WO2019056936A1 - 风机控制方法、系统及空调 - Google Patents

风机控制方法、系统及空调 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019056936A1
WO2019056936A1 PCT/CN2018/103231 CN2018103231W WO2019056936A1 WO 2019056936 A1 WO2019056936 A1 WO 2019056936A1 CN 2018103231 W CN2018103231 W CN 2018103231W WO 2019056936 A1 WO2019056936 A1 WO 2019056936A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fan
initial state
state
control
bridge arm
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/103231
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
方小斌
苏玉海
贺小林
孙丰涛
刘涛
Original Assignee
格力电器（武汉）有限公司
珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Application filed by 格力电器（武汉）有限公司, 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 filed Critical 格力电器（武汉）有限公司
Priority to EP18857738.1A priority Critical patent/EP3647602B1/en
Priority to US16/649,355 priority patent/US11374511B2/en
Priority to ES18857738T priority patent/ES2974028T3/es
Publication of WO2019056936A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019056936A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/008—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/08—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor
    • H02P6/085—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor in a bridge configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/002—Axial flow fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/22—Current control, e.g. using a current control loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/36—Arrangements for braking or slowing; Four quadrant control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/20—Arrangements for starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/321—Wind directions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/50—Control logic embodiment by
    • F05B2270/502—Control logic embodiment by electrical means, e.g. relays or switches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/80—Devices generating input signals, e.g. transducers, sensors, cameras or strain gauges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/85—Starting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the converter used
    • H02P2201/03—AC-DC converter stage controlled to provide a defined DC link voltage

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of air conditioning technology, and in particular, to a fan control method, system, and air conditioner.
  • the reverse wind reverse direction of the fan will cause the fan to be in the "generator” state, and the energy will be reversely charged to the DC bus, causing the bus voltage to rise and the bus voltage to be too high.
  • the fan rotates forward and statically in the wind, and the operation will increase with the load, and the bus voltage will decrease. In the case of low voltage power input, it is easy to have a bus voltage undershoot abnormality.
  • the bus voltage is too high and too unstable due to the above conditions.
  • the conventional control method is:
  • the application provides a fan control method, system and air conditioner to solve at least the problem of how to reduce the abnormality of the bus voltage in the prior art.
  • the present application provides a fan control method, including:
  • the initial state of the fan includes: a downwind forward state, a static start state, or an upwind reverse state; and the fan is provided with a control signal matching the initial state according to the initial state of the fan.
  • the first bridge arm group is an upper bridge arm group in the inverter
  • the second bridge arm group is a lower bridge arm group in the inverter
  • the preset driving signal is a drive currently applied to the upper bridge arm group.
  • the first bridge arm group is the lower bridge arm group in the inverter
  • the second bridge arm group is the upper bridge arm group in the inverter
  • the preset driving signal is the drive currently applied to the lower bridge arm group signal.
  • the electrical signal of the fan stator is a current flowing through the fan stator; determining the initial state of the fan according to the electrical signal includes: determining that the initial state of the fan is a downwind forward state when the electrical signal is greater than a preset threshold; When the signal is equal to the preset threshold, it is determined that the initial state of the fan is a static start state; when the electrical signal is less than the preset threshold, it is determined that the initial state of the fan is an upwind reverse state.
  • the providing the fan with the control signal matching the initial state according to the initial state of the fan includes: when the initial state of the fan is the upwind reversal state, outputting a torque driving signal for characterizing the providing the turning moment to the fan to The initial state of the fan is switched to the static start state.
  • the method further includes: determining whether the current fan bus voltage is in the first preset interval; if the current fan bus voltage is in the first preset interval, then the current fan bus The voltage is closed loop controlled.
  • providing the fan with a control signal matching the initial state according to the initial state of the fan includes: performing closed-loop control of the speed of the fan when the initial state of the fan is the forward-swing state.
  • the method further includes: determining whether the current fan bus voltage is in a second preset interval; if the current fan bus voltage is in the second preset interval, then the current fan bus The voltage is closed loop controlled.
  • the providing a control signal matching the initial state to the fan according to the initial state of the fan includes: determining whether the current fan bus voltage is less than a preset voltage amplitude when the initial state of the fan is a static startup state; if the current fan busbar The voltage is less than the preset voltage amplitude, and the current fan bus voltage is closed-loop controlled.
  • a fan control system comprising:
  • the power module includes a first bridge arm group and a second bridge arm group for connecting to the fan; a capacitor group connected between the power module and the power source; a fan control device respectively connected to the power module and the capacitor group; and the fan control device Breaking the first bridge arm group and applying a preset driving signal to the second bridge arm group, detecting the electrical signals of the power module and the capacitor group to obtain an initial state of the fan; and the fan control device providing the power module with a control signal matching the initial state .
  • the fan control device comprises: a control switch for switching the first control loop and the second control loop according to an initial state of the fan, the first control loop is a bus voltage closed loop control loop, and the second control loop is a speed control loop.
  • an air conditioner including:
  • the fan when the first bridge arm group is turned off and a preset driving signal is applied to the second bridge arm group, an electrical signal related to the initial state of the wind turbine can be detected, and since the initial state of the wind turbine can be determined according to the electrical signal, Therefore, the fan can be provided with a control signal matching the initial state, so that the control of the fan can be more targeted, the accuracy of the control is improved, and the abnormality of the bus voltage is reduced, and the performance of the whole machine is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bus voltage control circuit in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a fan control method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit principle of a fan control system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a trend of a change in a bus voltage in different initial states in the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit of a fan control device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present embodiment discloses a fan control method.
  • FIG. 2 it is a flow chart of the fan control method, and the fan control method includes:
  • step S100 the first bridge arm group in the inverter for the fan is turned off.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of a fan control system according to the embodiment.
  • the fan control system includes a power module 1 connected to a fan.
  • the power module 1 includes a first bridge arm group and a second bridge arm group.
  • the first bridge arm group may be an upper bridge arm group, and correspondingly, the second bridge arm group is a lower bridge arm group; the first bridge arm group may also be a lower bridge arm group, and correspondingly, the second bridge arm group
  • the upper arm set can be implemented by transistors Q1, Q2, and Q3 and diodes D1, D2, and D3, which can be implemented by transistors Q4, Q5, and Q6 and diodes D4, D5, and D6.
  • a preset driving signal is applied to the second bridge arm group in the inverter.
  • the so-called preset driving signal refers to the driving signal currently applied to the first bridge arm group.
  • the first bridge arm set is an upper bridge arm set in the inverter
  • the second bridge arm set is a lower bridge arm set in the inverter
  • the preset drive signal is currently applied to the upper bridge arm Group of drive signals.
  • the first bridge arm group is a lower bridge arm group in the inverter
  • the second bridge arm group is an upper bridge arm group in the inverter
  • the preset driving signal is currently applied to the lower bridge group.
  • the drive signal of the arm set is a lower bridge arm group in the inverter.
  • Step S300 detecting an electrical signal of the fan stator after applying the preset driving signal.
  • the electrical signal of the so-called fan stator is the current of the fan stator.
  • an initial state of the fan is determined according to the electrical signal.
  • the initial state includes a downwind forward state, a static start state, or an upwind reverse state. Since the currents flowing through the fan stators of different initial states are different, the initial state of the fans can be determined according to the magnitude of the current flowing through the stator of the fan.
  • the electrical signal is greater than the preset threshold, determining that the initial state of the wind turbine is a forward wind forward state; when the electrical signal is equal to the preset threshold, determining that the initial state of the wind turbine is a static start state; When the threshold is less than the preset threshold, it is determined that the initial state of the wind turbine is the reverse wind reverse state.
  • I 0 is the critical value of the initial downwind of the fan, static and reverse wind reversal, and the size of I 0 can be determined according to experience or theory. It should be noted that, in the specific implementation process, the threshold value I 0 is allowed to have a certain error, that is, the value near the threshold I 0 can be regarded as a critical value, which can be determined empirically.
  • step S500 the fan is provided with a control signal matching the initial state according to the initial state of the fan.
  • Figure 4 is the trend diagram of bus voltage change under different initial conditions. The influence of the start-up and operation modes of the three types of fans on the bus voltage is different.
  • different states adopt different control methods. If the fan is reversed, the fan brake control method is called. If the fan is recognized to be static, the static start control method is called. If the fan is recognized to be rotating, the call is called. Start control method.
  • providing a control signal matching the initial state to the fan according to an initial state of the fan includes: when the initial state of the fan is an upwind reversal state, outputting to the fan for characterizing the providing rotation
  • the torque of the torque drives the signal to switch the initial state of the fan to a static starting state.
  • the method further includes: determining whether the current fan bus voltage is in the first preset interval; if the current fan bus voltage is in the first preset interval, Closed loop control of current fan bus voltage.
  • the first preset interval is referred to as [V max -V 1 , V max ], wherein V1 is the balance voltage under normal conditions of the bus voltage protection value. Please refer to FIG.
  • FIG. 5 which is a circuit schematic diagram of the fan control device of the embodiment, which switches the control switch K to a voltage level, thereby causing the fan control device to operate in the outer ring V dc voltage and the inner ring i d current through the PI regulator to achieve DC
  • the double closed-loop control method of the bus voltage stably controls the bus voltage, suppresses the bus voltage rise caused by the fan reversal to a specified value, and the energy consumption is stored in the motor stator three-phase windings Ru, Rv, Rw and part of the energy stored in the capacitor group. Within C1, thus does not affect the normal operation control of the motor.
  • the fan reverse rotation brake control state is completed, and the next fan static start state is entered.
  • the fan static start state is to use the outer ring rotation speed ⁇ and the inner loop current i q to pass the PI.
  • the regulator realizes the double closed-loop control method of the fan speed ⁇ to stably control the fan speed.
  • the bus voltage threshold control condition is satisfied and the bus voltage is stabilized. The entire control process enables parallel control of bus voltage and fan speed.
  • providing a control signal matching the initial state to the fan according to the initial state of the fan includes: performing closed-loop control of the speed of the fan when the initial state of the fan is the forward-swing state.
  • Motor motor state no energy is reversed to the DC bus, the bus voltage will not rise, therefore, only the ordinary motor FOC control method, at this time, the switch K is pulled into the current gear to realize the motor The conventional FOC control method and the closed loop control of the motor speed.
  • the method further includes: determining whether the current fan bus voltage is in the second preset interval; if the current fan bus voltage is in the second preset interval, Closed loop control of current fan bus voltage.
  • the embodiment also discloses a fan control system.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the fan control system.
  • the fan system includes: a power module 1 , a capacitor group C1 and a fan control device 2 , wherein:
  • the power module 1 includes a first bridge arm set and a second bridge arm set for connection to a fan.
  • the first bridge arm group may be an upper bridge arm group, and correspondingly, the second bridge arm group is a lower bridge arm group; the first bridge arm group may also be a lower bridge arm group, correspondingly, second
  • the bridge arm set is the upper bridge arm set.
  • the upper arm set can be implemented by transistors Q1, Q2, and Q3 and diodes D1, D2, and D3, which can be implemented by transistors Q4, Q5, and Q6 and diodes D4, D5, and D6.
  • Capacitor bank C1 is connected between power module 1 and the power supply. In a specific embodiment, both ends of the capacitor group C1 may be connected between the bus bar and the ground line. In an alternative embodiment, a rectifier may be connected between the power supply and the capacitor bank C1 to rectify the power supply.
  • the fan control unit 2 is connected to the power module 1 and the capacitor group C1, respectively.
  • the fan control device 2 turns off the first bridge arm group, and applies a preset driving signal to the second bridge arm group, and detects the electrical signals of the power module 1 and the capacitor group C1 to obtain the initial state of the fan; the fan control device 2
  • the power module 1 is provided with a control signal that matches the initial state.
  • the fan control device 2 includes: a control switch K for switching the first control loop and the second control loop according to an initial state of the fan, the first control loop being a bus voltage closed loop
  • the control loop, the second control loop is a speed control loop.
  • the fan control device 2 includes a conventional FOC speed inner loop control, and an outer loop current control loop and a bus voltage control loop.
  • the embodiment also discloses an air conditioner, comprising: a fan and the fan control system disclosed in the above embodiment.
  • the fan when the first bridge arm group is turned off and a preset driving signal is applied to the second bridge arm group, an electrical signal related to the initial state of the wind turbine can be detected, and since the initial state of the wind turbine can be determined according to the electrical signal, Therefore, the fan can be provided with a control signal matching the initial state, so that the control of the fan can be more targeted, the accuracy of the control is improved, and the abnormality of the bus voltage is reduced, and the performance of the whole machine is improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

一种风机控制方法、系统及空调，风机控制方法包括：关断用于风机的逆变器中第一桥臂组（S100）；对逆变器中的第二桥臂组施加预设驱动信号（S200）；检测施加预设驱动信号后风机定子的电信号（S300）；根据电信号确定风机的初始状态（S400），初始状态包括：顺风正转状态、静态启动状态或逆风反转状态；根据风机的初始状态向风机提供与初始状态相匹配的控制信号（S500）。

Description

风机控制方法、系统及空调
相关申请
本申请要求2017年09月21日申请的，申请号为201710861421.7，名称为“风机控制方法、系统及空调”的中国专利申请的优先权，在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及空调技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种风机控制方法、系统及空调。
背景技术
在变频空调领域，空调室外风机，常常采用不可控整流的变频驱动器，其母线电压大小会随输入电压高低、负载大小、逆风反转刹车等条件的变化，而出现不稳定的母线电压过高过低现象，从而导致母线电压异常故障停机。另外，空调室外风机启动常常会随外界自然条件的不同，出现逆风反转启动、顺风正转启动和静态启动三种方式。
风机逆风反转会导致风机处于“发电机”状态，能量反充至直流母线，使母线电压升高，出现母线电压过高异常。风机顺风正转和静态启动，运行会随负载越来越大，出现母线电压降低。在低电压电源输入情况下，很容易出现母线电压过低异常。
上述情况导致的母线电压过高过低不稳定现象，常规的控制方法是：
(1)由风机逆风反转导致的母线电压过高，请参考图1，通常会增加刹车电路，当因能量反充至直流母线升高到一定值时，开关K1吸合，能量在电阻R1内消耗，母线电压低于一定时，开关K1断开，正常运行。
该方案的优点是可快速制动消耗能量，但缺点是增加了额外的开关管和电阻，成本高，可靠性低，控制阀值软件检测有误差，易产生误判。同时，电阻发热需要增加额外的散热系统。
(2)由风机顺风正转和静态启动、运行时，随负载增大，母线电压降低，软件通常 会根据母线电压的低电压阀值限制风机频率上升，从而限制负载升高，控制母线电压不再降低。
该方案缺点是在低电压输入条件下，很容易出现降低风机负载，不能到达需求的风量，导致降低了整机性能。
因此，如何降低母线电压异常故障，提高整机性能成为亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种风机控制方法、系统及空调，以至少解决现有技术中如何降低母线电压异常故障的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，根据本公开实施例的第一方面，本申请提供了一种风机控制方法，包括：
关断用于风机的逆变器中第一桥臂组；对逆变器中的第二桥臂组施加预设驱动信号；检测施加预设驱动信号后风机定子的电信号；根据电信号确定风机的初始状态，初始状态包括：顺风正转状态、静态启动状态或逆风反转状态；根据风机的初始状态向风机提供与初始状态相匹配的控制信号。
可选地，第一桥臂组为逆变器中的上桥臂组，第二桥臂组为逆变器中的下桥臂组，预设驱动信号为当前施加给上桥臂组的驱动信号；或者，第一桥臂组为逆变器中的下桥臂组，第二桥臂组为逆变器中的上桥臂组，预设驱动信号为当前施加给下桥臂组的驱动信号。
可选地，风机定子的电信号为流过风机定子的电流；根据电信号确定风机的初始状态包括：当电信号大于预设阈值时，则确定风机的初始状态为顺风正转状态；当电信号等于预设阈值时，则确定风机的初始状态为静态启动状态；当电信号小于预设阈值时，则确定风机的初始状态为逆风反转状态。
可选地，根据风机的初始状态向风机提供与初始状态相匹配的控制信号包括：当风机的初始状态为逆风反转状态时，向风机输出用于表征提供回转力矩的力矩驱动信号，以将风机的初始状态切换至静态启动状态。
可选地，当风机的初始状态为逆风反转状态时，则还包括：判断当前风机母线电压是否在第一预设区间；如果当前风机母线电压在第一预设区间，则对当前风机母线电压进行闭环控制。
可选地，根据风机的初始状态向风机提供与初始状态相匹配的控制信号包括：当风机的初始状态为顺风正转状态时，对风机进行转速闭环控制。
可选地，当风机的初始状态为顺风正转状态时，则还包括：判断当前风机母线电压是否在第二预设区间；如果当前风机母线电压在第二预设区间，则对当前风机母线电压进行闭环控制。
可选地，根据风机的初始状态向风机提供与初始状态相匹配的控制信号包括：当风机的初始状态为静态启动状态时，判断当前风机母线电压是否小于预设电压幅值；如果当前风机母线电压小于预设电压幅值，对当前风机母线电压进行闭环控制。
根据本公开实施例的第二方面，提供了一种风机控制系统，包括：
功率模块包括第一桥臂组和第二桥臂组，用于连接至风机；电容组，连接至功率模块和电源之间；风机控制装置，分别与功率模块和电容组连接；风机控制装置关断第一桥臂组，并对第二桥臂组施加预设驱动信号，检测功率模块和电容组的电信号得到风机的初始状态；风机控制装置对功率模块提供与初始状态相匹配的控制信号。
可选地，风机控制装置包括：控制开关，用于根据风机的初始状态切换第一控制回路和第二控制回路，第一控制回路为母线电压闭环控制回路，第二控制回路为转速控制回路。
根据本公开实施例的第三方面，提供了一种空调，包括：
风机；和上述第二方面任意的风机控制系统。
在本申请中，在关断第一桥臂组，对第二桥臂组施加预设驱动信号，可以检测到与风机的初始状态相关的电信号，由于根据电信号可以确定风机的初始状态，因此，能够向风机提供与初始状态相匹配的控制信号，使得在对风机进行控制时能够更具针对性，提高了控制的准确度，继而，降低了母线电压异常故障，提高了整机性能。
附图说明
图1是现有技术中母线电压控制电路示意图；
图2是本申请实施例的一种风机控制方法流程图；
图3是本申请实施例的一种风机控制系统电路原理示意图；
图4是本申请实施例中不同初始状态下母线电压变化趋势示意图；
图5是本申请实施例的一种风机控制装置电路结构示意图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本申请相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本申请的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
为了降低母线电压异常故障，提高整机性能，本实施例公开了一种风机控制方法，请参考图2，为该风机控制方法流程图，该风机控制方法包括：
步骤S100，关断用于风机的逆变器中第一桥臂组。请参考图3，为本实施例风机控制系统电路原理图，该风机控制系统包括连接至风机的功率模块1，功率模块1包括第一桥臂组和第二桥臂组。具体地，第一桥臂组可以是上桥臂组，相应的，第二桥臂组为下桥臂组；第一桥臂组也可以是下桥臂组，相应的，第二桥臂组为上桥臂组。在具体实施例中，上桥臂组可以由三极管Q1、Q2和Q3以及二极管D1、D2和D3来实现，下桥臂组可以由三极管Q4、Q5和Q6以及二极管D4、D5和D6来实现。
步骤S200，对逆变器中的第二桥臂组施加预设驱动信号。本实施例中，所称预设驱动信号是指当前施加给第一桥臂组的驱动信号。在一种实施例中，第一桥臂组为逆变器中的上桥臂组，第二桥臂组为逆变器中的下桥臂组，预设驱动信号为当前施加给上桥臂组的驱动信号。在另一种实施例中，第一桥臂组为逆变器中的下桥臂组，第二桥臂组为逆变器中的上桥臂组，预设驱动信号为当前施加给下桥臂组的驱动信号。
步骤S300，检测施加预设驱动信号后风机定子的电信号。本实施例中，所称风机定子的电信号为风机定子的电流。在具体实施例中，如果电机有一定初始转速，那么风机定子则会有电流，利用检测的电流与风机转速的关系式v＝f(i u、v、w)可以判断出风机初始状态。
步骤S400，根据电信号确定风机的初始状态。本实施例中，初始状态包括：顺风正转状态、静态启动状态或逆风反转状态。由于不同的初始状态对应的风机定子流过的电流大小不同，因此，根据流经风机的定子的电流的大小可以确定风机的初始状态。在具体实施例中，当电信号大于预设阈值时，则确定风机的初始状态为顺风正转状态；当电信号等于预设阈值时，则确定风机的初始状态为静态启动状态；当电信号小于预设阈值时，则确定风机的初始状态为逆风反转状态。亦即，当i u、v、w>I 0时，风机转速v＞0，此时风机处于顺风正转状态，当i u、v、w＝I 0时，风机转速v＝0，此时风机处于静态启动状态，当i u、v、w<I 0时，风机转速v<0，此时风机处于逆风反转状态。其中，I 0为风机初始顺风正转，静态、逆风反转三种状态的临界值，I 0的大小可以根据经验或者理论推导确定。需要说明的是，在具体实施过程中，允许临界值I 0存在一定的误差，即在临界值I 0附近的值均可认作临界值，该误差大小可以根据经验确定。
步骤S500，根据风机的初始状态向风机提供与初始状态相匹配的控制信号。请参考图4，为不同初始状态下母线电压变化趋势图，三种风机启动、运行方式对母线电压的影响趋势不一样。本实施例中，不同的状态采用不同的控制方法，如果识别出风机反转就调用风机制动控制方法，如果识别出风机静态时就调用静止启动控制方法，如果识别出风机正转就调用正转启动控制方法。
在具体实施例中，在执行步骤S500时，根据风机的初始状态向风机提供与初始状态相匹配的控制信号包括：当风机的初始状态为逆风反转状态时，向风机输出用于表征提供回转力矩的力矩驱动信号，以将风机的初始状态切换至静态启动状态。具体地，当风机反转启动运行时，需要先给风机注入一定的回转力矩T e(t)，可以根据转速的大小，确定力矩 大小，关系为
Figure PCTCN2018103231-appb-000001
其中T e(t)为风机力矩，J为风机转动惯量，B为阻尼系数，ω风机转速。
在使风机由反转速度-N1rad/min降频运行至0rad/min转速，此时风机处于“发电机”状态，风机能量反冲至母线电压，使母线电压一直升高，为了不让母线电压出现过压保护，在具体实施例中，当风机的初始状态为逆风状态时，还包括：判断当前风机母线电压是否在第一预设区间；如果当前风机母线电压在第一预设区间，则对当前风机母线电压进行闭环控制。本实施例中，所称第一预设区间为[V max-V 1,V max]，其中，V1为母线电压保护值正常条件下余量电压。请参考图5，为本实施例风机控制装置电路原理图，将控制开关K切换到电压档，从而，使得风机控制装置工作在外环V dc电压和内环i d电流通过PI调节器实现直流母线电压的双闭环控制方法稳定控制母线电压，将因风机反转导致的母线电压升高抑制在指定值，同时能量消耗在电机定子三相绕组Ru、Rv、Rw上和部分能量储存在电容组C1内，从而不影响电机的正常运行控制。当风机反转制动控制转速为0rad/min时，完成风机反转制动控制状态，将进入下一个风机静止启动状态，风机静止启动状态是利用外环转速ω和内环电流i q通过PI调节器实现风机转速ω的双闭环控制方法稳定控制风机转速。启动完成后，满足母线电压阈值控制条件将再进入母线电压的稳定控制。整个控制过程实现母线电压和风机转速的并行控制。
在具体实施例中，在执行步骤S500时，根据风机的初始状态向风机提供与初始状态相匹配的控制信号包括：当风机的初始状态为顺风正转状态时，对风机进行转速闭环控制。电机电动状态，没有能量反充至直流母线，母线电压不会升高，因此，只需普通的电机FOC控制方法，此时，开关K吸合到电流档，实现电机
Figure PCTCN2018103231-appb-000002
的常规FOC控制方法，以及对电机进行转速闭环控制。
随着负载的增大，母线电压会逐渐降低，特别是在低电压电源输入条件下，随着负载的增大，母线电压降低到一定阈值，通常会限制负载的增加，甚至降低风机负载。让母线电压上升在正常范围，导致机组性能下降。因此，在具体实施过程中，当风机的初始状态 为顺风正转状态时，则还包括：判断当前风机母线电压是否在第二预设区间；如果当前风机母线电压在第二预设区间，则对当前风机母线电压进行闭环控制。具体地，当母线电压Vdc在第二预设区间[Vmin，Vmin+V1]时，开关K吸合到电压档，实现母线电压Vdc＝Vmin+V1稳定控制和电机
Figure PCTCN2018103231-appb-000003
的FOC控制并行运行，当母线电压Vdc大于Vmin+V1时，开关K吸合到1，实现电机
Figure PCTCN2018103231-appb-000004
的FOC控制。其中Vmin为母线电压过低保护阈值。
在具体实施例中，在执行步骤S500时，根据风机的初始状态向风机提供与初始状态相匹配的控制信号包括：当风机的初始状态为静态启动状态时，判断当前风机母线电压是否小于预设电压幅值；如果当前风机母线电压小于预设电压幅值，对当前风机母线电压进行闭环控制。具体地，当母线电压Vdc<Vmin+V1时，开关K吸合到电压档，实现母线电压Vdc＝Vmin+V1稳定控制和电机
Figure PCTCN2018103231-appb-000005
的FOC控制并行运行。
本实施例还公开了一种风机控制系统，请参考图3，为该风机控制系统结构示意图，该风机系统包括：功率模块1、电容组C1和风机控制装置2，其中：
功率模块1包括第一桥臂组和第二桥臂组，用于连接至风机。在具体实施例中，第一桥臂组可以是上桥臂组，相应的，第二桥臂组为下桥臂组；第一桥臂组也可以是下桥臂组，相应的，第二桥臂组为上桥臂组。在具体实施例中，上桥臂组可以由三极管Q1、Q2和Q3以及二极管D1、D2和D3来实现，下桥臂组可以由三极管Q4、Q5和Q6以及二极管D4、D5和D6来实现。
电容组C1连接至功率模块1和电源之间。在具体实施例中，电容组C1的两端可以连接至母线和地线之间。在可选的实施例中，在电源和电容组C1之间，还可以连接整流器，对电源进行整流。
风机控制装置2分别与功率模块1和电容组C1连接。本实施例中，风机控制装置2关断第一桥臂组，并对第二桥臂组施加预设驱动信号，检测功率模块1和电容组C1的电信号得到风机的初始状态；风机控制装置2对功率模块1提供与初始状态相匹配的控制信号。
在具体实施例中，请参考图5，风机控制装置2包括：控制开关K，控制开关K用于 根据风机的初始状态切换第一控制回路和第二控制回路，第一控制回路为母线电压闭环控制回路，第二控制回路为转速控制回路。具体地，风机控制装置2包括常规的FOC转速内环控制，以及外环的电流控制回路和母线电压控制回路。控制开关K吸合到电压档时，可以实现母线电压的闭环控制；控制开关K吸合到电流档时，可以实现电机定子电流
Figure PCTCN2018103231-appb-000006
的闭环控制。
本实施例还公开了一种空调，包括：风机和上述实施例公开的风机控制系统。
在本申请中，在关断第一桥臂组，对第二桥臂组施加预设驱动信号，可以检测到与风机的初始状态相关的电信号，由于根据电信号可以确定风机的初始状态，因此，能够向风机提供与初始状态相匹配的控制信号，使得在对风机进行控制时能够更具针对性，提高了控制的准确度，继而，降低了母线电压异常故障，提高了整机性能。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的申请后，将容易想到本申请的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本申请的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本申请的一般性原理并包括本申请未申请的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本申请的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求指出。
应当理解的是，本申请并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本申请的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种风机控制方法，其特征在于，包括：
    关断用于风机的逆变器中第一桥臂组；
    对所述逆变器中的第二桥臂组施加预设驱动信号；
    检测施加所述预设驱动信号后风机定子的电信号；
    根据所述电信号确定所述风机的初始状态，所述初始状态包括：顺风正转状态、静态启动状态或逆风反转状态；
    根据所述风机的初始状态向所述风机提供与所述初始状态相匹配的控制信号。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的风机控制方法，其特征在于，所述第一桥臂组为所述逆变器中的上桥臂组，所述第二桥臂组为所述逆变器中的下桥臂组，所述预设驱动信号为当前施加给所述上桥臂组的驱动信号；或者，
    所述第一桥臂组为所述逆变器中的下桥臂组，所述第二桥臂组为所述逆变器中的上桥臂组，所述预设驱动信号为当前施加给所述下桥臂组的驱动信号。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的风机控制方法，其特征在于，所述风机定子的电信号为流过所述风机定子的电流；
    根据所述电信号确定所述风机的初始状态包括：
    当所述电信号大于预设阈值时，则确定所述风机的初始状态为顺风正转状态；
    当所述电信号等于预设阈值时，则确定所述风机的初始状态为静态启动状态；
    当所述电信号小于预设阈值时，则确定所述风机的初始状态为逆风反转状态。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任意一项所述的风机控制方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述风机的初始状态向所述风机提供与所述初始状态相匹配的控制信号包括：
    当所述风机的初始状态为逆风反转状态时，向所述风机输出用于表征提供回转力矩的力矩驱动信号，以将所述风机的初始状态切换至静态启动状态。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的风机控制方法，其特征在于，当所述风机的初始状态为逆风反 转状态时，则还包括：
    判断当前风机母线电压是否在第一预设区间；
    如果当前风机母线电压在第一预设区间，则对当前风机母线电压进行闭环控制。
  6. 如权利要求1-3任意一项所述的风机控制方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述风机的初始状态向所述风机提供与所述初始状态相匹配的控制信号包括：
    当所述风机的初始状态为顺风正转状态时，对所述风机进行转速闭环控制。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的风机控制方法，其特征在于，当所述风机的初始状态为顺风正转状态时，则还包括：
    判断当前风机母线电压是否在第二预设区间；
    如果当前风机母线电压在第二预设区间，则对当前风机母线电压进行闭环控制。
  8. 如权利要求1-3任意一项所述的风机控制方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述风机的初始状态向所述风机提供与所述初始状态相匹配的控制信号包括：
    当所述风机的初始状态为静态启动状态时，判断当前风机母线电压是否小于预设电压幅值；
    如果当前风机母线电压小于预设电压幅值，对当前风机母线电压进行闭环控制。
  9. 一种风机控制系统，其特征在于，包括：
    功率模块(1)，包括第一桥臂组和第二桥臂组，用于连接至风机；
    电容组(C1)，连接至所述功率模块(1)和电源之间；
    风机控制装置(2)，分别与所述功率模块(1)和所述电容组(C1)连接；
    所述风机控制装置(2)关断所述第一桥臂组，并对所述第二桥臂组施加预设驱动信号检测所述功率模块(1)和所述电容组(C1)的电信号得到风机的初始状态；所述风机控制装置(2)对所述功率模块(1)提供与所述初始状态相匹配的控制信号。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的风机控制系统，其特征在于，所述风机控制装置(2)包括：
    控制开关(K)，用于根据所述风机的初始状态切换第一控制回路和第二控制回路，所述第一控制回路为母线电压闭环控制回路，所述第二控制回路为转速控制回路。
  11. 一种空调，其特征在于，包括：
    风机；
    如权利要求9或10所述的风机控制系统。
PCT/CN2018/103231 2017-09-21 2018-08-30 风机控制方法、系统及空调 WO2019056936A1 (zh)

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