WO2019052886A1

WO2019052886A1 - Exhaust gas duct for exhaust gases of gas turbines

Info

Publication number: WO2019052886A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/073977
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Alexander PROCHAZKA
Original assignee: Fivewater Gmbh
Priority date: 2017-09-13
Filing date: 2018-09-06
Publication date: 2019-03-21
Also published as: AT519963B1; AT519963A4

Abstract

In an exhaust gas duct for exhaust gases of gas turbines (1) having a housing (6) made of metal, an inner lining (30) made of metal and supported by the housing (6), and insulation (9) arranged between the housing (6) and the inner lining (30), connection bolts (18) are connected, on their side remote from the inner lining (30), to support rails (11), wherein the support rails (11) are each connected to the housing (6) via at least one elastic element (12).

Description

Exhaust pipe for exhaust gases from gas turbines

The invention relates to an exhaust pipe for exhaust gas from gas turbines with a metal housing, a housing supported by the inner lining of metal and disposed between the housing and the inner lining insulation, wherein for connection of the inner lining to the housing

Connecting bolts are provided.

It is known to provide exhaust pipes of gas turbines with an inner insulation. This should reduce the transmission of the high exhaust gas temperatures to the outside of the housing of the exhaust pipe and a

Soundproofing should be achieved. On the channel side, the insulating material is covered by an inner lining, which has inner lining panels made of stainless steel. In a conventional construction, these are bolted to connecting bolts, which in turn are welded to the housing of the exhaust pipe. The disadvantage here is that a relatively large due to the many extending between the housing and the inner lining connecting bolt

Heat transfer to the housing of the exhaust pipe takes place. Due to the high temperatures of the exhaust gas (up to 640 ° C and higher), this results in relatively high temperatures on the outside of the exhaust pipe. In addition, a relatively high sound transmission to the environment, so that in most cases enclosures for the exhaust pipe are required, which are associated with high costs. In addition, the inner lining often the high

Continuous loads can not withstand. Due to the high peripheral speeds of the exhaust gas (> 120 m / s) and the resulting from this turbulent flow vibrations in conjunction with the temperature loads, it may over time to deformation of the inner lining panels or to a complete demolition of such, which costly renovations are required , From DE 196 31 291 C2 an exhaust pipe of the type mentioned is apparent, with clamping profiles are provided which clamp the inner lining panels edge. The clamping profiles are attached to two-piece spacers. A first U-shaped profile piece of the spacer body is welded to the housing and a second U-shaped profile piece is bolted to the first profile piece via an intermediate insulating material, wherein on the second profile piece arranged within the inner lining panels clamping profile is attached. A disadvantage of this construction, it is, inter alia, that the design effort is very high due to the large number of spacers required.

In DE 196 31 291 C2 further writings to the prior art are cited (DE 42 25 448 A1, DE 41 42 178 C2, DE 40 36 690 C1, DE 39 40 381 A1, DE 36 06 1 79 A1 and DE 35th 20 072 A1), wherein the constructions described therein are disadvantageous in various respects, for example due to the formed thermal bridges and / or the high production and design effort.

Exhaust gas duct arrangements of gas turbines usually have a diffuser to reduce the exhaust velocity of the exhaust gas. Such a diffuser is known for example from DE 198 05 1 1 5 A1.

The object of the invention is to provide an advantageous exhaust pipe for a gas turbine, which is characterized by a relatively low sound output to the environment. This is achieved by an exhaust pipe with the

Features of claim 1.

In the exhaust pipe according to the invention are connecting bolts, which are provided for connecting the inner lining to the housing of the exhaust pipe, connected on its side remote from the inner lining side with mounting rails, which in turn are connected via at least one intermediate elastic element to the housing. From the mounting rails with the parts carried by them in conjunction with the elastic elements, a mass-spring system (or mass-spring damper system) are formed to pass the vibrations transmitted to the inner lining to the smallest possible Tei l to the housing , It can thereby be achieved a significantly reduced noise level in the environment of the exhaust pipe.

The heat transfer from the inner lining to the housing can also be kept relatively low in an exhaust pipe according to the invention.

By means of the invention, a construction which withstands the high loads occurring can be provided.

For example, be in the inventive manner designed exhaust pipe a diffuser or include such.

Advantageously, a plurality of spaced apart in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the respective support rail connecting bolts are attached to a respective support rail. These connecting pins are connected at their ends remote from the support rail with inner lining panels of the inner lining, preferably supported by the connecting bolts

Clamping profiles, between which the inner lining panels are clamped.

Advantageously, in this case outside of the inner lining panels lying outer clamping profiles may be attached to the connecting bolt, wherein a respective outer clamping profile is clamped via clamping screws with an inner clamping profile. A respective inner lining plate is in this case preferably clamped at opposite edges between outer clamping profiles and inner Klemmprofi len. The connection of a respective support rail with the housing of the exhaust pipe is conveniently carried out via at least two in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the support rail spaced-apart elastic elements. There are distributed in a possible embodiment over the circumference of the housing a plurality of mounting rails, which are each aligned with their longitudinal extent in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the exhaust pipe. In particular, this training is preferred in a diffuser. But it can also be perpendicular to the direction of the longitudinal extension of the exhaust pipe aligned support rails may be present, for example, in an exhaust pipe with a rectangular or square cross-section. Depending on the length of the exhaust pipe are in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the

Exhaust pipe a plurality of mounting rails available. In an orientation parallel to the longitudinal extent of the exhaust pipe, these can immediately

connect to each other or - preferably - be spaced apart. Different types of elastic elements can be provided, via which the connection of a respective mounting rail with the housing, in particular metal springs, such as coil springs, leaf springs or disc springs, or rubber springs. Combinations of different elastic elements can also be provided. Preferably, the connection of a respective mounting rail to the housing, starting from a neutral position, which is present when no load caused by the exhaust gas flow on the mounting rail, allows an elastic displacement of the mounting rail both in the direction of the housing and in the direction away from the housing.

Further advantages and details of the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this show:

1 shows an exhaust pipe arrangement with a schematic representation of a gas turbine.

Fig. 2 is an oblique view of an exhaust pipe according to the invention in the form of a diffuser, wherein the insulation only over half of the circumference of the diffuser is drawn;

Fig. 3, the lower half of the diffuser of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a representation corresponding to FIG. 3, but without the

Interior lining panels and without the insulation;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail A of Fig. 4;

6 shows the diffuser in the longitudinal center section;

7 shows a partial section along the line BB in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the connection of the inner lining panels with the housing, compared to Figs 2-7 slightly modified, in a section corresponding to Figure 6, the insulation shown only in a central portion ..; Fig. 9 is a section along the line CC of Fig. 8, the clamping screws

hidden;

Fig. 10 is a partial section along the line DD of Fig. 8, the connecting bolt hidden;

Fig. 1 1 and 12 another possible embodiment of the compound of

Inner lining plates with the housing in sections analogous to Figures 8 and 9.

Fig. 1 3 another possible embodiment in a section analogous to Fig. 1 2. The figures have different scales. 1 shows an exhaust gas line arrangement for the exhaust gases of a gas turbine 1, which is indicated only schematically.

The effluent from the gas turbine 1 exhaust gas is first passed through a diffuser 2, in which the outflow velocity of the exhaust gas is reduced by the conically expanded shape and exhaust pressure is built up. It follows one

Gas switch 3, by means of which the exhaust gas can be derived either through a chimney 4 or in the flow direction 5 a not shown

Waste heat boiler can be supplied. The invention will be explained below with reference to the diffuser shown in FIGS. 2-7. Also, another part of the exhaust pipe arrangement can in

formed according to the invention. Preferably, all parts of the Exhaust pipe arrangement formed in accordance with the invention.

The diffuser has a bearing housing 6, which forms the bearing outer shell of the exhaust pipe. The housing 6 is made of metal, in particular mild steel. The housing is formed by a plurality of plates 6a, which each form a portion of the circumferential extent of the housing and are screwed together. For welding and / or screwing, the plates preferably have flanges 6b. Welded between the flanges

Ring segments 33 serve to reinforce.

In the exemplary embodiment, the plates 6a adjoining one another in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the diffuser 2 are welded together (alternatively screwed with the use of a gasket) and the peripheral parts of the invention thus formed

Housings are screwed together at their longitudinal edges.

For connection with other parts of the system, the diffuser has flanges 7, 8 at its two longitudinal ends.

On the inside of the housing 6, an insulation 9 is arranged. The insulation 9 is covered towards the exhaust duct 10 by an inner lining 30, which will be described in more detail below. The space between the inner lining 30 and the housing is as completely as possible filled by the insulation 9. The insulation 9 can be formed in a known manner of ceramic wool. This can be partially incorporated in lanes, sometimes as stuffing material.

The entire inner lining 30 is supported solely by mounting rails 1 1, which in turn are supported by the housing 6. The connection of the mounting rails 11 to the housing 6 takes place via elastic elements 12. Within the inner lining 30 runs the exhaust gas duct 10, through which the exhaust gases emitted by the gas turbine 1 are guided, the inner lining 30 surrounding the exhaust gas duct in its entirety. Into the exhaust passage 10 may through openings in the inner liner 30th

Probe 31 protrude. The elastic elements 12 are formed in the embodiment each of a first and a second coil spring 1 3, 14, between which a first web 1 1 a of the support rail 1 1 is arranged. The support rails can, as shown in cross-section seen having a U-shaped configuration, wherein a connecting web 1 1 c the first web 1 1 a and second web 1 1 b connects. The second webs 1 1 b can recesses for the passage of the first

Have coil springs 1 3.

The first and second webs 1 1 a, 1 1 b are substantially parallel to

Oriented circumferentially (ie parallel to the radially outside of the respective support rail 1 1 lying portion of the housing 6). Other trainings of the

Support rails 1 1 are conceivable and possible, for example L-, T-, double T- or Z-shaped formations or training in the form of flat iron.

The first and second coil springs 1 3, 14 are arranged on mounting parts 1 5, which are rigidly connected to the housing 6. in the

Embodiment, the support members 1 5, on which the elastic members 12 are arranged, which are assigned to one of the support rails 1 1, welded to a common base plate 29, which in turn is welded to a plate 6 a of the housing 6.

The connection of a respective support rail 1 1 with the housing 6 is preferably carried out via at least two in the longitudinal direction of the support rail spaced-apart elastic elements 12. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2-7 four in the longitudinal direction of the support rail spaced elastic elements 12 are present.

The support rails 1 1 are in the embodiment with their longitudinal extent in Direction of the longitudinal extension of the exhaust pipe aligned, as is preferred. Over the length of the exhaust pipe are several, here in the direction of

Longitudinal extent of the exhaust pipe spaced support rails 1 1 available. In addition, more over the circumference of the exhaust pipe

spaced support rails 1 1 available.

To connect the support rails 1 1 serve with the inner lining

Connecting bolt 18, which are connected to the support rails 1 1,

preferably via screw connections, on the other hand with outer clamping profiles 19, preferably via screw connections, inner lining panels 21 of the inner lining 30 being clamped at the edge between the outer clamping profiles 19 and inner clamping profiles 22. For this purpose, the inner lining panels 21 each protrude with opposite side edges 21 a, 21 b in the space between an outer clamping profile 19 and an inner clamping profile 22 and the outer clamping profiles 19 and inner clamping profiles 22 are clamped to each other via clamping screws 23.

In the embodiment, the outer clamping profiles 19 and inner clamping profiles 22 are each U-shaped in cross-section, with each other

Side bars 19a, 19b; 22a, 22b, which are each interconnected by a base web 19c, 22c. The clamping screws 23 pass through openings in the base webs 19c, 22c and clamp them in the direction of each other. A respective inner liner panel 21 is interposed between the facing side bars 19a, 19b; 22a, 22b of the clamping profiles 19, 22 braced.

Clamping profiles 19, 22, between which inner lining plates are preferably clamped at the edge, could also with a from the shown

Embodiment different form be formed. In the exemplary embodiment, the clamped side edges 21 a, 21 b of the

Inner lining plates 21 in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the exhaust pipe, as is preferred. Between in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the exhaust pipe successive I nnenauskleidungsplatten 21, which are clamped by clamping profiles 19, 22, are cover plates 24, which adjoin the both sides

Inner lining panels 21 overlap and in the region of a respective

Overlap with the respective inner lining panel 21 are screwed through screw 25. The column of circumferentially successive cover plates 24 are covered on the inside and outside by inner and outer cover strips 26, 27, which overlap in the region of their longitudinal ends with the inner and outer clamping profiles 22, 19 and are screwed to these and in the middle Areas of their Länqserstreckunq are screwed against each other.

The cover plates 24 may have a greater thickness than the inner lining plates 21. It will be so by each in the circumferential direction

successive cover plates 24 formed a total circumferential reinforcing rings.

In order to accommodate the front and rear edges of the cover plates 24 in the region of the ends of the clamping profiles 19, 22 between the clamping profiles 19, 22 relative to the direction of the longitudinal extent of the exhaust pipe, the side webs 19a, 19b of the outer clamping profiles 19 and / or the side webs 22a, 22b of the inner clamping profiles 22 end provided with recesses 28, whereby

Insertion slots for the cover plates 24 are formed, see. Fig. 5. By the inner lining plates 21 and cover plates 24 in conjunction with the gaps between these plates covering inner clamping profiles 22 and cover strips 27 thus the exhaust passage 10 as a closed jacket surrounding inner lining 30 is formed. Inner lining panels 21 and cover plates 24 are made of stainless steel. The

Inner and outer clamping profiles 22, 19 and the inner and outer cover strips 26, 27, which also the high temperature loads by the exhaust gas are preferably also made of stainless steel. The G leiche is preferably also for the other, particularly high temperatures exposed parts, so for the clamping screws 23 and / or for the screw between the cover strips 26, 27 and / or the clamping profiles and cover strips and / or for the connecting pin 18th

Figs. 8-10 show a somewhat modified formation of the compound of

Inner lining 30 with the housing 6, which instead of the connection shown in Figs. 1-7 for the diffuser and / or for other parts of

Exhaust pipe arrangement could be used. FIGS. 8-10 also show further details of the embodiment (which in this form can also be used in the embodiment according to FIGS. 2-7).

Thus, from these figures, in particular Fig. 9, the more detailed design of the holder of the coil springs 1 3, 14 shown.

The here sleeve-shaped support member 1 5 is welded to the housing 6 and arranged on the support member disc 16 is screwed by means of an external thread of the support member

Fixing nut 17 is pressed against the first coil spring 13. The

Holder part could also be formed pin-shaped.

In Fig. 9 is further a possible way of connecting a respective

Connecting bolt 18 shown with a mounting rail 1 1. The

Connecting bolt 18 passes through an opening in a second web 1 1 b of the respective support rail 1 1, wherein the second web 1 1 b is clamped between the bolt head and a screwed onto an external thread of the connecting bolt nut. For example, a clamping between two nuts would be conceivable and possible.

For connection of a respective connecting bolt 18 with an outer clamping profile 19, the remote from the support rail 1 1 end of a respective Connecting bolt 18 an opening in the outer clamping profile 19 prevail. The outer clamping profile 19 is clamped between nuts screwed onto the connecting bolt 18 (or between a widening of the bolt and a screwed-on nut). In the embodiment lies between the outer clamping profile 19 and the closer to the end of the support rail 1 1 remote end of the

Connecting bolt 18 lying mother nor a Verdrehsicherungsscheibe 20. This has a deviating from the circular shape and cooperates with

Side bars 19a, 19b of the outer clamping profile 19 together, so they

is kept non-rotatable relative to the outer clamping profile. The Andes

Anti-rotation washers 20 adjacent nuts are connected by spot welds with these.

It is also apparent from FIGS. 9 and 10 that for securing the

Inner lining plate 21 against pulling out of the clamped clamping profiles 19, 22 in the direction perpendicular to the side edges 21 a, 21 b welded sheet metal strip 32 serve, which parallel to the

Side edges run and an L-shaped conclusion of the

Interior lining panels 21 form. Instead, the

Inner lining panels 21 also in the region of their side edges 21 a, 21 b be T-shaped, for example by welded metal strips.

The elastic members 12 with the support rails 1 1 and the parts carried by these, in particular the inner lining, form a mass-spring system, whereby a vibration isolation of transmitted to the inner lining vibrations relative to the housing 6 takes place. It can thereby be achieved a relatively low noise level on the outside of the housing, so that can be dispensed with expensive housings.

The heat transfer to the outside of the housing is relatively low, whereby the risk of injury is significantly reduced. The support rails 1 1 act as a heat sink for the over the connecting pin 18 transmitted to them heat. The further heat transfer to the housing 6 then takes place in Essentially only via the coil springs 14.

The trained inner lining is very stable and can absorb thermal expansion, which occur due to the high temperature loads acting. For this purpose, for example, the openings in the outer clamping profiles 19 with respect to the connecting pin 18 passing through a game based on the longitudinal extent of the exhaust pipe. A displacement of the inner lining panels 21 with respect to the clamping profiles 19, 22 (in the axial direction of the exhaust pipe and / or in the circumferential direction of the exhaust pipe) is possible.

A modified connection of the mounting rails 1 1 via elastic elements 12 is shown in Figs. 1 1 and 12. The elastic elements 12 are here of

Rubber springs or rubber dampers formed.

Fig. 1 3 shows a possible modified design of the support rails 1 1 in the form of T-profiles. It is here shown an arrangement of an elastic member 12 in the form of a coil spring only on one side of the respective web of the support rail, but an arrangement of coil springs on both sides of the web to allow elastic deflection in both directions, again would be preferred.

For example, a connection of the mounting rails to the housing could also be provided over in the form of leaf springs ausgebi ldeten elastic elements.

In the embodiments described above, the exhaust pipe formed in accordance with the invention is a diffuser. Also other parts of the

Line arrangement for discharging exhaust gas from a gas turbine can advantageously be designed according to the invention. Thus, the fireplace 4 and / or the gas switch 3 may be formed in a completely analogous manner as shown by the diffuser 2 with an inner lining, which are supported by connecting bolts of mounting rails, which via elastic elements to the housing are connected.

e e d e

TO n reference numbers

1 gas turbine 19a side bar

2 diffuser 19b side bar

3 gas switch 30 19c base bar

4 Chimney 20 anti-rotation washer

5 flow direction 21 inner lining plate

6 housing 21 a side edge

6a plate 21 b side edge

6b Flange 35 21 c Locking plate

7 Flange 22 Internal clamping profile

8 flange 22a side bar

9 Insulation 22b side bar

10 exhaust duct 22c base web

1 1 Mounting rail 40 23 Clamping screw

1 1 a first web 24 cover plate

1 1 b second bridge 25 screw connection

1 1 c Connecting bridge 26 Inside cover strip

12 elastic element 27 outer cover strip

1 3 first coil spring 45 28 recess

14 second coil spring 29 foot plate

1 5 mounting part 30 inner lining

16 disc 31 probe

17 fixing nut 32 sheet metal strip

18 Connecting pin 50 33 Ring segment

19 outer clamping profile

Claims

claims

1 . Exhaust pipe for exhaust gases from gas turbines (1) with a housing (6)

Metal, an inner lining of metal supported by the housing (6) and an insulation (9) arranged between the housing (6) and the inner lining (30), wherein for connecting the inner lining (30) to the

Housing (6) connecting pins (18) are provided thereby

characterized in that the connecting bolts (18) on their from the

Inner lining (30) remote side with mounting rails (1 1) are connected, wherein the support rails (1 1) via at least one elastic element (12) are connected to the housing (6).

2. Exhaust pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that two or more in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the respective support rail (1 1) spaced connection bolts (1 8) are attached to the respective support rail (1 1).

3. Exhaust pipe according to claim or 2, characterized in that a

respective support rail (1 1) over at least two in the direction of

Longitudinal extent of the support rail (1 1) spaced apart elastic elements (12) is connected to the housing (6).

4. Exhaust pipe according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that distributed over the circumference of the housing (6) a plurality of mounting rails (1 1) are present.

5. Exhaust pipe according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that inner lining panels (21) of the inner lining (30) between the connecting bolt (18) carried outer and inner clamping profiles (19, 22) are clamped, which are clamped to each other via clamping screws (23).

Exhaust pipe according to claim 5, characterized in that at least two in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the support rail (1 1) from each other

spaced connection bolts (18) through openings in the respective outer clamping profile (19), wherein the outer clamping profile (19) by means of at least one screwed onto a thread of the respective connecting pin (18) nut on the respective connecting pin (18) is attached.

Exhaust pipe according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that with a respective support rail (1 1) connected to the connecting bolt (1 8) openings in a web (1 1 a) of the support rail (1 1) and enforce by at least one on Thread of the connecting bolt (18)

screwed nut on the mounting rail (1 1) are attached.

Exhaust pipe according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a respective elastic element (12) has a first and a second

Has helical spring (1 3, 14), between which a web (1 1 b) of the

Support rail (1 1) is arranged.

Exhaust pipe according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the exhaust pipe is a diffuser or comprises a diffuser.