WO2019061803A1 - 一种船舶电力系统 - Google Patents
一种船舶电力系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019061803A1 WO2019061803A1 PCT/CN2017/114135 CN2017114135W WO2019061803A1 WO 2019061803 A1 WO2019061803 A1 WO 2019061803A1 CN 2017114135 W CN2017114135 W CN 2017114135W WO 2019061803 A1 WO2019061803 A1 WO 2019061803A1
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- lithium battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
- B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
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- the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of electronic circuit technologies, and in particular, to a ship power system.
- the ship As a kind of water transportation or operation vehicle, the ship has different technical performance, equipment and structural forms according to different use requirements. With the development of power electronics, electric-powered ships have become the main means of transportation and operations. In the course of transportation or operation, the ship needs different power supply according to the current working conditions.
- the power supply of existing ships mainly includes steam engines, diesel generators, gas engines, and nuclear power plants.
- the transportation type of the ship mainly uses the diesel generator as the power supply, and the power of the selected diesel generator on the ship is determined according to the demand of the power supply of the power grid, that is, the calculation of the generator according to the working condition of the maximum power supply amount. power.
- the required power is small, which makes the generator set need to operate in a low-load state for a long time. In some special cases, emergency power is required. If the generator is damaged or the oil is insufficient, it will endanger the safety of personnel or goods.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a ship power system capable of solving the prior art. Intraoperative ships using high-power generator sets have increased their costs, resulting in damage to the ship's mechanical structure and technical problems that endanger personnel and property.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a marine power system including an uninterruptible power supply device and an electric propeller, the power system including: a generator set, a lithium battery pack, a power distribution board, a battery management module, and a power conversion Module
- An input end of the power distribution board is connected to an output end of the power generator set, and an output end is connected to an input end of the power conversion module, configured to distribute power output by the power generator set, and input the power conversion module ;
- the first output end of the power conversion module is connected to the electric propeller, and the second output end is connected to the lithium battery pack, and is used for converting and inputting electric energy input by the power distribution board;
- the signal collecting end of the battery management module is connected to the power output end of the lithium battery pack, and the first control end is connected to the control end of the power distribution board for collecting power information of the lithium battery pack, and When the power of the lithium battery pack is lower than a preset value, controlling the power distribution board to allocate a charging signal to the lithium battery pack through the power conversion module;
- the first output end of the lithium battery pack is connected to the uninterruptible power supply device for supplying power to the uninterruptible power supply device.
- the ship further includes an emergency lighting device, and the system further includes: an emergency controller;
- a first control end of the lithium battery pack is connected to the emergency controller, and a second output end is connected to the power input end of the emergency lighting device, and configured to send an emergency control signal sent by the emergency controller to The emergency lighting device provides electrical energy.
- the power distribution board includes a power management module
- the signal acquisition end of the power management module is connected and outputted to the power output end of the generator set
- the end is connected to the input end of the battery management module, and the input end is connected to the output end of the battery management module, for collecting the output power of the generator set, and collecting the lithium battery pack by the battery management module.
- the second control end of the battery management module is connected to the second control end of the lithium battery pack, and is configured to control the power distribution board to pass the power source when the power of the lithium battery pack is lower than a preset value.
- the conversion module performs power replenishment to the lithium battery pack, and controls the lithium battery pack to supply power to the electric propeller through the power conversion module when the current total utility power of the ship exceeds a preset threshold. To compensate for grid capacity;
- An input end of the power conversion module is further connected to a third output end of the lithium battery pack for receiving power input by the power distribution board and the lithium battery pack, and converted into the electric propeller required Electrical energy.
- the power conversion module includes a frequency converter and a transformer.
- the generator is a diesel generator.
- the lithium battery pack includes a plurality of single lithium batteries.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a ship power system, which is applied to a ship, the ship includes an uninterruptible power supply device and an electric propeller, and the corresponding ship power system includes a generator set, a lithium battery pack, a power distribution board, and a battery management module.
- the power conversion module through the generator set as the main power source, the lithium battery pack as the auxiliary power source, the lithium battery pack is used to provide power for the ship uninterruptible power supply device, and when the battery management module detects that the lithium battery pack is insufficient
- the motor unit supplies power to the ship's uninterruptible power supply equipment, and has the technical effect of stable and continuous power supply, further reducing the operating cost of the ship.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a ship power system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a ship power system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a ship power system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the marine power system provided by this embodiment can be applied to an application scenario of a ship having an uninterruptible power supply device.
- 1 is a schematic structural view of a ship power system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the ship has an uninterruptible power supply device 70 and an electric propeller 60 .
- the ship power system 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a generator set 10 , a lithium battery pack 50 , a power distribution board 20 , and a battery management module . 40. And a power conversion module 30.
- the input end of the power distribution board 20 is connected to the output end of the genset 10, and the output of the power distribution board 20 The end is connected to the input end of the power conversion module 30 for distributing the electric energy output by the genset 10, and is input to the power conversion module 30; the first output end of the power conversion module 30 is connected to the electric propeller 60, and the power conversion module 30 is The second output end is connected to the lithium battery pack 50 for converting and inputting the electric energy input by the switchboard 20; the signal collecting end of the battery management module 40 is connected to the power output end of the lithium battery pack 50, and the battery management module 40 is A control terminal is connected to the control end of the power distribution board 20 for collecting power of the lithium battery pack 50, and when the power of the lithium battery pack is lower than a preset value, the control power distribution board 20 is controlled by the power conversion module 30.
- the lithium battery pack 50 distributes a charging signal; the first output of the lithium battery pack 50 is coupled to the uninterruptible power supply device 70 for providing electrical energy to the uninterrupt
- a ship that is transported and operated using an electric propulsion system can drive the ship's electric propeller for ship propulsion.
- ships also have other equipment that needs to be powered, such as equipment related to ship navigation safety, lighting equipment, and communication systems. Since the ship power supply of the existing electric propulsion system mainly supplies power to the generator, when the water in the engine room or the generator is damaged, the ship will be operated, and at this time, the emergency lighting and the communication system on the ship cannot be supplied with power. As a result, the safety of the people and goods that are put on the threat will be threatened, resulting in significant losses.
- the ship power system 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the generator set 10 as the main power source and the lithium battery pack 50 as the auxiliary power source.
- the power output from the genset 10 is distributed through the power distribution board 20, and after the power conversion is performed by the power conversion module 30, power is supplied to the corresponding power supply equipment in the ship, so that the power supply equipment can be powered on. Since the uninterruptible power supply device 70 on the ship needs continuous and stable power supply, the lithium battery pack 50 is used to supply power to the uninterruptible power supply device 70 of the ship, and the battery management module 40 detects the power of the lithium battery pack 50 in the lithium battery pack.
- the power distribution board 20 When the power of 50 is insufficient, the power distribution board 20 is sent a redistribution control signal to the power output of the genset 10, so that the power distribution board 20 controls the power conversion module 30 to perform corresponding conversion on the power output of the genset 10. Thereafter, the lithium battery pack 50 is separately provided with charging electrical energy, and the electric propeller 60 is supplied with operating electrical energy to power the electric propeller 60 to operate.
- the ship power system uses the generator set as the main power source, the lithium battery pack as the auxiliary power source, uses the lithium battery pack to provide power for the ship uninterruptible power supply device, and detects the lithium battery pack in the battery management module.
- the control panel distributes the electric energy generated by the generator set to charge the lithium battery pack, thereby providing continuous and stable power to the uninterruptible power supply equipment of the ship, thereby reducing the operating cost of the ship.
- the embodiment is optimized on the basis of the above embodiment, and the preferred ship on the basis of the above embodiment further includes an emergency lighting device, and the power supply of the emergency lighting device is a lithium battery pack.
- 2 is a schematic structural view of a ship power system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the ship has an electric propeller 60, an uninterruptible power supply device 70, and an emergency lighting device 80.
- the ship power system 100 includes: a generator set 10, a lithium battery pack 50, a power distribution board 20, and battery management. Module 40, power conversion module 30, and emergency controller 90.
- the first control end of the lithium battery pack 50 is connected to the emergency controller 90, and the second output end of the lithium battery pack 50 is connected to the power input end of the emergency lighting device 80 for emergency control signals according to the emergency controller 90. Providing electrical energy to the emergency lighting device 80.
- the ship may be faulty.
- the power supply for the normal power supply of the ship may be faulty or the power must be disconnected, so that the normal lighting is to the west, to ensure personnel and The security of the property requires the input of emergency lighting.
- the marine power system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a ship having an uninterruptible power supply device 70, an emergency lighting device 80, and an electric propeller 60.
- the emergency controller 90 on the ship power system 100 detects the operating condition of the normal lighting device on the ship, and when it suddenly loses power, sends an emergency control signal to the lithium battery pack 50, so that the lithium battery pack 50 is directed Emergency lighting device 80 provides electrical energy to ensure the safety of personnel and property on the ship.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a ship power system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the power distribution board 20 of the marine power system 100 includes a power management module 21.
- the signal acquisition end of the power management module 21 is connected to the power output end of the genset 10, the output end of the power management module 21 is connected to the input end of the battery management module 40, and the output of the power management module 21 and the output of the battery management module 40 are provided.
- the end connection is used for collecting the output power of the genset 10, and collecting the electric quantity information of the lithium battery pack 50 through the battery management module 40, and determining the current current state of the ship according to the actual use power of the electric propeller 60 in the current working mode of the ship.
- the total power of the whole ship is applied to the battery management module 40; the second control end of the battery management module 40 is connected to the second control end of the lithium battery pack 50, when the power of the lithium battery pack 50 is lower than a preset value.
- the control switchboard 20 performs power replenishment to the lithium battery pack 50 through the power conversion module 30, and controls the lithium battery pack 50 to pass through the power conversion module 30 to the electric propeller 60 when the current total utility power of the ship exceeds a preset threshold. Power is supplied to compensate for grid capacity; the input of the power conversion module 30 is also connected to the third output of the lithium battery pack 50 for receiving power distribution Power input 50 and the lithium battery 20, and convert the electrical energy required to power the pusher 60.
- the power management of the ship's power generation, distribution, and power loads is critical. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively manage the power generation system, the power distribution system and the electric energy of the ship to ensure that the ship has sufficient available power.
- it has different working conditions, which can be divided into typical working conditions (such as free start, stop, reverse, etc.), special working conditions (such as propeller blocked, water, falling off, etc.), and fault conditions. (eg generator single-phase ground fault, three-phase short-circuit fault, etc.).
- typical working conditions such as free start, stop, reverse, etc.
- special working conditions such as propeller blocked, water, falling off, etc.
- fault conditions eg generator single-phase ground fault, three-phase short-circuit fault, etc.
- the ship’s demand for the grid is not with.
- the ship power system 100 can use the generator set 10 to meet the operation of a typical working condition of the ship, thereby serving as a main power source during the operation of the ship.
- a power management module 21 is disposed in the power distribution board 20 to detect the power outputted by the genset 10 on the ship, and collect the power information of the lithium battery pack 50 through the battery management module 40, and detect the current state of the ship in real time.
- the actual power of the electric propeller 60 in the operating mode is used to determine the current total utility power of the ship, and the total utility power of the ship is input into the battery management module 40 for determination.
- a discharge control signal is issued to the lithium battery pack 50.
- the electric propeller 60 is input, thereby compensating for the grid capacity of the genset 10 that is insufficient to meet the current operating conditions of the ship.
- the preset value may be, for example, the maximum power value that the genset 10 can output.
- the power conversion module 30 includes a frequency converter and a transformer.
- the frequency converter is mainly composed of rectification, filtering, inverter, braking unit, driving unit, detection unit micro-processing unit, etc., which can change the frequency of output power of the generator set 10 to meet the requirements of different power supply devices for different frequency power sources. Therefore, the purpose of energy saving and speed regulation can be achieved.
- the frequency converter has protection functions such as overcurrent, overvoltage, and overload protection.
- the transformer is mainly composed of a primary coil, a secondary coil and an iron core (magnetic core), which can perform voltage conversion, current conversion, impedance transformation, isolation, voltage regulation, etc., and the principle is to change the voltage of the power source by using electromagnetic induction to meet the ship.
- the power supply voltage requirements of different power supply equipment are mainly composed of a primary coil, a secondary coil and an iron core (magnetic core), which can perform voltage conversion, current conversion, impedance transformation, isolation, voltage regulation, etc.
- the genset 10 is a diesel generator set.
- Diesel generators have the advantages of high power and good economic performance. They use diesel as fuel, which has the advantages of high viscosity, low evaporation, and low auto-ignition temperature. Therefore, the application of diesel generators as the main power source on ships can reduce the operating cost of ships.
- the lithium battery pack 50 includes a plurality of individual lithium batteries.
- Lithium batteries are widely used because of their high energy, high storage energy density, long service life, high rated voltage, and high temperature and low temperature adaptability.
- the lithium battery pack 50 is used to compensate the grid capacity, which can ensure the demand for electricity under different operating conditions of the ship, and its high cycle performance, further saving the operating cost of the ship.
- the ship power system detects the working condition of the normal lighting equipment in the ship by setting an emergency controller, and controls the lithium battery group to send an electric signal to the cathode lighting device when the normal lighting device is suddenly powered off, so as to make an emergency
- the lighting equipment can be started in time to ensure the safety of personnel and property on the ship, thereby reducing the operating cost of the ship.
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Abstract
一种船舶电力系统，应用于船舶，该船舶包括不间断供电设备（70）和电力推进器（60），该船舶电力系统包括发电机组（10）、锂电池组（50）、配电板（20）、电池管理模块（40）、以及电源转换模块（30），通过以发电机组（10）作为主要的电力源，锂电池组（50）作为辅助电力源，采用锂电池组（50）为船舶不间断供电设备（70）提供电能，并在电池管理模块（40）检测到锂电池组（50）电量不足时，控制配电板（20）分配发电机组（10）产生的电能为锂电池组（50）充电。该船舶电力系统，能够为船舶上不间断供电设备提供持续、稳定的电能，从而降低了船舶的运行成本。
Description
本实用新型实施例涉及电子电路技术领域，尤其涉及一种船舶电力系统。
船舶作为一种水上运输或作业的交通工具，其按不同的使用需求而具有不同的技术性能、装备和结构形式。随着电力电子的发展，电能驱动的船舶成为当前运输与作业的主要交通工具。而船舶在运输或作业过程中根据当前所处工况的不同，而需要不同的供电量。
现有船舶的供电源主要有蒸汽机、柴油发电机、燃气机、以及核动力装置等。当前，运输类的船舶主要以柴油发电机作为供电源，而船舶上所选择柴油发电机的功率根据其电网对电量的需求量来确定，即根据最大供电量的工况计算所述发电机的功率。但在正常航行的工况下，所需电量较小，这就使得发电机组需长期运行于低负荷的状态。且在某些特殊情况下需要应急电源，若此时发电机损坏或油量不足，将会危害人员或货物的安全。
因此，现有技术中采用大功率发电机组不仅增加船舶中所使用发电机组及其辅助设备的成本，并且会造成船舶机械结构的损害。此外，对于某些特殊情况将威胁人员或货物的安全。
实用新型内容
有鉴于此，本实用新型实施例提供了一种船舶电力系统，能够解决现有技
术中船舶采用大功率发电机组致使其成本提高，致使船舶机械结构易受损害，以及危害人员和财物安全的技术问题。
本实用新型实施例提供了一种船舶电力系统，所述船舶包括不间断供电设备和电力推进器，所述动力系统包括：发电机组、锂电池组、配电板、电池管理模块、以及电源转换模块；
所述配电板的输入端与所述发电机组的输出端连接、以及输出端与所述电源转换模块的输入端连接，用于分配所述发电机组输出的电能，并输入所述电源转换模块；
所述电源转换模块的第一输出端与所述电力推进器连接、以及第二输出端与所述锂电池组连接，用于对所述配电板输入的电能进行转换后输出；
所述电池管理模块的信号采集端与所述锂电池组的电能输出端连接、以及第一控制端与所述配电板的控制端连接，用于采集所述锂电池组的电能信息，并在所述锂电池组的电量低于预设值时，控制所述配电板通过所述电源转换模块向所述锂电池组分配充电信号；
所述锂电池组的第一输出端与所述不间断供电设备连接，用于为所述不间断供电设备提供电能。
可选的，所述船舶还包括应急照明设备，所述系统还包括：应急控制器；
所述锂电池组的第一控制端与所述应急控制器连接、以及第二输出端与所述应急照明设备的电能输入端连接，用于根据所述应急控制器发出的应急控制信号，向所述应急照明设备提供电能。
可选的，所述配电板包括功率管理模块；
所述功率管理模块的信号采集端与所述发电机组的功率输出端连接、输出
端与所述电池管理模块的输入端连接、以及输入端与所述电池管理模块的输出端连接，用于采集所述发电机组的输出功率，以及通过所述电池管理模块采集所述锂电池组的电量信息，并根据所述船舶的当前工况模式下所述电力推进器的实际使用功率，确定所述船舶当前的全船实用总功率，并输入所述电池管理模块；
所述电池管理模块的第二控制端与所述锂电池组的第二控制端连接，用于在所述锂电池组的电量低于预设值时，控制所述配电板通过所述电源转换模块向所述锂电池组进行电量补充，并在所述船舶当前的全船实用总功率超出预设阈值时，控制所述锂电池组通过所述电源转换模块向所述电力推进器供电，以进行电网容量的补偿；
所述电源转换模块的输入端还与所述锂电池组的第三输出端连接，用于接收所述配电板和所述锂电池组输入的电能，并转换为所述电力推进器所需电能。
可选的，所述电源转换模块包括变频器和变压器。
可选的，所述发电机为柴油发电机。
可选的，所述锂电池组包括多个单个锂电池。
本实用新型实施例提供了一种船舶电力系统，应用于船舶，该船舶包括不间断供电设备和电力推进器，相应的该船舶电力系统包括发电机组、锂电池组、配电板、电池管理模块、以及电源转换模块，通过以发电机组作为主要的动力源，锂电池组作为辅助动力源，采用锂电池组为船舶不间断供电设备提供电能，并在电池管理模块检测到锂电池组电量不足时，控制配电板分配发电机组产生的电能为锂电池组充电的技术手段，解决了现有技术中，采用主动力源为船舶不间断供电设备持续供电，致使船舶运行成本增加的技术问题，相对于采用发
电机组为船舶不间断供电设备进行供电，能够具有稳定、持续供电的技术效果，进一步降低了船舶的运行成本。
图1是本实用新型实施例一提供的一种船舶电力系统的结构示意图；
图2是本实用新型实施例提供的一种船舶电力系统的结构示意图；
图3是本实用新型实施例提供的一种船舶电力系统的结构示意图。
下面结合附图和实施例对本实用新型作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本实用新型，而非对本实用新型的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本实用新型相关的部分而非全部结构。在不冲突的情况下，本实用新型实施例以及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
实施例一
本实施例提供的船舶电力系统可以适用于具有不间断供电设备的船舶的应用场景。图1是本实用新型实施例一提供的一种船舶电力系统的结构示意图。如图1所示，船舶上具有不间断供电设备70和电力推进器60，本实用新型实施例提供的船舶电力系统100包括：发电机组10、锂电池组50、配电板20、电池管理模块40、以及电源转换模块30。
其中，配电板20的输入端与发电机组10的输出端连接，配电板20的输出
端与电源转换模块30的输入端连接，用于分配发电机组10输出的电能，并输入电源转换模块30；电源转换模块30的第一输出端与电力推进器60连接，电源转换模块30的第二输出端与锂电池组50连接，用于对配电板20输入的电能进行转换后输出；电池管理模块40的信号采集端与锂电池组50的电能输出端连接，电池管理模块40的第一控制端与配电板20的控制端连接，用于采集锂电池组50的电能，并在所述锂电池组的电量低于预设值时，控制配电板20通过电源转换模块30向锂电池组50分配充电信号；锂电池组50的第一输出端与不间断供电设备70连接，用于为不间断供电设备70提供电能。
示例性的，采用电力推进系统进行运输和作业的船舶，其电动机能够带动船舶的电力推进器进行船舶推进。而船舶中除电力推进器外，还具有其它需供电的设备，例如与船舶航行安全相关的设备、照明设备、以及通讯系统等。由于现有电力推进系统的船舶供电源主要为发电机供电，而在机舱进水或发电机损坏时，将导致船舶运行，此时，也无法为船舶上的应急照明、以及通讯系统进行供电，由此，将会威胁穿上的人员和货物的安全，从而造成重大损失。
如图1所示，本实用新型实施例提供的船舶电力系统100，以发电机组10为主动力源，锂电池组50为辅助动力源。通过配电板20分配发电机组10输出的电能，并采用电源转换模块30进行电信号的转换后，为船舶中相应的供电设备提供电能，以使各供电设备能够上电工作。由于船舶上的不间断供电设备70需要持续稳定的供电，因而采用锂电池组50为船舶的不间断供电设备70提供电能，并通过电池管理模块40检测锂电池组50的电量，在锂电池组50的电量不足时，向配电板20发出对发电机组10输出的电能进行重新分配控制信号，以使配电板20控制电源转换模块30对发电机组10输出的电能进行相应的转换
后，分别为锂电池组50提供充电电能，以及为电力推进器60提供运行的电能，以使电力推进器60上电工作。
本实用新型实施例提供的船舶电力系统以发电机组作为主要的动力源，锂电池组作为辅助动力源，采用锂电池组为船舶不间断供电设备提供电能，并在电池管理模块检测到锂电池组电量不足时，控制配电板分配发电机组产生的电能为锂电池组充电，从而能够为船舶的不间断供电设备提供持续、稳定的电能，进而降低船舶的运行成本。
实施例二
本实施例在上述实施例的基础上进行了优化，提供了优选的在上述实施例的基础上船舶还包括应急照明设备，该应急照明设备的供电源为锂电池组。图2是本实用新型实施例提供的一种船舶电力系统的结构示意图。如图2所示，船舶具有电力推进器60、不间断供电设备70、以及应急照明设备80，相应的，船舶电力系统100包括：发电机组10、锂电池组50、配电板20、电池管理模块40、电源转换模块30、以及应急控制器90。其中，锂电池组50的第一控制端与应急控制器90连接，锂电池组50的第二输出端与应急照明设备80的电能输入端连接，用于根据应急控制器90发出的应急控制信号，向应急照明设备80提供电能。
示例性的，在船舶运行过程中，由于运行环境或操作不当，可能引起船舶发生故障，此时，为船舶正常供电的电源产生故障或必须断开电源，使得正常照明西面，为保证人员及财产的安全，需要投入应急照明。如图2所示，本实用新型实施例提供的船舶电力系统，应用于具有不间断供电设备70、应急照明设备80、以及电力推进器60的船舶上。在船舶正常照明供电电源产生故障或
必须切断时，此时，船舶电力系统100上的应急控制器90检测船舶上正常照明设备的运行状况，在其突然断电时，向锂电池组50发出应急控制信号，使得锂电池组50向应急照明设备80提供电能，从而保证船舶上人员及财产的安全。
可选的，图3是本实用新型实施例提供的一种船舶电力系统的结构示意图。如图3所示，该船舶电力系统100的配电板20包括功率管理模块21。其中，功率管理模块21的信号采集端与发电机组10的功率输出端连接，功率管理模块21的输出端与电池管理模块40的输入端连接，功率管理模块21输入端与电池管理模块40的输出端连接，用于采集发电机组10的输出功率，以及通过电池管理模块40采集锂电池组50的电量信息，并根据船舶的当前工况模式下电力推进器60的实际使用功率，确定船舶当前的全船实用总功率，并输入电池管理模块40；电池管理模块40的第二控制端与锂电池组50的第二控制端连接，用于在锂电池组50的电量低于预设值时，控制配电板20通过电源转换模块30向锂电池组50进行电量补充，并在船舶当前的全船实用总功率超出预设阈值时，控制锂电池组50通过电源转换模块30向电力推进器60供电，以进行电网容量的补偿；电源转换模块30的输入端还与锂电池组50的第三输出端连接，用于接收配电板20和锂电池组50输入的电能，并转换为电力推进器60所需电能。
示例性的，随着船舶用电负载功率的增加，船舶的发电、配电和用电负载的电能管理至关重要。因而，需要对船舶的发电系统、配电系统和用电负载的电能进行有效管理，以保证船舶具有足够的可用功率。而在船舶运行过程中，其具有不同的工况，可以分为典型工况(例如自由起航、停车、倒航等)，特殊工况(例如螺旋桨受阻、出水、脱落等)，以及故障工况(例如发电机单相接地故障、三相短路故障等)。而对于不同运行工况，船舶对电网的需求量不
同。对于采用发电机组作为主动力源的船舶，为适应船舶不同的运行工况，则需要采用较大功率的发电机组。这将使得船舶的成本增加，且较大功率的发电机组占用空间大，同时会对典型工况下运行船舶的部分机械结构造成一定的损害。
如图3所示，本实用新型实施例提供的船舶电力系统100，采用的发电机组10能够满足船舶典型工况的运行，从而在船舶运行过程中作为主要的动力源。并在配电板20中设置有功率管理模块21，以对船舶上的发电机组10输出的功率进行检测，以及通过电池管理模块40对锂电池组50的电量信息进行采集，并实时检测船舶当前运行工况模式下电力推进器60的实际使用功率，以确定船舶当前的全船实用总功率，并将该全船实用总功率输入电池管理模块40中进行判断。当电池管理模块40检测到该全船实用总功率大于预设阈值时，向锂电池组50发出放电的控制信号。以使锂电池组50开始放电，并经电源转换模块30进行转换后，输入电力推进器60，从而补偿发电机组10不足以满足船舶当前运行工况的电网容量。其中，预设值例如可以为发电机组10所能输出的最大功率值。
可选的，电源转换模块30包括变频器和变压器。其中，变频器主要由整流、滤波、逆变、制动单元、驱动单元、检测单元微处理单元等组成，其通过改变发电机组10输出电能的频率，以满足各供电设备对不同频率电源的需求，从而能够达到节能和调速的目的，另外，变频器具有保护功能，如过流、过压、过载保护等。变压器主要由初级线圈、次级线圈和铁芯(磁芯)组成，其能够进行电压变换、电流变换、阻抗变换、隔离、稳压等，其原理为利用电磁感应改变电源的电压，从而满足船舶不同供电设备对电源电压需求。
可选的，发电机组10为柴油发电机组。柴油发电机具有功率大、经济性能好等优点，其采用柴油作为燃料，该燃料具有粘度大、不易蒸发、自燃温度低等优点。因而在船舶上应用柴油发电机为主要动力源，能够降低船舶的运行成本。
可选的，锂电池组50包括多个单个锂电池。锂电池的能量比较高，具有高储存能量密度，且具有使用寿命长、额定电压高、高低温适应性强等特点，而被广泛应用。在船舶电力系统中采用锂电池组50进行电网容量的补偿，能够保证船舶不同运行工况下对电量的需求，且其的高循环性能，进一步节省的船舶的运行成本。
本实用新型实施例提供的船舶电力系统通过设置应急控制器检测船舶中正常照明设备的工作情况，并在正常照明设备突然断电时，控制锂电池组向阴极照明设备发出电信号，以使应急照明设备能够及时启动，从而保证船舶上人员和财产的安全，进而降低船舶的运行成本。
注意，上述仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例及所运用技术原理。本领域技术人员会理解，本实用新型不限于这里所述的特定实施例，对本领域技术人员来说能够进行各种明显的变化、重新调整和替代而不会脱离本实用新型的保护范围。因此，虽然通过以上实施例对本实用新型进行了较为详细的说明，但是本实用新型不仅仅限于以上实施例，在不脱离本实用新型构思的情况下，还可以包括更多其他等效实施例，而本实用新型的范围由所附的权利要求范围决定。
Claims (6)
- 一种船舶电力系统，其特征在于，所述船舶包括不间断供电设备和电力推进器，所述动力系统包括：发电机组、锂电池组、配电板、电池管理模块、以及电源转换模块；所述配电板的输入端与所述发电机组的输出端连接、以及输出端与所述电源转换模块的输入端连接，用于分配所述发电机组输出的电能，并输入所述电源转换模块；所述电源转换模块的第一输出端与所述电力推进器连接、以及第二输出端与所述锂电池组连接，用于对所述配电板输入的电能进行转换后输出；所述电池管理模块的信号采集端与所述锂电池组的电能输出端连接、以及第一控制端与所述配电板的控制端连接，用于采集所述锂电池组的电能信息，并在所述锂电池组的电量低于预设值时，控制所述配电板通过所述电源转换模块向所述锂电池组分配充电信号；所述锂电池组的第一输出端与所述不间断供电设备连接，用于为所述不间断供电设备提供电能。
- 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述船舶还包括应急照明设备，所述系统还包括：应急控制器；所述锂电池组的第一控制端与所述应急控制器连接、以及第二输出端与所述应急照明设备的电能输入端连接，用于根据所述应急控制器发出的应急控制信号，向所述应急照明设备提供电能。
- 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述配电板包括功率管理模块；所述功率管理模块的信号采集端与所述发电机组的功率输出端连接、输出 端与所述电池管理模块的输入端连接、以及输入端与所述电池管理模块的输出端连接，用于采集所述发电机组的输出功率，以及通过所述电池管理模块采集所述锂电池组的电量信息，并根据所述船舶的当前工况模式下所述电力推进器的实际使用功率，确定所述船舶当前的全船实用总功率，并输入所述电池管理模块；所述电池管理模块的第二控制端与所述锂电池组的第二控制端连接，用于在所述锂电池组的电量低于预设值时，控制所述配电板通过所述电源转换模块向所述锂电池组进行电量补充，并在所述船舶当前的全船实用总功率超出预设阈值时，控制所述锂电池组通过所述电源转换模块向所述电力推进器供电，以进行电网容量的补偿；所述电源转换模块的输入端还与所述锂电池组的第三输出端连接，用于接收所述配电板和所述锂电池组输入的电能，并转换为所述电力推进器所需电能。
- 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述电源转换模块包括变频器和变压器。
- 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述发电机为柴油发电机。
- 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述锂电池组包括多个单个锂电池。
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