WO2019063012A1 - 割草机，智能割草机及刀具组件 - Google Patents

割草机，智能割草机及刀具组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019063012A1
WO2019063012A1 PCT/CN2018/109092 CN2018109092W WO2019063012A1 WO 2019063012 A1 WO2019063012 A1 WO 2019063012A1 CN 2018109092 W CN2018109092 W CN 2018109092W WO 2019063012 A1 WO2019063012 A1 WO 2019063012A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
shroud
blade
lawn mower
lower shroud
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/109092
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
查霞红
安德罗·保罗
赵凤丽
周晓青
Original Assignee
苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 filed Critical 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority to CN201880018728.3A priority Critical patent/CN110446425A/zh
Priority to DE212018000289.4U priority patent/DE212018000289U1/de
Publication of WO2019063012A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019063012A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/835—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters specially adapted for particular purposes
    • A01D34/84—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters specially adapted for particular purposes for edges of lawns or fields, e.g. for mowing close to trees or walls
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D75/00—Accessories for harvesters or mowers
    • A01D75/18—Safety devices for parts of the machines
    • A01D75/185—Avoiding collisions with obstacles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D75/00—Accessories for harvesters or mowers
    • A01D75/20—Devices for protecting men or animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/006—Control or measuring arrangements
    • A01D34/008—Control or measuring arrangements for automated or remotely controlled operation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/02—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having reciprocating cutters
    • A01D34/13—Cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/135—Cutting apparatus having oppositely movable cooperating knife-bars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lawn mower, and more particularly to an intelligent lawn mower, and to a cutter assembly that can be mounted to a lawn mower.
  • the intelligent lawn mower can walk and trim the lawn on the lawn within the boundary line or other limited range.
  • the traditional lawn mower the cutting mechanism is mostly the central rotary cutter centered under the casing, the cutter distance The outside of the casing is far away, and when the mower walks to the edge of the lawn, the mowing machine automatically turns, so that the lawn near the boundary line cannot be cut.
  • cutter-offset mowers are currently on the market, due to safety considerations, the guards such as the casing and the shroud are so that the lawn at the edge of the work area cannot be cut at all, requiring additional use by the user. Other tools for trimming are not convenient for the user.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a lawn mower that can be cut to the side and has high safety.
  • a lawn mower comprising: a fuselage, wherein a forward direction of the lawn mower is a longitudinal direction of the fuselage, and a direction perpendicular to the ground is a vertical direction of the fuselage to be perpendicular to the longitudinal direction at the same time a vertical direction is a transverse direction of the fuselage; a cutting motor mounted to the fuselage; a cutter assembly mounted to the fuselage, driven by the cutting motor, the cutter assembly including a first unit and a second a unit, the first unit and the second unit reciprocating relative to mowing, the second unit being located below the first unit; the lawn mower further comprising an upper barrier, in the longitudinal and/or lateral direction Forming protection for the cutter assembly; the second unit includes a lower shroud, the lower shroud including a plurality of guard units, and a gap between the adjacent guard units for the grass to leak.
  • the first unit includes a first blade, the first blade includes a laterally extending body, the body extending outwardly from a plurality of spaced apart toothed edges.
  • the first unit is in at least partial contact with the second unit.
  • the second unit comprises a second blade.
  • the second blade is separate or integrally formed from the lower shroud
  • the reciprocating motion includes a translational reciprocation or swing.
  • the gap of the lower shroud is 8.6 mm or less.
  • the guard unit has a lateral width of 5 mm or less.
  • the distance of the lower shroud from the ground increases in the longitudinal direction from the inside to the outside.
  • the lower shroud is relatively fixed in position to the fuselage.
  • the upper barrier includes an upper cover mounted to the fuselage.
  • the cutter assembly faces one side in the longitudinal direction
  • the upper cover is at a distance of more than 80 mm from the first unit on the one side
  • the upper cover is on the one side.
  • the distance between the outer edge and the ground is less than 35mm.
  • the upper cover is less than 80 mm from the first unit on the one side, and/or the first unit extends beyond the upper cover on the one side, and/or The outer cover has a distance from the outer edge of the one side to the ground that is greater than 35 mm.
  • the upper cover is laterally spaced from the first unit by less than 80 mm, and/or the outer edge of the upper cover in the lateral direction is greater than 35 mm from the ground.
  • the cutter assembly is oriented in one direction in the longitudinal direction, and the lower shroud extends beyond the first unit in the direction.
  • the lower shroud has a lateral width greater than the first unit.
  • the lower shroud is mounted to the left and/or right side of the first unit in the lateral direction.
  • the lower shield has a lateral width of greater than or equal to 52 mm.
  • the lower shroud extends upwardly in the direction of the free end, vertically above the first unit.
  • the distance between the lower shroud and the upper barrier in the vertical direction is 8.6 mm or less.
  • the upper barrier includes an upper shroud mounted above the first unit, the upper shroud including a guard unit, and a gap between the adjacent guard units for the grass to leak.
  • the guard unit of the upper shroud substantially coincides with the lower shroud in a vertical direction such that a gap between the guard units is allowed to leak.
  • the cutter assembly is oriented in one direction in the longitudinal direction, and the upper shroud extends beyond the first unit in the direction.
  • the distance between the upper shroud and the lower end of the lower shroud in the direction is 8.6 mm or less.
  • the distance between the upper shroud and the lower end of the lower shroud in the direction is greater than 8.6 mm and less than or equal to 12 mm.
  • the free end of the upper and/or lower shroud in the direction is at a distance of 57.9 mm from the first blade.
  • the upper shroud and the lower shroud are connected to each other in a free end in the direction.
  • An intelligent lawn mower that moves and works autonomously in a work area, the intelligent lawn mower comprising:
  • a forward direction of the smart mower is a longitudinal direction of the fuselage, a direction perpendicular to the ground is a vertical direction of the fuselage, and the direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal and vertical directions a transverse direction of the fuselage;
  • a cutting motor mounted to the fuselage;
  • a cutter assembly mounted to the fuselage, driven by the cutting motor, the cutter assembly including a first unit and a second unit, the first unit Reciprocating relative to the second unit to mowing, the second unit being located below the first unit;
  • the intelligent lawn mower further comprising an upper barrier forming the cutter assembly in a longitudinal and/or lateral direction
  • the second unit includes a lower shroud, and the lower shroud includes a plurality of guard units, and a gap between the adjacent guard units for the grass to leak is formed.
  • the first unit includes a first blade, the first blade includes a laterally extending body, the body extending outwardly from a plurality of spaced apart toothed edges.
  • the second unit comprises a second blade.
  • the second blade is separate or integrally formed from the lower shroud.
  • the gap of the lower shroud is 8.6 mm or less.
  • the guard unit has a lateral width of 5 mm or less.
  • the upper barrier includes an upper cover mounted to the fuselage.
  • the upper barrier includes an upper shroud mounted above the first unit, the upper shroud including a guard unit, and a gap between the adjacent guard units for the grass to leak.
  • a cutter assembly detachably mounted to a lawn mower comprising: a first unit and a second unit, the first unit and the second unit reciprocating relative to mowing, the second The unit is located below the first unit; the second unit includes a lower shroud, and the lower shroud includes a plurality of guard units, and a gap between the adjacent guard units for the grass to leak is formed.
  • the first unit includes a first blade, the first blade includes a laterally extending body, the body extending outwardly from a plurality of spaced apart toothed edges.
  • the second unit comprises a second blade.
  • the second blade is separate or integrally formed from the lower shroud.
  • the cutter assembly further includes an upper shroud, the upper shroud including a plurality of guard units, and a gap between the adjacent guard units for the grass to leak.
  • the guard unit of the upper shroud and the guard unit of the lower shroud substantially coincide in a vertical direction such that a gap between the guard units is allowed to leak.
  • the gap of the lower shroud is 8.6 mm or less.
  • the guard unit has a lateral width of 5 mm or less.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects of using a scissor cutter with a large cutting area, so that the lawn mower has a larger cutting area per unit time, higher cutting efficiency, and can cut the region more efficiently.
  • the boundary and the edge of the obstacle by providing guards, enable the scissor cutter to be placed in various positions of the lawn mower to prevent accidental contact of the hand, foot or child arm into the moving blade in three dimensions.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a lawn mower according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the cutting module and the shroud of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of the cutting module and the shroud of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of a lawn mower according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a lawn mower according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of a lawn mower according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of a cutting module and a shield according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a lawn mower, as shown in FIG.
  • the lawn mower 100 is an intelligent lawn mower.
  • the lawn mower 100 includes a body 10, a walking module 20 mounted on both sides of the body 10, a cutting motor (not shown) mounted inside the body 10, and a cutting module 110 mounted to the body 10 and driven by a cutting motor.
  • a control module (not shown) that controls the automatic operation and automatic walking of the lawn mower 100
  • an energy module (not shown) that provides energy.
  • the forward direction of the lawn mower 100 is the longitudinal direction of the body 10
  • the direction perpendicular to the ground is the vertical direction of the body 10, so that the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal and vertical directions is the lateral direction of the body 10.
  • the lawn mower 100 can also be a manually operated lawn mower, such as a hand mower or the like.
  • the cutting motor is fixed to the fuselage 10 and the power is transmitted to the drive shaft by the reduction gear.
  • the cutting module 110 is a scissor tool that includes two cutting elements that move relative to each other, including a first blade 112 that transmits power to the drive shaft through an eccentric transmission mechanism to convert rotational motion of the drive shaft into reciprocating motion of the first blade 112.
  • the first blade 112 has a body extending in a lateral direction, the body extending forwardly a plurality of spaced apart toothed edges, each set of toothed edges comprising two oppositely facing edges that are substantially perpendicular to the direction of reciprocation.
  • the second blade 114 also includes a plurality of sets of spaced apart toothed edges.
  • the first blade 112 and the second blade 114 reciprocate relative to each other in the lateral direction.
  • the first blade 112 moves to the left relative to the second blade 114
  • the first blade 112 faces the left blade and the second blade 114 faces the right.
  • At least one of the blades is staggered; when the first blade 112 is moved to the right relative to the second blade 114, the blade of the first blade 112 toward the right side is staggered with at least one blade of the second blade 114 toward the left side.
  • the cutting module of the traditional lawn mower is a plurality of blades mounted on the cutter head. Compared with the cutter-type cutting module, the scissors cutter has a larger effective working area and a higher cutting efficiency per unit time.
  • the guard Since the conventional lawn mower realizes mowing by the high-speed movement of the blade relative to the lawn when the cutter is rotated, and the cutting edge of the cutting blade is outward, the guard needs to be kept at a certain distance from the blade to prevent damage to the cutting edge after contacting the blade. Therefore, even if the cutter head is biased, in practice, the blade has a distance from the guard, and the guard has a distance from the upper cover, and the effect of cutting to the edge is still not satisfactory. While the cutting edge of the scissors cutter is inward, the distance between the shield and the cutter can be reduced, and the effect of cutting the side to the side is improved. Further, the scissor cutter can be placed on the foremost side of the lawn mower to achieve cutting of the front side to the side, especially around obstacles in the work area, and the front scissor cutter can also substantially cut to the obstacle boundary.
  • the lawn mower 100 is generally capable of cruising in a predetermined area without being operated by a person.
  • the human or animal may accidentally enter the foot or hand under the fuselage to contact the cutting module 110, causing safety problems.
  • the machine goes out of the boundary or fails, it needs to be lifted manually for charging or maintenance.
  • measures must be taken to prevent the operator's hands and feet from touching the cutting module when the mower 100 is in operation to prevent injury.
  • the protection method is that the upper cover 30 is used to bring the hand or the foot close to the cutting module 110 to the limit, and the cutting module 110 is still inaccessible, that is, the distance between the upper cover 30 and the ground, and the cutting module 110 and the upper cover 30 are balanced with each other;
  • the method may also be a shield, in which the gap of the shield is sufficiently small and the thickness is sufficiently large or far enough away from the cutting module 110 that the hand or foot cannot reach the cutting module even if the hand or foot contacts the guard. .
  • the upper cover 30 of the lawn mower 100 can have many different forms.
  • the first type is that the height from the ground is sufficiently small that the hand or the foot can only protrude into a small portion. At this time, if the outer cover 30 is satisfied and cut The distance of the module 110 is greater than or equal to the length of the extension to avoid contact, and the protection level of the upper cover 30 is defined as zero level; if the outer side of the upper cover 30 is smaller than the extension length of the cutting module 110, the upper cover 30 is used. The degree of protection is defined as one level.
  • the second type is that the height from the ground is large, so that the length of the hand or foot is large, and the contact with the cutting module 110 cannot be avoided, and the degree of protection of the upper cover 30 is defined as two.
  • the third type is that the height from the ground is too large, or the cutting module 110 is beyond the upper cover 30. At this time, the protection capability of the upper cover 30 is the weakest, and only the shield can be used to meet the safety requirement, and the protection level of the upper cover is defined as Three levels.
  • the adult hand consists of two parts.
  • the first part has a diameter of 12 mm or less and a length of 80 mm. It contains two bendable joints.
  • the second part is separated from the first part by a cut-off surface. .
  • an adult may come into contact with the cutting module 110 under the handling conditions, and when the finger extends from below the upper cover 30, the cut surface will abut against the outside of the upper cover 30.
  • the adult foot comprises three parts, the first part has a height of 35 mm, a width of 50 mm, the part has a length of 80 mm, the second part has a height of 35 mm to 70 mm, and a width of 70 mm, so that the upper cover 30 is raised from the ground while satisfying the above conditions. It must be less than 35 mm so that the foot cannot reach below the upper cover 30 and touch the cutting module 110.
  • the child's arm consists of three parts.
  • the first part has a diameter of 8.6 mm and a length of 57.9 mm and contains two bendable joints.
  • the second part has a diameter of 38.4 mm and a length of 101.6 mm. Therefore, the height of the upper cover 30 is less than 35 mm, and the distance between the cutting module 110 and the outer side of the upper cover 30 is greater than or equal to 57.9 mm, and the child arm cannot reach the cutting module 110. That is to say, as long as the upper cover height is less than 35 mm, the distance between the cutting module 110 and the outer side of the upper cover 30 is greater than or equal to 80 mm, and the safety requirement can be satisfied.
  • the shroud includes a lower shroud 120 disposed below the cutting module 110, and the lower shroud 120 is comprised of a plurality of guard units 122, since the lower shroud 120 is disposed within the cutting area of the cutting module 110, in order to The arrangement of the lower shroud 120 does not affect the entry of the grass into the cutting area, and the guard units 122 are parallel to each other and substantially parallel to the advancing direction of the mower 100, and a gap for the grass to leak is formed between the adjacent guard units 122. Generally, the larger the gap, the higher the efficiency of the grass, the smaller the gap, and the lower the efficiency of the grass.
  • the mounting position of the cutting module 110 is different, and the setting of the lower shroud 120 needs to be changed accordingly.
  • the form of the lower shroud 120 is determined according to the shortest distance between the cutting module 110 and the outer side of the upper cover 30 in each of the front, rear, left and right directions, and the height of the upper cover 30. In order to ensure safe operation at all cutting heights, it is necessary to consider the highest and lowest height of the cutting module 110 from the ground and various disadvantages to the operator.
  • the shortest distance between the cutting module 110 in any direction in the lateral or longitudinal direction and the outer side of the upper cover 30 is less than 80 mm, in the corresponding direction.
  • a lower shroud 120 is required in which the lower shroud 120 is closer to the upper cover 30 than the cutting module 110.
  • the lower shroud 120 has a certain lateral width such that when the cutting module 110 is in the lowest cutting position, the cut surface of the adult hand abuts against the upper cover 30, and the finger does not touch the cutting module 110 when it extends toward the cutting module 110 and bends upward.
  • the lower shroud 120 is disposed at the lower left of the cutting module 110, and the left side of the lower shroud 120 extends outward so that the lower shroud 120 is left. The side is beyond the cutting module 110, and the leftmost guard unit 122 of the lower shroud 120 is closer to the upper cover 30 than the cutting module 110.
  • the lateral width of the lower shroud 120 is greater than or equal to the cutting module 110.
  • the free end of the lower shroud 120 extends forwardly such that the longitudinal extent of the lower shroud 120 is greater than the cutting module 110, ie, the lower shroud 120 is closer to the upper cover 30 than the cutting module 110.
  • the degree of protection of the shield can be defined as one level.
  • the corresponding direction A lower shroud 120 is disposed below the cutting module 110, and the lower shroud 120 is closer to the upper cover 30 than the cutting module 110 in this direction. Further, in order to prevent the cutting module 110 from being located at the lowest cutting position, the hand or the foot extends from the position parallel to the cutting module 110 or protrudes from above the cutting module 110, and the lower shield 120 extends upward in the corresponding direction.
  • the distance between the lower shroud 120 and the upper cover 30 is sufficiently close that the distance that the hand or the foot cannot protrude or protrude is insufficient to contact the cutting module 110.
  • the free end of the lower shroud 120 represents its left and/or right end, and in the longitudinal direction, the free end of the lower shroud 120 represents its front end and/or rear end.
  • the degree of protection of the shield can be defined as two levels.
  • a lower shield 120 is disposed under the cutting module 110 in the corresponding direction, and the lower shield 120 is disposed therein.
  • the upper cover 30 is closer in direction than the cutting module 110.
  • an upper shroud 130 is disposed above the cutting module 110.
  • the upper shroud 130 and the lower shroud 120 have the same structure and the guard units 122 are in one-to-one correspondence. Laterally, the free ends of the upper shroud 130 and the lower shroud 120 in the above-described directions may be joined to form a closed side to prevent the hand or foot from contacting the cutting module 110 from the side.
  • a gap may be provided on the side as long as the gap and the distance of the side away from the cutting module 110 satisfy the condition that the finger cannot contact the cutting module 110, so that the shield 120 and/or the upper portion can be avoided in the case of cutting to the side.
  • the shield 130 squeezes the grass and breaks the cut to edge effect.
  • the lateral widths of the upper shield 130 and the lower shield 120 are greater than the cutting module 110.
  • the upper shroud 130 and the lower shroud 120 can be independently disposed. If the spacing is too large to meet the safety requirements, the free end of the upper shroud 130 extends downwardly and/or the free end of the lower shroud 120 extends upwardly such that the spacing between the upper shroud 130 and the lower shroud 120 and The distance away from the cutting module 110 meets safety requirements. Further, the free ends of the upper shroud 130 and the lower shroud 120 may be integrally connected, that is, the upper shroud 130 and the lower shroud 120 are integrally formed.
  • the degree of protection of the shield can be defined as three levels.
  • the first part of the child's arm has a diameter of 8.6 mm and a length of 57.9 mm.
  • the second part has a diameter of 38.4 mm and a length of 101.6 mm. Therefore, if the gap of the shield is less than 8.6 mm, the child arm cannot extend; if the gap is greater than or equal to 8.6 mm and less than 38.4 mm, the distance of the shield away from the cutting module must be greater than or equal to 57.9 mm.
  • the corresponding length of the first part of the adult hand having a diameter of 8.6 mm or less is 8.6 mm
  • the corresponding length of the diameter of more than 8.6 mm and less than or equal to 12 mm is 71.4 mm
  • the length and width of the second part are respectively 50 mm and 20 mm. Therefore, in order to ensure that the fingertip of the adult finger cannot be inserted, it must be ensured that when the gap is 8.6 mm, the distance between the free end of the shield and the cutting module is greater than or equal to 8.6 mm. It can be understood that when the gap is any value less than 8.6 mm. The minimum distance between the free end of the shield and the cutting module can be reduced accordingly.
  • the condition 1 must be satisfied: the gap is less than or equal to 8.6 mm. If the gap is 8.6mm, the distance must be greater than or equal to 8.6mm. If the gap is reduced, the minimum distance can be reduced accordingly; or the condition 2 is satisfied: the gap is greater than 8.6mm and less than 12mm, and the distance is greater than or equal to 57.9mm; or condition 3 is satisfied: The gap is greater than 12 mm and less than 20 mm, and the distance is greater than or equal to 80 mm. It will be appreciated that these conditions are based on the fact that the shroud is undeformed under a certain degree of force, if the shroud is deformed after being stressed, reducing the gap or increasing the distance to compensate for possible deformation.
  • the lower shroud 120 needs to satisfy the condition 1.
  • the upper shroud 130 is disposed above the cutting module 110.
  • the structure of the upper shroud 130 is not affected by the cutting position, and the condition 1 or condition can be satisfied. 2 or condition 3 is arbitrarily set.
  • the lateral width of the guard unit 122 of the upper shroud 120 is reduced to increase its distance away from the cutting module 110, which is advantageous for grazing. It can be understood that the protection unit 122 of the upper shroud 130 and the lower shroud 120 may not correspond one-to-one as long as the installation and safety requirements can be met.
  • the distance between the free ends of the upper shroud 130 and the lower shroud 120 satisfies the above condition 1 That is, when the interval between the free ends of the upper shroud 130 and the lower shroud 120 is greater than 8.6 mm and less than 12 mm, the distance between the front free end and the cutting module 110 must satisfy the condition 2; when the upper shroud 130 and the lower The spacing between the free ends of the shroud 120 is greater than 12 mm and less than 20 mm, and the distance between the front free end and the cutting module must satisfy the condition 3.
  • the free ends of the upper shroud 130 and the lower shroud 120 may be respectively connected, and the original gap is combined with the front free end and the cutting module 110.
  • the distance is protected.
  • the specific numerical values involved in the present invention can be increased or decreased by a certain margin depending on the actual size.
  • a higher level of protection can be set in the case where the protection level of the shield is low, and any combination can be provided as long as the safety requirements can be met.
  • the protection level of the upper cover is zero, there is no need for a shield or a shield of any level; when the protection level of the upper cover is one, the protection level of the shield is one or two or three; When the protection level of the cover is 2, the protection level of the shield is 2 or 3; when the protection level of the upper cover is 3, the protection level of the protection must meet the requirements of the third level.
  • the upper barrier of the lawn mower 100 may include only the upper cover 30.
  • the upper barrier of the lawn mower 100 needs to be The upper cover 30 and the upper cover 130 are included.
  • the cutter assembly includes a first unit including a first blade 112 and a second unit including a lower shroud 120, the first blade 112 and the lower shroud 120 colliding with each other and reciprocating .
  • the second unit is also a second blade 114, and the first blade 112 and the second blade 114 oppose each other and reciprocate.
  • the cutting module 110 is disposed in front of the body 10, and has no upper cover 30 in all directions of the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction. Protection. This requires the guard to be shielded in all directions so that the hand or foot cannot access the cutting module 110.
  • the lawn mower 100 employs a reciprocating scissors cutter, the first blade 112 is a movable blade, and the lower shield 120 is a fixed blade that abuts against the first blade 11. Since the lower shroud 120 is stationary relative to the fuselage 10, the lower shroud 120 is both part of the cutting module 110 and can be used as a shroud.
  • the guard of the conventional lawn mower needs to maintain a certain distance from the blade, when the cutting module 110 is at the lowest cutting height, in order to prevent the guard from contacting the ground under normal conditions, the thickness of the guard in the height direction must be sufficiently small. In order to ensure the strength of each comb tooth of the guard, the width in the width direction must be sufficiently large. Therefore, the space for the protection device to leak grass is small, the efficiency of the grass for the protection device is low, and the distance between the protection device and the ground is too small, and it is easy to grind when the ground is uneven.
  • the lower shroud 120 functions as both a fixed knife and a shroud, that is, the protective unit 122 of the lower shroud 120 can serve as both a shield and a cutting edge. Therefore, the cutting module that cannot be contacted here mainly refers to the first blade 112, and the lower shield 120 is in contact.
  • the lower shroud 120 is in direct contact with the first blade 112 at a distance that is sufficiently small to correspondingly increase the thickness of the shroud 120 in the vertical direction. Further, in order to reduce the problem of grinding, and in order to cut the grass in the cutting area more efficiently, the lateral width of the guard unit 122 can be correspondingly reduced.
  • the thickness and width of the lower shroud 120 are balanced with each other, the strength requirement can be achieved.
  • the contact area of the lower shroud 120 with the grass surface is reduced.
  • reducing the width of each guard unit 122 increases the grass gap and increases the grass entering the cutting area.
  • the gap of the lower shroud 120 is 5.5 mm, and the thickness of the guard unit 122 is 4 mm.
  • the height of the lower shield 120 from the ground gradually increases from the back to the front. This ensures both the strength of each of the guard units 122 of the lower shroud 120 and the effect of the lower shroud 120 on the movement of the mower 100.
  • an upper shroud 130 is disposed above the first blade 112. In order to prevent the upper shroud 130 from affecting the movement of the first blade 112, the upper shroud 130 is at a certain distance from the first blade 112.
  • the lower shroud 120 and the upper shroud 130 have a one-to-one correspondence of the guard units 122 in the vertical direction, and the free end of the upper shroud 130 extends downward, and the upper shroud 130 abuts the free end of the lower shroud 120.
  • a U-shaped shield is formed.
  • the distance between the free end of the upper shroud 130 and the first blade 112 is 4 mm, and the lateral distance between the leftmost and rightmost guard unit 122 of the upper shroud 130 and the first blade 112 is 4 mm.
  • the upper shroud 130 and the lower shroud 120 are independently mounted. In other embodiments, the upper shroud 130 and the lower shroud 120 may be integrally formed.
  • the rear side of the cutting module 110 is mounted on the body 10, and the toothed blade is oriented toward the forward direction of the lawn mower 100. Since the rear side can achieve a certain degree of protection through the fuselage 10, the rear sides of the cutting module 110 Close it. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the protection behind the cutting module 110 can have different forms as long as the safety requirements are met.
  • the distance at which the fingertip can extend is 3.9 mm, which is in front of the upper shield 130 in this embodiment.
  • the free end is at a distance of 4 mm from the first blade 112 so that the finger does not touch the first blade 112. If the child arm is parallel in parallel from the front of the cutting module 110, the diameter of the first portion is 8.6 mm, which is larger than the gap of the upper shroud 130, so that it cannot protrude into the upper shroud 130, and the first blade 112 is not accessible.
  • the finger extends on the lower surface of the lower shroud 120 and bends upward at the end of the lower shroud 120, and the fingertips are also inaccessible.
  • the lower shield 120 and/or the upper shield 130 are made of a lightweight material.
  • the upper shield 130 is made of nylon material, and the first blade 112 and the second blade 120 are also made of lightweight metal.
  • the high speed is used.
  • Steel makes the mower 100 lighter overall.
  • the cutting module 110 is installed in front of the fuselage 10, and the lightweight material can prevent the center of gravity from moving forward seriously, which affects the work of the lawn mower 100.
  • the shroud and the blade can be made of other materials.
  • the structure of the lower shroud 120 is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, with the difference that the distance of the upper shroud 130 from the first blade 112 in the vertical direction is increased. In this way, the grass clippings after cutting can be prevented from affecting the cutting between the first blade 112 and the upper shield 130.
  • the outermost surface of the upper shield 130 is 30 mm away from the first blade 112, so that the grass clippings can be smoothly performed. Leakage from the gap of the shroud 120.
  • the main structure of the lower shroud 120 is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the cutter assembly further includes a second blade 114.
  • the first blade 112 and the second blade 114 are configured. Scissors cutter.
  • the lower shroud 120 and the second blade 114 are two independent structures, and the lower shroud 120 is disposed below the second blade 114, and may or may not be in direct contact with the second blade 114.
  • the main structure of the lawn mower 100 is substantially identical to that of the first embodiment, except that the cutting module 110 is located inside the upper cover 30 in the longitudinal and lateral directions.
  • the distance between the cutting module 110 and the upper cover 30 in the front and left and right directions is less than 80 mm
  • the height of the upper cover 30 in front of the cutting module 110 is 50 mm
  • the height of the upper cover 30 on both sides in the lateral direction is 35 mm.
  • the lower shroud 120 is disposed independently of the cutting module 110, and the cutting module 110 includes a first blade 112 and a second blade 114.
  • the lower shroud 120 extends upward on the front side of the second blade 114, and the lower shroud 120 of the extended portion is similar in structure to the lower portion of the second blade 114 with a gap of 5.5 mm and a thickness of 4 mm.
  • the thickness of the extended portion may be increased or decreased, but the distance from the free end of the lower shroud 120 away from the second blade 114 must be greater than or equal to 3.9 mm.
  • the purpose of the lower shroud 120 extending upward is that the lower shroud 120 is sufficiently close to the upper cover 30 when the cutting module 110 is in the lowest cutting position such that the fingers cannot extend into or extend a certain distance but cannot access the cutting module 110.
  • the distance between the lower shroud 120 and the upper cover 30 in the vertical direction is 8.5 mm.
  • the upper cover 30 cannot cover the cutting module 110 on the left or right side of the cutting module 110, in order to avoid the finger touching the cutting module 110 in the direction of the left or right side of the lawn mower 100.
  • the outermost side of the lower shroud 120 needs to extend upward.
  • the distance between the lower shroud 120 and the upper cover 30 in the vertical direction is 8.5 mm.
  • the gap and thickness of the lower shroud 120 prevent the fingers from accessing the cutting module.
  • the adult hand or the child arm extends from between the lower shroud 120 and the upper cover 30, since the distance between the lower shroud 120 and the upper cover 30 is 8.5 mm, the length that the adult hand can reach is about 8.5 mm, and the lower The thickness of the shield unit 122 of the shield 120 is 4 mm, so that the movable portion of the finger on the rear side of the lower shield 130 is only 4.5 mm in length, and cannot be bent downward, so that the finger cannot touch the cutting module 110.
  • the child's finger is 8.6 mm in diameter and cannot be inserted into it.
  • the size of each part of the adult foot is greater than 8.5 mm, and the cutting module 110 is also inaccessible, and will not be described here.
  • the main structure of the lawn mower 100 is basically the same as that of the fourth embodiment, except that the cutting module 110 is installed between the front wheel and the rear wheel, and is biased. Placed on the left side of the body 10.
  • the height of the upper cover 30 from the ground is less than 35 mm, and the shortest distance between the cutting module 110 and the outermost side of the front upper cover 30 is greater than or equal to 80 mm; in the lateral direction, the distance between the cutting module 110 and the right upper cover 30 is greater than 80 mm, and the left upper cover 30 The distance is less than 80mm.
  • the lower shield 120 needs to be disposed below the left side of the cutting module 110. Since the lower shroud 120 is not integrally disposed below the cutting module 110, the lower shroud 120 in this embodiment is independent of the second blade 114 for ease of implementation.
  • the protective unit 122 of the lower shroud 120 has a vertical thickness of 8.5 mm and a gap of 8 mm. The adult fingers can extend into the gap but extend into the length of less than 8.5 mm, so that the lower shroud 120 only prevents the hands or feet from being laterally
  • the contact cutting module 110 extends into the left or right direction.
  • the lower shroud 120 is disposed on the left side below the cutting module 110, and the width of the lower shroud 120 needs to satisfy that when the operator lifts the mower 100, the finger does not accidentally protrude into the cutting module 110.
  • the width of the single lower shroud 120 is 52 mm. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, if the thickness of the guard unit 122 is reduced, the width of the lower shroud must be correspondingly increased.
  • the longest distance that the foot can protrude from below the upper cover 30 is 80 mm, and the cutting module 110 and the upper cover The distance of 30 is greater than 80 mm, so the foot cannot touch the cutting module 110.
  • the outermost side of the lower shroud 120 and the upper cover 30 have a distance of 8.5 mm in the vertical direction, and the minimum height of the forming foot is 35 mm, the foot cannot be inserted.
  • the cut surface of the hand abuts against the guard unit 122 on the left side of the lower shroud 120, if the finger extends inwardly along the lower surface of the lower shroud 120, and the freedom of the lower shroud 120
  • the end bends the finger upwards, and since the width of the shield is 52 mm, the finger cannot touch the cutting module 110.
  • the cut surface of the hand abuts against the upper cover 30, and the maximum distance extending inward is 80 mm, and the distance between the upper cover 30 and the cutting module 110 is greater than 80 mm, so that the finger cannot touch the cutting module 110.
  • the main structure of the lawn mower 100 is basically the same as that of the fifth embodiment, except that the cutting module 110 is not biased to one side, and is laterally and left and right.
  • the distance of the cover 30 is less than 80 mm.
  • the structure of the lower shield 120 is similar to the fifth embodiment and will not be described herein. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the second blade 114 and the lower shroud 120 can be integrally formed.
  • the main structure of the lawn mower 100 is basically the same as that of the fourth embodiment, except that the cutting module 110 is installed between the front wheel and the rear wheel, and the height of the upper cover 30 is less than 35 mm from the ground.
  • the distance between the outermost side of the cover 30 and the cutting module 110 is greater than or equal to 80 mm.
  • the guard is the upper cover 30, and when the hands and feet are extended from the upper cover 30, since the distance is sufficiently large, the cutting module 110 is not touched.
  • the upper cover 30 in front of the cutting module 110 is provided with a plurality of comb members parallel to each other and parallel to the advancing direction, so that the grass passes through the grass passage before entering the mowing assembly. The carding, combing and tidying are carried out to improve the mowing efficiency.
  • the main structure of the lawn mower 100 is substantially the same as that of the third embodiment, except that the first blade 112 and the second blade 114 are coupled to the transmission shaft through an eccentric transmission mechanism to rotate the transmission shaft. It is converted into a relative reciprocating motion of the first blade 112 and the second blade 114.
  • the drive shaft is mounted with an eccentric, and the first blade 112 and the second blade 114 are respectively fixed at different positions of the eccentric.
  • the eccentric rotates, the first blade 112 and the second blade 114 achieve relative reciprocating motion. Since the second blade 114 moves during operation, a certain distance is required between the shield 120 and the second blade 114 to prevent the lower shield 120 from affecting the movement of the second blade 114.
  • the main structure of the lawn mower 100 is substantially the same as that of the third embodiment, except that the cutting module further includes a third blade that is not driven by the cutting motor, and the third blade and the first blade 112. It is in direct contact and is integrally formed with the upper shield 130, that is, the third blade 130 is used both as a fixed knife and as a shield.
  • the upper shroud 130 and the lower shroud 120 extend forward a certain length to meet the safety requirements.
  • the first blade 112 may be a fixed knife that is not driven by the cutting motor, and the second blade 114 reciprocates relative to the first blade 112.
  • the first blade 112 may be independent of the upper shield 130, or the upper shield 130 may be used as a fixed knife, and the second blade 114 has a certain distance from the shield 120.
  • the main structure of the lawn mower is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the first blade 112 and the second blade 114 can be reciprocally oscillated with respect to the rotation of the eccentric transmission mechanism.
  • the oppositely facing edges of the blade 112 and the second blade 114 contact in motion to effect cutting.
  • the structure of the cutter assembly can be substantially identical to any of the first to eleventh embodiments.
  • the cutter assembly mainly includes a first blade 112 and a lower shroud 120, and may also include a second blade 114, and/or an upper shroud 130 according to actual needs, except that the cutter assembly further includes a detachable mounting structure, so that the cutter assembly can be It is detachably mounted to the lawn mower for the user to choose to install on the lawn mower 100, so that the lawn mower 100 completes the task of mowing or trimming in the work area.
  • the cutter assembly can also include a drive motor that the user drives the first blade 112 or the second blade 114.

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Abstract

一种割草机（100），包括：机身（10），以割草机（100）前进方向为纵向，以垂直于地面的方向为竖向，以同时垂直于纵向和竖向的方向为横向；安装于机身（10）的切割马达；安装于机身（10）的刀具组件，由切割马达驱动，刀具组件包括相对往返运动的第一单元和第二单元，第二单元位于第一单元下方；割草机（100）还包括上部屏障，在纵向和/或横向上形成对刀具组件的防护；第二单元包括下护罩（120），下护罩（120）包括多个防护单元，相邻防护单元之间形成供草漏过的间隙。该割草机（100）能够高效地切割到区域边界及障碍物边缘，并从三维方向上防止手、脚或童臂意外触及运动的刀片。

Description

割草机，智能割草机及刀具组件 技术领域
本发明涉及割草机，特别是涉及一种智能割草机，还涉及一种可以安装于割草机的刀具组件。
背景技术
随着计算机技术和人工智能技术的不断进步，智能割草机已经开始慢慢的走进人们的生活。智能割草机能够自动在用户的草坪中割草、充电，无需用户干涉。这种自动工作系统一次设置之后就无需再投入精力管理，将用户从清洁、草坪维护等枯燥且费时费力的家务工作中解放出来。
智能割草机可以在边界线或其他形式限定的范围内在草坪上行走并修整草坪，而传统的割草机，其切割机构大多数为在机壳下方居中设置的中心旋转刀盘，刀盘距离机壳外侧较远，而割草机行走到草坪边缘的时候，割草机会自动转向，使得边界线附近的草坪无法切割。即使目前市场上出现了刀盘偏置的割草机，但受限于使用安全的考虑，机壳和护罩等防护装置的设置使得工作区域边缘的草坪始终无法被切割到，需要用户另外用其他工具进行修边，对用户来说并不方便。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的缺陷，本发明所要解决的问题是提供一种能够切割到边且安全性高的割草机。
本发明解决现有技术问题所采用的一个技术方案是：
一种割草机，包括：机身,以所述割草机前进方向为所述机身的纵向，以垂直于地面的方向为所述机身的竖向，以同时垂直于所述纵向和竖向的方向为所述机身的横向；切割马达，安装于所述机身；刀具组件，安装于所述机身，由所述切割马达驱动，所述刀具组件包括第一单元和第二单元，所述第一单元与所述第二单元相对往返运动以割草，所述第二单元位于所述第一单元下方；所述割草机还包括上部屏障，在纵向和/或横向上形成对所述刀具组件的防护；所述第二单元包括下护罩，所述下护罩包括多个防护单元，相邻防护单元之间形成供草漏过的间隙。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一单元包括第一刀片，所述第一刀片包括横向延伸的主体，所述主体向外延伸多个间隔设置的齿形刀刃。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一单元与所述第二单元至少部分接触。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二单元包括第二刀片。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二刀片与所述下护罩分离或一体成形
在其中一个实施例中，所述往返运动包括平移往复或摆动。
在其中一个实施例中，所述下护罩的间隙小于等于8.6mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述防护单元的横向宽度小于等于5mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述下护罩与地面的距离在纵向上自内向外增大。
在其中一个实施例中，所述下护罩与所述机身的位置相对固定。
在其中一个实施例中，所述上部屏障包括上盖，安装于所述机身。
在其中一个实施例中，所述刀具组件朝向所述纵向上的一侧，所述上盖在所述一侧与所述第一单元的距离大于80mm,所述上盖在所述一侧的外边缘与地面的距离小于35mm.
在其中一个实施例中，所述上盖在所述一侧与所述第一单元的距离小于80mm，和/或所述第一单元在所述一侧上超出所述上盖,和/或所述上盖在所述一侧的外边缘与地面的距离大于35mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述上盖在横向上与所述第一单元的距离小于80mm，和/或所述上盖在横向上的外边缘与地面的距离大于35mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述刀具组件朝向所述纵向上的一个方向，所述下护罩在所述方向上超出所述第一单元。
在其中一个实施例中，所述下护罩横向宽度大于所述第一单元。
在其中一个实施例中，所述下护罩安装于所述第一单元横向上的左侧和/或右侧。
在其中一个实施例中，所述下护罩的横向宽度大于等于52mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述下护罩在所述方向上的自由端向上延伸，竖向上高于第一单元。
在其中一个实施例中，所述下护罩与所述上部屏障在竖向上的距离小于等于8.6mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述上部屏障包括上护罩，安装于所述第一单元上方，所述上护罩包括防护单元，相邻防护单元之间形成供草漏过的间隙。
在其中一个实施例中，所述上护罩的防护单元与所述下护罩在竖向上大致重合，以使所述防护单元之间的间隙供草漏过。
在其中一个实施例中，所述刀具组件朝向所述纵向上的一个方向，所述上护罩在所述方向上超出所述第一单元。
在其中一个实施例中，所述上护罩与所述下护罩在所述方向上的自由端之间的距离小于等于8.6mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述上护罩与所述下护罩在所述方向上的自由端之间的距离大于8.6mm且小于等于12mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述上护罩和/或下护罩在所述方向上的自由端与所述第一刀片的距离大于等于57.9mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述上护罩与所述下护罩在所述方向上的自由端相互连接。
本发明解决现有技术问题所采用的另一个技术方案是：
一种智能割草机，在工作区域内自主移动和工作，所述智能割草机包括：
机身,以所述智能割草机前进方向为所述机身的纵向，以垂直于地面的方向为所述机身的竖向，以同时垂直于所述纵向和竖向的方向为所述机身的横向；切割马达，安装于所述机身；刀具组件，安装于所述机身，由所述切割马达驱动，所述刀具组件包括第一单元和第二单元，所述第一单元与所述第二单元相对往返运动以割草，所述第二单元位于所述第一单元下方；所述智能割草机还包括上部屏障，在纵向和/或横向上形成对所述刀具组件的防护；所述第二单元包括下护罩，所述下护罩包括多个防护单元，相邻防护单元之间形成供草漏过的间隙。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一单元包括第一刀片，所述第一刀片包括横向延伸的主体，所述主体向外延伸多个间隔设置的齿形刀刃。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二单元包括第二刀片。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二刀片与所述下护罩分离或一体成形。
在其中一个实施例中，所述下护罩的间隙小于等于8.6mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述防护单元的横向宽度小于等于5mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述上部屏障包括上盖，安装于所述机身。
在其中一个实施例中，所述上部屏障包括上护罩，安装于所述第一单元上方，所述上护罩包括防护单元，相邻防护单元之间形成供草漏过的间隙。
本发明解决现有技术问题所采用的又一个技术方案是：
一种刀具组件，可拆卸地安装于割草机，所述刀具组件包括：第一单元和第二单元，所述第一单元与所述第二单元相对往返运动以割草，所述第二单元位于所述第一单元下方；所述第二单元包括下护罩，所述下护罩包括多个防护单元，相邻防护单元之间形成供草漏过的间隙。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一单元包括第一刀片，所述第一刀片包括横向延伸的主体，所述主体向外延伸多个间隔设置的齿形刀刃。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二单元包括第二刀片。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二刀片与所述下护罩分离或一体成形。
在其中一个实施例中，所述刀具组件还包括上护罩，所述上护罩包括多个防护单元，相邻防护单元之间形成供草漏过的间隙。
在其中一个实施例中，所述上护罩的防护单元与所述下护罩的防护单元在竖向上大致重合，以使所述防护单元之间的间隙供草漏过。
在其中一个实施例中，所述下护罩的间隙小于等于8.6mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述防护单元的横向宽度小于等于5mm。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：使用切割面积大的剪刀式刀具，使得割草机在单位时间内的切割面积更大，切割效率更高；并且能够更高效地切割到区域边界及障碍物边缘，通过设置防护装置，使得剪刀式刀具设置在割草机的各个位置都能从三维方向上防止手、脚或童臂意外接触到运动的刀片。
附图说明
以上所述的本发明的目的、技术方案以及有益效果可以通过下面附图实现：
图1是本发明第一实施例的割草机示意图。
图2是本发明第一实施例的切割模块与护罩爆炸图。
图3是本发明第二实施例的切割模块与护罩爆炸图。
图4是本发明第六实施例的割草机示意图。
图5是本发明第四实施例的割草机剖视图。
图6是本发明第五实施例的割草机示意图。
图7是本发明第六实施例的切割模块与护罩示意图。
附图标记说明
100、割草机；110、切割模块；112、第一刀片；114、第二刀片；120、下护罩；122、防护单元；130、上护罩；10、机身；20、行走模块；30、上盖。
具体实施方式
有关本发明的详细说明和技术内容，配合附图说明如下，然而所附附图仅提供参考与说明，并非用来对本发明加以限制。
本发明提供一种割草机，如图1所示。本实施例中，割草机100是一种智能割草机。割草机100包括机身10，安装于机身10两侧的行走模块20，安装于机身10内部的切割马达(未示出)，安装于机身10并由切割马达驱动的切割模块110，控制割草机100自动工作及自动行走的控制模块(未示出)，以及提供能量的能源模块(未示出)。本发明的描述中以割草机100前进方向为机身10的纵向，以垂直于地面的方向为机身10的竖向， 以同时垂直于纵向和竖向的方向为机身10的横向。当然，在其他实施例中，割草机100也可以是由人工操作的割草机，如手推割草机等。
在一个实施例中，切割马达固定在机身10上，利用减速齿轮将动力传递给传动轴。切割模块110为包括相对运动的两个切割元件的剪刀式刀具，其中包括第一刀片112，与传动轴通过偏心传动机构传递动力，使传动轴的旋转运动转换为第一刀片112的往复运动。
第一刀片112具有在横向上延伸的主体，主体向前延伸多个间隔设置的齿形刀刃，每组齿形刀刃包含两个朝向相反的，且与往复运动方向大致垂直的刀刃。一般的，第二刀片114也包括多组间隔设置的齿形刀刃。第一刀片112与第二刀片114在横向上相对平移往复运动，当第一刀片112相对于第二刀片114往左运动时，第一刀片112朝向左侧的刀刃与第二刀片114朝向右侧的至少一个刀刃交错；当第一刀片112相对于第二刀片114往右运动时，第一刀片112朝向右侧的刀刃与第二刀片114朝向左侧的至少一个刀刃交错。
传统的割草机的切割模块为刀盘上安装的多个刀片，与刀盘式切割模块相比，剪刀式刀具的有效工作面积更大，单位时间内的切割效率更高。
由于传统割草机通过刀盘旋转时刀片相对于草坪的高速运动实现割草，且切割刀片的刀刃向外，防护装置需要与刀片保持一定的距离，以防接触到刀片之后损坏刃口。因此，即使刀盘偏置，在实际应用时，刀片与防护装置存在距离，防护装置与上盖也存在距离，最终切割到边的效果依然不理想。而剪刀式刀具的刃口向内，护罩与刀具的距离可以减小，侧面切割到边的效果得到改善。进一步的，剪刀式刀具可以设置在割草机的最前侧，实现前侧切割到边，尤其是在工作区域内的障碍物周围，前置的剪刀式刀具也能够基本实现切割到障碍物边界。
割草机100一般是在无人操作的情况下自动在预定的区域内巡航工作的，人或动物可能因偶然因素将脚或手伸入机身下方，接触到切割模块110，引起安全问题。尤其是在机器走出边界或者发生故障时，需要人工操作将其抬起，以进行充电或维修等。为了实现操作安全，必须采取措施使得在割草机100工作情况下操作者的手、脚不会触及切割模块，以防受到伤害。
为了满足割草机100在工作状态下的安全操作要求，需要利用防护装置进行防护，包括割草机100本身的上盖30或护罩使得成人的手脚以及童臂无法触及到切割模块110。防护的方式为利用上盖30使得手或脚靠近切割模块110到极限的情况下，仍然无法接触到切割模块110，即上盖30与地面距离，切割模块110与上盖30距离相互平衡；防护 方式还可以为护罩，在护罩的间隙足够小，且厚度足够大或其距离切割模块110足够远的情况下，即使手或脚接触到防护装置，也无法从防护装置伸入到切割模块。
割草机100的上盖30可以有多种不同形式，第一种是离地高度足够小，使得手或脚只能伸入较少一部分的情况，此时，若满足上盖30外侧与切割模块110的距离大于等于伸入长度即可避免接触，将这种上盖30的防护等级定义为零级；若上盖30外侧与切割模块110的距离小于伸入长度，将这种上盖30的防护等级定义为一级。第二种是离地高度较大，使得手或脚伸入长度较大，无法避免与切割模块110接触，将这种上盖30的防护等级定义为二级。第三种是离地高度过大，或切割模块110超出上盖30，此时上盖30的防护能力最弱，只能依靠护罩才能满足安全要求，将这种上盖的防护等级定义为三级。
为了避免意外的发生，必须使得操作者的手或脚，以及儿童的手臂不会意外触及到切割模块110。这里使用普通成人的手脚儿童的手臂进行说明，成人手包括两个部分，第一部分直径小于等于12mm，长度为80mm，包含两个可弯曲的关节，第二部分与第一部分直接通过截止面隔开。一般成人可能接触到切割模块110是在搬运条件下，手指从上盖30下方伸入时，截止面会抵靠在上盖30外侧。因此只要满足上盖30最外侧与切割模块110的距离大于80mm，即可防止手指接触到切割模块110。成人脚包括三个部分，第一部分的高度为35mm，宽度为50mm，该部分长度为80mm,第二部分的高度为35mm至70mm，宽度为70mm，因此满足上述条件的同时上盖30离地高度须小于35mm，这样，脚就无法从上盖30下方伸入触及到切割模块110。儿童手臂包括三个部分，第一部分的直径为8.6mm,长度为57.9mm，包含两个可弯曲的关节，第二部分的直径为38.4mm，长度为101.6mm。因此，上盖30高度小于35mm，且切割模块110与上盖30外侧的距离大于等于57.9mm，童臂就无法触及到切割模块110。也就是说，只要上盖高度小于35mm，切割模块110与上盖30外侧的距离大于等于80mm，就可以满足安全要求。
当上盖30的防护等级为一级至三级，必须设置护罩才能满足防护要求，下面针对各种情况下的护罩要求进行详细描述。
如图4所示，护罩包括设置在切割模块110下方的下护罩120，下护罩120由多个防护单元122构成，由于下护罩120设置在切割模块110的切割区域内，为了使得下护罩120的设置不影响草进入切割区域，防护单元122相互平行且大致平行于割草机100前进方向，相邻防护单元122之间形成供草漏过的间隙。通常，间隙越大，进草效率越高，间隙越小，进草效率越低。然而增大间隙就会导致手指伸入的空间增大，因此，需要在操作安全和切割效率之间找到平衡。在防护单元122之间的间隙增大的情况下，需要同时增加防护单元122在上下方向上的厚度或者增加防护单元122与切割模块110的 距离。
切割模块110的安装位置不同，下护罩120的设置需要相应变化。根据前后左右各个方向上切割模块110与上盖30外侧的最短距离以及上盖30的高度确定下护罩120的形式。为了保证在所有切割高度时的操作安全，需要考虑切割模块110离地高度最高、最低以及各种对操作者不利的情况。
当上盖30离地高度小于等于切割模块110最低切割位置的离地高度，且小于35mm，切割模块110在横向或纵向上的任意方向与上盖30外侧的最短距离小于80mm时，相应方向上需设置下护罩120，在该方向上，下护罩120比切割模块110更靠近上盖30。并且下护罩120具有一定横向宽度，使得切割模块110在最低切割位置时，成人手的截止面抵靠在上盖30上，手指伸向切割模块110并向上弯曲时不会触及切割模块110。横向上，若切割模块110的左侧与上盖30外侧的距离小于80mm,那么下护罩120设置在切割模块110左下方，下护罩120左侧向外延伸，使得下护罩120在左侧超出切割模块110，下护罩120最左侧的防护单元122比切割模块110更靠近上盖30。纵向上，若切割模块110与前方上盖30外侧距离小于80mm，那么下护罩120的横向宽度大于等于切割模块110。下护罩120前方的自由端向前延伸，使得下护罩120的纵向长度大于切割模块110，即下护罩120比切割模块110更靠近上盖30。这里，可将护罩的防护等级定义为一级。
当上盖30离地高度大于切割模块110最低切割位置的离地高度，或大于35mm，且切割模块110在横向或纵向上的任意方向与上盖30外侧的最短距离小于80mm时，相应方向上切割模块110下方需设置下护罩120，下护罩120在该方向上比切割模块110更靠近上盖30。进一步的，为了避免切割模块110位于最低切割位置时，手或脚从平行于切割模块110的位置伸入或者从切割模块110的上方伸入，下护罩120在相应方向上的自由端向上延伸，使得下护罩120与上盖30的距离足够近，手或脚无法伸入或伸入的距离不足以接触切割模块110。在横向上，下护罩120的自由端表示它的左端和/或右端，在纵向上，下护罩120的自由端表示它的前端和/或后端。如图7所示，若切割模块110与左侧的上盖30距离小于80mm,下护罩120最左侧的防护单元122向上延伸。这里，可将护罩的防护等级定义为二级。
如图1和图2所示，当上盖30离地高度过大或者切割模块110超出上盖30保护范围时，相应方向的切割模块110下方需设置下护罩120，下护罩120在该方向上比切割模块110更靠近上盖30。同样的，在切割模块110的上方设置上护罩130，上护罩130与下护罩120结构相同且防护单元122一一对应。横向上，上护罩130与下护罩120在上述方向上的自由端可以连接形成封闭侧面，以防止手或脚从该侧面接触到切割模块 110。当然，可以在该侧面设置间隙，只要间隙与该侧面远离切割模块110的距离满足手指无法接触到切割模块110的条件即可，这样可以避免在切割到边的情况下护罩120和/或上护罩130挤压草，破坏切割到边效果。纵向上，若切割模块110前方的上盖30离地高度过大或者切割模块110设置于上盖30前方，上护罩130和下护罩120横向宽度都大于切割模块110。如果上护罩130与下护罩120前方自由端的间隔以及自由端远离切割模块110的距离满足安全要求，上护罩130与下护罩120可以独立设置。如果间隔太大不满足安全要求，则上护罩130前方的自由端向下延伸和/或下护罩120前方的自由端延伸向上延伸，使得上护罩130和下护罩120前方的间隔以及远离切割模块110的距离满足安全要求。进一步的，上护罩130和下护罩120前方的自由端可以连接为一体，即上护罩130和下护罩120一体成型。这里，可将护罩的防护等级定义为三级。
儿童手臂第一部分的直径为8.6mm,长度为57.9mm，第二部分的直径为38.4mm，长度为101.6mm。因此若护罩的间隙小于8.6mm，童臂无法伸入；若间隙大于等于8.6mm且小于38.4mm,则护罩远离切割模块的距离须大于等于57.9mm。成人手的第一部分直径小于等于8.6mm的对应长度为8.6mm，直径大于8.6mm小于等于12mm的对应长度为71.4mm，第二部分的长宽分别为50mm和20mm。因此为了保证成人手指的指尖无法伸入，必须保证当间隙为8.6mm时，护罩自由端与切割模块的距离大于等于8.6mm,可以理解的是，当间隙为小于8.6mm的任意值时，护罩自由端与切割模块的距离最小值可以相应减小。因此，若要同时满足成人及儿童的手指无法伸入，须满足条件1：间隙小于等于8.6mm。若间隙为8.6mm，距离必须大于等于8.6mm，若间隙减小，最小距离可相应减小；或者满足条件2：间隙大于8.6mm且小于12mm，且距离大于等于57.9mm；或者满足条件3：间隙大于12mm且小于20mm，且距离大于等于80mm。可以理解的是，这些条件的基础是护罩在受到一定程度力的情况下未变形，如果护罩受力后发生变形，减小间隙或增大距离以补偿可能发生的形变。
可以理解的是，由于切割模块110的最低切割位置一般不会大于57.9mm，因此下护罩120需要满足条件1。然而，上护罩130设置在切割模块110上方，当切割模块110安装在机身10前方没有上盖30防护时，上护罩130的结构不受切割位置的影响，可以在满足条件1或条件2或条件3的情况下任意设置。可选的，将上护罩120的防护单元122横向宽度减小，增大其远离切割模块110的距离，这样有利于排草。可以理解的是，只要能满足安装以及安全要求，上护罩130与下护罩120的防护单元122也可以不一一对应。
如果上护罩130和下护罩120独立设置，当上护罩130和下护罩120前方自由端之 间的间隔小于等于8.6mm，前方自由端与切割模块110之间的距离满足上述条件1即可；当上护罩130和下护罩120前方自由端之间的间隔大于8.6mm且小于12mm，前方自由端与切割模块110之间的距离须满足条件2；当上护罩130和下护罩120前方自由端之间的间隔大于12mm且小于20mm，前方自由端与切割模块之间的距离须满足条件3。如果上护罩130和下护罩120之间的间隔较大，可将上护罩130和下护罩120前方的自由端分别连接，通过原有的间隙结合前方自由端与切割模块110之间的距离进行防护。当然，本发明中所涉及的具体数值都可以根据实际尺寸增大或减小一定的余量。
可以理解的是，为了进一步提高安全性，在护罩的防护等级需求较低的情况下，也可以设置更高等级的防护，只要能够满足安全要求可以任意组合。如，当上盖防护等级为零级时，可不设护罩或设置任意等级的护罩；当上盖防护等级为一级时，护罩防护等级为一级或二级或三级；当上盖防护等级为二级时，护罩防护等级为二级或三级；当上盖防护等级为三级时，护罩防护等级必须满足三级的要求。
在一个实施例中，当上盖30的防护能力较强时，割草机100的上部屏障可以只包括上盖30，当上盖30的防护能力较弱时，割草机100的上部屏障需要包括上盖30和上护罩130。
在一个实施例中，刀具组件包括第一单元和第二单元，第一单元包括第一刀片112，第二单元包括下护罩120，第一刀片112和下护罩120相互抵触并做往返运动。在其他实施例中，第二单元还第二刀片114，第一刀片112和第二刀片114相互抵触并做往返运动。
本发明的第一实施例中，如图1和图2所示，为了切割到边的效果最佳，切割模块110设置在机身10前方，在横向和纵向的各个方向上都没有上盖30防护。这样就需要防护装置在各个方向上防护，使得手或脚无法接触到切割模块110。
本实施例中，割草机100采用了往复运动的剪刀式刀具，第一刀片112为动刀片，下护罩120为定刀片，与第一刀片11相抵。由于下护罩120是相对于机身10静止的，因此下护罩120既是切割模块110的一部分，又可以作为护罩使用。
由于传统割草机的防护装置需要与刀片保持一定的距离，当切割模块110位于最低切割高度时，为了使防护装置在正常状态下不接触地面，防护装置的在高度方向上的厚度必须足够小，而为了保证防护装置每一个梳草齿的强度，其在宽度方向上的宽度必须足够大。因此防护装置漏草的空间较小，造成防护装置的梳草效率低，并且防护装置与地面距离太小，在地面高低不平的情况下容易磨草。
本实施例中，下护罩120的作用既是定刀又是护罩，也就是说下护罩120的防护单 元122既可以作为防护也可以作为刀刃。因此这里不能接触的切割模块主要是指第一刀片112，下护罩120是可以接触的。这样，下护罩120与第一刀片112直接接触，距离足够小，可以相应地增加护罩120在竖直方向上的厚度。进一步的，为了减少磨草问题，同时为了使切割区域内的草更高效地被切割，防护单元122的横向宽度可以相应减小。只要下护罩120的厚度和宽度相互平衡，达到强度要求即可。这样，下护罩120与草面的接触面积减小，对于横向宽度相同的下护罩120而言，减小每个防护单元122的宽度就增加了进草间隙，增大了草进入切割区域的可能性，从而提高割草效率。本实施例中，下护罩120间隙为5.5mm，防护单元122的厚度为4mm。为了避免割草机100遇到高低不平的地面时扎入其中，下护罩120离地的高度自后向前逐渐增大。这样既能保证下护罩120的每个防护单元122的强度，又能减少下护罩120对割草机100移动的影响。
本实施例中，第一刀片112上方设置了上护罩130，为了避免上护罩130对第一刀片112的运动造成影响，上护罩130与第一刀片112存在一定距离。下护罩120和上护罩130在竖直方向上的防护单元122一一对应，且上护罩130前方的自由端向下延伸，上护罩130与下护罩120前方的自由端对接，形成近似U形的护罩。上护罩130前方的自由端与第一刀片112的距离为4mm，上护罩130最左侧和最右侧的防护单元122与第一刀片112的横向距离都为4mm。本实施例中，上护罩130与下护罩120独立安装。在其他实施例中，上护罩130与下护罩120可以一体成型。
本实施例中，切割模块110的后侧安装于机身10，且齿形刀刃朝向割草机100的前进方向，由于后方可以通过机身10实现一定程度的防护，因此切割模块110后方两侧封闭即可。可以理解的是，在其他实施例中，切割模块110后方的防护可以有不同的形式，只要满足安全要求即可。
这样，当成人手从切割模块110上方或前方平行地靠近，由于上护罩130的间隙为5.5mm，因此手指指尖可以伸入的距离为3.9mm，由于本实施例中上护罩130前方的自由端与第一刀片112的距离为4mm，因此手指不会触及第一刀片112。如果童臂从切割模块110前方平行地靠近，其第一部分的直径为8.6mm，大于上护罩130的间隙，因此无法伸入上护罩130内，更无法触及第一刀片112。类似的，如果在搬运过程中，成人手的截止面抵靠在上护罩130的侧面，手指在下护罩120的下表面延伸，并在下护罩120的终端向上弯曲，指尖同样无法触及第一刀片112。
下护罩120和/或上护罩130采用轻质材料，本实施例中为上护罩130采用尼龙材料，第一刀片112和第二刀片120同样采用轻质金属，本实施例中为高速钢，使得割草机100整体轻量化。本实施例中切割模块110安装于机身10前，采用轻质材料可以避免重心严 重前移，影响割草机100工作。当然，在其他实施例中，护罩和刀片都可以采用其他材料。
本发明的第二实施例中，如图3所示，下护罩120的结构与第一实施例基本一致，区别在于上护罩130在竖直方向上与第一刀片112的距离增大，这样可以避免切割后的草屑卡在第一刀片112和上护罩130之间影响切割，本实施例中上护罩130最外侧与第一刀片112的距离为30mm，使得草屑能够顺利地从护罩120的间隙漏过。
本发明的第三实施例中，下护罩120的主要结构与第一实施例基本一致，区别在于刀具组件还包括第二刀片114，本实施例中，第一刀片112与第二刀片114构成剪刀式刀具。下护罩120与第二刀片114为独立的两个结构，下护罩120设置在第二刀片114的下方，与第二刀片114可以直接接触，也可以不直接接触。
本发明的第四实施例中，如图5所示，割草机100的主要结构与第一实施例基本一致，区别在于，切割模块110在纵向和横向上位于上盖30内部。为了实现切割到边，切割模块110在前方以及左右方向上与上盖30的距离都小于80mm，切割模块110前方的上盖30高度为50mm，横向上两侧的上盖30高度为35mm。
本实施例中，下护罩120与切割模块110独立设置，切割模块110包括第一刀片112和第二刀片114。下护罩120在第二刀片114的前侧向上延伸，延伸部分的下护罩120与第二刀片114下方结构类似，间隙为5.5mm，厚度为4mm。在其他实施例中，延伸部分的厚度可以增大或减小，但必须满足下护罩120下方的自由端远离第二刀片114的距离大于等于3.9mm。下护罩120向上延伸的目的是切割模块110在最低切割位置时，下护罩120与上盖30的距离足够近，使得手指无法伸入或伸入一定的距离但无法接触到切割模块110。本实施例中，当切割模块110位于最低切割位置时，下护罩120与上盖30在竖直方向上的距离为8.5mm。
当切割模块110位于最低切割位置时，上盖30无法在切割模块110的左侧或右侧覆盖切割模块110，为了避免手指在割草机100左侧或右侧的方向上触及到切割模块110，下护罩120最外侧需向上延伸。本实施例中，当切割模块110位于最低切割位置时，下护罩120与上盖30在竖向上的距离为8.5mm。
这样，当成人或儿童的手从切割模块110前方或左右方向上平行地靠近，与第三实施例类似，下护罩120的间隙和厚度使得手指无法触及切割模块。当成人手或童臂从下护罩120和上盖30之间伸入时，由于下护罩120和上盖30的距离为8.5mm，成人手能够伸入的长度约为8.5mm，而下护罩120防护单元122的厚度为4mm，因此手指在下护罩130后侧的可动部分长度仅4.5mm，无法向下弯曲，因此手指无法触及切割模块110。而 儿童的手指直径为8.6mm，无法伸入其中。成人脚各个部分的尺寸都大于8.5mm，同样无法触及切割模块110，这里不再赘述。
本发明的第五实施例中，如图6和图7所示，割草机100的主要结构与第四实施例基本一致，区别在于切割模块110安装在前轮和后轮之间，且偏置于机身10左侧。上盖30离地高度小于35mm，切割模块110与前方上盖30最外侧的最短距离大于等于80mm；横向上，切割模块110与右侧上盖30的距离大于80mm，与左侧上盖30的距离小于80mm。
本实施例中，切割模块110的左侧的下方需要设置下护罩120。由于下护罩120并不整体设置在切割模块110的下方，为了便于实施，本实施例中的下护罩120独立于第二刀片114。设置下护罩120的防护单元122的竖向厚度为8.5mm，间隙为8mm，成人手指可以伸入间隙中但伸入长度小于8.5mm，因此下护罩120的作用只是防止手或脚从横向上的左或右方向上伸入接触切割模块110。下护罩120设置在切割模块110下方的左侧，下护罩120的宽度需要满足操作者抬起割草机100时，手指不会意外伸入切割模块110。本实施例中，单个下护罩120的宽度为52mm。可以理解的是，在其他实施例中，若防护单元122的厚度减小，下护罩的宽度必须相应地增大。
这样，当成人脚从切割模块110前方或左侧平行地靠近，由于上盖30离地高度小于35mm，脚能够从上盖30下方伸入的最长距离为80mm，而切割模块110与上盖30的距离大于80mm，因此脚无法触及切割模块110。当成人脚从切割模块110左侧平行地靠近，由于下护罩120最外侧与上盖30在竖直方向上的距离为8.5mm，而成人脚的最小高度为35mm，因此脚无法伸入。在搬运机器的过程中，在左侧，手的截止面抵靠在下护罩120左侧的防护单元122上，若手指沿下护罩120的下表面向内延伸，并在下护罩120的自由端将手指向上弯曲，由于护罩宽度为52mm，手指无法触及切割模块110。在右侧，手的截止面抵靠在上盖30上，向内伸入的最大距离为80mm，而上盖30与切割模块110的距离大于80mm，因此手指无法触及切割模块110。
本发明的第六实施例中，如图4所示，割草机100的主要结构与第五实施例基本一致，区别在于，切割模块110不偏置于一侧，横向上与左右两侧上盖30的距离都小于80mm。本实施例中，只要在切割模块110下方的左右两侧分别设置下护罩120即可，下护罩120结构与第五实施例类似此处不再赘述。可以理解的是，在其他实施例中，第二刀片114与下护罩120可以一体成型。
本发明的第七实施例中，割草机100的主要结构与第四实施例基本一致，区别在于，切割模块110安装在前轮和后轮之间，上盖30离地高度小于35mm,上盖30最外侧与切割模块110的距离都大于等于80mm。这种情况下，防护装置即为上盖30，手脚从上盖 30伸入时，由于距离足够大，不会接触到切割模块110。为了防止上盖30压草，在切割模块110前方的上盖30上设置有相互平行的多个梳草件且其与前进方向平行，使草在进入割草组件切割前就通过梳草通道进行了梳理，梳理整齐后进行切割，提高割草效率。
本发明的第八实施例中，割草机100的主要结构与第三实施例基本一致，区别在于第一刀片112和第二刀片114通过偏心传动机构与传动轴连接，使传动轴的旋转运动转化为第一刀片112和第二刀片114的相对往复运动。传动轴安装偏心轮，第一刀片112和第二刀片114分别固定在偏心轮的不同位置。偏心轮转动时，第一刀片112和第二刀片114就实现相对往复运动。由于第二刀片114在工作过程中发生运动，因此护罩120与第二刀片114之间需要有一定的距离，以防下护罩120影响第二刀片114运动。
本发明的第九实施例中，割草机100的主要结构与第三实施例基本一致，区别在于切割模块还包括不被切割马达驱动的第三刀片，所述第三刀片与第一刀片112直接接触，并与上护罩130一体成型，即第三刀片130既作为定刀又作为护罩使用。本实施例中，由于上护罩130与下护罩120之间的间隔仅为第一刀片112的厚度，上护罩130和下护罩120向前延伸一定的长度即可满足安规要求。
本发明的第十实施例中，第一刀片112可以为不被切割马达驱动的定刀，第二刀片114相对与第一刀片112作往复运动。本实施例中，第一刀片112可以与上护罩130相互独立，也可以将上护罩130作为定刀使用，第二刀片114与护罩120存在一定的距离。
本发明的第十一实施例中，割草机的主要结构与第一实施例基本一致，区别在于第一刀片112与第二刀片114可以做相对于偏心传动机构旋转的往复摆动，通过第一刀片112和第二刀片114的方向相对的刀刃在运动中接触实现切割。
本发明的第十二实施例中，刀具组件的结构可与第一至第十一实施例的任意一个基本一致。刀具组件主要包括第一刀片112与下护罩120，根据实际需要，也可以包括第二刀片114，和/或上护罩130，区别在于刀具组件还包括可拆卸安装结构，使得刀具组件能够可拆卸地安装于割草机，以供用户选择安装于割草机100，使得割草机100完成在工作区域内割草或修边任务。刀具组件还可以包括驱动马达，用户驱动第一刀片112或第二刀片114。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (40)

  1. 一种割草机，包括：
    机身,以所述割草机前进方向为所述机身的纵向，以垂直于地面的方向为所述机身的竖向，以同时垂直于所述纵向和竖向的方向为所述机身的横向；
    切割马达，安装于所述机身；
    刀具组件，安装于所述机身，由所述切割马达驱动，所述刀具组件包括第一单元和第二单元，所述第一单元与所述第二单元相对往返运动以割草，所述第二单元位于所述第一单元下方；
    其特征在于，
    所述割草机还包括上部屏障，在纵向和/或横向上形成对所述刀具组件的防护；
    所述第二单元包括下护罩，所述下护罩包括多个防护单元，相邻防护单元之间形成供草漏过的间隙。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述第一单元包括第一刀片，所述第一刀片包括横向延伸的主体，所述主体向外延伸多个间隔设置的齿形刀刃。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述第一单元与所述第二单元至少部分接触。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述第二单元包括第二刀片。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述第二刀片与所述下护罩分离或一体成形。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述往返运动包括平移往复或摆动。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述下护罩的间隙小于等于8.6mm。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述防护单元的横向宽度小于等于5mm。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述下护罩与地面的距离在纵向上自内向外增大。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述下护罩与所述机身的位置相对固定。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述刀具组件朝向所述纵向上的一个方向，所述下护罩在所述方向上超出所述第一单元。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述下护罩横向宽度大于所述第一单元。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述下护罩安装于所述第一单元横向上的左侧和/或右侧。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述下护罩的横向宽度大于等于52mm。
  15. 如权利要求11所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述下护罩在所述方向上的自由端向上延伸，竖向上高于第一单元。
  16. 如权利要求11所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述下护罩与所述上部屏障在竖向上的距离小于等于8.6mm。
  17. 如权利要求1所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述上部屏障包括上盖，安装于所述机身。
  18. 如权利要求1所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述上部屏障包括上护罩，安装于所述第一单元上方，所述上护罩包括防护单元，相邻防护单元之间形成供草漏过的间隙。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述上护罩的防护单元与所述下护罩在竖向上大致重合，以使所述防护单元之间的间隙供草漏过。
  20. 如权利要求18所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述刀具组件朝向所述纵向上的一个方向，所述上护罩在所述方向上超出所述第一单元。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述上护罩与所述下护罩在所述方向上的自由端之间的距离小于等于8.6mm。
  22. 如权利要求20所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述上护罩与所述下护罩在所述方向上的自由端之间的距离大于8.6mm且小于等于12mm。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述上护罩和/或下护罩在所述方向上的自由端与所述第一刀片的距离大于等于57.9mm。
  24. 如权利要求20所述的割草机，其特征在于，所述上护罩与所述下护罩在所述方向上的自由端相互连接。
  25. 一种智能割草机，在工作区域内自主移动和工作，所述智能割草机包括：
    机身,以所述智能割草机前进方向为所述机身的纵向，以垂直于地面的方向为所述机身的竖向，以同时垂直于所述纵向和竖向的方向为所述机身的横向；
    切割马达，安装于所述机身；
    刀具组件，安装于所述机身，由所述切割马达驱动，所述刀具组件包括第一单元和第二单元，所述第一单元与所述第二单元相对往返运动以割草，所述第二单元位于所述第一单元下方；
    其特征在于，
    所述智能割草机还包括上部屏障，在纵向和/或横向上形成对所述刀具组件的防护；
    所述第二单元包括下护罩，所述下护罩包括多个防护单元，相邻防护单元之间形成供草 漏过的间隙。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的智能割草机，其特征在于，所述第一单元包括第一刀片，所述第一刀片包括横向延伸的主体，所述主体向外延伸多个间隔设置的齿形刀刃。
  27. 如权利要求25所述的智能割草机，其特征在于，所述第二单元包括第二刀片。
  28. 如权利要求27所述的智能割草机，其特征在于，所述第二刀片与所述下护罩分离或一体成形。
  29. 如权利要求25所述的智能割草机，其特征在于，所述下护罩的间隙小于等于8.6mm。
  30. 如权利要求25所述的智能割草机，其特征在于，所述防护单元的横向宽度小于等于5mm。
  31. 如权利要求25所述的智能割草机，其特征在于，所述上部屏障包括上盖，安装于所述机身。
  32. 如权利要求25所述的智能割草机，其特征在于，所述上部屏障包括上护罩，安装于所述第一单元上方，所述上护罩包括防护单元，相邻防护单元之间形成供草漏过的间隙。
  33. 一种刀具组件，可拆卸地安装于割草机，所述刀具组件包括：
    第一单元和第二单元，所述第一单元与所述第二单元相对往返运动以割草，所述第二单元位于所述第一单元下方；
    其特征在于，
    所述第二单元包括下护罩，所述下护罩包括多个防护单元，相邻防护单元之间形成供草漏过的间隙。
  34. 如权利要求33所述的刀具组件，其特征在于，所述第一单元包括第一刀片，所述第一刀片包括横向延伸的主体，所述主体向外延伸多个间隔设置的齿形刀刃。
  35. 如权利要求33所述的刀具组件，其特征在于，所述第二单元包括第二刀片。
  36. 如权利要求35所述的刀具组件，其特征在于，所述第二刀片与所述下护罩分离或一体成形。
  37. 如权利要求33所述的刀具组件，其特征在于，所述刀具组件还包括上护罩，所述上护罩包括多个防护单元，相邻防护单元之间形成供草漏过的间隙。
  38. 如权利要求37所述的刀具组件，其特征在于，所述上护罩的防护单元与所述下护罩的防护单元在竖向上大致重合，以使所述防护单元之间的间隙供草漏过。
  39. 如权利要求33所述的刀具组件，其特征在于，所述下护罩的间隙小于等于8.6mm。
  40. 如权利要求33所述的刀具组件，其特征在于，所述防护单元的横向宽度小于等于5mm。
PCT/CN2018/109092 2017-09-30 2018-09-30 割草机，智能割草机及刀具组件 WO2019063012A1 (zh)

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