautomers and positional isomers with respect to the point of linkage to the rest of the molecule.
  • pyridinyl includes pyridin-2-yl, pyridin-3-yl and pyridin-4-yl; or the term thienyl includes thien-2-yl and thien-3-yl.
  • C1-C4 as used in the present text, e.g. in the context of the definition of "Ci-C4-alkyl” or "Ci-C4-alkoxy”, means an alkyl group having a finite number of carbon atoms of 1 to 4, i.e. 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon atoms.
  • Ci-Ce as used in the present text, e.g. in the context of the definition of "Ci-C6-alkyl” means an alkyl group having a finite number of carbon atoms of 1 to 6, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms.
  • C3-C6 as used in the present text, e.g. in the context of the definition of "C3-C6-cycloalkyl”, means a cycloalkyl group having a finite number of carbon atoms of 3 to 6, i.e. 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms.
  • C3-C8 as used in the present text, e.g. in the context of the definition of "C3-C8-cycloalkyl”, means a cycloalkyl group having a finite number of carbon atoms of 3 to 8, i.e. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms.
  • C1-C4 encompasses Ci, C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , G-C 4 , C1-C3, C1-C2, C2-C4, C2-C3, and C 3 -C 4 ;
  • C1-C3 encompasses Ci, C 2 , C 3 , C1-C3, C1-C2, and C2-C3;
  • C2-C4 encompasses C2, C3, C 4 , C2-C4, C2-C3, and C3-C4;
  • C 3 -C 6 encompasses C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6 , C 3 -C 6 , C3-C5, C3-C4, C 4 -C 6 , C4-C5, and C 5 -C 6 ;
  • the term "leaving group” means an atom or a group of atoms that is displaced in a chemical reaction as stable species taking with it the bonding electrons.
  • a leaving group is selected from the group comprising: halide, in particular fluoride, chloride, bromide or iodide, (methylsulfonyl)oxy (mesyl(ate), Ms), [(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]oxy (triflyl/(ate), Tf), [(nonafluoro- butyl)sulfonyl]oxy (nonaflate, Nf), (phenylsulfonyl)oxy, [(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]oxy, [(4-bromo- phenyl)sulfonyl]oxy, [(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]oxy, [(2-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]oxy, [(4
  • the invention therefore includes one or more isotopic variant(s) of the compounds of general formula (I), particularly deuterium-containing compounds of general formula (I).
  • Isotopic variant of a compound or a reagent is defined as a compound exhibiting an unnatural proportion of one or more of the isotopes that constitute such a compound.
  • Isotopic variant of the compound of general formula (I) is defined as a compound of general formula (I) exhibiting an unnatural proportion of one or more of the isotopes that constitute such a compound.
  • unnatural proportion means a proportion of such isotope which is higher than its natural abundance.
  • the natural abundances of isotopes to be applied in this context are described in "Isotopic Compositions of the Elements 1997", Pure Appl. Chem., 70(1), 217-235, 1998.
  • isotopes examples include stable and radioactive isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, such as 2 H (deuterium), 3 H (tritium), U C, 13 C, 14 C, 15 N, 17 0, 18 0, 32 P, 33 P, 33 S, 34 S, 35 S, 36 S, 18 F, 36 C1, 82 Br, 123 I, 124 I, 125 I, 129 I and 131 I, respectively.
  • stable and radioactive isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine such as 2 H (deuterium), 3 H (tritium), U C, 13 C, 14 C, 15 N, 17 0, 18 0, 32 P, 33 P, 33 S, 34 S, 35 S, 36 S, 18 F, 36 C1, 82 Br, 123 I, 124 I, 125 I, 129 I and 131 I, respectively.
  • the isotopic variant(s) of the compounds of general formula (I) preferably contain deuterium ("deuterium-containing compounds of general formula (I)").
  • Isotopic variants of the compounds of general formula (I) in which one or more radioactive isotopes, such as 3 H or 14 C, are incorporated are useful e.g. in drug and/or substrate tissue distribution studies. These isotopes are particularly preferred for the ease of their incorporation and detectability.
  • Positron emitting isotopes such as 18 F or U C may be incorporated into a compound of general formula (I).
  • These isotopic variants of the compounds of general formula (I) are useful for in vivo imaging applications.
  • Deuterium-containing and 13 C-containing compounds of general formula (I) can be used in mass spectrometry analyses in the context of preclinical or clinical studies.
  • Isotopic variants of the compounds of general formula (I) can generally be prepared by methods known to a person skilled in the art, such as those described in the schemes and/or examples herein, by substituting a reagent for an isotopic variant of said reagent, preferably for a deuterium-containing reagent.
  • a reagent for an isotopic variant of said reagent preferably for a deuterium-containing reagent.
  • deuterium from D 2 O can be incorporated either directly into the compounds or into reagents that are useful for synthesizing such compounds (Esaki et al., Tetrahedron, 2006, 62, 10954; Esaki et al., Chem. Eur. J., 2007, 13, 4052).
  • Deuterium gas is also a useful reagent for incorporating deuterium into molecules.
  • deuterated reagents and synthetic building blocks are commercially available from companies such as for example C/D/N Isotopes, Quebec, Canada; Cambridge Isotope Laboratories Inc., Andover, MA, USA; and CombiPhos Catalysts, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA. Further information on the state of the art with respect to deuterium-hydrogen exchange is given for example in Hanzlik et al., J. Org. Chem. 55, 3992-3997, 1990; R. P.
  • deuterium-containing compound of general formula (I) is defined as a compound of general formula (I), in which one or more hydrogen atom(s) is/are replaced by one or more deuterium atom(s) and in which the abundance of deuterium at each deuterated position of the compound of general formula (I) is higher than the natural abundance of deuterium, which is about 0.015%.
  • the abundance of deuterium at each deuterated position of the compound of general formula (I) is higher than 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% or 80%, preferably higher than 90%, 95%, 96% or 97%, even more preferably higher than 98% or 99% at said position(s). It is understood that the abundance of deuterium at each deuterated position is independent of the abundance of deuterium at other deuterated position(s).
  • the selective incorporation of one or more deuterium atom(s) into a compound of general formula (I) may alter the physicochemical properties (such as for example acidity [C. L. Perrin, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2007, 129, 4490; A. Streitwieser et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1963, 85, 2759;], basicity [C. L. Perrin et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2005, 127, 9641 ; C. L. Perrin, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2003, 125, 15008; C. L.
  • deuterium-containing compound of general formula (I) can have important consequences with respect to the pharmacodynamics, tolerability and efficacy of a deuterium-containing compound of general formula (I).
  • deuterium substitution reduces or eliminates the formation of an undesired or toxic metabolite and enhances the formation of a desired metabolite (e.g. Nevirapine: A. M. Sharma et al., Chem. Res. Toxicol., 2013, 26, 410; Efavirenz: A. E. Mutlib et al., Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 2000, 169, 102).
  • the major effect of deuteration is to reduce the rate of systemic clearance.
  • Deuterated drugs showing this effect may have reduced dosing requirements (e.g. lower number of doses or lower dosage to achieve the desired effect) and/or may produce lower metabolite loads.
  • a compound of general formula (I) may have multiple potential sites of attack for metabolism.
  • deuterium- containing compounds of general formula (I) having a certain pattern of one or more deuterium- hydrogen exchange(s) can be selected.
  • the deuterium atom(s) of deuterium-containing compound(s) of general formula (I) is/are attached to a carbon atom and/or is/are located at those positions of the compound of general formula (I), which are sites of attack for metabolizing enzymes such as e.g. cytochrome P450.
  • the present invention concerns a deuterium-containing compound of general formula (I) having 1, 2, 3 or 4 deuterium atoms, particularly with 1, 2 or 3 deuterium atoms.
  • stable compound' or “stable structure” is meant a compound that is sufficiently robust to survive isolation to a useful degree of purity from a reaction mixture, and formulation into an efficacious therapeutic agent.
  • the compounds of the present invention optionally contain one or more asymmetric centres, depending upon the location and nature of the various substituents desired. It is possible that one or more asymmetric carbon atoms are present in the (R) or (S) configuration, which can result in racemic mixtures in the case of a single asymmetric centre, and in diastereomeric mixtures in the case of multiple asymmetric centres. In certain instances, it is possible that asymmetry also be present due to restricted rotation about a given bond, for example, the central bond adjoining two substituted aromatic rings of the specified compounds.
  • Preferred compounds are those which produce the more desirable biological activity.
  • Separated, pure or partially purified isomers and stereoisomers or racemic or diastereomeric mixtures of the compounds of the present invention are also included within the scope of the present invention.
  • the purification and the separation of such materials can be accomplished by standard techniques known in the art.
  • the optical isomers can be obtained by resolution of the racemic mixtures according to conventional processes, for example, by the formation of diastereoisomeric salts using an optically active acid or base or formation of covalent diastereomers.
  • appropriate acids are tartaric, diacetyltartaric, ditoluoyltartaric and camphorsulfonic acid.
  • Mixtures of diastereoisomers can be separated into their individual diastereomers on the basis of their physical and/or chemical differences by methods known in the art, for example, by chromatography or fractional crystallisation.
  • the optically active bases or acids are then liberated from the separated diastereomeric salts.
  • a different process for separation of optical isomers involves the use of chiral chromatography (e.g. , HPLC columns using a chiral phase), with or without conventional derivatisation, optimally chosen to maximise the separation of the enantiomers.
  • Suitable HPLC columns using a chiral phase are commercially available, such as those manufactured by Daicel, e.g., Chiracel OD and Chiracel OJ, for example, among many others, which are all routinely selectable.
  • Enzymatic separations, with or without derivatisation are also useful.
  • the optically active compounds of the present invention can likewise be obtained by chiral syntheses utilizing optically active starting materials. In order to distinguish different types of isomers from each other reference is made to IUPAC Rules Section E (Pure Appl Chem 45, 11 -30, 1976).
  • the present invention includes all possible stereoisomers of the compounds of the present invention as single stereoisomers, or as any mixture of said stereoisomers, e.g. (R)- or (S)- isomers, in any ratio.
  • Isolation of a single stereoisomer, e.g. a single enantiomer or a single diastereomer, of a compound of the present invention is achieved by any suitable state of the art method, such as chromatography, especially chiral chromatography, for example.
  • any compound of the present invention which contains an imidazopyridine moiety as a heteroaryl group for example can exist as a 1H tautomer, or a 3H tautomer, or even a mixture in any amount of the two tautomers, namely :
  • the present invention includes all possible tautomers of the compounds of the present invention as single tautomers, or as any mixture of said tautomers, in any ratio.
  • the present invention also covers useful forms of the compounds of the present invention, such as metabolites, hydrates, solvates, prodrugs, salts, in particular pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and/or co-precipitates.
  • the compounds of the present invention can exist as a hydrate, or as a solvate, wherein the compounds of the present invention contain polar solvents, in particular water, methanol or ethanol for example, as structural element of the crystal lattice of the compounds. It is possible for the amount of polar solvents, in particular water, to exist in a stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric ratio.
  • polar solvents in particular water
  • stoichiometric solvates e.g. a hydrate, hemi-, (semi-), mono-, sesqui-, di-, tri-, terra-, penta- etc. solvates or hydrates, respectively, are possible.
  • the present invention includes all such hydrates or solvates.
  • the compounds of the present invention may exist in free form, e.g. as a free base, or as a free acid, or as a zwitterion, or to exist in the form of a salt, in particular as a free acid.
  • Said salt may be any salt, either an organic or inorganic addition salt, particularly any pharmaceutically acceptable organic or inorganic addition salt, which is customarily used in pharmacy, or which is used, for example, for isolating or purifying the compounds of the present invention.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salt refers to an inorganic or organic acid addition salt of a compound of the present invention.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salt refers to an inorganic or organic acid addition salt of a compound of the present invention.
  • S. M. Berge, et al. “Pharmaceutical Salts,” Pharm. Sci. 1977, 66, 1-19.
  • a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compounds of the present invention may be, for example, an acid-addition salt of a compound of the present invention bearing a nitrogen atom, in a chain or in a ring, for example, which is sufficiently basic, such as an acid-addition salt with an inorganic acid, or "mineral acid", such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, sulfuric, sulfamic, bisulfuric, phosphoric, or nitric acid, for example, or with an organic acid, such as formic, acetic, acetoacetic, pyruvic, trifluoroacetic, propionic, butyric, hexanoic, heptanoic, undecanoic, lauric, benzoic, salicylic, 2-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-benzoic, camphoric, cinnamic, cyclopentanepropionic, digluconic, 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic, nico
  • an alkali metal salt for example a sodium or potassium salt
  • an alkaline earth metal salt for example a calcium, magnesium or strontium salt, or an aluminium or a zinc salt
  • the present invention covers a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of compounds of general formula (I), (I-C), supra, which is an alkali metal salt, in particular a sodium or potassium salt, or an ammonium salt derived from an organic tertiary amine, in particular choline.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of compounds of general formula (I), (I-C), supra which is an alkali metal salt, in particular a sodium or potassium salt, or an ammonium salt derived from an organic tertiary amine, in particular choline.
  • acid addition salts of the claimed compounds to be prepared by reaction of the compounds with the appropriate inorganic or organic acid via any of a number of known methods.
  • alkali and alkaline earth metal salts of acidic compounds of the present invention are prepared by reacting the compounds of the present invention with the appropriate base via a variety of known methods.
  • the present invention includes all possible salts of the compounds of the present invention as single salts, or as any mixture of said salts, in any ratio.
  • in vivo hydrolysable ester means an in vivo hydrolysable ester of a compound of the present invention containing a carboxy or hydroxy group, for example, a pharmaceutically acceptable ester which is hydro lysed in the human or animal body to produce the parent acid or alcohol.
  • suitable pharmaceutically acceptable esters for carboxy include for example alkyl, cycloalkyl and optionally substituted phenylalkyl, in particular benzyl esters, Ci-Ce alkoxymethyl esters, e.g. methoxymethyl, Ci-Ce alkanoyloxymethyl esters, e.g.
  • esters pivaloyloxymethyl, phthalidyl esters, C3-C8 cycloalkoxy-carbonyloxy-Ci-C6 alkyl esters, e.g. 1 -cyclohexylcarbonyloxyethyl ; l ,3-dioxolen-2- onylmethyl esters, e.g. 5-methyl-l ,3-dioxolen-2-onylmethyl ; and Ci-C6-alkoxycarbonyloxyethyl esters, e.g. 1 -methoxycarbonyloxyethyl, it being possible for said esters to be formed at any carboxy group in the compounds of the present invention.
  • An in vivo hydrolysable ester of a compound of the present invention containing a hydroxy group includes inorganic esters such as phosphate esters and [alpha] -acyloxyalkyl ethers and related compounds which as a result of the in vivo hydrolysis of the ester breakdown to give the parent hydroxy group.
  • inorganic esters such as phosphate esters and [alpha] -acyloxyalkyl ethers and related compounds which as a result of the in vivo hydrolysis of the ester breakdown to give the parent hydroxy group.
  • [alpha] -acyloxyalkyl ethers include acetoxymethoxy and 2,2-dimethyl- propionyloxymethoxy.
  • a selection of in vivo hydrolysable ester forming groups for hydroxy include alkanoyl, benzoyl, phenylacetyl and substituted benzoyl and phenylacetyl, alkoxycarbonyl (to give alkyl carbonate esters), dialkylcarbamoyl and N-(dialkylaminoethyl)-N-alkylcarbamoyl (to give carbamates), dialkylaminoacetyl and carboxyacetyl.
  • the present invention covers all such esters.
  • the present invention includes all possible crystalline forms, or polymorphs, of the compounds of the present invention, either as single polymorph, or as a mixture of more than one polymorph, in any ratio.
  • the present invention also includes prodrugs of the compounds according to the invention.
  • prodrugs here designates compounds which themselves can be biologically active or inactive, but are converted (for example metabolically or hydrolytically) into compounds according to the invention during their residence time in the body.
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or fluorine
  • R 2 represents a 3- to 6-membered carbocycle or a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle
  • any 3- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted with up to two fluorine atoms
  • any 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, (Ci-C i)-alkyl, hydroxy, amino, cyano, (C1-C4)- alkoxycarbonyl, (Ci-C i)-alkylcarbonyloxy, (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonylamino, mono-(Ci-C4)- alkylaminocarbonyloxy, di-(Ci-C4)-alkylaminocarbonyloxy, (Ci-C4)-alkoxy and trifluoromethoxy,
  • R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or fluorine
  • R 4 represents a group selected from methyl and ethyl
  • R 5 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom and methyl
  • R 4 and R 5 together with the carbon atom they are attached form a cyclopropyl ring, a cyclobutyl ring or an oxetane ring,
  • R 6 represents morpholin-4-yl, 6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-yl, 2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5- yl, 8-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl, 2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-yl, 4-methylpiperazin-l-yl, 4-ethylpiperazin-l-yl, 4-cyclopropylpiperazin-l-yl, 4-isopropylpiperazin-l-yl, 4- isobutylpiperazin-l -yl, 6-methyl-3,6-diazabicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-yl, 6-ethyl-3,6- diazabicyclo[3.1.1 ]hept-3-yl, 6-cyclopropyl-3,6-diazabicyclo[3.1.1 ]hept-3-yl, 6-isopropyl-3
  • R 7 represents a group selected from trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, methoxymethyl, 2,2,2- trifluoroethoxy, 2-methoxyethoxy and 2-hydroxypropan-2-yl,
  • R 8 represents a hydrogen atom or fluorine
  • R 9 represents a hydrogen atom or fluorine
  • R 10 represents a hydrogen atom or fluorine
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or fluorine, represents cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, oxetan-3-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, tetrahydro-2H- pyran-4-yl
  • cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl or cyclopentyl is optionally substituted with hydroxy, (C1-C4)- alkoxy, (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonylamino, (Ci-C4)-alkyl and optionally with up to two fluorine atoms,
  • R 13 represents a hydrogen atom, (Ci-C4)-alkoxy, (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonylamino or hydroxy
  • R 14 represents a hydrogen atom or (Ci-C4)-alkyl
  • R 15 represents a hydrogen atom, (Ci-C4)-alkoxy, (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonylamino or hydroxy
  • R 16 represents (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonyl
  • R 17 represents a hydrogen atom or (Ci-C4)-alkyl
  • R 18 represents a hydrogen atom or (Ci-C4)-alkyl
  • R 17 and R 18 together with the carbon atom they are attached represent a carbonyl group
  • R 19 represents (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonyl
  • R 20 represents (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonyl
  • R 21 represents (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonylamino, (Ci-C4)-alkoxy or hydroxy
  • R 22 represents (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonylamino, (Ci-C4)-alkoxy or hydroxy
  • R 5 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom and methyl
  • R 4 and R 5 together with the carbon atom they are attached form a cyclopropyl ring
  • R 6 represents morpholin-4-yl, 6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.1.1 ]hept-3-yl, 8-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl, 4-methylpiperazin- 1 -yl, 6-methyl-3 ,6-diazabicyclo [3.1.1 ]hept-3 -yl, 8-methyl-3 , 8- diazabicyclo[3.2.1 ]oct-3-yl, 3-oxa-7-azabicyclo[3.3.1 ]non-7-yl, 7-methyl-3,7-diazabicyclo- [3.3.1]non-3-yl, 4-methyl-l ,4-diazepan-l -yl, 1 ,4-oxazepan-4-yl or (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonylamino, in which morpholin-4-yl, 6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-yl, 8-oxa
  • R 7 represents a group selected from trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, methoxymethyl, 2,2,2- trifluoroethoxy, 2-methoxyethoxy and 2-hydroxypropan-2-yl,
  • R 8 represents a hydrogen atom
  • R 9 represents a hydrogen atom
  • R 10 represents a hydrogen atom
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom
  • R 2 represents cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, oxetan-3-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl or
  • R 14 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl
  • R 15 represents a hydrogen atom or hydroxy
  • R 16 represents (Ci-C i)-alkoxycarbonyl
  • R 17 represents a hydrogen atom
  • R 18 represents a hydrogen atom
  • R 17 and R 18 together with the carbon atom they are attached represent a carbonyl group
  • R 19 represents (Ci-C i)-alkoxycarbonyl
  • R 20 represents (Ci-C i)-alkoxycarbonyl
  • R 21 represents (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonylamino
  • R 22 represents (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonylamino
  • R 3 represents a hydrogen atom
  • R 4 represents methyl
  • R 5 represents a hydrogen atom
  • R 4 and R 5 together with the carbon atom they are attached form a cyclopropyl ring
  • R 6 represents morpholin-4-yl, 6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.1.1 ]hept-3-yl, 8-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl or 4-methylpiperazin-l -yl,
  • R 7 represents a group selected from trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, methoxymethyl,
  • R 8 represents a hydrogen atom
  • R 9 represents a hydrogen atom
  • R 10 represents a hydrogen atom
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom
  • R 2 represents cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, oxetan-3-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl or
  • R 13 represents a hydros *en atom, methoxy or hydroxy
  • R 15 represents a hydros *en atom or hydroxy
  • R 16 represents (Ci-C i)-alkoxycarbonyl
  • R 17 represents a hydros *en atom
  • R 17 and R 18 together with the carbon atom they are attached represent a carbonyl group
  • R 19 represents (Ci-C i)-alkoxycarbonyl
  • R 20 represents (Ci-C i)-alkoxycarbonyl
  • R 21 represents (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonylamino
  • R 22 represents (Ci-C4)-alkoxycarbonylamino
  • R 3 represents represents a hydrogen atom
  • R 4 represents methyl
  • R 4 and R 5 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a cyclopropyl ring
  • R 4 and R 5 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a cyclopropyl ring
  • R 6 represents morpholin-4-yl, 6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-yl, 8-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl or 4-methylpiperazin-l-yl,
  • R 6 represents morpholin-4-yl or 4-methylpiperazin-l-yl
  • morpholin-4-yl or 4-methylpiperazin-l -yl are optionally substituted with methyl, and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.
  • R 7 represents a group selected from trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, methoxymethyl,
  • R 7 represents trifluoromethoxy
  • R 7 represents difluoromethoxy
  • the present invention covers combinations of two or more of the above mentioned embodiments under the heading "further embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention”.
  • the present invention covers any sub-combination within any embodiment or aspect of the present invention of compounds of general formula (I), supra.
  • the present invention covers the compounds of general formula (I) which are disclosed in the Example Section of this text, infra.
  • the present invention covers methods of preparing compounds of general formula (I) as defined supra, said methods comprising the step
  • R 1 , R 3 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra and,
  • X represents chlorine, bromine, iodine or triflate
  • R 1 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra and
  • X represents chlorine, bromine, iodine or triflate
  • R 1 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra and
  • X represents chlorine, bromine, iodine or triflate
  • X 1 represents hydrogen if X 1 is attached to a nitrogen atom
  • R 1 , R 3 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra and
  • X represents chlorine, bromine, iodine or triflate
  • R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, and X 2 represents chlorine or hydroxy
  • R 1 , R 3 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra and
  • X represents chlorine, bromine, iodine or triflate
  • X I represents hydrogen if X 1 is attached to a nitrogen atom
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,
  • X 2 represents chlorine or hydroxy
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 ,R 4 , R 5 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra and
  • the present invention covers methods of preparing compounds of the present invention of general formula (I), said methods comprising the steps as described in the Experimental Section herein.
  • Suitable bases for the process step (II) + (III) ⁇ (IV) and (II) + (VIII) ⁇ (VI) and (X) + (VIII) ⁇ (I) are the customary inorganic or organic bases.
  • These preferably include alkali metal hydroxides, for example lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate or caesium carbonate, if appropriate with addition of an alkali metal iodide, for example sodium iodide or potassium iodide, alkali alkoxides such as sodium methoxide or potassium methoxide, sodium ethoxide or potassium ethoxide or sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide, alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride or potassium hydride, amides such as sodium amide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or potassium bis(
  • Suitable condensing agents for the amide formation (II) + (VIII)—> (VI) and (X) + (VIII)—> (I) are, for example, carbodiimides such as NN'-diethyl-, NN'-dipropyl-, N,N'-diisopropyl-, N,N- dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) or N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), phosgene derivatives such as NN'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), 1 ,2-oxazolium compounds such as 2-ethyl-5 -phenyl- 1 ,2-oxazolium 3 -sulphate or 2-tert-butyl-5-methylisoxazolium perchlorate, acylamino compounds such as 2-ethoxy-l -ethoxycarbonyl-
  • the process steps (II) + (III) ⁇ (IV) and (II) + (VIII) ⁇ (VI) and (X) + (VIII) ⁇ (I) are generally carried out in a temperature range of from -10°C to +220°C, preferably in a range from +10°C to +150°C.
  • elevated pressure for example at from 0.5 to 5 bar.
  • standard pressure is employed.lt may optionally be advantageous to carry out the reaction with microwave irradiation.
  • Inert solvents for the amine coupling (IV) + (V)— » ⁇ (VI) are, for example, ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, hexane, cyclohexane or mineral oil fractions, halohydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethylene or chlorobenzene, or other solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, pyridine, dimethyl sulphoxide, NN-dimethylformamide, NN-dimethylacetamide, NN'-dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU) or N-methylpyrrolidone ( ⁇ ).
  • Suitable bases for the process step (IV) + (V)— » ⁇ (VI) are the customary inorganic or organic bases.
  • These preferably include alkali metal hydroxides, for example lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate or caesium carbonate, if appropriate with addition of an alkali metal iodide, for example sodium iodide or potassium iodide, alkali alkoxides such as sodium methoxide or potassium methoxide, sodium ethoxide or potassium ethoxide or sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide, alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride or potassium hydride, amides such as sodium amide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or lithium diisopropylamide, or organic amines such as tri
  • Suitable catalysts for the process step (IV) + (V)— » ⁇ (VI) are alkali metal iodides, for example sodium iodide, potassium iodide, sodium bromide, potassium bromide, tetrabutylammonium iodide, tetrabutylammonium bromide and DMAP. Preference is given to using potassium iodide.
  • the amine coupling (IV) + (V)—> (VI) is generally conducted within a temperature range from -20°C to +150°C, preferably at 0°C to +100°C.
  • the conversion can be effected at standard, elevated or reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar). In general, standard pressure is employed. It may optionally be advantageous to carry out the reaction with microwave irradiation.
  • Suitable inert solvents for the process steps (VI) + (VII)— »(I) and (II) + (VII)— » ⁇ (X) are aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylene, ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, bis-(2-methoxyethyl) ether, tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane, or dipolar aprotic solvents such as acetonitrile, NN-dimethylformamide (DMF), NN-dimethylacetamide (DMA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), NN-dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU), N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) or pyridine.
  • aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylene
  • mixtures of the solvents mentioned optionally also in a mixture with water.
  • Suitable bases for the process step (VI) + (VII)— »(I) and (II) + (VII) — » ⁇ (X)) are the customary inorganic or organic bases.
  • These preferably include alkali metal hydroxides, for example lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate or caesium carbonate, if appropriate with addition of an alkali metal iodide, for example sodium iodide or potassium iodide, alkali alkoxides such as sodium methoxide or potassium methoxide, sodium ethoxide or potassium ethoxide or sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide, alkali metal acetates such as sodium acetate or potassium acetate, alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride or potassium hydride, amides such as sodium amide, lithium
  • Suitable Palladium catalysts for the process (VI) + (VII)— »(I) and (II) + (VII)— » ⁇ (X) are, for example, palladium on activated carbon, palladium(II) acetate, bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium(0), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), bis(triphenyl-phosphine)palladium(II) chloride, bis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) chloride and [1,1 '-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II) and the corresponding dichloromethane complex, optionally in conjunction with additional phosphane ligands, for example l,4-Bis(diphenylphosphino)butane-palladium(II) chloride (Pd(dppb)Ch); Dichloro[l,3-bis(
  • precatalysts such as chloro-[2-(dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6- dimethoxy-2',4',6'-triisopropyl-l , 1 '-biphenyl] [2-(2-aminoethyl)-phenyl]palladium(II) (BrettPhos precatalyst) [cf, for example, S. L. Buchwald et al., Chem. Sci.
  • phosphane ligands such as 2-(dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6-dimethoxy-2',4',6'- triisopropyl- 1,1 '-biphenyl (BrettPhos); preference is given to bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium(0) in combination with 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (Xantphos) and chloro-[2- (dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6-dimethoxy-2',4',6'-triisopropyl-l,l '-biphenyl] [2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]- palladium(II) (BrettPhos precatalyst) or a mixture of chloro-[2-(dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6-dimeth
  • the process steps (VI) + (VII) ⁇ (I) and (II) + (VII)— » ⁇ (X) are generally carried out in a temperature range of from +10°C to +220°C, preferably from +20°C to +150°C, at atmospheric pressure. However, it is also possible to carry out the reaction at reduced or at elevated pressure (for example at from 0.5 to 5 bar). It may optionally be advantageous to carry out the reaction with microwave irradiation.
  • Inert solvents for the process step (XV)—> (I) are diethoxymethoxy) ethane, formic acid, NN-dimethyl- formamide (DMF), NN-dimethylacetamide (DMA) or DMF in a mixture with DMA. Preference is given to using diethoxymethoxy)ethane,
  • the process step (XV)— » ⁇ (I) is generally carried out in a temperature range of from -10°C to +220°C, preferably in a range from +10°C to +150°C. However, it is also possible to carry out the reaction at reduced or at elevated pressure (for example at from 0.5 to 5 bar). It may optionally be advantageous to carry out the reaction with microwave irradiation.
  • the compounds of the formula (II) can be prepared by
  • R 1 and R 3 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra and,
  • X represents chlorine, bromine, iodine or triflate
  • T 3 represents tert-butyl
  • R 1 , R 3 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra and,
  • X represents chlorine, bromine, iodine or triflate
  • T 3 represents tert-butyl, which is allowed to react with diethoxymethoxy)ethane, formic acid, NN-dimethylformamide (DMF), NN-dimethylacetamide (DMA) or DMF in a mixture with DMA thereby giving a compound of the formula (XIV),
  • X represents chlorine, bromine, iodine or triflate
  • T 2 represents (Ci-C i)-alkyl
  • X 1 represents hydrogen if X 1 is attached to a nitrogen atom
  • T 2 represents (Ci-C i)-alkyl, followed by cleavage of the ester by methods known to those skilled in the art, and then allowing the resulting compound of the formula (XVIII),
  • R 4 , R 5 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra and
  • R 4 and R 5 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, in a suitable inert solvent and where appropiate in the presence of a suitable base and where appropriate in the presence of a potassium iodide or halogen salts of quaternary ammonium, with a compound of general formula (V),
  • R 4 , R 5 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,
  • Inert solvents for the amide coupling (XI) + (XII) ⁇ (XIII) and (XVIII) + (XIX) ⁇ (XX) are, for example, ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, hexane, cyclohexane or mineral oil fractions, halohydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, 1,2- dichloroethane, trichloroethylene or chlorobenzene, or other solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, pyridine, dimethyl sulphoxide, NN-dimethylformamide, NN-dimethylacetamide, NN'- dimethylpropyleneurea
  • Suitable condensing agents for the amide formation (XI) + (XII) ⁇ (XIII) and (and (XVIII) + (XIX) ⁇ (XX) are, for example, carbodiimides such as NN'-diethyl-, NN'-dipropyl-, NN'-diisopropyl-, NN- dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) or N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), phosgene derivatives such as NN'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), 1 ,2-oxazolium compounds such as 2-ethyl-5 -phenyl- 1 ,2-oxazolium 3 -sulphate or 2-tert-butyl-5-methylisoxazolium perchlorate, acylamino compounds such as 2-ethoxy-l -eth
  • the condensation (XI) + (XII) ⁇ (XIII) and (XVIII) + (XIX) ⁇ (XX) are generally conducted within a temperature range from -20°C to +150°C, preferably at 0°C to +100°C.
  • the conversion can be effected at standard, elevated or reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar). In general, standard pressure is employed.
  • the carboxylic acid of the formula (XI) and (XVIII) can also first be converted to the corresponding carbonyl chloride and the latter can then be reacted directly or in a separate reaction with an amine of the formula (XII) and (XIX), respectively, to the compounds of the invention.
  • the formation of carbonyl chlorides from carboxylic acids is effected by the methods known to those skilled in the art, for example by treatment with thionyl chloride or oxalyl chloride, in the presence of a suitable base, for example in the presence of pyridine, and optionally with addition of dimethylformamide, optionally in a suitable inert solvent.
  • Suitable inert solvents for the process step (XrV) ⁇ (II) and (XX) ⁇ (XV) and (XXiV) ⁇ (XIX) for example, are water or alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, esters like ethyl acetate or butyl acetate, carboxylic acids like acetic acid, ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, 1 ,2-dimethoxyethane, bis-(2-methoxyethyl) ether, tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane, or dipolar a
  • Suitable reducing agents for the process step (XIV) ⁇ (II) and (XX) ⁇ (XV) and (XXrV) ⁇ (XIX) are for example Tin(II) chloride, Titanium (III) chloride, Iron(III) chloride, Titanium(IV) chloride, Tin, Iron, Zinc, Indium, Aluminum, Nickel or suitable catalysts, for example, palladium/carbon, palladium(II) hydroxide/carbon, platinum(IV) oxide, platinum and Raney nickel in a hydrogen atmosphere; preference is given to palladium/carbon in a hydrogen atmosphere .
  • the reaction is carried out generally within a temperature range from 0°C to +120°C, preferably at +20°C to +80°C.
  • Suitable inert solvents for the process steps (XVI) + (VII) ⁇ (XVII) and (XXII) + (XXIII) ⁇ (XXIV) are aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylene, ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl - ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, bis-(2-methoxyethyl) ether, tetrahydrofuran or 1,4- dioxane, or dipolar aprotic solvents such as acetonitrile, NN-dimethylformamide (DMF), NN-dimethyl- acetamide (DMA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), NN-dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU), N-methylpyrrolidinone ( ⁇ ) or pyridine. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Preference is given to using 1,
  • Suitable bases for the process step (XVI) + (VII) ⁇ (XVII) and (XXII) + (XXIII) ⁇ (XXIV) are the customary inorganic or organic bases.
  • These preferably include alkali metal hydroxides, for example lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate or caesium carbonate, if appropriate with addition of an alkali metal iodide, for example sodium iodide or potassium iodide, alkali alkoxides such as sodium methoxide or potassium methoxide, sodium ethoxide or potassium ethoxide or sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide, alkali metal acetates such as sodium acetate or potassium acetate, alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride or potassium hydride, amides such as sodium amide
  • Suitable Palladium catalysts for the process (XVI) + (VII) ⁇ (XVII) and (XXII) + (XXIII) ⁇ (XXTV) are, for example, palladium on activated carbon, palladium(II) acetate, bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium(0), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), bis(triphenyl- phosphine)palladium(II) chloride, bis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) chloride and [1,1 '- bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II) and the corresponding dichloromethane complex, optionally in conjunction with additional phosphane ligands, for example 1,4- Bis(diphenylphosphino)butane-palladium(II) chloride (Pd(dppb)Cb); Dichloro[l,3
  • precatalysts such as chloro-[2-(dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6- dimethoxy-2',4',6'-triisopropyl-l , 1 '-biphenyl] [2-(2-aminoethyl)-phenyl]palladium(II) (BrettPhos precatalyst) [cf, for example, S. L. Buchwald et al., Chem. Sci.
  • phosphane ligands such as 2-(dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6-dimethoxy-2',4',6'- triisopropyl- 1,1 '-biphenyl (BrettPhos); preference is given to bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium(0) in combination with 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (Xantphos) and chloro-[2- (dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6-dimethoxy-2',4',6'-triisopropyl-l,l '-biphenyl] [2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]- palladium(II) (BrettPhos precatalyst) or a mixture of chloro-[2-(dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6-dimeth
  • the process steps (XVI) + (VII) ⁇ (XVII) and (XXII) + (XXIII) ⁇ (XXIV) are generally carried out in a temperature range of from +10°C to +220°C, preferably from +20°C to +150°C, at atmospheric pressure. However, it is also possible to carry out the reaction at reduced or at elevated pressure (for example at from 0.5 to 5 bar). It may optionally be advantageous to carry out the reaction with microwave irradiation.
  • Suitable inert solvents for the process step (XXI) + (V)— »(XXII) for example are , for example, ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, hexane, cyclohexane or mineral oil fractions, halohydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethylene or chlorobenzene, or other solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, pyridine, dimethyl sulphoxide, NN-dimethylformamide, NN-dimethylacetamide, NN'- dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU) or N-methylpyrroli
  • Suitable bases for the process step (XXI) + (V)— »(XXII) are the customary inorganic or organic bases.
  • These preferably include alkali metal hydroxides, for example lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate or caesium carbonate, if appropriate with addition of an alkali metal iodide, for example sodium iodide or potassium iodide, alkali alkoxides such as sodium methoxide or potassium methoxide, sodium ethoxide or potassium ethoxide or sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide, alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride or potassium hydride, amides such as sodium amide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or lithium diisopropylamide, or organic amines
  • Suitable catalysts for the process step (XXI) + (V)— »(XXII) are alkali metal iodides, for example sodium iodide, potassium iodide, sodium bromide, potassium bromide, tetrabutylammonium iodide, tetrabutylammonium bromide and DMAP. Preference is given to using sodium iodide or potassium iodide.
  • the amine coupling (XXI) + (V)— »(XXII) is generally conducted within a temperature range from - 20°C to +150°C, preferably at 0°C to +100°C. The conversion can be effected at standard, elevated or reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar).
  • Further compounds according to the invention can optionally also be prepared by converting functional groups of individual substituents, in particular those listed under R 2 and R 6 , starting with the compounds of the formula (I) obtained by the above processes.
  • These conversions are carried out by customary methods known to the person skilled in the art and include, for example, reactions such as nucleophilic and electrophilic substitutions, oxidations, reductions, hydrogenations, transition metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, eliminations, alkylation, amination, esterification, ester cleavage, etherification, ether cleavage, formation of carboxamides, and also the introduction and removal of temporary protective groups.
  • the compounds of general formula (I) of the present invention can be converted to any salt, preferably pharmaceutically acceptable salts, as described herein, by any method which is known to the person skilled in the art.
  • any salt of a compound of general formula (I) of the present invention can be converted into the free compound, by any method which is known to the person skilled in the art.
  • Detailed procedures can also be found in the Experimental, in the section on the preparation of the starting compounds and intermediates.
  • the compounds of the invention have valuable pharmacological properties and can be used for prevention and treatment of diseases in humans and animals.
  • the compounds of the invention are potent, chemically stable inhibitors of Wnt/ -catenin signaling and are therefore suitable for treatment and/or prevention of disorders and pathological processes, especially those in which of the Wnt/ -catenin signaling is involved in the course of acute or chronic respiratory diseases and cardio-respiratory diseases and/or hyperproliferative disorders.
  • these especially include inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardio-pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • the present invention further provides for the use of the compounds according to the invention for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of disorders, in particular inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardio-pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • disorders in particular inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardio-pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • Lung diseases occur as a result of tissue damage to the lung (epithelium, parenchyma, vasculature, etc.), which could be caused by different genetic predispositions, infectious or non-infectious acute and chronic stimuli (including but not limited to viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi, drugs, toxins, smoke, aerosols, allergens, mechanical injury, radiation, etc.).
  • Wnt/ -catenin signaling which govern biological processes such as: cell-cell adhesion, inflammation, immune system regulation, stem cell maintenance, re-epithelialization, cell fate determination, cell polarity, division, proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), fibroblast- to-myofibroblast differentiation fibroblast activation, connective tissue synthesis, would healing, fibrosis.
  • Wnt/ -catenin signaling could result in pathogenic events such as uncontrolled inflammation, angiogenesis, cellular proliferation, abnormal cell cycling/survival signals, fibrosis (J Exp Med. 2011 Jul 4; 208(7): 1339-1350), tumor formations, eventually leading to organ(s) failure and death.
  • pathogenic events such as uncontrolled inflammation, angiogenesis, cellular proliferation, abnormal cell cycling/survival signals, fibrosis (J Exp Med. 2011 Jul 4; 208(7): 1339-1350), tumor formations, eventually leading to organ(s) failure and death.
  • Non-limiting examples of such acute and chronic lung diseases and conditions resulting from aberrant activation ofWnt/ -catenin signaling include:
  • Idiopathic Fibrotic Disorders of the Lung Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP), Acute Interstitial Pneumonitis (Hamman-rich Syndrome), Familial Pulmonary Fibrosis, Respiratory Bronchiolitis/Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonitis, Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia, Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia, Lymphocytic Interstitial Pneumonia, Autoimmune Pulmonary Fibrosis
  • ILDs Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (Eosinophilic Granuloma), Amyloidosis, Pulmonary Vasculitis, Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (+/- Tuberous Sclerosis), ARDS-related, AIDS-related, Bone Marrow Transplantation-related, Post-Infection, Eosinophilic Pneumonia, Alveolar Proteinosis, Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Syndromes, Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease, Alveolar Microlithiasis, Metastatic Calcification
  • ILDs Connective Tissue Disease-Related Interstitial Lung Disease: Scleroderma/Systemic Sclerosis ILD, Polymyositis-Dermatomyositis ILD, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ILD, Rheumatoid Arthritis ILD, Mixed Connective Tissue Disease ILD, Primary Sjogren Syndrome ILD, Ankylosing Spondylitis ILD
  • Hereditary & Other ILDs Gaucher Disease, Niemann -Pick Disease, Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome, Neurofibromatosis, Aspiration, Exogenous Lipoid Pneumonia, Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis, Pulmonary Lymphoma
  • Occupational/Environmental ILDs Silicosis, Asbestosis, Hard-Metal / Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis, Berylliosis, Siderosis (Arc Welder) / Stannosis (Tin), Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, Bird Breeder's Lung & Farmer's Lung
  • lung cancer Non-small-cell lung carcinoma, bronchial adenoma, pleuropulmonary blastoma
  • Nasal mucosal infections and polyps drug-induced rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis and season-dependent allergic rhinitis, hay fever
  • COPD and pulmonary emphysema (PLoS One. 2011 ; 6(9): e25450) • Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE)
  • BPD Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
  • the compounds and compositions provided herein can be further used for prevention or treatment of numerous diseases related to abnormalities in the Wnt signaling cascade such as but not limited to: cardiovascular and heart diseases; autoimmune diseases; hematopoietic disorders; neurological diseases; gynecological disorders; renal diseases; obesity and metabolism-related disorders; infections; eye and ear diseases; hair growth disorders and other conditions with abnormal Wnt signaling.
  • diseases related to abnormalities in the Wnt signaling cascade such as but not limited to: cardiovascular and heart diseases; autoimmune diseases; hematopoietic disorders; neurological diseases; gynecological disorders; renal diseases; obesity and metabolism-related disorders; infections; eye and ear diseases; hair growth disorders and other conditions with abnormal Wnt signaling.
  • the Wnt- ⁇ - catenin signaling pathway has been implicated in the embryogenesis of the joints, muscles and bone and is one of the main pathways to maintain the musculoskeletal homeostasis in adults (Nat Med. 2013 Feb; 19(2): 179-92).
  • the compounds according to the invention are also suitable for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases related to a number of musculoskeletal and bone pathological disorders including but not limited to rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, high bone mass disorders, osteogenic tumors, osteosarcomas, Ewing's sarcoma, Pyle's disease, musclular dystrophy, muscular fibrotic diseases, polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM), Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) (J Clin Neurol. 2016 Jul;12(3):351-60)
  • the compounds and compositions according to the invention can be further used for prevention or treatment of prophylaxis and treatment of diseases and conditions associated with abnormal regulation of other signaling cascades that Wnt/ -catenin signaling has been shown to regulate or cross-talk with and/or in which Wnt/ -catenin signaling inhibition could be beneficial and of therapeutic potential.
  • Non- limiting examples of such signaling pathways include Notch, FGF (fibroblast growth factor), EGF (epidermal growth factor), HGF, SHH (Sonic hedgehog), Hippo pathways, transforming growth factor (TGF)- , Hedgehog (Hh), Notch, ErbB signaling and others (Breast Cancer Res. 2011 Jun 10;13(3):211).
  • the compounds and compositions provided herein can be also used to treat various hyperproliferative disorders (Nat Rev Cancer. 2013 Jan;13(l): l 1 -26). Wnt/ -catenin signaling regulates cell growth, differentiation and angiogenesis, therefore irregular activation of this pathway increases the risk of malignant transformation in many cell types, tissues and organs, but also is linked to promotion of metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy (Genes & Diseases (2016) 3, l le40).
  • the inhibitors of the Wnt/ -catenin signaling offer new therapeutic avenues to treat a large variety of hyperproliferative disorders and their complications that include but are not limited to the following: psoriasis, keloids, hyperplasias affecting the skin; solid tumors; breast tumors (incl. but not limited to invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ and lobular carcinoma in situ); lung and respiratory tract tumors (incl. but not limited to small-cell carcinoma, non-small-cell lung carcinoma, bronchial adenoma, pleuropulmonary blastoma); brain tumors (incl.
  • tumors of the male and fermale reproductive organs incl. but not limited to benign prostate hyperplasia, prostate cancer, testicular cancer, endometrial, cervical, ovarian, vaginal, and vulvar cancer, uterine sarcomas
  • tumors of the digestive tract incl.
  • tumors of the urinary tract incl. but not limited to urothelial cell carcinoma, bladder, penile, kidney, renal pelvis, ureter, urethral and papillary renal cancers
  • tumors of the eye incl. but not limited to intraocular melanoma, retinoblastoma
  • liver cancers incl.
  • hepatocellular carcinoma but not limited to hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma, mixed hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma
  • skin cancers incl. but not limited to squamous cell carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, malignant melanoma, Merkel cell skin cancer, non-melanoma skin cancer
  • head and neck cancers incl. but not limited to laryngeal, hypopharyngeal, nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal cancer, lip and oral cavity cancer, thyroid, parathyroid and their distant metastases
  • Lymphomas incl.
  • AIDS-related lymphoma non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and lymphoma of the central nervous system
  • sarcomas incl. but not limited to soft tissue, osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, lymphosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma
  • leukaemias incl.
  • prevention or “prophylaxis” are used synonymously and refer to the prevention or reduction of the risk to develop, experience or suffer from such conditions and/or their associated symptoms.
  • treatment includes inhibition, retardation, checking, alleviating, attenuating, restricting, reducing, suppressing, repelling or healing of a disease, a condition, a disorder, an injury or a health problem, or the development, the course or the progression of such states and/or the symptoms of such states.
  • therapy is understood here to be synonymous with the term “treatment”.
  • prevention and “preclusion” are used synonymously in the context of the present invention and refer to the avoidance or reduction of the risk of contracting, experiencing, suffering from or having a disease, a condition, a disorder, an injury or a health problem, or a development or advancement of such states and/or the symptoms of such states.
  • the treatment or prevention of a disease, a condition, a disorder, an injury or a health problem may be partial or complete.
  • the present invention thus further provides for the use of the compounds according to the invention for treatment and/or prevention of disorders, especially of the aforementioned disorders.
  • the present invention further provides for the use of the compounds according to the invention for production of a medicament for treatment and/or prevention of disorders, especially of the aforementioned disorders.
  • the present invention further provides a medicament comprising at least one of the compounds according to the invention for treatment and/or prevention of disorders, especially of the aforementioned disorders.
  • the present invention further provides for the use of the compounds according to the invention in a method for treatment and/or prevention of disorders, especially of the aforementioned disorders.
  • the present invention further provides a method of treatment and/or prevention of disorders, especially of the aforementioned disorders, using an effective amount of at least one of the compounds according to the invention.
  • the compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same are suitable for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardio-pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • the present invention thus further provides for the use of the compounds according to the invention for treatment and/or prevention of inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardio-pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardio-pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • the present invention further provides for the use of the compounds according to the invention for production of a medicament for treatment and/or prevention of inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardio -pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardio -pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • the present invention further provides a medicament comprising at least one of the compounds according to the invention for treatment and/or prevention of inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardio -pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardio -pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • the present invention further provides for the use of the compounds according to the invention in a method for treatment and/or prevention of inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardio-pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardio-pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • the present invention further provides a method of treatment and/or prevention of disorders, especially of inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardiopulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer, using an effective amount of at least one of the compounds according to the invention.
  • disorders especially of inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardiopulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • the compounds according to the invention can be administered in a suitable manner, such as, for example, via the oral, parenteral, pulmonary, nasal, sublingual, lingual, buccal, rectal, vaginal, dermal, transdermal, conjunctival, otic route or as an implant or stent.
  • the compounds according to the invention for oral administration, it is possible to formulate the compounds according to the invention to dosage forms known in the art that deliver the compounds of the invention rapidly and/or in a modified manner, such as, for example, tablets (uncoated or coated tablets, for example with enteric or controlled release coatings that dissolve with a delay or are insoluble), orally-disintegrating tablets, films/wafers, films/lyophylisates, capsules (for example hard or soft gelatine capsules), sugar-coated tablets, granules, pellets, powders, emulsions, suspensions, aerosols or solutions. It is possible to incorporate the compounds according to the invention in crystalline and/or amorphised and/or dissolved form into said dosage forms.
  • Parenteral administration can be effected with avoidance of an absorption step (for example intravenous, intraarterial, intracardial, intraspinal or intralumbal) or with inclusion of absorption (for example intramuscular, subcutaneous, intracutaneous, percutaneous or intraperitoneal).
  • absorption step for example intravenous, intraarterial, intracardial, intraspinal or intralumbal
  • absorption for example intramuscular, subcutaneous, intracutaneous, percutaneous or intraperitoneal.
  • Administration forms which are suitable for parenteral administration are, inter alia, preparations for injection and infusion in the form of solutions, suspensions, emulsions, lyophylisates or sterile powders.
  • Examples which are suitable for other administration routes are pharmaceutical forms for inhalation [inter alia powder inhalers, nebulizers], nasal drops, nasal solutions, nasal sprays; tablets/films/wafers/capsules for lingual, sublingual or buccal administration; suppositories; eye drops, eye ointments, eye baths, ocular inserts, ear drops, ear sprays, ear powders, ear-rinses, ear tampons; vaginal capsules, aqueous suspensions (lotions, mixturae agitandae), lipophilic suspensions, emulsions, ointments, creams, transdermal therapeutic systems (such as, for example, patches), milk, pastes, foams, dusting powders, implants or stents.
  • inhalation inter alia powder inhalers, nebulizers
  • nasal drops nasal solutions, nasal sprays
  • tablets/films/wafers/capsules for lingual, sublingual or buccal
  • the compounds according to the invention can be incorporated into the stated administration forms. This can be effected in a manner known per se by mixing with pharmaceutically suitable excipients.
  • Pharmaceutically suitable excipients include, inter alia,
  • fillers and carriers for example cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose (such as, for example, Avicel ® ), lactose, mannitol, starch, calcium phosphate (such as, for example, Di-Cafos ® )),
  • ointment bases for example petroleum jelly, paraffins, triglycerides, waxes, wool wax, wool wax alcohols, lanolin, hydrophilic ointment, polyethylene glycols
  • ointment bases for example petroleum jelly, paraffins, triglycerides, waxes, wool wax, wool wax alcohols, lanolin, hydrophilic ointment, polyethylene glycols
  • bases for suppositories for example polyethylene glycols, cacao butter, hard fat
  • solvents for example water, ethanol, isopropanol, glycerol, propylene glycol, medium chain- length triglycerides fatty oils, liquid polyethylene glycols, paraffins
  • surfactants for example sodium dodecyl sulfate), lecithin, phospholipids, fatty alcohols (such as, for example, Lanette ® ), sorbitan fatty acid esters (such as, for example, Span ® ), polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters (such as, for example, Tween ® ), polyoxyethylene fatty acid glycerides (such as, for example, Cremophor ® ), polyoxethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, glycerol fatty acid esters, poloxamers (such as, for example, Pluronic ® ),
  • buffers for example phosphates, carbonates, citric acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide solution, ammonium carbonate, trometamol, triethanolamine
  • acids and bases for example phosphates, carbonates, citric acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide solution, ammonium carbonate, trometamol, triethanolamine
  • isotonicity agents for example glucose, sodium chloride
  • adsorbents for example highly-disperse silicas
  • viscosity-increasing agents for example polyvinylpyrrolidone, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose-sodium, starch, carbomers, polyacrylic acids (such as, for example, Carbopol ® ); alginates, gelatine),
  • disintegrants for example modified starch, carboxymethylcellulose-sodium, sodium starch glycolate (such as, for example, Explotab ® ), cross- linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, croscarmellose- sodium (such as, for example, AcDiSol ® )
  • disintegrants for example modified starch, carboxymethylcellulose-sodium, sodium starch glycolate (such as, for example, Explotab ® ), cross- linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, croscarmellose- sodium (such as, for example, AcDiSol ® )
  • lubricants for example magnesium stearate, stearic acid, talc, highly-disperse silicas (such as, for example, Aerosil ® )
  • mould release agents for example magnesium stearate, stearic acid, talc, highly-disperse silicas (such as, for example, Aerosil ® )
  • coating materials for example sugar, shellac
  • film formers for films or diffusion membranes which dissolve rapidly or in a modified manner for example polyvinylpyrrolidones (such as, for example, Kollidon ® ), polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate phthalate, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates such as, for example, Eudragit ® )),
  • capsule materials for example gelatine, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
  • polymers for example polylactides, polyglycolides, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates (such as, for example, Eudragit ® ), polyvinylpyrrolidones (such as, for example, Kollidon ® ), polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl acetates, polyethylene oxides, polyethylene glycols and their copolymers and blockcopolymers),
  • synthetic polymers for example polylactides, polyglycolides, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates (such as, for example, Eudragit ® ), polyvinylpyrrolidones (such as, for example, Kollidon ® ), polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl acetates, polyethylene oxides, polyethylene glycols and their copolymers and blockcopolymers),
  • plasticizers for example polyethylene glycols, propylene glycol, glycerol, triacetine, triacetyl citrate, dibutyl phthalate
  • stabilisers for example antioxidants such as, for example, ascorbic acid, ascorbyl palmitate, sodium ascorbate, butylhydroxyanisole, butylhydroxytoluene, propyl gallate
  • antioxidants for example antioxidants such as, for example, ascorbic acid, ascorbyl palmitate, sodium ascorbate, butylhydroxyanisole, butylhydroxytoluene, propyl gallate
  • preservatives for example parabens, sorbic acid, thiomersal, benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine acetate, sodium benzoate
  • colourants for example inorganic pigments such as, for example, iron oxides, titanium dioxide
  • flavourings • flavourings, sweeteners, flavour- and/or odour-masking agents.
  • the present invention furthermore relates to a pharmaceutical composition which comprise at least one compound according to the invention, conventionally together with one or more pharmaceutically suitable excipient(s), and to their use according to the present invention.
  • An embodiment of the invention are pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound of formula (I) according to the invention, preferably together with at least one inert, non-toxic, pharmaceutically suitable auxiliary, and the use of these pharmaceutical compositions for the above cited purposes.
  • the present invention covers pharmaceutical combinations, in particular medicaments, comprising at least one compound of general formula (I) of the present invention and at least one or more further active ingredients, in particular for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and car dio -pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and car dio -pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • a "fixed combination” in the present invention is used as known to persons skilled in the art and is defined as a combination wherein, for example, a first active ingredient, such as one or more compounds of general formula (I) of the present invention, and a further active ingredient are present together in one unit dosage or in one single entity.
  • a “fixed combination” is a pharmaceutical composition wherein a first active ingredient and a further active ingredient are present in admixture for simultaneous administration, such as in a formulation.
  • Another example of a "fixed combination” is a pharmaceutical combination wherein a first active ingredient and a further active ingredient are present in one unit without being in admixture.
  • a non- fixed combination or "kit-of-parts" in the present invention is used as known to persons skilled in the art and is defined as a combination wherein a first active ingredient and a further active ingredient are present in more than one unit.
  • a non-fixed combination or kit-of-parts is a combination wherein the first active ingredient and the further active ingredient are present separately. It is possible for the components of the non-fixed combination or kit-of-parts to be administered separately, sequentially, simultaneously, concurrently or chronologically staggered.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be administered as the sole pharmaceutical agent or in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically active ingredients where the combination causes no unacceptable adverse effects.
  • the present invention also covers such pharmaceutical combinations.
  • the invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one of the compounds according to the invention and one or more further active ingredients, in particular for the treatment and / or prevention of the abovementioned diseases.
  • Suitable combinations could be for example but not limited to:
  • Serine / threonine / tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as but not limited to, preferably Nintedanib, Regorafenib, Imatinib, Gefitinib, Erloinib, Sorafenib, Dasatinib, Sunitinib, Nilotinib, Lapatinib, Pazotinib, Ruxolitinib, Crizotinib, Vemurafenib, Vandetanib, Ponatinib, Cabozantinib, Tofacitinib, Bosutinib, Axitinib, Ibrutinib, Afatinib, Dabrafenib, Trametinib, Idelalisib, Ceritinib, Lentavatinib, Palbocicnib;
  • Antifibrotic agents such as but not limited to, preferably Pirfenidone, adenosine A2b receptor antagonists, sphingosine 1 -phosphate receptor 3 (S1P3) antagonists, autotaxin inhibitors, lysophosphatidic acid receptors 1 (LPA- 1) and lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2 (LPA-2) antagonists, FP receptor antagonists, lysylxidase (LOX) inhibitors, lysyl oxidase-like-2 inhibitors, CTGF inhibitors, IL-13 antagonists, TGF- ⁇ antagonists, av integrin antagonists, CCR2 antagonists;
  • Pirfenidone adenosine A2b receptor antagonists
  • S1P3 sphingosine 1 -phosphate receptor 3
  • autotaxin inhibitors lysophosphatidic acid receptors 1 (LPA- 1) and lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2 (LPA-2) antagonists
  • FP receptor antagonists
  • the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with supplement oxygen therapy
  • Anti-obstructive or anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD
  • COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • corticosteroids for example fluticasone, budesonide, prednisolone
  • methylxanthines for example theophylline
  • long-acting bronchodilators long-acting ⁇ 2 agonists, muscarinic antagonists
  • combination drugs for example glycopyrrolate/formoterol, glycopyrrolate/indacaterol, tiotropium/olodaterol, umeclidinium
  • combination drugs for example glycopyrrolate/formoterol, glycopyrrolate/indacaterol, tiotropium/olodaterol, ume
  • Prostacyclin analogs-based vasodilators for example epoprostenol, beraprost, iloprost, treprostinil, selexipag;
  • Endothelin receptor antagonists for example bosentan, darusentan, macitentan, sitaxsentan and ambrisentan;
  • Organic nitrates and NO donors such as, for example, sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerol, isosorbide mononitrate, isosorbide dinitrate, molsidomine or SIN-1, and inhaled NO;
  • cGMP cyclic guanosine monophosphate
  • cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate
  • PDE phospho diesterases
  • Sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, ureafil, dasantafil, avanafil, mirodenafil or lodenafil inhibitors of the phospho diesterases (PDE) 1, 2, 3, 4 and / or 5, in particular PDE5 inhibitors, for example Sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, ureafil, dasantafil, avanafil, mirodenafil or lodenafil;
  • the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a calcium channel blockers, for example amlodipine, diltiazem, verapamil, nifedipine;
  • Blood pressure-lowering active substances for example and preferably from the group of angiotensin All antagonists, for example losaran, candesartan, valsartan, telmisartan, emburdenan, irbesartan, olmesartan, eprosartan or azilartartan or a dual angiotensin All antagonists / NEP inhibitor, such as and preferably LCZ696 valsartan/sacubitrile, ACE inhibitors, for example enalapril, captopril, lisinopril, ramipril, delapril, fosinopril, quinopril, perindopril or trandopril, vasopeptidase inhibitors, endothelin antagonists, renin inhibitors, for example aliskiren, SPP-600 or SPP-800, ⁇ - blockers, for example propranolol, atenolol, timolol, pin
  • the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor from the class of statins, preferably lovastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, pitavastatin or proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) blockers, for example evolocumab, bococizumab, alirocumab, petidomimetics, PCSK9 antisense oligonucleotide;
  • statins preferably lovastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, pitavastatin or proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) blockers, for example evolocumab, bococizumab, alirocumab, petidomimetics, PCSK9 antisense oligonucle
  • Antiarrhythmic agents that interfere with the sodium (Na+) channel anti-sympathetic nervous system agents, agents that affect potassium (K+) efflux, agents affect calcium channels and the AV node, agents that work by other mechanisms;
  • Anticoagulants, antiplatelets, fibrinolytic agents and low molecular weight (LMW)-heparin derivatives for example vitamin K antagonists, for example coumarins and non-coumarin 1,3-indandione derivatives; heparin (UFH) and low-molecular-weight heparins (LMW), for example tinzaparin, certoparin, parnaparin, nadroparin, ardeparin, enoxaparin, reviparin, dalteparin, danaparoid, semuloparin (AVE 5026), adomiparin (Ml 18) and EP-42675/ORG42675; direct thrombin inhibitors (DTI) such as, for example, Pradaxa (dabigatran), atecegatran (AZD-0837), DP-4088, SSR-182289A, argatroban, bivalirudin and tanogitran (BIBT-986 and prodrug BIBT
  • Anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, immunosuppressive and / or cytotoxic agents for example systemic or inhaled corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as acetylcysteine, montelukast, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, hydroxycarbamide, steroids, azithromycin, pirfenidone or etanercept;
  • Synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs - e.g. abatacept, adalimumab, azathioprine, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, ciclosporin (Cyclosporin A), D- penicillamine, etanercept, golimumab, gold salts, infliximab, leflunomide, methotrexate, minocycline, rituximab, sulfasalazine (SSZ);
  • Antagonists of growth factors, cytokines and chemokines exemplarily and preferentially antagonists of TGF- ⁇ , CTGF, IL-1, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, IL-17, IL-33 and integrins;
  • Chemotherapeutic agents such as, e.g. for the therapy of neoformations (neoplasia) of the lungs or other organs;
  • HNE human neutrophil elastase
  • PREP prolyl endopetidase
  • MMPs matrix metalloproteinases
  • MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-11, and MMP-13 matrix metalloproteinases
  • MMP-12 metalloelastase
  • the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, such as, for example, and preferably ezetimibe, tiqueside or pamaqueside;
  • a cholesterol absorption inhibitor such as, for example, and preferably ezetimibe, tiqueside or pamaqueside;
  • the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a lipase inhibitor, such as, for example, and preferably orlistat.
  • the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a polymeric bile acid adsorber, such as, for example, and preferably cholestyramine, colestipol, colesolvam, cholesta gel or colestimide;
  • a polymeric bile acid adsorber such as, for example, and preferably cholestyramine, colestipol, colesolvam, cholesta gel or colestimide;
  • the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a CETP-Inhibitor (Torcetrapib, JJT-705 or CETP-vaccine), thyroid receptor agonists (D-Thyroxin, 3,5,3'-Triiodothyronin (T3), CGS 23425 or Axitirome), squalene synthase inhibitors, AC AT inhibitoren, MTP inhibitors, PPAR- ⁇ -, PPAR- ⁇ - and/or PPAR-8-agonists, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, polymeric bovine acid adsorbers
  • the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with compounds which block the binding of serotonin to its receptor, examples and preferably antagonists of the 5-HT2B receptor;
  • Rho kinase inhibitory compounds such as, for example, and preferably Fasudil, Y 27632, SLx-2119, BF-66851, BF-66852, BF-66853, KI-23095 or BA-1049;
  • the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as omeprazole, aspirin and omeprazole, lansoprazole, dexlansoprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole, esomeprazole, esomeprazole magnesium/naproxen, omeprazole/sodium bicarbonate.
  • PPIs proton pump inhibitors
  • the compounds of the present invention can be administered as the sole pharmaceutical agent or in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically active ingredients where the combination causes no unacceptable adverse effects.
  • the present invention also covers such pharmaceutical combinations.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be combined with known agents of the same indication treatment group, such as agents used for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary disorders and cardio -pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiolitis obliterans, asthma and allergic rhinitis, and lung cancer.
  • the inventive compounds are administered in combination with one or more further agents selected from the group of serine / threonine / tyrosine kinase inhibitors and/or antifibrotic agents.
  • the effective dosage of the compounds of the present invention can readily be determined for treatment of each desired indication.
  • the amount of the active ingredient to be administered in the treatment of one of these conditions can vary widely according to such considerations as the particular compound and dosage unit employed, the mode of administration, the period of treatment, the age and sex of the patient treated, and the nature and extent of the condition treated.
  • the total amount of the active ingredient to be administered will generally range from about 0.001 mg/kg to about 200 mg/kg body weight per day, and preferably from about 0.01 mg/kg to about 50 mg/kg body weight per day, and more preferably from about 0.01 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg body weight per day.
  • Clinically useful dosing schedules will range from one to three times a day dosing to once every four weeks dosing.
  • drug holidays in which a patient is not dosed with a drug for a certain period of time, to be beneficial to the overall balance between pharmacological effect and tolerability.
  • a unit dosage may contain from about 0.5 mg to about 1500 mg of active ingredient, and can be administered one or more times per day or less than once a day.
  • the average daily dosage for administration by injection including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and parenteral injections, and use of infusion techniques will preferably be from 0.01 to 200 mg/kg of total body weight.
  • the average daily rectal dosage regimen will preferably be from 0.01 to 200 mg/kg of total body weight.
  • the average daily vaginal dosage regimen will preferably be from 0.01 to 200 mg/kg of total body weight.
  • the average daily topical dosage regimen will preferably be from 0.1 to 200 mg administered between one to four times daily.
  • the transdermal concentration will preferably be that required to maintain a daily dose of from 0.01 to 200 mg/kg.
  • the average daily inhalation dosage regimen will preferably be from 0.01 to 100 mg/kg of total body weight.
  • the specific initial and continuing dosage regimen for each patient will vary according to the nature and severity of the condition as determined by the attending diagnostician, the activity of the specific compound employed, the age and general condition of the patient, time of administration, route of administration, rate of excretion of the drug, drug combinations, and the like.
  • the desired mode of treatment and number of doses of a compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester or composition thereof can be ascertained by those skilled in the art using conventional treatment tests.
  • the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are administered orally once or twice or three times a day. According to a further embodiment, the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are administered orally once or twice a day. According to a further embodiment, the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are administered orally once a day. For the oral administration, a rapid release or a modified release dosage form may be used.
  • Boc tert-butyloxycarbonyl cBRIDP Di-tert-butyl(2,2-diphenyl- 1 -methyl- 1 -cyclopropyl)phosphine
  • All reagents, for which the synthesis is not described in the experimental part, are either commercially available, or are known compounds or may be formed from known compounds by known methods by a person skilled in the art.
  • the compounds and intermediates produced according to the methods of the invention may require purification. Purification of organic compounds is well known to the person skilled in the art and there may be several ways of purifying the same compound. In some cases, no purification may be necessary. In some cases, the compounds may be purified by crystallization. In some cases, impurities may be stirred out using a suitable solvent. In some cases, the compounds may be purified by chromatography, particularly flash column chromatography, using for example prepacked silica gel cartridges, e.g.
  • the compounds may be purified by preparative HPLC using for example a Waters autopurifier equipped with a diode array detector and/or on-line electrospray ionization mass spectrometer in combination with a suitable prepacked reverse phase column and eluents such as gradients of water and acetonitrile which may contain additives such as trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid or aqueous ammonia.
  • purification methods as described above can provide those compounds of the present invention which possess a sufficiently basic or acidic functionality in the form of a salt, such as, in the case of a compound of the present invention which is sufficiently basic, a trifluoroacetate or formate salt for example, or, in the case of a compound of the present invention which is sufficiently acidic, an ammonium salt for example.
  • a salt of this type can either be transformed into its free base or free acid form, respectively, by various methods known to the person skilled in the art, or be used as salts in subsequent biological assays. It is to be understood that the specific form (e.g. salt, free base etc.) of a compound of the present invention as isolated and as described herein is not necessarily the only form in which said compound can be applied to a biological assay in order to quantify the specific biological activity.
  • NMR peak forms are stated as they appear in the spectra, possible higher order effects have not been considered.
  • 'H-NMR data of selected compounds are listed in the form of 'H-NMR peaklists.
  • ⁇ value in ppm is given, followed by the signal intensity, reported in round brackets.
  • the ⁇ value-signal intensity pairs from different peaks are separated by commas. Therefore, a peaklist is described by the general form: ⁇ (intensityi), 82 (intensity2), ... , ⁇ ; (intensity), ... , ⁇ ⁇ (intensity n ).
  • the intensity of a sharp signal correlates with the height (in cm) of the signal in a printed NMR spectrum. When compared with other signals, this data can be correlated to the real ratios of the signal intensities. In the case of broad signals, more than one peak, or the center of the signal along with their relative intensity, compared to the most intense signal displayed in the spectrum, are shown.
  • a 'H-NMR peaklist is similar to a classical 'H-NMR readout, and thus usually contains all the peaks listed in a classical NMR interpretation.
  • peaklists can show solvent signals, signals derived from stereoisomers of target compounds (also the subject of the invention), and/or peaks of impurities.
  • the peaks of stereoisomers, and/or peaks of impurities are typically displayed with a lower intensity compared to the peaks of the target compounds (e.g., with a purity of >90%).
  • Such stereoisomers and/or impurities may be typical for the particular manufacturing process, and therefore their peaks may help to identify the reproduction of our manufacturing process on the basis of "by-product fingerprints".
  • An expert who calculates the peaks of the target compounds by known methods can isolate the peaks of target compounds as required, optionally using additional intensity filters. Such an operation would be similar to peak-picking in classical 'H-NMR interpretation.
  • a "2RS" identifier in the IUPAC name of the example in question, in conjunction with the term “racemate”, means that this is a racemic mixture of the 2R enantiomer (—> 1st letter after the position number in "2R5") with the corresponding 2S enantiomer (—> 2nd letter after the position number).
  • the "2RS” identifier in conjunction with the statements “diastereomer 1 " and “diastereomer 2” means that these are the two diastereomers in separate, isolated form, without having undertaken an assignment of the absolute configuration (2R or 25) to these diastereomers at the stereogenic center C-2.
  • Chemical names were generated using the ACD/Name software from ACD/Labs. In some cases generally accepted names of commercially available reagents were used in place of ACD/Name generated names.
  • Reactions employing microwave irradiation may be run with a Biotage Initator® microwave oven optionally equipped with a robotic unit.
  • the reported reaction times employing microwave heating are intended to be understood as fixed reaction times after reaching the indicated reaction temperature.
  • the compounds and intermediates produced according to the methods of the invention may require purification. Purification of organic compounds is well known to the person skilled in the art and there may be several ways of purifying the same compound. In some cases, no purification may be necessary. In some cases, the compounds may be purified by crystallization. In some cases, impurities may be stirred out using a suitable solvent. In some cases, the compounds may be purified by chromatography, particularly flash column chromatography, using for example prepacked silica gel cartridges, e.g.
  • the compounds may be purified by preparative HPLC using for example a Waters autopurifier equipped with a diode array detector and/or on-line electrospray ionization mass spectrometer in combination with a suitable prepacked reverse phase column and eluents such as gradients of water and acetonitrile which may contain additives such as trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid or aqueous ammonia.
  • a Waters autopurifier equipped with a diode array detector and/or on-line electrospray ionization mass spectrometer in combination with a suitable prepacked reverse phase column and eluents such as gradients of water and acetonitrile which may contain additives such as trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid or aqueous ammonia.
  • purification methods as described above can provide those compounds of the present invention which possess a sufficiently basic or acidic functionality in the form of a salt, such as, in the case of a compound of the present invention which is sufficiently basic, a trifluoroacetate or formate salt for example, or, in the case of a compound of the present invention which is sufficiently acidic, an ammonium salt for example.
  • a salt of this type can either be transformed into its free base or free acid form, respectively, by various methods known to the person skilled in the art, or be used as salts in subsequent biological assays. It is to be understood that the specific form (e.g. salt, free base etc) of a compound of the present invention as isolated as described herein is not necessarily the only form in which said compound can be applied to a biological assay in order to quantify the specific biological activity.
  • Method 1 Instrument: Waters ACQUITY SQD UPLC system; column: Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 1.8 ⁇ 50 mm x 1 mm; mobile phase A: 1 1 of water + 0.25 ml of 99% strength formic acid, mobile phase B: 1 1 of acetonitrile + 0.25 ml of 99% strength formic acid; gradient: 0.0 min 90% A ⁇ 1.2 min 5% A ⁇ 2.0 min 5% A; oven: 50°C; flow rate: 0.40 ml/min; UV detection: 208-400 nm.
  • Method 2 Instrument: Waters ACQUITY SQD UPLC system; column: Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 1.8 ⁇ 50 mm x 1 mm; mobile phase A: 1 1 of water + 0.25 ml of 99% strength formic acid, mobile phase B: 1 1 of acetonitrile + 0.25 ml of 99% strength formic acid; gradient: 0.0 min 95% A ⁇ 6.0 min 5% A ⁇ 7.5 min 5% A; oven: 50°C; flow rate: 0.35 ml/min; UV detection: 210-400 nm.
  • Method 3 MS instrument: Waters (Micromass) QM; HPLC instrument: Agilent 1100 series; column: Agient ZORBAX Extend-C18 3.0 mm x 50 mm 3.5 micron; mobile phase A: 1 1 of water + 0.01 mol of ammonium carbonate, mobile phase B: 1 1 of acetonitrile; gradient: 0.0 min 98% A ⁇ 0.2 min 98% A ⁇ 3.0 min 5% A ⁇ 4.5 min 5% A; oven: 40°C; flow rate: 1.75 ml/min; UV detection: 210 nm.
  • Method 4 Instrument: Agilent MS Quad 6150; HPLC: Agilent 1290; column: Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 1.8 ⁇ 50 mm x 2.1 mm; mobile phase A: 1 1 of water + 0.25 ml of 99% strength formic acid, mobile phase B: 1 1 of acetonitrile + 0.25 ml of 99% strength formic acid; gradient: 0.0 min 90% A ⁇ 0.3 min 90% A ⁇ 1.7 min 5% A ⁇ 3.0 min 5% A; oven: 50°C; flow rate: 1.20 ml/min; UV detection: 205-305 nm.
  • Method 5 Instrument: Thermo Scientific DSQII, Thermo Scientific Trace GC Ultra; column: Restek RTX-35MS, 15 m x 200 ⁇ x 0.33 ⁇ ; constant helium flow rate: 1.20 ml/min; oven: 60°C; inlet: 220°C; gradient: 60°C, 30°C/min ⁇ 300°C (maintained for 3.33 min).
  • Method 6 MS instrument type: Thermo Scientific FT-MS; instrument type UHPLC+: Thermo Scientific UltiMate 3000; column: Waters, HSST3, 2.1 mm x 75 mm, C18 1.8 ⁇ ; mobile phase A: 1 1 of water + 0.01%) formic acid; mobile phase B: 1 1 of acetonitrile + 0.01% formic acid; gradient: 0.0 min 10% B ⁇ 2.5 min 95% B ⁇ 3.5 min 95% B; oven: 50°C; flow rate: 0.90 ml/min; UV detection: 210 nm/ Optimum Integration Path 210-300 nm.
  • Method 7 Instrument: Waters Single Quad MS System; Instrument Waters UPLC Acquity; Column : Waters BEH CI 8 1.7 ⁇ 50 x 2.1 mm; Eluent A: 1 1 water + 1.0 mL (25% ammonia)/L, Eluent B: 1 1 acetonitrile; Gradient: 0.0 min 92% A ⁇ 0.1 min 92% A ⁇ 1.8 min 5% A ⁇ 3.5 min 5% A; Oven: 50°C; Flow: 0.45 mL/min; UV-Detection: 210 nm (208-400 nm)
  • Method 8 Instrument: Thermo DFS, Trace GC Ultra; column: Restek RTX-35, 15 m x 200 ⁇ x 0.33 ⁇ ; constant helium flow rate: 1.20 ml/min; oven: 60°C; inlet: 220°C; gradient: 60°C, 30°C/min ⁇ 300°C (maintained for 3.33 min).
  • Method 9 Instrument: SHIMADZU LCMS-2020 SingleQuad; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25- 2 MM; eluent A: water + 0.0375 vol % trifluoroacetic acid, eluent B: acetonitrile + 0.01875 vol % trifluoroacetic acid; gradient: 0-0.8 min, 5-95% B, 0.8-1.2 min 95% B; flow 1.5 ml/min; temperature: 50 °C; PDA: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • Method 10 Instrument: Hewlett Packard HP 1100 Series CS Multikrom 100-3 system; column: 60 mm x 4.6 mm, CI 8 5 ⁇ ; mobile phase A: acetonitrile + 1 % formic acid; mobile phase B: water + 1 % formic acid; gradient: 0.0 min 20% A ⁇ 8.0 min 80% A ⁇ 10.0 min 90% A; oven: 35°C; flow rate: 1. 0 ml/min; UV detection: 254 nm.
  • Microwave reactor used was a "single-mode" instrument of the EmrysTM Optimizer type.
  • the compounds according to the invention may be obtained in salt form, for example as trifluoroacetate, formate or ammonium salt, if the compounds according to the invention contain a sufficiently basic or acidic functionality.
  • a salt can be converted to the corresponding free base or acid by various methods known to the person skilled in the art.
  • any compound specified in the form of a salt of the corresponding base or acid is generally a salt of unknown exact stoichiometric composition, as obtained by the respective preparation and/or purification process.
  • names and structural formulae such as “hydrochloride”, “trifluoroacetate”, “sodium salt” or “x Aqueous hydrochloric acid”, “x CF3COOH”, “x Na + " should not therefore be understood in a stoichiometric sense in the case of such salts, but have merely descriptive character with regard to the salt- forming components present therein.
  • tert-Butyl (5-bromo-2- ⁇ [3-nitro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]carbamoyl ⁇ phenyl)carbamate (72.6 g, 140 mmol) was dissolved in formic acid (220 ml, 5.8 mol) and this mixture was refluxed for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was then poured over water and the pH was adjusted to pH 8 with 33% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. The suspension was filtered, the solid was washed with water and dried under vacuum to provide 58.7 g (95 % purity, 93 % yield) of the product.
  • l-(Morpholin-4-yl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid hydrochloride (CAS 1257236-65-9) (858 mg, 4.13 mmol) was suspended in dichloromethane (46 ml) and l -chloro-N,N,2-trimethylprop-l -en- 1 -amine (760 ⁇ , 96 % purity, 5.5 mmol) was added. This mixture was stirred at rt for 16 h and then evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was again suspended in dichloromethane (46 ml) and the mixture was once more evaporated.
  • reaction mixture was then partitioned between 6 mL of water and 20 mL of ethyl acetate and extractive work -up was performed. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel eluting with a gradient of cyclohexane/ethyl acetate 100:0 to 50:50 to provide 95.0 mg (34 % yield) of the title product.
  • reaction mixture was then partitioned between 6 mL of water and 25 mL of ethyl acetate and extractive work-up was performed. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel eluting with a gradient of cyclohexane/ethyl acetate from 100:0 to 50:50 to provide the title product. 63.0 mg (23 % yield).
  • the reaction mixture was then evaporated at 40°C and the residue was partitioned between 30 mL of water and 150 mL of ethyl acetate. Extractive work-up was performed. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. The residue was stirred with MTBE for 1 h, filtered and dried. The solid was then purified by chromatography over silica gel eluting with a gradient of dichloromethane/methanol from 100:0 to 93:7 to provide 1.40 g (50 % yield) of the title product.
  • the reaction mixture was filtered through a silica column eluting with a mixture of dichloromethane/methanol 90: 10.
  • the organic phase was then washed with water and, after phase separation, the organic layer was filtered through a water-removing filter.
  • the filtrate was evaporated and purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with a gradient of cyclohexane:ethyl acetate from 95 :5 to 50:50 to provide 271 mg (97 % yield) of the title compound.
  • the reaction mixture was filtered through celite and the filter cake was washed with dichloromethane.
  • the organic filtrate was washed with water and after phase separation, the organic layer was filtered over a water-removing filter and evaporated under reduced pressure.
  • the residue was purified by chromatography over a silica column eluting with a gradient of cyclohexane/ethyl acetate from 100:0 to 60:40 to deliver 3.47 g (92 % purity, 84 % yield) of the title compound.
  • ⁇ - MR 500 MHz, DMSO-d6) ⁇ [ppm] : 1.335 (0.81), 1.422 (16.00), 3.316 (2.77), 3.415 (0.88), 3.426 (1.66), 3.440 (1.51), 3.451 (0.76), 5.754 (0.49), 7.127 (0.42), 7.133 (0.42), 7.145 (0.43), 7.150 (0.44), 7.325 (0.92), 7.330 (0.84), 7.755 (1.12), 7.772 (1.02).
  • tert-Butyl 4-[4-(methoxycarbonyl)-3-nitrophenyl]piperazine-l-carboxylate (3.47 g, 92 % purity, 8.74 mmol) was disolved in methanol (170 ml) and treated with cesium carbonate (5.69 g, 17.5 mmol) and water (33 ml). This mixture was heated at 40°C for 24 h. Half of the volume of methanol was then evaporated under reduced pressure and the rest of the solution was treated with a pH 5 aqueous buffer. The aqueous phase was then extracted three times with ethylacetate. The combined organic layers were then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to a volume of ca.
  • the cooled mixture was diluted with 100 ml ethyl acetate and the aqueous phase was extracted twice with 50 ml ethyl acetate.
  • the combined organic solvents were washed with a saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and the solvent removed in vacuo.
  • the residue was triturated with little DCM, the solid filtered, washed with ether, and dried.
  • the product was obtained as off-white solid (7.0 g, 68 % yield, 92 % purity) and used as such in the next step without further purification.
  • the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate, the combined organic layers washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and the solvent removed in vacuo.
  • the crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane/ethyl acetate 3: 1) and it was obtained as yellow solid (3.10 g, 58 % yield, 97 % purity).
  • the cooled mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (100 ml) and the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 50 ml).
  • the combined organic solvents were washed with a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and the solvent was removed in vacuo.
  • the residue was purified by sil ica gel column chromatography (cyclohexane/ethyl acetate 4: 1) to deliver 2.50 g (92 % purity, 27 % yield) of the title compound.
  • the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate, the combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and the solvent was removed in vacuo.
  • the crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (Cyclohexane/ethyl acetate 3: 1) to deliver 2.20 g (52 % yield) of the title compound.
  • tert-butyl(dimethyl) [(prop-2-yn- 1 -yl)oxy] silane To a solution of prop-2-yn-l-ol (11 ml, 180 mmol) and triethylamine (34 ml, 240 mmol) in dichloromethane (210 ml) was added at 0°C a solution of tert-butyl(chloro)dimethylsilane (30.9 g, 205 mmol) in dichloromethane (30 ml) and the reaction mixture was slowly warmed up to rt while stirring overnight. The reaction was diluted with water (200 ml) and the phases were separated.
  • reaction mixture was then heated at 80°C for 16 h. After cooling to rt, the reaction mixture was filtered through celite, the filter cake was washed with ethyl acetate and the filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel eluting with a gradient cyclohexane/ethyl acetate from 100:0 to 50:50 to deliver 486 mg (90 % purity, 69 % yield) of the title compound.
  • reaction mixture was partitioned between water and EtOAc. After phase separation, the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel eluting with a gradient of cyclohexane/EtOAc from 93:7 to 40:60 to provide 318 mg (99 % purity, 82 % yield) of the title compound.
  • reaction mixture was then heated to 95°C for 16 h. After cooling to rt, the reaction mixture was filtered through a silica column eluting with a gradient of dichloromethane/methanol from 100:0 to 85:15. The material obtained was then purified by RP-HPLC (125x30mm) with acetonitrile/water (0.2% ammonia) to deliver 10.5 mg (98 % purity, 43 % yield) of the title compound.
  • the reaction mixture was filtered through a silica column eluting with a gradient of dichloromethane/methanol from 100:0 to 85: 15.
  • the material obtained was then purified by RP-HPLC (125x30mm) with acetonitrile/water (0.2% ammonia) to deliver 180 mg (93 % purity, 52 % yield) of the desired compound.
  • ⁇ - MR 400 MHz, DMSO-d6) ⁇ [ppm]: -0.008 (0.91), 0.008 (0.85), 1.122 (0.94), 1.129 (1.02), 1.139 (0.48), 1.234 (0.75), 1.265 (0.52), 1.275 (1.06), 1.283 (0.90), 1.429 (16.00), 1.595 (0.44), 1.826 (0.53), 1.856 (0.42), 2.465 (1.51), 3.701 (1.45), 7.376 (0.51), 7.383 (0.51), 7.398 (0.57), 7.405 (0.57), 7.522 (0.52), 7.543 (0.55), 7.588 (1.02), 7.683 (0.47), 7.702 (0.40), 8.111 (0.93), 8.132 (0.84), 8.341 (2.05), 8.528 (1.00), 8.535 (1.02), 10.615 (0.96).
  • the reaction mixture was filtered through a silica column eluting with a gradient of dichloromethane/methanol from 100:0 to 85: 15.
  • the material obtained was then purified by RP-HPLC (125x30mm) with acetonitrile/water (0.2% ammonia) to deliver 45.0 mg (94 % purity, 24 % yield) of the title compound.
  • Second separating method column: YMC Chiralart Cellulose SB, 5 ⁇ , 250 mm x 20mm; mobile phase: n-heptane 50%>/ethanol 50%> with 0.2%> diethylamine in the ethanol phase; temperature: 50°C; flow rate: 15 ml/min; UV detection: 220 nm.
  • reaction mixture was heated to 120°C for 18 h. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was directly purified by preparative RP-HPLC 125x30mm with acetonitrile/water (0.2% ammonia) to provide 11.3 mg (19 % yield) of the title product.
  • reaction mixture was then heated to 100°C for 16 h. After cooling to rt, the reaction mixture was filtered through a silica column eluting with a gradient of dichloromethane/methanol 100:0 to 85: 15. The material obtained was then purified by RP-HPLC 125x30mm with acetonitrile/water (0.2% ammonia) to deliver 18.6 mg (36 % yield) of the title compound.
  • the nickel pre -catalyst was then prepared in a second microwave vial.
  • nickel (II) chloride dimethoxyethane adduct (10.99 mg, 0.05 mmol, 0.5 equiv.)
  • 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine (16.10 mg, 0.06 mmol, 0.6 equiv.) were loaded and dissolved in 10 mL of 1,2-dimethoxyethane, placed under argon, sealed and sonicated for 5 minutes.
  • 1 mL of the nickel pre -catalyst solution was syringed into the vial containing the reaction mixture.
  • the solution was degassed a second time by sparging with argon while stirring for 10 minutes. Under a constant flow of argon, bromocyclobutane (14 ⁇ , 150 ⁇ ) and 1,1,1,3,3,3- hexamethyl-2-(trimethylsilyl)trisilane (31 ⁇ , 100 ⁇ ) were then added to the reaction mixture using a Hamilton syringe. The cap of the microwave vial was then removed and replaced with a new cap. The reaction mixture was irradiated with one 34 W blue LED lamp in the EvoluChemTM Photochemistry Device using the 8 x 2 mL vial rack which contains an incorporated fan for cooling to maintain experiment at room temperature. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir in the device for 15 hours.
  • the reaction mixture was charged completely on a silica gel column and a chromatographic separation was performed with a gradient of dichloromethane/methanol from 100:0 to 90: 10.
  • the material obtained was purified by preparative RP-HPLC (125x30mm) with acetonitrile/water (0.2% ammonia) to provide 15.0 mg (27 % yield) of the title compound.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne des composés 3-phénylquinazolin-4(3H)-one substitués de formule générale (I) tel que décrit et défini dans la description. L'invention concerne également des procédés de préparation desdits composés, des composés intermédiaires utiles pour préparer lesdits composés, des compositions et combinaisons pharmaceutiques comprenant lesdits composés et l'utilisation desdits composés pour fabriquer des compositions pharmaceutiques destinées au traitement ou à la prophylaxie de maladies, en particulier le traitement et/ou la prophylaxie de diverses maladies inflammatoires et fibrotiques du tractus respiratoire et des poumons ainsi que du cancer du poumon, en monothérapie ou en association avec d'autres principes actifs.
PCT/EP2018/076303 2017-09-29 2018-09-27 3-phénylquinazolin-4(3h)-ones substitués et leurs utilisations WO2019063708A1 (fr)

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