WO2019062728A1 - 光伏组件的固定组件及光伏系统 - Google Patents

光伏组件的固定组件及光伏系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019062728A1
WO2019062728A1 PCT/CN2018/107433 CN2018107433W WO2019062728A1 WO 2019062728 A1 WO2019062728 A1 WO 2019062728A1 CN 2018107433 W CN2018107433 W CN 2018107433W WO 2019062728 A1 WO2019062728 A1 WO 2019062728A1
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Prior art keywords
pair
rafter
photovoltaic
fixing
main beam
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PCT/CN2018/107433
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡浩
李健民
杨凯
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江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to AU2018340470A priority Critical patent/AU2018340470A1/en
Publication of WO2019062728A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019062728A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/10—Supporting structures directly fixed to the ground
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of structural design of a photovoltaic system, in particular to a fixed component of a photovoltaic component and a photovoltaic system.
  • Photovoltaic power generation PV modules are generally fixed on the main beam with purlins.
  • the purlins are usually profiles. Usually, one PV module is fixed by two purlins. When the number of components increases, the number of purlins also doubles, which leads to the purlins. Too much number increases the load on the tracker. When one or a set of purlins needs to be installed with multiple components, the length of the purlins should be lengthened accordingly.
  • the diagonal braces are added at the lower end of the purlins.
  • the bracings are usually bolted or welded between the main girder and the purlins. Increased the difficulty and cost of installation. When installing on site, it is usually necessary to install the main beam on the column first, and then install the purlin at a high position. This installation method is difficult, and there is a certain safety hazard in the high position installation.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a fixing component and a photovoltaic system of a photovoltaic module.
  • the fixing component has a simple structure, convenient processing, high structural strength, and is easy to install.
  • a fixing assembly for a photovoltaic module comprising a top rafter and a lower rafter, the upper rafter being a long straight strip structure, the upper rafter having a cross section of an inverted string structure, the upper rafter comprising a bottom plate and a pair of side plates, the pair of side plates are symmetrically disposed on the bottom plate, and one pair of the side plates away from the bottom plate respectively extend outward to form a support plate;
  • the lower rafter is a long bend a strip structure
  • the lower rafter includes a bottom and a pair of struts, a pair of the struts are symmetrically disposed on the bottom, and an angle between the slant and the bottom is an obtuse angle, a pair of Extending outwardly from an end of the base to form a connecting portion; a pair of the connecting portions of the lower stringer are fixedly connected to a bottom plate of the upper rafter, and a bottom of the lower rafter and the
  • the cross section of the lower stringer is an inverted U-shaped structure.
  • a pair of the connecting portions of the lower stringers are fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the upper stringer by a bolting assembly, and the bolt assembly comprises a bolt and a stopping washer, and the head of the bolt is clamped in the On the rafter, the stop pad is located between the head of the bolt and the bottom plate of the upper rafter.
  • the stopping gasket has a U-shaped cross section, a bottom surface of the stopping gasket is attached to the bottom plate of the upper rafter, and a side wall of the stopping gasket and the upper rafter The side panels fit together.
  • the invention also discloses a photovoltaic system, comprising a main beam, a plurality of photovoltaic components and at least one fixing component, wherein the fixing component is a fixing component of the photovoltaic component; the photovoltaic component is fixedly disposed on the fixing component On the coffin.
  • the photovoltaic module is fixedly connected to the support plate of the upper stringer by a bolt assembly.
  • the main beam is sandwiched between the upper rafter and the bottom of the lower rafter, and the girders of the main beam, the upper rafter and the lower rafter form a triangular structure .
  • the main beam is a D-shaped pipe main beam.
  • two adjacent photovoltaic modules are fixedly connected by one of the fixing components, and an edge of the photovoltaic component is fixed on the support plate of the upper stringer.
  • the fixing component is symmetrically disposed with respect to the main beam, and one of the fixing components is connected to four of the photovoltaic components, wherein four of the photovoltaic components are symmetrically disposed with respect to the main beam, four The photovoltaic component is symmetrically disposed relative to the stationary component.
  • the photovoltaic system further comprises:
  • the column is provided with a fixing member, and the bearing seat is provided with an arc hole;
  • the fixing member is adjustably disposed at the arc hole, and the adjusting direction is along a length direction of the arc hole;
  • the driving device is fixedly disposed above the bearing housing, and the driving device is simultaneously connected to the main beam.
  • the bearing housings are used in pairs;
  • the arcuate hole has an angle adjustment range of 0-20°;
  • the column is provided with a pair of the fixing members
  • the bearing seat is provided with a pair of the arcuate holes opposite to each other
  • a pair of the fixing members are respectively disposed on a pair of the arc holes Wherein the positions of the pair of fixing members are adjusted in opposite directions;
  • the column is provided with a plurality of pairs of the fixing members
  • the bearing housing is provided with a plurality of pairs of arc-shaped holes having the same number as the fixing members, and the positions of each pair of the arc-shaped holes are opposite,
  • Each pair of the fixing members is respectively disposed at a pair of the arcuate holes, and the positions of the pair of the fixing members are adjusted in opposite directions.
  • the arcuate holes are a pair, a pair of the arcuate holes are arranged concentrically;
  • the arcuate holes are a plurality of pairs
  • a plurality of pairs of the arcuate holes are arranged concentrically.
  • the fixing assembly of the photovoltaic module of the present invention is composed of a long straight upper rafter and a bent lower rafter, and a pair of diagonal struts of the lower rafter support the two ends of the upper rafter, the structural strength is high, and the upper and lower rafters can be One molding, convenient processing and easy installation.
  • the two side plates of the upper rafter extend outward to form two support plates, respectively, which can be used to respectively support one photovoltaic module, that is, through a small amount of the invention
  • the fixed components in the middle can fix a larger number of PV modules.
  • the cross section of the upper rafter is an inverted type structure
  • the cross section of the lower rafter is an inverted U-shaped structure.
  • the locking spacers which are matched with the upper rafters in the connecting members of the upper and lower rafters can be effectively relaxed to avoid the unstable connection of the upper and lower rafters, thereby further ensuring the reliability of the joints of the upper and lower rafters.
  • the upper and lower purlins, the main beam and the photovoltaic module can be installed on the ground and then lifted to the column by the lifting device for fixing, which is different from the existing high-level installation mode of the photovoltaic system.
  • the photovoltaic system can complete most of the installation work in the low position, which reduces the installation difficulty and improves the safety of the operation.
  • the diagonal braces and the main beam in the upper and lower rafters can form a pair of triangular structures, which is stable and reliable, thereby improving the overall stability of the photovoltaic system.
  • the fixing member of the column is matched with the arc hole of the bearing seat, and the matching angle adjustment between the column and the bearing seat can be realized.
  • the connection angle between the bearing seat and the column in the arc hole can be adjusted according to the height difference of the terrain to realize the continuity of the tracking system.
  • each of the bearing seats is provided with four arcuate holes, and the arc faces of each of the arcuate holes are located on an arc of a concentric circle.
  • the oppositely arranged arc holes act at the same time when the angle is adjusted.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of a fixing assembly of a photovoltaic module of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of the fixing assembly of the photovoltaic module shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a top sill in a fixing assembly of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a lower stringer in the fixing assembly of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 5 is a front elevational view of the lower stringer shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a plan view of the junction of the upper and lower rafters in the fixing assembly of the photovoltaic module shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of the fixing assembly of the photovoltaic module shown in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of the photovoltaic system of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is an exploded view of an embodiment of a photovoltaic system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a view showing the installation relationship of Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a bearing housing
  • Figure 13 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of a curved bore
  • Figure 14 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of a post in a photovoltaic system of the present invention mated with a bearing housing and a main beam.
  • this embodiment discloses a fixing assembly for a photovoltaic module, including a top rafter 10 and a lower rafter 20.
  • the upper rafter 10 is a long straight strip structure, and the upper rafter 10 has a cross section of an inverted one-word structure.
  • the upper rafter 10 includes a bottom plate 11 and a pair of side plates 12, and a pair of side plates 12 are symmetrically disposed on the bottom plate 11. An end of the pair of side plates 12 away from the bottom plate 11 respectively extends outward to form a support plate 13.
  • the lower rafter 20 is a bent elongated structure, and the cross section of the lower rafter 20 is an inverted U-shaped structure, and the lower girders 20 includes a bottom portion 21 and a pair of diagonal braces 22, and a pair of diagonal braces 22 are symmetrically disposed at The two ends of the bottom portion 21, and the angle between the diagonal bracing 22 and the bottom portion 21 is an obtuse angle, and one end of the pair of diagonal braces 22 away from the bottom portion 21 extends outward to form a connecting portion 23; a pair of connecting portions 23 of the lower beam 20
  • the bottom plate 11 of the upper rafter 10 is fixedly coupled, and a mounting portion for mounting the main beam is formed between the bottom portion 21 of the lower rafter 20 and the upper rafter 10.
  • a pair of connecting portions 23 of the lower stringers 20 are fixedly coupled to the bottom plate 11 of the upper rafter 10 by bolting assemblies, and the bolt assembly includes bolts 31 and stop washers. 32.
  • the head of the bolt is snapped onto the upper rafter 10, and the stop washer is located between the head of the bolt 31 and the bottom plate 11 of the upper rafter 10.
  • the cross section of the retaining washer is a U-shaped structure, the bottom surface of the retaining washer 32 is fitted to the bottom plate 11 of the upper rafter 10, and the side wall of the retaining washer is attached to the side panel 12 of the upper rafter 10,
  • the setting of the moving gasket can effectively prevent the bolt assembly from being unstable, and the connection stability of the upper and lower purlins is ensured.
  • the cross section of the lower rafter may also be a rectangular structure or the lower rafter is directly bent by the straight slat-like plate; the bolt connection connecting the upper and lower rafters
  • the anti-loose gaskets in the assembly can be selectively set; the upper and lower purlins can also be fixed together by welding or by other forms of fixed joints; the specific structure of the upper and lower purlins can be adjusted according to actual needs, no longer here. Narration.
  • the invention also discloses a photovoltaic system comprising a main beam 50, a plurality of photovoltaic modules 40 and at least one fixing component, the fixing component is a fixing component of the photovoltaic component disclosed in the above specific embodiment; the photovoltaic component 40 is fixedly disposed on the fixing component In the upper raft 10, the main beam 50 is interposed between the upper rafter 10 and the bottom 21 of the lower rafter 20, and the main girders, the upper rafters 10 and the struts 22 of the lower girders 20 form a triangular structure.
  • the photovoltaic module is fixedly connected to the support plate 13 of the upper rafter 10 by a bolt assembly, and the bolt assembly includes a lock washer.
  • the lock washer can effectively prevent the connection between the photovoltaic module and the fixed component from being unstable, thereby ensuring the overall photovoltaic system. Structural stability and reliability.
  • the upper rafter and the lower rafter can be fixedly connected on the ground to form a fixed component, and then the main beam is fixed on the fixed component, and then the photovoltaic component is fixed on the fixed component, after the photovoltaic system is installed,
  • the photovoltaic system can be mounted on the column by the lifting device.
  • the photovoltaic system in this embodiment can be installed in a low position. Compared with the conventional high-level installation mode, the installation method in this embodiment is difficult and the operation safety is high.
  • the adjacent two photovoltaic modules 40 are fixedly connected by a fixing component, the edge of the photovoltaic component is fixed on the support plate 13 of the upper rafter 10, and the fixing component is symmetrically arranged with respect to the main beam 50, one fixed
  • the assembly simultaneously secures four photovoltaic modules 40, wherein four photovoltaic assemblies 40 are symmetrically disposed relative to the main beam 50, and the four photovoltaic assemblies are symmetrically disposed relative to the stationary assembly.
  • more PV modules can be fixed by a smaller number of fixed components, thereby saving the manufacturing material and manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic system, and also reducing the load and energy consumption of the tracker of the photovoltaic system.
  • the photovoltaic module can also be connected to the fixed component through other fixed connectors or by welding; the main beam and the upper and lower beams can also form a fan-like structure; the photovoltaic component is opposite to the fixed component.
  • the position can also be adjusted as needed, for example by fixing the central (non-edge) area of the photovoltaic module to the support plate of the upper stringer.
  • the main beam is a D-shaped tube main beam.
  • the photovoltaic system further includes a column, a bearing block, and a drive.
  • the column is provided with a fixing member
  • the bearing seat is provided with an arc hole.
  • the fixing member is adjustably disposed at the arc hole, and the adjusting direction is along the length direction of the arc hole; the driving device is fixedly disposed above the bearing seat, and the driving device is simultaneously connected with the main beam.
  • the number of bearing seats 70 is a pair and is disposed on both sides of the column 60.
  • a pair of bearing seats are used in combination to carry the weight of the upper driving device 80.
  • the fixing member 61 of the column 60 is inserted into the arc hole 71 of the bearing housing 70 for fitting.
  • the connection angle especially in areas where the slope of the terrain is uneven, can be adjusted according to the terrain height difference to achieve the continuity of the tracking system.
  • the driving device 80 is fixedly disposed above the bearing housing 70, and the driving device 80 is simultaneously connected to the main beam 50.
  • the drive unit 80 includes a motor and a swing structure.
  • the fixing members 61 on each side of the column 60 are two pairs, and the bearing housing 70 is provided with two pairs of arc-shaped holes 71 of the same number as the fixing members, and each pair of arc-shaped holes are opposite in position, each pair
  • the fixing member is matched with each pair of curved holes one by one, and the position of each pair of fixing members is adjusted in the opposite direction.
  • the fixing members or the arcuate holes are rotated in opposite directions, and the fixing members or the arc holes in the upper right corner and the lower left corner are opposite in the direction of rotation.
  • the two arcuate holes 71 are arranged concentrically, and the opposite arc holes are simultaneously activated when the angle is adjusted.
  • the bearing seat and the column are inclined at an angle, the two arc holes function simultaneously.
  • the matching effect is good, the connection mode is stable, and it is not easy to slip or loose.
  • the angle adjustment range that the two pairs of arcuate holes can provide is directly related to the length and diameter of the arcuate hole.
  • the angle adjustment range R of the arcuate hole is within 0-20°. . Because in the actual photovoltaic power station, 0-30° terrain fluctuation can build photovoltaic power station. If the terrain slope exceeds 30°, the engineering vehicle will not be able to travel smoothly on this terrain, which is not suitable for engineering construction.
  • only one pair of fixing members may be disposed on the column, and the bearing housing is provided with a matching pair of arc-shaped holes, and the pair of arc-shaped holes are opposite in position.
  • the bearing housing is provided with a matching pair of arc-shaped holes, and the pair of arc-shaped holes are opposite in position.
  • the upper left corner may be set.
  • a pair of curved holes in the lower right corner can also set only a pair of curved holes in the upper right corner and the lower left corner.
  • Each of the arcuate holes is engaged with a fixing member, and the pair of fixing members synchronously adjust the connection angle with the arcuate holes. And the position adjustment direction of the pair of fixing members is opposite, that is, the rotation direction is opposite.
  • three or more pairs of fixing members may be disposed on the column, and the plurality of pairs of fixing members are disposed in concentric circles.
  • the bearing housing is provided with matching three pairs or more pairs of arc-shaped holes, and the pairs of arc-shaped holes are arranged in concentric circles, and each pair of arc-shaped holes is opposite in position.
  • Each of the arc holes is matched with a fixing member, and the plurality of pairs of the fixing members synchronously adjust the connection angle with the arc holes.
  • the position adjustment direction of the pair of fixing members is opposite, that is, the rotation direction is opposite.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种光伏组件的固定组件及光伏系统，光伏组件的固定组件，包括上檩条和下檩条，上檩条为长直条形结构，横截面为一倒立的几字结构，上檩条包括底板和一对侧板，一对侧板对称设置在底板上，一对侧板远离底板的一端分别向外延伸形成一支撑板；下檩条为折弯的长条形结构，下檩条包括底部和一对斜撑，一对斜撑对称设置在底部上，且斜撑与底部之间的夹角为钝角，一对斜撑远离底部的一端向外延伸形成连接部；下檩条中的一对连接部与上檩条的底板固定连接，下檩条中的底部与上檩条之间形成用于安装主梁的安装部。本发明的固定组件结构简单，加工方便，结构强度高，稳定性好，且容易安装。

Description

光伏组件的固定组件及光伏系统 技术领域
本发明涉及光伏系统的结构设计技术领域，尤指一种光伏组件的固定组件及光伏系统。
背景技术
光伏发电中光伏组件一般用檩条固定在主梁上，檩条通常为型材，通常是一个光伏组件采用两根檩条固定，当组件增多时，檩条的数量也成双倍的数量增长，这导致檩条的数量过多，加大了跟踪器的载荷。当一根或一组檩条需要安装多个组件时，檩条的长度也要相应的加长，通常是在檩条的下端增加斜撑，斜撑与主梁、檩条之间通常采用螺栓连接或者焊接，这样增加了安装的难度和成本。现场安装时，通常需要先将主梁安装在立柱上后，高位安装檩条，这种安装方式难度较大，高位安装也存在一定的安全隐患。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种光伏组件的固定组件及光伏系统，固定组件结构简单，加工方便，结构强度高，且容易安装。
本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一种光伏组件的固定组件，包括上檩条和下檩条，所述上檩条为一长直条形结构，所述上檩条的横截面为一倒立的几字结构，所述上檩条包括一底板和一对侧板，所述一对侧板对称设置在所述底板上，一对所述侧板远离所述底板的一端分别向外延伸形成一支撑板；所述下檩条为一折弯的长条形结构，所述下檩条包括底部和一对斜撑，一对所述斜撑对称设置在所述底部上，且所述斜撑与所述底部之间的夹角为钝角，一对所述斜撑远离所述底部的一端向外延伸 形成连接部；所述下檩条中的一对所述连接部与所述上檩条的底板固定连接，所述下檩条中的底部与所述上檩条之间形成用于安装主梁的安装部。
优选地，所述下檩条的横截面为一倒立的U型结构。
优选地，所述下檩条中的一对连接部通过螺栓连接组件与所述上檩条的底板固定连接，且所述螺栓组件包括螺栓和止动垫片，所述螺栓的头部卡设在所述上檩条上，所述止动垫片位于所述螺栓的头部和所述上檩条的底板之间。
优选地，所述止动垫片的横截面为一U型结构，所述止动垫片的底面与所述上檩条的底板贴合，所述止动垫片的侧壁与所述上檩条的侧板贴合。
本发明还公开了一种光伏系统，包括主梁、多个光伏组件及至少一个固定组件，所述固定组件为上述光伏组件的固定组件；所述光伏组件固定设置在所述固定组件中的上檩条上。
优选地，所述光伏组件通过螺栓组件与所述上檩条的支撑板固定连接。
优选地，所述主梁夹设在所述上檩条和所述下檩条的底部之间的安装部处，且所述主梁、所述上檩条和所述下檩条的斜撑形成一个三角形结构。
优选地，所述主梁为D型管主梁。
优选地，相邻两个所述光伏组件之间通过一个所述固定组件固定连接，所述光伏组件的边缘固定在所述上檩条的支撑板上。
优选地，所述固定组件相对于所述主梁对称设置，一个所述固定组件与四个所述光伏组件连接，其中，四个所述光伏组件相对于所述主梁对称设置，四个所述光伏组件相对于所述固定组件对称设置。
优选地，所述的光伏系统还包括：
立柱、轴承座和驱动装置；
所述立柱上设有固定件，所述轴承座上设有弧形孔；
所述固定件可调节地设于所述弧形孔处，且调节方向沿着所述弧形孔的长度方向；
所述驱动装置固定设置于所述轴承座的上方，且所述驱动装置同时与主梁连接。
优选地，所述轴承座成对使用；
优选地，所述弧形孔的角度调节范围为0-20°；
优选地，所述立柱上设有一对所述固定件，所述轴承座上设有位置相对的一对所述弧形孔，且一对所述固定件分别设于一对所述弧形孔处，一对所述固定件的位置调节方向相反；
优选地，所述立柱上设有多对所述固定件，所述轴承座上设有与所述固定件的数目相同的多对弧形孔，且每对所述弧形孔的位置相对，每对所述固定件分别设于一对所述弧形孔处，一对所述固定件的位置调节方向相反。
优选地，当所述弧形孔为一对时，一对所述弧形孔成同心圆设置；
优选地，当所述弧形孔为多对时，多对所述弧形孔成同心圆设置。
本发明提供的一种光伏组件的固定组件及光伏系统能够带来以下至少一种有益效果：
1、本发明的光伏组件的固定组件通过一个长直上檩条和一折弯下檩条共同组成，下檩条中的一对斜撑支撑上檩条的两端，其结构强度高，并且，上下檩条均可以一次成型，加工方便，容易安装，另外，上檩条中两个侧板向外延伸分别形成两个支撑板，两个支撑板可以用于分别支撑一个光伏组件，也就是说，通过少量的本发明中的固定组件就可以固定较多数量的光伏组件。
2、本发明中，上檩条的横截面为倒几型结构，下檩条的横截面为倒U型结构，二者通过螺栓组件连接时，可以保证其结构稳固，连接件可以有效固定上下檩条。
3、本发明中，在上下檩条的连接件中设置与上檩条适配的止动垫片可以有效放松，避免上下檩条连接不稳定，从而进一步保证上下檩条的连接处的可靠性。
4、本发明的光伏系统在安装时，上下檩条、主梁及光伏组件可以在地面完成安装后再通过提升装置将其整体提升到立柱上进行固定，区别于现有的光伏系统的高位安装方式，本光伏系统可以在低位完成大部分的安装工作，降低了安装难度，提升了作业安全性。
5、本发明中，上檩条、下檩条中的斜撑和主梁可形成一对三角形结构，这种结构稳定可靠，从而提升了光伏系统的整体稳定性。
6、本发明中，立柱的固定件与轴承座的弧形孔配合，能够实现立柱与轴承座的配合角度调整。例如在地形坡度起伏不平的地区，可依据地形高差调节轴承座与立柱在弧形孔的连接角度，实现跟踪系统的连续性。优选地，每个轴承座上设有四个弧形孔，每个弧形孔的弧面都位于一个同心圆的弧线上。相对设置的弧形孔在角度调节时，同时起作用，如此轴承座与立柱以一定角度倾斜安装时，同时起作用的两个弧形孔配合效果较好，连接方式稳定，不易滑落或者松动。
附图说明
下面将以明确易懂的方式，结合附图说明优选实施方式，对本发明的上述特性、技术特征、优点及其实现方式予以进一步说明。
图1是本发明的一种光伏组件的固定组件的一种具体实施例的结构示意图；
图2是图1中所示的光伏组件的固定组件的A-A剖视图；
图3是图1中所示的光伏组件的固定组件中上檩条的结构示意图；
图4是图1中所示的光伏组件的固定组件中下檩条的结构示意图；
图5是图4中所示的下檩条的主视图；
图6是图1中所示的光伏组件的固定组件中上檩条和下檩条的连接处的俯视图；
图7是图6中所示的光伏组件的固定组件的B-B剖视图；
图8是本发明的光伏系统的一种具体实施例的结构示意图；
图9是本发明的光伏系统中立柱与轴承座相配合的一种实施例的爆炸图；
图10是图9的安装关系图；
图11是图10的局部放大图；
图12是轴承座的一种实施例的示意图；
图13是弧形孔的一种实施例的示意图；
图14是本发明光伏系统中立柱与轴承座、主梁配合的一种实施例的示意图。
附图标号说明：
上檩条10，底板11，侧板12，支撑板13，下檩条20，底部21，斜撑22，连接部23，螺栓31，止动垫片32，光伏组件40，主梁50；
立柱60，固定件61，轴承座70，弧形孔71，驱动装置80。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图，并获得其他的实施方式。为使图面简洁，各图中的只示意性地表示出了与本发明相关的部分，它们并不代表其作为产品的实际结构。
如图1至6所示，本具体实施例公开了一种光伏组件的固定组件，包括上檩条10和下檩条20。上檩条10为一长直条形结构，上檩条10的横截面为一倒立的几字结构，上檩条10包括一底板11和一对侧板12，一对侧板12对称设置在底板11上，一对侧板12远离底板11的一端分别向外延伸形成一支撑板13。下檩条20 为一折弯的长条形结构，且下檩条20的横截面为一倒立的U型结构，下檩条20包括一底部21和一对斜撑22，一对斜撑22对称设置在底部21的两端，且斜撑22与底部21之间的夹角为钝角，一对斜撑22远离底部21的一端向外延伸形成连接部23；下檩条20中的一对连接部23与上檩条10的底板11固定连接，下檩条20中的底部21与上檩条10之间形成用于安装主梁的安装部。
如图6和图7所示，在本具体实施例中，下檩条20中的一对连接部23通过螺栓连接组件与上檩条10的底板11固定连接，螺栓组件包括螺栓31和止动垫片32，螺栓的头部卡设在上檩条10上，止动垫片位于螺栓31的头部和上檩条10的底板11之间。止动垫片的横截面为一U型结构，止动垫片32的底面与上檩条10的底板11贴合，止动垫片的侧壁与上檩条10的侧板12贴合，该止动垫片的设置可以有效避免该螺栓组件连接不稳，保障了上下檩条的连接稳定性。
当然了，在本发明的光伏组件的固定组件的其他具体实施例中，下檩条的横截面还可以为矩形结构或者下檩条直接由一直条片状板折弯而成；连接上下檩条的螺栓连接组件中的防松垫片可以选择性设置；上下檩条还可以通过焊接或者通过其他形式的固定连接件固定在一起；上檩条和下檩条的具体结构均可以根据实际需要进行调整，此处不再赘述。
本发明还公开了一种光伏系统，包括主梁50、多个光伏组件40及至少一个固定组件，固定组件为上述具体实施例中公开的光伏组件的固定组件；光伏组件40固定设置在固定组件中的上檩条10上，主梁50夹设在上檩条10和下檩条20的底部21之间的安装部处，且主梁、上檩条10和下檩条20的斜撑22形成一个三角形结构。光伏组件通过螺栓组件与上檩条10的支撑板13固定连接，且螺栓组件中包括防松垫片，通过防松垫片可以有效避免光伏组件和固定组件的连接不稳定，从而保证了光伏系统整体结构的稳固性和可靠性。
在安装光伏系统时，可以先在地面上将上檩条和下檩条固定连接形成固定 组件，再将主梁固定在固定组件上，然后将光伏组件固定在固定组件上，将光伏系统安装完毕后，通过提升装置将光伏系统固定在立柱上，本具体实施例中的光伏系统可以在低位进行安装，相比于传统的高位安装方式，本实施例中的安装方式难度低，且作业安全性高。
如图8所示，相邻两个光伏组件40之间通过一个固定组件固定连接，光伏组件的边缘固定在上檩条10的支撑板13上，并且固定组件相对于主梁50对称设置，一个固定组件同时固定四个光伏组件40，其中，四个光伏组件40相对于主梁50对称设置，四个光伏组件相对于固定组件对称设置。这样设置时，通过较少数量的固定组件就可以固定较多光伏组件，从而节约了光伏系统的制作材料和制作成本，还可以减小光伏系统的跟踪器的载荷和能耗。
当然了，在其他具体实施例中，光伏组件还可以通过其他的固定连接件与固定组件连接或者通过焊接连接；主梁和上下檩条还可以形成类似于扇形的结构；光伏组件与固定组件的相对位置也可以根据需要进行调整，例如将光伏组件的中部(非边缘)区域固定在上檩条的支撑板上。
在本发明光伏系统的另一个实施例中，主梁为D型管主梁。
在本发明光伏系统的另一个实施例中，光伏系统还包括立柱、轴承座和驱动装置。立柱上设有固定件，轴承座上设有弧形孔。固定件可调节地设于弧形孔处，且调节方向沿着弧形孔的长度方向；驱动装置固定设置于轴承座的上方，且驱动装置同时与主梁连接。
参照图9-14所示的实施例，轴承座70的数目为一对，且分设于立柱60的两侧，一对轴承座配合使用，承载上方驱动装置80的重量。立柱60的固定件61插入轴承座70的弧形孔71中进行配合，当需要调整配合角度时，由于弧形孔的长度和角度尺寸为固定件留了调整空间，从而可易于调整二者的连接角度，尤其是在地形坡度起伏不平的地区，可依据地形高差调节，实现跟踪系统的连续性。驱动装置80固定设置于轴承座70的上方，且驱动装置80同时与主梁50连接。其 中，驱动装置80包括电机和回转结构。
在上述实施例中，立柱60每侧的固定件61为两对，轴承座70上设有与固定件的数目相同的两对弧形孔71，且每对弧形孔的位置相对，每对固定件与每对弧形孔一一匹配，且每对固定件的位置调节方向相反。例如，图11中左上角和右下角的固定件或弧形孔在调节时的转动方向相反，右上角和左下角的固定件或弧形孔在调节时的转动方向相反。优选地，两队弧形孔71成同心圆设置，相对设置的弧形孔在角度调节时，同时起作用，如此轴承座与立柱以一定角度倾斜安装时，同时起作用的两个弧形孔配合效果较好，连接方式稳定，不易滑落或者松动。
在上述实施例中，两对弧形孔可提供的角度调节范围与弧形孔的长度和直径直接相关，优选地，参照图13，弧形孔的角度调节范围R在0-20°之内。因为在实际光伏电站中，0-30°的地形起伏可建设光伏电站，若地形坡度超过30°，工程车将无法在此地形顺利行进，不适合进行工程建设。
在其他实施例中，立柱上还可以只设置一对固定件，轴承座上设有匹配的一对弧形孔，该一对弧形孔的位置相对，参考图11，可以仅设置左上角和右下角的一对弧形孔，也可以仅设置右上角和左下角的一对弧形孔。每个弧形孔均与一个固定件配合，一对固定件同步调节与弧形孔的连接角度。且一对固定件的位置调节方向相反，即转动方向相反。
在其他实施例中，立柱上还可以设置三对或更多对固定件，且多对固定件成同心圆设置。轴承座上设有匹配的三对或更多对弧形孔，且多对弧形孔成同心圆设置，每对弧形孔位置相对。每个弧形孔均与一个固定件配合，多对固定件同步调节与弧形孔的连接角度。且一对固定件的位置调节方向相反，即转动方向相反。
应当说明的是，上述实施例均可根据需要自由组合。以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离 本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种光伏组件的固定组件，其特征在于，包括上檩条和下檩条；
    所述上檩条为一长直条形结构，所述上檩条的横截面为一倒立的几字结构，所述上檩条包括一底板和一对侧板，所述一对侧板对称设置在所述底板上，一对所述侧板远离所述底板的一端分别向外延伸形成一支撑板；
    所述下檩条为一折弯的长条形结构，所述下檩条包括底部和一对斜撑，一对所述斜撑对称设置在所述底部上，且所述斜撑与所述底部之间的夹角为钝角，一对所述斜撑远离所述底部的一端向外延伸形成连接部；
    所述下檩条中的一对所述连接部与所述上檩条的底板固定连接，所述下檩条中的底部与所述上檩条之间形成用于安装主梁的安装部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件的固定组件，其特征在于：
    所述下檩条中的一对连接部通过螺栓连接组件与所述上檩条的底板固定连接，且所述螺栓组件包括螺栓和止动垫片，所述螺栓的头部卡设在所述上檩条上，所述止动垫片位于所述螺栓的头部和所述上檩条的底板之间。
  3. 根据权利要求3所述的光伏组件的固定组件，其特征在于：
    所述止动垫片的横截面为一U型结构，所述止动垫片的底面与所述上檩条的底板贴合，所述止动垫片的侧壁与所述上檩条的侧板贴合。
  4. 一种光伏系统，包括主梁、多个光伏组件及至少一个固定组件，其特征在于：
    所述固定组件为如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的光伏组件的固定组件；
    所述光伏组件固定设置在所述固定组件中的上檩条上。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的光伏系统，其特征在于：
    所述光伏组件通过螺栓组件与所述上檩条的支撑板固定连接；
    和/或，
    所述主梁夹设在所述上檩条和所述下檩条的底部之间的安装部处，且所述主梁、所述上檩条和所述下檩条的斜撑形成一个三角形结构；
    和/或，
    所述主梁为D型管主梁。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的光伏系统，其特征在于：
    相邻两个所述光伏组件之间通过一个所述固定组件固定连接，所述光伏组件的边缘固定在所述上檩条的支撑板上。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的光伏系统，其特征在于：
    所述固定组件相对于所述主梁对称设置，一个所述固定组件与四个所述光伏组件连接，其中，四个所述光伏组件相对于所述主梁对称设置，四个所述光伏组件相对于所述固定组件对称设置。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的光伏系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    立柱、轴承座和驱动装置；
    所述立柱上设有固定件，所述轴承座上设有弧形孔；
    所述固定件可调节地设于所述弧形孔处，且调节方向沿着所述弧形孔的长度方向；
    所述驱动装置固定设置于所述轴承座的上方，且所述驱动装置同时与主梁连接。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的光伏系统，其特征在于：
    所述轴承座成对使用；
    和/或，
    所述弧形孔的角度调节范围为0-20°；
    和/或，
    所述立柱上设有一对所述固定件，所述轴承座上设有位置相对的一对所述弧形孔，且一对所述固定件分别设于一对所述弧形孔处，一对所述固定件的位置调节方向相反；
    或，
    所述立柱上设有多对所述固定件，所述轴承座上设有与所述固定件的数目相同的多对弧形孔，且每对所述弧形孔的位置相对，每对所述固定件分别设于一对所述弧形孔处，一对所述固定件的位置调节方向相反。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的光伏系统，其特征在于：
    当所述弧形孔为一对时，一对所述弧形孔成同心圆设置；
    或，
    当所述弧形孔为多对时，多对所述弧形孔成同心圆设置。
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