WO2019056985A1 - 导光板、背光模组及显示装置 - Google Patents

导光板、背光模组及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019056985A1
WO2019056985A1 PCT/CN2018/105671 CN2018105671W WO2019056985A1 WO 2019056985 A1 WO2019056985 A1 WO 2019056985A1 CN 2018105671 W CN2018105671 W CN 2018105671W WO 2019056985 A1 WO2019056985 A1 WO 2019056985A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
guide plate
light guide
backlight module
blind hole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/105671
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
齐永莲
董学
王慧娟
杨泽洲
赵合彬
曲连杰
刘帅
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方显示技术有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方显示技术有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US16/332,263 priority Critical patent/US11320574B2/en
Publication of WO2019056985A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019056985A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0003—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being doped with fluorescent agents
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0051—Diffusing sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
    • G02B6/0068—Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
    • G02B6/0073—Light emitting diode [LED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133614—Illuminating devices using photoluminescence, e.g. phosphors illuminated by UV or blue light

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular to a light guide plate, a backlight module, and a display device.
  • TFT-LCD Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display
  • the production cost of liquid crystal displays is decreasing and the manufacturing process is becoming more and more perfect.
  • TFT-LCD has replaced the cathode ray tube display as the mainstream in the field of flat panel display.
  • Technology has become the ideal display device for consumers.
  • the backlight of the liquid crystal display in the related art cannot achieve a high color gamut well.
  • a light guide plate is provided, the first surface of the light guide plate is provided with a plurality of blind holes, the blind holes are filled with a light conversion unit, and the light conversion unit comprises a light-transmitting material A cavity and a light converting material located in the receiving cavity, a gap exists between an outer wall of the receiving cavity and an inner wall of the blind hole.
  • the light conversion material comprises at least one of a quantum dot material and a fluorescent material.
  • the blind hole has a diameter of 100 um to 1000 um, the blind hole has a depth of 100 um to 1000 um, and the receiving cavity has a diameter of less than 100 um.
  • the light transmissive material is glass or a transparent resin.
  • a plurality of diffusion mesh points are disposed on the light incident surface of the light guide plate, and the diffusion mesh points reflect and diffuse light emitted from the light guide plate to the light incident surface.
  • the shape of the blind hole is a cylindrical shape or a truncated cone shape.
  • the medium filled at the gap has a refractive index that is less than a refractive index of the light converting material.
  • the medium at the gap is air.
  • the outer wall of the receiving cavity is an inclined surface.
  • the first surface is a light emitting surface of the light guide plate or a light incident surface.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a backlight module, including the light guide plate as described above, further comprising a light source disposed on a side of the light incident surface of the light guide plate, wherein the light source excites the light conversion The material glows.
  • the light source comprises an array of LEDs, each LED of the array of LEDs corresponding to at least one of the light conversion units.
  • the LED array is disposed on a transparent substrate, and a side of the transparent substrate facing away from the LED array is further provided with a light reflecting layer.
  • it also includes:
  • the backlight module further includes at least one of a scattering film and a brightness enhancement film.
  • the scattering film and the brightness enhancement film are respectively located on a side of the light-shielding metal pattern facing away from the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate.
  • each of the LED arrays is a blue LED.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device, including the backlight module as described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a backlight module according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a backlight module according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a blind hole and a receiving cavity disposed on a light guide plate in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the liquid crystal display of the related art generally realizes a dynamically adjustable backlight by using a direct type backlight, partitions a plurality of LEDs included in the direct type backlight, and controls switching of the LEDs in a sub-area, thereby realizing a dynamically adjustable backlight.
  • the direct type backlight in the related art does not achieve a high color gamut.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to the direct-type backlight in the related art, which cannot achieve the problem of high color gamut, and provide a light guide plate, a backlight module, and a display device, which can realize high color gamut and dynamic adjustment of the display device. Backlighting.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light guide plate. As shown in FIG. 1 , a plurality of blind holes 6 are defined in a surface of the light guide plate 5 , and the blind holes 6 are filled with a light conversion unit, and the light conversion is performed.
  • the unit comprises a receiving cavity 12 composed of a light transmissive material and a light converting material 8 located within the receiving cavity 12.
  • a plurality of blind holes 6 are formed in the surface of the light guide plate 5.
  • the blind holes 6 are filled with a light conversion unit.
  • the light conversion unit includes a receiving cavity 12 made of a light transmissive material and is located in the receiving cavity 12.
  • the light conversion material 8 can emit the light conversion material 8 to emit light when the light source of the backlight module emits light, and the light emitted by the light conversion material 8 is used as a light source, and the backlight module can be realized compared with directly using the LED as a light source. High color gamut.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light guide plate. As shown in FIG. 2, there is no gap between the light conversion unit and the blind hole 6.
  • the light transmissive material is made of glass, since the refractive indices of the light guide plate 5 and the glass are similar or even substantially equal, the light emitted by the light conversion unit cannot be totally reflected in the light guide plate 5, and the light emitted by the light conversion unit is directly from the light guide plate. 5 out of the light, resulting in a small angle of light, it is difficult to achieve uniform light, and the luminous efficiency of the backlight module will be reduced, and the light incident on the left and right sides of the backlight module will be directly emitted from both sides to the surrounding environment, resulting in light leakage. . As shown in FIG.
  • the present embodiment there is a gap between the outer wall 121 of the accommodating cavity 12 and the inner wall 61 of the blind hole 6 , so that an air interface can be formed between the light conversion material 8 and the light guide plate 5 . And satisfying the condition that the light emitted from the light conversion material 8 is totally reflected, so that the light emitted from the light conversion material 8 can be totally reflected at the interface between the gap and the outer wall 121 of the accommodating cavity, so that the light of the light conversion material 8 is emitted.
  • a plurality of total reflections occur at the above interface, thereby expanding the light exiting angle, and finally exiting from the light guide plate 5, achieving uniformity of light emission, improving the utilization of light of the light conversion material 8, and achieving uniform light emission.
  • the interface between the gap and the outer wall 121 of the accommodating cavity is disposed at a predetermined angle with respect to the bottom surface of the light guide plate, that is, the outer wall 121 of the accommodating cavity is disposed as an inclined surface, by the arrangement of the inclined surface,
  • the angle of the light can be enlarged, thereby achieving uniformity of light emission, and avoiding the uneven light emission caused by the direct emission of the prior art light without direct reflection at a small angle. The problem.
  • the surface of the light guide plate 5 may be a light exit surface or a light incident surface of the light guide plate 5.
  • 1 shows a plurality of blind holes 6 on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate 5.
  • FIG. 3 shows a plurality of blind holes 6 on the light-incident surface of the light guide plate 5.
  • a suitable surface can be selected according to the actual situation.
  • the light converting material 8 comprises at least one of a quantum dot material and a fluorescent material.
  • the light converting material 8 may also be other materials capable of emitting light under excitation of light.
  • a plurality of blind holes 6 are arranged in the array on the surface of the light guide plate, the blind holes 6 may have a diameter of 100 um to 1000 um, and the blind holes 6 may have a depth of 100 um to 1000 um, and the receiving cavity
  • the diameter of 12 needs to be smaller than the diameter of the blind hole 6, and therefore, the diameter of the receiving cavity 12 is less than 100 um.
  • the luminous efficiency of the light-converting material 8 can be made relatively high.
  • the number of blind holes 6 can be set as needed. The more the number of blind holes 6, the more light-converting materials are filled, the higher the brightness of the backlight module can be, but the manufacturing cost of the backlight module is also increased. . In practical applications, the number of blind holes 6 can be reasonably set according to actual needs.
  • FIG. 4 shows a plan view in which a blind hole is provided on the light guide plate 5 and a receiving cavity.
  • the shape of the blind hole 6 is cylindrical, and the shape of the receiving cavity is set to a large and small circular table shape.
  • the inclined surface of the outer wall of the receiving cavity is realized by the arrangement of the truncated cone type.
  • the blind hole 6 can also be in the shape of a truncated cone.
  • the light transmissive material for accommodating the cavity 12 may be made of glass or a transparent resin.
  • the light transmissive material for accommodating the cavity 12 is not limited to glass or transparent resin, and may be other. Colorless light-transmitting material.
  • the light-guiding plate 5 is disposed on the light-incident surface opposite to the light-emitting surface, and a plurality of diffusion mesh points 7 are disposed.
  • the diffusion mesh dots 7 can emit light from the light guide plate 5 to the light-incident surface. The reflection is performed so that the light is mainly emitted from the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate to improve the utilization efficiency of the light.
  • the diffusion dot can realize the diffusion function of light, which is beneficial to achieve uniform light emission.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a backlight module.
  • the light guide plate 5 includes a plurality of blind holes 6 on the surface of the light guide plate 5 , and the blind holes 6 are filled with light conversion.
  • the unit, the light conversion unit includes a receiving cavity 12 composed of a light transmissive material and a light converting material 8 located within the receiving cavity 12.
  • the backlight module further includes a light source disposed on a side of the light guide plate 5 opposite to the surface of the light incident surface, and the light source excites the light conversion material 8 to emit light.
  • a plurality of blind holes 6 are formed in the surface of the light guide plate 5.
  • the blind holes 6 are filled with a light conversion unit.
  • the light conversion unit includes a receiving cavity 12 made of a light transmissive material and is located in the receiving cavity 12 .
  • Light conversion material 8 inside. In this way, when the light source of the backlight module emits light, the light conversion material 8 can be excited to emit light, thereby realizing a high color gamut of the backlight module; and the light conversion material 8 is directly packaged on the light guide plate 5 to save the film material.
  • the light-thinning of the backlight module is facilitated; further, there is a gap between the outer wall of the receiving cavity 12 and the inner wall of the blind hole 6, and an air interface can be formed between the light-converting material 8 and the light guide plate 5 to satisfy the light-converting material.
  • 8 is a condition in which the emitted light is totally reflected, so that the light emitted from the light converting material 8 can be totally reflected at the interface between the gap and the outer wall 121 of the receiving cavity, so that the light emitted by the light converting material 8 is at the above interface A plurality of total reflections occur, thereby expanding the light exiting angle, increasing the utilization of the light of the light converting material 8, and achieving uniform light emission.
  • the light converting material 8 comprises a quantum dot material and a fluorescent material.
  • the light converting material 8 may also be other materials capable of emitting light under excitation of light.
  • the gap between the outer wall 121 of the receiving cavity 12 and the inner wall 61 of the blind hole 6 may be filled with other media, such as a gaseous medium or a liquid medium, the refraction of the medium
  • the rate is smaller than the refractive index of the light converting material to satisfy the total reflection of light emitted from the light converting material 8 at the gap.
  • the outer wall 121 of the accommodating cavity 12 is an inclined surface, so that the light emitted by the light conversion material 8 is emitted at a large angle after multiple times of total reflection at the gap, and the uniformity of the emitted light can be mentioned, and the accommodation can be avoided.
  • the side of the cavity leaks light. Wherein, the greater the inclination angle of the outer wall 121 of the accommodating cavity 12 with respect to the inner wall 61 of the blind hole 6, the better the effect of shimming.
  • An energy level transition occurs after the light source is incident on the quantum dot material, and light having a wavelength greater than the wavelength of the light source can be emitted.
  • the light source is blue light, and after passing through the quantum dot material, the blue light may radiate red light and green light, and form white light with the partially directly emitted blue light.
  • a plurality of blind holes 6 are arranged in the array on the surface of the light guide plate, the blind holes 6 may have a diameter of 100 um to 1000 um, and the blind holes 6 may have a depth of 100 um to 1000 um, and the diameter of the receiving cavity 12 It is required to be smaller than the diameter of the blind hole 6, and therefore, the diameter of the accommodating cavity 12 is less than 100 um.
  • the luminous efficiency of the light-converting material 8 can be made relatively high.
  • the number of blind holes 6 can be set as needed. The more the number of blind holes 6, the more light-converting materials are filled, the higher the brightness of the backlight module can be, but the manufacturing cost of the backlight module is also increased. . In practical applications, the number of blind holes 6 can be reasonably set according to actual needs.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the blind hole 6 may be a cylindrical shape or a truncated cone shape.
  • the light transmissive material for accommodating the cavity 12 may be made of glass or a transparent resin.
  • the light transmissive material for accommodating the cavity 12 is not limited to glass or transparent resin, and may be other. Colorless light-transmitting material.
  • the light guide plate 5 is provided with a plurality of diffusion mesh points 7 on the light incident surface opposite to the surface, and the diffusion mesh dots 7 can emit light from the light guide plate 5 to the light incident surface.
  • the reflection is performed so that the light is mainly emitted from the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate to improve the utilization efficiency of the light.
  • the diffusion dot can realize the diffusion function of light, which is beneficial to achieve uniform light emission.
  • the light source comprises an LED array 3 disposed on a transparent substrate 2, each LED of the LED array 3 corresponding to at least one of the light conversion units, and the light source passes through the encapsulant 4 and the guide
  • the light panels 5 are packaged together. It can be seen that in the backlight module of the embodiment, the LEDs are directly distributed, and different LEDs can be separately controlled, thereby realizing dynamic adjustable backlight.
  • each LED is a blue LED.
  • the LED array 3 is disposed on a transparent substrate 2 , and a side of the transparent substrate 2 facing away from the LED array 3 is further provided with a light reflecting layer 1 .
  • the light reflecting layer 1 can reflect the light emitted from the light incident surface of the light guide plate 5, so that the light is emitted from the surface, thereby improving the utilization of the light.
  • a light-shielding metal pattern 9 shielding the light-converting unit is further disposed on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate 5, so that the position of the light-converting material 8 is corresponding.
  • the illuminating intensity at the position is the same as the illuminating intensity at the position where the light converting material 8 is not disposed, so as to avoid local bright spots at the corresponding positions of the light converting material 8, and to ensure the uniformity of the emitted light.
  • the backlight module further includes:
  • the LED array 3 is first formed on the transparent substrate 2, and the LED array 3 and its traces are packaged on the transparent substrate 2; then the laser perforation is performed on the light guide plate 5, and the holes are formed.
  • the blind hole 6 is not transparent, the blind hole 6 has a diameter of 100 um to 1 mm, and the blind hole 6 has a depth of 100 um to 1 mm.
  • the diameter and depth of the blind hole 6 can be made by the light conversion efficiency and concentration of the light conversion material 8 in the ink. And the light efficiency and other decisions.
  • the blind hole 6 has a cylindrical shape in cross section.
  • the light conversion material 8 is mixed in a small small glass cavity having a diameter of less than 100 um, and the micro glass cavity is packaged.
  • the cavity can be made of other transparent resin materials, as long as light conversion can be realized.
  • the material 8 can be packaged separately, and the micro glass cavity can be cylindrical or truncated.
  • the microcavity encapsulating the light conversion material 8 is filled into the blind hole 6 on the light guide plate 5, and an air interface is formed between the micro cavity and the blind hole 6, thereby satisfying the total reflection condition of the light guide plate 5, and finally achieving The light is evenly emitted. Then, the light-shielding metal pattern 9, the scattering film 10, and the brightness enhancement film 11 can be sequentially formed on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate 5, thereby completing the preparation of the backlight module.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display device including the backlight module as described above.
  • the display device may be any product or component having a display function, such as a liquid crystal television, a liquid crystal display, a digital photo frame, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or the like.
  • the display device also includes a flexible circuit board, a printed circuit board, and a backplane.
  • the liquid crystal display is a thin film transistor liquid crystal display.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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Abstract

一种导光板(5)、背光模组及显示装置。其中，导光板(5)的表面上开设有多个盲孔(6)，盲孔(6)内填充有光转换单元，光转换单元包括由透光材料构成的容纳腔体(12)和位于容纳腔体(12)内的光转换材料(8)，容纳腔体(12)的外壁(121)与盲孔(6)的内壁(61)之间存在间隙。

Description

导光板、背光模组及显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2017年9月19日在中国提交的中国专利申请No.201721199932.9的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，特别是指一种导光板、背光模组及显示装置。
背景技术
随着TFT-LCD(薄膜晶体管液晶显示器)技术的发展和工业技术的进步，液晶显示器的生产成本日益降低、制造工艺的日益完善，TFT-LCD已经取代了阴极射线管显示器成为平板显示领域的主流技术，成为消费者心中理想的显示器件。但是，相关技术中的液晶显示器的背光源不能较好地实现高色域。
发明内容
第一方面，提供一种导光板，所述导光板的第一表面上开设有多个盲孔，所述盲孔内填充有光转换单元，所述光转换单元包括由透光材料构成的容纳腔体和位于所述容纳腔体内的光转换材料，所述容纳腔体的外壁与所述盲孔的内壁之间存在间隙。
可选地，所述光转换材料包括量子点材料和荧光材料中的至少一种。
可选地，所述盲孔的直径为100um～1000um，所述盲孔的深度为100um～1000um；所述容纳腔体的直径小于100um。
可选地，所述透光材料为玻璃或透明树脂。
可选地，所述导光板的入光面上设置有多个扩散网点，所述扩散网点对从导光板出射至入光面的光线进行反射和扩散。
可选地，所述盲孔的形状是圆柱形或圆台形。
可选地，所述间隙处填充的介质的折射率小于光转换材料的折射率。
可选地，所述间隙处的介质为空气。
可选地，所述容纳腔体的外壁为倾斜面。
可选地，所述第一表面为所述导光板的出光面、或入光面。
第二方面，本公开实施例还提供了一种背光模组，包括如上所述的导光板，还包括设置在所述导光板的入光面一侧的光源，所述光源激发所述光转换材料发光。
可选地，所述光源包括LED阵列，所述LED阵列中的每一LED对应至少一所述光转换单元。
可选地，所述LED阵列设置在透明基底上，所述透明基底背向所述LED阵列的一侧还设置有光反射层。
可选地，还包括：
位于所述导光板第一表面上的遮光金属图形，其中所述遮光金属图形在所述第一表面上的正投影与所述光转换单元在所述第一表面上的正投影重叠可选地，所述背光模组还包括散射膜和增亮膜中的至少一个，
其中所述散射膜和所述增亮膜分别位于所述遮光金属图形背向所述导光板的出光面一侧。
可选地，所述LED阵列中的每一LED为蓝色LED。
第三方面，本公开实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括如上所述的背光模组。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或相关技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本公开至少一个实施例的背光模组的结构示意图；
图2为本公开至少一个实施例的背光模组的结构示意图；
图3为本公开至少一个实施例的背光模组的结构示意图。
图4为本公开至少一个实施例的在导光板上设置盲孔以及容纳腔体的俯视图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的实施例要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。
相关技术中的液晶显示器一般通过使用直下式背光源来实现动态可调背光，对直下式背光源包括的多个LED进行分区，并且分区域控制LED的开关，从而实现动态可调背光。但相关技术中的直下式背光源并不能很好的实现高色域。
本公开的实施例针对相关技术中直下式背光源并不能很好的实现高色域的问题，提供一种导光板、背光模组及显示装置，能够实现显示装置的高色域和动态可调背光。
本公开至少一个实施例提供一种导光板，如图1所示，所述导光板5的表面上开设有多个盲孔6，所述盲孔6内填充有光转换单元，所述光转换单元包括由透光材料构成的容纳腔体12和位于所述容纳腔体12内的光转换材料8。
本实施例在导光板5的表面上开设有多个盲孔6，盲孔6内填充有光转换单元，光转换单元包括由透光材料构成的容纳腔体12和位于容纳腔体12内的光转换材料8，这样在背光模组的光源进行发光时，能够激发光转换材料8进行发光，由光转换材料8发出的光线作为光源，与直接利用LED作为光源相比，能够实现背光模组的高色域。
本公开至少一个实施例提供了一种导光板，如图2所示，光转换单元与盲孔6之间没有间隙。在透光材料采用玻璃制作时，由于导光板5和玻璃的折射率相近、甚至基本相等，光转换单元发出的光线在导光板5内不能发生全反射，光转换单元发出的光直接从导光板5中出射，导致出光角度较小，难以实现光线均匀出光，并且背光模组的发光效率会下降，并且入射至背光模组左右两侧面的光会直接从两侧边射出至周围环境，导致漏光。如图1所 示，本实施例中，所述容纳腔体12的外壁121与所述盲孔6的内壁61之间存在间隙，这样能够在光转换材料8和导光板5之间形成空气界面，满足光转换材料8发出的光线进行全反射的条件，使得光转换材料8发出的光线能够在在间隙和容纳腔体的外壁121之间的界面发生全反射，使得光转换材料8发出的光线在上述界面处发生多次全反射，从而扩大光线的出光角度，最终从导光板5出射，实现出光均匀性，提高光转换材料8的光线的利用率，并实现光线的均匀出射。
优选的，上述间隙和容纳腔体的外壁121之间的界面设置为相对于导光板的底面倾斜预定角度的斜面，亦即将容纳腔体的外壁121设置为倾斜面，通过上述倾斜面的设置，在光转换材料8发出的光线发生多次全反射时，能够扩大光线的角度，从而实现出光的均匀性，避免了现有技术光线不发生全反射，直接以较小角度出射导致的出光不均匀的问题。
所述导光板5的表面可以是导光板5的出光面或入光面。图1示出了导光板5的出光面上开设有多个盲孔6，图3示出了导光板5的入光面上开设有多个盲孔6。在实施中，可根据实际情况选择合适的表面。在一些可选的实施例中，所述光转换材料8包括量子点材料和荧光材料中的至少一种。可选地，光转换材料8还可以采用其他能够在光线激发下发光的材料。
进一步地，在导光板的表面上阵列排布有多个盲孔6，所述盲孔6的直径可以为100um～1000um，所述盲孔6的深度可以为100um～1000um，所述容纳腔体12的直径需要小于盲孔6的直径，因此，容纳腔体12的直径小于100um。在采用上述参数时，能够使得光转换材料8的发光效率比较高。盲孔6的个数可以根据需要设置，盲孔6的个数越多，填充的光转换材料越多，背光模组所能提供的亮度越高，但同时也会增加背光模组的制作成本。在实际应用中，可以根据实际需求合理设置盲孔6的个数。
可选地，图4示出了在导光板5上设置盲孔以及容纳腔体的俯视图。如图4所示，盲孔6的形状为圆柱形，容纳腔体的形状为上大下小的圆台型设置，通过圆台型的设置方式，实现了容纳腔体外壁的倾斜面设置。除此之外，盲孔6还可以为圆台形。
在一些可选的实施例中，制作容纳腔体12的透光材料可以采用玻璃或透明树脂，当然，制作容纳腔体12的透光材料并不局限于采用玻璃或透明树脂，还可以为其他无色透光材料。
进一步地，如图1所示，所述导光板5与所述出光面相背的入光面上设置有多个扩散网点7，扩散网点7可以对从导光板5出射至入光面上的光线进行反射，以使光线主要从导光板的出光面射出，以提高光的利用效率。此外，扩散网点可实现光线的扩散功能，有利于实现光线的均匀出射。
本公开实施例还提供了一种背光模组，如图1所示，包括导光板5，所述导光板5的表面上开设有多个盲孔6，所述盲孔6内填充有光转换单元，所述光转换单元包括由透光材料构成的容纳腔体12和位于所述容纳腔体12内的光转换材料8。背光模组还包括设置在所述导光板5与所述表面相背的入光面一侧的光源，所述光源激发所述光转换材料8发光。
本实施例中，在导光板5的表面上开设有多个盲孔6，盲孔6内填充有光转换单元，光转换单元包括由透光材料构成的容纳腔体12和位于容纳腔体12内的光转换材料8。这样，在背光模组的光源进行发光时，能够激发光转换材料8进行发光，从而实现背光模组的高色域；并且在导光板5上直接进行光转换材料8的封装，节省膜材，有助于实现背光模组的轻薄化；进一步，容纳腔体12的外壁与盲孔6的内壁之间存在间隙，能够在光转换材料8和导光板5之间形成空气界面，满足光转换材料8发出的光线进行全反射的条件，这样光转换材料8发出的光线能够在在间隙和容纳腔体的外壁121之间的界面上发生全反射，使得光转换材料8发出的光线在上述界面处发生多次全反射，从而扩大光线的出光角度，提高光转换材料8的光线的利用率，并实现光线的均匀出射。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述光转换材料8包括量子点材料和荧光材料。可选地，光转换材料8还可以采用其他能够在光线激发下发光的材料。
在一些可选的实施例中，除空气间隙外，容纳腔体12的外壁121与盲孔6的内壁61之间的间隙可填充其他介质，例如：气体介质或液体介质，所述介质的折射率小于光转换材料的折射率，以满足光转换材料8发出的光在该 间隙处发生全反射。所述容纳腔体12的外壁121为倾斜面，这样，光转换材料8发出的光在间隙处发生多次全反射后以较大角度出射，可提到出射光的均匀性、以及避免从容纳腔体的侧面漏光。其中，所述容纳腔体12的外壁121相对于盲孔6的内壁61的倾斜角度越大，匀光的效果越好。
光源入射至所述量子点材料后发生能级跃迁，可以发射出波长大于所述光源波长的光。可选地，所述光源为蓝光，蓝光经过量子点材料后，可辐射出红光和绿光，并与部分直接出射的蓝光形成白色光。
在导光板的表面上阵列排布有多个盲孔6，所述盲孔6的直径可以为100um～1000um，所述盲孔6的深度可以为100um～1000um，所述容纳腔体12的直径需要小于盲孔6的直径，因此，容纳腔体12的直径小于100um。在采用上述参数时，能够使得光转换材料8的发光效率比较高。盲孔6的个数可以根据需要设置，盲孔6的个数越多，填充的光转换材料越多，背光模组所能提供的亮度越高，但同时也会增加背光模组的制作成本。在实际应用中，可以根据实际需求合理设置盲孔6的个数。
可选地，盲孔6的剖面形状可以为圆柱形，还可以为圆台形。
在一些可选的实施例中，制作容纳腔体12的透光材料可以采用玻璃或透明树脂，当然，制作容纳腔体12的透光材料并不局限于采用玻璃或透明树脂，还可以为其他无色透光材料。
进一步地，如图1所示，所述导光板5与所述表面相背的入光面上设置有多个扩散网点7，扩散网点7可以对从导光板5出射至入光面上的光线进行反射，以使光线主要从导光板的出光面射出，以提高光的利用效率。此外，扩散网点可实现光线的扩散功能，有利于实现光线的均匀出射。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述光源包括设置在透明基底2上的LED阵列3，所述LED阵列3中的每一LED对应至少一所述光转换单元，光源通过封装胶4与导光板5封装在在一起。可以看出，本实施例的背光模组中，LED直下式分布，可以单独对不同LED进行控制，从而实现动态可调背光。可选地，每个LED为蓝色LED。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图1所示，所述LED阵列3设置在透明基底 2上，所述透明基底2背向所述LED阵列3的一侧还设置有光反射层1，光反射层1可以对从导光板5的入光面出射的光线进行反射，使得光线从表面出射，提高光线的利用率。
为了防止光转换材料8在垂直方向上发光太强形成亮斑，如图1所示，在导光板5出光面上还设置有遮挡光转换单元的遮光金属图形9，使得光转换材料8对应位置处的发光强度和未设置光转换材料8对应位置处的发光强度一致，以避免在光转换材料8对应位置处形成局部亮斑，保证出射光的均匀性。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述背光模组还包括：
位于所述遮光金属图形9背向所述导光板5的出光面一侧的散射膜10和/或增亮膜11。
在制作本公开的背光模组时，首先在透明基底2上形成LED阵列3，并将LED阵列3及其走线在透明基底2上封装好；之后在导光板5上进行激光打孔，孔为盲孔6不通透，盲孔6直径为100um～1mm，盲孔6深度为100um～1mm，具体地，盲孔6的直径和深度可以由光转换材料8在墨水中的发光效率、浓度以及出光效率等决定。可选地，盲孔6的剖面形状为圆柱形。
将光转换材料8混合装在直径小于100um的微型的小玻璃腔体里，将微型玻璃腔体进行封装，当然，除玻璃外，腔体还可以采用其它透明树脂材料制作，只要能够实现光转换材料8的单独封装即可，微型玻璃腔体可以为圆柱形或圆台形。
将封装了光转换材料8的微型腔体填充进导光板5上的盲孔6中，在微型腔体和盲孔6之间形成一个空气界面，从而满足导光板5的全反射条件，最终实现光线的均匀出射。之后可以在导光板5的出光面上依次制作遮光金属图形9、散射膜10和增亮膜11，从而完成背光模组的制备。
本公开实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括如上所述的背光模组。所述显示装置可以为：液晶电视、液晶显示器、数码相框、手机、平板电脑等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。所述显示装置还包括柔性电路板、印刷电路板和背板。可选地，所述液晶显示器为薄膜晶体管液晶显示器。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
可以理解，当诸如层、膜、区域或基板之类的元件被称作位于另一元件“上”或“下”时，该元件可以“直接”位于另一元件“上”或“下”，或者可以存在中间元件。
以上所述是本公开的可选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种导光板，其中，所述导光板的第一表面上开设有多个盲孔，所述盲孔内填充有光转换单元，所述光转换单元包括由透光材料构成的容纳腔体和位于所述容纳腔体内的光转换材料，所述容纳腔体的外壁与所述盲孔的内壁之间存在间隙。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的导光板，其中，所述光转换材料包括量子点材料和荧光材料中的至少一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的导光板，其中，所述盲孔的直径为100um～1000um，所述盲孔的深度为100um～1000um；所述容纳腔体的直径小于100um。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的导光板，其中，所述透光材料为玻璃或透明树脂。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的导光板，其中，所述导光板的入光面上设置有多个扩散网点。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的导光板，其中，所述盲孔的形状是圆柱形，所述容纳腔体的形状是圆台形。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的导光板，其中，所述间隙处填充的介质的折射率小于光转换材料的折射率。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的导光板，其中，所述间隙处的介质为空气。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的导光板，其中，所述容纳腔体的外壁为倾斜面。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的导光板，其中，所述第一表面为所述导光板的出光面或入光面。
  11. 一种背光模组，包括如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的导光板，还包括设置在所述导光板的入光面一侧的光源，所述光源激发所述光转换材料发光。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的背光模组，其中，所述光源包括LED阵列，所述LED阵列中的每一LED对应至少一所述光转换单元。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的背光模组，其中，所述LED阵列设置在透明基底上，所述透明基底背向所述LED阵列的一侧还设置有光反射层。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的背光模组，还包括：
    位于所述导光板第一表面上的遮光金属图形，其中所述遮光金属图形在所述第一表面上的正投影与所述光转换单元在所述第一表面上的正投影重叠。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的背光模组，其中，所述背光模组还包括散射膜和增亮膜中的至少一个，
    其中所述散射膜和所述增亮膜分别位于所述遮光金属图形背向所述导光板的第一表面一侧。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的背光模组，其中，所述LED阵列中的每一LED为蓝色LED。
  17. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求11-16中任一项所述的背光模组。
PCT/CN2018/105671 2017-09-19 2018-09-14 导光板、背光模组及显示装置 WO2019056985A1 (zh)

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